EP2215352B1 - Starter for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Starter for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2215352B1
EP2215352B1 EP08844131A EP08844131A EP2215352B1 EP 2215352 B1 EP2215352 B1 EP 2215352B1 EP 08844131 A EP08844131 A EP 08844131A EP 08844131 A EP08844131 A EP 08844131A EP 2215352 B1 EP2215352 B1 EP 2215352B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective element
starter
armature
housing
commutator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08844131A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2215352A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Stoeckl
Mathias Fein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to PL08844131T priority Critical patent/PL2215352T3/en
Publication of EP2215352A1 publication Critical patent/EP2215352A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2215352B1 publication Critical patent/EP2215352B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0859—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines specially adapted to the type of the starter motor or integrated into it
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2250/00—Problems related to engine starting or engine's starting apparatus
    • F02N2250/08—Lubrication of starters; Sealing means for starters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a starting device of an internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 on the one hand and a start-stop system and an internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 10 and 11 on the other hand.
  • a starting device for internal combustion engines of the type mentioned is from the utility model DE 297 04 299 U1 known.
  • the revving device for internal combustion engines disclosed therein has a starter motor arranged in a pole housing with a drive shaft which is operatively connected to an output shaft via a countershaft.
  • the output shaft is part of a Einspurgetriebes with a freewheel and a starter pinion.
  • the starting pinion is arranged axially displaceably on the output shaft and can be brought into engagement by axial displacement with a ring gear of a starter gear of the internal combustion engine.
  • the drive shaft of the Anharmmotors carries an armature and a commutator with carbon brushes, including power supply.
  • the drive shaft is mounted with its commutator end in a commutator, while it is received on its opposite side with a pin in an axial bore of the output shaft.
  • the drive shaft drives the output shaft via a planetary gear.
  • the output shaft has an external toothing, which drives planet gears, which in turn are in mesh with a fixed ring gear.
  • the planet gears are mounted on bolts which are pressed in an end flange of the output shaft. The end-side flange faces the starter motor.
  • the output shaft is behind the flange in a bearing bore stored an intermediate storage and its other end in a bearing of a housing which closes the pole housing and is clamped together with this by tie rods.
  • a particle entry from the region of the commutator is given to the region of the armature and subsequent components.
  • a seal is made by a Abdekusion and an additional sealing device.
  • the starting device according to the invention of an internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in claim 1 offers the advantage that the stator and / or the armature and subsequent components, in particular transmission, are protected from particle entry by means of a protective element.
  • Particles such as dust, coal dust and any media, can come from a commutator of the electric machine, in particular starter motor, or even from the outside environment of the starter. Since the abovementioned components and in particular the transmission are sensitive to a particle entry due to their design, an increased service life of the transmission and adjacent mechanical components can be achieved on the basis of the protective element.
  • the protective element is arranged in the region of the drive unit, in particular the stator and / or armature, in such a way that there is a separating effect with respect to the components mentioned relative to a working area of the commutator.
  • the present technical solution allows due to the positioning of the protective element and a resulting geometric structure thereof the use of a simple, that can be produced and applied with little effort, sealant, optionally in conjunction with a small modification effort existing components.
  • the protective element is designed as a guard ring, in particular with an I-shaped, L-shaped or U-shaped profile.
  • the most suitable protective element can be used.
  • the I-shaped design for example, a simple separating element can be realized, while the L-shaped protective element can be effective as a separating element.
  • the U-shaped configuration of the protective element also acts as a collecting container for harmful particles.
  • the protective element is arranged at the level of an anchor bandage on a housing.
  • the protective element is radially adapted so that an air gap remaining to the peripheral surface of the anchor bandage kept as small as possible, an existing air flow changed in terms of improved cooling effect and the entry of particles and media is reduced in the mechanics.
  • the protective element is arranged at the level of an end region of the armature on a permanent magnet and / or on the housing.
  • the protective element is adapted and placed so that the air gap between an inner circumferential surface of the protective element and the anchor as small as possible is or spaces between segments of the permanent magnet are closed.
  • the protective element is arranged on the anchor bandage, in particular on its circumference.
  • the protective element is radially adapted so that an air gap remaining to the peripheral surface of a pole housing kept as small as possible, an existing air flow changed in terms of improved cooling effect and the entry of particles and media is reduced in the mechanical field.
  • the protective element is arranged in intermediate spaces of the permanent magnet, wherein the intermediate spaces are closed and the air gap between the peripheral surface of the armature and the magnetic packet is reduced.
  • the protective element is arranged in the region of an end face of the anchor band and on the housing.
  • the protective element is positioned such that the air gap between the anchor band and the protective element in axial alignment and the air gap between the anchor bandage and the commutator are reduced in radial alignment.
  • an existing busbar in particular for six carbon brush holder, can be used as a protective element.
  • the protective element is provided with an additional contour and in particular at the level of the end region of the armature on the permanent magnet and / or on the housing is arranged.
  • a labyrinth or a container is given. Based on these constructive measures, the media flowing around can be collected and, if necessary, removed as part of a maintenance.
  • the protective element forms, together with a part of the housing, in particular pole housing, a labyrinth whose end opens into an outlet of the housing in order to discharge accumulated particles.
  • the equipment of a start-stop system with the starter device according to the invention since in such a system, the demands on the stability and the life of the associated transmission, due to more frequent starting operations, are increased.
  • the system automatically switches off the internal combustion engine whenever the vehicle is stopped and starts the internal combustion engine again without delay, as soon as the vehicle driver, for example, engaged a gear and / or the brake pedal is relieved.
  • FIG. 1 a starting device 10 of an internal combustion engine is shown.
  • Starting devices of this type are mainly used in motor vehicles used and as a starter, in particular thrust screwdriver starter called.
  • the main components include an electric machine 11 - also referred to as starter - with a stator 12 and an armature 13 respectively rotor comprehensive drive unit, a transmission 14, in particular planetary gear, and an engagement relay 15, in particular magnetic switch.
  • the electric machine 11 is connected to the transmission 14 by means of an armature shaft 16 in a mechanical operative connection.
  • the gear 14 is separated from the electric machine 11 by means of a separating element 17 adjoining the armature shaft 16, in particular a cover plate or also a cover plate.
  • a commutator 18 is placed on the armature shaft 16. It is essential here that a protective element 19 is arranged in an arrangement and working area of the drive unit, in particular stator 12 and / or armature 13, in such a way that a separating effect with respect to an arrangement and working area of the commutator 18 is provided.
  • the protective element 19 is located in a region according to FIG. 1 is bordered by a marking window 20.
  • the electric machine 11 When starting the internal combustion engine, the electric machine 11 is briefly connected by the magnetic switch via a gear drive with the internal combustion engine. Due to the typically high speed of the electric motor 11 and a torque required for the starting process, a large transmission ratio, in particular approximately 13: 1, is required.
  • the desired gear ratio is achieved by a pinion, in particular starter pinion, the starter and a comparatively large pinion of an associated flywheel to the starter pinion.
  • the starter pinion is axially displaceable axially on the armature shaft 16 and is brought by the magnetic switch or solenoid with the teeth of the flywheel in engagement. Following this, the electric motor 11 is then turned on by closing a contact switch, which is part of the magnetic switch or insert magnet.
  • the starter pinion is equipped with a freewheel, which prevents the started internal combustion engine on the still starter pinion geared in the Electric machine 11 drives at too high a speed and thereby damaged or destroyed.
  • Such starters generally have an electric motor, a series-wound motor or a permanent-magnet motor.
  • the electric machine 11 is an inner rotor whose armature 13 defines the inner part and whose stator 12 defines the outer part of the electric machine 11.
  • a coil, in particular armature winding, of the armature 13 is driven via the commutator 18, respectively commutator.
  • the commutator 18 provides via two fixed carbon brushes, which are pressed against a drum rotating together with the armature 13, an indirect line connection to the windings of the armature 13.
  • the surface of the drum is divided into segments isolated from each other.
  • the armature 13 has half as many windings as the commutator 18 is provided with segments. Each winding is connected at its ends with two opposing segments. Due to the special torque requirement and the current flow, the cross section between the segments and the associated carbon brushes is particularly wide. With four carbon brushes, two windings can be effective at the same time.
  • FIG. 2 a first embodiment of a formed with the annular protective element 19 and with a plate-shaped anchor bandage 21 seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 is shown in an enlarged detail view.
  • the protective element 19 is arranged as an add-on component on a housing 22, in particular pole housing.
  • the arrangement is carried out by the protective element 19 is fixed to the axial height of the anchor band 21.
  • the attachment of the protective element 19 to the housing 22 may, for example, by a joining process, in particular pressing, shrinking, deep drawing, welding, ultrasonic welding, gluing or the like, are made.
  • the protective element 19 has a base segment 19.1, which is provided with an opening for the anchor bandage 21, so that between the outer ring surface area of the anchor bandage 21 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19 a the arrangement and working areas of the Drive unit, in particular stator 12 and armature 13, and the commutator 18 separating execution is given.
  • FIG. 3 is a further embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 shown in an enlarged detail view.
  • the protective element 19 is in this case arranged directly on a permanent magnet of the stator 12 and on the housing 22. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the magnet or to the housing 22 can on the basis of the FIG. 2 listed joining processes take place.
  • the protective element 19 also has the base segment 19.1, which is provided with the opening for the armature 13 per se, so that between the outer annular surface of the armature 13 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19, the separation of the two areas of the drive unit and the commutator 18th he follows.
  • FIG. 4 an embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 is shown in an enlarged detail view.
  • the protective element 19 is arranged as an attachment component directly to the anchor bandage 21.
  • the arrangement is carried out by the protective element 19 is fixed to the axial height of the anchor band 21.
  • the attachment of the protective element 19 to the anchor bandage 21 can be performed by a joining process, in particular pressing, shrinking, deep drawing, welding, ultrasonic welding, gluing or the like.
  • the base segment 19.1 is after FIG. 4 provided with the opening for the anchor bandage 21, so that between the outer annular surface of the protective element 19 and the inner annular surface of the housing 22, the area separation is given leaving a residual gap.
  • FIG. 5 is a further embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 shown in an enlarged detail view.
  • the protective element 19 is arranged in the intermediate embodiment of the permanent magnet of the stator 12 and on the housing 22 according to the present embodiment variant. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the magnet or to the housing 22 can on the basis of the FIG. 2 listed joining processes take place.
  • the protective element 19 also has the base segment 19.1, which is provided with the opening for the armature 13 and in addition with recesses for magnet segments, so that between the outer annular surface of the armature 13 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19, the area separation is effective.
  • FIG. 6 an embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 is shown in an enlarged detail view.
  • the protective element 19 is fastened with its outer lateral surface to the housing 22 and arranged on an end face of the anchor bandage 21.
  • the attachment of the protective element 19 to the housing 22 may be based on the according to FIG. 2 listed joining processes take place.
  • the base segment 19.1 of the protective element 19 is hereby provided with the opening, which is, however, provided for the commutator 18, so that between the outer annular surface of the commutator 18 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19, the area separation is given with the remaining residual gap.
  • FIG. 7 is a further embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 shown in an enlarged detail view.
  • the protective element 19 is arranged directly on the permanent magnet of the stator 12 and on the housing 22. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the magnet or to the housing 22 can on the basis of the FIG. 2 listed joining processes take place.
  • the protective element 19 has, in addition to the base segment 19.1, an angular segment 19.2, wherein the breakthrough for the armature 13 is provided subsequent to the angular segment 19.2, so that the seal is formed between the outer annular surface of the armature 13 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19.
  • that forms Angular segment 19.2 with its annular geometry a container by means of which particles can be collected in the manner of a separator.
  • a combination with another protective element 19 is possible, in particular to influence the air flow so that the media and particles are collected efficiently.
  • the protective element 19 is arranged on the wall of the housing 22.
  • the attachment of the protective element 19 on the wall of the housing 22 can be carried out according to the joining processes listed above.
  • the protective element 19 has, in addition to the base segment 19.1, an additional segment 19.3 which is placed at the height of at least one wall opening 22.1 of the housing 22, so that a labyrinth-like particle separator is provided between the additional segment 19.3 and the housing wall.
  • an additionally arranged component, in particular protective element 19 or guard ring, in the boundary region between the stator 12 and the armature 13 and the commutator 18 prevents particles and / or media of all kinds in the gear 14, in particular planetary gear, and registered subsequent mechanical components which increases the life of said components.
  • the focus is placed on a reduction or cancellation of existing air gaps and transitions between the arrangement and working of the commutator 18 and the arrangement and working of the stator 12, the armature 13, the permanent magnet, the transmission 14 and the like.
  • the attachment of the protective element 19 to the various components of the starter device 10 can be produced by means of a snap closure, adhesive bond, by melting, pressing, by means of clamping, welding, vulcanization or by means of a Anspritzvorgangs and the like.
  • a particle entry can be reduced.
  • the protective element 19 can be straight, bent or executed with a combined geometry.
  • an additional sealing lip can be arranged on the protective element 19 or on the armature 13, on the anchor bandage 21 or on the commutator 18.
  • Both the paired components, such as the protective element 19 with the armature 13 or anchor bandage 21 or commutator 18, as the components in conjunction with the sealing lip can be designed to be abrading each other.
  • Suitable materials are both a one-component material, in particular steel or plastic, as well as a multi-component material into consideration.
  • a combination of the described embodiments with each other is possible in particular to influence the air flow so that the media and particles are deposited and / or discharged. Based on the aforementioned constructive measures the increased demands on the stability and the life in starting devices used gear is taken into account, which makes a positive impact especially in a start-stop system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Means For Warming Up And Starting Carburetors (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

A cranking device of an internal combustion engine includes an electric machine having a drive unit, which electric machine is in mechanical operative connection with a commutator by way of an armature shaft. A protective element is disposed in the region of the drive unit, particularly the stator and/or armature, in such a way that a separating effect is provided with respect to an operating region of the commutator.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Andrehvorrichtung einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmalen einerseits und ein Start-Stop-System sowie eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 10 beziehungsweise 11 genannten Merkmalen andererseits.The invention relates to a starting device of an internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 on the one hand and a start-stop system and an internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 10 and 11 on the other hand.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Eine Andrehvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der Gebrauchsmusterschrift DE 297 04 299 U1 bekannt. Die darin offenbarte Andrehvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen weist einen in einem Polgehäuse angeordneten Andrehmotor mit einer Antriebswelle auf, die über ein Vorgelege mit einer Abtriebswelle in Wirkverbindung steht. Die Abtriebswelle ist Teil eines Einspurgetriebes mit einem Freilauf und einem Andrehritzel. Das Andrehritzel ist auf der Abtriebswelle axial verschiebbar angeordnet und durch axiales Verschieben mit einem Zahnkranz eines Andrehgetriebes der Brennkraftmaschine in Eingriff bringbar.A starting device for internal combustion engines of the type mentioned is from the utility model DE 297 04 299 U1 known. The revving device for internal combustion engines disclosed therein has a starter motor arranged in a pole housing with a drive shaft which is operatively connected to an output shaft via a countershaft. The output shaft is part of a Einspurgetriebes with a freewheel and a starter pinion. The starting pinion is arranged axially displaceably on the output shaft and can be brought into engagement by axial displacement with a ring gear of a starter gear of the internal combustion engine.

Die Antriebswelle des Andrehmotors trägt einen Anker und einen Kommutator mit Kohlebürsten samt Stromzuführung. Die Antriebswelle ist mit ihrem kommutatorseitigen Ende in einem Kommutatorlager gelagert, während sie an ihrer gegenüberliegenden Seite mit einem Zapfen in einer Axialbohrung der Abtriebswelle aufgenommen ist. Die Antriebswelle treibt über ein Planetengetriebe die Abtriebswelle an. Zu diesem Zweck verfügt die Abtriebswelle über eine Außenverzahnung, welche Planetenräder antreibt, die wiederum mit einem feststehenden Hohlrad in Kämmeingriff stehen. Die Planetenräder sind auf Bolzen gelagert, die in einem endseitigen Flansch der Abtriebswelle eingepresst sind. Der endseitige Flansch ist dem Andrehmotor zugewandt. Die Abtriebswelle ist hinter dem Flansch in einer Lagerbohrung eines Zwischenlagers gelagert und ihr anderes Ende in einer Lagerstelle eines Gehäuses, welches das Polgehäuse verschließt und mit diesem durch Zuganker zusammengespannt ist. Allerdings ist bei einer derartigen Anordnung ein Partikeleintrag aus dem Bereich des Kommutators hin zu dem Bereich des Ankers und nachfolgender Komponenten gegeben. In DE 3131149 erfolgt eine Abdichtung durch eine Abdekscheibe und eine zusätzliche Abdichteinrichtung.The drive shaft of the Andrehmotors carries an armature and a commutator with carbon brushes, including power supply. The drive shaft is mounted with its commutator end in a commutator, while it is received on its opposite side with a pin in an axial bore of the output shaft. The drive shaft drives the output shaft via a planetary gear. For this purpose, the output shaft has an external toothing, which drives planet gears, which in turn are in mesh with a fixed ring gear. The planet gears are mounted on bolts which are pressed in an end flange of the output shaft. The end-side flange faces the starter motor. The output shaft is behind the flange in a bearing bore stored an intermediate storage and its other end in a bearing of a housing which closes the pole housing and is clamped together with this by tie rods. However, in such an arrangement, a particle entry from the region of the commutator is given to the region of the armature and subsequent components. In DE 3131149 a seal is made by a Abdekscheibe and an additional sealing device.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Andrehvorrichtung einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit den im Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen bietet demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass der Stator und/oder der Anker sowie nachfolgende Bauteile, insbesondere Getriebe, vor einem Partikeleintrag anhand eines Schutzelements geschützt sind. Partikel, wie beispielsweise Staub, Kohlestaub sowie beliebige Medien, können von einem Kommutator der elektrischen Maschine, insbesondere Andrehmotor, oder auch aus der äußeren Umgebung der Andrehvorrichtung stammen. Da die vorgenannten Bauteile und insbesondere das Getriebe bauartbedingt auf einen Partikeleintrag empfindlich reagiert, kann anhand des Schutzelements eine erhöhte Lebensdauer des Getriebes und benachbarter Mechanikkomponenten erzielt werden. Hierbei ist das Schutzelement im Bereich der Antriebseinheit, insbesondere Stator und/oder Anker, derart angeordnet ist, dass eine Separierungswirkung hinsichtlich der genannten Komponenten gegenüber einem Arbeitsbereich des Kommutators gegeben ist. Die vorliegende technische Lösung ermöglicht auf Grund der Positionierung des Schutzelements und einer sich daraus ergebenden geometrischen Struktur desselben den Einsatz eines einfachen, das heißt mit geringem Aufwand herstellbaren und anbringbaren, Dichtmittels, gegebenenfalls in Verbindung mit einem geringen Modifikationsaufwand bestehender Bauteile.The starting device according to the invention of an internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in claim 1 offers the advantage that the stator and / or the armature and subsequent components, in particular transmission, are protected from particle entry by means of a protective element. Particles, such as dust, coal dust and any media, can come from a commutator of the electric machine, in particular starter motor, or even from the outside environment of the starter. Since the abovementioned components and in particular the transmission are sensitive to a particle entry due to their design, an increased service life of the transmission and adjacent mechanical components can be achieved on the basis of the protective element. In this case, the protective element is arranged in the region of the drive unit, in particular the stator and / or armature, in such a way that there is a separating effect with respect to the components mentioned relative to a working area of the commutator. The present technical solution allows due to the positioning of the protective element and a resulting geometric structure thereof the use of a simple, that can be produced and applied with little effort, sealant, optionally in conjunction with a small modification effort existing components.

Daraus resultiert eine Abkapselung der Mechanikkomponenten vor Schadpartikeln oder auch eine Abscheidung derselben. Sowohl die Abkapselung als auch die Abscheidung bewirken in der Folge eine Barriere für Partikel, so dass die Lebensdauer und Qualität von im Getriebe vorhandenen Schmierstoffen erhöht werden kann. Weiterhin verringert sich der Materialverschleiß, insbesondere an Lagern, Buchsen und Getriebekomponenten, indem Partikel von diesen Bauteilen ferngehalten werden. Nicht zuletzt kann anhand einer Anpassung der Geometrie des Schutzelements eine günstigere Luftströmung bewirkt werden, was wiederum zu einer verbesserten Kühlung wärmeempfindlicher Bauteile führt. Sofern die Andrehvorrichtung mittels eines elektronischen Überwachungssystems auf Verschleiß und/oder auf Funktion und/oder auf Verschmutzungsgrad überwacht wird, erfolgt eine entsprechende Meldung, gegebenenfalls in Form einer Wartungsaufforderung, erst bei einer deutlich höheren Laufleistung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine.This results in an encapsulation of the mechanical components against harmful particles or even a deposition of the same. Both the encapsulation and the deposition consequently result in a barrier to particles, so that the service life and quality of lubricants present in the transmission can be increased. Furthermore, the material wear, especially on bearings, bushes and transmission components, by keeping particles away from these components become. Not least can be effected by adjusting the geometry of the protective element a more favorable air flow, which in turn leads to improved cooling of heat-sensitive components. If the starting device is monitored by means of an electronic monitoring system for wear and / or function and / or degree of contamination, a corresponding message, possibly in the form of a maintenance request, only at a much higher mileage of the internal combustion engine.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich durch die Merkmale der abhängigen Ansprüche.Advantageous developments emerge from the features of the dependent claims.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Schutzelement als Schutzring, insbesondere mit einem I-förmigen, L-förmigen oder U-förmigen Profil, ausgeführt ist. Hierbei kann je nach gewünschter Funktionsweise und nach baulicher Gegebenheit das geeignetste Schutzelement verwendet werden. Mit der I-förmigen Ausführung lässt sich beispielsweise ein einfaches Trennelement realisieren, während das L-förmige Schutzelement als Abscheideelement wirksam werden kann. Die U-förmige Ausgestaltung des Schutzelements wirkt zudem als Auffangbehältnis für Schadpartikel.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the protective element is designed as a guard ring, in particular with an I-shaped, L-shaped or U-shaped profile. Depending on the desired mode of operation and the structural conditions, the most suitable protective element can be used. With the I-shaped design, for example, a simple separating element can be realized, while the L-shaped protective element can be effective as a separating element. The U-shaped configuration of the protective element also acts as a collecting container for harmful particles.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Schutzelement auf Höhe einer Ankerbandage an einem Gehäuse angeordnet ist. Hierbei ist das Schutzelement radial so angepasst, dass ein zu der Umfangsfläche der Ankerbandage verbleibender Luftspalt möglichst klein gehalten, eine vorhandene Luftströmung im Sinne einer verbesserten Kühlwirkung verändert sowie der Eintrag von Partikeln und Medien in den Mechanikbereich verringert ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the protective element is arranged at the level of an anchor bandage on a housing. Here, the protective element is radially adapted so that an air gap remaining to the peripheral surface of the anchor bandage kept as small as possible, an existing air flow changed in terms of improved cooling effect and the entry of particles and media is reduced in the mechanics.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Schutzelement auf Höhe eines Endbereichs des Ankers an einem Permanentmagneten und/oder an dem Gehäuse angeordnet ist. Das Schutzelement ist dabei so angepasst und platziert, dass der Luftspalt zwischen einer inneren Mantelfläche des Schutzelements und dem Anker möglichst klein ist beziehungsweise Freiräume zwischen Segmenten des Permanentmagneten geschlossen sind.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the protective element is arranged at the level of an end region of the armature on a permanent magnet and / or on the housing. The protective element is adapted and placed so that the air gap between an inner circumferential surface of the protective element and the anchor as small as possible is or spaces between segments of the permanent magnet are closed.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Schutzelement an der Ankerbandage, insbesondere an deren Umfang, angeordnet ist. Hierbei ist das Schutzelement radial so angepasst, dass ein zu der Umfangsfläche eines Polgehäuses verbleibender Luftspalt möglichst klein gehalten, eine vorhandene Luftströmung im Sinne einer verbesserten Kühlwirkung verändert sowie der Eintrag von Partikeln und Medien in den Mechanikbereich verringert ist.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the protective element is arranged on the anchor bandage, in particular on its circumference. In this case, the protective element is radially adapted so that an air gap remaining to the peripheral surface of a pole housing kept as small as possible, an existing air flow changed in terms of improved cooling effect and the entry of particles and media is reduced in the mechanical field.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Schutzelement in Zwischenräumen des Permanentmagneten angeordnet ist, wobei die Zwischenräume verschlossen sind und der Luftspalt zwischen der Umfangsfläche des Ankers und dem Magnetpaket verringert ist.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the protective element is arranged in intermediate spaces of the permanent magnet, wherein the intermediate spaces are closed and the air gap between the peripheral surface of the armature and the magnetic packet is reduced.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Schutzelement im Bereich einer Stirnseite der Ankerbandage und an dem Gehäuse angeordnet ist. Hierbei ist das Schutzelement derart positioniert, dass der Luftspalt zwischen der Ankerbandage und dem Schutzelement in axialer Ausrichtung und der Luftspalt zwischen der Ankerbandage und dem Kommutator in radialer Ausrichtung verringert sind. Hierzu kann eine bereits vorhandene Stromschiene, insbesondere für sechs Kohlebürstenhalter, als Schutzelement eingesetzt werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the protective element is arranged in the region of an end face of the anchor band and on the housing. In this case, the protective element is positioned such that the air gap between the anchor band and the protective element in axial alignment and the air gap between the anchor bandage and the commutator are reduced in radial alignment. For this purpose, an existing busbar, in particular for six carbon brush holder, can be used as a protective element.

In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Schutzelement mit einer Zusatzkontur versehen und insbesondere auf Höhe des Endbereichs des Ankers an dem Permanentmagneten und/oder an dem Gehäuse angeordnet ist. Hierbei ist ein Labyrinth oder auch ein Behältnis gegeben. Anhand dieser konstruktiven Maßnahmen können umherströmende Medien gesammelt und gegebenenfalls im Zuge einer Wartung entfernt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the protective element is provided with an additional contour and in particular at the level of the end region of the armature on the permanent magnet and / or on the housing is arranged. Here, a labyrinth or a container is given. Based on these constructive measures, the media flowing around can be collected and, if necessary, removed as part of a maintenance.

In einem weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Schutzelement mit der Zusatzkontur im Bereich einerIn a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the protective element with the additional contour in the region of

Gehäuseöffnung angeordnet ist. Bei der hier vorliegenden Ausführung bildet das Schutzelement zusammen mit einem Teil des Gehäuses, insbesondere Polgehäuse, ein Labyrinth, dessen Ende in einen Auslass des Gehäuses mündet, um angesammelte Partikel auszutragen.Housing opening is arranged. In the present embodiment, the protective element forms, together with a part of the housing, in particular pole housing, a labyrinth whose end opens into an outlet of the housing in order to discharge accumulated particles.

Vorteilhaft ist auch die Ausstattung eines Start-Stop-Systems mit der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung, da bei einem derartigen System die Anforderungen an die Standfestigkeit und die Lebensdauer des zugehörigen Getriebes, bedingt durch häufigere Startvorgänge, erhöht sind. Das System schaltet die Verbrennungskraftmaschine immer dann automatisch aus, wenn das Fahrzeug angehalten wird und startet die Verbrennungskraftmaschine verzögerungsfrei erneut, sobald vom Fahrzeugfahrer beispielsweise ein Gang eingelegt und/oder das Bremspedal entlastet wird.Also advantageous is the equipment of a start-stop system with the starter device according to the invention, since in such a system, the demands on the stability and the life of the associated transmission, due to more frequent starting operations, are increased. The system automatically switches off the internal combustion engine whenever the vehicle is stopped and starts the internal combustion engine again without delay, as soon as the vehicle driver, for example, engaged a gear and / or the brake pedal is relieved.

Vorteilhaft ist es zudem, eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung beziehungsweise mit dem vorgenannten Start-Stop-System zu versehen, da dadurch zum einen eine noch zuverlässigere Komponente die Verbrennungskraftmaschine starten kann und sich zum anderen im innerstädtischen Fahrbetrieb eine beträchtliche Kraftstoffmenge einsparen lässt.It is also advantageous to provide an internal combustion engine with the starter device according to the invention or with the aforementioned start-stop system, as this can on the one hand start an even more reliable component of the internal combustion engine and can be saved on the other in urban driving a considerable amount of fuel.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Die Erfindung sowie vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen gemäß den Merkmalen der weiteren Ansprüche werden im Folgenden anhand der in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert, ohne dass insoweit eine Beschränkung der Erfindung erfolgt; diese umfasst vielmehr alle Abwandlungen, Änderungen und Äquivalente, die im Rahmen der Ansprüche möglich sind. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Andrehvorrichtung mit einem Planetengetriebe und mit einer elektrischen Andrehmaschine in einer Schnittdarstellung sowie mit einem Einrückrelais;
Figur 2
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung mit einem ringförmigen und an einem Gehäuse befestigten Schutzelement in einer Detailansicht;
Figur 3
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung mit einem ringförmigen und an einem Magnetpaket angeordneten Schutzelement in einer Detailansicht;
Figur 4
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung mit einem ringförmigen und an einer Ankerbandage befestigten Schutzelement in einer Detailansicht;
Figur 5
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung mit einem ringförmigen und in Zwischenräumen des Magnetpakets angeordneten Schutzelement in einer Detailansicht;
Figur 6
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung mit einem an dem Gehäuse befestigten, ringförmigen und eine Stirnseite der Ankerbandage abdeckenden Schutzelement in einer Detailansicht;
Figur 7
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung mit einem an dem Magnetpaket angeordneten, ringförmigen und ein Behältnis bildenden Schutzelement in einer Detailansicht; und
Figur 8
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Andrehvorrichtung mit einem an dem Gehäuse befestigten, ringförmigen und in der Art eines Abscheiders wirkenden Schutzelement in einer Detailansicht;
The invention and advantageous embodiments according to the features of the further claims are explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, without limiting the invention so far occurs; rather, it encompasses all modifications, changes and equivalents that are possible within the scope of the claims. Show it:
FIG. 1
a starting device with a planetary gear and with an electric starter in a sectional view and with an engagement relay;
FIG. 2
an embodiment of the starter device according to the invention with an annular and attached to a housing protective element in a detailed view;
FIG. 3
a further embodiment of the inventive starting device with an annular and arranged on a magnetic packet protection element in a detailed view;
FIG. 4
an embodiment of the starter device according to the invention with an annular and attached to an anchor bandage protection element in a detailed view;
FIG. 5
a further embodiment of the starter device according to the invention with an annular and arranged in spaces of the magnetic core protection element in a detailed view;
FIG. 6
an embodiment of the inventive starting device with an attached to the housing, annular and a front side of the anchor bandage covering protective element in a detailed view;
FIG. 7
a further embodiment of the inventive starting device with an arranged on the magnetic packet, annular and a container forming protective element in a detailed view; and
FIG. 8
an embodiment of the starter device according to the invention with an attached to the housing, annular and acting in the manner of a separator protective element in a detailed view;

Ausführungsform(en) der ErfindungEmbodiment (s) of the invention

In Figur 1 ist eine Andrehvorrichtung 10 einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine gezeigt. Andrehvorrichtungen dieser Art werden vorwiegend in Kraftfahrzeugen eingesetzt und als Starter, insbesondere Schub-Schraubtrieb-Starter, bezeichnet. Zu den Hauptkomponenten zählen eine elektrische Maschine 11 - auch als Andrehmaschine bezeichnet - mit einer einen Stator 12 und einen Anker 13 respektive Rotor umfassenden Antriebseinheit, ein Getriebe 14, insbesondere Planetengetriebe, und ein Einrückrelais 15, insbesondere Magnetschalter. Die elektrische Maschine 11 steht mit dem Getriebe 14 mittels einer Ankerwelle 16 in einer mechanischen Wirkverbindung. Das Getriebe 14 ist mittels eines an die Ankerwelle 16 angrenzenden Trennelements 17, insbesondere Abdeckplatte oder auch Abdeckscheibe, von der elektrischen Maschine 11 separiert. An einer der Getriebeseite gegenüberliegenden Seite ist auf der Ankerwelle 16 ein Kommutator 18 platziert. Wesentlich ist hierbei, dass ein Schutzelement 19 in einem Anordnungs- und Arbeitsbereich der Antriebseinheit, insbesondere Stators 12 und/oder Ankers 13, derart angeordnet ist, dass eine Separierungswirkung gegenüber einem Anordnungs- und Arbeitsbereich des Kommutators 18 gegeben ist. Das Schutzelement 19 befindet sich in einem Bereich, der gemäß Figur 1 von einem Markierungsfenster 20 eingefasst ist. Mit der vorliegenden technischen Lösung ist somit eine Anordnung geschaffen, bei der das Getriebe 14 und weitere Bauteile vor einem Partikel- oder auch Medieneintrag geschützt sind.In FIG. 1 a starting device 10 of an internal combustion engine is shown. Starting devices of this type are mainly used in motor vehicles used and as a starter, in particular thrust screwdriver starter called. The main components include an electric machine 11 - also referred to as starter - with a stator 12 and an armature 13 respectively rotor comprehensive drive unit, a transmission 14, in particular planetary gear, and an engagement relay 15, in particular magnetic switch. The electric machine 11 is connected to the transmission 14 by means of an armature shaft 16 in a mechanical operative connection. The gear 14 is separated from the electric machine 11 by means of a separating element 17 adjoining the armature shaft 16, in particular a cover plate or also a cover plate. On a side opposite the transmission side, a commutator 18 is placed on the armature shaft 16. It is essential here that a protective element 19 is arranged in an arrangement and working area of the drive unit, in particular stator 12 and / or armature 13, in such a way that a separating effect with respect to an arrangement and working area of the commutator 18 is provided. The protective element 19 is located in a region according to FIG. 1 is bordered by a marking window 20. With the present technical solution, an arrangement is thus created in which the transmission 14 and other components are protected against a particle or media entry.

Beim Startvorgang der Verbrennungskraftmaschine wird die elektrische Maschine 11 durch den Magnetschalter kurzzeitig über einen Zahnradtrieb mit der Verbrennungskraftmaschine verbunden. Auf Grund der typischerweise hohen Drehzahl des Elektromotors 11 und eines für den Startvorgang erforderlichen Drehmoments ist ein großes Übersetzungsverhältnis, insbesondere ca. 13 : 1, erforderlich. Das gewünschte Übersetzungsverhältnis wird durch ein Ritzel, insbesondere Starterritzel, am Anlasser und durch ein zu dem Starterritzel vergleichsweise großes Ritzel eines zugeordneten Schwungrades erreicht. Das Starterritzel ist auf der Ankerwelle 16 axial stufenlos verschiebbar und wird durch den Magnetschalter oder auch Elektromagneten mit der Verzahnung des Schwungrads in Eingriff gebracht. Im Anschluss daran wird dann der Elektromotor 11 durch das Schließen eines Kontaktschalters, der Teil des Magnetschalters respektive Einschiebemagneten ist, eingeschaltet. Das Starterritzel ist mit einem Freilauf ausgerüstet, der verhindert, dass die gestartete Verbrennungskraftmaschine über das noch eingespurte Starterritzel die elektrische Maschine 11 mit einer zu hohen Drehzahl antreibt und dadurch beschädigt oder zerstört. Derartige Starter weisen im Allgemeinen als elektrische Maschine einen Reihenschlussmotor oder einen permanenterregten Motor auf.When starting the internal combustion engine, the electric machine 11 is briefly connected by the magnetic switch via a gear drive with the internal combustion engine. Due to the typically high speed of the electric motor 11 and a torque required for the starting process, a large transmission ratio, in particular approximately 13: 1, is required. The desired gear ratio is achieved by a pinion, in particular starter pinion, the starter and a comparatively large pinion of an associated flywheel to the starter pinion. The starter pinion is axially displaceable axially on the armature shaft 16 and is brought by the magnetic switch or solenoid with the teeth of the flywheel in engagement. Following this, the electric motor 11 is then turned on by closing a contact switch, which is part of the magnetic switch or insert magnet. The starter pinion is equipped with a freewheel, which prevents the started internal combustion engine on the still starter pinion geared in the Electric machine 11 drives at too high a speed and thereby damaged or destroyed. Such starters generally have an electric motor, a series-wound motor or a permanent-magnet motor.

Bei der elektrischen Maschine 11 handelt es sich im vorliegenden Fall um einen Innenläufer, dessen Anker 13 den inneren Teil und dessen Stator 12 den äußeren Teil der elektrischen Maschine 11 definiert. Eine Spule, insbesondere Ankerwicklung, des Ankers 13 wird über den Kommutator 18 respektive Stromwender angesteuert. Der Kommutator 18 schafft über zwei feststehende Kohlebürsten, die gegen eine zusammen mit dem Anker 13 rotierende Trommel gedrückt werden, eine indirekte Leitungsverbindung zu den Wicklungen des Ankers 13. Die Oberfläche der Trommel ist in gegeneinander isolierte Segmente aufgeteilt. Wie bei einer Gleichstrom-Elektromaschine üblich, weist der Anker 13 halb so viele Wicklungen auf, wie der Kommutator 18 mit Segmenten versehen ist. Dabei ist jede Wicklung an ihren Enden mit zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Segmenten verbunden. Wegen der besonderen Anforderung an das Drehmoment und an den Stromfluss ist der Querschnitt zwischen den Segmenten und den zugeordneten Kohlebürsten besonders breit. Bei vier Kohlebürsten können zwei Wicklungen zur gleichen Zeit wirksam sein.In the present case, the electric machine 11 is an inner rotor whose armature 13 defines the inner part and whose stator 12 defines the outer part of the electric machine 11. A coil, in particular armature winding, of the armature 13 is driven via the commutator 18, respectively commutator. The commutator 18 provides via two fixed carbon brushes, which are pressed against a drum rotating together with the armature 13, an indirect line connection to the windings of the armature 13. The surface of the drum is divided into segments isolated from each other. As is usual with a DC electric machine, the armature 13 has half as many windings as the commutator 18 is provided with segments. Each winding is connected at its ends with two opposing segments. Due to the special torque requirement and the current flow, the cross section between the segments and the associated carbon brushes is particularly wide. With four carbon brushes, two windings can be effective at the same time.

Gemäß Figur 2 ist eine erste Ausgestaltung einer mit dem ringförmigen Schutzelement 19 und mit einer tellerförmigen Ankerbandage 21 gebildeten Dichtung respektive Kapselung innerhalb des Markierungsfensters 20 in einer vergrößerten Detailansicht gezeigt. Hierbei ist das Schutzelement 19 als Anbaukomponente an einem Gehäuse 22, insbesondere Polgehäuse, angeordnet. Die Anordnung erfolgt, indem das Schutzelement 19 auf axialer Höhe der Ankerbandage 21 befestigt ist. Die Befestigung des Schutzelements 19 an dem Gehäuse 22 kann beispielsweise durch einen Fügeprozess, insbesondere Aufpressen, Schrumpfen, Tiefziehen, Schweißen, Ultraschallschweißen, Verkleben oder dergleichen, vorgenommen werden. Das Schutzelement 19 weist ein Basissegment 19.1 auf, das mit einem Durchbruch für die Ankerbandage 21 versehen ist, so dass zwischen der äußeren Ringmantelfläche der Ankerbandage 21 und der inneren Ringmantelfläche des Schutzelements 19 ein die Anordnungs- und Arbeitsbereiche der Antriebseinheit, insbesondere Stator 12 und Anker 13, und des Kommutators 18 trennende Ausführung gegeben ist.According to FIG. 2 a first embodiment of a formed with the annular protective element 19 and with a plate-shaped anchor bandage 21 seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 is shown in an enlarged detail view. Here, the protective element 19 is arranged as an add-on component on a housing 22, in particular pole housing. The arrangement is carried out by the protective element 19 is fixed to the axial height of the anchor band 21. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the housing 22 may, for example, by a joining process, in particular pressing, shrinking, deep drawing, welding, ultrasonic welding, gluing or the like, are made. The protective element 19 has a base segment 19.1, which is provided with an opening for the anchor bandage 21, so that between the outer ring surface area of the anchor bandage 21 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19 a the arrangement and working areas of the Drive unit, in particular stator 12 and armature 13, and the commutator 18 separating execution is given.

Gemäß Figur 3 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Dichtung respektive Kapselung innerhalb des Markierungsfensters 20 in einer vergrößerten Detailansicht gezeigt. Das Schutzelement 19 ist hierbei unmittelbar an einem Dauermagneten des Stators 12 und an dem Gehäuse 22 angeordnet. Die Befestigung des Schutzelements 19 an dem Magneten beziehungsweise an dem Gehäuse 22 kann anhand der gemäß Figur 2 aufgeführten Fügeprozesse erfolgen. Das Schutzelement 19 weist ebenfalls das Basissegment 19.1 auf, welches mit dem Durchbruch für den Anker 13 an sich versehen ist, so dass zwischen der äußeren Ringmantelfläche des Ankers 13 und der inneren Ringmantelfläche des Schutzelements 19 die Separierung der beiden Bereiche der Antriebseinheit und des Kommutators 18 erfolgt.According to FIG. 3 is a further embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 shown in an enlarged detail view. The protective element 19 is in this case arranged directly on a permanent magnet of the stator 12 and on the housing 22. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the magnet or to the housing 22 can on the basis of the FIG. 2 listed joining processes take place. The protective element 19 also has the base segment 19.1, which is provided with the opening for the armature 13 per se, so that between the outer annular surface of the armature 13 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19, the separation of the two areas of the drive unit and the commutator 18th he follows.

Auch gemäß Figur 4 ist eine Ausgestaltung der Dichtung respektive Kapselung innerhalb des Markierungsfensters 20 in einer vergrößerten Detailansicht gezeigt. Das Schutzelement 19 ist als Anbaukomponente direkt an der Ankerbandage 21 angeordnet. Die Anordnung erfolgt, indem das Schutzelement 19 auf axialer Höhe der Ankerbandage 21 befestigt ist. Die Befestigung des Schutzelements 19 an der Ankerbandage 21 kann durch einen Fügeprozess, insbesondere Aufpressen, Schrumpfen, Tiefziehen, Schweißen, Ultraschallschweißen, Verkleben oder dergleichen, vorgenommen werden. Auch hierbei ist das Basissegment 19.1 nach Figur 4 mit dem Durchbruch für die Ankerbandage 21 versehen, so dass zwischen der äußeren Ringmantelfläche des Schutzelements 19 und der inneren Ringmantelfläche des Gehäuses 22 die Bereichstrennung unter Verbleib eines Restspalts gegeben ist.Also according to FIG. 4 an embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 is shown in an enlarged detail view. The protective element 19 is arranged as an attachment component directly to the anchor bandage 21. The arrangement is carried out by the protective element 19 is fixed to the axial height of the anchor band 21. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the anchor bandage 21 can be performed by a joining process, in particular pressing, shrinking, deep drawing, welding, ultrasonic welding, gluing or the like. Again, the base segment 19.1 is after FIG. 4 provided with the opening for the anchor bandage 21, so that between the outer annular surface of the protective element 19 and the inner annular surface of the housing 22, the area separation is given leaving a residual gap.

Gemäß Figur 5 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Dichtung respektive Kapselung innerhalb des Markierungsfensters 20 in einer vergrößerten Detailansicht gezeigt. Das Schutzelement 19 ist nach der vorliegenden Ausführungsvariante in Zwischenräumen des Dauermagneten des Stators 12 und an dem Gehäuse 22 angeordnet. Die Befestigung des Schutzelements 19 an dem Magneten beziehungsweise an dem Gehäuse 22 kann anhand der gemäß Figur 2 aufgeführten Fügeprozesse erfolgen. Das Schutzelement 19 weist ebenfalls das Basissegment 19.1 auf, welches mit dem Durchbruch für den Anker 13 und zusätzlich mit Aussparungen für Magnetsegmente versehen ist, so dass zwischen der äußeren Ringmantelfläche des Ankers 13 und der inneren Ringmantelfläche des Schutzelements 19 die Bereichsseparierung wirksam wird.According to FIG. 5 is a further embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 shown in an enlarged detail view. The protective element 19 is arranged in the intermediate embodiment of the permanent magnet of the stator 12 and on the housing 22 according to the present embodiment variant. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the magnet or to the housing 22 can on the basis of the FIG. 2 listed joining processes take place. The protective element 19 also has the base segment 19.1, which is provided with the opening for the armature 13 and in addition with recesses for magnet segments, so that between the outer annular surface of the armature 13 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19, the area separation is effective.

Gemäß Figur 6 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Dichtung respektive Kapselung innerhalb des Markierungsfensters 20 in einer vergrößerten Detailansicht gezeigt. Das Schutzelement 19 ist mit seiner äußeren Mantelfläche an dem Gehäuse 22 befestigt und an einer Stirnseite der Ankerbandage 21 angeordnet. Die Befestigung des Schutzelements 19 an dem Gehäuse 22 kann anhand der gemäß Figur 2 aufgeführten Fügeprozesse erfolgen. Als Schutzelement 19 kann eine vorhandene Stromschiene im Sinne einer Doppelfunktion eingesetzt werden. Das Basissegment 19.1 des Schutzelements 19 ist auch hierbei mit dem Durchbruch versehen, der allerdings für den Kommutator 18 vorgesehen ist, so dass zwischen der äußeren Ringmantelfläche des Kommutators 18 und der inneren Ringmantelfläche des Schutzelements 19 die Bereichstrennung mit dem verbleibenden Restspalt gegeben ist. Ein weiterer Restspalt ist zwischen der dem Anker 13 zugewandten Oberfläche des Schutzelements 19 und der Ankerbandage 21 gegeben. Insgesamt kann somit eine labyrinthartige Kapselung der Mechanikkomponenten gegenüber dem Kommutator 18 erzielt werden. Bei den Ausgestaltungen gemäß den Figuren 2 bis 6 erfolgt auf Grund der Dichtungs- respektive Kapselungswirkung des Schutzelements 19 eine Unterbindung der Luftströmung.According to FIG. 6 an embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 is shown in an enlarged detail view. The protective element 19 is fastened with its outer lateral surface to the housing 22 and arranged on an end face of the anchor bandage 21. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the housing 22 may be based on the according to FIG. 2 listed joining processes take place. As a protective element 19, an existing busbar can be used in the sense of a dual function. The base segment 19.1 of the protective element 19 is hereby provided with the opening, which is, however, provided for the commutator 18, so that between the outer annular surface of the commutator 18 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19, the area separation is given with the remaining residual gap. Another residual gap is provided between the armature 13 facing surface of the protective element 19 and the anchor band 21. Overall, therefore, a labyrinthine encapsulation of the mechanical components with respect to the commutator 18 can be achieved. In the embodiments according to the FIGS. 2 to 6 takes place due to the sealing or encapsulation effect of the protective element 19, a suppression of the air flow.

Gemäß Figur 7 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Dichtung respektive Kapselung innerhalb des Markierungsfensters 20 in einer vergrößerten Detailansicht gezeigt. Das Schutzelement 19 ist dabei unmittelbar an dem Dauermagneten des Stators 12 und an dem Gehäuse 22 angeordnet. Die Befestigung des Schutzelements 19 an dem Magneten beziehungsweise an dem Gehäuse 22 kann anhand der gemäß Figur 2 aufgeführten Fügeprozesse erfolgen. Das Schutzelement 19 weist neben dem Basissegment 19.1 ein Winkelsegment 19.2 auf, wobei im Anschluss an das Winkelsegment 19.2 der Durchbruch für den Anker 13 vorgesehen ist, so dass zwischen der äußeren Ringmantelfläche des Ankers 13 und der inneren Ringmantelfläche des Schutzelements 19 die Dichtung entsteht. Darüber hinaus bildet das Winkelsegment 19.2 mit seiner ringförmigen Geometrie ein Behältnis, mittels dem Partikel in der Art eines Abscheiders aufgefangen werden können. Eine Kombination mit einem weiteren Schutzelement 19 ist möglich, insbesondere um die Luftströmung so zu beeinflussen, dass die Medien und Partikel effizient gesammelt werden.According to FIG. 7 is a further embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 shown in an enlarged detail view. The protective element 19 is arranged directly on the permanent magnet of the stator 12 and on the housing 22. The attachment of the protective element 19 to the magnet or to the housing 22 can on the basis of the FIG. 2 listed joining processes take place. The protective element 19 has, in addition to the base segment 19.1, an angular segment 19.2, wherein the breakthrough for the armature 13 is provided subsequent to the angular segment 19.2, so that the seal is formed between the outer annular surface of the armature 13 and the inner annular surface of the protective element 19. In addition, that forms Angular segment 19.2 with its annular geometry a container by means of which particles can be collected in the manner of a separator. A combination with another protective element 19 is possible, in particular to influence the air flow so that the media and particles are collected efficiently.

Gemäß Figur 8 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Dichtung respektive Kapselung innerhalb des Markierungsfensters 20 in einer vergrößerten Detailansicht gezeigt. Das Schutzelement 19 ist dabei an der Wandung des Gehäuses 22 angeordnet. Die Befestigung des Schutzelements 19 an der Wandung des Gehäuses 22 kann entsprechend den vorab aufgeführten Fügeprozesse erfolgen. Das Schutzelement 19 weist ergänzend zu dem Basissegment 19.1 ein Zusatzsegment 19.3 auf, welches auf Höhe zumindest einer Wandungsöffnung 22.1 des Gehäuses 22 platziert ist, so dass zwischen dem Zusatzsegment 19.3 und der Gehäusewandung ein labyrinthartiger Partikelabscheider gegeben ist.According to FIG. 8 an embodiment of the seal or encapsulation within the marking window 20 is shown in an enlarged detail view. The protective element 19 is arranged on the wall of the housing 22. The attachment of the protective element 19 on the wall of the housing 22 can be carried out according to the joining processes listed above. The protective element 19 has, in addition to the base segment 19.1, an additional segment 19.3 which is placed at the height of at least one wall opening 22.1 of the housing 22, so that a labyrinth-like particle separator is provided between the additional segment 19.3 and the housing wall.

Zusammenfassend wird durch ein zusätzlich angeordnetes Bauteil, insbesondere Schutzelement 19 oder Schutzring, im Grenzbereich zwischen dem Stator 12 beziehungsweise dem Anker 13 und dem Kommutator 18 verhindert, dass Partikel und/oder Medien aller Art in das Getriebe 14, insbesondere Planetengetriebe, und nachfolgender Mechanikkomponenten eingetragen werden, wodurch sich die Lebensdauer besagter Komponenten erhöht. Hierbei wird der Fokus auf eine Verkleinerung oder Aufhebung bestehender Luftspalte und Übergänge zwischen dem Anordnungs-und Arbeitsbereich des Kommutators 18 und dem Anordnungs- und Arbeitsbereich des Stators 12, des Ankers 13, des Dauermagneten, des Getriebes 14 und dergleichen gelegt.In summary, by an additionally arranged component, in particular protective element 19 or guard ring, in the boundary region between the stator 12 and the armature 13 and the commutator 18 prevents particles and / or media of all kinds in the gear 14, in particular planetary gear, and registered subsequent mechanical components which increases the life of said components. Here, the focus is placed on a reduction or cancellation of existing air gaps and transitions between the arrangement and working of the commutator 18 and the arrangement and working of the stator 12, the armature 13, the permanent magnet, the transmission 14 and the like.

Die Befestigung des Schutzelements 19 an den verschiedenen Bauteilen der Andrehvorrichtung 10 kann mittels eines Schnappverschlusses, Klebeverbindung, mittels Aufschmelzen, Pressen, mittels einer Klemmung, Schweißverbindung, Aufvulkanisierung oder anhand eines Anspritzvorgangs und dergleichen hergestellt werden. Zusätzlich kann durch eine angepasste Länge des Schutzelements 19 hin zum Anker 13 beziehungsweise Kommutator 18 ein Partikeleintrag verringert werden. Generell kann das Schutzelement 19 gerade, gebogen oder mit einer kombinierten Geometrie ausgeführt sein. Auch ist eine Ausführung des Schutzelements 19 mit einer einem Lüfterrad ähnlichen Geometrie, mit einer welligen oder geschlitzten Form oder auch eine beliebige Kombination der vorgenannten Varianten vorsehbar, um die Luftströmung und/oder die Bauteilkühlung zu beeinflussen.The attachment of the protective element 19 to the various components of the starter device 10 can be produced by means of a snap closure, adhesive bond, by melting, pressing, by means of clamping, welding, vulcanization or by means of a Anspritzvorgangs and the like. In addition, by an adapted length of the protective element 19 toward the armature 13 or commutator 18, a particle entry can be reduced. In general, the protective element 19 can be straight, bent or executed with a combined geometry. Also, an embodiment of the protective element 19 with a fan-like geometry, with a wavy or slotted shape or any combination of the aforementioned variants vorsehbar to influence the air flow and / or component cooling.

Ferner kann an dem Schutzelement 19 respektive an dem Anker 13, an der Ankerbandage 21 oder an dem Kommutator 18 eine zusätzliche Dichtlippe angeordnet werden. Sowohl die paarweise zugeordneten Komponenten, wie das Schutzelement 19 mit dem Anker 13 oder Ankerbandage 21 oder Kommutator 18, als die Komponenten in Verbindung mit der Dichtlippe können aneinander schleifend ausgebildet sein. Als Materialien kommen sowohl ein Einkomponentenwerkstoff, insbesondere Stahl oder Kunststoff, als auch ein Mehrkomponentenwerkstoff in Betracht. Auch eine Kombination der beschriebenen Ausführungsvarianten untereinander ist möglich, um insbesondere die Luftströmung so zu beeinflussen, dass die Medien und Partikel abgeschieden und/oder ausgetragen werden. Anhand der vorgenannten konstruktiven Maßnahmen wird den gestiegenen Anforderungen an die Standfestigkeit und die Lebensdauer in Andrehvorrichtungen eingesetzter Getriebe Rechnung getragen, was sich insbesondere bei einem Start-Stop-System positiv bemerkbar macht.Furthermore, an additional sealing lip can be arranged on the protective element 19 or on the armature 13, on the anchor bandage 21 or on the commutator 18. Both the paired components, such as the protective element 19 with the armature 13 or anchor bandage 21 or commutator 18, as the components in conjunction with the sealing lip can be designed to be abrading each other. Suitable materials are both a one-component material, in particular steel or plastic, as well as a multi-component material into consideration. A combination of the described embodiments with each other is possible in particular to influence the air flow so that the media and particles are deposited and / or discharged. Based on the aforementioned constructive measures the increased demands on the stability and the life in starting devices used gear is taken into account, which makes a positive impact especially in a start-stop system.

Claims (7)

  1. Starter (10) for an internal combustion engine, having an electric machine (11) which has a drive unit (12; 13) and which is operatively connected in a mechanical fashion to a commutator (18) by means of an armature shaft (16), wherein a protective element (19) is arranged in the region of the drive unit in such a way that a barrier for particles is provided with respect to a working region of the commutator (18), characterized in that the protective element (19) is arranged at an axial height of an armature belt (21), wherein
    a) either the protective element (19) is arranged, as an attachment component, on a housing (22) and is adapted radially in such a way that an air gap which remains with respect to the circumferential face of the armature belt is kept as small as possible, or
    b) the protective element (19) is arranged directly, as an attachment component, on the armature belt (21) and is adapted radially in such a way that the division between the regions is provided between an outer annular lateral face of the protective element (19) and an inner annular lateral face of the housing (22), leaving a residual gap.
  2. Starter (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the protective element (19) is embodied as a protective ring with an I-shaped profile.
  3. Starter (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the protective element (19) is embodied as a protective ring with an L-shaped profile.
  4. Starter (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the protective element (19) is embodied as a protective ring with a U-shaped profile.
  5. Starter (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protective element (19) is provided with an additional contour, in particular an annular segment (19.2) and is arranged on the housing (22).
  6. Start/stop system, characterized by a starter (10) according to one of the preceding claims.
  7. Internal combustion engine, characterized by a starter (10) or by a start/stop system according to one of the preceding claims.
EP08844131A 2007-10-29 2008-10-27 Starter for an internal combustion engine Not-in-force EP2215352B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08844131T PL2215352T3 (en) 2007-10-29 2008-10-27 Starter for an internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007051595A DE102007051595A1 (en) 2007-10-29 2007-10-29 Starting device of an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2008/064514 WO2009056516A1 (en) 2007-10-29 2008-10-27 Starter for an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2215352A1 EP2215352A1 (en) 2010-08-11
EP2215352B1 true EP2215352B1 (en) 2011-09-14

Family

ID=40383906

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08844131A Not-in-force EP2215352B1 (en) 2007-10-29 2008-10-27 Starter for an internal combustion engine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8261713B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2215352B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5200110B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101842580B (en)
AT (1) ATE524653T1 (en)
DE (1) DE102007051595A1 (en)
PL (1) PL2215352T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2009056516A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011089373B4 (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-09-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brush holder assembly for a carbon brush

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3020771A (en) 1959-07-30 1962-02-13 Gen Motors Corp Engine starter
DE3131149A1 (en) * 1981-08-06 1983-02-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Starting device for internal-combustion engines
JPS62203534A (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-08 Nippon Denso Co Ltd Starter
JP2560707B2 (en) * 1987-01-14 1996-12-04 日本電装株式会社 Starter
JPH084635A (en) 1994-06-20 1996-01-09 Hitachi Ltd Speed reduction device for starter motor
JPH09203365A (en) * 1996-01-26 1997-08-05 Denso Corp Stator
JPH10252622A (en) * 1997-01-09 1998-09-22 Denso Corp Starter
JPH10252621A (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-22 Mitsuba Corp Draining structure of starter for engine
DE29704299U1 (en) 1997-03-10 1998-07-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 70469 Stuttgart Starting device for internal combustion engines
JP3645077B2 (en) 1997-11-07 2005-05-11 日野自動車株式会社 Automatic stop device and automatic start device for internal combustion engine
JP4222734B2 (en) * 2001-01-26 2009-02-12 株式会社デンソー Starter
US6454824B1 (en) 2001-05-25 2002-09-24 The Babcock & Wilcox Company CFB impact type particle collection elements attached to cooled supports
JP2003120482A (en) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-23 Denso Corp Starter
US20090133531A1 (en) 2004-10-20 2009-05-28 Hitoshi Ono Electric Starter Motor With Idle Gear
JP4487984B2 (en) 2005-09-13 2010-06-23 株式会社デンソー Starter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101842580B (en) 2012-10-31
JP2011501046A (en) 2011-01-06
CN101842580A (en) 2010-09-22
ATE524653T1 (en) 2011-09-15
EP2215352A1 (en) 2010-08-11
WO2009056516A1 (en) 2009-05-07
JP5200110B2 (en) 2013-05-15
PL2215352T3 (en) 2012-02-29
US8261713B2 (en) 2012-09-11
DE102007051595A1 (en) 2009-04-30
US20100307441A1 (en) 2010-12-09

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