EP2193110A1 - Single-layer facade coating and production method therefor - Google Patents

Single-layer facade coating and production method therefor

Info

Publication number
EP2193110A1
EP2193110A1 EP08832009A EP08832009A EP2193110A1 EP 2193110 A1 EP2193110 A1 EP 2193110A1 EP 08832009 A EP08832009 A EP 08832009A EP 08832009 A EP08832009 A EP 08832009A EP 2193110 A1 EP2193110 A1 EP 2193110A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
polysiloxane
composition
water
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08832009A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Comoy
Thierry Declemy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Weber SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Weber SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Weber SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Weber SA
Publication of EP2193110A1 publication Critical patent/EP2193110A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
    • C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
    • C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
    • C04B41/495—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as oligomers or polymers
    • C04B41/4961—Polyorganosiloxanes, i.e. polymers with a Si-O-Si-O-chain; "silicones"
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/40—Compounds containing silicon, titanium or zirconium or other organo-metallic compounds; Organo-clays; Organo-inorganic complexes
    • C04B24/42—Organo-silicon compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C04B2111/00517—Coating or impregnation materials for masonry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
    • C04B2111/2076—Discolouring resistant materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/2092—Resistance against biological degradation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/21—Efflorescence resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new coating, particularly monolayer, in the field of construction, as well as its manufacturing process and its use for coating and treating surfaces (exterior or interior) of buildings, especially facades.
  • plaster, or mortar, used in facades allow the waterproofing and decoration of the outer walls (usually vertical or inclined).
  • waterproofing prevents water from reaching the support (this also implies that the coating must not crack, must adhere to the support, etc.).
  • the decoration includes, in particular, dressage (planing action), color and appearance (eg smooth, trowel, scraped, structured, washed, etc.).
  • coatings there are different types of coatings (in particular coated monolayers or deposited in several different layers with generally separated functionalities, coatings of essentially mineral or organic type, etc.), each type of coating having specific properties and the choice of the coating generally operating according to different criteria (cost, function (s) sought, manipulation (manual or mechanical application), media to be coated, mode of application, geographical location, climatic conditions, height of the building, etc. ).
  • monolayer plaster lies in the fact that it alone (in one or possibly several passes according to the particular aspect sought) ensures the functions of waterproofing and decoration, unlike other so-called "traditional" coatings for which, in order to obtain the same result, it is necessary to superimpose layers of different compositions with, in particular, more or less long drying times between these layers.
  • Mono coating can be used alone as a surface coating and does not need to be completed by a layer of another coating to be operational, even if the application of other layers is not prohibited so far.
  • the monolayer coating allows a quick laying and providing the desired functions in a single product, its formulation is more complex than other coatings; in addition, like other coatings, its performance in terms of water resistance or hydrophobicity is not always sufficient to avoid alterations (particularly aesthetic or potentially visible) over time (especially for mineral coatings), such as differences in hues, due in particular to carbonation or bleaching phenomena and / or due to crazing phenomena and / or drying differentiated according to the locations, etc., or even biofouling (fungi, etc.). .), mineral (dust, %), and / or organic (smoke, soot, ...), or the proliferation of plant formations, etc.
  • the present invention has sought to develop an improved coating for waterproofing and decorating building surfaces, in particular an improved aesthetic longevity coating having and providing increased and durable water resistance to said surfaces (and allowing to limit, as the case may be, visible alterations such as differences in hues and / or soiling and / or proliferation of plant formations), without this improvement being to the detriment of the other properties of the coating, this coating being particularly suitable for the market new or renovated, convenient to handle and to install according to common methods.
  • coating comprising is meant “coating whose initial constituent (s) are -- or “coating formed from ", the coating after mixing including with water and / or after application on a surface in the form of a cream or a hardened layer in which certain constituents have optionally reacted.
  • This coating (or mortar) according to the invention is preferably a mineral coating (that is to say in which the binder, in particular, is essentially - at least 95% and usually 100% - mineral), or may be optionally a organic coating (in which, for example, the binder is essentially based on organic resin (s)).
  • a mineral coating that is to say in which the binder, in particular, is essentially - at least 95% and usually 100% - mineral
  • the binder is essentially based on organic resin (s)
  • it comprises (or is formed or prepared from) a mixture of components (basic mixture), which mixture may be chosen optionally from coating compositions or existing mortars commonly used to coat facades (especially for thermal insulation from the outside).
  • this mixture of components comprises at least one binder and aggregates.
  • the binder plays in particular on the adhesion, the cohesion and the resistance of the coating, and can be mineral and / or organic; it is generally formed of at least (or consisting of) cement (in particular Portland cement, especially white or gray, etc.) and / or plaster, and may also comprise lime (in particular aerial or hydraulic) and / or one or more organic resins (for example acrylic or styrene type, etc.). It is generally added to the mixture in the form of a powder, of particle size distributed in particular between 0 and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the level of binder in the coating composition according to the invention is generally between 5 and 30% by weight relative to the composition of the coating ready to tempering (that is to say before adding water this composition is then conventionally in the form of a powder mixture).
  • Aggregates play in particular on the thickness, the hardness, the final appearance and the permeability of the coating, and are generally formed of siliceous, calcareous and / or silico-calcareous sands, generally presenting a granulometry between 100 .mu.m and 5 mm, in particular between 100 .mu.m and 3 mm.
  • the level of aggregates in the composition of the ready-to-mix coating is generally between 60 and 90% by weight.
  • the base mixture or the composition of the coating may also comprise components called fillers, generally in the form of a powder, particle size in particular between 0 and 120 microns, these fillers being generally limestone or siliceous.
  • the level of fillers in the composition of the ready-to-mix coating is generally between 0 and 30% by weight, the total sum of binder and fillers generally being between 5 and 60% by weight.
  • the mixture may further comprise lightening fillers, for example expanded vermiculite and / or expanded perlite and / or glass expanded and / or expanded polystyrene, or even plant fibers, etc., these fillers having optionally a particle size distributed generally between 0 and 3 mm.
  • the level of leaching loads in the composition of the plaster ready to tempering is generally between 0 and 10% by weight.
  • additives or adjuvants conferring particular properties for example rheological agents, water-retaining agents, air-entraining agents, thickening agents, biocidal protective agents, dispersing agents, debulking agents, pigments (in particular mineral pigments), fibers (in the case of fiber coatings) of reinforcing or rheological functionality, accelerators and / or retarders, and / or other agents for improving the taking, hardening, stability of the coating after application, and / or playing on the color, the implementation of the coating, etc.
  • the level of these additives and adjuvants in the composition of the ready-to-mix coating generally does not exceed the order of 10% by weight, and is most often between 0.1 and 10% by weight.
  • the polysiloxane having at least one amine function mentioned according to the invention is an adjuvant or additive that can be conveniently added to the mixture already formed (it can be added to a pre-existing mixture) or can be add during the manufacture of the mixture or the coating (ready to mix or mixed with water) from the various constituents mentioned above.
  • the level of adjuvant (s) in the form of polysiloxane (s) having at least one amine function in the composition of the ready-to-mix coating is preferably at least 0.1% by weight, and in most cases does not exceed not (is less than or equal to) 1% by weight; generally this level of polysiloxane (s) having at least one amine function is of the order of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the composition of the coating ready to tempering.
  • the polysiloxane mentioned according to the invention has a main chain formed of an alternation of silicon-oxygen atoms on which groups, in particular organic groups (organopolysiloxane), bind (on the silicon atoms), at least one of these groups incorporating at least one amine group (or function) according to the invention (this amine group optionally contributing to couplings, connections, bindings, crosslinking, in particular in the final coating and / or in a mixture in the matrix cement).
  • This polysiloxane is in particular part of the silicone oils. It is in particular a copolymer (in particular bi-or ter-polymer) formed of a repetition of different units (or siloxanes) (in particular a repetition of two or three different types of units or siloxanes, of which at least one includes an amino group).
  • the polysiloxane according to the invention advantageously has a long main chain formed of a number n of units (or repeating units or siloxanes) which can reach several thousands, in particular greater than 15, in particular between 40 and 3000, this polysiloxane being in particular a linear or non-cyclic polysiloxane (chain optionally branched, but not closed, "acyclic" and / or not having a ring) .
  • the coating according to the invention may also comprise a cyclic polysiloxane, especially in combination with a linear and / or acyclic polysiloxane (and in a generally lower proportion).
  • the polysiloxane according to the invention is a polyalkylsiloxane (having at least one amino function (or group)), the alkyl groups carried by the silicon atoms in the main chain being chosen especially from the alkyl groups (or radicals) whose main chain has from 1 to 12, preferably from 1 to 6, carbon atoms, the majority of these alkyl groups being generally and advantageously methyl groups.
  • the polysiloxane is also terminating (s) (tri) alkylsiloxy, in particular trimethylsiloxy.
  • the polysiloxane according to the invention has at least one amino group or in particular aminoalkyl, in particular of -R-NH 2 or -R-NH-R'-NH 2 type in which R and R 'are chosen from groups ( or radicals) alkyls whose main chain has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, this group being attached to a silicon atom, in particular non-terminal but internal to the main chain.
  • the coating comprises, as polysiloxane (s), at least one preferentially linear and / or acyclic amino-functional polydimethylsiloxane, for example a dipolymer or polysiloxane such as dimethyl, methyl (aminoethylaminoisobutyl) siloxane with trimethylsiloxy termination, viscosity for example between 150 and 4000 cP and having a number n of units for example between 150 and 2000.
  • polysiloxane s
  • at least one preferentially linear and / or acyclic amino-functional polydimethylsiloxane for example a dipolymer or polysiloxane such as dimethyl, methyl (aminoethylaminoisobutyl) siloxane with trimethylsiloxy termination, viscosity for example between 150 and 4000 cP and having a number n of units for example between 150 and 2000.
  • the coating according to the invention may optionally comprise, as adjuvants, several different polysiloxane (s) having at least one amine function.
  • the coating according to the invention comprises other adjuvants of different formulation but may also contribute to improving the water resistance and longevity (particularly aesthetic) of the coated, for example from the family of silanes, and / or additional adjuvants with water-repellent effect, for example zinc stearate, sodium oleate, etc.
  • the coating according to the invention is in the form of powder in its ready-to-mix form, before adding water to obtain a creamy texture ready to be applied.
  • the mixing ratio (or added water) is generally of the order of 15 to 40 parts by weight (per 100 parts by weight of the ready-to-mix composition formed of the powder mixture). Note that the present invention relates to the plaster in its form ready to spoil as well as in its form mixed with water.
  • the coating according to the invention is a monolayer coating, providing in particular in one or two passes the desired hydrophobicity / water repellency and decoration functions. It can be used as a facing coating intended to be attached (projected, applied, etc.) to a surface (or support), such as a wall or facade surface of a building, to give it aesthetics and protection.
  • a surface or support
  • the surface or the support receiving the coating may be made of different materials such as concrete or blocks, brick, cement, lime cement, masonry, glass wool or rock, etc.
  • the coating according to the invention used in particular as a final layer, provides both the required aesthetic effect (color, etc.) and the functions sought for this type of coating, such as waterproofing and adhesion to the substrate. , mechanical strength (flexural, compressive, impact, cracking, etc.), resistance to temperature changes, freezing, ultraviolet, water vapor permeability, ease of implementation, and eventual training. It offers from the outset, without the need for a treatment or additional layer, a greatly improved protection against the penetration of water, the water in contact with this coating evacuating flowing along the coating, and effectively fights against the appearance of alterations (soils, plant formations, bleaching due to carbonation, crazing, drying spectra, etc.).
  • the coating shows a particularly effective effect with respect to water resistance, the water not absorbing but evacuating into drops on the surface of the coating layer, this effect " beading "significant and improved resulting in particular by a contact angle (of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said hardened coating) greater than 140 ° and / or by a stall angle (of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said hardened coating) less than 30 °.
  • the contact angle mentioned is measured by depositing a drop of distilled water of 8 ⁇ l using a micropipette on the surface of a smooth layer of hardened plaster (10 mm thick), then measuring by the top of the drop using a microscope the diameter of the drop (2 measurements per drop), this value of diameter to deduce the contact angle of the drop with the surface.
  • the stall angle mentioned is measured by randomly depositing ten drops of 48 ⁇ l distilled water (in all) on the surface of a layer of hardened plaster positioned on a flat plate, then tilting the plate with a constant speed (in particular of the order of 0.257seconds) and noting to what degree of inclination the drop falls.
  • the present invention also covers a coating characterized in that the contact angle of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said cured coating is greater than 140 ° and / or such that the stall angle of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said cured coating is less than 30 °.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a coating according to the invention, wherein the other components of the composition of the coating are added at least one polysiloxane having at least one amine function.
  • the polysiloxane may be added to the other components of the coating composition in the ready-to-mix formulation or in the ready-to-deposit coating after addition of water. Preferably, it is added to the powder coating composition by being previously adsorbed on at least one of the solid components of the composition.
  • the method according to the invention thus preferably comprises a prior step of adsorbing the polysiloxane, initially in liquid form (the polysiloxane corresponding in particular to a silicone oil) to the surface of a component of the coating capable of trapping ( in particular by physisorption) said polysiloxane before incorporation into the coating composition.
  • This adsorption is done in particular on a silicon-based component and / or even on a limestone component, in particular on all or part of the aggregates of the coating composition, for example by mixing the polysiloxane in liquid form with said granules.
  • the mixture obtained incorporating the polysiloxane is then added, if appropriate, to the other components of the coating composition, the polysiloxane optionally being salted out in the final composition obtained.
  • the coating according to the invention is advantageously preserved in the form of a powder (for example in a bag of coating ready to be spoiled) before its use.
  • the coating Prior to its deposition on a support, the coating is normally mixed with water and then deposited on a surface, for example a building facade.
  • the surface or support to receive the coating is generally clean, healthy (not at risk of fragmenting or crumbling), dusted and dry. If necessary, it may have been previously treated (for example pickled, ragréée, washed, provided with renformis, caulking, etc.) for example to equalize the surface, to make it suitable for receiving the coating according to the invention, to seal cracks, participate in the insulation of the support, etc.
  • the coating can be made by any method to obtain the desired thickness and appearance, for example by spreading the chosen coating or by projecting it with a compressed air device, etc.
  • the application of the coating can be made if necessary in one or more (depending for example the desired thickness, etc.) passes, applied fees on charges or if necessary dried before deposit of the next.
  • the drying of the coating according to the invention is advantageously uniform even if the support varies, thus avoiding color differences of the hardened coating.
  • reinforcing reinforcements for example in the form of reinforcing fiber grids
  • the latter may be incorporated in a layer (where appropriate one of the passes) of coated, still fresh, deposited on the laying surface.
  • the coating or mortar may be cleaned, for example with water before drying or brushed after drying.
  • the appearance conferred by the coating may be smooth or not, no additional treatment or addition of a finishing coating or additional film is necessary (the coating may however be provided with additional decorations such as paints, moldings, stamping or structuring, etc.)
  • the coating produced can be left bare, can be colored in the mass (due to the presence of pigments in the coating), can also be structured (with particular surface effects), for example by striation, stamping, shoeing , creation of ribs, etc. especially at the level of the coating.
  • the thickness of the final coating (after deposition and, depending on the desired appearance, possible scraping, etc.) is generally of the order of 8 to 20 mm, in particular of 10 to 15 mm approximately.
  • the drying and optional reaction (crosslinking, hardening) of the coating or of certain components of the coating is generally carried out at ambient temperature (in particular between 5 and 35 ° C.).
  • the present invention also relates to a support (or structure or substrate), such as a wall or building facade, coated, at least in part, with the coating according to the invention.
  • the coating composition according to the invention and the reference composition are formed from the same basic mixture consisting of an approved mortar as defined in the EN 196-1 standard, said mortar being based on cement and sand (including aggregates).
  • the reference coating and the coating according to the invention different in that in the reference coating, the previous base mixture is completed by 2 parts by weight of zinc stearate (per 1000 parts by weight of the base mixture ) as an additive with water-repellent effect, while in the coating according to the invention the base mixture is completed by 2 parts by weight (per 1000 parts by weight of the base mixture) of an aminofunctional polydimethylsiloxane of viscosity included between 200 and 40OcP (number of siloxane units of the order of 160) and having an amine number of the order of 0.15%.
  • the contact angle of a drop of water measured for the coating according to the invention is greater than 165 ° whereas it varies between 95 and 105 ° for the reference coating; and for 3 tests carried out, each time on 10 drops, the stall angle varies between 10 and 30 ° (the vast majority of the measurements being less than 20 °) for the coating according to the invention, whereas in the case of the reference coating, no drop having moved or fallen even for an angle greater than 90, this angle could not be evaluated (and is considered greater than 90 °). It is clear that in the case of the coating according to the invention, the water slides on the surface of the coating and is easily removed, while it tends to penetrate into the reference coating.
  • the coatings according to the invention can be used in particular as facade coatings on the vertical or inclined external walls of buildings, etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-layer facade coating comprising at least one polysiloxane having at least one amine function. The invention also relates to the production of said coating and to the use of same in order to improve hydrophobicity and to limit changes to facades, such as colour differences (carbonation, bleaching, crazing, different drying behaviours), biological, mineral or organic soiling and/or the proliferation of vegetation.

Description

ENDUIT MONOCOUCHE POUR FAÇADE ET SA FABRICATION SINGLE-SIDED COATING FOR FAÇADE AND ITS MANUFACTURE
La présente invention concerne un nouvel enduit, en particulier monocouche, dans le domaine de la construction, ainsi que son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation pour revêtir et traiter des surfaces (extérieures, voire intérieures) de bâtiments, en particulier des façades.The present invention relates to a new coating, particularly monolayer, in the field of construction, as well as its manufacturing process and its use for coating and treating surfaces (exterior or interior) of buildings, especially facades.
Traditionnellement, les enduits, ou mortiers, utilisés en façades permettent l'imperméabilisation et la décoration des parois extérieures (généralement verticales ou inclinées). L'imperméabilisation empêche notamment l'eau d'arriver au support (cela implique également que l'enduit ne doit pas fissurer, doit adhérer au support, etc). La décoration inclue notamment le dressage (action de rendre plan), la couleur et l'aspect (par exemple lisse, taloche, gratté, structuré, lavé, etc.). Il existe différents types d'enduits (en particulier enduits monocouches ou déposés en plusieurs couches différentes aux fonctionnalités généralement séparées, enduits de type essentiellement minéral ou organique, etc), chaque type d'enduit présentant des propriétés spécifiques et le choix de l'enduit s'opérant généralement en fonction de différents critères (coût, fonction(s) recherchée(s), manipulation (application manuelle ou mécanique), supports à revêtir, mode d'application, situation géographique, conditions climatiques, hauteur du bâtiment, etc.).Traditionally, plaster, or mortar, used in facades allow the waterproofing and decoration of the outer walls (usually vertical or inclined). In particular, waterproofing prevents water from reaching the support (this also implies that the coating must not crack, must adhere to the support, etc.). The decoration includes, in particular, dressage (planing action), color and appearance (eg smooth, trowel, scraped, structured, washed, etc.). There are different types of coatings (in particular coated monolayers or deposited in several different layers with generally separated functionalities, coatings of essentially mineral or organic type, etc.), each type of coating having specific properties and the choice of the coating generally operating according to different criteria (cost, function (s) sought, manipulation (manual or mechanical application), media to be coated, mode of application, geographical location, climatic conditions, height of the building, etc. ).
La particularité d'un enduit monocouche réside dans le fait qu'il assure à lui seul (en une ou éventuellement plusieurs passes selon notamment l'aspect recherché) les fonctions d'imperméabilisation et de décoration, contrairement aux autres enduits dits «traditionnels » pour lesquels, afin d'obtenir le même résultat, il faut superposer des couches de compositions différentes avec, notamment, des temps de séchage plus ou moins longs entre ces couches. L'enduit monocouche peut ainsi être utilisé seul comme revêtement de surface et ne nécessite pas d'être complété par une couche d'un autre enduit pour être opérationnel, même si l'application d'autres couches n'est pas interdite pour autant.The particularity of a monolayer plaster lies in the fact that it alone (in one or possibly several passes according to the particular aspect sought) ensures the functions of waterproofing and decoration, unlike other so-called "traditional" coatings for which, in order to obtain the same result, it is necessary to superimpose layers of different compositions with, in particular, more or less long drying times between these layers. Mono coating can be used alone as a surface coating and does not need to be completed by a layer of another coating to be operational, even if the application of other layers is not prohibited so far.
Cependant, si l'enduit monocouche permet une pose rapide et l'apport des fonctions recherchées en un seul produit, sa formulation est plus complexe que les autres enduits ; en outre, tout comme les autres enduits, ses performances en matière de résistance à l'eau ou hydrophobie ne sont pas toujours suffisantes pour éviter des altérations (en particulier esthétiques ou potentiellement visibles) dans le temps (en particulier pour les enduits minéraux), telles que des différentiations de teintes, dues notamment à des phénomènes de carbonatation ou blanchiments et/ou dues à des phénomènes de faïençage et/ou de séchages différenciés selon les endroits, etc, ou encore des salissures d'origine biologique (champignons,...), minérale (poussières,...), et/ou organique (fumées, suies,...), ou la prolifération de formations végétales, etc. La présente invention a cherché à mettre au point un enduit amélioré pour l'imperméabilisation et la décoration des surfaces de bâtiment, en particulier un enduit monocouche de longévité esthétique améliorée présentant et conférant une résistance à l'eau accrue et durable desdites surfaces (et permettant de limiter le cas échéant les altérations visibles telles que différentiations de teintes et/ou salissures et/ou prolifération de formations végétales), sans que cette amélioration se fasse au détriment des autres propriétés de l'enduit, cet enduit étant notamment approprié pour le marché du neuf ou de la rénovation, pratique à manipuler et à poser selon des méthodes courantes.However, if the monolayer coating allows a quick laying and providing the desired functions in a single product, its formulation is more complex than other coatings; in addition, like other coatings, its performance in terms of water resistance or hydrophobicity is not always sufficient to avoid alterations (particularly aesthetic or potentially visible) over time (especially for mineral coatings), such as differences in hues, due in particular to carbonation or bleaching phenomena and / or due to crazing phenomena and / or drying differentiated according to the locations, etc., or even biofouling (fungi, etc.). .), mineral (dust, ...), and / or organic (smoke, soot, ...), or the proliferation of plant formations, etc. The present invention has sought to develop an improved coating for waterproofing and decorating building surfaces, in particular an improved aesthetic longevity coating having and providing increased and durable water resistance to said surfaces (and allowing to limit, as the case may be, visible alterations such as differences in hues and / or soiling and / or proliferation of plant formations), without this improvement being to the detriment of the other properties of the coating, this coating being particularly suitable for the market new or renovated, convenient to handle and to install according to common methods.
Ce but est atteint grâce à l'enduit selon l'invention comprenant au moins un polysiloxane présentant au moins une fonction aminé.This object is achieved thanks to the coating according to the invention comprising at least one polysiloxane having at least one amine function.
Par « enduit comprenant » on entend " enduit dont le ou les constituants initiaux sont... " ou encore " enduit formé à partir de... ", l'enduit après mélange notamment avec l'eau et/ou après application sur une surface se présentant sous forme d'une crème ou d'une couche durcie dans laquelle certains constituants ont le cas échéant réagi.By "coating comprising" is meant "coating whose initial constituent (s) are ..." or "coating formed from ...", the coating after mixing including with water and / or after application on a surface in the form of a cream or a hardened layer in which certain constituents have optionally reacted.
Cet enduit (ou mortier) selon l'invention est préférentiellement un enduit minéral (c'est-à-dire dans lequel le liant, notamment, est essentiellement - à au moins 95% et généralement 100% - minéral), ou peut être éventuellement un enduit organique (dans lequel, par exemple, le liant est essentiellement à base de résine(s) organique(s)). Outre le(s) polysiloxane(s) précité(s), il comprend (ou est formé ou préparé à partir de) un mélange de composants (mélange de base), lequel mélange peut être choisi éventuellement parmi des compositions d'enduits ou de mortiers existantes communément employées pour enduire les façades (notamment pour l'isolation thermique par l'extérieur). De façon générale, ce mélange de composants comprend au moins un liant et des granulats.This coating (or mortar) according to the invention is preferably a mineral coating (that is to say in which the binder, in particular, is essentially - at least 95% and usually 100% - mineral), or may be optionally a organic coating (in which, for example, the binder is essentially based on organic resin (s)). In addition to the above-mentioned polysiloxane (s), it comprises (or is formed or prepared from) a mixture of components (basic mixture), which mixture may be chosen optionally from coating compositions or existing mortars commonly used to coat facades (especially for thermal insulation from the outside). In general, this mixture of components comprises at least one binder and aggregates.
Le liant joue notamment sur l'adhérence, la cohésion et la résistance de l'enduit, et peut être minéral et/ou organique ; il est généralement formé au moins de (ou constitué de) ciment (en particulier ciment Portland, notamment blanc ou gris, etc.) et/ou de plâtre, et peut également comprendre de la chaux (en particulier aérienne ou hydraulique) et/ou une ou des résines organiques (par exemple de type acrylique ou styrène, etc.). Il est généralement apporté au mélange sous forme de poudre, de granulométrie répartie en particulier entre 0 et 200 μm. Le taux de liant dans la composition d'enduit selon l'invention est généralement compris entre 5 et 30% en poids par rapport à la composition de l'enduit prêt à gâcher (c'est-à-dire avant ajout de l'eau, cette composition se présentant alors classiquement sous forme d'un mélange pulvérulent).The binder plays in particular on the adhesion, the cohesion and the resistance of the coating, and can be mineral and / or organic; it is generally formed of at least (or consisting of) cement (in particular Portland cement, especially white or gray, etc.) and / or plaster, and may also comprise lime (in particular aerial or hydraulic) and / or one or more organic resins (for example acrylic or styrene type, etc.). It is generally added to the mixture in the form of a powder, of particle size distributed in particular between 0 and 200 μm. The level of binder in the coating composition according to the invention is generally between 5 and 30% by weight relative to the composition of the coating ready to tempering (that is to say before adding water this composition is then conventionally in the form of a powder mixture).
Les granulats (ou agrégats ou sables) jouent notamment sur l'épaisseur, la dureté, l'aspect final et la perméabilité de l'enduit, et sont généralement formés de sables siliceux, calcaires et/ou silico-calcaires, présentant généralement une granulométrie comprise entre 100 μm et 5 mm, en particulier comprise entre 100μm et 3 mm. Le taux de granulats dans la composition de l'enduit prêt à gâcher est généralement compris entre 60 et 90% en poids. Le mélange de base ou la composition de l'enduit peut également comprendre des composants appelés fillers, se présentant généralement sous forme de poudre, de granulométrie en particulier comprise entre 0 et 120 μm, ces fillers étant généralement calcaires ou siliceux. Le taux de fillers dans la composition de l'enduit prêt à gâcher est généralement compris entre 0 et 30% en poids, la somme totale de liant et de fillers étant généralement comprise entre 5 et 60% en poids.Aggregates (or aggregates or sands) play in particular on the thickness, the hardness, the final appearance and the permeability of the coating, and are generally formed of siliceous, calcareous and / or silico-calcareous sands, generally presenting a granulometry between 100 .mu.m and 5 mm, in particular between 100 .mu.m and 3 mm. The level of aggregates in the composition of the ready-to-mix coating is generally between 60 and 90% by weight. The base mixture or the composition of the coating may also comprise components called fillers, generally in the form of a powder, particle size in particular between 0 and 120 microns, these fillers being generally limestone or siliceous. The level of fillers in the composition of the ready-to-mix coating is generally between 0 and 30% by weight, the total sum of binder and fillers generally being between 5 and 60% by weight.
Le mélange peut encore comprendre des charges allégeantes, par exemple de la vermiculite expansée et/ou de la perlite expansée et/ou du verre expansé et/ou du polystyrène expansé, voire également des fibres végétales, etc, ces charges présentant le cas échéant une granulométrie répartie généralement entre 0 et 3 mm. Le taux de charges allégeantes dans la composition de l'enduit prêt à gâcher est généralement compris entre 0 et 10% en poids. A ce mélange précédent peuvent également être ajoutés un ou des additifs ou adjuvants conférant des propriétés particulières, par exemple des agents rhéologiques, des agents rétenteurs d'eau, des agents entraîneurs d'air, des agents épaississants, des agents de protection biocides, des agents dispersants, des agents débullants, des pigments (en particulier des pigments minéraux), des fibres (cas des enduits fibres) de renfort ou à fonctionnalité rhéologique, des accélérateurs et/ou des retardateurs, et/ou d'autres agents pour améliorer la prise, le durcissement, la stabilité de l'enduit après application, et/ou jouant sur la couleur, la mise en oeuvre de l'enduit, etc. Le taux de ces additifs et adjuvants dans la composition de l'enduit prêt à gâcher ne dépasse pas généralement de l'ordre de 10% en poids, et est le plus souvent compris entre 0.1 et 10% en poids. Le polysiloxane présentant au moins une fonction aminé mentionné selon l'invention constitue un adjuvant ou additif qu'il est possible d'ajouter de façon pratique au mélange déjà formé (il peut donc être ajouté à un mélange préexistant) ou que l'on peut ajouter lors de la fabrication du mélange ou de l'enduit (prêt à gâcher ou mélangé à l'eau) à partir des divers constituants précités.The mixture may further comprise lightening fillers, for example expanded vermiculite and / or expanded perlite and / or glass expanded and / or expanded polystyrene, or even plant fibers, etc., these fillers having optionally a particle size distributed generally between 0 and 3 mm. The level of leaching loads in the composition of the plaster ready to tempering is generally between 0 and 10% by weight. To this above mixture may also be added additives or adjuvants conferring particular properties, for example rheological agents, water-retaining agents, air-entraining agents, thickening agents, biocidal protective agents, dispersing agents, debulking agents, pigments (in particular mineral pigments), fibers (in the case of fiber coatings) of reinforcing or rheological functionality, accelerators and / or retarders, and / or other agents for improving the taking, hardening, stability of the coating after application, and / or playing on the color, the implementation of the coating, etc. The level of these additives and adjuvants in the composition of the ready-to-mix coating generally does not exceed the order of 10% by weight, and is most often between 0.1 and 10% by weight. The polysiloxane having at least one amine function mentioned according to the invention is an adjuvant or additive that can be conveniently added to the mixture already formed (it can be added to a pre-existing mixture) or can be add during the manufacture of the mixture or the coating (ready to mix or mixed with water) from the various constituents mentioned above.
Le taux du ou des adjuvants sous forme de polysiloxane(s) présentant au moins une fonction aminé dans la composition de l'enduit prêt à gâcher est de préférence d'au moins 0.1 % en poids, et dans la plupart des cas n'excède pas (est inférieur ou égal à) 1 % en poids ; généralement ce taux de polysiloxane(s) présentant au moins une fonction aminé est de l'ordre de 0.1 à 0.5% en poids de la composition de l'enduit prêt à gâcher.The level of adjuvant (s) in the form of polysiloxane (s) having at least one amine function in the composition of the ready-to-mix coating is preferably at least 0.1% by weight, and in most cases does not exceed not (is less than or equal to) 1% by weight; generally this level of polysiloxane (s) having at least one amine function is of the order of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the composition of the coating ready to tempering.
De façon générale, le polysiloxane mentionné selon l'invention présente une chaîne principale formée d'une alternance d'atomes silicone-oxygène sur laquelle des groupes, en particulier organiques (organopolysiloxane) se fixent (sur les atomes de silicium), au moins un de ces groupes incorporant au moins un groupement (ou fonction) aminé conformément à l'invention (ce groupement aminé contribuant le cas échéant à des couplages, branchements, fixations, réticulations, en particulier dans l'enduit final et/ou en mélange dans la matrice cimentaire).In general, the polysiloxane mentioned according to the invention has a main chain formed of an alternation of silicon-oxygen atoms on which groups, in particular organic groups (organopolysiloxane), bind (on the silicon atoms), at least one of these groups incorporating at least one amine group (or function) according to the invention (this amine group optionally contributing to couplings, connections, bindings, crosslinking, in particular in the final coating and / or in a mixture in the matrix cement).
Ce polysiloxane fait en particulier partie des huiles de silicone. Il s'agit notamment d'un copolymère (en particulier bi-ou ter-polymère) formé d'une répétition de motifs (ou siloxanes) différents (en particulier une répétition de deux ou trois types de motifs ou siloxanes différents dont au moins un inclue un groupe aminé). Le polysiloxane selon l'invention (ou au moins l'un des polysiloxanes utilisé dans l'enduit selon l'invention) présente avantageusement une chaîne principale longue formée d'un nombre n d'unités (ou motifs de répétition ou siloxanes) pouvant atteindre plusieurs milliers, en particulier supérieur à 15, notamment compris entre 40 et 3000, ce polysiloxane étant en particulier un polysiloxane linéaire ou non cyclique (chaîne le cas échéant ramifiée, mais non fermée, « acyclique » et/ou ne présentant pas de cycle). Dans une variante particulière, l'enduit selon l'invention peut également comprendre un polysiloxane cyclique, notamment en combinaison avec un polysiloxane linéaire et/ou acyclique (et en proportion généralement plus faible).This polysiloxane is in particular part of the silicone oils. It is in particular a copolymer (in particular bi-or ter-polymer) formed of a repetition of different units (or siloxanes) (in particular a repetition of two or three different types of units or siloxanes, of which at least one includes an amino group). The polysiloxane according to the invention (or at least one of the polysiloxanes used in the coating according to the invention) advantageously has a long main chain formed of a number n of units (or repeating units or siloxanes) which can reach several thousands, in particular greater than 15, in particular between 40 and 3000, this polysiloxane being in particular a linear or non-cyclic polysiloxane (chain optionally branched, but not closed, "acyclic" and / or not having a ring) . In a particular variant, the coating according to the invention may also comprise a cyclic polysiloxane, especially in combination with a linear and / or acyclic polysiloxane (and in a generally lower proportion).
Avantageusement, le polysiloxane selon l'invention est un polyalkylsiloxane (présentant au moins une fonction (ou groupe) aminé), les groupes alkyles portés par les atomes de silicium dans la chaîne principale étant choisis notamment parmi les groupes (ou radicaux) alkyles dont la chaîne principale présente de 1 à 12, de préférence de 1 à 6, atomes de carbone, la majorité de ces groupes alkyles étant généralement et avantageusement des groupements méthyles. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le polysiloxane est également à terminaison(s) (tri-)alkylsiloxy, en particulier triméthylsiloxy.Advantageously, the polysiloxane according to the invention is a polyalkylsiloxane (having at least one amino function (or group)), the alkyl groups carried by the silicon atoms in the main chain being chosen especially from the alkyl groups (or radicals) whose main chain has from 1 to 12, preferably from 1 to 6, carbon atoms, the majority of these alkyl groups being generally and advantageously methyl groups. According to a preferred embodiment, the polysiloxane is also terminating (s) (tri) alkylsiloxy, in particular trimethylsiloxy.
Avantageusement, le polysiloxane selon l'invention présente au moins un groupe aminé ou en particulier aminoalkyle, notamment de type -R-NH2 ou -R-NH-R'-NH2 dans lequel R et R' sont choisis parmi les groupes (ou radicaux) alkyles dont la chaîne principale présente de 1 à 6 atomes de carbone, ce groupe étant fixé sur un atome de silicium, en particulier non terminal mais interne à la chaîne principale. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l'enduit comprend comme polysiloxane(s) au moins un polydimethylsiloxane aminofonctionnel préférentiellement linéaire et/ou acyclique, par exemple un dipolymère ou polysiloxane tel qu'un diméthyl, méthyl(aminoéthyaminoisobutyl) siloxane à terminaison triméthylsiloxy, de viscosité par exemple entre 150 et 4000 cP et présentant un nombre n d'unités par exemple entre 150 et 2000.Advantageously, the polysiloxane according to the invention has at least one amino group or in particular aminoalkyl, in particular of -R-NH 2 or -R-NH-R'-NH 2 type in which R and R 'are chosen from groups ( or radicals) alkyls whose main chain has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, this group being attached to a silicon atom, in particular non-terminal but internal to the main chain. In a preferred embodiment, the coating comprises, as polysiloxane (s), at least one preferentially linear and / or acyclic amino-functional polydimethylsiloxane, for example a dipolymer or polysiloxane such as dimethyl, methyl (aminoethylaminoisobutyl) siloxane with trimethylsiloxy termination, viscosity for example between 150 and 4000 cP and having a number n of units for example between 150 and 2000.
Comme déjà évoqué, l'enduit selon l'invention peut comprendre le cas échéant, comme adjuvants, plusieurs polysiloxane(s) différents présentant au moins une fonction aminé. De la même façon, il n'est pas exclu que l'enduit selon l'invention comprenne d'autres adjuvants de formulation différente mais pouvant également contribuer à améliorer la résistance à l'eau et la longévité (en particulier esthétique) de l'enduit, par exemple de la famille des silanes, et/ou des adjuvants supplémentaires à effet hydrofugeant, par exemple du stéarate de zinc, de l'oléate de soude, etc.As already mentioned, the coating according to the invention may optionally comprise, as adjuvants, several different polysiloxane (s) having at least one amine function. In the same way, it is not excluded that the coating according to the invention comprises other adjuvants of different formulation but may also contribute to improving the water resistance and longevity (particularly aesthetic) of the coated, for example from the family of silanes, and / or additional adjuvants with water-repellent effect, for example zinc stearate, sodium oleate, etc.
L'enduit selon l'invention se présente sous forme de poudre sous sa forme prête à gâcher, avant ajout de l'eau permettant d'obtenir une texture crémeuse prête à être appliquée. Le taux de gâchage (ou eau ajoutée) est généralement de l'ordre de 15 à 40 parts en poids (pour 100 parts en poids de la composition prête à gâcher formée du mélange pulvérulent). A noter que la présente invention concerne l'enduit sous sa forme prête à gâcher aussi bien que sous sa forme mélangée à l'eau.The coating according to the invention is in the form of powder in its ready-to-mix form, before adding water to obtain a creamy texture ready to be applied. The mixing ratio (or added water) is generally of the order of 15 to 40 parts by weight (per 100 parts by weight of the ready-to-mix composition formed of the powder mixture). Note that the present invention relates to the plaster in its form ready to spoil as well as in its form mixed with water.
Avantageusement, l'enduit selon l'invention est un enduit monocouche, apportant notamment en une ou deux passes les fonctions d'hydrophobie/hydrofugation et de décoration recherchées. Il peut être utilisé comme enduit de parement destiné à être rapporté (projeté, appliqué, etc.) sur une surface (ou support), telle qu'une surface de mur ou de façade d'un édifice, pour lui donner esthétisme et protection. La surface ou le support recevant l'enduit peut-être fait en différents matériaux tels que béton ou parpaings, brique, ciment, chaux-ciment, maçonnerie, laine de verre ou roche, etc.Advantageously, the coating according to the invention is a monolayer coating, providing in particular in one or two passes the desired hydrophobicity / water repellency and decoration functions. It can be used as a facing coating intended to be attached (projected, applied, etc.) to a surface (or support), such as a wall or facade surface of a building, to give it aesthetics and protection. The surface or the support receiving the coating may be made of different materials such as concrete or blocks, brick, cement, lime cement, masonry, glass wool or rock, etc.
L'enduit selon l'invention, employé en particulier en couche finale, apporte à la fois l'effet esthétique requis (couleur, etc.) et les fonctions recherchées pour ce genre de revêtement telles que l'imperméabilisation, l'adhérence au support, la résistance mécanique (en flexion, en compression, résistance à l'impact, à la fissuration, etc.), la résistance aux variations de température, au gel, aux ultraviolets, la perméabilité à la vapeur d'eau, la facilité de mise en œuvre, et le dressage éventuel. Il offre d'emblée, sans nécessiter de traitement ou couche supplémentaire, une protection fortement améliorée contre la pénétration d'eau, l'eau au contact de cet enduit s'évacuant en s'écoulant le long de l'enduit, et lutte efficacement contre l'apparition d'altérations (salissures, formations végétales, blanchiments due à la carbonatation, faïençage, spectres de séchage, etc.). Il présente également un effet autonettoyant, l'eau ruisselant le long de l'enduit entraînant les poussières et salissures. Il est adapté au marché du neuf et de la rénovation et peut notamment s'intégrer dans tout procédé d'isolation thermique par l'extérieur ; il répond aux normes de sécurité en vigueur dans ce domaine et présente notamment une durabilité et un vieillissement compatible avec son utilisation comme enduit de façade, en particulier ne présente ni dégradation ni fissuration à l'issue des cycles de vieillissement décrits par le guide EOTA utilisé pour les procédés d'isolation thermique par l'extérieur (ITE) avec enduit et/ou à l'issue des essais de vieillissement artificiels pour les revêtements pour extérieurs (ITE) selon la norme NF T 30-049 et/ou NF P 84-402 et/ou selon la norme EN1015-21 (compatibilité des enduits par rapport aux supports), etc. Comme évoqué précédemment, l'enduit montre un effet particulièrement performant en ce qui concerne la résistance à l'eau, l'eau ne s'absorbant pas mais s'évacuant en gouttes à la surface de la couche d'enduit, cet effet « perlant » significatif et amélioré se traduisant en particulier par un angle de contact (d'une goutte d'eau à la surface d'une couche dudit enduit durci) supérieur à 140° et/ou par un angle de décrochage (d'une goutte d'eau à la surface d'une couche dudit enduit durci) inférieur à 30°.The coating according to the invention, used in particular as a final layer, provides both the required aesthetic effect (color, etc.) and the functions sought for this type of coating, such as waterproofing and adhesion to the substrate. , mechanical strength (flexural, compressive, impact, cracking, etc.), resistance to temperature changes, freezing, ultraviolet, water vapor permeability, ease of implementation, and eventual training. It offers from the outset, without the need for a treatment or additional layer, a greatly improved protection against the penetration of water, the water in contact with this coating evacuating flowing along the coating, and effectively fights against the appearance of alterations (soils, plant formations, bleaching due to carbonation, crazing, drying spectra, etc.). It also has a self-cleaning effect, the water dripping along the coating causing dust and dirt. It is suitable for the new home and renovation market and can be integrated into any external thermal insulation process; it meets the safety standards in force in this field and in particular has a durability and aging compatible with its use as a facade coating, in particular does not exhibit degradation or cracking after the aging cycles described by the EOTA guide used for external thermal insulation (ITE) processes with coating and / or at the end of artificial aging tests for exterior coatings (ITE) according to standard NF T 30-049 and / or NF P 84 -402 and / or according to EN1015-21 (compatibility of coatings with respect to substrates), etc. As mentioned above, the coating shows a particularly effective effect with respect to water resistance, the water not absorbing but evacuating into drops on the surface of the coating layer, this effect " beading "significant and improved resulting in particular by a contact angle (of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said hardened coating) greater than 140 ° and / or by a stall angle (of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said hardened coating) less than 30 °.
L'angle de contact mentionné est mesuré en déposant une goutte d'eau distillée de 8 μl à l'aide d'une micropipette à la surface d'une couche lisse d'enduit durci (de 10 mm d'épaisseur), puis en mesurant par le haut de la goutte à l'aide d'un microscope le diamètre de la goutte (2 mesures par goutte), cette valeur de diamètre permettant de déduire l'angle de contact de la goutte avec la surface.The contact angle mentioned is measured by depositing a drop of distilled water of 8 μl using a micropipette on the surface of a smooth layer of hardened plaster (10 mm thick), then measuring by the top of the drop using a microscope the diameter of the drop (2 measurements per drop), this value of diameter to deduce the contact angle of the drop with the surface.
Egalement, l'angle de décrochage mentionné est mesuré en déposant aléatoirement dix gouttes d'eau distillée de 48μl (en tout) à la surface d'une couche d'enduit durci positionnée sur un plateau à plat, puis en inclinant le plateau avec une vitesse constante (en particulier de l'ordre de 0.257seconde) et en notant à quel degré d'inclinaison la goutte tombe.Also, the stall angle mentioned is measured by randomly depositing ten drops of 48μl distilled water (in all) on the surface of a layer of hardened plaster positioned on a flat plate, then tilting the plate with a constant speed (in particular of the order of 0.257seconds) and noting to what degree of inclination the drop falls.
La présente invention couvre également un enduit caractérisé en ce que l'angle de contact d'une goutte d'eau à la surface d'une couche dudit enduit durci est supérieur à 140° et/ou tel que l'angle de décrochage d'une goutte d'eau à la surface d'une couche dudit enduit durci est inférieur à 30°.The present invention also covers a coating characterized in that the contact angle of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said cured coating is greater than 140 ° and / or such that the stall angle of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said cured coating is less than 30 °.
La présente invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un enduit selon l'invention, dans lequel on ajoute aux autres composants de la composition de l'enduit au moins un polysiloxane présentant au moins une fonction aminé.The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a coating according to the invention, wherein the other components of the composition of the coating are added at least one polysiloxane having at least one amine function.
Le polysiloxane peut être ajouté aux autres composants de la composition d'enduit dans la formulation prête à gâcher ou dans l'enduit prêt à déposer après ajout de l'eau. De préférence, il est ajouté à la composition d'enduit sous forme de poudre, en étant préalablement adsorbé sur au moins un des composants solides de la composition. Le procédé selon l'invention comprend ainsi de préférence une étape préalable d'adsorption du polysiloxane, initialement sous forme liquide (le polysiloxane correspondant en particulier à une huile de silicone) à la surface d'un composant de l'enduit apte à piéger (en particulier par physisorption) ledit polysiloxane avant son incorporation dans la composition d'enduit. Cette adsorption se fait en particulier sur un composant à base de silicium et/ou voire sur un composant calcaire, en particulier sur tout ou partie des granulats de la composition d'enduit, en mélangeant par exemple le polysiloxane sous forme liquide avec lesdits granulats. Le mélange obtenu incorporant le polysiloxane est ensuite ajouté le cas échéant aux autres composants de la composition d'enduit, le polysiloxane étant le cas échéant facilement relargué dans la composition finale obtenue.The polysiloxane may be added to the other components of the coating composition in the ready-to-mix formulation or in the ready-to-deposit coating after addition of water. Preferably, it is added to the powder coating composition by being previously adsorbed on at least one of the solid components of the composition. The method according to the invention thus preferably comprises a prior step of adsorbing the polysiloxane, initially in liquid form (the polysiloxane corresponding in particular to a silicone oil) to the surface of a component of the coating capable of trapping ( in particular by physisorption) said polysiloxane before incorporation into the coating composition. This adsorption is done in particular on a silicon-based component and / or even on a limestone component, in particular on all or part of the aggregates of the coating composition, for example by mixing the polysiloxane in liquid form with said granules. The mixture obtained incorporating the polysiloxane is then added, if appropriate, to the other components of the coating composition, the polysiloxane optionally being salted out in the final composition obtained.
Comme déjà évoqué, l'enduit selon l'invention est avantageusement conservé sous forme de poudre (par exemple en sac d'enduit prêt à gâcher) avant son utilisation. Préalablement à son dépôt sur un support, l'enduit est normalement mélangé avec de l'eau, puis déposé sur une surface, par exemple une façade de bâtiment. La surface ou support devant recevoir l'enduit est généralement propre, saine (ne risquant pas notamment de se fragmenter ou s'effriter), dépoussiérée et sèche. Le cas échéant, elle peut avoir été préalablement traitée (par exemple décapée, ragréée, lavée, munie de renformis, calfeutrée, etc.) par exemple pour égaliser la surface, la rendre apte à recevoir l'enduit selon l'invention, colmater des fissures, participer à l'isolation du support, etc.As already mentioned, the coating according to the invention is advantageously preserved in the form of a powder (for example in a bag of coating ready to be spoiled) before its use. Prior to its deposition on a support, the coating is normally mixed with water and then deposited on a surface, for example a building facade. The surface or support to receive the coating is generally clean, healthy (not at risk of fragmenting or crumbling), dusted and dry. If necessary, it may have been previously treated (for example pickled, ragréée, washed, provided with renformis, caulking, etc.) for example to equalize the surface, to make it suitable for receiving the coating according to the invention, to seal cracks, participate in the insulation of the support, etc.
Le revêtement peut être réalisé par toute méthode permettant d'obtenir l'épaisseur et l'aspect voulus, par exemple en étalant l'enduit choisi ou en le projetant à l'aide d'un dispositif à air comprimé, etc. L'application de l'enduit peut être faite le cas échéant en une ou plusieurs (selon par exemple l'épaisseur désirée, etc) passes, appliquées frais sur frais ou le cas échéant séchées avant dépôt de la suivante. Le séchage de l'enduit selon l'invention est avantageusement uniforme même si le support varie, évitant ainsi des différences de teintes de l'enduit durci. En cas d'utilisation d'armatures de renfort (par exemple sous forme de grilles de fibres de renfort), notamment en isolation thermique par l'extérieur, ces dernières peuvent être incorporées dans une couche (le cas échéant une des passes) d'enduit, encore frais, déposée sur la surface de pose. En cas de débordement, l'enduit ou mortier peut le cas échéant être nettoyé, par exemple à l'eau avant séchage ou brossé après séchage.The coating can be made by any method to obtain the desired thickness and appearance, for example by spreading the chosen coating or by projecting it with a compressed air device, etc. The application of the coating can be made if necessary in one or more (depending for example the desired thickness, etc.) passes, applied fees on charges or if necessary dried before deposit of the next. The drying of the coating according to the invention is advantageously uniform even if the support varies, thus avoiding color differences of the hardened coating. In the case of using reinforcing reinforcements (for example in the form of reinforcing fiber grids), in particular in thermal insulation from the outside, the latter may be incorporated in a layer (where appropriate one of the passes) of coated, still fresh, deposited on the laying surface. In case of overflow, the coating or mortar may be cleaned, for example with water before drying or brushed after drying.
Selon notamment la composition de l'enduit et la méthode d'application, l'aspect conféré par l'enduit peut être lisse ou non, aucun traitement supplémentaire ni ajout d'un enduit de finition ou film supplémentaire n'étant nécessaire (l'enduit pouvant cependant être muni de décorations supplémentaires telles que peintures, modénatures, matriçage ou structuration, etc.)According to the composition of the coating and the method of application, the appearance conferred by the coating may be smooth or not, no additional treatment or addition of a finishing coating or additional film is necessary (the coating may however be provided with additional decorations such as paints, moldings, stamping or structuring, etc.)
Le revêtement réalisé peut être laissé nu, peut être coloré dans la masse (du fait de la présence de pigments dans l'enduit), peut également être structuré (doté d'effets de surface particuliers), par exemple par striation, estampage, ferrage, création de nervures, etc. notamment au niveau de l'enduit. L'épaisseur de l'enduit final (après dépôt et, selon l'aspect désiré, grattage éventuel, etc) est généralement de l'ordre de 8 à 20 mm, en particulier de 10 à 15 mm environ. Le séchage et la réaction éventuelle (réticulation, durcissement) de l'enduit ou de certains composants de l'enduit se fait généralement à température ambiante (en particulier entre 5 et 35°C). La présente invention concerne également un support (ou structure ou substrat), tel qu'une paroi ou façade de bâtiment, revêtu, au moins en partie, de l'enduit selon l'invention.The coating produced can be left bare, can be colored in the mass (due to the presence of pigments in the coating), can also be structured (with particular surface effects), for example by striation, stamping, shoeing , creation of ribs, etc. especially at the level of the coating. The thickness of the final coating (after deposition and, depending on the desired appearance, possible scraping, etc.) is generally of the order of 8 to 20 mm, in particular of 10 to 15 mm approximately. The drying and optional reaction (crosslinking, hardening) of the coating or of certain components of the coating is generally carried out at ambient temperature (in particular between 5 and 35 ° C.). The present invention also relates to a support (or structure or substrate), such as a wall or building facade, coated, at least in part, with the coating according to the invention.
Les exemples suivants non limitatifs illustrent la composition et les performances de l'enduit selon l'invention par rapport à un enduit de référence pour une même épaisseur d'enduit de 10 mm. Dans ces exemples, on compare l'angle de contact et l'angle de décrochage d'une ou des gouttes d'eau déposées sur chaque couche d'enduit durci dans les conditions de mesure déjà explicitées précédemment. La composition d'enduit selon l'invention et la composition de référence sont formées du même mélange de base consistant en un mortier homologué tel que défini dans la norme EN 196-1 , ledit mortier étant à base de ciment et de sable (incluant des granulats).The following nonlimiting examples illustrate the composition and the performance of the coating according to the invention compared to a reference coating for the same plaster thickness of 10 mm. In these examples, the contact angle and the stall angle of one or more drops of water deposited on each cured coating layer are compared in the measurement conditions already explained above. The coating composition according to the invention and the reference composition are formed from the same basic mixture consisting of an approved mortar as defined in the EN 196-1 standard, said mortar being based on cement and sand (including aggregates).
L'enduit de référence et l'enduit selon l'invention différent en ce que dans l'enduit de référence, le précédent mélange de base est complété par 2 parts en poids de stéarate de zinc (pour 1000 parts en poids du mélange de base) en tant qu'adjuvant à effet hydrofugeant, tandis que dans l'enduit selon l'invention le mélange de base est complété par 2 parts en poids (pour 1000 parts en poids du mélange de base) d'un polydiméthylsiloxane aminofonctionnel de viscosité comprise entre 200 et 40OcP (nombre d'unités siloxanes de l'ordre de 160) et présentant un nombre d'aminés de l'ordre de 0.15%.The reference coating and the coating according to the invention different in that in the reference coating, the previous base mixture is completed by 2 parts by weight of zinc stearate (per 1000 parts by weight of the base mixture ) as an additive with water-repellent effect, while in the coating according to the invention the base mixture is completed by 2 parts by weight (per 1000 parts by weight of the base mixture) of an aminofunctional polydimethylsiloxane of viscosity included between 200 and 40OcP (number of siloxane units of the order of 160) and having an amine number of the order of 0.15%.
On obtient les résultats suivants : pour 4 mesures effectuées dans chaque cas, l'angle de contact d'une goutte d'eau mesuré pour l'enduit selon l'invention est supérieur à 165° tandis qu'il varie entre 95 et 105° pour l'enduit de référence ; et pour 3 essais effectués, chaque fois sur 10 gouttes, l'angle de décrochage varie entre 10 et 30° (la grande majorité des mesures étant inférieures à 20°) pour l'enduit selon l'invention, alors que dans le cas de l'enduit de référence, aucune goutte ne s'étant déplacée ou n'étant tombée même pour un angle supérieur à 90, cet angle n'a pas pu être évalué (et est considéré supérieur à 90°). Il apparaît clairement que, dans le cas de l'enduit selon l'invention, l'eau glisse à la surface de l'enduit et est facilement évacuée, tandis qu'elle a tendance à pénétrer dans l'enduit de référence.The following results are obtained: for 4 measurements made in each case, the contact angle of a drop of water measured for the coating according to the invention is greater than 165 ° whereas it varies between 95 and 105 ° for the reference coating; and for 3 tests carried out, each time on 10 drops, the stall angle varies between 10 and 30 ° (the vast majority of the measurements being less than 20 °) for the coating according to the invention, whereas in the case of the reference coating, no drop having moved or fallen even for an angle greater than 90, this angle could not be evaluated (and is considered greater than 90 °). It is clear that in the case of the coating according to the invention, the water slides on the surface of the coating and is easily removed, while it tends to penetrate into the reference coating.
Les enduits selon l'invention peuvent être utilisés notamment comme enduits de façade sur les parois extérieures verticales ou inclinées de bâtiments, etc. The coatings according to the invention can be used in particular as facade coatings on the vertical or inclined external walls of buildings, etc.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Enduit, en particulier monocouche, notamment pour le revêtement de façade, ledit enduit comprenant au moins un polysiloxane présentant au moins une fonction aminé. 1. Coating, in particular monolayer, especially for the facade coating, said coating comprising at least one polysiloxane having at least one amine function.
2. Enduit selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un mélange comprenant au moins un liant et des granulats.2. Coating according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a mixture comprising at least one binder and aggregates.
3. Enduit selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le taux de polysiloxane(s) présentant au moins une fonction aminé dans la composition de l'enduit prêt à gâcher est d'au moins 0.1 % en poids et n'excède pas 1 % en poids .3. Coating according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the level of polysiloxane (s) having at least one amine function in the composition of the coating ready to tempering is at least 0.1% by weight and does not exceed 1% by weight.
4. Enduit, en particulier monocouche, notamment pour le revêtement de façade, ledit enduit étant tel que l'angle de contact d'une goutte d'eau à la surface d'une couche dudit enduit durci est supérieur à 140° et/ou étant tel que l'angle de décrochage d'une goutte d'eau à la surface d'une couche dudit enduit durci est inférieur à 30°.4. Coating, in particular monolayer, especially for the facade coating, said coating being such that the contact angle of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said hardened coating is greater than 140 ° and / or being such that the stall angle of a drop of water on the surface of a layer of said cured coating is less than 30 °.
5. Procédé de fabrication d'un enduit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 dans lequel on ajoute à la composition de l'enduit au moins un polysiloxane présentant au moins une fonction aminé.5. A method of manufacturing a coating according to one of claims 1 to 4 wherein is added to the composition of the coating at least one polysiloxane having at least one amine function.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que le polysiloxane est ajouté à la composition d'enduit sous forme de poudre, en étant préalablement adsorbé sur au moins un des composants solides de la composition.6. Method according to claim 5 characterized in that the polysiloxane is added to the powder coating composition, being previously adsorbed on at least one of the solid components of the composition.
7. Support, telle qu'une façade de bâtiment, caractérisé en ce qu'il est revêtu au moins en partie de l'enduit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.7. Support, such as a building facade, characterized in that it is coated at least in part with the coating according to one of claims 1 to 4.
8. Utilisation d'un enduit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 pour améliorer l'hydrophobie d'une surface de bâtiment et limiter le cas échéant les altérations visibles telles que différentiations de teintes, dues notamment à des phénomènes de carbonatation ou blanchiments et/ou dues à des phénomènes de faïençage et/ou de séchages différenciés, et/ou salissures d'origine biologique, minérale, et/ou organique, et/ou prolifération de formations végétales . 8. Use of a coating according to one of claims 1 to 4 to improve the hydrophobicity of a building surface and limit where appropriate visible alterations such as differences in hues, due in particular to carbonation phenomena or bleaching and / or due to phenomena of cracking and / or differentiated drying, and / or soils of biological, mineral, and / or organic origin, and / or proliferation of plant formations.
EP08832009A 2007-09-21 2008-08-07 Single-layer facade coating and production method therefor Withdrawn EP2193110A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0757762A FR2921359B1 (en) 2007-09-21 2007-09-21 SINGLE-SIDED COATING FOR FACADE AND ITS MANUFACTURE
PCT/FR2008/051474 WO2009037409A1 (en) 2007-09-21 2008-08-07 Single-layer facade coating and production method therefor

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CN102575466A (en) * 2009-10-27 2012-07-11 旭化成建材株式会社 Humidity-controlling building material and method for producing same

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US6869643B1 (en) * 1996-02-15 2005-03-22 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Self-priming architectural coatings
DE19628035A1 (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-15 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Aqueous creams of organosilicon compounds for waterproofing building materials
US6403163B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2002-06-11 Chemrex, Inc. Method of treating surfaces with organosilicon water repellent compositions

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WO2009037409A1 (en) 2009-03-26
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CN101801890B (en) 2014-07-23
CN101801890A (en) 2010-08-11
FR2921359A1 (en) 2009-03-27
BRPI0816489A2 (en) 2015-03-10
AR068462A1 (en) 2009-11-18

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