EP2192233A1 - Method for the sealing of roadways - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves applying a primer to a support structure, particularly applying a concrete primer (3) to a concrete structure (2). A plastic film (4) is applied on the primed support structure and then a plastic primer is applied on the plastic film. A fibrous material layer (6) is applied, on which solid thermoplastic (7'') is adhesively applied on a side at room temperature. The plastic film is polyurethane film, particularly a squirted two-component polyurethane film. An independent claim is included for the following: (1) a roll for a fiber material layer; (2) a method for producing a fiber material layer; and (3) a roadway structure with an undercoating.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to the field of roadway sealing on a support structure.

State of the art

Roadways, which are applied to a supporting structure, in particular on a concrete support structure, are frequently encountered, in particular as bridges. Such concrete support structures are typically sealed by bituminous sheets. Due to the thermoplastic behavior, however, bitumen membranes are susceptible to temperature fluctuations. Elastic plastic sheets, on the other hand, have a constant elastic behavior over a wide temperature range and thus fulfill their function as a seal even under extreme temperature conditions. As the topmost layer, a bitumen-based base course is usually applied in road construction. However, this poses the problem that there must be a good bond between the base layer and the material of the support structure, in particular the concrete, which of course includes the adhesion of all intermediate layers. In particular, the adhesion between the plastic film and the bituminous base layer represents a problem that is very difficult to solve because of the materials involved.

A starting point for solving this problem lies in the use of mastic asphalt as an adhesive between plastic layer and bituminous base course. However, these systems had the great disadvantage that first the mastic asphalt must be applied at high temperature and the bituminous base course can be applied only after cooling, which on the one hand due to this additional step, the creation of the sealing or creation process of the road extended and more expensive. On the other hand, it has been shown that such roads due to the high axle loads of the vehicles using the roadway deform the lanes and lead within a short time to unwanted damage to the pavement.

WO 2008/095215 avoids the problem by using a concrete pavement. It discloses a concrete carriageway on a concrete support structure with an interposed plastic film and an adhesive layer between the plastic film and concrete carriageway. In order to ensure the adhesion of the concrete pavement with the adhesive layer in this case the sprinkling of quartz sand is proposed in the adhesive layer before its hardening.

AT 413 990 B proposes, in order to improve the bond between plastic film and bituminous support layer, the use of a polyurethane-based adhesive primer to which a loose granulate of synthetic resin is sprinkled. However, the scattering of granules is associated with some problems, in particular, a uniform job is difficult to achieve and it can lead to scattering of the granules, especially on wind-exposed concrete structures, for example, that large amounts of granules are weggewindet, resulting in unwanted material loss or uncontrolled adhesive losses leads.

JP 2004-068363 Finally, discloses the application of an adhesive, in particular an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, by means of a primer on the plastic film, in particular in the form of a film with holes. The disadvantage here, however, that a primer must be applied in an additional step, and that in addition by the adhesive introduced over the entire surface a large amount of polymer is introduced into the composite, which weakens the mechanics of the composite.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a roadway structure available, which can be created easily and efficiently and by a controlled application of adhesive between the plastic film and bituminous base layer leads to a good bond without the mechanics of the composite is greatly weakened.

Surprisingly, it has been found that with a method according to claim 1 and a roadway structure according to claim 11 this problem can be solved. Such a roadway structure also has a favorable long-term behavior even under high axle loads of vehicles. This Method makes it possible to seal a roadway on a support structure, in particular on a concrete support structure in a fast and cost-effective manner.

It has been found that such a roadway structure can be created inter alia by using a fiber material layer according to claim 4. The major advantage of this is that the necessary adhesive can be controlled distributed and fixed on the fiber material layer in an industrial process and that this fiber material layer can be used pre-assembled with adhesive on site.

In particular, it is advantageous that can be dispensed with the use of a mastic asphalt. A particularly great advantage is that the adhesive material having fiber material layer, or the film, the solid at room temperature thermoplastic after its laying, or applied, immediately committed, or driven, and can be directly overlaid if necessary with the bituminous base course , so that compared to the prior art, strong shortened working hours.

Further aspects of the invention are the subject of further independent claims. Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Ways to carry out the invention

1. (i) Aufbringen eines Primers auf eine Tragstruktur, insbesondere Aufbringen eines Betonprimers auf eine Betonstruktur;
2. (ii) Aufbringen einer Kunststofffolie auf die nach Schritt (i) geprimerte Tragstruktur;

sowie anschliessend
entweder

• (iii') Aufbringen eines Kunststoffprimers auf die Kunststofffolie,
• (iv') Aufbringen einer Faserwerkstoffschicht, auf welcher einseitig ein bei Raumtemperatur fester Thermoplast anhaftend aufgebracht ist,
  wobei das Aufbringen der Faserwerkstoffschicht derart erfolgt, dass die der Thermoplast aufweisenden Seite gegenüberliegende Seite der Faserwerkstoffschicht mit dem Kunststoffprimer in Kontakt gebracht wird;

oder

• (iii") Aufbringen einer Faserwerkstoffschicht, auf welcher auf der einen Seite ein Haftschmelzklebstoff aufgebracht ist und auf der anderen Seite ein bei Raumtemperatur fester Thermoplast anhaftend aufgebracht ist, wobei das Aufbringen der Faserwerkstoffschicht derart erfolgt, dass die Haftschmelzklebstoff aufweisende Seite der Faserwerkstoffschicht mit der Kunststofffolie in Kontakt gebracht wird;

oder

• (iii"') Aufbringen einer Folie eines bei Raumtemperatur festen Thermoplasten, welche auf der der Kunststofffolie zugewandten Seite der Folie einen Haftschmelzklebstoff aufweist;

und

• (v) Aufbringen einer Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis.

The present invention relates, in a first aspect, to a method for producing a roadway structure comprising the steps:

1. (i) applying a primer to a support structure, in particular applying a concrete primer to a concrete structure;
2. (ii) applying a plastic film to the support structure primed after step (i);

and then
either

• (iii ') applying a plastic primer to the plastic film,
• (iv ') application of a fibrous material layer on which a thermoset that is solid at room temperature is adhesively applied on one side,
  wherein the application of the fiber material layer takes place in such a way that the side of the fiber material layer opposite the thermoplastic side is brought into contact with the plastic primer;

or

• (iii ") applying a fiber material layer, on which on one side a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied and on the other side a solid at room temperature thermoplastic is adhesively applied, wherein the application of the fiber material layer takes place such that the pressure-sensitive adhesive having side of the fiber material layer with the plastic film is brought into contact;

or

• (iii) applying a film of a thermoplastic, which is solid at room temperature, which has a pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive on the side of the film facing the plastic film;

and

• (v) applying a bituminous base course.

In a first step (i), a primer is applied to a support structure.

Such a support structure is preferably a building of civil engineering. In particular, this may be a bridge, a gallery, a tunnel, a ramp or departure ramp or a parking deck. A preferred example of such a support structure is a bridge. This required for the roadway supporting structure is a structure of a material which may have a supporting function. In particular, this material is a metal or a metal alloy or a concrete, in particular a reinforced concrete, preferably a reinforced concrete.

The most preferred example of such a support structure is a concrete bridge.

On the support structure, a primer, in particular a concrete primer, is present. A "primer" in this document is generally understood to mean a thin layer of a polymer applied to a substrate, which improves the adhesion between this substrate and another substrate. A primer has a flowable consistency at room temperature and is applied to the substrate by brushing, painting, rolling, spraying, casting or brushing. It should be noted that the term "flowable" here will refer not only to liquid, but also to higher viscosity honey-like to pasty materials whose shape is adjusted under the influence of gravity.

As a "concrete primer" is meant in this document a thin layer of a polymer applied to the concrete, which improves the adhesion of concrete to another substrate. In particular, as concrete primer apply primer based on epoxy resin. In particular, these are two-component epoxy resin primer whose one (ie first) component contains an epoxy resin, in particular an epoxy resin based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, and the other (ie second) component contains a curing agent, in particular a polyamine or a polymercaptan , Particular preference is given to epoxy resin primers which have no fillers. With further advantage, the concrete primers are highly fluid, in particular having a viscosity of less than 10,000 mPas, preferably between 10 and 1,000 mPas, so that they can penetrate into the concrete surface. Particularly preferred concrete primers are two-component, low-viscosity, epoxy resin primers, such as those sold under the trade name Sikafloor® or Sikagard® by Sika Deutschland GmbH, or Sika Schweiz AG. Particularly preferred concrete primers are Sikafloor®-156 Primer and Sikagard®-186.

For other materials, there are adequate primers, for steel, steel primers, as known to those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, it is preferred if between step (i) and step (ii) in the primer, preferably in the concrete primer, inorganic bedding agents, in particular sand, preferably quartz sand, are interspersed. To ensure a good bond between bedding agent and primer, especially concrete primer, it is advantageous if this litter is sprinkled before the primer hardens.

It is preferred if this inorganic bedding agent has a maximum particle size of less than 1 mm, in particular between 0.1 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.8 mm.

However, the amount of such bedding agents should be such that the primer is not completely covered, but that there are always places in the structure where the primer is in direct contact with the plastic film.

It has been found that the use of bedding agent is advantageous for the bond between plastic film and primer, or the support structure. Possible, but not limiting the invention, explanations for this are that the primer at least partially flows around the grain surface and thus a larger contact surface between the plastic film and primer is created, and / or that is strongly locally reinforced by the inorganic spreading means, the primer layer, so that be transmitted and / or that are made by the Einstreumittel a purely mechanical anchoring between the plastic film and primer by the integrated into the matrix of the primer grains lead to a roughened primer surface and these grains in the Embed the surface of the preferably elastic plastic film. In the case of a produced on site plastic film, in particular produced by a spraying process, the plastic film receives a significantly larger contact surface, since it is applied to a primer surface, which has a significantly larger surface area due to the roughening caused by the roasting agent.

With regard to the layer thickness of the primer, it is clear to the person skilled in the art that this, of course, is also strongly dependent on the surface roughness of the support structure and whether or not bedding agents are used. The average layer thickness of the primer is typically between 100 micrometers and 10 millimeters, advantageously the average layer thickness of the primer layer is less than 3 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 2 mm.

Subsequently, in step (ii), a plastic film is applied to the support structure primed after step (i).

In order to be as suitable as a plastic film, the plastic film should be as waterproof as possible and even under prolonged influence of water or moisture, do not decompose or be mechanically damaged. As plastic films in particular such films are suitable, as they are used for sealing purposes, especially for the roof construction or for the bridge sealing purpose in the prior art. In order to minimize damage or alter the temperature influence under the application of the bitumen-based support layer, it is particularly advantageous if the plastic films are made of a material having a softening point of over 140 ° C., preferably between 160 ° C. and 300 ° C. are. The plastic film should advantageously have an at least low degree of elasticity, for example, to be able to bridge stresses caused by temperature differences between asphalt and support structure or caused by cracks in the support structure or the support layer voltages without the plastic film is damaged or cracked and would affect the sealing function of the plastic film , Particularly preferred are plastic films based on polyurethanes or polyureas or poly (meth) acrylates or epoxy resins. The plastic film can be used as a prefabricated web. In this case, the plastic film is preferably produced by an industrial process in a film factory and arrives at the construction site preferably in the form of plastic film from a roll used. It is advantageous if, in this case, the plastic film is brought into contact with the primer before its complete hardening or hardening.

However, the plastic film can also be produced on site, for example by a crosslinking reaction of reactive components which are mixed and applied on site. Particularly advantageous have sprayed plastic films proven.

The plastic film advantageously has a layer thickness in the millimeter range, typically between 0.5 and 15 mm, preferably between 1 and 4 mm.

Most preferred as the plastic film are polyurethane films, in particular sprayed films of two-component polyurethanes.

The core of the present invention is the guarantee of the bond between the plastic film and the bituminous base layer by means of the application of an adhesive layer containing at least one adhesive, which is a thermoplastic which is solid at room temperature. It is essential to the essence of the invention that this thermoplastic, which is solid at room temperature, be bonded (adhered) when applied to the building site, i.e., at room temperature. not in the form of loose granules, is used.

The term "adherent" in this document describes both "bound by chemical or physicochemical interaction" and "bound by mechanical interaction". Thus, for example, a thermoplastic which, when melted, becomes solidified in fiber pores or interstices and subsequently solidified, and thus anchored to or in the fiber, is said to be adherent.

This is achieved in the inventive method by the following three different variants:

In a first variant, an application of a plastic primer is applied to the plastic film in a step (iii '). Subsequently, a fiber material layer is applied in step (iv '). On the fiber material layer in this case one side of a solid at room temperature thermoplastic is applied adhering. The application of the fiber material layer takes place in such a way that the side of the fiber material layer opposite the thermoplastic side is brought into contact with the plastic primer.

Plastic primers used are, in particular, primers on two-component polyurethanes or epoxides.

The fiber material layer is composed of fibers. The fibers are in this case of inorganic, organic or synthetic material. Fibers of inorganic material are in particular glass fibers and carbon fibers. In particular, it is cellulose, cotton fibers or synthetic fibers. Fibers made of polyester or of a homo- or copolymers of ethylene and / or propylene or of viscose may be mentioned as synthetic fibers. The fibers may here be short fibers or long fibers, spun, woven or non-woven fibers or filaments. Furthermore, the fibers may be directional or stretched fibers. Furthermore, it may be advantageous to use different fibers, both in geometry and composition, with each other. Preference is given to fibers of polyester or polypropylene.

To improve the mechanical reinforcement of the fiber material layer, it may be advantageous if at least some of the fibers consist of tensile or high tensile strength fibers, in particular of glass, carbon or aramids.

In particular, fiber material layers are used, which are a woven, laid or knitted fabric. Preferred are felts or fleeces or knitted fabrics. Particular preference is given to nonwovens.

The fibrous material layer may be a looser material of staple fibers, filaments, the cohesion of which is generally given by the inherent adhesion of the fibers. Here, the individual fibers may have a preferred direction or be undirected. The fibrous material layer composed of fibers can be mechanically consolidated by needling, meshing or by swirling by means of sharp water jets and typically has a basis weight of about 300 g / m ² and can be transported as mats or in the form of rolls. Preferably, the fiber material layer is used in the form of mats or rolls. This considerably facilitates the laying.

Because a fiber material layer is basically porous, a good penetration of the materials coming into contact with the fibrous material layer is ensured, there are no air or solvent inclusions, which could weaken the bond. But it is also ensured that due to the fibers, a fixation of the thermoplastic is possible and a mechanical reinforcement of the composite takes place. In addition, it is made possible by the fiber material layer that this is rolled and thus easy to store, or to transport, is. Furthermore, it is ensured that the thermoplastic fixed thereon is used in the correct amount, both in terms of its spatial distribution and in terms of the absolute amount (neither too much nor too little).

The fibers of the fiber material layer can also be connected by organic polymers. Such polymers help to fix the fibers better together. In addition, the fiber material layer may further contain additives, such as adhesion promoters, fiber sizes or biocides.

A biocide is used to control pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, spores, small and mold fungi, or to control microorganisms that can attack and decompose the fibers, the plastic film or the primer. The biocide may be present on or in the fibers. In the first case, fibers are sprayed with a biocide or immersed in a biocide. In the second case, the biocide is used in the manufacture or processing of the fibers and is thus incorporated into the fibers.

The use of fiber sizes and / or adhesion promoters in the better bonding of the fibers with thermoplastic, plastic primer or hotmelt adhesive and possibly bitumen is achieved.

It is essential here that the thermoplastic, which is solid at room temperature, is applied fixedly to the fiber material layer. The thermoplastic is located on the surface of the fiber material layer.

The thermoplastic can be connected to the fiber material layer with varying degrees of adhesion, ie adhering. It is basically only essential that there is a bond between the fiber material layer and the thermoplastic which prevents substantial amounts of thermoplastic from being removed by wind or light movements such as are present in applying the fiber material layer in step (iv '). The thermoplastic can on the one hand only be present on the surface or on the other hand can also penetrate differently in the fiber material layer. Furthermore, the thermoplastic can be applied over the entire surface of the fiber material layer or such that the fiber material layer surface is only partially covered by thermoplastic.

Organic polymers which have a melting point of more than 100 ° C., in particular between 100 ° C. and 180 ° C., preferably between 110 ° C. and 140 ° C., are especially preferred as thermoplastics which are solid at room temperature. Any melting point of polymers in this document is understood as softening points (Softening point) measured by the Ring & Ball method according to DIN ISO 4625 understood.

Particularly suitable are polymers which can be prepared from the polymerization of one or more unsaturated monomers. Particular examples of such unsaturated monomers are those monomers which are selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, butadiene, isoprene, styrene, vinyl esters, in particular vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylates, methacrylates and acrylonitrile.

Preferred thermoplastics which are solid at room temperature are polyolefins, in particular poly-α-olefins. Most preferred as room temperature solid thermoplastics are atactic poly-α-olefins (APAO).

Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) have proven to be preferred at room temperature for thermoplastics, in particular those having a vinyl acetate content of less than 50%, in particular having a vinyl acetate content of between 10 and 40%, preferably 15 to 30%.

The thermoplastic which is solid at room temperature is preferably applied in the form of thermoplastic spheres adhering to the surface of the fiber material.

The amount of thermoplastic is advantageously such that on the one hand enough thermoplastic is present to a good bond to the bituminous base layer can be achieved and on the other hand not too much Thermoplastic is present, which would prevent a rolling of the fiber material.

The thermoplastic is preferably applied to the fiber material layer in an industrial process. This can be done by melting and spraying or knife-coating with this melt or, preferably, by applying thermoplastic granules to the fiber material layer and then fixing by the influence of heat while melting the thermoplastic.

The thermoplastic granules preferably have a diameter of 1 to 10 mm, in particular from 3 to 6 mm.

It is preferred if such a fiber material layer is used with a thermoplastic which is solid at room temperature and adheres to the surface of the fiber material layer in the form of a roll.

Thus, the fiber material layer simply reaches the construction site where it can be unrolled and cut to the required dimensions. This is a very cost and time efficient step.

The application of the fiber material layer in step (iv ') is preferably carried out within the open time of the plastic primer. Although the plastic primer already has a certain inherent strength at this time, it is at least slightly sticky. This has the great advantage that the fiber material layer is fixed on the substrate and their slippage is largely prevented. This is particularly advantageous when working under great wind influence. The application of the fiber material layer in the still sticky plastic primer causes a time saving, since it does not have to wait until the primer is cured. The application of the fiber material layer is preferably carried out by standing on the fiber material layer and moving on the structure by rolling the fiber material layer and moving on the unrolled fiber material layer. Due to the porosity of the fiber material layer is ensured that although a good contact with the plastic primer takes place, but this the Fiber material layer does not penetrate completely, so that the user does not come into contact with the still sticky plastic primer.

In a second variant, after step (ii), in step (iii ") a fibrous material layer, on which an adhesive melt adhesive is applied on one side and a thermoplastic which is solid at room temperature is adhesively applied on the other side, is primerlessly applied to the plastic film Applying the fiber material layer takes place in such a way that the hotmelt adhesive side having the fiber material layer is brought into contact with the plastic film.

This is a significantly more advantageous embodiment than the first variant in that no plastic primer has to be used here, and one work step is omitted on the construction site. With respect to the fiber material layer, the solid at room temperature thermoplastic and their preparation and preferences, reference is made to the statements made to the first variant. The pressure sensitive hotmelt adhesive used in the second variant is applied to the side of the fiber material layer opposite the thermoplastic.

As pressure sensitive hotmelt adhesive hot melt adhesive can be used. Particularly advantageous are pressure-sensitive hot-melt adhesives based on rubber, polyolefin or (meth) acrylate

The pressure-sensitive hotmelt adhesive is preferably applied to the surface of the fiber material layer via a slot nozzle or spray nozzle.

The layer thickness of the pressure-sensitive hotmelt adhesive is typically between 10 and 100 micrometers, in particular between 30 and 50 micrometers.

In order to prevent unwanted bonding of fibrous material layers with one another, in particular when they are rolled, it is advantageous if the hotmelt adhesive is protected with a release paper, for example a siliconized paper.

Immediately before applying the fiber material layer to the plastic film in step (iii "), the release paper is removed at the construction site, so that the pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive is brought into contact with the plastic film can be. The hotmelt adhesive ensures that the fiber material layer is fixed on the plastic film and its slippage is largely prevented. This is particularly advantageous when working under great wind influence.

In a third variant, after step (ii), in step (iii), a film of a thermoplastic which is solid at room temperature and which is coated on one side with a pressure-sensitive hotmelt adhesive is applied primerless to the plastic film Page brought into contact with the plastic film.

Compared with the prior art as well as with respect to the first variant, this method is advantageous in that it does not require the use of a plastic primer, thus eliminating one work step at the construction site.

The film of the thermoplastics which are solid at room temperature is preferably produced by an extrusion process or a calendering process in which a hot-melt adhesive is preferably applied to the surface of the thermoplastic film by means of a slot nozzle or spray nozzle on one side of the film. The layer thickness of the pressure-sensitive hotmelt adhesive is typically between 10 and 100 micrometers, in particular between 30 and 50 micrometers. The layer thickness of the thermoplastic film is in particular between 0.5 mm and 1.5 cm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm.

In order to prevent unwanted bonding of the thermoplastic films to one another, in particular when they are rolled, it is advantageous if the hotmelt adhesive is protected with a release paper, for example a siliconized paper.

With respect to the solid at room temperature thermoplastic and pressure-sensitive hot melt adhesives and their preferences, reference is made to the statements made to the first and second variants.

Immediately before applying the fiber material layer to the plastic film in step (iii "'), the release paper is removed at the construction site, so that the pressure-sensitive hot-melt adhesive can be brought into contact with the plastic film. The hotmelt adhesive ensures that the fiber material layer is fixed on the plastic film and its slippage is largely prevented. This is particularly advantageous when working under great wind influence.

Of the three variants described above, the first two variants are preferred, since here the mechanical reinforcement represents a significant advantage. The second variant is the most preferred because it provides the advantages of mechanical reinforcement and, thanks to the elimination of a step of applying a plastic primer primer-fast sequence of work on site.

Finally, subsequently to step (iv '), or (iii "), or (iii"'), in step (v), a bitumen-based supporting layer is applied.

This base layer represents the road surface, which is in direct contact with vehicles. The bituminous base layer is heated prior to application to a temperature of typically 140 ° C to 160 ° C and preferably rolled by means of a roll. The application of the bituminous support layer is well known to the person skilled in the art and will therefore not be discussed further here. In addition to bitumen, the base layer can have the other possible components known to those skilled in the art. The person skilled in the art knows the nature and quantity of the constituents of bitumen-based compositions which are used for the construction of roadways. Of particular importance here is the fact that the support layer usually to a significant extent mineral fillers, especially sand or grit have.

The fundamental difficulty of ensuring a good bond between plastic film and base layer can probably be attributed to this mixture of mineral constituents and bitumen and can be as a result of their very different hydrophilicity, respectively Hydrophobicity, and the associated different wetting properties.

When contacting the molten bitumen with the solid at room temperature thermoplastic melts this depending on the melting point on or on. If it melts, it can - depending on the nature of the thermoplastic - form a largely homogeneous thermoplastic layer or dissolve close to the surface in the bitumen and form a thermoplastic-containing boundary phase layer. Thus, it is well within the spirit of the present invention that the room temperature solid thermoplastic need not form an individual layer.

The solid at room temperature thermoplastic, optionally present fiber material layer and the pressure-sensitive adhesive, or the plastic primer, together form an adhesive layer, which ensures a bond between bituminous base layer and plastic film.

It is essential in this case that the application can take place immediately after the application of the fiber material layer or thermoplastic film, since the fiber material layer or thermoplastic film is dry and accessible or passable. In particular, neither curing, cooling or an additional intermediate step has to be awaited until the bitumen can be applied.

The roadway construction thus produced has the significant advantage that a long-lasting bond among the individual layers is ensured among each other, that it is dimensionally stable and reinforced by the use of fiber material layer even under large axle loads, which in particular during bending or lateral offset of the layers to each other is particularly advantageous. In addition, due to the porosity of the fibrous material layer, mechanical anchoring of the plastic primer or hotmelt adhesives on the one hand and of the bitumen directly or indirectly via binding via the room temperature solid thermoplastic on the other hand allows, which manifests itself in a further increase in the bond between the layers. This results in significantly less fatigue cracks, which the sealing function of the Could affect roadway construction. This method presented here thus not only saves time in the manufacture of the roadway structure, but brings further savings in maintenance, since the repair or renewal intervals means can be extended.

In a further aspect, the present invention relates to fiber material layer, on which on one side a solid at room temperature thermoplastic, in particular in the form of adhering to the surface of the fiber material thermoplastic balls, is adhesively applied.

In particular, the side of the fiber material layer opposite the thermoplastic side has a pressure sensitive hotmelt adhesive.

The fiber material layer can be produced in particular by a process in which a layer of a fiber material is sprinkled with a granulate of thermoplastic material that is solid at room temperature and then heated by means of a heat source.

In particular, in this method, one side of a fibrous material layer is coated with a pressure sensitive hotmelt adhesive, with the proviso that pressure sensitive hotmelt adhesive and room temperature solid thermoplastic are applied to different sides of the fibrous material.

It is particularly advantageous if a release paper is brought into contact with the adhesive melt adhesive applied to the fiber material.

It is also advantageous if the fiber material layer is rolled up by cooling the heated by means of heat source thermoplastics via a winding device into a roll.

In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a roadway construction comprising a support structure, in particular a concrete support structure, the surface of which is coated with a primer, in particular with a concrete primer on which a plastic film is applied, as well as a bitumen-based support layer and a plastic film between the support layer Adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive layer has a fiber material layer and at least one adhesive. At least one of the adhesives is a thermoplastic that is solid at room temperature.

At room temperature solid thermoplastic and pressure-sensitive adhesive, or plastic primer, are referred to here as an adhesive.

The components required for this purpose, in particular supporting structure, primer, plastic film, bituminous base course and possible bedding agents, plastic primer or pressure-sensitive hot melt adhesive have already been discussed in detail above.

The thermoplastic of the adhesive layer, which is solid at room temperature, is preferably located between the fiber material layer and the bitumen-based base layer.

In one variant, the adhesive layer has, in particular, a plastic primer which is located between the fiber material layer and the plastic film.

In a further variant, the adhesive layer has in particular a pressure-sensitive hot-melt adhesive which is located between the fiber material layer and the plastic film.

Particularly advantageously, the fiber material layer is a fiber fleece.

Particularly advantageously, the plastic film is a polyurethane film, in particular a sprayed film of two-component polyurethanes.

Short description of the drawing

In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Same elements are in the different Figures provided with the same reference numerals. Movements are indicated by arrows.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer und Kunststofffolie (Situation während bzw. nach Schritt (ii));

Fig. 2

einen Längsquerschnitt durch ein Herstellanlage für die Herstellung einer Faserwerkstoffschicht;

Fig. 3

einen Längsquerschnitt durch ein Herstellanlage für die Herstellung einer Faserwerkstoffschicht mit Haftschmelzklebstoff,

Fig. 4a

einen Querschnitt durch eine Faserwerkstoffschicht;

Fig. 4b

einen Querschnitt durch eine Faserwerkstoffschicht mit aufgebrachtem Haftschmelzklebstoff;

Fig. 4c

einen Querschnitt durch Thermoplastfolie mit eine Faserwerkstoffschicht mit aufgebrachtem Haftschmelzklebstoff;

Fig. 5

einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer, Kunststofffolie, Kunststoffprimer und Faserwerkstoffschicht (Situation während bzw. nach Schritt (iv'));

Fig. 6

einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer, Kunststofffolie und Faserwerkstoffschicht mit Haftschmelzklebstoff (Situation während bzw. nach Schritt (iii"));

Fig. 7

einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer, Kunststofffolie und Thermoplastfolie mit Haftschmelzklebstoff (Situation während bzw. nach Schritt (iii"'));

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt durch einen Fahrbahnaufbau.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a support structure with applied primer and plastic film (situation during or after step (ii));

Fig. 2

a longitudinal cross-section through a manufacturing plant for the production of a fiber material layer;

Fig. 3

a longitudinal cross section through a manufacturing plant for the production of a fiber material layer with hot-melt adhesive,

Fig. 4a

a cross section through a fiber material layer;

Fig. 4b

a cross section through a fiber material layer with applied pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive;

Fig. 4c

a cross section through thermoplastic film with a fiber material layer with applied pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive;

Fig. 5

a cross section through a support structure with applied primer, plastic film, plastic primer and fiber material layer (situation during or after step (iv '));

Fig. 6

a cross section through a support structure with applied primer, plastic film and fiber material layer with hotmelt adhesive (situation during or after step (iii "));

Fig. 7

a cross section through a support structure with applied primer, plastic film and thermoplastic film with hotmelt adhesive (situation during or after step (iii "'));

Fig. 8

a cross section through a roadway construction.

The drawings are schematic. Only the elements essential for the immediate understanding of the invention are shown.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a concrete support structure 2 with applied concrete primer 3 and plastic film 4. For this purpose, a two-component epoxy resin concrete primer 3 was applied to the concrete support structure 2 in a first step (i). Thereupon before the Curing a quartz sand (in Fig. 1 not shown) with the grain size 0.4 mm sprinkled into the primer. Subsequently, in step (ii) a two-component polyurethane plastic film 4 was sprayed in a layer thickness of 4 mm. FIG. 1 shows the situation of the roadway structure after step (ii).

FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal cross section through a manufacturing plant for the production of a fiber material layer. At the same time, the process for its production is also apparent here. Here, a fiber material layer 6 is fed via a deflection roller 18 of the coating installation. From a Granulatstreuer 15 a solid at room temperature thermoplastic 7 ", an EVA with a melting point of 140 ° C, as spherical granules with a diameter of 3 to 4 mm, sprinkled on the fiber material layer 6 and heated by a heat source 14, so that the Thermoplastic 7 "on the surface easily melts and is able to wet the fibers in contact with him, or to flow. Thereafter, the thermoplastic 7 "cools while passing through a cooling zone downstream of the heat source 14 so that the thermoplastic is bonded to the fibrous material layer, followed by the fiber material layer 6 with thermoplastic balls adhering to the surface of the fibrous material by means of the winding device 16 a roll 12 wound up. FIG. 2 shows below an enlarged schematic section of such a role of a wound fiber material layer 6 with adhering thermoplastic 7 ".

FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal cross section through a manufacturing plant for the production of a fiber material layer with hotmelt adhesive. At the same time, the process for its production is also apparent here. In addition to the in FIG. 2 already described details FIG. 1 the coating of the back of the fiber material layer 6. For this purpose, a hotmelt adhesive 7 'is melted from a hot melt adhesive applicator 17 applied over the entire surface in a layer thickness of 50 microns on the fiber material layer. After cooling and the deflection of the fiber material layer by deflection rollers 18 of the Hot-melt adhesive 7 'is brought into contact with the supply of a siliconized release paper 13 and covered and rolled up together.

This results in a fiber material layer 6, in which the pressure-sensitive hot-melt adhesive 7 'and the thermoplastic material 7 ", which is solid at room temperature, are applied on different sides of the fiber material.

In the enlarged, below in the FIG. 3 shown, section of the roll 12 are individual layers of release paper 13, hot-melt adhesive 7 ', fiber material layer 6 and adhering to the surface of the fiber material thermoplastic balls 7 "visible.

FIG. 4a shows a schematic cross section through a fiber material layer 6, on which on one side a solid at room temperature thermoplastic 7 "in the form of adhering to the surface of the fiber material thermoplastic beads, adhered is applied , or it, in FIG. 2 has been described.

FIG. 4b shows a schematic cross-section through a fiber material layer 6, on which on one side a solid at room temperature thermoplastic 7 "in the form of adhering to the surface of the fiber material thermoplastic balls, is adhesively applied and the thermoplastic 7" having side 9 'opposite side 9 " Fiber material layer has a pressure-sensitive hot-melt adhesive 7 'such a fiber material layer was by means of a manufacturing plant, or processes such as, or, in FIG. 3 has been described.

Figure 4c shows a schematic cross section through a film (10) of a room temperature solid thermoplastic 7 ", which is coated on one side with hotmelt adhesive 7 '.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross section through a support structure 2 with applied primer 3, plastic film 4, plastic primer 7 'and fiber material layer 6 with thermoplastic 7 ".

At the intermediate stage of the roadway construction, as in FIG. 1 was described, in step (iii ') a plastic primer 7' was applied. The plastic primer is preferably a two-component polyurethane primer. Subsequently, or was, now a fiber material layer 6 with solid thermoplastic 7 ", as in FIG. 4a has been described, placed in the not yet fully cured plastic primer 7 'in step (iv'). This takes place in such a way that the side (9 ") of the fiber material layer (6) opposite the thermoplastic (7") having side (9 ') is brought into contact with the plastic primer (7').

FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross section through a support structure 2 with applied primer 3, plastic film 4, hotmelt adhesive 7 ', fiber material layer 6 and thermoplastic 7 ".

At the intermediate stage of the roadway construction, as in FIG. 1 has been described, or was, in step (iii ") primerless now a fiber material layer 6 with hotmelt adhesive 7 'and with solid thermoplastic 7", as in FIG. 4b described, applied to the plastic film 4. This is done so that the pressure-sensitive adhesive having side 9 '"of the fiber material layer 6 is brought into contact with the plastic film 4.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross section through a support structure 2 with applied primer 3, plastic film 4, hotmelt adhesive 7 ', and thermoplastic film 10th

At the intermediate stage of the roadway construction, as in FIG. 1 has been, or was, in step (iii "') now a film 10 of a solid at room temperature thermoplastic 7", which on the plastic film 5 facing side 11 of the film 10, a hotmelt adhesive 7' primerless on the plastic film 4, applied.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross section through a roadway structure.

At the intermediate stage of the roadway construction, as in FIG. 5 or 6 Hereinafter, a bituminous base support layer 8 was applied in step (v). The thermoplastic spheres 7 "were heated by contact with the molten bitumen and melted in. For the sake of simplicity, in the illustration shown here, the thermoplastic 7" was shown as a full-surface layer. The fiber material layer 6 and adhesive 7, ie thermoplastic 7 "and plastic primer 7 'or hotmelt adhesive 7', together form an adhesive layer 5, which connect the base layer 8 based on bitumen and the plastic film 4 together.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

road construction

2

Support structure, concrete support structure

3

Primer, concrete primer

4

Plastic film

5

adhesive layer

6

Fiber material layer

7

adhesives

7 '

Adhesive, plastic primer, hot-melt adhesive

7 "

Adhesive, thermoplastic

8th

Base layer based on bitumen

9 '

Thermoplastic 7 "side of the fiber material layer 6

9 "

the thermoplastic 7 "having side 9 'opposite side of the fiber material layer. 6

9 ''

Hot-melt adhesive side of the fiber material layer 6

10

Foil of a thermoplastic, solid at room temperature 7 "

11

the plastic film 5 facing side of the film 10th

12

role

13

release paper

14

heat source

15

sand spreader

16

winder

17

Melt adhesive applicator

18

idler pulley

Claims (16)

Method for producing a roadway structure (1) comprising the steps (i) applying a primer (3) to a support structure (2), in particular applying a concrete primer (3) to a concrete structure (2); (ii) applying a plastic film (4) to the support structure (2) primed after step (i); and then
either (iii ') applying a plastic primer (7') to the plastic film (4), (iv ') applying a fiber material layer (6) on which a thermally stable at room temperature thermoplastic (7 ") is adhesively applied, wherein the application of the fiber material layer is such that the thermoplastic (7") having side (9') opposite Side (9 ") of the fiber material layer (6) is brought into contact with the plastic primer (7 '); or (iii ") applying a fiber material layer (6) on which on one side of a hotmelt adhesive (7 ') is applied and on the other side a solid at room temperature thermoplastic (7") is applied adhesively, wherein the application of the fiber material layer takes place in such a way in that the pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive side (9 "') of the fiber material layer (6) is brought into contact with the plastic film (4); or (iii "') applying a film (10) of a solid at room temperature thermoplastic (7"), which on the plastic film (5) facing side (11) of the film (10) comprises a pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive (7'); and (v) applying a bituminous base layer (8). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic film (4) is a polyurethane film, in particular a sprayed two-component polyurethane film. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the solid at room temperature thermoplastic (7 ") in the form of adhering to the surface of the fiber material thermoplastic balls, is applied. Fiber material layer (6) on which on one side a solid at room temperature thermoplastic (7 "), in particular in the form of adhering to the surface of the fiber material thermoplastic balls, is adhesively applied. Fiber material layer according to claim 4, characterized in that the thermoplastic (7 ") having side (9 ') opposite side (9") of the fiber material layer comprises a pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive (7'). Roller (12) of a coagulated fiber material layer according to claim 4 or 5. Process for the production of a fiber material layer according to claim 4, characterized in that a layer of a fiber material (6) is sprinkled with granules of room temperature solid thermoplastic (7 ") and then heated by means of heat source (14). A method according to claim 7, characterized in that one side of a fibrous material layer (6) is coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive (7 '), with the proviso that hotmelt adhesive (7') and solid at room temperature thermoplastic (7 ") on different sides of the fiber material (6) are applied. A process according to claim 8, characterized in that a release paper (13) with the pressure applied to the fiber material melt pressure sensitive adhesive (7 ') is brought into contact. Method according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the fiber material layer after cooling of the heat source (14) heated thermoplastic (7 ") via a winding device (16) is rolled up to a roll (12). Roadway structure (1) comprising a support structure (2) whose surface is coated with a primer (3) on which a plastic film (4) is attached, and a bitumen-based support layer (8) and between plastic film (4) and support layer (8) 8), characterized in that the adhesive layer (5) comprises a fibrous material layer (6) and at least one adhesive (7, 7 ', 7 "), at least one of the adhesives (7, 7', 7") a room temperature solid thermoplastic (7 ") is. Roadway structure (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the solid at room temperature thermoplastic (7 ") of the adhesive layer (5) is located between fiber material layer (6) and support layer (8) based on bitumen. Roadway structure (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the adhesive layer (5) comprises a plastic primer (7 '); which is located between fiber material layer (6) and plastic film (4). Roadway structure (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the adhesive layer (5) comprises a pressure-sensitive hot-melt adhesive (7 ') which is located between fiber material layer (6) and plastic film (4). Roadway structure (1) according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the fiber material layer (6) is a non-woven fabric. Roadway structure (1) according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the plastic film (4) is a polyurethane film, in particular a sprayed film of two-component polyurethanes.

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