EP2185820B1 - Compact dry-running piston compressor - Google Patents

Compact dry-running piston compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2185820B1
EP2185820B1 EP08785677.9A EP08785677A EP2185820B1 EP 2185820 B1 EP2185820 B1 EP 2185820B1 EP 08785677 A EP08785677 A EP 08785677A EP 2185820 B1 EP2185820 B1 EP 2185820B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric motor
housing
housing half
piston compressor
compact dry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP08785677.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2185820A1 (en
Inventor
Jörg MELLAR
Michael Hartl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
Original Assignee
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/121—Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/128—Crankcases

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compact dry-running piston compressor, in particular for commercial vehicles, with at least one cylinder for compressing air by means of an associated piston, which is movable by an electric motor of a crankshaft and connecting rod crank mechanism which rotatably mounted in a ⁇ lbadenfin compressor housing over permanently lubricated bearings is and generates a housing-internal cooling air flow as a result of the movement cycle.
  • the field of application of the present invention extends primarily to rail vehicle and commercial vehicle construction.
  • auxiliary compressors small electric motor driven units used, which generate compressed air for in-vehicle consumers.
  • oil-lubricated reciprocating compressors were used for this purpose.
  • Novel compressor concepts based on reciprocating compressors also allow oil-free operation.
  • the bearings of the crank mechanism are here rolling bearings and provided the rolling bearings with a local permanent lubrication.
  • the oil-free piston compressor was developed in particular for maintenance and environmental reasons.
  • the piston compressor consists essentially of a compressor unit for generating compressed air, which is driven by a drive unit for generating a rotational movement.
  • the drive unit is usually behind Formed type of electric motor.
  • a crankshaft is rotatably mounted within the crankcase of the compressor unit.
  • two connecting rods which communicate with associated pistons to convert the drive-side rotational movement into a linear movement of the pistons which are housed to compress air within associated cylinders.
  • the cylinders are mounted here in 180 ° position on the crankcase.
  • an inlet-side valve is provided which, when the negative pressure in the crankcase generated by the movement of the piston, reaches its open position. Over this cooling air is drawn in from the outside and at least a second spaced therefrom arranged on the crankcase outlet-side valve passes in a generated by the movement of the piston pressure in the crankcase in its open position. As a result, used cooling air is expelled, so that as a result of the movement cycle of the piston, an internal cooling air flow flows through the crankcase.
  • a compressor cooling which uses an in-house cooling air flow, emerges.
  • This housing-internal cooling air flow is generated by means of a fan shaft attached to the motor shaft, which is arranged adjacent to a partition wall between a housing half assigned to an electric motor and a housing half assigned to a crank drive of the compressor. While at this point the supplied from the outside cooling air flow penetrates into the compressor interior, the heated cooling air flow is discharged via the second housing half to the outside.
  • the invention includes the technical teaching that the compressor housing comprises two housing halves separated by a partition to accommodate the crank drive within the first housing half and accommodate the electric motor within the second housing half, wherein in the partition wall a rolling bearing common to the crank drive and the electric motor is used which is located in the first half of the housing passing cooling air flow. It is provided that in the partition at least one opening for deflecting parts of the cooling air flow of the first housing half is provided in the second housing half. As a result, the cooling air flow can also be selectively directed into the region of the second housing half, so that the cooling effect can be improved with this measure.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention is in particular that a common housing for the compressor unit and the drive is provided, which ensures complete isolation from polluted environments. At the same time, the thermal problems associated with such encapsulation are solved in total for the compressor unit and drive unit with a common cooling air flow.
  • the solution according to the invention is based on the recognition that the output-side head of motor windings is the decisive heat source, which can be efficiently cooled by local cooling measures in conjunction with a common housing.
  • the solution according to the invention is optimized with regard to the required number of roller bearings.
  • a rolling bearing can be used jointly for the electric motor and the crankshaft bearing. If this is deliberately cooled, a sufficient cooling effect for the electric motor is achieved, which is made possible by the heat conduction in the region of the partition wall.
  • the crankshaft is rotatably mounted in addition to the rolling bearing arranged in the partition to the other side by another rolling bearing.
  • a total of two bearings for the crankshaft are sufficient to rotatably mount the crank mechanism together with the electric motor.
  • the further rolling bearing can be used in a capsuled in the basic form flat lid of the first half of the housing to the outside encapsulated.
  • the flat lid does not significantly increase the outer geometric dimensions of the reciprocating compressor. At the same time the flat lid creates an easy to disassemble access to the interior of the crankcase.
  • the second rolling bearing should also be in the first half of the housing passing cooling air flow.
  • the commutation electronics required for such a brushless electric motor can likewise be integrated into the second housing half in a simple manner.
  • the commutation electronics should be arranged on a flat-building board, which is arranged in the region of the housing wall. For better accessibility of the commutation this can be closed with a screw-on lid.
  • the second housing half is closed at the front with a likewise flat in the basic form lid. After mounting this cover, the interior of the electric motor is accessible for maintenance and repair.
  • the integrated compressor housing designed according to the invention also has, in the region of the first housing half, an opening for the detachable attachment of a cylinder, which is preferably designed as a separate component. Due to the separate design of the cylinder, the integrated compressor housing can be performed with the two housing halves casting technology in a simple manner, preferably in light metal casting.
  • inflow channels are provided in the piston compressor whose cross sections vary so that the individual assemblies are flowed through with different cooling air streams.
  • the individual assemblies here are the crankcase, the winding space of the electric motor and the commutation electronics.
  • the advantage here is that the corresponding areas are optimally supplied with a sufficient amount of cooling air.
  • the compressor has a single cylinder 1, in which a piston 2 is arranged for compressing sucked from the environment via a cylinder cover 3 compressed air.
  • the linear working movement for the piston 2 is generated by a crank mechanism, which consists essentially of crankshaft 4 with connecting rod 5.
  • the crankshaft 4 is rotatably supported relative to the compressor housing 7 via two rolling bearings 6a and 6b.
  • the compressor housing 7 consists of a first housing half 8, which forms the crankcase and a second housing half 9, which houses an electric motor 10.
  • the electric motor 10 is designed in this embodiment as a brushless electric motor and includes a stator 11 of coil windings with iron core, which cooperates with a rotor 12 equipped with permanent magnets.
  • the rotor 12 of the electric motor 10 is screwed to a conical end of the crankshaft 4 projecting into the second housing half 9.
  • a commutation electronics 13 of the electric motor 10 is integrated in the wall of the second housing half 9.
  • the commutation electronics 13 is housed on a circuit board.
  • the second housing half 9 is closed with a flat cover 14 frontally via individual screws.
  • the first housing half 8 has a flat in the basic form cover 15, which closes these frontally via screw.
  • the cover 15 of the first housing half 8 includes a seat for the rolling bearing 6a of the crankshaft 4.
  • the other rolling bearing 6b of the crankshaft 4 is placed in a partition wall 16 of the compressor housing 8.
  • the rolling bearing 6b is provided both for one-sided mounting of the crankshaft 4 and for supporting the rotor 12 of the electric motor 10.
  • Both rolling bearings 6a and 6b are in a first housing half 8 passing cooling air flow.
  • the cooling air flow passes valve-controlled via a cylinder-side channel 17 due to the movement cycle of the crank mechanism in the interior of the first housing half 8 and leaves it through a valve-connected opening 18.
  • the cooling air flow is thereby passed through the first housing half 8, that both bearings 6a and 6b cooled thereby become.
  • the partition wall 16 For deflecting parts of the cooling air flow of the first housing half 8 in the second housing half 9, the partition wall 16 a ring of openings.
  • inflow channels 20 are provided, which are supplied via the channel 17 with air. These inflow passages convey cooling air to the individual components, the amount of cooling air being defined by the respective cross sections. The flow of air is illustrated by the hollow arrows in the figure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen kompakten trockenlaufenden Kolbenkompressor, insbesondere für Nutzfahrzeuge, mit mindestens einem Zylinder zur Kompression von Luft mittels eines zugeordneten Kolbens, der per Elektromotor von einem aus Kurbelwelle und Pleuel bestehenden Kurbeltrieb bewegbar ist, welcher in einem ölbadfreien Kompressorgehäuse über dauergeschmierte Wälzlager drehbar gelagert ist und in Folge des Bewegungszyklus einen gehäuseinternen Kühlluftstrom erzeugt.The present invention relates to a compact dry-running piston compressor, in particular for commercial vehicles, with at least one cylinder for compressing air by means of an associated piston, which is movable by an electric motor of a crankshaft and connecting rod crank mechanism which rotatably mounted in a Ölbadfreien compressor housing over permanently lubricated bearings is and generates a housing-internal cooling air flow as a result of the movement cycle.

Das Einsatzgebiet der vorliegenden Erfindung erstreckt sich vornehmlich auf den Schienenfahrzeug- sowie Nutzfahrzeugbau. Hier kommen als Hilfskompressoren kleine elektromotorisch betriebene Baueinheiten zum Einsatz, welche Druckluft für fahrzeuginterne Verbraucher erzeugen. In der Vergangenheit kamen zu diesem Zwecke vornehmlich ölgeschmierte Kolbenkompressoren zum Einsatz. Neuartige Verdichterkonzepte auf Basis von Kolbenkompressoren lassen auch einen ölfreien Betrieb zu. Anstelle einer Ölbefüllung des Kurbelgehäuses werden die Lagerstellen des Kurbeltriebs hier wälzgelagert und die Wälzlagerungen mit einer örtlichen Dauerschmierung versehen. Der ölfreie Kolbenkompressor wurde insbesondere aus wartungs- und umwelttechnischen Gründen entwickelt.The field of application of the present invention extends primarily to rail vehicle and commercial vehicle construction. Here come as auxiliary compressors small electric motor driven units used, which generate compressed air for in-vehicle consumers. In the past, mainly oil-lubricated reciprocating compressors were used for this purpose. Novel compressor concepts based on reciprocating compressors also allow oil-free operation. Instead of an oil filling of the crankcase, the bearings of the crank mechanism are here rolling bearings and provided the rolling bearings with a local permanent lubrication. The oil-free piston compressor was developed in particular for maintenance and environmental reasons.

Aus der DE 10 2004 042 944 A1 geht ein gattungsgemäßer trockenlaufender Kolbenkompressor hervor. Der Kolbenkompressor besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer Verdichtereinheit zur Erzeugung von Druckluft, welche von einer Antriebseinheit zur Erzeugung einer Drehbewegung angetrieben wird. Die Antriebseinheit ist hierbei meist nach Art eines Elektromotors ausgebildet. Innerhalb des Kurbelgehäuses der Verdichtereinheit ist eine Kurbelwelle drehbar gelagert. An der Kurbelwelle sind zwei Pleuel angebracht, die mit zugeordneten Kolben in Verbindung stehen, um die antriebsseitige Drehbewegung in eine Linearbewegung der Kolben umzuwandeln, welche zum Komprimieren von Luft innerhalb zugeordneter Zylinder untergebracht sind. Die Zylinder sind hier in 180°-Stellung am Kurbelgehäuse angebracht. Zur Verbesserung der Kühlung der Zylinder ist ein einlassseitiges Ventil vorgesehen, welches bei einem durch die Bewegung des Kolbens erzeugten Unterdruck im Kurbelgehäuse in seine Offenstellung gelangt. Hierüber wird von außen Kühlluft angesaugt und mindestens ein zweites beabstandet hiervon am Kurbelgehäuse angeordnetes auslassseitiges Ventil gelangt bei einem durch die Bewegung des Kolbens erzeugten Überdruck im Kurbelgehäuse in seine Offenstellung. Hierdurch wird verbrauchte Kühlluft ausgestoßen, so dass in Folge des Bewegungszyklus der Kolben ein interner Kühlluftstrom durch das Kurbelgehäuse fließt.From the DE 10 2004 042 944 A1 goes out a generic dry-running piston compressor. The piston compressor consists essentially of a compressor unit for generating compressed air, which is driven by a drive unit for generating a rotational movement. The drive unit is usually behind Formed type of electric motor. Within the crankcase of the compressor unit, a crankshaft is rotatably mounted. Mounted on the crankshaft are two connecting rods, which communicate with associated pistons to convert the drive-side rotational movement into a linear movement of the pistons which are housed to compress air within associated cylinders. The cylinders are mounted here in 180 ° position on the crankcase. To improve the cooling of the cylinder, an inlet-side valve is provided which, when the negative pressure in the crankcase generated by the movement of the piston, reaches its open position. Over this cooling air is drawn in from the outside and at least a second spaced therefrom arranged on the crankcase outlet-side valve passes in a generated by the movement of the piston pressure in the crankcase in its open position. As a result, used cooling air is expelled, so that as a result of the movement cycle of the piston, an internal cooling air flow flows through the crankcase.

Zwar wird durch diese technische Lösung ein Kühlluftstrom zur Innenkühlung eines trockenlaufenden Kolbenkompressor genutzt, jedoch ist der angeflanschte Elektromotor separat zu kühlen, was üblicherweise durch ein Lüfterrad am Elektromotor erfolgt. Hierüber kann wiederum aus der Umgebung Feuchtigkeit und Schmutz eindringen. Um dies zu verhindern, erfolgte bislang eine zusätzliche Kapselung des Kolbenkompressors samt Elektromotor, was jedoch den Platzbedarf der Baueinheit erheblich vergrößert.Although a cooling air flow for internal cooling of a dry-running piston compressor is used by this technical solution, but the flanged electric motor is cooled separately, which is usually done by a fan on the electric motor. This in turn can penetrate from the environment moisture and dirt. In order to prevent this, an additional encapsulation of the reciprocating compressor including electric motor has hitherto been carried out, which, however, considerably increases the space requirement of the unit.

Aus der CH 504621 A geht ein kompakter trockenlaufender Kolbenkompressor mit einer einzylindrigen Verdichtereinheit hervor, welche trockenlaufend ausgeführt ist. Der Kolbenkompressor ist hermetisch gekapselt. Zur Ableitung der beim Betrieb auftretenden Reibungs- und Verdichtungswärme sowie der Motorverlustwärme wird der Kolbenkompressor von außen her durch einen Lüfter angeblasen.From the CH 504621 A goes out a compact dry-running piston compressor with a single-cylinder compressor unit, which is running dry. The piston compressor is hermetically sealed. To dissipate the frictional and compressive heat occurring during operation as well as the engine heat loss, the piston compressor is blown from the outside by a fan.

Aus der DD 238 645 A1 geht im Kontrast zu der vorstehend beschriebenen technischen Lösung des Standes der Technik eine Kompressorkühlung hervor, welche sich eines gehäuseinternen Kühlluftstroms bedient. Erzeugt wird dieser gehäuseinterne Kühlluftstrom mittels eines an der Motorwelle angebrachten Lüfterrades, welches benachbart zu einer Trennwand zwischen einer einem Elektromotor zugeordneten Gehäusehälfte und einer einem Kurbeltrieb des Verdichters zugeordneten Gehäusehälfte angeordnet ist. Während an dieser Stelle der von außen her zugeführte Kühlluftstrom in den Kompressorinnenraum eindringt, wird der aufgeheizte Kühlluftstrom über die zweite Gehäusehälfte nach außen hin abgeführt.From the DD 238 645 A1 In contrast to the technical solution of the prior art described above, a compressor cooling, which uses an in-house cooling air flow, emerges. This housing-internal cooling air flow is generated by means of a fan shaft attached to the motor shaft, which is arranged adjacent to a partition wall between a housing half assigned to an electric motor and a housing half assigned to a crank drive of the compressor. While at this point the supplied from the outside cooling air flow penetrates into the compressor interior, the heated cooling air flow is discharged via the second housing half to the outside.

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen kompakten trockenlaufenden Kolbenkompressor zu schaffen, welcher zum Einsatz in verschmutzten Umgebungen geeignet ist und sich durch eine lange Lebensdauer auszeichnet.It is the object of the present invention to provide a compact dry-running reciprocating compressor which is suitable for use in polluted environments and is characterized by a long service life.

Die Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einem Kolbenkompressor gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 in Verbindung mit dessen kennzeichnenden Merkmalen gelöst. Die nachfolgenden abhängigen Ansprüche geben vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung wieder.The object is achieved on the basis of a reciprocating compressor according to the preamble of claim 1 in conjunction with its characterizing features. The following dependent claims give advantageous developments of the invention.

Die Erfindung schließt die technische Lehre ein, dass das Kompressorgehäuse zwei über eine Trennwand getrennte Gehäusehälften umfasst, um innerhalb der ersten Gehäusehälfte den Kurbeltrieb unterzubringen und innerhalb der zweiten Gehäusehälfte den Elektromotor unterzubringen, wobei in der Trennwand ein dem Kurbeltrieb sowie dem Elektromotor gemeinsames Wälzlager eingesetzt ist, welches in dem die erste Gehäusehälfte passierenden Kühlluftstrom liegt. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass in der Trennwand mindestens eine Öffnung zur Umlenkung von Teilen des Kühlluftstroms der ersten Gehäusehälfte in die zweite Gehäusehälfte vorgesehen ist. Hierdurch kann der Kühlluftstrom gezielt auch in den Bereich der zweiten Gehäusehälfte hinein geleitet werden, so dass die Kühlwirkung mit dieser Maßnahme verbessert werden kann.The invention includes the technical teaching that the compressor housing comprises two housing halves separated by a partition to accommodate the crank drive within the first housing half and accommodate the electric motor within the second housing half, wherein in the partition wall a rolling bearing common to the crank drive and the electric motor is used which is located in the first half of the housing passing cooling air flow. It is provided that in the partition at least one opening for deflecting parts of the cooling air flow of the first housing half is provided in the second housing half. As a result, the cooling air flow can also be selectively directed into the region of the second housing half, so that the cooling effect can be improved with this measure.

Der Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung liegt insbesondere darin, dass ein gemeinsames Gehäuse für die Verdichtereinheit sowie den Antrieb geschaffen wird, der eine vollständige Abkapselung gegenüber verschmutzten Umgebungen gewährleistet. Gleichzeitig werden die mit einer solchen Kapselung auftretenden thermischen Probleme insgesamt für Verdichtereinheit und Antriebseinheit mit einem gemeinsamen Kühlluftstrom gelöst. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, dass der abtriebsseitige Kopf von Motorwicklungen die entscheidende Wärmequelle ist, welche sich durch ortsnahe Kühlmaßnahmen in Verbindung mit einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse effizient kühlen lässt. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist optimiert im Hinblick auf die erforderliche Anzahl von Wälzlagern. So kann gemeinsam für den Elektromotor und der Kurbelwellenlagerung ein Wälzlager zum Einsatz kommen. Wird dieses gezielt gekühlt, so wird eine auch für den Elektromotor ausreichende Kühlwirkung erzielt, was durch die Wärmeleitung im Bereich der Trennwand möglich wird.The advantage of the solution according to the invention is in particular that a common housing for the compressor unit and the drive is provided, which ensures complete isolation from polluted environments. At the same time, the thermal problems associated with such encapsulation are solved in total for the compressor unit and drive unit with a common cooling air flow. The solution according to the invention is based on the recognition that the output-side head of motor windings is the decisive heat source, which can be efficiently cooled by local cooling measures in conjunction with a common housing. The solution according to the invention is optimized with regard to the required number of roller bearings. Thus, a rolling bearing can be used jointly for the electric motor and the crankshaft bearing. If this is deliberately cooled, a sufficient cooling effect for the electric motor is achieved, which is made possible by the heat conduction in the region of the partition wall.

Die Kurbelwelle ist neben dem in der Trennwand angeordneten Wälzlager zur anderen Seite hin durch ein weiteres Wälzlager drehgelagert. Somit sind insgesamt zwei Wälzlager für die Kurbelwelle ausreichend, um den Kurbeltrieb samt Elektromotor drehzulagern. Das weitere Wälzlager lässt sich dabei in einem in der Grundform flachen Deckel der ersten Gehäusehälfte nach außen hin abgekapselt einsetzen. Durch den flachen Deckel erhöhen sich die äußeren geometrischen Abmessungen des Kolbenkompressors nicht erheblich. Gleichzeitig schafft der flache Deckel eine einfach zu demontierende Zugangsmöglichkeit zum Inneren des Kurbelgehäuses. Das zweite Wälzlager sollte ebenfalls in dem die erste Gehäusehälfte passierenden Kühlluftstrom liegen.The crankshaft is rotatably mounted in addition to the rolling bearing arranged in the partition to the other side by another rolling bearing. Thus, a total of two bearings for the crankshaft are sufficient to rotatably mount the crank mechanism together with the electric motor. The further rolling bearing can be used in a capsuled in the basic form flat lid of the first half of the housing to the outside encapsulated. The flat lid does not significantly increase the outer geometric dimensions of the reciprocating compressor. At the same time the flat lid creates an easy to disassemble access to the interior of the crankcase. The second rolling bearing should also be in the first half of the housing passing cooling air flow.

Um die Kompaktheit zu maximieren, wird vorgeschlagen, den Rotor des Elektromotors direkt an einem in die zweite Gehäusehälfte hineinragenden Ende der Kurbelwelle anzubringen. Diese Anbringung kann über einen konischen Flansch mit stirnseitiger Verschraubung erfolgen. Daneben ist es jedoch auch denkbar, Kurbelwelle und Rotor einstückig auszubilden. Dies macht insbesondere dann Sinn, wenn der Elektromotor nach Art eines bürstenlosen Elektromotors ausgeführt ist, dessen Rotor lediglich mit Permanentmagneten zu bestücken ist. Demgegenüber ist der Stator mit elektrischen Spulenwicklungen versehen.In order to maximize the compactness, it is proposed to attach the rotor of the electric motor directly to an end of the crankshaft projecting into the second housing half. This attachment can be done via a conical flange with frontal screw. In addition, however, it is also conceivable to form the crankshaft and rotor in one piece. This makes sense especially when the electric motor is designed in the manner of a brushless electric motor whose rotor is to be equipped only with permanent magnets. In contrast, the stator is provided with electrical coil windings.

Die für einen derartigen hier vorzugsweise einzusetzenden bürstenlosen Elektromotors erforderliche Kommutierungselektronik lässt sich in einfacher Weise ebenfalls in die zweite Gehäusehälfte integrieren. Vorzugsweise sollte die Kommutierungselektronik auf einer flachbauenden Platine angeordnet sein, welche in den Bereich der Gehäusewandung angeordnet ist. Zur besseren Zugänglichkeit der Kommutierungselektronik kann diese mit einem anschraubbaren Deckel verschlossen sein. Die zweite Gehäusehälfte ist stirnseitig mit einem ebenfalls in der Grundform flachen Deckel verschlossen. Nach der Montage dieses Deckels ist der Innenbereich des Elektromotors für Wartungs- und Reparaturzwecke zugänglich.The commutation electronics required for such a brushless electric motor, which is preferably to be used here, can likewise be integrated into the second housing half in a simple manner. Preferably, the commutation electronics should be arranged on a flat-building board, which is arranged in the region of the housing wall. For better accessibility of the commutation this can be closed with a screw-on lid. The second housing half is closed at the front with a likewise flat in the basic form lid. After mounting this cover, the interior of the electric motor is accessible for maintenance and repair.

Das erfindungsgemäß ausgeführte integrierte Kompressorgehäuse weist im Bereich der ersten Gehäusehälfte ferner eine Öffnung zur lösbaren Anbringung eines vorzugsweise als separates Bauteil ausgeführten Zylinders auf. Durch die separate Ausbildung des Zylinders lässt sich das integrierte Kompressorgehäuse mit den beiden Gehäusehälften gusstechnisch in einfacher Weise vorzugsweise im Leichtmetallguss ausführen.The integrated compressor housing designed according to the invention also has, in the region of the first housing half, an opening for the detachable attachment of a cylinder, which is preferably designed as a separate component. Due to the separate design of the cylinder, the integrated compressor housing can be performed with the two housing halves casting technology in a simple manner, preferably in light metal casting.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind in dem Kolbenkompressor Einströmkanäle vorgesehen, deren Querschnitte so variieren, dass die einzelnen Baugruppen mit unterschiedlichen Kühlluftströmen durchströmt werden. Die einzelnen Baugruppen sind hierbei das Kurbelgehäuse, der Wicklungsraum des Elektromotors und die Kommutierungselektronik. Vorteilhaft ist hierbei, dass die entsprechenden Bereiche mit einer ausreichenden Menge an Kühlluft optimal versorgt werden.In a further development of the invention, inflow channels are provided in the piston compressor whose cross sections vary so that the individual assemblies are flowed through with different cooling air streams. The individual assemblies here are the crankcase, the winding space of the electric motor and the commutation electronics. The advantage here is that the corresponding areas are optimally supplied with a sufficient amount of cooling air.

Weitere, die Erfindung verbessernden Maßnahmen werden nachstehend gemeinsam mit der Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der Figur näher dargestellt.

Figur 1
zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen kompakten trockenlaufenden Kolbenkompressor mit Einströmkanälen.
Further measures improving the invention will be described in more detail below together with the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1
shows a longitudinal section through a compact dry-running piston compressor with inflow channels.

Gemäß Figur 1 weist der Kompressor einen einzige Zylinder 1 auf, in welchem ein Kolben 2 zum Komprimieren von aus der Umgebung über einen Zylinderdeckel 3 angesaugter Druckluft angeordnet ist. Die lineare Arbeitsbewegung für den Kolben 2 wird über einen Kurbeltrieb erzeugt, welcher im Wesentlichen aus Kurbelwelle 4 mit Pleuel 5 besteht. Die Kurbelwelle 4 ist über zwei Wälzlager 6a und 6b drehbar gegenüber dem Kompressorgehäuse 7 gelagert.According to FIG. 1 the compressor has a single cylinder 1, in which a piston 2 is arranged for compressing sucked from the environment via a cylinder cover 3 compressed air. The linear working movement for the piston 2 is generated by a crank mechanism, which consists essentially of crankshaft 4 with connecting rod 5. The crankshaft 4 is rotatably supported relative to the compressor housing 7 via two rolling bearings 6a and 6b.

Das Kompressorgehäuse 7 besteht aus einer ersten Gehäusehälfte 8, die das Kurbelgehäuse bildet und einer zweiten Gehäusehälfte 9, die einen Elektromotor 10 beherbergt.The compressor housing 7 consists of a first housing half 8, which forms the crankcase and a second housing half 9, which houses an electric motor 10.

Der Elektromotor 10 ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als bürstenloser Elektromotor ausgeführt und umfasst einen Stator 11 aus Spulenwicklungen mit Eisenkern, der mit einem Permanentmagneten bestückten Rotor 12 zusammenwirkt. Der Rotor 12 des Elektromotors 10 ist an einem in die zweite Gehäusehälfte 9 hineinragenden konischen Ende der Kurbelwelle 4 angeschraubt. Eine Kommutierungselektronik 13 des Elektromotors 10 ist in der Wandung der zweiten Gehäusehälfte 9 integriert. Zur platzsparenden Anordnung ist die Kommutierungselektronik 13 auf einer Platine untergebracht. Die zweite Gehäusehälfte 9 ist mit einem flachen Deckel 14 stirnseitig über einzelne Schrauben verschlossen. Auch die erste Gehäusehälfte 8 weist einen in der Grundform flachen Deckel 15 auf, der diese stirnseitig über Verschraubungen verschließt.The electric motor 10 is designed in this embodiment as a brushless electric motor and includes a stator 11 of coil windings with iron core, which cooperates with a rotor 12 equipped with permanent magnets. The rotor 12 of the electric motor 10 is screwed to a conical end of the crankshaft 4 projecting into the second housing half 9. A commutation electronics 13 of the electric motor 10 is integrated in the wall of the second housing half 9. For space-saving arrangement, the commutation electronics 13 is housed on a circuit board. The second housing half 9 is closed with a flat cover 14 frontally via individual screws. Also, the first housing half 8 has a flat in the basic form cover 15, which closes these frontally via screw.

Der Deckel 15 der ersten Gehäusehälfte 8 umfasst einen Sitz für das Wälzlager 6a der Kurbelwelle 4. Das andere Wälzlager 6b der Kurbelwelle 4 ist in einer Trennwand 16 des Kompressorgehäuses 8 platziert. Das Wälzlager 6b ist sowohl zur einseitigen Lagerung der Kurbelwelle 4 als auch zur Lagerung des Rotors 12 des Elektromotors 10 vorgesehen.The cover 15 of the first housing half 8 includes a seat for the rolling bearing 6a of the crankshaft 4. The other rolling bearing 6b of the crankshaft 4 is placed in a partition wall 16 of the compressor housing 8. The rolling bearing 6b is provided both for one-sided mounting of the crankshaft 4 and for supporting the rotor 12 of the electric motor 10.

Beide Wälzlager 6a und 6b liegen in einem die erste Gehäusehälfte 8 passierenden Kühlluftstrom. Der Kühlluftstrom gelangt ventilgesteuert über einen zylinderseitigen Kanal 17 aufgrund des Bewegungszyklus des Kurbeltriebs in das Innere der ersten Gehäusehälfte 8 und verlässt diese durch eine ventilbeschaltete Öffnung 18. Der Kühlluftstrom wird dabei derart durch die erste Gehäusehälfte 8 geleitet, dass beide Wälzlager 6a und 6b hierdurch gekühlt werden. Zur Umlenkung von Teilen des Kühlluftstroms der ersten Gehäusehälfte 8 in die zweite Gehäusehälfte 9 weist die Trennwand 16 ein Kranz von Öffnungen auf.Both rolling bearings 6a and 6b are in a first housing half 8 passing cooling air flow. The cooling air flow passes valve-controlled via a cylinder-side channel 17 due to the movement cycle of the crank mechanism in the interior of the first housing half 8 and leaves it through a valve-connected opening 18. The cooling air flow is thereby passed through the first housing half 8, that both bearings 6a and 6b cooled thereby become. For deflecting parts of the cooling air flow of the first housing half 8 in the second housing half 9, the partition wall 16 a ring of openings.

Weiterhin sind Einströmkanäle 20 vorgesehen, die über den Kanal 17 mit Luft versorgt werden. Diese Einströmkanäle befördern Kühlluft zu den einzelnen Bauteilen, wobei die Menge an Kühlluft durch die jeweiligen Querschnitte definiert wird. Das Strömen der Luft wird durch die Hohlpfeile in der Figur verdeutlicht.Furthermore, inflow channels 20 are provided, which are supplied via the channel 17 with air. These inflow passages convey cooling air to the individual components, the amount of cooling air being defined by the respective cross sections. The flow of air is illustrated by the hollow arrows in the figure.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Zylindercylinder
22
Kolbenpiston
33
Zylinderkopfcylinder head
44
Kurbelwellecrankshaft
55
Pleuelpleuel
66
WälzlagerRolling
77
Kompressorgehäusecompressor housing
88th
erste Gehäusehälftefirst half of the housing
99
zweite Gehäusehälftesecond housing half
1010
Elektromotorelectric motor
1111
Statorstator
1212
Rotorrotor
1313
Kommutierungselektronikcommutation
1414
Deckelcover
1515
Deckelcover
1616
Trennwandpartition wall
1717
Kanalchannel
1818
Öffnungopening
2020
Einströmkanäleinflow

Claims (9)

  1. Compact dry-running piston compressor with at least one cylinder (1) for compressing air by means of an associated piston (2), which can be moved by electric motor (10) by a crank drive consisting of a crankshaft (4) and a connecting rod (5), which is mounted to rotate in a compressor housing (7) with no oil bath by virtue of permanently lubricated roller bearings (6a, 6b), and as a result of the movement cycle produces a cooling flow inside the housing, wherein the compressor housing (7) has two housing halves (8, 9) separated by a partition wall (16) in order to accommodate the crank drive in the first housing half (8) and to accommodate the electric motor (10) in the second housing half (9), wherein a roller bearing (6b) common to both the crank drive and the electric motor (10) is inserted into the partition wall (16), wherein besides the roller bearing (6b) arranged in the partition wall (16) the crankshaft (4) is mounted to rotate, at its other end, by a further roller bearing (6a), and the rotor (12) of the electric motor (10) as well is held by the two roller bearings (6a, 6b) of the crankshaft (40,
    characterised in that as a result of its movement cycle the crank drive produces a cooling air flow inside the housing, which passes in a valve-controlled manner via a duct (17) on the cylinder side into the first housing half (8) and emerges from it through a valve-switched opening (18), wherein the common roller bearing (6b) lies in the path of the cooling air stream passing through the first housing half (8), which air stream flows in through a plurality of inflow ducts (20) arranged in the compressor housing (7), the cross-section of the said ducts varying in such manner that different cooling air flows pass through the individual assemblies, namely the crankcase, the winding space of the electric motor (10) and the commutating electronics circuit.
  2. Compact dry-running piston compressor according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the winding head of the electric motor (10) on the drive output side, which is accommodated in the second housing half (9), is cooled by the roller bearing (6b) that lies in the path of the cooling air stream and by the heat conduction through the partition wall (16).
  3. Compact dry-running piston compressor according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the further roller bearing (6a), which is encapsulated relative to the outside, is held in a cover (15) of the first housing half (8), whose shape is basically flat.
  4. Compact dry-running piston compressor according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the further roller bearing (6a) also lies in the path of the cooling air stream passing through the first housing half (8).
  5. Compact dry-running piston compressor according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the rotor (12) of the electric motor (10) is attached on an end of the crankshaft (4) that projects into the second housing half (9).
  6. Compact dry-running piston compressor according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the electric motor (10) is in the form of a brushless direct-current motor whose stator (11) consists of coil windings with an iron core and whose rotor (12) is fitted with permanent magnets.
  7. Compact dry-running piston compressor according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that a commutation electronics circuit (13) of the electric motor (10) is arranged on a printed circuit board accommodated in the second housing half (9).
  8. Compact dry-running piston compressor according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the second housing half (9) is closed at its end by a cover (14) whose shape is basically flat.
  9. Compact dry-running piston compressor,
    characterised in that the first housing half (8) has an opening for the detachable fixing of the cylinder (1), which is made as a separate component.
EP08785677.9A 2007-09-06 2008-08-22 Compact dry-running piston compressor Not-in-force EP2185820B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007042318.9A DE102007042318B4 (en) 2007-09-06 2007-09-06 Compact dry running piston compressor
PCT/EP2008/006916 WO2009033556A1 (en) 2007-09-06 2008-08-22 Compact dry-running piston compressor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2185820A1 EP2185820A1 (en) 2010-05-19
EP2185820B1 true EP2185820B1 (en) 2019-04-10

Family

ID=40039675

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08785677.9A Not-in-force EP2185820B1 (en) 2007-09-06 2008-08-22 Compact dry-running piston compressor

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US20100221128A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2185820B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101796297B (en)
BR (1) BRPI0816383B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102007042318B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2009033556A1 (en)

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DE102007042318B4 (en) 2017-11-30
BRPI0816383A2 (en) 2015-03-03
BRPI0816383B1 (en) 2019-10-08
WO2009033556A1 (en) 2009-03-19
CN101796297B (en) 2012-02-01
US20100221128A1 (en) 2010-09-02
DE102007042318A1 (en) 2009-03-12
CN101796297A (en) 2010-08-04
EP2185820A1 (en) 2010-05-19

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