EP2218106A2 - Method for metalizing solar cells, hot-melt aerosol ink, and aerosol jet printing system - Google Patents
Method for metalizing solar cells, hot-melt aerosol ink, and aerosol jet printing systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP2218106A2 EP2218106A2 EP08856298A EP08856298A EP2218106A2 EP 2218106 A2 EP2218106 A2 EP 2218106A2 EP 08856298 A EP08856298 A EP 08856298A EP 08856298 A EP08856298 A EP 08856298A EP 2218106 A2 EP2218106 A2 EP 2218106A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aerosol
- hotmelt
- ink
- jet printing
- printing system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical group OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007649 pad printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013386 optimize process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/34—Hot-melt inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel process for applying conductive structures to solar cells, wherein a hot-melt aerosol ink is atomized by means of an aerosol-jet printing system and discharged out of the printing system in the direction of the solar cell, the printing system being heated at least partially, to keep the viscosity of the ink used low.
- a hot-melt aerosol ink is atomized by means of an aerosol-jet printing system and discharged out of the printing system in the direction of the solar cell, the printing system being heated at least partially, to keep the viscosity of the ink used low.
- the non-heated substrate solar cell
- the contact area For conductive contacts on solar cells, especially at front side contacts, it is desirable to keep the contact area as low as possible and at the same time the electrical conductivity of the contact grid high.
- a small contact surface prevents too much shadowing and reduces the recombination of charge carriers.
- Good conductivity of the contact grille reduces the electrical losses. Both can be achieved by making a printed contact as narrow as possible and at the same time as high as possible. The ratio of height to width is called the aspect ratio.
- hotmelt pastes can be used. These are screen-printing pastes which are highly viscous at room temperature and low viscosity at higher temperatures 40 0 C to 90 0 C. This is achieved by replacing the solvent of the pastes with a thermoplastic polymer system. Hotmelt pastes are used for metallization in screen printing and pad printing.
- a very narrow and also flat metal layer is printed, which is galvanically reinforced in a second step.
- seed layer is printed, which is galvanically reinforced in a second step.
- the seed layer is printed very narrow.
- the narrower the seed layer the better the aspect ratio can be better.
- line widths of less than 20 ⁇ m can be realized. However, these only have a height of a maximum of 2 microns.
- the aerosol jet technique is an inkjet process that makes it possible to print flat and thin lines.
- the technique is used to create thin metal contacts (contact width 20 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, contact height ⁇ 2 ⁇ m) in a single pass. These thin metal contacts serve as a seed layer for galvanic reinforcement.
- these contact widths (20 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m) can only be achieved if the substrate is heated to well above room temperature (FIGS. 1 and 2). Heating causes the solvent in the aerosol to evaporate after impact with the substrate, drying the ink and preventing it from running on the substrate.
- Temperatures of 100 0 C to 200 0 C are to neces- dig. This high substrate temperature hindered or hitherto hindered industrial use of the printing process, since the cycle times are lower than at a pressure at room temperature. Furthermore, there is always an increased safety risk with the combination of solvents and high temperatures.
- Claim 18 provides a hot-melt aerosol ink which has advantageous properties in the metallization process.
- an inventive aerosol jet printing system for the metallization of solar cells is specified.
- the inventive method thus relates to a
- Method for applying conductive structures to solar cells in which by means of an aerosol-jet printing system, a conductive contact is applied to the substrate surface of the solar cell, wherein a hot-melt aerosol ink is atomized and at least partially heated the aerosol-jet printing system is comprising with the proviso that the used hot melt aerosol ink has a viscosity ⁇ ⁇ 1 Pas at a temperature of at least 40 0 C.
- Hot melt aerosol ink in the aerosol jet printing system is atomized at elevated temperatures so that the ink has a defined, advantageous viscosity that allows favorable atomization of the ink.
- the viscosity must be at least 40 ° C. ⁇ 1 Pas.
- the thus atomized ink is discharged in the direction of the solar cell (substrate) from the aerosol-jet printing system. Upon impact with the substrate, the ink is flash precipitated and solidifies there.
- the metal contact formed thereby is characterized by an excellent aspect ratio (height to width) of 1: 3 to 1:10, preferably from 1: 3 to 1: 5.
- the hotmelt aerosol ink used is chosen from its composition and viscosity adjustment so that the stated in claim 1 viscosity of ⁇ ⁇ 1 Pas at least 40 0 C can be achieved.
- the hotmelt aerosol ink used contains 50 to 90% by weight of conductive particles as a solid, which are dispersed in a thermoplastic compound. In order to be able to form defined contacts, it is preferred if the conductive particles used have a diameter d 90 smaller than 500 nm.
- the ink may further contain further solids, in particular metal oxides and / or glass frits.
- thermoplastic compound of the ink in which the solids are dispersed are in particular one or more C 14 - to C 2 o alcohols and / or thermoplastic polymers.
- C i4 -C 6 alcohols are preferred.
- the ink which is preferably used in the process is defined in particular by the following formulation: a) 50 to 90% by weight of solids comprising metal particles, metal oxides and / or glass frits, b) 10 to 20% by weight of a Ci 4 to C 2 o linear alcohol as a thermoplastic compound, c) from 10 to 30% by weight of a solvent and d) from 0.01 to 1% by weight of additives, the sum of the individual formulation constituents a) to d) being 100 Wt .-% is.
- the ink used is formulated so that problem-free atomization at elevated temperature in the system is possible.
- the ink must have a viscosity ⁇ of ⁇ 200 Pas at room temperature in order to avoid bleeding on the substrate.
- Favorable viscosity at room temperature is between 200 and 5000 Pas, more preferably between 200 and 500 Pas.
- the system to be used in this case comprises at least one atomizer, a concentrator (Virtual Impactor) and a printhead, as known from the prior art. According to the invention it is now provided to partially heat at least one of these components of the aerosol-jet printing system to the desired
- the atomizer with a Zerstäubergas which is heated to 70 to 100 0 C, operated.
- the ink should be within the printing system on a Temperature of 40 to 70 0 C are kept. For this purpose it is favorable when the concentrator (virtual impactor), the print head and the individual components connecting transport hoses at a temperature of 50 to 100 0 C are maintained.
- the method thus makes it possible to apply conductive contacts, in particular metallizations, to solar cells. Due to the particularly advantageous aspect ratio of the applied metallizations, the method is preferably suitable for applying front side contacts to solar cells.
- the substrate surface is formed in particular from silicon or glass in the coated or uncoated state, for example with SiO 2 , SiN x , TCO, ⁇ -Si, TiO 2 .
- the preferred aspect ratio is 1: 3 to 1:10, preferably 1: 3 to 1: 5.
- the substrate surface of the solar cell does not have to be heated or is cooled. It is essential here that the temperature of the substrate surface is such that a solidification of the ink used occurs when hitting the substrate in the shortest possible time.
- a galvanic thickening or reinforcement preferably by galvanization with silver and / or copper, is carried out.
- the invention further relates to a hot-melt aerosol ink as described above.
- the targeted control of the viscosity is effected in particular by the amount and type of thermoplastic polymer used.
- the viscosity ⁇ is at RT ⁇ 200 Pas, preferably it is in the range of 200 to 5000 Pas, more preferably in the range of 200 to 500 Pas.
- the metal particles used are in particular selected from the group consisting of silver, nickel, tin, zinc, chromium, cobalt, tungsten, titanium and / or mixtures thereof.
- metal oxides lead oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and / or mixtures thereof are present in the ink.
- thermoplastic compounds are selected from the group consisting of Ci 6 to C 2O , preferably Ci 4 -Ci e linear aliphatic alcohols and / or polyhydric alcohols, such as hexane-1,6-diol.
- the solvent contained in the ink is selected from glycol ether, M-methylpyrolidone, 2- (2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol and / or mixtures thereof. It is further preferred if the hot-melt aerosol ink contains dispersants and / or defoamers as additives.
- an aerosol-jet printing system comprising at least one atomizer, a concentrator and a print head as well as connection tubes connecting these components
- the pressure system according to the invention is characterized in that at least one of the aforementioned components is heatable, it is preferred if all components are designed to be heated.
- Example of a hotmelt aerosol ink according to the invention is a hotmelt aerosol ink according to the invention.
- Composition in percent by weight (wt .-%): solids content (metal powder, metal oxides, glass frit) 70.5 wt .-%, long-chain alcohol C i4 + 10.5 wt .-%, solvent with low vapor pressure (glycol ether) 19 wt %, Dispersant 0.5% by weight.
- FIG. 1 shows a conventional aerosol jet Printing system using a heated substrate
- Figure 2 shows the result of a conventional, known from the prior art
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an aerosol jet printing system according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows the result of the invention
- FIG. 1 shows a prior art aerosol jet printing device 1, wherein the atomizer 2 (atomizer) is operated with a nebulizer gas.
- the aerosol generated in the Virtual Impacter 3 is discharged via the printhead 4, to which additionally a focusing gas is added, via a nozzle 5 in the direction of the heated substrate 6.
- a focusing gas is added, via a nozzle 5 in the direction of the heated substrate 6.
- the temperature of the substrate 6 is normally 150 ° C.
- FIG. 3 shows schematically the structure of an aerosol-jet printing apparatus 9 according to the invention, by means of which the method according to the invention can also be explained in more detail.
- the nebulizer 10 (atomizer) described here is heated and supplied with the aerosol jet ink according to the invention. That the atomizer supplied 10 is also heated to a temperature between 70 and 100 0 C.
- the generated aerosol is fed to the likewise heated Virtual Impactor 11, wherein the tubes connecting the components and feeds or supply lines are also heated to an operating temperature of about 60 ° C.
- the focusing or sheath gas supplied to the likewise heated print head 12 does not have to be heated, so that the focusing or sheath gas contributes to the cooling of the heated aerosol and its viscosity is increased on the way to the substrate 13.
- FIG. 4 shows the results which can be achieved in the metallization of solar cells by the method according to the invention. Compared to Figure 2, the significantly improved aspect ratio can be seen.
- the metallizations achieved here are much higher than those shown in FIG. 2 and have an excellent aspect ratio, so that a significantly improved current conduction and contact formation is possible.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007058972A DE102007058972A1 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | Process for metallization of solar cells, hotmelt aerosol ink and aerosol jet printing system |
PCT/EP2008/008648 WO2009071145A2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2008-10-13 | Method for metalizing solar cells, hot-melt aerosol ink, and aerosol jet printing system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2218106A2 true EP2218106A2 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
Family
ID=40614284
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08856298A Withdrawn EP2218106A2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2008-10-13 | Method for metalizing solar cells, hot-melt aerosol ink, and aerosol jet printing system |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110059230A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2218106A2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20100109919A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101919063B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007058972A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009071145A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11584139B2 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2023-02-21 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Printing apparatus and printing method |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008051469A1 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2010-04-15 | Malibu Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for contacting thin-film solar cells and thin-film solar module |
DE102010013850A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Sitec Solar Gmbh | Method for electrical connection of solar cells for solar module, involves separating contact material in local area between conductive material and terminals and in another local area between individual conductors via plasma spraying |
WO2012069995A2 (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-05-31 | Somont Gmbh | Methods and apparatus for applying a connection agent to atleast a connector for connection atleast a solar cell |
SG186506A1 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2013-01-30 | Bayer South East Asia Pte Ltd | Electrically conductive printable composition |
DE102011106390A1 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Organic LED or organic photovoltaic element, has insulating element readily protruding into outline of conductive layer in upper edge region during forming conductive layer, where actuating of conductive layer is segmented into electrodes |
KR101411012B1 (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2014-06-24 | 제일모직주식회사 | Electrode paste composite for a solar battery and electrode thereof and solar cell thereof |
CN104093499A (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2014-10-08 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | Pattern forming method, device, and device manufacturing method |
DE102012205978A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2013-10-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Photovoltaic thin-film solar modules and methods for producing such thin-film solar modules |
JP6208747B2 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2017-10-04 | ヘレウス プレシャス メタルズ ノース アメリカ コンショホーケン エルエルシー | Solar cell contact with nickel intermetallic composition |
CN104269464B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2017-02-15 | 天威新能源控股有限公司 | Novel solar battery ultra-fine electrode preparation method |
US20170283629A1 (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | University Of North Texas | Metal-based ink for additive manufacturing process |
CN111344814B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2021-11-16 | 昭和电工材料株式会社 | Composition, conductor, method for producing same, and structure |
CN110733178A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-31 | 季华实验室 | aerosol jet printing method and system for volatile ink |
CN113415076B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-09-20 | 南方科技大学 | Aerosol printing device and printing method |
CN113871760B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-07-18 | 嘉兴学院 | Gel electrolyte ink suitable for aerosol printing and preparation method thereof |
KR102670828B1 (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2024-05-30 | 순천향대학교 산학협력단 | Focused spray jet printing system |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE4035080A1 (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 1992-05-07 | Abb Patent Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PARTIAL METAL LAYERS |
US6814795B2 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2004-11-09 | Ferro Corporation | Hot melt conductor paste composition |
US20070107773A1 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2007-05-17 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Bifacial cell with extruded gridline metallization |
DE102006030822A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Metal for fabricating metal contact structure of solar cell, involves strengthening metallic contact structure in electrolytic bath |
-
2007
- 2007-12-07 DE DE102007058972A patent/DE102007058972A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-10-13 WO PCT/EP2008/008648 patent/WO2009071145A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-13 CN CN2008801197170A patent/CN101919063B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-13 KR KR1020107014778A patent/KR20100109919A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-10-13 US US12/734,952 patent/US20110059230A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-10-13 EP EP08856298A patent/EP2218106A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009071145A2 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11584139B2 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2023-02-21 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Printing apparatus and printing method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102007058972A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
CN101919063A (en) | 2010-12-15 |
CN101919063B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
WO2009071145A3 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
US20110059230A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
KR20100109919A (en) | 2010-10-11 |
WO2009071145A2 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
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