EP2204547B1 - Außenring und Verfahren zum Schweissen einer Leitschaufel auf diesem Außenring - Google Patents

Außenring und Verfahren zum Schweissen einer Leitschaufel auf diesem Außenring Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2204547B1
EP2204547B1 EP08173011.1A EP08173011A EP2204547B1 EP 2204547 B1 EP2204547 B1 EP 2204547B1 EP 08173011 A EP08173011 A EP 08173011A EP 2204547 B1 EP2204547 B1 EP 2204547B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shroud
platform
outline
opening
segment
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EP08173011.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2204547A1 (de
Inventor
Gabriel Turi
Guy Biemar
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Safran Aero Boosters SA
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Techspace Aero SA
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Priority to EP08173011.1A priority Critical patent/EP2204547B1/de
Priority to CA2688882A priority patent/CA2688882C/fr
Priority to US12/648,836 priority patent/US8430629B2/en
Publication of EP2204547A1 publication Critical patent/EP2204547A1/de
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Publication of EP2204547B1 publication Critical patent/EP2204547B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/042—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector fixing blades to stators
    • F01D9/044—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector fixing blades to stators permanently, e.g. by welding, brazing, casting or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outer shell of a rectifier stage (or stator stage) of a turbomachine such as a turbojet or turboprop, the shell forming a housing supporting series of vanes between which are arranged series of vanes movable in rotation about a longitudinal axis, in particular for an axial compressor or a turbine used in an aviation turbojet engine.
  • the axis of the turbomachine is the axis of rotation of the rotor of the turbomachine.
  • the axial direction corresponds to the direction of the axis of the turbomachine and a radial direction is a direction perpendicular to this axis.
  • an axial plane is a plane containing the axis of the turbomachine, a transverse plane is a plane perpendicular to this axis and a radial plane is a plane perpendicular to the other two.
  • the adjectives "inside” and “outside” are used with reference to a radial direction so that the portion or the (radially) inner face of an element is closer to the axis of the turbomachine than the part or the outer (radially) face of the same element.
  • the present invention also relates to an assembly for a rectifying stage of an axial compressor, comprising an outer shell and at least one fixed blade, an axial compressor operating at low or high pressure comprising such an assembly and the turbomachine comprising such an axial compressor, a turbine comprising such an assembly and the turbomachine comprising such a turbine.
  • the invention also relates to a rectifier stage for an axial compressor comprising at least one assembly as presented above, an axial compressor comprising such a rectifier stage and a turbomachine comprising such an axial compressor, a turbine comprising such a rectifier stage. and the turbine engine comprising such a turbine.
  • the present invention relates to the method of mounting by welding between an outer shell and the top of at least one fixed blade.
  • This outer shell forms a portion of the radially outer limit of the aerodynamic vein along which the air circulates in one of the rectifier stages of the compressor or the turbine of a turbomachine.
  • this connection between the vanes and the outer ring is formed by fastening elements with threaded parts, such as threaded rods and bolts, as described in the document EP 1801357 .
  • the document US 5474419 in particular plans to weld the tops of the blades fixed in openings through the outer shell and having a complementary shape with the top of the blades.
  • the present invention aims to provide a solution to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular offering the possibility of not meeting the aforementioned problems inherent in threaded fastening techniques or the implementation of a welding throughout the thickness of the outer shell.
  • an outer shell for the rectifier stage according to claim 1 is provided.
  • the first contour of a first part / part surrounds the second contour of a second part / part, this means, unless otherwise stated, that the second contour is inscribed in the first contour with a gap separating the first contour of the second contour, which contours are thus at a distance from one another.
  • the platform is simple and consists of an outer portion.
  • the portion recess is formed of a portion of the body of the blade (outer section) and the connection area between the body of the blade and the platform.
  • the platform is dual.
  • the platform comprises an outer portion forming the end of the top and, in addition, an inner portion forming part of the embedding portion and connecting the outer portion to the remainder of the blade, the outline of the outer portion surrounding, in radial projection, the outline of the inner portion.
  • the blade is permanently mounted on the outer shell by forming a welded connection between the contour of the outer portion of an opening and the contour of the outer portion of the platform.
  • This solution also has the additional advantage of allowing, in addition, not having to use a specific piece called "beam stop” which usually has the role of preventing the welding beam from thermally affecting the rest of the body. 'dawn. Indeed, according to the invention, it is the inner wall zone of the outer shell which is located between two openings which plays this role.
  • the offset, in radial projection, between the contour of the outer portion of an opening of the outer shell and the contour of the inner portion of the same opening defines a heel at the inner wall zone of the outer shell, which has the bearing surface directed towards the outer portion of the opening and against which an inner face of the platform is supported.
  • the rectifier stage 2 (2 ', 2 “, 2”', 2 “) has an outer shell 5 (5 ', 5 “, 5"', 5 “”) and an inner shell 4 (4 ', 4 “, 4"', 4 “”) concentric about the axis of symmetry and rotation X-X', between which is mounted a series of vanes 6 (6 ', 6 ", 6"', 6 “").
  • the blade 6 is connected by its foot to the inner shell 4 and its top 62 to the outer shell 5, the body 61 of the blade extending between the foot and the summit 62.
  • the body 61 of the blade is extended by a platform 621 via a connection zone 623 in the form of a connecting radius.
  • the average planes of the platform 621 and the body 61 are orthogonal to each other.
  • the outline of the platform 621 has the form of a quadrilateral, more precisely of a parallelogram, and in particular of a rectangle whose length is oriented parallel to the width of the body 61 of the blade and whose width is oriented perpendicularly to the axial direction XX 'of the shell 5 (or the turbomachine).
  • the outline of the platform 621 is in the form of a bean, i.e. a generally curved shape with an almost constant width over most of the longitudinal extent of the platform 621.
  • This platform 621 constitutes an outer portion 621a forming the end of the top 62 of the blade 6, and has a substantially flat outer face which preferably takes up the radius of curvature of the outer face of the outer shell 5.
  • Such a platform 621 is carried out by conventional techniques of forging a blank of the entire blade 6 and subsequent grinding by machining.
  • the outer shell 5 has openings 51 aligned transversely, each of the openings 51 passing through the wall of the outer shell from one side to the other to receive the top 62 of a blade 6 fixed as previously presented.
  • the openings 51 are generally elongate in a direction close to that of the axis X-X '.
  • each opening 51 has an outer section 51a opening on the outer face of the outer shell 5 and an inner section 51b opening on the inner face of the outer shell 5 (downwards on the outer shell 5).
  • figures 2 , 4 and 5 are figures 2 , 4 and 5 ).
  • the outer portion 51a and the inner portion 51b are connected by a bearing face 51c facing the outer portion 51a of the opening 51.
  • the outer portion 51a of the opening 51 forms a recess housing the platform 621 consisting of the outer portion 621a.
  • the inner portion 51b of the opening 51 delimits a passage housing the corresponding embedding portion of the blade which is formed, in the case of this first embodiment, of the connection zone 623 and the outer portion 611 of the body 61 of dawn 6.
  • the outline of the outer portion 51a has the shape of a regular polygon, in particular a quadrilateral , including a rectangle ( figure 4 ), or the shape of a bean ( figure 5 ).
  • these contours are of identical shape with relatively close dimensions, the outline of the outer portion 51a of the opening 51 being slightly wider than the contour of the platform 621 to accommodate the latter.
  • the outer wall area 53 of the shell 5 extends between the outer sections 51a of the openings 51.
  • the contour of the inner section 51b has a shape similar to that of the contour of the section, in a radial plane, of the body 61 of the blade, namely a bean form.
  • the thickness in the radial direction of the platform 621 substantially corresponds to the depth of the recess formed by the outer portion 51a of the opening 51.
  • the thickness of the platform 621 it is possible for the thickness of the platform 621 to have a thickness smaller or greater than the depth of the outer section 51a of the opening 51, provided that a greater part of the thickness of the platform 621 is accommodated in the outer portion 51a of the opening 51, and this to allow the realization of a welded connection sufficiently strong mechanically.
  • the platform 621 of the blades 6 is double or staged.
  • the platform 621 comprises an outer portion 621a, forming the end of the top 62 of the blade 6, and an inner portion 621b connecting the outer portion 621a to the remainder of the blade 6, the contour of the outer portion 621a surrounding, in radial projection, the outline of the inner portion 621b.
  • the outer portion 621a of the platform 621 is housed in the outer section 51a of an opening 51 of the shell and the inner portion 621b of the platform 621 is housed in the inner section 51b of the same opening 51 so that the inner face 621c of the outer portion 621a of the platform 621 bears against the bearing face 51c of the opening 51 of the ferrule 5.
  • connection zone 623 connects the body of the blade 6 to the inner portion 621b of the platform 621.
  • the inner portion 51b of the opening 51 defines a passage housing the corresponding embedding portion of the blade which is formed, in the case of this second embodiment, the inner portion 621b of the platform 621.
  • the inner portion 621b of the platform 621 is only housed, without special connection, in the inner portion 51b of the opening 51, with a support between the inner face 621c of the outer portion 621a and the bearing face 51c of the inner wall zone 52 of the ferrule.
  • the outline of the inner portion 51b of the opening 51 has the shape of a regular polygon, in particular a quadrilateral, in particular a rectangle (see figure 6 ), or the shape of a bean (case not shown).
  • the outer and inner portions 51a and 51b of the opening 51 and the outer and inner portions 621a 621b of the platform 621 are in the form of a rectangle, but this second embodiment, in which the platform is double, also applies. if other forms are used, including another form of regular polygon, in particular a quadrilateral, or a form of bean.
  • the thickness, in the radial direction, of the outer portion 621a of the platform 621 is a little larger than the depth of the recess formed by the outer portion 51a of the opening 51.
  • the thickness of the outer portion 621a of the platform 621 is substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the depth of the outer section 51a of the opening 51, provided that a major part of the thickness of the outer portion 621a of the platform 621 is housed in the outer portion 51a of the opening 51, and this to allow the realization of a welded connection sufficiently mechanically resistant.
  • the inner portion 621b of the platform 621 has a thickness, in radial direction, which is substantially equal to the thickness of the inner portion 51b of the opening 51.
  • the internal ferrule face 5 and the inner face of the inner portion 621b of the platform 621 are in the circumferential extension of one another.
  • FIG 8 presenting an alternative embodiment of the figure 6 for which the contours of the outer sections 51a and 51b inner opening 51 and the outlines of the outer portions 621a and 621b interior of the platform 621 have rounded corners.
  • the outer and inner portions 51a and 51b of the opening 51 and the outer and inner portions 621a 621b of the platform 621 are in the form of a rectangle, but this variant also applies if other shapes are used, in particular another regular polygon shape, especially a quadrilateral, or a form of bean.
  • the thickness of the outer portion 621a of the platform 621 has a thickness a little larger than the depth of the outer portion 51a of the opening 51.
  • the outer portions 51a of the openings 51 define, on the outer face, an annular housing.
  • the bearing faces 51c of two adjacent openings 51 are in the extension of one another and there is no longer an outer wall zone 53 between two openings 51.
  • This variant allows the implantation of a maximum number of blades 6 in each rectifier stage while ensuring a high strength of the connection between the ferrule 5 and each fixed blade 6.
  • the weld line extends along the edges of the outer portion 621a of the platforms 621 of two adjacent blades 6.
  • the outer portion 621a of the platform 62 (which constitutes the entire platform in the first embodiment) has a thickness smaller than that of the opening 51 of the outer shell 5: this is the recessed portion located just in below the outer portion 621a of the platform 62 (connection zone 623 and outer portion 611 of the body 61 of the blade 6 for the first embodiment and inner portion 621b of the platform 621 for the second embodiment) which fills the inner section 51b of the platform 51.
  • This is possible because the contour of the outer section 51a of the platform 51 surrounds the contour of the inner section 51b of the platform 51. In this way, the underside of the outer portion 621a of the platform 62 comes against the bearing face 51c.
  • Welding can be achieved by any available welding technique, including electron beam welding, welding laser (such as high power CO2) or TIG arc welding.
  • the shell 5 does not include any other hole than the openings 51 for mounting the blades 6, since, according to the invention, a welded connection is used between the outer shell 5 and the blades 6, and not a bolted or riveted connection.
  • the weld bead is formed on the outer face of the shell by connecting the edge of the outer portion of the opening 51 to the contour of the platform 621.
  • At least a major part of the thickness of the platform 621 housed in the outer portion 51a of an opening 51 of the ferrule 5 and / or the thickness of the platform 621 is equal to or greater than the thickness of the outer section 51a of an opening 51 of the ferrule 5.
  • the contour of the platform 621 surrounds the contour of the body 61 of the blade 6. In this way, as the radial projection of the outer portion 621a of the platform is removed from the body 61 of the blade 6, this body 61 is not in the direction of the welding beam and then the weld line that is created.
  • this arrangement makes it possible, because the weld bead is, in a radial projection, outside the contour of the blade 6, to be able to perform non-destructive checks of the X-ray weld seam whose image is not hindered by the presence of dawn 6.
  • the weld bead has a certain length, which makes it possible to distribute the forces to which it is subjected on a larger surface whereas it is a zone weakened by the weld which generates a degradation of the properties mechanical.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Außenring (5) für die Leitstufe einer Turbomaschine, wobei der Ring eine Symmetrie- und Rotationsachse (X-X') aufweist, wobei der Ring eine Reihe von quer ausgerichteten Öffnungen (51) umfasst, die geeignet sind, die Spitze (62) von Leitschaufeln (6) aufzunehmen, die eine Plattform (621) umfasst, welche geeignet ist, in eine der Öffnungen (51) einzudringen, um die Montage jeder Leitschaufel (6) durch Schweißen zwischen dem Rand einer Öffnung (51) und der Kontur der Plattform (621) zu ermöglichen, wobei jede Öffnung (51) einen an der Innenseite des Rings (5) ausmündenden Innenabschnitt (51 b) und einen eine Vertiefung bildenden und an der Außenseite des Rings ausmündenden Außenabschnitt (51a) umfasst, wobei in radialer Projektion die Kontur des Außenabschnitts (51 a) mit einem gewissen Abstand die Kontur des Innenabschnitts (51 b) unter Begrenzen einer dem Außenabschnitt (51 a) zugewandten Auflagefläche (51 c) umgibt, wobei der Ring keine weitere Bohrung für die Montage der Schaufeln umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontur des Außenabschnitts (51 a) die Form eines Vierecks, insbesondere eines Rechtecks aufweist.
  2. Außenring (5) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontur des Innenabschnitts (51 b) die Form eines regelmäßigen Vielecks, insbesondere eines Vierecks, vor allem eines Rechtecks, oder die Form einer Bohne aufweist.
  3. Außenring (5) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenabschnitte (51 a) der Öffnungen (51) auf der Außenseite eine ringförmige Aufnahme (51) dadurch begrenzen, dass die Auflageflächen (51 c) von zwei benachbarten Öffnungen (51) in der Verlängerung voneinander liegen.
  4. Außenring (5) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontur des Außenabschnitts (51a) abgerundete Ecken aufweist.
  5. Anordnung für eine Leitstufe einer Turbomaschine, umfassend:
    - einen Außenring (5) nach Anspruch 1 und
    - wenigstens eine Leitschaufel (6) die einen Fuß und eine Spitze (62) umfasst, zwischen denen der Körper (61) der Schaufel (6) verläuft, der durch einen Einlassteil mit der Spitze verbunden ist, wobei die Spitze (62) eine nicht durchbohrte Plattform (621) umfasst, die vor dem Schweißschritt in einer der Öffnungen (51) aufgenommen wird, so dass eine Innenseite der Plattform (621) an der Auflagefläche (51 c) des Rings (5) in Anlage ist, wobei die Kontur der Plattform (621) eine mit derjenigen der Kontur der Öffnung (51) identische Form aufweist.
  6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein Großteil der Dicke der Plattform (621) in dem Außenabschnitt (51 a) einer Öffnung des Rings (5) aufgenommen ist.
  7. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke der Plattform (621) gleich der oder größer als die Dicke des Außenabschnitts (51 a) einer Öffnung (51) des Rings (5) ist.
  8. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Plattform (621) einen Außenteil (621 a), der das Ende der Spitze bildet, sowie einen Innenteil (621 b), der zu dem Einlassteil gehört und den Außenteil (621 a) mit dem Rest der Schaufel (6) verbindet, umfasst, wobei die Kontur des Außenteils (621 a) die Kontur des Innenteils (621 b) umgibt, wobei der Außenteil (621 a) der Plattform in dem Außenabschnitt (51a) einer Öffnung des Rings (5) aufgenommen ist und der Innenteil (621 b) der Plattform in dem Innenabschnitt (51 b) der gleichen Öffnung aufgenommen ist, so dass die Innenseite des Außenteils (621 a) der Plattform (621) an der Auflagefläche des Rings (5) in Anlage ist.
  9. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in radialer Projektion die Kontur der Plattform (621) die Kontur des Einlassteils der Schaufel (6) umgibt.
  10. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontur des Innenabschnitts (51 b) die Form eines regelmäßigen Vielecks, insbesondere eines Vierecks, vor allem eines Rechtecks, oder die Form einer Bohne aufweist.
  11. Leitstufe für einen Axialverdichter oder eine Turbine, die wenigstens eine Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10 umfasst.
  12. Axialverdichter, der eine Leitstufe nach Anspruch 11 umfasst.
  13. Turbine, die eine Leitstufe nach Anspruch 11 umfasst.
  14. Turbomaschine, die eine Turbine nach Anspruch 13 oder einen Axialverdichter nach Anspruch 12 umfasst.
  15. Verfahren zur Montage durch Schweißen zwischen einem Außenring (5) und der Spitze (62) wenigstens einer Leitschaufel (6), umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    - Bereitstellen einer Schaufel (6), die einen Fuß und eine Spitze (62) umfasst, zwischen denen der Körper (61) der Schaufel (6) verläuft, der durch einen Einlassteil mit der Spitze (62) verbunden ist, wobei die Spitze (62) eine nicht durchbohrte Plattform (621) umfasst, die das abschließende Endteil bildet,
    - Bereitstellen eines Außenrings (5), der eine Symmetrie- und Rotationsachse (X-X') und eine Reihe von quer ausgerichteten Öffnungen (51) aufweist, die geeignet sind, eine Plattform (621) aufzunehmen und deren Kontur im Wesentlichen die gleiche wie die Kontur der Plattform (621) jeder Schaufel (6) ist, wobei jede Öffnung (51) einen an der Innenseite des Rings (5) ausmündenden Innenabschnitt (51 b) und einen eine Vertiefung bildenden, an der Außenseite des Rings (5) ausmündenden Außenabschnitt (51 a) umfasst, wobei in radialer Projektion die Kontur des Außenabschnitts (51 a) mit einem gewissen Abstand die Kontur des Innenabschnitts (51 b) unter Begrenzen einer dem Außenabschnitt (51 a) zugewandten Auflagefläche (51 c) umgibt, wobei der Ring (5) keine weitere Bohrung für die Montage der Schaufeln (6) umfasst,
    - Aufnehmen der Plattform (621) jeder Schaufel (6) in einer der Öffnungen (51), so dass die Innenseite der Plattform (621) an der Auflagefläche (51 c) des Rings (5) in Anlage gelangt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontur des Außenabschnitts (51a) eine allgemeine Viereckform aufweist und dass das Schweißen zwischen dem Ring (5) und der Schaufel (6) von der Außenseite des Rings (5) aus, entlang des Randes des Außenabschnitts (51 a) der Öffnung (51) vollzogen wird, um die gesamte Kontur der Plattform (621) fest mit dem Ring (5) zu verbinden.
  16. Montageverfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außenring (5) keine andere Bohrung als die Öffnungen (51) für die Montage der Schaufeln (6) umfasst.
  17. Montageverfahren nach Anspruch 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schweißnaht auf der Außenseite des Außenrings (5) durch Verbinden des Randes des Außenabschnitts (51 a) der Öffnung (51) mit der Kontur der Plattform (621) gebildet wird.
EP08173011.1A 2008-12-29 2008-12-29 Außenring und Verfahren zum Schweissen einer Leitschaufel auf diesem Außenring Active EP2204547B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08173011.1A EP2204547B1 (de) 2008-12-29 2008-12-29 Außenring und Verfahren zum Schweissen einer Leitschaufel auf diesem Außenring
CA2688882A CA2688882C (fr) 2008-12-29 2009-12-22 Ensemble pour etage redresseur d'une turbomachine, comprenant une virole exterieure et au moins une aube fixe
US12/648,836 US8430629B2 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-29 Assembly for a stator stage of a turbomachine, the assembly comprising an outer shroud and at least one stationary vane

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08173011.1A EP2204547B1 (de) 2008-12-29 2008-12-29 Außenring und Verfahren zum Schweissen einer Leitschaufel auf diesem Außenring

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EP2204547A1 EP2204547A1 (de) 2010-07-07
EP2204547B1 true EP2204547B1 (de) 2013-12-11

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US8430629B2 (en) 2013-04-30
CA2688882A1 (fr) 2010-06-29
US20110033285A1 (en) 2011-02-10
EP2204547A1 (de) 2010-07-07
CA2688882C (fr) 2017-04-11

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