Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
  • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
  • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
  • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
  • C10M105/18—Ethers, e.g. epoxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
  • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
  • C10M2207/0406—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
  • C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
  • C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
  • C10M2209/1055—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
  • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
  • C10M2209/1075—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106 used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Definitions

• This invention relates to functional fluids that are useful in a variety of applications.
• the functional fluids of the present invention are particularly useful as hydraulic fluids such as brake fluids for anti-lock brake systems, stability control systems or regenerative braking systems for automotive vehicles that benefit from lower viscosity fluids for sudden movement (e.g., sudden braking) and/or satisfactory operation at low temperatures.
• the invention is directed at a functional fluid composition comprising about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of a glycol component wherein the glycol component includes one or more glycols of FORMULA I:
• R 1 and R 6 are H or an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and n is at least 1 , the glycol having n repeat units which may be the same or different, including at least one repeat unit wherein at least one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
• This aspect of the invention may be further characterized by one or any combination of the following features: the one or more glycols of FORMULA I is present at a concentration of at least 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the glycol component; the one or more glycols of FORMULA I is present at a concentration of at least 15 wt.
• R 6 is H; exactly one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 (of FORMULA I) is an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms and the rest are H; at least two of (e.g., two, three or all four of) R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 (of FORMULA I) are alkyl groups containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms and the rest are H; the glycol component further comprises at least one glycol of FORMULA III:
• the glycol of FORMULA I includes at least one first repeat unit wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each H and at least one second repeat unit wherein at least one (e.g., one, two, three or four) of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
• the one or more glycols of FORMULA I includes a glycol of FORMULA IV:
• FORMULA IV R 1 O(R 7 O) n H where either (i) n is at least 1 and R 7 is all propyl groups, or (ii) n is at least 2 and R 7 is a mixture of ethyl and propyl groups;
• the one or more glycols of FORMULA I comprises a propylene glycol ether, an ethylene-propylene glycol ether, or both;
• the glycol component includes an alkoxylated polypropylene glycol, an alkoxylated polyethylene-propylene glycol, or both;
• the glycol component includes alkoxylated glycols of FORMULA I and FORMULA III
• FORMULA III R 1 O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n R 6 where at least one of R 1 and R 6 is an alkyl having from 1 thru 8 carbon atoms, wherein the concentration of the alkoxylated glycols is greater than about 30 wt% based on the total weight of the glycol component; the composition is substantially free of glycol borate esters; the composition comprises about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % of a glycol borate ester comprising the FORMULA V:
• each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is H or an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, n is 1 to 4, and about 0.3 wt % to about 10 wt % of an additive package including a corrosion inhibitor;
• This aspect of the invention may also be further characterized by a functional fluid composition
• a functional fluid composition comprising: at least about 70 wt % of a glycol component wherein the glycol component includes one or more alkoxylated glycols of FORMULA I:
• R 3 R 5 wherein R 6 is H, R 1 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and n is at least 2, the glycol having n repeat units which may be the same or different, including at least one repeat unit wherein at least one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is a methyl group and the other are H, wherein the additional repeat units are the same as the first repeat unit, (CH 2 -CH 2 -O), or a combination, wherein the one or more alkoxylated glycols of FORMULA I is present at a concentration of at least 15 wt% based on the total weight of the glycol component; optionally one or more alkoxylated glycols of FORMULA III:
• FORMULA III R 1 O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n R 6 wherein R 6 is H, R 1 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and n is at least 2; and an additives package which comprises an antioxidant, an anti-foaming agent, a corrosion inhibitor, a pH stabilizer, or any combination thereof; wherein the total of the alkoxylated glycols of FORMULA I and the alkoxylated glycols of FORMULA III are present at a concentration of at least 50 wt.% based on the total weight of the glycol component.
• Another aspect of the invention is directed at a braking system including a fluid composition described herein. This aspect of the invention may be further characterized by the braking system is free of a booster.
• Yet another aspect of the invention is directed at the use of a fluid composition described herein as a fluid in a braking system.
• this aspect of the invention may be directed at the use of a fluid composition described herein as a fluid in a braking system that is free of a booster.
• the functional fluid compositions of the present invention have a number of applications; however, they are especially useful as hydraulic fluids such as brake fluids.
• the fluid compositions of the present invention include a glycol component of glycols, alkoxy glycols or both.
• the fluid composition can also include borate ester, but preferably includes no more than about 10 wt % of a borate ester based on the weight of the composition.
• the physical properties of the compositions include a high dry equilibrium reflux boiling point (ERBP), a high wet equilibrium reflux boiling point (WERBP), and a low temperature viscosity.
• compositions of the present invention are particularly useful because their physical properties (e.g., WERBP, ERBP, and low temperature viscosity) meet the provisions for DOT 3, DOT 4 or DOT 5 brake fluids under the provisions of the table above.
• physical properties e.g., WERBP, ERBP, and low temperature viscosity
• compositions lacking borate ester can meet the requirements necessary for DOT 3, DOT 4, or DOT 5 brake fluids.
• Functional fluids of the present invention comprise one or any combination of the following:
• the glycol component can be formed partially, substantially entirely (at least 90% or at least 95% by weight) or entirely of one, two, three or more glycols and/or polyglycols.
• the glycols or polyglycols of the glycol component have the formula of FORMULA I:
• each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 is either hydrogen (H) or an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 or more carbon atoms or mixtures thereof. It is typical that R 6 is hydrogen for greater than 20%, more typically for greater than 50%, and even possibly for greater than 80% of the glycol component.
• R 1 or R 6 is an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms and the other is hydrogen such that the glycol or polyglycol is an alkoxy glycol ether (e.g., an alkyl end capped alkoxy glycol ether) as opposed to being simply a glycol where R 1 is (H).
• both R 1 and R 6 are (H) for less than 90%, more typically less than 50% and even possibly less than 30% or 20% by weight of the glycol component, the overall fluid composition or both.
• R 1 and R 6 are both alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms such that the glycol or polyglycol is an alkoxyglycol diether (e.g., an alkyl double end capped alkoxy glycol diether). If present the concentration of the double end capped glycol is typically less than about 80%, more typically less than about 50%, and even possibly less than about 20% by weight of the glycol component. The glycol component which is substantially free (less than about 90% or less than about 5% by weight of the glycol component) or entirely free of double end capped glycols is also possible.
• an alkoxyglycol diether e.g., an alkyl double end capped alkoxy glycol diether.
• concentration of the double end capped glycol is typically less than about 80%, more typically less than about 50%, and even possibly less than about 20% by weight of the glycol component.
• the glycol component which is substantially free (less than about 90% or less than about 5% by weight of the glycol component) or entirely free of double
• glycol component can include glycols of FORMULA I wherein R 1 and R 6 are both alkyl group, R 1 and R 6 are both H, one of R 1 and R 6 is an alkyl group and the other is H, or a combination (for example, the glycol component may include glycols of FORMULA I wherein R 6 is hydrogen and R 1 is an alkyl group, H, or a combination).
• such glycol may be at least about 0.001% by weight (e.g., is at least about 0.01% by weight) of the glycol component.
• such glycol is typically less than about 30%, more typically less than about 10% and even more typically less than about 5% by weight of the of the glycol component.
• the glycol component typically includes an amount of a first glycol (e.g., a first polyglycol) where R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each H.
• R 6 is preferably H, but may be a an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., R 6 may be methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and the like).
• such first glycol e.g., a mixture of single glycol or a mixture of glycols of FORMULA 1 each having R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 all H
• first glycol is at least about 0.2%, typically at least about 3%, more typically at least about 10% and even more typically at least about 20% by weight of the total glycol component.
• first glycol is typically less than about 80%, more typically less than about 50% and even more typically less than about 30% by weight of the of the total glycol component.
• n is at least 1 , but preferably n is 2 or more.
• the amount of the first glycol in which n 3, if present, typically may be from about 0 wt.% to about 99.5 wt % (e.g., from about 25.0 wt % to about 99.5 wt % of the first glycol).
• the first glycol may also include or consist essentially or entirely of glycols having n at least 4.
• the amount of the first glycol for which n is at least 4, if present, may be greater about 10 wt %, typically greater than about 30 wt%, more typically greater than 45 wt.%, and most typically greater than about 50 wt% of the first glycol.
• first glycols may include or consist essentially of a glycol according to FORMULA III:
• the glycol component typically includes an amount of second glycols (e.g., second polyglycols), which may be one or a mixture of glycols, wherein at least one and typically only one, but also possibly two, three or all four of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
• R 6 is preferably H, but may be a an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., R 6 may be methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and the like).
• Preferable second glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, a butyl, or any combination thereof. Moreover, preferable second glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl or an ethyl group. Still more preferable second glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl group (e.g., the second glycols may include propylene glycols). When included, such second glycols are at least about 3%, more typically at least about 10% and even more typically at least about 20% by weight of the glycol component.
• second glycols are typically less than about 80%, more typically less than about 50% and even more typically less than about 30% by weight of the of the glycol component.
• higher or lower amounts of the overall second glycol and the particular amounts of the second glycols having different n values may be employed unless otherwise specified.
• the glycol component typically includes an amount of one or more third glycol (e.g., a third polyglycol) that is a copolymer, which can be a block copolymer, random copolymer or the like.
• a third glycol e.g., a third polyglycol
• any of the third glycols will typically include one or more first repeat units of FORMULA I having a first configuration and one or more second repeat units having a second configuration.
• the third glycol typically includes at least one of a first repeat unit of FORMULA I wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each H.
• the third glycol also typically includes at least one second repeat unit wherein at least one and typically only one, but also possibly two, three or all four of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
• the second repeat unit may have one, two, three or all four of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms and the others are H.
• Preferable second repeat units of the third glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, a butyl, or any combination thereof.
• More preferable second repeat units of the third glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl or an ethyl group. Still more preferable second repeat units of the third glycols include an R 2 or R 3 group and more preferably an R 4 or R 5 group comprising a methyl group.
• the second repeat unit may have one of include one of R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is a methyl group and the remaining are H.
• the third glycols may contain at least one, but preferably both ethylene glycol (e.g., - CH 2 -CH 2 -O-), and propylene glycol, (e.g., CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 -O or CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )-O) units.
• R 6 is preferably H, but may be a an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., R 6 may be methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and the like).
• such third glycols are at least about 3%, more typically at least about 10% and even more typically at least about 20% by weight of the glycol component.
• the glycol component may have primarily (e.g., greater than about 50 wt%), substantially entirely (e.g., greater than about 90 wt%, or even greater than about 95 wt%) or entirely the third glycols. Moreover, such third glycols are typically less than about 80%, more typically less than about 50% and even more typically less than about 30% by weight of the of the glycol component. For such third glycols, n is at least 2 or more.
• higher or lower amounts of the overall third glycols and the particular amounts of the third glycols having different n values may be employed unless otherwise specified.
• the glycol component may contain one or more of a first glycol, second glycol, third glycol, or any combination thereof.
• the glycol component includes at least one or more second glycol, third glycol or a combination thereof.
• the total concentration of all second glycols e.g., second glycols wherein R 1 is H, second glycols wherein R 1 is an alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or both
• all third glycols e.g., third glycols wherein R 1 is H, third glycols wherein R 1 is an alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or both
• the glycol component may include one or
• Any of the second glycol, third glycol or both may include, or consist essentially, or even consist of one or more glycols of FORMULA IV:
• the glycol component may include alkoxylated glycols of FORMULA I, FORMULA III, or both, where at least one (e.g., exactly one) of R 1 and R 6 is an alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms (e.g., a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, or a butyl).
• alkoxylated glycols i.e., alkoxy glycols
• glycols of each of the types mentioned, but particularly the second and third glycols can assist the fluid in achieving various properties.
• Such properties can include, without limitation, higher boiling points, lower viscosities, greater lubricity, any combination thereof or the like.
• Suitable R 1 groups of the glycol component include alkyl groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
• Preferable glycol components include an R 1 group comprising a methyl, an ethyl, a propyl, a butyl, or any combination thereof.
• examples of useful glycols include methoxy triglycol, methoxy diglycol, methoxy polyglycol, ethoxy triglycol, ethoxy diglycol, ethoxy tetraglycol, propoxy triglycol, butoxy triglycol (e.g., triethylene glycol monobutyl ether), butoxy diglycol (e.g., diethylene glycol monobutyl ether), butoxy teteraglycol, pentoxy diglycol, pentoxy triglycol, 2-ethylhexyl diglycol or any combination thereof.
• methoxy triglycol e.g., alkoxy glycols or otherwise
• examples of useful glycols include methoxy triglycol, methoxy diglycol, methoxy polyglycol, ethoxy triglycol, ethoxy diglycol, ethoxy tetraglycol, propoxy triglycol, butoxy trig
• useful glycols include, without limitation, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, triethylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, tripropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monoethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monopropyl ether, tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, polypropylene glycol monopropyl ether, polypropylene glycol monobutyl ether, polybutylene glycol monopropyl ether, polybutylene glycol monopropyl ether, polybutylene glycol monobutyl ether, or any combination thereof.
• glycol component may include glycols of FORMULA I
• Such glycols may act as a diluent or a lubricant.
• the functional fluids of the present invention may include less than about 50 wt%, preferably less than about
• wt% 40 wt%, and more preferably less than about 30 wt% (e.g., from about 0 wt % to about 30 wt %), based on the total weight of the composition, of a diluent or a lubricant.
• the glycol component may also include glycols of FORMULA I (e.g., first glycols, second glycols, third glycols, or a mixture thereof) wherein R 1 and R 6 are both alkyls having from 1 to 8 carbons.
• Such glycols may be characterized as having two terminal ether groups and are free of alcohol groups.
• methods of preparing useful alkoxy glycols include an alkoxilation reaction that reacts an alkylene oxide with an alcohol to produce an alkyl glycol.
• high purity alkoxy glycol a suitable low temperature viscosity is achievable.
• high purity butoxy triglycol and butoxy diglycol may individually or in combination be used to help maintain the desired low temperature viscosity.
• high purity alkoxy glycol is at least about 90% pure; at least about 97% pure, or at least about
• high purity butoxy triglycol and high purity butoxy diglycol is utilized in the fluid composition and is preferably at least 50% and more preferably at least 75% by weight of the glycol component.
• glycol borate ester component has the formula:
• R 3 R 5 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 can be any of groups as specified with respect to FORMULA I and n can be as specified with respect to FORMULA I.
• the glycol borate ester component can have any of the repeat units of the first glycol of the glycol component, the second glycol of the glycol component, the third glycol of the glycol component or any combination thereof as discussed with respect to FORMULA I herein. It is also understood that the glycol borate ester component and any borate containing compound is not considered as part of the glycol component, but rather is separate.
• optional glycol borate ester components include alkoxy glycol borate ester components such as methoxy Methylene glycol borate ester, ethoxy triethylene glycol borate ester, butoxy triethylene glycol borate ester, or any combination thereof, such as is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,558,569, filed November 10, 2000 (see e.g., column 3, lines 13 - 40), hereby incorporated by reference. If a borate ester component is present in the composition, it is preferably present in an amount greater than 0.01 or greater than 1 wt% of the functional fluid, but it is also preferably present in an amount less than about 10 wt % of the functional fluid.
• alkoxy glycol borate ester components such as methoxy Methylene glycol borate ester, ethoxy triethylene glycol borate ester, butoxy triethylene glycol borate ester, or any combination thereof, such as is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,558,569, filed November 10, 2000 (see e.g.
• the borate ester component is present in the composition in an amount less than about 4 wt % of the functional fluid.
• the functional fluid compositions of the present invention are substantially free (e.g., present in an amount less than about 0.5% by weight of the functional fluid) or entirely free of any borate ester component.
• a glycol borate component is in the composition, it is typically the case that the glycol groups represent a substantial portion of the composition.
• Such glycol groups are the portions of FORMULAS I and FORMULA V attached to the R 6 group (which may be a hydrogen atom) or the (B) Boron atom of those formulas.
• R 6 group which may be a hydrogen atom
• B Boron atom of those formulas.
• such glycol groups may be depicted as follows:
• glycol groups can represent at least about 50%, more typically at least about 60%, still more typically at least about 80% and even possibly at least about 90% by weight of the overall composition.
• Fluid compositions may also include an additives package; that is one or a combination of additives employed to tune performance of the compositions in one or more aspects.
• the additives package when present, is typically at least about 0.3 wt%, more typically at least about 1.0 wt% and even more typically at least about 3 wt% of the functional fluid.
• the additives package when present, is typically less than about 8.0 wt%, more typically less than about 5.0, and even possibly less than about 4 or 3.5 wt% of the functional fluid.
• Suitable additives packages may include, without limitation, corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers such as pH stabilizers, lubricants, anti-wear agents, anti-foaming agents, antioxidants, or any combination thereof.
• Examples of classes of corrosion inhibitors that may be used in the functional fluid compositions of the present invention include fatty acids such as lauric, palmitic, stearic or oleic acids, esters of phosphorus or phosphoric acid with aliphatic alcohols phosphites such as ethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, isopropyl phosphate, butyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite and diisopropyl phosphite, heterocyclic nitrogen containing compounds such as benzotriazole or its derivatives or any combination, such compounds, optionally with 1 ,2,4 triazole and/or its derivatives (see U.S. Patent No.
• amine compounds useful as corrosion inhibitors include alkyl amines such as di-n-butylamine and di-n-amylamine, cyclohexylamine and salts thereof.
• Amine compounds which are particularly useful as corrosion inhibitors in the functional fluid compositions of the present invention include the alkanol amines, preferably those containing one to three alkanol groups with each alkanol group containing from one to six carbon atoms.
• alkanol amines include mono-, di- and trimethanolamine, mono-, di- and triethanolamine, mono-, di- and tripropanolamine and mono-, di- and triisopropanolamine.
• diisopropanolamine is utilized, which is readily available and inexpensive.
• the additives packages may also advantageously contain, in addition to one or more corrosion inhibitors, other additive compounds such as antifoaming agents, pH stabilizers, antioxidants and the like, all well known to the skilled formulator for enhancing the performance of the functional fluid composition.
• other additives in combination with the corrosion inhibitors are normally present in an amount of from about 0.3 to about 10.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the functional fluid composition.
• One preferred additives package includes a corrosion inhibitor (e.g., diisopropanolamine CAS # 110-97-4), a pH stabilizer (e.g., sodium nitrate CAS # 23-721-3), an anti-foaming agent (e.g., SAG Antifoam CAS # 63148-62-9 available from the Union Carbide Corporation), and an antioxidant (e.g., 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol CAS # 1879-09-0).
• a corrosion inhibitor e.g., diisopropanolamine CAS # 110-97-4
• a pH stabilizer e.g., sodium nitrate CAS # 23-721-3
• an anti-foaming agent e.g., SAG Antifoam CAS # 63148-62-9 available from the Union Carbide Corporation
• an antioxidant e.g., 2,4-dimethyl-6-t-butyl phenol CAS # 1879-09-0
• the functional fluids of the present invention may include from about 0 or 0.10 wt % to about 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition, of a diluent or a lubricant such as, for example, polyethylene oxides, polypropylene oxides, polyglycols (e.g., mixtures of monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol tetraethylene glycol, and higher mol adducts of ethylene glycol), poly(alkylene oxides) dialkoxyglycols, borate co-esters, or any combination thereof.
• a diluent or a lubricant such as, for example, polyethylene oxides, polypropylene oxides, polyglycols (e.g., mixtures of monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol tetraethylene glycol, and higher mol adducts of ethylene glycol), poly(alkylene oxides) dialkoxyglycols,
• One preferred embodiment includes a lubricant, a diluent, polyglycol other than alkoxy or alkoxy ester glycols or any combination thereof, such as in an amount from about 5 wt % to about 25 wt %; more preferably, in an amount between about 15 wt % and about 22 wt %; and most preferably, in an amount between about 18.5 wt % and about 19.5 wt %.
• teachings of the present invention could be applied to other fluids formulated to achieve lower viscosities such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
• Fluid compositions of the present invention have an ERBP of at least about 205 0 C, preferably at least about 240 0 C, more preferably at least about 250°C, and most preferably at least about 260 0 C or 270°C or more (e.g., more than 290 0 C, or even 300°C).
• Fluid compositions of the present invention have a WERBP of at least about 14O 0 C, preferably at least about 144°C, and more preferably at least about 146°C or at least about 150 0 C or more (e.g.
• the low temperature viscosity at -40 0 C of the fluid composition is preferably less than 1500 centistokes (cSt), preferably less than about 1450 or about 1400 centistokes (cSt), more preferably less that about 1300 cSt, more preferably less than about 1250 or 1000 cSt, and possibly less than about 880 cSt.
• EXAMPLES 1-3 illustrate functional fluid compositions comprising first glycols which includes alkoxylated ethylene glycols (e.g., ethoxy triglycol, butoxy triglycol, and butoxy diglycol) and second glycols which includes an alkoxylated propylene glycol.
• first glycols which includes alkoxylated ethylene glycols (e.g., ethoxy triglycol, butoxy triglycol, and butoxy diglycol)
• second glycols which includes an alkoxylated propylene glycol.
• the composition also includes a lubricant of ethylene glycols (i.e., first glycols which are not alkoxylated).
• the lubricant in EX. 1-3 includes about 15 - 35 wt% diethylene glycol, about 35 - 55 wt.% triethylene glycol, and about 25 - 45 wt% polyethylene glycol (having n of at least 4).
• EXAMPLE 4 illustrates a functional fluid composition
• a functional fluid composition comprising (e.g., consisting essentially of) a third glycols (e.g., a polyethylene-propylene glycol monomethyl ether and a polyethylene-propylene glycol monobutyl ether).
• the polyethylene- propylene glycol monoethyl ether has a molecular weight of about 200-300 daltons and the polyethylene-propylene glycol monobutyl ether has a molecular weight of about 200-400 daltons.
• the polyethylene-propylene glycol monoethyl ether, the polyethylene-propyl ⁇ ne glycol monobutyl ether, or both may contain less than about 10 wt% (e.g., less than about 5 wt%) of first glycols (e.g., alkoxylated polyethylene glycol), second glycols (e.g., alkoxylated polypropylene glycol), or both.
• first glycols e.g., alkoxylated polyethylene glycol
• second glycols e.g., alkoxylated polypropylene glycol
• Functional fluids of the present invention are well suited for use as a hydraulic fluid for numerous mechanical systems (e.g., hydraulic lifts, cranes, forklifts, bulldozers, hydraulic jacks, brake systems, combinations thereof, or the like). Th.e high ERBP, WERBP, and low temperature viscosity of these fluid compositions are well-suited for brake systems in transportation vehicles (e.g., fixed and rotary wing aircraft, trains, automobiles in classes 1 to 8, or the like). These braking systems include anti-lock braking systems (ABS), stability control systems, or combinations thereof. Thus, the present invention includes any of these systems which include the fluid compositions disclosed herein.
• ABS anti-lock braking systems
• Traditional automotive brake systems include a depression mechanism operably connected to a master cylinder, a pneumatic or hydraulic booster, brake lines, and a braking mechanism.
• a depression mechanism operably connected to a master cylinder, a pneumatic or hydraulic booster, brake lines, and a braking mechanism.
• an operator presses the depression mechanism and the master cylinder applies a pressure to the brake fluid that is transmitted through the brake lines to the braking mechanism that at least partially resists the motion of the wheel or wheels.
• Traditional brake systems require a booster pump to increase the pressure applied to the brake fluid to adequately operate the braking mechanism (e.g., to avoid a collision, when one or more wheels is slipping on a road surface, or combinations thereof) due to the high viscosity of traditional brake fluids.
• Brake systems of the present invention may include low viscosity functional fluids described above, traditional higher viscosity brake fluids, or any combination thereof.
• Preferred brake systems include brake fluids that consist essentially of the low viscosity functional fluids described above.
• brake systems of the present invention may optionally include a booster pump (e.g., a pre-charge booster pump); however, the booster pump is preferably not included in the brake system as the use of the presently disclosed brake fluid may make the booster pump extraneous. Exclusion of the booster pump would represent a cost savings over systems where a booster pump was required.

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• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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• 2008
  • 2008-09-26 US US12/239,012 patent/US20090088349A1/en not_active Abandoned
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