EP2208857A2 - Adjustable ventilation flap - Google Patents

Abstract

The flap (5) has a frame (9) defining a ventilation opening, and a flap drive (8) for actuating flap elements (6). A control device is connected with a communication interface for controlling the drive based on control commands of a control center, and the interface is provided for data exchange with a control center. An integrated sensor (10) e.g. gas sensor, detects danger i.e. fire, within a structure e.g. traffic infrastructure such as road tunnel (1). The sensor is connected with the interface for transmitting sensor measured values to the control center. An independent claim is also included for a tunnel comprising air supply- and exhaust ducts.

Description

The invention relates to an adjustable ventilation flap for controllable extraction of contaminated air from buildings, in particular for smoke evacuation in a traffic system, in particular in a road tunnel, comprising a ventilation opening limiting frame, a damper actuator for the operation of flap elements, a control device for controlling the damper drive and a communication interface for exchanging data with a control center, wherein the control device is connected to the communication interface in order to control the damper drive in response to control commands of the control center.

The invention further relates to a ventilation system and a tunnel with a plurality of ventilation flaps.

One of the most important sources of danger in enclosed spaces with a limited number of escape routes, such as road or rail tunnels, passageways in subways or at airports, but also mine tunnels, are contaminants of the respiratory air. A typical example of such an atmospheric hazard is fire smoke, which can be both acutely toxic and asphyxiant, and also limits vision. To minimize such hazards as possible appropriate ventilation systems are required. These must ensure that visibility and air quality do not deteriorate in such a way that designated escape routes can no longer be reliably detected or used. In addition, rescue services as safe as possible access to the source of contamination, such as a fire, are made possible.

To meet these demands are used (smoke) exhaust systems. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of such withdrawal trays, the contaminated atmosphere by one or more controllable ventilation flap (s) in one aspirated separate exhaust duct. This type of extraction can be realized as part of a so-called transverse or semi-transverse ventilation, in which air is sucked through the suction duct even in normal operation, thereby ensuring the supply of fresh air in the building. Alternatively, it is possible and often advantageous to provide the extraction system exclusively for the rapid and efficient extraction of atmospheric contaminants and to provide the fresh air supply in normal operation by other measures, for example by longitudinal ventilation. In both forms, in the case of relatively long structures, as a rule, a plurality of the objective ventilation flaps are to be provided which, in the case of traffic tunnels, are distributed approximately uniformly over the length of the structure at intervals of typically 75 m to 150 m.

The use of such a withdrawal system with a variety of individually adjustable ventilation flaps allows, if necessary, a localization of the suction. If a danger, for example a fire, is detected, the ventilation flaps in the area of the danger point are opened by a higher-level control center, while all others are closed. According to the amount of air extracted locally, air now flows through the free tunnel cross-section, causing the atmospheric contamination to be rapidly withdrawn and replaced by non-loaded, breathable air.

For this highly efficient type of extraction, in addition to the installation of a corresponding number of individually adjustable ventilation flaps, it is absolutely necessary to monitor the affected structure with an appropriate sensor network. These sensors must be able to detect a corresponding hazard quickly, reliably and with sufficient spatial precision. State of the art here is the attachment of a plurality of individual hazard detectors, in particular Smoke and fire detectors, temperature sensors for monitoring the air temperature, monitoring cameras and / or measuring devices for the assessment of (air) turbidity, either alone or in any combination, at regular intervals in the building. These devices are usually quite elaborate designed to meet the various requirements such as for use in a tunnel. Thus, in the event of fire, no parts may fall on the road, all objects located in the tunnel must be able to withstand tunnel cleaning with brushes or high pressure, etc. The associated significant costs are one reason that, for example, in road tunnels such sensors currently only in relative large distances of typically 250 m to 500 m are attached.

In addition, all sensors, as well as all ventilation flaps, must be connected to the higher-level control technology via corresponding data and power supply lines, which for safety reasons are usually designed to be one or more redundant. Since the sensors, in particular for reasons of maintainability, are usually attached to the tunnel side walls, but the ventilation flaps are usually arranged in the tunnel ceiling, at least two different such strands of wire are required. At this the plurality of ventilation flaps and hazard detectors must be connected via separate supply and control lines and thus connected to the power supply or the control technology. Overall, this results in a high installation costs for such systems.

The present invention now aims to reduce the installation effort for such overall systems, to allow the installation of additional sensors and to simplify maintenance. At the same time, cost efficiency and safety should be increased.

To achieve this object, according to a first aspect of the invention, the adjustable ventilation flap of the type mentioned above substantially further developed such that the ventilation flap has at least one integrated sensor for detecting dangers in the building interior. The ventilation flap according to the invention can thus function simultaneously as a support for one or more sensors or sensor systems for security monitoring or hazard detection in addition to their function as an adjustable exhaust flap. Due to the fact that at least one sensor is integrated in the ventilation flap, the installation of the ventilation flaps also simultaneously places the sensor (s) accordingly. The number of each separately to be mounted units and the cables to be laid can be minimized. In addition to a reduction of the installation effort, this leads to an installation in a traffic system and in particular in the road tunnel to an optimal arrangement of the sensors, since the sensors, in particular smoke or fire detectors are installed together with the ventilation flaps in the tunnel ceiling, where an optimal detection of the from the fire rising smoke is guaranteed.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the at least one integrated sensor for transmitting sensor measured values to the control center is connected to the communication interface of the ventilation flap. Advantageously, the at least one integrated sensor is connected to the communication interface via at least one measurement value processing and / or evaluation circuit. If necessary, the sensors, together with the associated measured value recording and evaluation electronics, are not only mechanically integrated in the ventilation flap but also in terms of data technology. If, as corresponds to a further preferred development, the at least one integrated Sensor is powered via the power supply connection of the ventilation flap, is also a power supply integration of the sensor (s) ensured.

Overall, this makes it possible to connect the at least one integrated sensor via the existing energy or data interfaces of the ventilation flap with the tunnel control technology, in particular the control center. As a significant advantage of the arrangement according to the invention thereby reduces the installation cost by at least 50% compared to conventional systems.

A preferred embodiment provides that the at least one integrated sensor comprises at least one smoke and / or fire detector.

A further preferred embodiment provides that the at least one integrated sensor comprises at least one gas sensor, in particular for toxic and / or asphyxiant or in flammable or explosive gases in admixture with air. The at least one smoke and / or fire detector or gas sensor can preferably be designed as an extractive gas sensor, the air inlet and outlet are preferably in each case in communication with the interior of the building.

A further preferred embodiment provides that the at least one integrated sensor comprises at least one temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is preferably arranged and designed for measuring the temperature of the air in the interior of the building, the air sucked through the ventilation flap and / or the ventilation flap.

A further preferred embodiment provides that the at least one integrated sensor has at least one imaging element Sensor, preferably a digital camera, has. The sensor data of the at least one imaging sensor can in this case preferably be supplied to a computer-aided image processing or evaluation circuit.

Said sensors, namely smoke and / or fire detectors, temperature sensors, imaging sensors and other sensors known to those skilled in the art can of course be used in combination according to the respective requirements.

With regard to the integration of the at least one sensor in the ventilation flap must be provided for a sufficient protection of sensitive parts against heat. In this context, an embodiment is advantageous in which the Meßwertaufbereitungs- and / or -auswerteschaltung and / or the computer-aided Bildverarbeitungs- or -auswerteschaltung for protection against heat from a heat protection hood covered or arranged in a thermally insulated housing.

The flap elements are preferably formed by pivotable lamellae extending in the ventilation opening.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a ventilation system is proposed with a plurality of ventilation flaps according to the invention for controllable extraction of contaminated air from buildings, in particular for smoke evacuation in a traffic system, in particular in a road tunnel, and a control center, wherein the ventilation flaps over a data and power supply line the control unit are connected, via which the power supply and control of the damper drive and the transmission of the measured values of the at least one integrated sensor takes place. The ventilation flaps preferably each have a communication interface for common connection of the respective damper drive and the respective one at least one integrated sensor to the data and power supply line.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a tunnel, in particular road or rail tunnel, proposed, which is provided with at least one ventilation flap according to the invention, wherein the tunnel has parallel, separated by a wall supply and exhaust air ducts and the flap elements and the at least one integrated Sensor of the ventilation flap in the region of the exhaust duct and the Meßwertaufbereitungs- and / or -auswerteschaltung the at least one integrated sensor are arranged in the supply air duct. In the case of an extractive gas sensor, the air inlet and outlet of the extractive gas sensor are preferably arranged in the region of the exhaust air duct, and a measuring cell of the extractive gas sensor is preferably arranged in the supply air duct.

• Fig. 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Lüftungsklappe mit integrierter Sensorik in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform für den Einsatz in einem Straßen- oder Schienentunnel mit einem vom Verkehrsraum durch eine Zwischendecke getrennten Abzugskanal, in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben.
• Fig. 2 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lüftungsklappe mit extraktiver Gas- und/oder Rauchsensorik in einer Anwendung analog Fig. 1, in einer Ansicht von unten.
• Fig. 3 zeigt eine Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 in einer vertikalen Schnittansicht.
• Fig. 4 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Lüftungsklappe in einer weitergebildeten Ausführungsform mit extraktiver Gas- und/oder Rauchsensorik, einem Temperatursensor zur Messung der Lufttemperatur sowie einem Open-Path Gassensor zur Messung atmosphärischer Schadstoffe und/oder der Lüfttrübung, in einer Detailansicht von unten.
• Fig. 5 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Lüftungsklappe mit integrierter Sensorik in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform für einen Straßen- oder Schienentunnel mit parallel geführten Frischluft- und Abluftkanälen, in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown schematically in the drawing.

• Fig. 1 shows a ventilation flap according to the invention with integrated sensors in a preferred embodiment for use in a road or rail tunnel with a separate from the traffic space through a false ceiling culvert, in a perspective view from above.
• Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the ventilation flap according to the invention with extractive gas and / or smoke sensor in an analog application Fig. 1 in a view from below.
• Fig. 3 shows an embodiment according to Fig. 2 in a vertical sectional view.
• Fig. 4 shows a ventilation flap according to the invention in a further developed embodiment with extractive gas and / or smoke sensors, a temperature sensor for measuring the air temperature and an open-path gas sensor for measuring atmospheric pollutants and / or the Hüfttrübung, in a detailed view from below.
• Fig. 5 shows a ventilation flap according to the invention with integrated sensors in a preferred embodiment for a road or rail tunnel with parallel outgoing fresh air and exhaust air ducts, in a perspective view from above.

In Fig. 1 is a tunnel 1 shown schematically, in which a partition wall 2 separates the traffic area 3 from the exhaust duct 4. In an opening of the partition wall 2, a ventilation flap 5 is inserted. The ventilation flap 5 consists of a flap, which can be designed as a flap element 6 or, for example, as one or more row (s) of parallel operated flap elements 6, namely lamellae, a mechanical coupling 7 to a drive 8 and a constructive mostly in the Drive 8 integrated, drive control for the implementation of commands of the control system in a specific flap position and a communication module for communication with the control technology. The flap elements 6 are installed in a stable frame 9, which at the same time allows installation in the corresponding opening in the partition wall 2 between the traffic space 3 of the tunnel 1 and the exhaust duct 4. For practical reasons, in particular with regard to a simpler installation, the control, communication module and drive 8 of the ventilation flap 5 are often placed on the same frame 9.

The remaining space next to and below damper drive and control 8 will attach one or more sensors or sensor systems 10, as well as the electronics for data acquisition and evaluation of the sensors 10 used. The power supply for the sensors 10 takes place in the proposed embodiment, either directly or after interposition of a corresponding electrical converter, via the power supply of the ventilation flap 5. Analogously, the data of the sensors 10 are first transferred to the communication interface of the ventilation flap 5 and from there via the Data connection line 11 of the vent cap 5, via which the control signals for the flap elements 6 are transmitted, connected to the data bus 12 of the tunnel and in consequence of the control center. The sensors 10 are thus functionally completely integrated into the ventilation flap 5.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a modified embodiment, wherein for the same parts in Fig. 1 used reference numerals have been retained. In this embodiment, an extractive gas or smoke sensor is provided, the inlet and outlet openings are denoted by 13 and 14. In this case, air is sucked through the inlet opening 13, usually tempered to avoid condensation of humidity, and fed to a corresponding measuring cell, in which one or more parameters are determined. In particular, scattered light methods are used for the detection of smoke. For the detection of relevant gases or classes of gases, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides (NOx) or hydrocarbons (methane, etc.), optical transmission measurements at corresponding absorption wavelengths of the respective analytes, in particular in the infrared (IR), are preferably carried out at this point. and / or ultraviolet (UV), and / or electrochemical gas sensors used as measuring cells. All such sensor principles are available in a number of embodiments for different analytes as single or multi-parameter sensors. A particular advantage of the invention Arrangement is here that the integration of the sensor in the ventilation flap allows to keep the length of the connecting lines between inlet port 13 and measuring cell short. This minimizes line losses and response times.

Important for extractive gas sensors is to keep the gas flow through the sensor as constant as possible. For this purpose, it is advantageous to return the gas to the inside of the tunnel after the measurement through the outlet opening 14. This arrangement of a differential pressure-free extractive gas sensor system ensures that the amount of gas is determined only by the set flow rate, but not by any pressure gradient between gas inlet and outlet.

Fig. 4 shows a further modified embodiment, in which the ventilation flap 5 also has at least one temperature sensor 15 for measuring the air temperature and / or the temperature of the ventilation flap 5 itself. For the measurement of the air temperature, this temperature sensor can be designed either as an independent element or integrated into the suction of an extractive gas sensor.

Other advantageously usable and integrable sensors for hazard detection include ionization smoke detectors for fire detection, sensors for measuring air turbidity and so-called open-path gas sensors for measuring gases or gas components by means of optical light attenuation at characteristic wavelengths. An open-path gas sensor is shown schematically in Fig. 4 shown. In such a gas sensor, which is based mostly on the principle of non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) or UV absorption measurement, is typically emanated from an emitter element 16 sequentially radiation having specific wavelengths, which is detected by a detector element 17. From the ratio of light attenuation at different Wavelengths results according to the principle of differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) the concentration of the gas or gases.

In Fig. 5 is a system with parallel, separated by a wall 18, supply and exhaust air ducts 20 and 19, wherein the ventilation flap 23 is necessarily installed in the exhaust duct 19. In contrast to systems with only one withdrawal channel ( Fig. 1 - 4th ) it may be useful now to move the drive 21 of the vent door 23 and all the more sensitive parts 22 of the sensors on the other side of the wall 18 in the supply air duct 20 for the supply of fresh air. Although associated with a higher installation effort, this embodiment has the advantage that the sensor electronics and other sensitive components in case of fire are not directly exposed to the hot combustion gases. On the exhaust air side are in this embodiment thus only correspondingly stable components, such as the inlet and outlet ports 13,14 of the extractive gas sensor, which are connected via corresponding lines and fire-resistant passages in the wall 18 with the actual sensor measuring cell.

In a further advantageous development, which is not shown in more detail, the ventilation flap serves as a cost-effective carrier platform for the use of cameras as imaging optical sensors. For this purpose, preferably a window or a dome made of an optically transparent, thermally stable material, such as quartz glass or alumina hermetically sealed in the frame. Behind this transparent protection is then the camera. This optically transparent protective device allows simple, inexpensive digital cameras to be used without separate encapsulation. The transmission of the image data, like the transmission of all sensor data of this ventilation flap, takes place via the communication interface the ventilation flap to the common data bus and on to the control center. There, the images can be visualized on a screen and / or fed to automated image processing.

Overall, the invention has a number of practical advantages. The first advantage of the embodiment of a ventilation flap according to the invention lies in the possibility of simpler and thus less expensive installation of the overall system. Preferably, the ventilation flap, complete assembled assembled, adjusted and tested sensors, ready to install and installed on site in the appropriate prepared opening. Since the energy supply and the data interface of the sensors preferably take place via the corresponding connections of the ventilation flap, only a single connection to the supply and communication line is required for the flap and all integrated sensors. Without increasing the installation effort for the installation of the flap, the invention thus saves the entire expense of on-site installation of the sensors, as well as all structural measures that are required for the conventional installation of sensors in a tunnel.

Another advantage that directly affects safety is the positioning of the sensors. Ventilation flaps are usefully placed so that an expected atmospheric contamination can be quickly and efficiently removed. In the case of a primary "fire" hazard scenario, the ventilation flaps are usually located in the ceiling in order to efficiently extract the hot, rising smoke. The installation of the sensors in a ventilation flap in the tunnel ceiling thus ensures optimum detection of rising from the fire smoke. In contrast, it was common in conventional smoke evacuators, the smoke or fire detectors to install on the tunnel wall, where an early fire or smoke detection is not readily ensured. On the other hand, if the air extraction is used, for example, to prevent the accumulation of heavy gases near the bottom, for example in mines, the corresponding flaps are usually mounted near the floor in side walls or channels. In any case, it is ensured by integrating the sensors according to the invention into the ventilation flap that, with the installation of the ventilation flaps, at the same time the sensors for hazard detection are also placed in order to detect a danger quickly and reliably. A faulty mounting of the sensors is practically impossible.

Another important practical advantage relates to the required design of the sensors. For use in traffic tunnels, it is imperative that such components withstand temperatures of several hundred degrees Celsius over several hours, without falling parts and fall into the interior of the tunnel. In addition, all arranged inside the tunnel elements can withstand the usual tunnel cleaning procedures, such as high pressure or brush cleaning, without being damaged. This requires appropriate measures, such as housing in metal housing appropriate protection class.

The integration of the sensors into the ventilation flap according to the invention reduces this expense significantly. Ventilation dampers must already be designed in such a way that they comply with all relevant regulations regarding temperature and fire resistance and can be cleaned by all common methods of tunnel cleaning. Due to the installation of sensors there is no additional effort. At the same time, the integration of the sensors into the ventilation flap enables sensors or embodiments of sensors used as stand-alone devices would not meet the requirements. The full requirements for stability now apply only to those elements that are in direct contact with the interior of the tunnel, such as the inlet and outlet openings of extractive gas or smoke sensors, the actual temperature sensor or the external components of optical Open -Path gas sensor elements. All other components, in particular the sensitive measuring and evaluation electronics, are adequately protected against influences from the interior of the tunnel by the frame of the ventilation flap for normal operation. This significantly reduces the execution requirements and thus the cost of such sensors and monitoring systems. In addition, the sensors are effectively protected against accidental (for example, as a result of collision with the tunnel wall) and / or intentional (eg, vandalism, sabotage) damage by installing in typically inaccessible ventilation flaps.

A fourth significant advantage of the arrangement according to the invention relates to the maintenance. Sensors, including all common smoke and fire detectors, require regular safety checks, recalibrations, etc. The current installation of the sensors on the tunnel walls requires at least partial blockage of the tunnel, which leads to delays and corresponding direct and indirect costs in traffic tunnels. As a result of the construction proposed here, the maintenance of the sensors is to a great extent not carried out by the traffic side of the tunnel, but rather by the side of the exhaust air duct. As a result, the subject invention makes it possible for the first time to carry out such work without or with minimized disruption of normal operation.

Together, these four primary advantages of the arrangement according to the invention, that such systems for the extraction of atmospheric Contaminations in purchase and operation in comparison to the prior art can be realized significantly cheaper or retrofitted. In addition, the invention makes it possible to integrate corresponding sensors in each individual ventilation flap. This immediately increases the safety in such equipped buildings.

In terms of application technology, the principle according to the invention can be used very flexibly. Virtually all known and established sensor principles for the field of application can be integrated into a ventilation flap without further problems in the manner described. The selection of the sensors can thus be made flexibly according to the specific needs of each object.

For traffic tunnels of primary interest are sensors for the detection of smoke or fires as well as toxic and / or flammable or explosive substances. As already mentioned, so-called extractive sensors are particularly advantageous.

Despite the shielding of the sensitive parts of the different sensors against influences from the traffic space of the tunnel, it is generally advantageous to protect the internal sensor parts, in particular the sensitive electronics, against the exhaust air. For this purpose, these are encapsulated, preferably analogous to the drive motor including control and communication module, in a corresponding enclosure. In particular, when used in permanently flowed in or exhaust air ducts, it may be advantageous to match the outer shape of these enclosures to each other and to design aerodynamic considerations.

In an arrangement in which the sensor is arranged in the exhaust duct, as in Fig. 1 shown, it can be useful and be advantageous to further develop this encapsulation to the effect that it at least temporary protection against heat, as it occurs, for example, as a result of a nearby fire or the extraction of hot combustion gases through the vent. For this purpose, in particular a corresponding thermal insulation and / or corresponding thermal masses of the housing of the sensors into consideration. The advantage of such a development of the arrangement according to the invention is that the sensors in case of fire over a much longer period than usual remain functional and thus can provide essential data on the course of the fire.

Claims (17)

Adjustable ventilation flap (5) for controllable extraction of contaminated air from structures, in particular for smoke evacuation in a traffic installation, in particular in a road tunnel (1), comprising a frame (9) delimiting a ventilation opening, a flap drive (8) for actuating flap elements (6 ), a control device for controlling the damper drive (8) and a communication interface for data exchange with a control center, the control device being connected to the communication interface in order to control the damper drive (8) in response to control commands of the control center, characterized in that the Ventilation flap (5) has at least one integrated sensor (10) for detecting dangers in the building interior. Ventilation flap according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one integrated sensor (10) for transmitting sensor measured values to the control center is connected to the communication interface. Ventilation flap according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one integrated sensor (10) via at least one Meßwertaufbereitungs- and / or -auswerteschaltung connected to the communication interface. Ventilation flap according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the ventilation flap (5) has a power supply connection, via which the at least one integrated sensor (10) and the damper drive (8) are supplied with energy. Ventilation flap according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one integrated sensor (10) comprises at least one smoke and / or fire detector. Ventilation flap according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least one integrated sensor (10) comprises at least one gas sensor, in particular for toxic and / or asphyxiant or in mixture with air flammable or explosive gases. Ventilation flap according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the at least one smoke and / or fire detector or gas sensor is designed as an extractive gas sensor, the air inlet and outlet (13,14) are preferably in each case in communication with the interior of the building. Ventilation flap according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one integrated sensor comprises at least one temperature sensor (15). Ventilation flap according to claim 8, characterized in that the temperature sensor (15) for measuring the temperature of the air inside the building, the air sucked through the ventilation flap (5) and / or the ventilation flap (5) is arranged and formed. Ventilation flap according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one integrated sensor (10) has at least one imaging sensor, preferably a digital camera. Ventilation flap according to claim 10, characterized in that the sensor data of the at least one imaging sensor a computer-aided Bildverarbeitungs- or -auswerteschaltung are supplied. Ventilation flap according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the Meßwertaufbereitungs- and / or -auswerteschaltung and / or the computer-based Bildverarbeitungs- or -auswerteschaltung for protection against heat from a heat protection hood covered or arranged in a thermally insulated housing. Ventilation flap according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the flap elements (6) are formed by extending in the ventilation opening pivotable blades. Ventilation system with a plurality of ventilation flaps according to one of claims 1 to 13 for the controllable extraction of contaminated air from buildings, in particular for smoke evacuation in a traffic system, in particular in a road tunnel (1), and a control center, wherein the ventilation flaps (5) via a data and power supply line (12) are connected to the control center, via which the power supply and control of the damper drive (8) and the transmission of the measured values of the at least one integrated sensor (10). Ventilation system according to claim 14, characterized in that the ventilation flaps (5) each have a communication interface for common connection of the respective damper drive (8) and the respective at least one integrated sensor (10) to the data and power supply line (12). Tunnel with at least one ventilation flap according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the tunnel (1) has parallel, by a wall (18) separate supply and exhaust air ducts (19,20) and the flap elements (6) and the at least one integrated Sensor in the region of the exhaust duct (19) and the Meßwertaufbereitungs- and / or -auswerteschaltung the at least one integrated sensor in the supply air duct (20) are arranged. Tunnel according to claim 16, wherein in the case of an extractive gas sensor, the air inlet and outlet (13,14) of the extractive gas sensor in the region of the exhaust duct (19) are arranged and a measuring cell of the extractive gas sensor in the supply air duct (20) is arranged.

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