EP2202381A2 - Sliding door - Google Patents

Abstract

The door (10) has a frame (18) movable with respect to another frame (20), where the former frame has a main closing surface (22) that is arranged opposite to a main closing surface (24) of the latter frame. Seals (32) are connected with the frames at an area of the main closing surfaces, respectively. The seal connected with one of the frames is inserted in a corresponding recess (26) formed in the other frame. The recess exhibits two contact surfaces (28) that face each other, where the seal lies only at the contact surfaces in a closed condition of the door.

Description

The invention relates to a sliding door with the aid of which an opening can be opened and closed by displacing at least part of the sliding door.

Sliding doors are used, for example, within residential buildings to open or close a passageway. For this purpose, the sliding door, for example, a linearly movable door, which can be moved parallel to the opening plane of the opening to be opened or closed. Out DE 198 47 657 C1 It is known in the area of the main closing edge, where two door leaves abut each other in the closed state, to provide a two-dimensional seal for both door leaves, which in the closed state of the sliding door in contact to seal the sliding door in the region of the main closing edge.

A disadvantage of such a sliding door is that the construction of the sliding door is not designed for higher loads in a demanding environment. In particular, such a sliding door is not suitable as an outer door of watercraft, in particular seagoing vessels. In particular, it is not possible with the help of such a sliding door to form an outer door for a watercraft, which ensures sufficient tightness even in the weather conditions at sea.

It is the object of the invention to provide a sliding door, which ensures sufficient tightness even when prevailing at sea weathers and can be operated without excessive force.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The sliding door according to the invention for opening and closing an opening has a first frame, which is relatively movable to a second frame on. The first frame has a first main closing surface, which is arranged opposite to a second main closing surface of the second frame in the closed state of the sliding door. A seal is connected to the first frame and / or the second frame in the region of the respective main closing surface. According to the invention, the seal of the respective frame can be introduced into a corresponding pocket of the respective other frame, wherein the pocket has mutually facing abutment surfaces and the seal in the closed state of the sliding door rests only on the mutually facing contact surfaces.

The fact that the seal rests against both inwardly or outwardly facing contact surfaces, a high density in the region of the main sealing edge can be achieved. In the case of a particularly high wind pressure, for example during a hurricane, the pressure acting on the seal merely results in at least one side of the seal bearing against a correspondingly higher force on the contact surface arranged in the inner region of the pocket. Since the bag can be part of the respective frame and need not be made of a resilient sealing material but is made stiffer compared to the seal, the bag can safely dissipate the forces applied through the seal. This leads to a self-reinforcing sealing effect. At the same time a watertight seal between the two frames is achieved because there is no gap through which seawater or rainwater can penetrate from outside to inside. As a result, the sliding door can also be used as an outer door for a watercraft, as provided by the seal arranged in the pocket a sufficient seal against the weather Lake is reached. Also, the closing of the sliding door can be done with a relatively small amount of force, since the seal is guided past the contact surfaces and thus only a corresponding frictional force must be overcome. The forces required for this can be further reduced with suitably selected material pairings. For example, the contact surfaces may be provided with a friction-reducing coating, such as Teflon. Optionally, the seal is slightly compressed when closing the sliding door, so that a defined minimum force between the seal and the contact surfaces is provided. At the same time it can be prevented that the seal strikes the front side, that is in the closing direction, at a bottom of the bag. This avoids a sudden increase in the required closing force for the sliding door. The sliding door ensures sufficient tightness even when the weather conditions at sea and can be operated without excessive force.

Preferably, the distance of the seal is set to a connected to the contact surfaces bottom of the bag in the closed state of the sliding door such that remains in the maximum extent of the seal on the floor to a gap between the seal and the bottom. Even at maximum squeezing of the seal and the closing direction of the sliding door, the seal does not abut the end face of the bottom of the bag. Even in extreme weather conditions on the high seas, particularly high closing forces can be avoided. At the same time it is ensured that when opening and closing the sliding door only the frictional force between the seal and the contact surfaces or one of the contact surfaces must be overcome.

In particular, the bag is made of a material which is stiffer compared to the gasket, the bag being formed in particular by the frame. In contrast to the seal, the bag can be made of an inflexible material. As a result, the position of the contact surfaces can be predefined in advance so that the closing forces occurring when closing the sliding door are determined only by the deformation of the gasket inserted into the pocket. Insertion of a first seal into a pocket forming second seal is avoided. The bag can be formed in particular by the respective frame itself, so that the material of the frame form the contact surfaces and the bottom of the bag. The bag can in particular be designed as a recess provided in the respective frame. For example, the pocket may be provided as a cross-sectionally preferably rectangular groove. If the frame of the sliding door is made in particular of a metallic material, for example with a predominant aluminum content, the pocket can already be introduced into the material of the frame during the production of the frame by chipless forming processes, such as cold profiling, deep-drawing or embossing.

Preferably, the contact surfaces of the bag are just designed. A curvy course of the contact surfaces in the closing direction is thereby avoided. The closing force occurring when closing the sliding door thus remains substantially constant or changes substantially linearly. In particular, a snapping of the seal is avoided in a recess of the contact surface, so that a sudden reduction of acting on the seal normal forces is prevented and the risk of sudden leaks is reduced or even avoided. In the closed state of the sliding door can thereby achieve a sealing effect, which allows a windproof and waterproof closed sliding door even in weather conditions at sea.

In particular, the abutment surfaces have a surface normal to an sliding direction of the sliding door an angle α of 75 ° ≤ α ≤ 105 °, in particular 83 ° ≤ α ≤ 97 °, preferably 88 ° ≤ α ≤ 92 °, more preferably α = 90 ° ± 5 °. The fact that the contact surfaces are arranged substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding door, the seal can be easily inserted into the bag and out of her be removed. For this purpose, only a comparatively low closing force is required. Optionally, the contact surfaces may be slightly inclined relative to the vertical to the sliding direction, for example, to form a funnel-shaped contour that facilitates the insertion of the seal or provides a defined resistance during insertion and removal of the seal from the bag to prevent accidental opening of the sliding door as well as the achievement of the closed position to make tangible. The orientation of the contact surfaces is chosen in particular such that the frictional forces between the contact surface and the seal an elastic spring back of the mutually moved frame is avoided in the closed state. When closing the sliding door with a comparatively low closing force, the seal is pushed along the contact surfaces of the associated pocket for this seal, wherein the seal can be elastically deformed. At the end of the closing movement, the elastically deformed seal can relax, with the frictional force between the abutment surfaces and the seal being large enough that the seal does not spring out of the pocket elastically. In particular, the elastic relaxation of the seal in the closing direction, so that the contact surface between the contact surfaces and the seal can be increased slightly and an additional increase in the tightness is achieved.

Preferably, the seal in cross section is substantially bead-shaped, in particular egg-shaped. Such a seal can be slightly elastically deformed when closing the sliding door, so that there is a correspondingly large-area contact surface between the contact surfaces and the seal. Since the seal is not designed as a lip seal, but has a flat cross-section, the seal can be more easily applied to both contact surfaces of the bag. Further, the abutment surfaces can be further apart, thereby facilitating the manufacture and manufacture of the frames having such a pocket. Even with a deformation of the seal at high wind pressure or seawater impact remains a sufficiently large Surface to ensure a good sealing effect with different power ratios.

In particular, the seal has a cavity, wherein the cavity is in particular aufpumpbar. Through the cavity it is achieved that the seal has a large surface area with a comparatively low use of material, which can come into contact with the contact surfaces. In addition, if the cavity can be inflated, it is possible, especially in the closed state of the sliding door to increase the volume of the seal, resulting in a higher holding force of the seal in the pocket. Alternatively, the cavity may be made fully closed so that a gas trapped in the cavity is sealed from the environment. This makes it possible to compress the gasket somewhat, with too much compression increasing the compression resistance progressively.

Preferably, the pocket has an insertion slope for inserting the seal into the pocket. For example, the frame in the region of the main closing surface on two projecting in the sliding direction of the sliding door webs, wherein the webs each form the contact surface of the bag. These webs may be bevelled at the end facing away from the frame in order to insert the seal between the webs easier. The pocket can also be designed as a recess in the respective frame, wherein the recess is beveled end face in the closing direction.

Particularly preferably, the first main closing surface is formed identically to the second main closing surface, wherein the main closing surfaces are arranged substantially point-symmetrically to each other. This makes it possible to profile both frames identically to form the respective main closing surface. This facilitates the production of the respective frame profiles. For example, it is possible to provide for the sliding door two equal-sized door wings, each having identically shaped frame, wherein the frames are arranged to each other such that the respective main closing surfaces are arranged point symmetrically to each other. That is, each frame has a pocket and a perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding door laterally offset to the bag arranged seal, wherein the respective seals are respectively arranged opposite to the pocket of the other frame. This results in two mutually independent successively arranged sealing systems, which lead to a particularly good tightness of the sliding door. Furthermore, it is possible to swap the inside and outside of the sliding door without affecting the sealing effect of the sliding door. This allows for a greater degree of design freedom when installing the sliding door.

Preferably, the first main closing surface and the second main closing surface form a labyrinth seal. In particular, with the first frame and / or with the second frame, a privacy seal for optical coverage of an opening gap between the first frame and the second frame is connected. The privacy seal does not necessarily rest against the other frame. It is sufficient if the screen seal forms an additional chicanery for the labyrinth seal. Through the visual protection seal, it is already possible to reject a part of the incoming rainwater or seawater and to divert an attacking wind. As a result, the seal, which is inserted in the pocket, exposed to a lower load. At the same time it avoids that larger amounts of water accumulate between the main closing surfaces in the area of the main closing edge. In particular, it is possible that penetrated water in the bottom region of the sliding door, that is geodetic down, can run past the blind seal to the outside. By the visual protection seal further a gap between the two frames is covered, whereby the visual impression of the sliding door is improved.

In particular, the first frame is part of a first gullwing door and the second frame is part of a second gullwing door, wherein the first frame and the second frame are each movable are guided. Preferably, the movement of the first hinged door is coupled to the second hinged door so that, when only one of the two hinged doors moves, the other hinged door is automatically moved along. This makes it particularly easy to open or close an opening through the hinged door. The movement of the wing doors is supported in particular by means of a motor. This additionally reduces the forces required to open and close the hinged door.

The invention further relates to a watercraft, in particular for ocean shipping, with an outer door which is designed as a sliding door, wherein the sliding door can be formed and developed as described above. Since the sliding door ensures sufficient tightness even in the weather conditions at sea and can be operated without excessive force, the crew and passengers of the vessel are safely protected from wind and water even in adverse weather conditions. In particular, offshore yachts with a minimum length of 15 m may have the above-described sliding door as an outer door in order to be able to open and close a passage from an interior space to the surroundings.

The invention will be explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings based on preferred embodiments.

Fig. 1:

eine schematische Innenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür für ein Wasserfahrzeug,

Fig. 2:

eine schematische Schnittansicht der Flügeltür aus Fig. 1 entlang der Linie C - C in einer geöffneten Stellung und

Fig. 3:

eine schematische Schnittansicht der Flügeltür aus Fig. 1 entlang der Linie C - C in einer geschlossenen Stellung.

Show it:

Fig. 1:

a schematic interior view of a sliding door according to the invention for a watercraft,

Fig. 2:

a schematic sectional view of the hinged door Fig. 1 along the line C - C in an open position and

3:

a schematic sectional view of the hinged door Fig. 1 along the line C - C in a closed position.

In the Fig. 1 shown sliding door 10 has a first double door 12 and a second double door 14, which are displaceable relative to each other along a sliding direction 16 of the hinged door 10. The first wing door 12 and the second wing door 14 may be performed linearly movable in a rail, not shown, for this purpose.

As in Fig. 2 can be seen, the first hinged door 12 has a first frame 18, while the second hinged door 14 has a second frame 20. The first frame 18 has a first main closing surface 22, which is arranged opposite to a second main closing surface 24 of the second frame 20. The main closing surfaces 22, 24 are designed substantially point-symmetrical to one another and each have a pocket 26. The pocket 26 has in each case two abutment surfaces 28, which are connected to one another via a bottom 30. The pockets 26 are chamfered at their end facing away from the bottom 30, so that a bag 26 to the opposite arranged seal 32 of the other frame 20, 18 can be easily inserted into the pocket 26. The seal 32 has a cavity 34, whereby the seal 32 during insertion of the seal 32 in the pocket 26 can be compressed more easily. Furthermore, a privacy seal 36 are connected to the frame 18, 20 which are arranged as close as possible to an inner side 38 or an outer side 40 of the sliding door 10.

In the closed state of the sliding door 10, as in Fig. 3 is shown, the seal 32 rests only on the two contact surfaces 28 of the respective pocket 26. Contact of the seal 32 with the bottom 30 of the pocket 26 is avoided. The privacy seals 32 extend so far in the direction of the sliding direction 16, that an opening gap 42 between the first frame 18 and the second frame 20 is optically hidden.

Claims (13)

Sliding door for opening and closing an opening, with
a first frame (18) relatively movable to a second frame (20),
wherein the first frame (18) has a first main closing surface (22), which is arranged opposite to a second main closing surface (24) of the second frame (20) in the closed state of the sliding door (10), and
with the first frame (18) and / or with the second frame (20) in the region of the respective main closing surface (22, 24), a seal (32) is connected
characterized in that
the seal (32) of the respective frame (18, 20) is insertable into a corresponding pocket (26) of the respective other frame (20, 18), the pocket (26) having mutually facing abutment surfaces (28) and the seal ( 32) in the closed state of the sliding door (10) only on the mutually facing abutment surfaces (28). Sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance of the seal (32) to one with the contact surfaces (28) connected to the bottom (30) of the pocket (26) in the closed state of the sliding door (10) is selected such that in the maximum extent of Seal (32) on the bottom (30) to a gap between the seal (32) and the bottom (30) remains. Sliding door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pocket (26) is made of a material which is stiffer compared to the seal (32), wherein the pocket (26) is formed in particular by the frame (20, 18). Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the contact surfaces (28) of the pocket (26) are designed flat. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the contact surfaces (28) have a surface normal to a sliding direction (16) of the sliding door (10) an angle α of 75 ° ≤ α ≤ 105 °, in particular 83 ° ≤ α ≦ 97 °, preferably 88 ° ≦ α ≦ 92 °, and more preferably α = 90 ° ± 0.5 °. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the seal (32) is configured in cross-section substantially bead-shaped, in particular egg-shaped. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the seal (32) has a cavity (34), wherein the cavity (34) is in particular aufpumpbar. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pocket (26) has at least one insertion bevel for inserting the seal (32) into the pocket (26). Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first main closing surface (22) is identical to the second main closing surface (24), wherein the main closing surfaces (22, 24) are arranged substantially point-symmetrical to each other. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the first main closing surface (22) and the second main closing surface (24) form a labyrinth seal. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that with the first frame (18) and / or with the second frame (20) a visual protection seal (36) for optically covering an opening gap (42) between the first frame (18) and the second frame (20) is connected. Sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the first frame (18) is part of a first hinged door (12) and the second frame (20) is part of a second hinged door (14), the first frame (18) and the second frame (20) are each guided movably. Watercraft, in particular for ocean navigation, with an outer door, which is designed as a sliding door according to one of claims 1 to 12.

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