EP2206876B1 - Tête de forage pour machine de forage - Google Patents

Tête de forage pour machine de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2206876B1
EP2206876B1 EP09179620A EP09179620A EP2206876B1 EP 2206876 B1 EP2206876 B1 EP 2206876B1 EP 09179620 A EP09179620 A EP 09179620A EP 09179620 A EP09179620 A EP 09179620A EP 2206876 B1 EP2206876 B1 EP 2206876B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boring
face
head
ferrule
shoe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09179620A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2206876A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Marc Sabatie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Original Assignee
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soletanche Freyssinet SA filed Critical Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Publication of EP2206876A1 publication Critical patent/EP2206876A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2206876B1 publication Critical patent/EP2206876B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/062—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft rotating inside a non-rotating guide travelling with the shaft
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
    • E21B7/201—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes with helical conveying means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1093—Devices for supporting, advancing or orientating the machine or the tool-carrier
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/112—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drilling head for a drilling machine, a drilling machine using said head and tunnel digging equipment using said drilling machine.
  • the invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to the drilling of small-sized tunnels and more particularly to the drilling of blind cells with a diameter of about 700 mm to 750 mm or more generally less than one meter intended in particular for the underground storage of waste in which the containers must be interposed.
  • a first object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine drill head of the type mentioned above which effectively makes it possible to carry out a correction of the drilling trajectory in all directions and which can operate with or without the use of tubes. sinking.
  • the drill head comprises four adjustment pads angularly offset by 90 degrees.
  • the displacement means are cylinders, each jack being associated with a setting pad and being controllable.
  • the drill head is characterized in that said flared shape of the first portion of the shell is substantially a frustoconical surface portion, in that the sliding face of each pad is substantially frustoconical and in that the face contacting each pad in the form of a cylindrical surface portion whose generatrices are substantially parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft to come into contact with the wall of the borehole or a sinking tube.
  • the drilling head is characterized in that said rotating shaft is provided on its outer face with a blade in the form of a helix for transferring the cuttings.
  • the drilling head is characterized in that the outer edge of said blade is shaped in the form of said outer ring.
  • a second object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine using a drill head of the type mentioned above.
  • the drilling machine is characterized in that it comprises a drill head comprising all or some of the features set out above and an extension connected to the second end of the outer shell of the drill head by a rigid connection.
  • the drilling machine is characterized in that said transmission shaft is provided with an outer surface of a helical blade.
  • a third object of the invention is to provide a tunnel digging equipment which implements a drilling machine of the type comprising all or part of the characteristics listed above.
  • the equipment is characterized in that, in the active position, the contact face of said adjustment pad (s) is in contact with the internal face of said sinking tubes.
  • FIG. 1 the set of blind tunneling equipment according to a first embodiment of the invention will be described.
  • cylindrical steel rods 10 installed in the tunnel 12 as it is drilled and a drilling machine 14 consisting essentially of a drill head 16 and an extension 18.
  • L all of the equipment furthermore comprises means for exerting a thrust on the drilling machine, these means being of standard type and not being represented on the machine.
  • Thrust means preferably include the motor for rotating the cutting head of the drilling machine.
  • the drilling head 16 consists essentially of a cylindrical outer shell 20 which comprises a flared end portion 22, preferably in the form of a truncated cone, the diameter of which increases as it approaches the end of the head. and a cylindrical shell of substantially constant diameter 24, these two ferrule portions 22 and 24 being welded together.
  • the end of the ferrule 20 has a diameter D 0 .
  • the drilling head 16 also comprises a rotary cutting head 26 essentially constituted, as best shown by figure 2 by three arms respectively offset by 120 degrees referenced 28a, 28b and 28c and by a hub 30.
  • the arms 28a to 28c are provided with cutting tools or peaks such as 32.
  • the end of the arms is also equipped with a pivoting portion 34 mounted to rotate about the axis 36 relative to the end of the arm.
  • This rotary part is also equipped with cutting tools 38.
  • the cutting tools 38 mounted on the rotating parts 34 make it possible to increase the cutting diameter when the rotary part 34 is in the active position to carry out an effective diameter drilling D 0 .
  • the piece 34 can be brought into the retracted position.
  • the hub 30 of the rotary cutting head 26 is integral with the end 40a of a rotation shaft 40 whose geometric axis X, X 'is substantially coincident with that of the ferrule 20.
  • the shaft 40 is equipped with a helical blade 42 whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than that of the corresponding part of the shell 20.
  • the blade portion 42a has a diameter external which is decreasing while in the ferrule portion 24, the blade portion 42b has a substantially constant outer diameter.
  • the drill head is equipped with guide pads mounted outside the flared portion 22 of the outer shell 20 of the drill head which is frustoconical preference.
  • the drill head has four pads offset by 90 degrees and referenced 44a, 44b, etc., only the pads 44a and 44b being visible on the figure 4 , skates 44b and 44c being visible on the figure 1 .
  • Each pad 44 has an outer contact face 46 and an inner sliding face 48.
  • Each pad 44 generally forms a wedge-shaped piece.
  • each pad 44 has the shape of a cylindrical surface portion which slides on a piece 45 fixed on the flared portion 22 of the shell 20 and the contact face 46 of each pad has the shape of a cylindrical surface portion having substantially the same diameter as that of the tunnel or the borehole to be produced.
  • the insert 45 has an outer surface 47 in the form of a cylindrical surface portion.
  • a groove-rib system 49 allows the translational guidance of the pad 44.
  • Each pad 44 is associated with a control cylinder 50, these cylinders being preferably hydraulic.
  • the body 50a of each pad is secured to the outer face of the portion 24 of the outer shell by a pivot axis 52.
  • the free end of the rod 50b of the jack 50 is secured to the rear portion of the pad 44 which is associated, more specifically, the end of the rod 50b is integral with the pad via a hinge pin 53.
  • the pad 44 associated with it can be slid along the outer face of the flared portion 22 of the shell and thus modify the diameter of the cylindrical surface portion containing the face of the shell. contact 46 of the pad relative to the axis of the shell, this diameter then being greater than D 0 .
  • the displacement of the pad can therefore allow the drilling head to be offset from the drilling direction.
  • each guide pad 44a to 44d is in contact with the inner face of the sinking tube 10. It is thus understood that each pad in the active position is “wedged" between the outer face of the flared portion 22 of the ferrule and the sinking tube. Thus, the eccentricity of the cutting head relative to the axis of the trajectory followed by the drilling head can be very effectively obtained before the introduction of the correction. On the other hand, it is understood that when no correction is necessary, the pads 44a to 44d are brought into a recessed position in which they are of course inactive and arranged inside a cylinder of diameter D 0 .
  • the function of the flared portion 22 of the outer shell 20 of the drill head is to refocus towards the axis of the shaft of the cutting head the debris cut by the tools 32 of the cutting head 26
  • This debris is driven towards the rear of the drill head by the blade 42a secured to the outer face of the rotary drive shaft 40.
  • This debris is then driven by the portion 42b of the helical blade in the portion cylindrical 24 of the outer shell which guides the debris.
  • the drilling machine comprises not only the drill head 16 but also an extension 14.
  • the extension 14 consists essentially of an outer cylindrical tube 52, the front end 52a is preferably provided with a rigid fastening flange on the rear end 24a of the portion 24 of the ferrule of the drill head. There is thus a rigid connection between the extension 18 and the drilling head 16, the cylindrical tube 52 constituting an extension of the cylindrical portion 24 of the ferrule of the drill head and having the same diameter as the latter.
  • the extension 18 also comprises a rotation shaft 54 whose front end 54a is rotationally integral with the rear end 40a of the rotation shaft 40. Thus, there is a continuity of the rotation.
  • the transmission shaft 54 is equipped on its outer face with a helical blade 56 whose external diameter is substantially equal to that of the outer cylindrical tube 52.
  • the rotation of the transmission shaft 54 with its external blade 56 thus causes the transfer of the debris towards the rear of the drilling machine, this debris finally being conveyed by the assembly constituted by the blades 42 and 56 of the rotary shafts 40 and 54.
  • the extension 18 comprises a increasing number of extension elements as the tunnel is drilled.
  • the extension 18 is also equipped with radial guide pads 60 and 62.
  • radial guide pads 60 and 62 Preferably, there are three guide pads 60 shifted 120 degrees and three guide pads 62 also shifted 120 degrees.
  • These guide pads attached to the arm end are supported by their outer face 60a, 62a on the inner face of the sinking tubes 10. These pads 60 and 62 thus serve to maintain the centering of the extension 18 relative to the already drilled tunnel portion.
  • the drilling head is equipped with a reference target 70 preferably mounted on the outer face of the cylindrical portion 24 of the outer ring to control the drilling direction with respect to the desired theoretical direction.
  • This target is coupled with a laser beam emitted by a laser source preferably mounted on the pushing equipment.
  • the comparison between the effective direction provided by the target 70 with the theoretical direction of drilling makes it possible to develop an error signal which will be used to conveniently control the jacks 50 in order to introduce the correction of trajectory corresponding to the error. raised effectively.
  • the total length of the drilling machine is of the order of 2 meters, which makes it possible to drill blind holes from a well for setting up the small-sized drilling machine. typically 3 meters.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a drilling machine 14 used without driving tube.
  • the structure of the machine 14 is exactly the same as that of the machine 14 shown on the Figures 1 to 4 .
  • the only difference lies in the fact that the guide pads 44 act directly on the tunnel wall during drilling. Thanks to the wedge effect and to the particular structure of the contact face 46 of the shoes 44a to 44d, the same quality of guidance is obtained, that is to say the possibility of correcting trajectory errors that with the drilling machine 14.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
EP09179620A 2008-12-23 2009-12-17 Tête de forage pour machine de forage Not-in-force EP2206876B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0859024A FR2940347B1 (fr) 2008-12-23 2008-12-23 Tete de forage pour machine de forage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2206876A1 EP2206876A1 (fr) 2010-07-14
EP2206876B1 true EP2206876B1 (fr) 2011-09-21

Family

ID=40852543

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09179620A Not-in-force EP2206876B1 (fr) 2008-12-23 2009-12-17 Tête de forage pour machine de forage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2206876B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE525548T1 (es)
ES (1) ES2374206T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2940347B1 (es)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104763712B (zh) * 2015-03-19 2017-05-17 地质矿产廊坊聚力岩土工程科技开发公司 一种自推进自涨紧固定机构
EP3388620B1 (de) * 2017-04-12 2019-09-11 Herrenknecht AG Bohrvorrichtung und verfahren zum erstellen einer bohrung im boden

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1364478A (en) * 1971-09-23 1974-08-21 Hughes Tool Co Tunnel boring machine
US4059163A (en) * 1976-08-16 1977-11-22 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Mine drilling apparatus and method
US5931239A (en) * 1995-05-19 1999-08-03 Telejet Technologies, Inc. Adjustable stabilizer for directional drilling
FR2780753B1 (fr) * 1998-07-03 2000-08-25 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif et methode de controle de la trajectoire d'un forage
JP3690946B2 (ja) * 1999-09-09 2005-08-31 株式会社小松製作所 小口径推進機
US6607045B2 (en) * 2001-10-10 2003-08-19 Donald Beyerl Steering apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2940347A1 (fr) 2010-06-25
ES2374206T3 (es) 2012-02-14
EP2206876A1 (fr) 2010-07-14
ATE525548T1 (de) 2011-10-15
FR2940347B1 (fr) 2011-01-21

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