EP2195494B1 - Prefabricated module and structure comprising a concrete slab and a frame - Google Patents
Prefabricated module and structure comprising a concrete slab and a frame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2195494B1 EP2195494B1 EP08876068A EP08876068A EP2195494B1 EP 2195494 B1 EP2195494 B1 EP 2195494B1 EP 08876068 A EP08876068 A EP 08876068A EP 08876068 A EP08876068 A EP 08876068A EP 2195494 B1 EP2195494 B1 EP 2195494B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- module
- mesh
- connection
- bushing
- mechanical means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
- E04B1/043—Connections specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
- E04B1/4114—Elements with sockets
- E04B1/4121—Elements with sockets with internal threads or non-adjustable captive nuts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/386—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of unreconstituted or laminated wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
- E04B2001/4192—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry attached to concrete reinforcing elements, e.g. rods or wires
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a prefabricated module, prefabricated structure and related embodiment method.
- the said modules include a supporting frame, in high resistant laminated wood for example, and a concrete slab, preferably reinforced, enclosed by the frame.
- the prior art solutions consist in assembling the frame beforehand on the slab and subsequently pouring the concrete or conglomerate with various aggregates and binders, even synthetic, between the frame elements so as to fill the volume identified by the frame elements and sink the frame itself into the casting.
- connection between the frame and the slab of concrete or conglomerate of aggregates and binders occurs through incorporation following the solidification of the concrete or mix.
- the pouring of the binding element does not permit to verify the connection and the correct filling of module's entire volume.
- the casting technique of the prior art foresees that the casting takes place on the frames that are pre-assembled on the structure; in this manner the casting is carried out on a hyper-static structure and the shrinkage stress can reach considerable values such to cause numerous cracks, in correspondence with the interface between the casting and the frame.
- conglomerates also determines issues related to moisture and corrosion leading to the deterioration not only of the casting material but also its frame, often made of laminated wood.
- the problem at the basis of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated module which should solve the disadvantages mentioned above with reference to the prior art.
- figure 1 is a perspective view, partly cut-away, of a module according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
- figure 2 is a perspective view, partly cutaway, of the module in figure 1 , from the side of arrow II of figure 1 ;
- figure 3 is a plan view, in separate parts, of the module in figure 1 , from the side of arrow III of figure 1 ;
- figures 4-5 are a plan view of parts of the module in figure 1 ;
- figure 6a is a plan view of another part of the module in figure 1 ;
- figure 6b is a cutaway view of the part in figure 6a ;
- figures 7-8 are a perspective view of the parts in figure 6a in a subsequent assembly phase
- figure 9 represents an application of the module in figure 1 for the construction of a floor slab
- figure 10 is a side view of the module in figure 9 , from the side of arrow X of figure 9 .
- reference number 4 generally denotes a prefabricated module for the creation of structural walls and/or floor slabs.
- Module 4 includes a supporting frame 8 which comprises for example, a pair of uprights 10
- the uprights 10 are made of high resistance wood, such as laminated wood for example, and comprise a volume 12 suitable to be occupied, at least in part, by a slab 16. According to further embodiment, the uprights 10 are made of metallic and/or polymer materials.
- Module 4 comprises at least one slab 16, in concrete and/or conglomeration of various aggregates and binders, even synthetic, being that the said slab 16 is mechanically linked to the frame 8.
- the frame 8 has the supporting function for module 4, as well as the mechanical connection of module 4. In applications on vertical walls the slab 16 also has a wind bracing function.
- module 4 comprises a mesh 20 at least partially embedded in the said concrete and/or conglomerate slab 16.
- the module 4 comprises a mechanical connection means 24 that mechanically connects the slab 16 to the supporting frame 8.
- the said mechanical means of connection 24 are distinct from the slab 16 and the frame 8; in other words, they are means of connection created separately from the slab 16 and subsequently inserted through the slab 16 to block the latter to the frame 8.
- the mechanical connection means 24 comprise threaded means of connection 26 that at least partially screw onto the uprights 10 of the said supporting frame 8.
- the mechanical connection means 24 comprise expansion dowels and pins suitable to be driven with interference between the slab 16 and the frame 8 to create the related mechanical connection.
- the threaded means of connection 26 are inserted into sections of the said mesh 20, so as to block the mesh 20 to the supporting frame 8.
- the mesh 20 comprises fixing eyelets(not illustrated) and the threaded means of connection 26 pass through the said fixing eyelets.
- the mesh 20 comprises bars 32 arranged in a longitudinal direction Y-Y, parallel to the uprights 10 and in a crosswise direction X-X, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Y-Y, to exhibit a rectangular grid.
- the mesh therefore comprise openings 36 to insert the threaded means of connection 24,26.
- the openings 36 are parallel to the longitudinal direction Y-Y.
- the mesh 20 comprises pairs of parallel bars 32 and placed together to create rails 40 that delimit the opening 36 for the passage of the mechanical means of connection 24,26 and related fixing of the mesh 20 to the frame 8.
- the openings 36 are preferably continuous and interrupted by the related bars 32 arranged in a crosswise direction X-X. Thanks to the continuity of the openings 36 the positioning of the mechanical means of connection can be positioned in a continual manner so that the anchorage points of the slab 16 to the frame 8 can be moved at will.
- module 4 comprises bushings 44 positioned between the connection means 24,26 and the mesh 20, said bushings 44 being at least partially submerged in the concrete and/or conglomerate of aggregate and various binders, also synthetic of the slab 16.
- the bushings 44 comprise a bushing body 48, with predominant extension Z-Z, suitable to create a restraint between the bushing 44 and the mesh 20 and a closure cap 52 suitable to secure a chamber 56 internally delimited by the bushing body 48.
- the prevalent direction Z-Z is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Y-Y and crosswise direction X-X.
- the bushing body 48 comprises a groove 60 suitable to block itself axially in the opening 36 of the mesh 20, the said groove 60 being delimited by a pair of undercuts 64.
- the groove 60 has a thickness, along the predominant extension Z-Z, not less than the thickness of the mesh 20 bars 32 so that is can house the bars.
- the bushing body 48 comprises a coupling section 68 suitable to be inserted in the said opening 36 of the mesh 20, following a predetermined angular orientation in relation to the predominant extension Z-Z, and a fixing section 72 with greater dimensions to the said opening 32 of the mesh 20.
- the groove 60 is axially delimited, along the predominant extension Z-Z, by the coupling section 68 and the fixing section 72 respectively, the sections of which comprise the undercuts 64 for the groove 60.
- the groove 60 comprises at lease one splay 76 to facilitate the rotation of the bushing body 48 inside the opening 36 so as to rotate in a predefined closure position, in which the coupling position 68 has an angular orientation that prevents the extraction of the bushing 44 from the mesh 20 ( figure 8 ).
- the fixing section 72 has a concave cup configuration and encapsulates the said chamber 56, so that the mechanical means of connection 24,26 can be housed.
- the bushing body 48 comprises an axial hole 80 to pass the mechanical means of connection 24,26.
- the bushing body 48 in correspondence with the axial hole 80, comprises a threaded section 81, suitable to permit the screwing of the mechanical means of connection 24,26 and/or the lifting means for the module.
- the closure cap 52 is connected in a removable manner to the bushing body 48 in order to selectively close the chamber 56 inside the bushing body 48.
- the closure cap 52 is connected in a removable manner to the bushing body 48 by means of a suitably shaped coupling so as to rotate the body itself, by means of the closure cap 52, in relation to the said predominant extension Z-Z.
- the bushing body 48 has protuberances or notches on the outer side surfaces to allow the external clasping and rotation.
- the rotation of the bushing body 48 also determines the rotation of the coupling section 68 that prevents subsequent extraction through the opening 36.
- the bushing 44 is made of a polymeric material.
- the bushing 44 comprises a metallic core at least partially covered internally or externally in a plastic/polymeric material to prevent direct contact between the metal and concrete or the conglomerate of aggregate and binders, also synthetic, as well as to prevent direct contact between the bushing and connectors if the covering is internal.
- the bushing 44 can also be made of several parts to allow the fixing to the mesh 20 without having to insert it and then rotate it inside the opening 36 but by acting on the two opposite ends of the bars 32 and inserting the two opposite parts of the bushing 44, in the opening 36, so as to make is solid by means of a coupling.
- the closure cap 52 is made of a synthetic or organic material.
- the modules 4 can be connected together in correspondence with the uprights 10 of the related frames 8 so as to construct a prefabricated structure for the attainment of constructions in general, such as walls, floor slabs ( figures 9-10 ) and roofing.
- a prefabricated module and a prefabricated structure according to the invention can be realised in a method.
- this method comprises the preparation phases of a preformatted formwork for a prefabricated module 4, the formwork having at least one closed outer structure, with a shape and dimension already existent or specifically constructed both horizontally and vertically, suitable to be set on a supporting surface, such as a pallet.
- the mesh 20 is placed on the formwork, and a number of bushings 44 are inserted into the mesh so as to bilaterally restrain the groove 60 of the bushing 44 in the appropriate opening 36 of the mesh 20 ( figure 4 ).
- the introduction of the bushings 44 in the opening 36 of the mesh 20 is made by orientating edgeways the coupling section 68 of the bushing body 48 until connecting the groove 60 with the bars 32 of the mesh 20 ( figure 7 ) and then rotating the bushing body 48, by means of the related closure cap 52, so as to prevent subsequent extraction of the bushing from the opening 36 ( figure 7-8 ).
- the coupling section 68 creates the spacing function of the mesh 20 from the casting surface. In this way the mesh 20 is positioned in the approximate center of the thickness of the subsequent slab 16.
- the method therefore comprises the phase of making a cast of conglomerate and/or concrete on the mesh 20 so as to submerge the mesh 20 and the bushings 44.
- the mesh becomes incorporate in the slab 16 and the rotation of the bushings is blocked inside the slab.
- the thickness of the cast is such to not surpass the closure cap 52 to allow the subsequent removal of the cap itself.
- closure caps 52 of the bushings 44 that prevent the casting substance from filling the camber 56 of the bushing body 48 can be removed.
- the chamber 56 of the bushing body is therefore empty and the mechanical means of connection 24,26 can be housed inside it.
- a number of eyelets or eyebolt can be inserted and screwed into the threaded section 81 of the bushing 44 and hooded for example to the hood of a site crane.
- the slab is rested on the uprights 10 of the frame 8 and self-tapping screws are inserted, or other mechanical connections, through the slab 16 in order to engage the means of connection 24,26 in the uprights 10 of the frame 8 and to fix the slab 16 to the frame 8.
- the prefabricated module according to the invention allows overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the module can be made separately, or rather directly on the structure under construction on site, or in the factory, in an extremely fast and economic manner, with fully mechanised assembly.
- a single module can be made in an average time of 10 minutes and at extremely reduced costs.
- the implementation operation guarantees greater safety for the personnel, both in terms of duration of the assembly as well as the automation and planning of the assembly.
- the implementation is also independent from atmospheric conditions; therefore the overall assembly times are reduced and the implementation of the structure can be performed without seasonality.
- the assembly of the prefabricated modules can be carried out dry: in this way greater precision, quality and assembly easy can be guaranteed, as well as an improved stability of the structure made in this way.
- the separate construction of the modules allows the control of the dimensional tolerances of the slab, its level of finish, as well as limiting the residual stress due to the solidification of the casting.
- the polymeric bushing also with a metallic core, creates a thermal barrier between the concrete and the mechanical means of connection, and avoids that the difference in temperature inside the module creates condensate in the wood that constitutes the supporting structure of the module.
- the bushings create a thermal and electrostatic barrier and also avert the rusting of metal parts, such as the screws and mesh.
- the screws apply a force on the elements of the metal mesh avoiding direct action on the concrete and cause it damage.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a prefabricated module, prefabricated structure and related embodiment method.
- In the building sector it is known to make prefabricated modules to form, once assembled together, an entire prefabricated structure (cf
US 5414972 ). - In particular, the said modules include a supporting frame, in high resistant laminated wood for example, and a concrete slab, preferably reinforced, enclosed by the frame.
- The prior art solutions consist in assembling the frame beforehand on the slab and subsequently pouring the concrete or conglomerate with various aggregates and binders, even synthetic, between the frame elements so as to fill the volume identified by the frame elements and sink the frame itself into the casting.
- In this way the connection between the frame and the slab of concrete or conglomerate of aggregates and binders occurs through incorporation following the solidification of the concrete or mix.
- The prior art solutions exhibit numerous problems and inconveniences.
- In fact, the pouring of the binding element, be it concrete or conglomerate, does not permit to verify the connection and the correct filling of module's entire volume.
- Furthermore, following the solidification of the binder, conglomerate or concrete, misalignments inevitably occur due to shrinkage stresses that undermine both the aesthetics as well as the structural resistance of the module itself.
- It should be noted that the casting technique of the prior art foresees that the casting takes place on the frames that are pre-assembled on the structure; in this manner the casting is carried out on a hyper-static structure and the shrinkage stress can reach considerable values such to cause numerous cracks, in correspondence with the interface between the casting and the frame.
- In other words solidified slabs loose planarity and trigger high residual shrinkage stresses. The loss of planarity gives the module a low aesthetic impact and residual stresses threaten to establish the formation of cracks.
- It is also known from
DE 3545920 andAU 488954B - The use of conglomerates also determines issues related to moisture and corrosion leading to the deterioration not only of the casting material but also its frame, often made of laminated wood.
- The problem at the basis of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated module which should solve the disadvantages mentioned above with reference to the prior art.
- Such disadvantages are solved by a module in accordance with
claim 1 and by a structure in accordance with claim 15. - Other embodiments of the device according to the invention are described in the subsequent claims
- Further features and the advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly from the following description of preferred non-limiting embodiments thereof, wherein:
-
figure 1 is a perspective view, partly cut-away, of a module according to a further embodiment of the present invention; -
figure 2 is a perspective view, partly cutaway, of the module infigure 1 , from the side of arrow II offigure 1 ; -
figure 3 is a plan view, in separate parts, of the module infigure 1 , from the side of arrow III offigure 1 ; -
figures 4-5 are a plan view of parts of the module infigure 1 ; -
figure 6a is a plan view of another part of the module infigure 1 ; -
figure 6b is a cutaway view of the part infigure 6a ; -
figures 7-8 are a perspective view of the parts infigure 6a in a subsequent assembly phase; -
figure 9 represents an application of the module infigure 1 for the construction of a floor slab; -
figure 10 is a side view of the module infigure 9 , from the side of arrow X offigure 9 . - With reference to the above figures,
reference number 4 generally denotes a prefabricated module for the creation of structural walls and/or floor slabs. -
Module 4 includes a supportingframe 8 which comprises for example, a pair ofuprights 10 - According to an embodiment, the
uprights 10 are made of high resistance wood, such as laminated wood for example, and comprise avolume 12 suitable to be occupied, at least in part, by aslab 16. According to further embodiment, theuprights 10 are made of metallic and/or polymer materials. -
Module 4 comprises at least oneslab 16, in concrete and/or conglomeration of various aggregates and binders, even synthetic, being that the saidslab 16 is mechanically linked to theframe 8. - The
frame 8 has the supporting function formodule 4, as well as the mechanical connection ofmodule 4. In applications on vertical walls theslab 16 also has a wind bracing function. - According to the invention,
module 4 comprises amesh 20 at least partially embedded in the said concrete and/orconglomerate slab 16. - The
module 4 comprises a mechanical connection means 24 that mechanically connects theslab 16 to the supportingframe 8. The said mechanical means of connection 24 are distinct from theslab 16 and theframe 8; in other words, they are means of connection created separately from theslab 16 and subsequently inserted through theslab 16 to block the latter to theframe 8. - According to an embodiment, the mechanical connection means 24 comprise threaded means of connection 26 that at least partially screw onto the
uprights 10 of the said supportingframe 8. - According to a further embodiment, the mechanical connection means 24 comprise expansion dowels and pins suitable to be driven with interference between the
slab 16 and theframe 8 to create the related mechanical connection. - Preferably, the threaded means of connection 26 are inserted into sections of the said
mesh 20, so as to block themesh 20 to the supportingframe 8. - For example, the
mesh 20 comprises fixing eyelets(not illustrated) and the threaded means of connection 26 pass through the said fixing eyelets. - According to a preferred embodiment, the
mesh 20 comprisesbars 32 arranged in a longitudinal direction Y-Y, parallel to theuprights 10 and in a crosswise direction X-X, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Y-Y, to exhibit a rectangular grid. - The mesh therefore comprise
openings 36 to insert the threaded means of connection 24,26. According to an embodiment, theopenings 36 are parallel to the longitudinal direction Y-Y. - According to an embodiment, the
mesh 20 comprises pairs ofparallel bars 32 and placed together to createrails 40 that delimit theopening 36 for the passage of the mechanical means of connection 24,26 and related fixing of themesh 20 to theframe 8. - The
openings 36 are preferably continuous and interrupted by therelated bars 32 arranged in a crosswise direction X-X. Thanks to the continuity of theopenings 36 the positioning of the mechanical means of connection can be positioned in a continual manner so that the anchorage points of theslab 16 to theframe 8 can be moved at will. - According to the invention,
module 4 comprisesbushings 44 positioned between the connection means 24,26 and themesh 20, saidbushings 44 being at least partially submerged in the concrete and/or conglomerate of aggregate and various binders, also synthetic of theslab 16. - According to the invention , the
bushings 44 comprise abushing body 48, with predominant extension Z-Z, suitable to create a restraint between thebushing 44 and themesh 20 and aclosure cap 52 suitable to secure achamber 56 internally delimited by thebushing body 48. In an assembly configuration of thebushing body 48 on themesh 20, the prevalent direction Z-Z is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Y-Y and crosswise direction X-X. - According to an embodiment, the
bushing body 48 comprises agroove 60 suitable to block itself axially in the opening 36 of themesh 20, the saidgroove 60 being delimited by a pair ofundercuts 64. - Advantageously, the
groove 60 has a thickness, along the predominant extension Z-Z, not less than the thickness of themesh 20bars 32 so that is can house the bars. - According to an embodiment, the
bushing body 48 comprises acoupling section 68 suitable to be inserted in the said opening 36 of themesh 20, following a predetermined angular orientation in relation to the predominant extension Z-Z, and afixing section 72 with greater dimensions to the said opening 32 of themesh 20. - In other words, the
groove 60 is axially delimited, along the predominant extension Z-Z, by thecoupling section 68 and thefixing section 72 respectively, the sections of which comprise theundercuts 64 for thegroove 60. - Preferably, the
groove 60 comprises at lease onesplay 76 to facilitate the rotation of thebushing body 48 inside theopening 36 so as to rotate in a predefined closure position, in which thecoupling position 68 has an angular orientation that prevents the extraction of thebushing 44 from the mesh 20 (figure 8 ). - Preferably, the
fixing section 72 has a concave cup configuration and encapsulates thesaid chamber 56, so that the mechanical means of connection 24,26 can be housed. - The
bushing body 48 comprises anaxial hole 80 to pass the mechanical means of connection 24,26. In particular, thebushing body 48, in correspondence with theaxial hole 80, comprises a threadedsection 81, suitable to permit the screwing of the mechanical means of connection 24,26 and/or the lifting means for the module. - The
closure cap 52 is connected in a removable manner to thebushing body 48 in order to selectively close thechamber 56 inside thebushing body 48. - Preferably, the
closure cap 52 is connected in a removable manner to the bushingbody 48 by means of a suitably shaped coupling so as to rotate the body itself, by means of theclosure cap 52, in relation to the said predominant extension Z-Z. According to a further embodiment, thebushing body 48 has protuberances or notches on the outer side surfaces to allow the external clasping and rotation. - The rotation of the
bushing body 48 also determines the rotation of thecoupling section 68 that prevents subsequent extraction through theopening 36. - According to the invention , the
bushing 44 is made of a polymeric material. According to a further embodiment, thebushing 44 comprises a metallic core at least partially covered internally or externally in a plastic/polymeric material to prevent direct contact between the metal and concrete or the conglomerate of aggregate and binders, also synthetic, as well as to prevent direct contact between the bushing and connectors if the covering is internal. Thebushing 44 can also be made of several parts to allow the fixing to themesh 20 without having to insert it and then rotate it inside theopening 36 but by acting on the two opposite ends of thebars 32 and inserting the two opposite parts of thebushing 44, in the opening 36, so as to make is solid by means of a coupling. - According to a further embodiment, the
closure cap 52 is made of a synthetic or organic material. - The
modules 4 can be connected together in correspondence with theuprights 10 of therelated frames 8 so as to construct a prefabricated structure for the attainment of constructions in general, such as walls, floor slabs (figures 9-10 ) and roofing. - By way of example a prefabricated module and a prefabricated structure according to the invention can be realised in a method.
- In particular, this method comprises the preparation phases of a preformatted formwork for a
prefabricated module 4, the formwork having at least one closed outer structure, with a shape and dimension already existent or specifically constructed both horizontally and vertically, suitable to be set on a supporting surface, such as a pallet. - Thereby the
mesh 20 is placed on the formwork, and a number ofbushings 44 are inserted into the mesh so as to bilaterally restrain thegroove 60 of thebushing 44 in theappropriate opening 36 of the mesh 20 (figure 4 ). - In particular, the introduction of the
bushings 44 in theopening 36 of themesh 20 is made by orientating edgeways thecoupling section 68 of thebushing body 48 until connecting thegroove 60 with thebars 32 of the mesh 20 (figure 7 ) and then rotating thebushing body 48, by means of therelated closure cap 52, so as to prevent subsequent extraction of the bushing from the opening 36 (figure 7-8 ). - Note that the
coupling section 68 creates the spacing function of themesh 20 from the casting surface. In this way themesh 20 is positioned in the approximate center of the thickness of thesubsequent slab 16. - The method therefore comprises the phase of making a cast of conglomerate and/or concrete on the
mesh 20 so as to submerge themesh 20 and thebushings 44. - Following solidification, the mesh becomes incorporate in the
slab 16 and the rotation of the bushings is blocked inside the slab. The thickness of the cast is such to not surpass theclosure cap 52 to allow the subsequent removal of the cap itself. - Following the complete solidification of the casting the closure caps 52 of the
bushings 44 that prevent the casting substance from filling thecamber 56 of thebushing body 48 can be removed. - After the closure caps 52 have been removed, the
chamber 56 of the bushing body is therefore empty and the mechanical means of connection 24,26 can be housed inside it. - To permit the lifting and movement of the
module 4, a number of eyelets or eyebolt (not illustrated) can be inserted and screwed into the threadedsection 81 of thebushing 44 and hooded for example to the hood of a site crane. - Subsequently, the slab is rested on the
uprights 10 of theframe 8 and self-tapping screws are inserted, or other mechanical connections, through theslab 16 in order to engage the means of connection 24,26 in theuprights 10 of theframe 8 and to fix theslab 16 to theframe 8. - It is then possible to complete the module by applying a layer of
plaster 82 for example, or a finish for exposed faces, in correspondence with anexternal face 84 and if necessary applying a layer of thermal oracoustic insulation material 86 in correspondence with aninternal face 88. - As can be seen from the description, the prefabricated module according to the invention allows overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art.
- In particular, the module can be made separately, or rather directly on the structure under construction on site, or in the factory, in an extremely fast and economic manner, with fully mechanised assembly.
- For example, a single module can be made in an average time of 10 minutes and at extremely reduced costs.
- The implementation operation guarantees greater safety for the personnel, both in terms of duration of the assembly as well as the automation and planning of the assembly.
- The implementation is also independent from atmospheric conditions; therefore the overall assembly times are reduced and the implementation of the structure can be performed without seasonality.
- Furthermore, the assembly of the prefabricated modules can be carried out dry: in this way greater precision, quality and assembly easy can be guaranteed, as well as an improved stability of the structure made in this way.
- In fact, as already explained, the separate construction of the modules allows the control of the dimensional tolerances of the slab, its level of finish, as well as limiting the residual stress due to the solidification of the casting.
- The use of mechanical means of connection guarantees greater stability and resistance of the structure assembled in this manner.
- The only operations that can be carried out on site or directly on the panel during assembly are related to the application of external plaster, of the concrete face in structural panels for walls; whereas modules for floor slabs the application can be performed on the part beneath the slab (from the formwork side), of a finish even coloured to finish the element. Panels can be connected to the internal part of both elements, for example with plasterboard and/or insulating material, both for the thermal-acoustic insulation of the structure as well as protection against fire.
- The polymeric bushing, also with a metallic core, creates a thermal barrier between the concrete and the mechanical means of connection, and avoids that the difference in temperature inside the module creates condensate in the wood that constitutes the supporting structure of the module.
- In other words, the bushings create a thermal and electrostatic barrier and also avert the rusting of metal parts, such as the screws and mesh.
- Furthermore, thanks to the presence of the bushing, the screws apply a force on the elements of the metal mesh avoiding direct action on the concrete and cause it damage.
Claims (15)
- Prefabricated module (4) for walls, floor slabs, roofs and constructions in general, comprising a supporting frame (8), at least one slab (16) of concrete and/or conglomerate of various aggregates and binders, also synthetic, said slab (16) being connected to the said frame (8), a mesh (20) at least partially submerged into the slab (16),
wherein
the module (4) comprises mechanical means of connection (24,26), separate from the slab (16) and the frame (8), said mechanical means of connection mechanically unite the slab (16) to the supporting frame (8),
characterised in that
the module (4) comprises at least one bushing (44) placed between the mechanical means of connection (24,26) and the mesh (20), said bushing (44) being at least partially submerged in the casting,
wherein said bushing (44) comprises a bushing body (48), with predominant extension (Z-Z), suitable to create a restraint between the bushing (44) and the mesh (20) and a closure cap (52) suitable to block a chamber (56) internally delimited by the bushing body (48),
wherein the bushing (44) is made of a polymeric material. - Module (4) according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical means of connection (24,26) comprise threaded means of connection (26) screwed at least partially in uprights (10) of the said supporting frame (8).
- Module (4) according to claim 2, wherein the mechanical means of connection (24,26) are inserted into a section of the said mesh (20), to directly block the mesh (20) to the supporting frame (8).
- Module (4) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the mesh (20) comprises bars (32) arrange in a longitudinal direction (Y-Y) and a crosswise direction (X-X), perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (Y-Y), to exhibit a rectangular grid, said bars (32) comprise openings (36) to insert the mechanical means of connection (24,26).
- Module (4) according to claim 4, wherein the mesh (20) comprises a pair of parallel bars (32) and brought together to create tracks (40) that delimit the opening (36) to insert the mechanical means of connection (24,26) and the related fixing of the mesh (20) and frame (8).
- Module (4) according to claim 1, wherein the bushing body (48) comprises a groove (60) suitable to axially block into the opening (36) of the mesh (20), said groove (60) being delimited by a pair of undercuts (64).
- Module (4) according to claim 1, wherein the bushing body (48) comprises a coupling section (68) suitable to be inserted into the said opening (36) of the mesh (20), following a predetermined angular orientation in respect to the predominant extension (Z-Z), and a fixing section (72) with greater dimensions to the said opening (36) of the mesh (20).
- Module (4) according to claim 7, wherein the groove (60) is delimited by opposite parts, along the predominant extension (Z-Z), of the coupling section (68) and of the fixing section (72).
- Module (4) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the groove (60) comprises at least one splay (76) suitable to ease the rotation of the bushing body (48) inside the opening (36) so as to rotate into a predefined fixing position, wherein the coupling section (68) assumes an angular orientation that prevents the extraction of the bushing (44) from the opening (36) of the mesh (20).
- Module (4) according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the fixing section (72) has a concave cup configuration, to house the mechanical means of connection (24,26).
- Module (4) according to any one of the claims from 1 to 10, wherein the bushing body (48) comprises an axial hole (80) to pass the mechanical means of connection (24,26) .
- Module (4) according to claim 11, wherein the bushing body (48), in correspondence with the axial hole (80), comprises a threaded section (81) suitable to allow the screw connection of the mechanical means of connection (24,26) and/or the lifting means for the module.
- Module (4) according to any one of the claims from 1 to 12, wherein the closure cap (52) is connected in a removable manner to the bushing body (48) to selectively close the chamber (56) inside the bushing body (48).
- Module (4) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the closure cap (52) is connected in a removable manner to the bushing body (48) by means of a coupling suitable to rotate the bushing body (48), by means of the closure cap (52), in respect to said predominant extension (Z-Z).
- Prefabricated structure comprising a number of modules (4) in accordance with any one of the claims from 1 to 14, wherein the said modules (4) are set side by side in correspondence with the uprights (10) of the related frames (8), to create building walls or floor slabs.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200830795T SI2195494T1 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2008-10-10 | Prefabricated module and structure comprising a concrete slab and a frame |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IT2008/000640 WO2010041284A1 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2008-10-10 | Prefabricated module, prefabricated structure and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2195494A1 EP2195494A1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
EP2195494B1 true EP2195494B1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
Family
ID=41016887
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP08876068A Active EP2195494B1 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2008-10-10 | Prefabricated module and structure comprising a concrete slab and a frame |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2195494B1 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20120865T1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI2195494T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010041284A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20210317653A1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2021-10-14 | Luis Manuel GARCIA CASTRO | Device for securing construction modules |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1250008A (en) * | 1968-06-05 | 1971-10-20 | Rawlplug Co Ltd | Improvements in the casting of concrete articles |
AU488954B2 (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1975-04-10 | Construction Equipment Ltd. | Anchorage device for inclusion in concrete castings |
DE3545920A1 (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-06-25 | Hochtemperatur Reaktorbau Gmbh | Concrete anchor |
US4676035A (en) * | 1986-03-27 | 1987-06-30 | Home Crafts Corporation | Reinforced concrete panels with improved welded joint |
US5414972A (en) * | 1993-11-09 | 1995-05-16 | Composite Building Systems Incorporated | Reinforced structural member for building constructions |
US6003278A (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 1999-12-21 | We-Mar, Inc. | Monolithic stud form for concrete wall production |
US6837013B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2005-01-04 | Joel Foderberg | Lightweight precast concrete wall panel system |
-
2008
- 2008-10-10 WO PCT/IT2008/000640 patent/WO2010041284A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-10 SI SI200830795T patent/SI2195494T1/en unknown
- 2008-10-10 EP EP08876068A patent/EP2195494B1/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-10-25 HR HRP20120865AT patent/HRP20120865T1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2195494A1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
HRP20120865T1 (en) | 2012-11-30 |
WO2010041284A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
SI2195494T1 (en) | 2012-12-31 |
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