EP2188847A2

EP2188847A2 - Solar module for the hybrid use of solar radiation and solar module arrangement

Info

Publication number: EP2188847A2
Application number: EP08801108A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Heinrich Bauer; Günter SCHLOTMANN
Original assignee: Omega Solar Verwaltungs GmbH
Current assignee: OMEGA SOLAR GMBH
Priority date: 2007-08-02
Filing date: 2008-08-01
Publication date: 2010-05-26
Also published as: WO2009015659A3; DE102007036528A1; WO2009015659A2; DE112008002799A5

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar module for the use of solar radiation for generating current or current and heat. This solar module has, in addition to the effective or hybrid energy conversion, a relatively linear characteristic with a steep rise and fall and generates a relatively high amount of work by means of a tracking system. The object of the invention is therefore to reduce the technical complexity involved for a solar module when tracking the solar trajectory and to keep the solar characteristic as linear as possible within a wide range, to increase the current yield by targeted concentration of the insolation and improved cooling and to increase the thermal yield in the case of hybrid use. A further object is to enable a light arrangement of solar modules which is favourable in terms of flow on external facades of buildings and towers incorporating tracking of the solar trajectory. According to the invention, the object is achieved by the features of claim 1. According to said claim, rotary bearings (5) are arranged in or on a transparent tubular housing (1). The photovoltaic cells (9) with supports, possibly cooling elements (6) fastened therebeneath and reflectors (7) extending along the photovoltaic cells (9) are at least partially connected to one another. Some or all of the elements (6, 7, 9, 10) are mounted pivotably on the rotary bearing (5). A drive (4) with a control unit is coupled to these elements (6, 7, 9, 10), with the result that these elements (6, 7, 9, 10) are capable of tracking the solar trajectory, with the housing (1) being fixed.

Description

Patent application

Name of the invention

Solar module for the hybrid use of solar radiation and solar module arrangement

description

(01) The invention relates to a solar module for the use of solar radiation for generating electricity or electricity and heat. This solar module has, in addition to the effective, or hybrid energy conversion, a relatively linear characteristic with steep rise and fall and produces a higher work through a tracking and concentration system.

State of the art

(02) The energy yield of solar cells (photovoltaic cells) is currently only at max. 16%. In addition to improving the efficiency of the solar cells, improved constructive solutions for the building units have also been developed to increase the energy yield.

(03) It is known that by cooling the solar cells, the performance can be increased. However, a larger practical application was previously only in connection with the use of waste heat, since the technical complexity in relation to Performance increase is high. These units are referred to as Kombisolarmodule, or hybrid systems. Here, the heat of the cooling circuit is simultaneously used by means of a heat dissipation system (DE 19651226 A1, DE 29615560 U, etc.). The practical designs for this are also relatively expensive. In the known flat Photovoltaikbaueinheiten a cooling medium (air, water, special fluid) is discharged freely or through lines below the solar cell to the outside. There, the heat is removed by heat exchangers for use.

(04) Tube designs are currently only used for collectors for heat generation (solar collectors). In practice, a unit consists of several juxtaposed tubes with an internal vacuum, in these fixed reflectors and centrally located lines for the heat transfer fluid. To improve the heat dissipation from the collector surfaces are also known for a long time known so-called heat pipes used. These replace the usual cooling lines in the collector, but require additional heat exchanger to the outside main line. In the known stationary solar panels this is technically unproblematic.

(05) In order to improve the energy yield, tracking systems are known for both utilization systems. By mechanical drives in conjunction with pivotally mounted collectors or photovoltaic assemblies and a control unit they are tracked to the sun. This is a constantly optimal position of the collectors, or solar cells to the sun and thus a higher and more uniform energy yield possible. However, the trackers are technically complex and require by the movement of the entire system a lot of space and energy. The components are exposed to the environment and thus a higher wear (US PS 4,723,535). The same applies to the variant according to US Pat. No. 4,388,481, several freestanding, movable reflectors to track. In many locations, such as. B. on rooftops, these are therefore not used.

(06) In DE 197 09 653 Al a combined solar element is proposed that in the housing, a translucent tube, a plurality of prisms has that direct incident light on the heat pipe and the solar cell. This housing is expensive due to the prism structure and allows only a limited improvement in the detection of solar radiation. In addition, the heat pipe shadows the solar cells. According to DE 43 38 735 Al, an angled reflector is arranged in a vacuum tube, which directs the sunlight proportionally to a collector plate and photovoltaic cells. The entire vacuum tube is rotatably mounted and tracked by pivoting the sun, which is known to be expensive. Due to the distribution of solar radiation only this proportion is used for the production of heat or power.

(07) Combinations of solar modules for power generation with wind turbines are also known. The solar modules in the form of flat elements are arranged on the tower or buildings on the tower. Both units complement each other partially, as often in low wind, a greater sunlight is available. Furthermore, existing areas and networks are used more effectively.

According to DE 10 2005 054 645 Al, the solar modules are arranged on a plurality of fastening devices, which are fastened to guide and Lastringbahnen. These are anchored parallel to each other on a tower. The solar modules are inclined with respect to the tower and include this up to max. 180 ° circumference. By means of drives, the fastening devices of the sun track can be tracked. Disadvantages are the great weight and the flow resistance of the construction for the stability of the tower. The required maintenance work at higher altitudes on the outer tower can only be realized with great effort. Object of the invention

(08) The object of the invention is therefore to reduce the technical complexity of a solar module for the hybrid use of solar radiation in the tracking of the orbit and to keep the solar characteristic in a wide range as linear as possible, the current efficiency through a targeted concentration of solar radiation and better Increase cooling and increase the heat yield in hybrid use.

Another object is to enable a streamlined and easy arrangement of solar modules on the outer facades of buildings and towers, including a tracking to the sun.

(09) According to the invention, the object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Thereafter, rotary bearings (5) are arranged in or on a light-transmitting tubular housing (1). The photovoltaic cells (9) with carriers, possibly under cooling elements (6) and extending along the photovoltaic cells (9) extending reflectors (7) are at least partially interconnected. Some or all elements (6, 7, 9, 10) are pivotally mounted on the pivot bearing (5). A drive (4) with control unit is coupled to these elements (6, 7, 9, 10), so that these elements (6, 7, 9, 10) of the sun track can be tracked, wherein the housing (1) is fixed.

(010) This invention enables cost-effective tracking. Only the relatively light elements in the housing must be moved, whereby the tracking can be made cheaper and less energy for tracking is required. This now low kinetic energy can be taken directly from the photovoltaic cells. It eliminates the mains connection and the drives, the frame and the storage of a large system. All moving elements are protected in the housing, require minimal maintenance and have a long service life. The Mounting of the tracking takes place during production and no longer on site. Furthermore, a very high proportion of the direct and part of the diffuse solar radiation is directed by the reflectors onto the photovoltaic cells (9). The higher concentration of solar radiation on the photovoltaic cells (9) also brings in more heat. By cooling the work of the photovoltaic cells (9) is more effective and at the same time won more irradiated heat for further use. Overall, this results in a greater than previously possible energy yield with a linear characteristic over a wide range.

(011) In the dependent claims 2 to 5 particularly favorable solution variants for the storage of the movable elements for short and longer solar modules are shown.

The solar module according to claim 2 has two position webs (2) which are fixedly arranged radially in the housing (1) in the region of the end walls. At each of these a pivot bearing (5) is approximately centrally mounted and in the pivot bearings (5) two Nachführungshalterungen (3) stored. The ends of the reflectors (7), supports (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) and cooling elements (6) arranged underneath are fastened thereto. On one of the position webs (2) of the drive (4) is fixed, which is in engagement with the hub of a Nachführungshalterung (3). The elements form by the connection of the reflectors (7), support (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) and arranged below cooling elements (6) a light but stable unit and can be pre-assembled in the housing. All elements (6, 7, 9, 10) track the sun orbit. The preferred embodiment according to claim 3 is longer and therefore has a plurality of position webs (2), which are fixedly arranged at a distance radially in the housing (1). As a result, sufficient stability is achieved.

In accordance with claim 4, a pivot bearing (5) with sealing bodies mounted centrally therein are arranged on / in the end walls of the housing (1) into which a shaft lying in the housing (1) is guided. By the co-rotating seal body For example, the heat pipes (11) arranged under the carrier (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) can be led to the outside. Furthermore, an external drive via the shaft is possible. A rotatable cap on the outer end wall of the housing (1) seals the interior.

According to the preferred embodiment according to claim 5, only the reflectors (7) are rotatably mounted, the other elements but fixed. The stationary cooling elements (6) or heat pipes (11) can thus be guided through the fixed end walls to the outside.

(012) The subclaims 6 to 14 contain preferred embodiments for the arrangement of the reflectors and their relation to the housing shape.

By an oval to elliptical cross section of the translucent tubular housing (1) according to claim 6, the interior space is used more effectively. In fixedly mounted carrier (10) with photovoltaic cells (9), the movable reflectors (7) are arranged in the region of the plane of the small diameter. Parallel to the plane of the largest diameter of the carrier (lO) with the photovoltaic cells (9). Whose width extends with the width of the reflectors (7) in the end position in the largest diameter range.

According to the preferred embodiment of claim 7, the strip-shaped reflectors (7) on both sides, longitudinally fixed to the support (10) with photovoltaic cells (9). With the surface of the photovoltaic cells (9), these enclose an angle of 100 ° to 120 °, depending on the ratio of the width of the carrier (10) of the photovoltaic cells (9) to the height of the reflectors (7). The solar radiation on the photovoltaic cells (9) is thus increased by the laterally adjacent to the photovoltaic cells (9) and part of the diffuse impinging portions. According to a further embodiment according to claim 8, the strip-shaped reflectors (7) have a height of at least twice the width of the support of the photovoltaic cells (9) and in the height range of about half and simple chen width of the carrier with photovoltaic cells (9) an additional bend (8) to the inside. All incident on the high reflectors (7) sun rays are thereby reflected on the photovoltaic cells (9).

(013) According to claim 9, at least two strip-shaped, concave reflectors (7) with a distance from each other to form a light incident zone along the support (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) pivotally mounted. The light rays reflected by the photovoltaic cells (9) or the carrier (10) are thereby reflected back to them. Although the reflectors reduce the proportion of light rays incident on the photovoltaic cells by 45 ° from the outside by the shading, it has surprisingly been found that the back reflection exceeds this reduction. In addition, also strongly incident light beam. reflected on the photovoltaic cells.

According to a preferred embodiment of the reflectors (7) according to claim 10, the strip-shaped, concave reflectors ^) over the width of the radius of the tube (1) are adapted. The width is in turn divided into a plurality of concave subareas, each with the focal point on the photovoltaic cells (9). On the one hand, this design achieves a large mirror width and, nevertheless, optimum focusing.

According to claim 11, the width of the concave reflectors (7) together 60 to 90% of the width of the carrier (10) with photovoltaic cells (9). In this area, the highest total radiation is achieved on the photovoltaic cells (9).

According to a preferred embodiment according to claim 12, the concave reflectors (7) with their own rotary actuators or with the drive of the carrier (10) with Photovoltaikzel ^¬ len (9). This makes it possible to independently track or track units that can be tracked by the sun. Depending on the installation position of the solar module tracking vari ^¬ ated thus be. (014) According to claim 13, the support (10) of the photovoltaic cells (9) and the reflectors (7) consist of a single, flat, multiply angled element. The trough-shaped profile is inexpensive to produce with a mirror surface coated thin sheet or plastic and has sufficient rigidity. The photovoltaic cells (9) and cooling elements (6) are z. B. attached by gluing to this.

In a preferred embodiment according to claim 14 reflector surfaces are arranged on the inner end walls of the housing (1), which form an angle of 140 ° to 150 ° with the surface of the photovoltaic cells (9). Irrespective of the altitude of the sun's position, the reflector surfaces allow a reflection of the diffuse and direct solar radiation from the inner end walls of the housing (1) onto the photovoltaic cells (9).

(015) The special use of heat pipes in solar modules and the structural variants thereof are contained in the independent claim 15 and the dependent claims 16 to 18. According to claim 15 are arranged in a translucent tubular housing, along a support photovoltaic cells and cooling elements, wherein as the cooling element (6) at least one heat pipe (ll) is arranged. The Kondensati ^¬ onszone of the heat pipe (ll) is either outside of the housing (1) and is connected there with cooling surfaces or heat exchangers or is connected to a heat exchanger / heat conductor within the housing (1), which led to the outside of the housing (1) is. The high thermal conductivity of heatpipes is used for the first time for cooling photovoltaic cells in a housing. The high heat concentration on the photovoltaic cells, due to the reflectors, is thereby compensated. The outer condensation zone derived the larger amount of heat safely to the outside and can be recycled there or delivered to the environment. (016) In order to enhance the cooling and heat yield, one or more heat pipes (11) are arranged underneath or in the support (10) of the photovoltaic cells (9) and on the reflectors (7).

In a preferred embodiment according to claim 17, all heat pipes (11) with the condensation zone in the region of a rotary bearing (5) through a sealing pipe feedthrough in the end wall of the housing (1) led to the outside and connected there with cooling surfaces or heat exchangers. This design allows for a sealed housing, although the heatpipes, together with the other elements, make one continuous rotation.

The embodiment according to claim 18 relates to a fixed support (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) according to claim 5. Since only the reflectors of the sun are tracked, the heatpipes are also fixedly mounted on the support and by means of simple sealing pipe penetrations in the end wall of the housing ( 1) led to the outside.

(017) The subclaims 19 to 22 contain preferred embodiments for driving and for controlling the tracking.

In a preferred embodiment according to claim 19 is as a drive (4) for the tracking of the elements (6, 7, 9, 10) to the sun orbit a motor with gear in the design as a solar DC - low voltage - arranged electric motor. This is made possible by the lightweight elements protected in the housing (6, 7, 9, 10). This low-cost, low-voltage electric motor is powered directly by the solar cells.

According to the embodiment of claim 20 some additional photovoltaic cells (9) in the housing (1) are connected to a capacitor to provide current to determine return movement of West to East ^¬. Through this solution, the required Rückbewe ^¬ supply is achieved during the morning starting position with simple means. The claim 21 relates to a preferred solution for tracking the solar movement, or earth rotation. This is characterized by additional, conically arranged photovoltaic cells (9) in the housing (1), which represent the position of the respective position of the sun by the voltage differences of these cells, so that directly the motor current of the drive (4) is controllable.

A further variant according to claim 22 is characterized by a control circuit for the drive (4) for tracking the elements (6, 7, 9, 10) to the orbit from east to west according to the astronomical time, which embodies the respective position of the sun.

(018) The claims 23 and 24 contain advantageous arrangements of solar modules to buildings.

A preferred arrangement according to claim 23 is characterized in that the solar modules are arranged vertically, immediately next to each other and one above the other at a distance for each one conduit for lines for electricity and waste heat. This arrangement causes a relatively smooth outer facade with low wind load. Since the solar modules have a slight tracking in the housing, eliminates the burden of the external facade by additional constructions. Another advantage of high external facades and towers for wind turbines is the low maintenance. In case of failure of a solar module can be dispensed with an immediate repair. The current efficiency is high despite the vertical arrangement in the annual average, since at low sunshine high efficiency is achieved.

(019) According to claim 23, the solar modules are also arranged on the east and west sides of external facades. In contrast to the usual south orientation, the invention also allows the effective use of other building surfaces. The vertical arrangement is relatively effective at low sun. In addition, by the tracking of the reflectors and / or Photovoltaic cells also achieved good overall performance on northeast and northwest sides.

Examples

(020) The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment.

FIG. 1 shows the spatial representation of an end section of a solar module,

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment with fixed photovoltaic cells;

FIG. 3 the beam path at the reflectors,

Fig. 4 shows a housing end with pivot bearing and bushings for heat pipes

5 is a diagram with power curves,

6 shows the solar module in section to the longitudinal axis with a mirror arrangement relative to the photovoltaic cells,

7 shows the detail of a pivotally mounted mirror,

Fig. 8 shows the vertical arrangement of solar modules on the outer wall of a tower in section and

9 shows the side view of the detail of two solar modules according to FIG. 8

(021) According to FIG. 1, the solar module has a housing 1 which consists of a light-resistant, transparent plastic tube. The frontal openings are tightly closed by inserted end walls. At the two ends of the plastic tube, without connection to the end walls, a respective positioning web 2 is inserted. This is fixed by a slight excess over the pipe diameter or ver ^¬ sticks. In the center of the position bar 2 is zent ^¬ risch to the plastic tube ever a pivot bearing 5. Since in this only a slow, limited swing with less

Load is performed, the simplest types such as plain bearings are sufficient. This can be a plastic or sintered ring with permanent lubricant. Through this slide bearing a short shaft, not shown, is guided, at the inner end of the Nachführungshalterung 3 is attached. At the outer end of a drive 4 is mounted, which is supported on the position bar 2. The drive consists of a DC low-voltage electric motor with a reduction gearbox. As a voltage source, additional photovoltaic cells can thereby be used.

(022) The tracking bracket 3 is shorter than the diameter of the housing 1. At the ends, the upper ends of the reflectors 7 are fixed. These consist of a double angled oblong sheet metal. The length corresponds to the distance between the two Nachführungshalterungen 3. The lateral slopes have a greater height than the width of the middle piece. The individual dimensions depend on the diameter of the housing 1, the ratio of the center piece to the bevels and the included angle. The angle is 100 to 120 °. The insides are suitable for a good reflection. In the height range of about half and simple width of the middle piece is an additional bend (8) inwards. This in turn depends on the height / width ratio in order to reflect the solar radiation onto the ends of the oblique ^¬ gene on the middle piece. The center piece of the sheet here forms the carrier 10 for the photovoltaic cells 9.

(023) Under the support 10 are longitudinally mounted cooling elements 6, which derive the heat from the sheet (reflectors 7) and Photovol ^¬ taikzellen 9. The cooling elements 6 may be formed as heat pipes 11. At the end of the housing 1, not shown, they are guided by the end wall of the housing 1 to the outside. The training of implementation may, for. B. in accordance with FIG. 4. Here is in a front wall a warehouse with a attached by a sealing inner area through which the implementation takes place. An outer cap seals the bearing. On the outwardly projecting ends of the heat pipes 11 with the condensation region a cooler is attached, which emits the heat to the environment. Instead of a cooler, a heat exchanger can be arranged to forward the waste heat.

(024) The two tracking holders 3 form a permanently connected unit with the cooling elements 6, the reflectors 7, photovoltaic cells 9 and the carrier 10. This is pre-assembled pushed together with the position bars 2, 3 pivot bearings and drive 4 in the housing 1 and fixed there. Finally, the sealing end walls are put on. The tracking movement to the sun is made by the drive 4, which pivots said assembly. The tracking situation is regulated on a time-dependent basis. The energy relates to the drive directly from additional, conically arranged photovoltaic cells or via a control circuit, not shown. For the return to the morning starting position, a capacitor is still arranged in the circuit, which provides the required energy for sunrise.

(025) Figs. 8 and 9 show the arrangement of solar modules on a tower of a wind turbine. The solar modules are vertical, directly next to each other ring-shaped attached to the tower. Excluded is only the north side. Between each spaced ring of solar modules, a duct is mounted. This connects the ends of all solar modules and contains the power cables and pipes for the waste heat, which are in communication with the switching ^¬ center on the tower. [List of reference numbers]

1 housing

2 position bar

3 tracking bracket

4 drive

5 pivot bearing

6 cooling elements

7 reflector

8 angulation

9 photovoltaic cells

10 carriers

11 heatpipe

12 solar module

13 duct

14 tower of the wind turbine

Claims

[Claims]

1. Solar module for the hybrid use of solar radiation, consisting of a translucent tubular housing, with longitudinally disposed therein on a support photovoltaic cells, underlying cooling elements and along the photovoltaic cells extending reflectors, wherein the photovoltaic cells and cooling elements are connected to external energy consumers, characterized in that in or on the translucent tubular

Housing (1) pivot bearings (5) are arranged, the photovoltaic cells (9) with support (lO), optionally arranged below cooling elements (6) and along the

Photovoltaic cells (9) extending reflectors (7) at least partially connected to each other and some or all of them

Elements (6, 7, 9, 10) are pivotally mounted on the pivot bearings (5), at least one drive (4) with control unit with some or all elements (6, 7, 9, 10) is coupled, so that some or all Elements (6, 7, 9, 10) of the sun track can be tracked, wherein the housing (1) is fixed.

2. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that two position webs (2) are fixed radially in the housing (1) in the region of the end walls, to each of which a pivot bearing (5) is fastened approximately centrally, in the rotary bearings (5) two Nachführungshalterungen (3) are mounted on which the ends of the reflectors (7), carriers (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) and arranged below cooling elements (6) are attached and at a position webs (2) of the drive (4) is fixed, which is in engagement with the hub of a Nachführungshalterung (3), so that all elements (6, 7, 9, 10) of the sun track are trackable.

3. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of position webs (2) at a distance radially in the housing (1) are fixed, to each of which a pivot bearing (5) is mounted approximately centrally, in the rotary bearings (5) Nachführungshalterungen (3 ) are mounted, at the respective ends of several consecutive lying

Reflectors (7), carriers (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) and arranged below cooling elements (6) are fixed and on a position webs (2) of the drive (4) is fixed, which is in engagement with the hub of a Nachführungshalterung (3) , so that all elements (6, 7, 9, 10) of the sun track can be tracked.

4. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that on / in the end walls of the housing (1) each having a pivot bearing (5) is arranged with centrally mounted sealing body, in the sealing bodies centrally in the housing (1) lying wave is guided, are guided by the sealing body heatpipes (11), so that the end pieces with the condensation zone outside the housing (1), on the shaft reflectors (7), supports (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) and arranged below arranged heatpipes (11) are carried out on a sealing body, the shaft to the outside and at the shaft end a drive (4) is arranged and a respective rotatable cap on the outer end wall of the housing (1) is fixed to the sealing body.

5. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) and arranged below cooling elements (6) in the housing (1) are fixedly mounted, at the four corners each have a pivot bearing (5) is attached, in which the ends of a longitudinal side of the reflectors (7) are mounted and at at least one end of the elongated carrier (10) a

Drive (4) is arranged, with the reflectors (7) in

Connection stands, so that only the reflectors (7) together or separately the

Sonnenbahn are trackable.

6. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that the translucent tubular housing (1) has an oval to elliptical cross section, the carrier (10) with the photovoltaic cells (9) parallel to the plane of the largest diameter and the reflectors (7) in the area the level of small diameter are arranged.

7. A solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that on both sides, longitudinally on the support (10) with photovoltaic cells (9), extending upwards, each a strip-shaped reflector (7) is fixed, which with the surface of the photovoltaic cells ( 9) includes an angle of 100 ° to 120 °.

8. Solar module according to claim 7, characterized in that the strip-shaped reflectors (7) have a height of at least twice the width of the carrier (10) and in the height range of about half and simple width of the carrier (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) have additional bending inward, so that all incident on the reflectors (7) sun rays are reflected on the photovoltaic cells (9).

9. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two strip-shaped, concave reflectors (7) with a distance to each other to form a light incidence zone along the support (10) with photovoltaic cells (9) are pivotally mounted, so that of the photovoltaic cells ( 9), or the carrier (10) reflected light rays are reflected back to them.

10. Solar module according to claim 9, characterized in that the strip-shaped, concave reflectors (7) over the width of the radius of the tube (1) are adapted, wherein the width in a plurality of concave sub-surfaces, each with the focus on the photovoltaic cells (9). , is divided.

11. Solar module according to claim 9, characterized in that the width of the concave reflectors (7) together amount to 60 to 90% of the width of the carrier (10) with photovoltaic cells (9).

12. Solar module according to claim 9, characterized in that the concave reflectors (7) are connected with their own rotary actuators or with the drive of the carrier (10) with photovoltaic cells (9), so that they are independently or jointly tracked the position of the sun.

13. Solar module according to one of claims 1 to ^ 4, characterized in that the carrier (10) of the photovoltaic cells (9) and the reflectors (7) consist of a flat, multi-angled element made of sheet metal or plastic, which is coated with a mirror surface is.

14. Solar module according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on the inner end walls of the housing (1) reflector surfaces are arranged, which coincide with the surface of the Photovoltaic cells (9) enclose an angle of 140 ° to 150 ° to the incident on the inner end walls

Sun rays to the photovoltaic cells (9) to reflect.

15. Solar module for the hybrid use of solar radiation, consisting of a translucent tubular housing, arranged longitudinally in this on a support photovoltaic cells and cooling elements, characterized in that arranged as a cooling element (6) at least one heat pipe (ll) in the housing (1) is, wherein the condensation zone of the heat pipe (ll) either outside of the housing (1) and is connected there with cooling surfaces or heat exchangers, or with a heat exchanger / heat conductor within the housing (1) connected to the outside of the housing (1) is guided.

16. Solar module according to claim 1 and 15, characterized in that under or in the carrier (10) of the photovoltaic cells (9) and to the reflectors (7) one or more heat pipes (11) is arranged / are.

17. Solar module according to claim 1, 15 or 16, characterized in that all the heat pipes (11) with the condensation zone in the region of a rotary bearing (5) through a sealing pipe bushing in the end wall of the housing (1) led to the outside and there with cooling surfaces or Heat exchangers are connected.

18. Solar module according to claim 5 and 15, characterized in that the heat pipes (11) with the condensation zone by a respective sealing pipe feedthrough in the end wall of the housing (1) are guided to the outside.

19. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that arranged as a drive (4) for the tracking of the elements (6, 7, 9, 10, 11) for the sun track, a motor with gear in the design as a solar DC - low-voltage electric motor is.

20. Solar module according to claim 19, characterized in that additional photovoltaic cells in the housing (1) are connected to a capacitor to provide power for a return movement from west to east.

21. Solar module according to claim 19, characterized in that additionally conically arranged photovoltaic cells in the housing (1) are arranged, which represent the position of the respective position of the sun by the voltage differences of these cells, so that directly the motor current of the drive (4) is controllable.

22. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized by a control circuit for the drive (4) for tracking the elements (6, 7, 9, 10, 11) to the orbit from east to west according to the astronomical time, which embodies the respective position of the sun.

23. Arrangement of solar modules according to one embodiment according to one of claims 1 to 22 on the outer facades of buildings, characterized in that they are arranged vertically, immediately adjacent to each other and one above the other at a distance for each conduit for lines for electricity and waste heat.

24. Arrangement of solar modules according to claim 23, characterized in that the solar modules are also arranged on the east and west sides of external facades.