EP2184420A2 - Wall cladding element - Google Patents

Abstract

The wall covering element (1) comprises a carrier plate (2) which is made of a material, and an insulating board (3) which is fastened, particularly affixed on a side of the carrier plate. The insulating board is partially made of another material. A coating, particularly a plaster layer (4), is affixed on the other side of the carrier plate.

Description

The invention relates to a wall cladding element, in particular for covering or bordering a soffit or a soffit edge.

Thermal insulation plays an important role in the construction, extension or renovation of buildings. For this purpose, in particular in the field of external masonry large-scale insulation boards, usually made of foamed polystyrene, glued over a large area. In the field of door reveals or window reveals, so in the area narrow wall incisions respectively the wall edges, it is necessary to laboriously cut the polystyrene plates manually first and piece and stuck in the soffit, which is relatively expensive. Especially with higher or wider soffits, it is necessary to cut several pieces and set. The use of long insulating boards is often eliminated because they are often unstable due to their dimensions (width 10 - 30 cm, thickness 15 - 30 mm with a length of 2 m or more), and therefore very easy to break during handling or when applying can. If panels are used for revealing paneling to avoid a separate plastering operation, which have a factory plaster coating, so here too show the use of high-quality panel materials, which have a lower coefficient of thermal conductivity than polystyrene, such as PU foam problems, as these "bowl" due to the plaster coating Thus, it therefore comes to a plate deformation or curvature when the element has a certain length. Also, despite coating still stability problems due to the dimensions are given. Some high-quality materials such as Bakelite ^® (phenol-formaldehyde resin) foam can not be coated directly because they are too porous and crumble. The use of high-quality materials, which have better insulating properties compared with the polystyrene commonly used, is therefore not possible, in particular in the area of the reveal lining.

The invention is therefore based on the problem of specifying a wall cladding element, in particular for the reveal area, which has a sufficient stability with improved insulating properties and, as a result, can be processed in an improved manner.

To solve this problem, a wall cladding element is provided, which is used in particular for covering or bordering a soffit or a soffit edge, but in principle could also be used for large wall cladding, comprising a support plate made of a first material and one attached to one side of the support plate, in particular glued insulating panel at least partially consisting of a second material having a coefficient of thermal conductivity λ ≤ 0.028W / K · m, as well as a applied on the other side of the support plate coating, in particular a plaster layer.

According to the invention two different plates are connected to form a kind of sandwich element, wherein the one plate is a carrier plate made of a first material, while the other plate is an insulating plate made of a second material. The support plate serves primarily to stabilize the composite, it gives the cladding element the necessary rigidity, which would not necessarily have the insulation board itself, which provides the essential part of the insulating properties of the element. Due to the resulting stability, the element can be processed much easier, since the risk of breaking is significantly lower. Also, the problems described in the case of a factory applied plaster layer, which is applied to the carrier plate, no longer exist, since the carrier plate gives this composite sufficient stability that prevents deformation despite applying a plaster layer. Even with a plaster layer, it is easily possible to produce cladding elements with a length of 2.5 m and more, without these would sag significantly. Such a wall cladding element according to the invention thus consists of three separate layers, namely on the one hand, the outer plaster layer, followed by the support plate on which in turn the insulation board is glued. This wall cladding element requires no further processing more, it is only to cut in length and adapt to the reveal height or width and fix. Overall, this results in a very stable structure, the element is not prone to deformation or sagging, as it is very stable and stiff by the support plate and in conjunction with the plaster layer. At the same time, the integration of the carrier plate offers the possibility of even applying a plaster layer, which would not be possible on one or the other type of insulating board. This allows the production of prefabricated elements with insulation boards, which previously could not be used at all partly or could not be produced as a prefabricated element, ie with factory applied plaster layer. In addition to insulation panels made of Bakelite ^® foam (phenol formaldehyde resin), for example, can also vacuum plates defining from an inner core layer, which is surrounded by a high density film and an evacuated volume, have, and can not be directly coated with plaster, is used. Because the serving as a stabilizer and at the same time as a plaster carrier layer decouples quasi the vacuum plate (or other not directly coatable insulation board) of the plaster layer.

The wall cladding element according to the invention is further characterized by the fact that the second material from which the insulation board is either completely, or which forms the essential part of the insulation board (this is for example designed as a sandwich or composite plate, in which between two Dämmmateriallage eg a film (Metal or plastic film, eg as a vapor barrier) is inserted) has a heat transfer coefficient λ ≤ 0.028 W / Km. The heat conduction coefficient (= specific thermal conductivity) is a material property that indicates the insulation quality of the material or the insulating element. The insulating materials used according to the invention, which as indicated have a λ-value ≤ 0.028 W / K · m are compared to conventional polystyrene much higher insulation, so offer better insulation properties. The sandwich construction according to the invention now makes it possible to use insulation materials of this type which, for the reasons described at the outset, have not yet been able to be used elsewhere, in particular in the reveal area, but also elsewhere. Because as a result of the connection of the insulation board with the support plate is already a good stiffening of the composite reaches, through the applied, cured plaster layer is further improved. This results in a very stable composite structure, which makes the use of such high-insulating materials possible. Also, it is possible due to the "interposition" of the support plate to use even those materials that can not be plastered due to their material properties, such as Bakelite ^® foam. Because the support plate serves on the one hand as a mechanical protection for the possibly unstable, porous or slightly crumbly insulation board, to change it serves as a plaster base to which the plaster readily adheres. This means that the wall cladding element according to the invention can not only be configured sufficiently large and still very stable, easy to handle and process, but that the wall cladding element also offers excellent insulation properties, as due to the combination of support plate and insulation board and such insulation boards can be used, the hitherto unsuitable for such use or very cumbersome to handle.

The heat conduction coefficient of the insulation board in the invention may also be λ ≦ 0.026 W / K · m, in particular λ ≦ 0.024 W / K · m, and preferably λ ≦ 0.022 W / K · m. The support plate, which primarily has a stiffening, stabilizing and plaster-carrying function, has a higher conductivity than the actual insulation board. Of course, the carrier plate also has a certain insulating effect, depending on which material it is made of. For example, it is easily conceivable to use a thin foamed polystyrene support plate onto which a thicker foamed polyurethane or bakelite insulation panel is placed. However, the polystyrene support plate is an insulating function, but their thermal conductivity is significantly higher than that of polyurethane and in particular the Bakelite ^® foam, the insulation board with regard to their much better insulation function can also be designed to be stronger than the support plate, as described primarily for stabilization and serves as a plaster base. For this reason, it is also particularly useful if the support plate is made of a material that is more rigid than the material of the insulation board, that is, that the support plate is ultimately stiffer than the insulation board. Overall, the carrier plate is preferably designed such that it is as thin as possible, but at the same time very stiff, on the one hand to give the composite element the sufficient stability, and on the other hand to influence the total thickness of the composite element only to a small extent. Thus, the actual insulation board can be dimensioned sufficiently thick after this plays the major role in the Dämmfunktion.

In a further development it can be provided that one of the plates has on one or both sides or integrated a foil, in particular a metal or plastic foil, this applies primarily to the insulating plate. Such a film coating or integrated film, e.g. Metal foil, can be integrated as a barrier or barrier layer in the composite. However, this film or metal foil, if provided on the outside, is not assignable with a plaster layer, for example. However, as provided according to the invention on this side of the sheet insulation board, the support plate is embedded and integrated on the one hand, on the other hand, the plaster layer on the support plate, such as a polystyrene plate or a wood fiber board or the like, are raised, resulting in the use of pure insulation board would not be possible.

• Kunststoffschaumplatten, insbesondere aus PU (Polyurethan) oder PF (Phenol-Formaldehydharz, Handelsname z.B. Bakelit^®), Vakuumplatten, während die Trägerplatte gewählt sein kann aus:
  • Kunststoffschaumplatten, insbesondere aus PU (Polyurethan) oder PS (Polystyrol)
  • anorganische Platten, insbesondere aus Mineralwolle wie Steinwolle oder Glaswolle, Schaumglas, Blähton, Blähkalk, Gipskarton,
  • organische Platten, insbesondere aus Holz oder Holzwolle, Kork, Fasern aus Kokos, Hanf, Flachs oder Zellulose.

As plates or plate materials, from which the insulation board are selected, offer:

• Plastic foam boards, in particular of PU (polyurethane) or PF (phenol-formaldehyde resin, trade name eg Bakelite ^® ), vacuum plates, while the support plate may be selected from:
  • Plastic foam panels, in particular of PU (polyurethane) or PS (polystyrene)
  • inorganic plates, in particular of mineral wool, such as rock wool or glass wool, foam glass, expanded clay, expanded lime, plasterboard,
  • organic plates, in particular of wood or wood wool, cork, fibers of coconut, hemp, flax or cellulose.

Any combination of materials can be selected from these various plates or plate materials, wherein, as described, particular care must be taken to make the carrier plate as stiff as possible and as thin as possible. It would be conceivable, for example, a carrier plate made of PS and an insulating panel made of PU or PF or a vacuum plate, a support plate made of wood or wood chips or wood wool and an insulating panel made of PU or PF, a support plate made of mineral wool and an insulating panel made of PU or PF, or a support plate Wood shavings or wood wool and an insulating board made of PU or PF. This list is only exemplary and by no means exhaustive.

The thickness of the support plate should be between 5 - 40 mm, the thickness of the insulation board between 10 - 100 mm and the thickness of the provided plaster layer between 1 - 6 mm. The respective layer thickness, in particular the support plate and the insulation board, is to be chosen so that the desired heat transfer coefficient is achieved. A conventional plaster thickness is for example about 3 mm, the layer thickness of a support plate made of polystyrene, for example, 7 mm and the layer thickness of an applied thereon insulating board of polyurethane, for example, 20 mm. These too are merely exemplary values. The better the insulating properties of the insulating board, the thinner the composite element can be designed to set a defined insulating effect.

In order to connect the wall cladding element according to the invention in a simple manner to an angled thereto extending wall surface, provides an expedient development of the invention, that at an edge of an element preferably protruding from the composite of the support plate and the insulating board at an angle Einputzelement that for connection with a coating adjoining the element-side coating, in particular a plaster, is provided. The plaster element is embedded in the plaster layer of the adjoining wall surface, so that there is a solid, stable connection between this plaster layer and the wall covering element respectively the plaster layer, which may be applied either from house or is only raised on site, results. The angle at which the plaster element protrudes from the plate composite or relative to the end face of the element one, should be ≤ 90 °, that is, that the Einputzelement extends to the adjacent wall, so to speak virtually runs in this.

The plaster element itself is expediently formed by an angle strip, which is received with its first leg between the two plates or is received in a groove of the support or insulation board or which is embedded in the optionally provided, already applied coating. The second leg is thus free respectively extends in the direction of the subsequent wall surface. The second leg can be made relatively long and protrude beyond the exposed side of the insulation board, or end in front of the exposed side of the insulation board, so be shorter than the wall covering element is thick. In particular, in this case, it is expedient if a fabric to be embedded in the coating is provided on the second leg, for example a plaster fabric of plastic or the like. About this tissue, which may be glued to the second leg, for example, a secure bond to the plaster layer of the adjoining wall surface is ensured. Of course, such Einputzgewebe also on a second leg, which is significantly longer than the plate composite is thick, can be provided. In addition, this angle strip also has a function which further improves the stability of the composite element, in particular if the angle strip is a metal strip. Because the bar extends laterally over the length of the element and thus acts inevitably stiffening.

The plaster element itself can also form the wall edge between the soffit to be clad with the wall cladding element and the adjoining wall surface in training. If, for example, an angle strip made of metal is used, then it can even form the visible side, ie it is free in any case on the edge side. The wall surface side applied plaster layer can be deducted on this plaster element, this then serves as Putzabzugskante.

In a further development of the invention can finally be provided on one, optionally the second, opposite element edge, to provide a profile strip for producing a connection to a third object, in particular a door or window frame or a roller blind rail. Will the wall cladding element used as a reveal lining, so a tight end or transition between the cladding element and a subsequent door or window frame or a roller blind rail is to create. For this purpose, usually moldings, also called reveal connection strips used. These are characterized by the fact that they can usually be glued over an adhesive surface on the frame or on the rail and have, for example, elastic webs or the like a certain inherent elasticity, on the corresponding masonry movements, etc., to a change in position between frame / rail and the Layer of plaster, in which the bar is embedded, lead, can be compensated. The strip itself is as described firmly integrated into the wall cladding element respectively embedded in the optionally provided plaster layer over a corresponding longitudinal ridge. Over this bar, an excellent connection to the frame / rail can be accomplished.

Are now both on one side the plaster element, which preferably also equal to the edge respectively deduction edge, and on the other side the profiled strip, so the soffit connection bar, integrated, so is a finished wall cladding element available to use only in the soffit and To glue it in as well as the profile strip on the frame / rail create, so it is to stick, about which the complete reveal lining is accomplished. Only the plaster element on the other side is still einzuputzen, but anyway when plastering the subsequent wall surface.

For fixing the profile strip on the wall cladding element, this can be added to a mounting portion between the two carrier plates or received in a groove of the carrier or the insulating board, wherein this is done by gluing. It would also be conceivable to embed the attachment section in the optionally factory-provided coating.

An alternative to the factory-installed or attached profile strip provides, at one, possibly the second, element edge a groove between provide the two plates or in the support or the insulating board, which serves to accommodate a production of a connection to a third object such as the door or window frame or the roller rail serving profile strip. This prefabricated groove is used to fix the profile strip, which is only used on site. This makes it possible to saw off the wall cladding element, should its width be too large, in the region of this edge, wherein the groove depth is such that at a shortening by a few mm or cm still a sufficient groove depth remains, in which the profile strip with its attachment portion can be glued, which then takes place as I said on site.

Fig. 1

eine Perspektivansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandverkleidungselements einer ersten Ausführungsform,

Fig. 2

ein Montagebeispiel eines solchen Wandverkleidungselements im Bereich einer Laibung,

Fig. 3

eine Schnittansicht durch ein Wandverkleidungselement einer zweiten Ausführungsform, und

Fig. 4

eine Schnittansicht durch ein Wandverkleidungselement einer dritten Ausführungsform.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment described below and with reference to the drawings. Showing:

Fig. 1

1 is a perspective view of a wall cladding element according to the invention of a first embodiment,

Fig. 2

an installation example of such a wall cladding element in the region of a soffit,

Fig. 3

a sectional view through a wall cladding element of a second embodiment, and

Fig. 4

a sectional view through a wall covering element of a third embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows an inventive wall cladding element 1 consisting of a support plate 2, on one side of an insulation board 3 is glued. In the example shown, the support plate 2 made of polystyrene, while the insulation board 3 is made of polyurethane, so it is in each case to foamed panels.

The support plate 2 is covered on its other side with a plaster layer 4, which is also applied at the factory and forms the visible side of the wall covering element 1. In the area of in Fig. 1 Left shown element edge is a plaster element 5 is provided in the form of an angle bar 6, one leg 7 is used in the example shown in the support plate 2, for which purpose advantageously already a groove is provided in the production side, in which the leg 7 is glued. The second leg 8 extends along the edge of the element and extends along the edge of the insulation board 3, preferably it runs parallel to this or tilts towards it. In the example shown, a fabric 9 is fastened to this leg, preferably also glued, for example a plastic fabric. This fabric is, as will be discussed below, embedded in the adjacent plaster layer. As shown in dashed lines, the introduction of a further groove 10 is possible in the region of the opposite element edge, which serves to receive a fastening portion of a profile strip, which serves to produce a connection to an adjacent component. Either can be used in this factory already the attachment portion of the profile strip, but it is also conceivable to use this only on site, so paste there. While in Fig. 1 the two grooves that serve to receive the leg 7 of the plaster element 5 respectively for receiving the mounting portion of the profile strip, are introduced into the support plate 2, it is of course also conceivable to provide them either in the insulation board 3, or the corresponding mounting leg or sections to embed in the plaster layer 4.

As already described, the two plates 2, 3 are different materials. The support plate 2 is here preferably a polystyrene plate, while the insulation board 3 is preferably a polyurethane plate here. The plaster layer can be any desired plaster layer, as it is used in particular in the field of exterior plastering. The support plate 3 has primarily stabilizing or stiffening function, it also serves as a plaster base. It is preferably more rigid than the insulation board 3, or may consist of a material that is more rigid than the insulation board material. It is also clearly thinner than the insulation board 3, wherein the insulation board in the entire Composite plays the central insulating function, it provides the essential contribution to the adjustment of the heat transfer coefficient. The support plate 2 has a higher thermal conductivity than the insulation board 3. The thicknesses of the plates are chosen such that, on the one hand, the desired stiffness relative to the length of the prefabricated wall cladding element (this can be, for example, 2.5 m or longer) is achieved, and, on the other hand, the desired heat transfer coefficient. When designing it is also to be considered that the total thickness of the wall cladding element, including the factory pre-made plaster layer, reaches the required value. Because when disguising a soffit is not always enough space to integrate an arbitrarily thick wall paneling element. For example, the thickness of the plaster layer is 3 mm, that of the support plate 7 mm and the insulation board 20 mm, these being merely exemplary values. Basically, the plaster thickness between 1 - 6 mm, the support plate thickness should be between 5 - 40 mm and the Dämmplattendicke between 10 - 100 mm, with the specific thickness of course also varies depending on the plate materials used and in particular their insulating properties.

Fig. 2 shows an installation example of the wall covering element 1 Fig. 1 , Shown is a wall, here an outer wall 11, to which a frame 12 connects. The given soffit 13 is covered with the wall cladding element 1, which is fixed to the masonry 11 via a suitable adhesive layer 14, for example PU foam or adhesive mortar or the like. On the side facing the frame 12, a profile strip 15, here a soffit connection strip, arranged, which was glued for example in place in the groove 10 with its attachment portion, which is not shown here in detail. About a strip-side adhesive layer 16, the profile strip 15 is glued to the frame 12, the seal is made on a strip side provided sealing portion 17th

The opposite element edge has as in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 described the plaster element 5. As can be seen, the fabric 9 extends along respectively in the direction of the wall surface 18 to be plastered, which is already covered with a plaster layer 19, in which plaster layer 19 the fabric 9 is plastered. The plaster layer 19 is drawn to the plaster layer 4 of the wall cladding element, so that there is a complete, clean plaster finish in the edge region.

Fig. 3 shows a further inventive wall cladding element 1, wherein the same reference numerals are used for the same components. Again, there is again a thinner support plate 2, for example a polystyrene plate or a wood fiber or wood wool board (eg also an MDF board (MDF = medium-density fiberboard)), and a thicker insulation board 3, for example, a phenol-formaldehyde resin foam insulation board (trade name : Bakelite ^® ), provided, here also the support plate 2 is occupied by a house with a plaster coating 4. In the example shown, in turn, a plaster element 5 is provided, but here as a metal angle strip (in Fig. 1 is the plaster element, for example, a plastic strip) is formed. This is embedded with its first leg 7 in the example shown in the plaster layer 4, it also has an edge 20, which is the wall edge and at the same time a plaster removal edge for an adjoining, shown here only dashed plaster layer 19. The second leg 8 extends here at an angle to the element edge, so it approaches the side edge of the insulation board 3 at. Dashed here is the possibility shown, also on this leg 8 to attach a fabric 9, which is optional, but does not have to be present. It would of course be equally conceivable to make the second leg 8 significantly longer and to protrude beyond the free side of the insulation board 3.

On the opposite side of the profile strip 15 is provided here integrated, which is glued over its mounting portion 21, here a projecting web, in the not shown here groove 10. The web is part of a profile body 22 of the profile strip 15, which has on its underside next to a stabilizing plastic strip 23 a foam adhesive tape 24, the underside of which carries an adhesive layer 25 over which the profile strip 15, as in Fig. 2 shown glued to the frame 12. Shown is also the sealing portion 17 which sealingly rests against the frame and is prevented by the fact that water can penetrate into this area behind the profile strip 15. The design of the profile strip 15 is only By way of example, the strip may be of a wide variety of forms and types, as long as it offers in particular a good, tight transition of the lining element 1 to the adjacent frame or the like. Dashed is also shown as an alternative to the first groove, a second groove 10 which extends relatively far into the insulation board material. In this groove, the attachment portion 21 of the bar 15 is used only during processing on site. The depth of the groove 10 offers the possibility of shortening the wall cladding element 1 somewhat from this side should the soffit 13 be narrower than the wall cladding element 1 is wide. Nevertheless, still remains a sufficient groove depth, which allows insertion of the mounting portion 21 of the profile strip 15. It should be noted that it is of course also possible to form the deep groove in the carrier plate or in the interface region between the two plates 2, 3.

Fig. 4 Finally shows another inventive wall cladding element 1 with support plate 2 and insulation board 3, wherein here the insulation panel 3 is shown as a vacuum plate by way of example (by way of example, the inner core structure or the core material and the surrounding high-density film, which limits the evacuated volume, shown). The carrier plate 2 may be, for example, a polystyrene plate, but it would also be conceivable to use an embodiment as a PU foam plate or as a mineral foam plate or the like.

Again, a plaster layer 4 is prefabricated on the support plate factory prefabricated. Shown here is further exemplified the Einputzelement 5, which is used here with his leg 7 in the support plate 3, as well as the fabric 9, which in turn is only optional. Furthermore, the groove 10 is shown, which is milled in the factory and in which the attachment portion 21 of the profile strip 15 can be used. The width of a wall cladding element according to the invention whichever embodiment is z. B. 15 cm or more, the length z. B. 150 cm or more.

In the following, the particular advantage of the element design according to the invention and the inventive enabling of the use of high-quality insulating materials in a prefabricated and immediately ready-to-use element becomes clear on the basis of a few examples of identical, but differently composed wall or reveal lining elements. "Bakelite" in the following abbreviated to a phenol-formaldehyde resin, which is known by the name "Bakelite".

Comparative Example 1

• Element 1: Polystyrolplatte - Putzschicht (= Stand der Technik)
• Element 2: Polyurethan-Dämmplatte (Hartschaum) - Polystyrol-Trägerplatte - Putzschicht
• Element 3: Bakelit^®-Schaum-Dämmplatte - Polystyrol-Trägerplatte - Putzschicht
• Element 4: Vakuumplatte (Dämmplatte) - Polystyrol-Trägerplatte - Putzschicht

In Comparative Example 1, four different elements are compared with the following construction on the basis of the calculated U value, namely:

• Element 1 : polystyrene plate - plaster layer (= prior art)
• Element 2 : polyurethane insulation board (rigid foam) - polystyrene support plate - plaster layer
• Element 3 : Bakelit ^® foam insulation board - polystyrene base plate - plaster layer
• Element 4 : Vacuum plate (insulation board) - polystyrene support plate - plaster layer

mit:

• U = Wärmedurchgangskoeffizient in W/m²·K
• Rse = äußerer Wärmeübergangswiderstand in m²·K/W
• d1 = Schichdicke der ersten Schicht in m
• λ1 = spezifische Wärmeleitfähigkeit der ersten Schicht in W/m.K
• d2...n = Schichtdicke der zweiten ... n-ten Schicht in m
• λ2...n = spezifische Wärmeleitfähigkeit der zweiten ... n-ten Schicht in W/m.K
• Rsi = innerer Wärmeübergangskoeffizient in W/m²·K

The U-value is calculated as follows: $$U=\frac{1}{\mathit{rse}+\frac{d1}{\lambda 1}+\frac{d2}{\lambda 2}+...+\frac{\mathit{dn}}{\mathit{.lambda..sub.n}}+\mathit{Rsi}}$$

With:

• U = heat transfer coefficient in W / m ² · K
• Rse = external heat transfer resistance in m ² · K / W
• d1 = thickness of the first layer in m
• λ1 = specific thermal conductivity of the first layer in W / mK
• d2 ... n = layer thickness of the second ... nth layer in m
• λ2 ... n = specific thermal conductivity of the second ... nth layer in W / mK
• Rsi = internal heat transfer coefficient in W / m ² · K

The following parameters apply:

• For all calculations:
• Rse = 0.04 m ² · K / W (transition plaster layer - air)
• Rsi = 0.13 m ² · K / W (transition insulation board - masonry)
• Otherwise apply:

Element 1:

layer d (mm) λ (W / m · K) Polystyol insulation board 22 0,035 Rendering 3 0,520

Element 2:

layer d (mm) λ (W / m · K) Polyurethane insulation board 12 0.028 Polystyol carrier plate 10 0,035 Rendering 3 0,520

Element 3:

layer d (mm) λ (W / m · K) Bakelit ^® foam insulation board 12 0,022 Polystyol carrier plate 10 0,035 Rendering 3 0,520

Element 4:

layer d (mm) λ (W / m · K) vacuum plate 12 0.005 Polystyol carrier plate 10 0,035 Rendering 3 0,520

The following U-values result: Element 1 U = 1.243 W / m · K Element 2 U = 1.144 W / m · K Element 3 U = 0.993 W / m · K Element 4 U = 0.349 W / m · K

Apparently, the cladding elements 2 - 4 according to the invention show significantly better U-values, thus significantly better insulating than the prior art element 1. This is due to the possible use of the different insulating materials of the elements 2-4 in the form of the first possible by the invention factory prefabricated or prefabricated cladding element due. In particular, when using a PU insulating board and especially when using a high-damping vacuum plate, the first ever by the invention can also be usefully used by the processability, resulting in excellent U-values. It follows further that can be produced using the now "technically and processing wise usefully usable" new "materials prefabricated cladding elements in a thickness that is substantially lower than comparable elements of the U-value forth according to the known type of element 1. Thus Even soffits are lined highly insulating, which can be disguised so far only due to the limited space with significantly poorer insulating elements according to the prior art. Due to the stability of the elements, a simple and safe handling and processing is possible.

Comparative Example 2:

Here, three elements are compared with each other in the U-value, which correspond in structure to the elements 1-3, the total thickness of 40 mm is significantly greater than in Comparative Example 1. The thickness of the respective plaster layer and the carrier plate used in each case corresponds to that of Comparative Example 1, only the thickness of the respective insulation board was varied. However, no vacuum plate was used because such thick vacuum plates do not exist. The calculation was again based on the formula given above. The elements were constructed as follows:

Element 1:

layer d (mm) λ (W / m · K) Polystyol insulation board 37 0,035 Rendering 3 0,520

Element 2:

layer d (mm) λ (W / m · K) Polyurethane insulation board 27 0.028 Polystyol carrier plate 10 0,035 Rendering 3 0,520

Element 3:

layer d (mm) λ (W / m · K) Bakelit ^® foam insulation board 27 0,022 Polystyol carrier plate 10 0,035 Rendering 3 0,520

The following U-values result: Element 1 U = 0.811 W / m · K Element 2 U = 0.701 W / m · K Element 3 U = 0.592 W / mK

The result corresponds to that of Comparative Example 1. Here, too, the cladding elements produced according to the invention show significantly better U-values than the element 1 corresponding to the prior art.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown. There may be different plate combinations with respect to the plate materials used be used, as already stated in the introduction. Also, different configurations of plaster elements as well as moldings can be used, which ultimately also applies to the optional application of the outer layer of plaster.

Claims (16)

Wall cladding element, in particular for covering or bordering a soffit or a soffit edge, comprising a carrier plate (2) made of a first material and an insulating plate (3) fastened on one side of the carrier plate (2), at least partially consisting of a second material, which has a heat conduction coefficient λ ≤ 0.028W / K · m, as well as a coating applied on the other side of the carrier plate (2), in particular a plaster layer (4). Wall cladding element according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat conduction coefficient of the insulation board λ ≤ 0.026W / K · m, in particular λ ≤ 0.024W / K · m, preferably λ ≤ 0.022W / K · m. Wall cladding element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support plate (2) has a higher thermal conductivity than the insulation board (3). Wall cladding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier plate (2) is more rigid than the insulation board (3). Wall covering element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier plate (2) is thinner than the insulating plate (3). Wall cladding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the plates (2, 3) has on one or both sides or integrated a metal foil coating. Wall cladding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation board (3) is selected from: Plastic foam boards, in particular PU or PF, - vacuum plates,
and that the carrier plate (2) is selected from: Plastic foam boards, in particular PS or PU, - inorganic plates, in particular of mineral wool, such as rock wool or glass wool, foam glass, expanded clay or quicklime, plasterboard, - Organic plates, in particular of wood or wood wool, cork, fibers of coconut, hemp, flax or cellulose. Wall cladding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the support plate (2) between 5 - 40 mm, the thickness of the insulating board (3) between 10 - 100 mm and the thickness of the optionally provided plaster layer (4) between 1-6 mm. Wall cladding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at a element edge, a plaster element (5), which serves for connection to a coating adjoining the element-side coating, in particular a plaster, is provided. Wall cladding element according to claim 9, characterized in that the plaster element (5) is formed by an angle strip, which is received with its first leg (7) between the two plates (2, 3) or in a groove of the carrier or insulating board (2, 3) is received or in the optionally provided coating (4) is embedded. Wall cladding element according to claim 10, characterized in that the second leg (8) protrudes beyond the exposed side of the insulation board (3), or ends in front of the exposed side. Wall cladding element according to claim 11, characterized in that on the second leg (8) is provided a to be embedded in the coating fabric (9). Wall cladding element according to one of the claims, characterized in that the plaster element (5) forms the wall edge and serves as plaster removal edge. Wall cladding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on one, optionally the second, element edge a profile strip (15) for producing a connection to a third object, in particular a door or window frame or a roller blind rail is provided. Wall cladding element according to claim 14, characterized in that the profile strip (15) with a fixing portion (21) between the two plates (2, 3) is received or in a groove of the support or insulation board (2, 3) is received or in the optionally provided coating (4) is embedded. Wall cladding element according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that provided on one, optionally the second, element edge, a groove (10) between the two plates (2, 3), or in the carrier or the insulating board (2, 3) is that serves to accommodate one of the preparation of a connection to a third object, in particular a door or window frame or a roller rail serving profile strip.

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