EP2176839B1 - Method for operating a tachograph and tachograph - Google Patents
Method for operating a tachograph and tachograph Download PDFInfo
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- EP2176839B1 EP2176839B1 EP08774356.3A EP08774356A EP2176839B1 EP 2176839 B1 EP2176839 B1 EP 2176839B1 EP 08774356 A EP08774356 A EP 08774356A EP 2176839 B1 EP2176839 B1 EP 2176839B1
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- tachograph
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
- G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
- G07C5/008—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles communicating information to a remotely located station
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a tachograph and a tachograph.
- a monitoring device for a road vehicle and an electronic system having such a monitoring device.
- the monitoring device comprises means for identifying the vehicle to be monitored, means for generating information representing use of the vehicle, means for acquiring information representing a technical function to be checked, means for recording information, means for processing the recorded information and means for providing results of the processing of the recorded information.
- the monitoring device has a memory which is connectable to an operation center, and has another memory into which the results of the processing of the recorded information are written.
- an aircraft operation data transmission and retrieval system that includes a flight recorder that receives from sensors in the aircraft Aircraft operational data stores.
- the aircraft operational data is transmitted by the flight recorder to a processor / modem that formats it.
- the processor Once the aircraft operational data is processed by the processor, it is transmitted to one or more wireless transmitters that transmit it. Formatting may involve data compression or insertion of error correction codes.
- Either a ground-based receiver or a satellite receiver receives the transmitted data.
- a method and system for managing a land-based vehicle are disclosed.
- At least one usage-related parameter of the vehicle is detected by means of in-vehicle sensors.
- a transfer process allows transfer of data relating to the parameter to the database.
- a processing operation allows the transmitted data to be processed in comparison to predetermined data for determining whether actual use of the vehicle is compliant with prescribed usage.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a tachograph and a tachograph, which enables a fast output of data.
- the invention is characterized by a method for operating a tachograph and by a corresponding tachograph.
- Detected data stored in a first storage area of the tachograph in a predetermined first data format are prepared according to a predetermined preparation rule.
- the processed data will be in a predetermined second data format, which differs from the predetermined first data format, stored in a second memory area of the tachograph.
- At least a part of the data previously stored in the second memory area becomes dependent on a request read from an external reading unit with respect to the tachograph.
- the at least one read part of the data previously stored in the second memory area is output while maintaining the predetermined second data format via a data interface of the tachograph.
- the processing of the acquired data and the storage of the processed data in the predetermined second data format takes place, in particular, independently of the request of the reading unit and is preferably already completely completed at the time the request is made.
- the acquired data are already available in the predetermined second data format required for the output and can thus be output particularly fast if these data are retrieved by the request.
- the output can thus be made without loss of time, which would otherwise result from the processing of the acquired data and for outputting in the second data format.
- the processing of the recorded data in accordance with the prescribed preparation rule comprises determining at least one cryptographic check value as a function of the acquired data.
- the cryptographic check value is determined as a signature.
- the advantage is that the data are so well protected against unauthorized manipulation and thus a particularly high level of security is possible.
- the second memory area is operated as a first ring memory. This has the advantage that always the most up-to-date data are processed and stored in the given second data format for fast output.
- the processing of the acquired data of a respective preceding day and the storage in the predetermined second data format in the second memory area are carried out after the detected day change.
- the advantage is that this makes the data of the respective completed day available for retrieval in the specified second data format. These can be read and output so quickly.
- the data in the second memory area is highly up-to-date.
- a tachograph DTCO comprises a computing unit RE and a memory SP ( FIG. 1 ). Furthermore, the tachograph DTCO has a chip card reading unit into which a chip card CK can be inserted. Such a chip card CK rejects, for example, a company that uses the tachograph DTCO in one of its vehicles, or rejects a driver who currently steers the vehicle. However, the chip card CK can also identify a workshop or a control body. Depending on the chip card CK, the access possibilities to data of the tachograph DTCO may be different. For example, garages and control bodies can be granted unlimited access rights. However, the access rights of companies to the data of the DTCO are restricted, for example, to the data of the respective company, so that access to the data of other companies is not possible.
- the data connection DV can be wired or wireless.
- the reading unit LE is arranged externally with respect to the tachograph DTCO.
- the arithmetic unit RE is provided, for example, for controlling functions of the tachograph DTCO. There may also be further arithmetic units for controlling functions of the tachograph DTCO be provided.
- the functions of the tachograph DTCO comprise data acquisition, tamper-proof storage of the acquired data, and outputting of the acquired data depending on a request A from the reading unit LE.
- the acquired data include, for example, driving data, for example a driving speed, or a change of the chip card CK or other data that are detected during the operation of the tachograph, for example error messages.
- the memory SP may comprise a single memory unit or two or more than two individual memory units, for example memory chips.
- a first memory area SPB1 is provided in the memory SP.
- the tachograph DTCO is designed to store the data acquired by it in a predetermined first data format DF1 in the first memory area SPB1.
- the predetermined first data format DF1 is predetermined, for example, by the manufacturer of the tachograph DTCO.
- the data acquired by the tachograph DTCO and stored in the first memory area SPB1 must be downloaded and archived at predetermined time intervals, for example approximately every three months. Furthermore, the downloading of data may also be required in vehicle inspections carried out by control bodies.
- the reading unit LE is coupled to the tachograph DTCO.
- a transmission protocol to be used for transmitting the data is prescribed, for example, by EU Regulation VO (EEC) No. 3821/85 Annex IB and Appendix 7.
- EU Regulation VO EEC
- a maximum transfer rate of 115200 bits per second is provided. As a result, it takes about 90 days to transfer the acquired data, whose data sets each have a size GR of about 1774 bytes on average, about 15.4 seconds.
- the reading unit LE according to the aforementioned EU Regulation requires that the processed data in a predetermined second data format DF2 be output from the tachograph DTCO and transmitted to the reading unit LE.
- the predetermined second data format DF2 is preferably predetermined by the aforementioned EU regulation and differs from the predetermined first data format DF1.
- the predetermined second data format DF2 is prescribed by another regulation or in some other way, for example according to regulations of other states or confederations which are not members of the European Union.
- the preparation of the acquired data and the outputting of the processed data in the predetermined second data format DF2 is time-consuming, so that in practice the downloading of the acquired data may take several minutes.
- the tachograph DTCO is designed to prepare the data recorded and stored in the first memory area SPB1 in the predetermined first data format DF1 in advance, that is to say before the data of the tachograph DTCO are requested by the reading unit LE through the request A, and to process the prepared data in FIG to store the predetermined second data format DF2 in a second memory area SPB2 of the memory SP. If the reading unit LE sends its request A to the tachograph DTCO, then the data stored in the specified second data format DF2 in the second memory area SPB2 can be sent to the reading unit via the data interface DS of the tachograph DTCO, while maintaining the predetermined second data format DF2 without further processing or conversion LE are spent. The outputting of the data can so can be done at high speed and the data download can be significantly speeded up.
- the first and the second memory area SPB1, SPB2 may be arranged in the same memory unit or may be arranged in separate memory units of the memory SP.
- the first and second memory areas SPB1, SPB2 may each extend to two or more than two memory units.
- a storage capacity of the second storage area SPB2 and preferably also of the first storage area SPB1 is dimensioned such that the recorded data of at least 90 days with average data volume can be simultaneously stored ready for retrieval.
- the storage capacity for the second memory area SPB2 is about 92 days a 1774 bytes, or about 163,208 bytes. However, the storage capacity may also be smaller or larger.
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the second storage area SPB2.
- the second memory area SPB2 shown comprising the data of a total of 92 days T1 to T92, which almost completely fill the second memory area SPB2.
- the second memory area SPB2 is operated as a first ring memory RSP1.
- the second memory area SPB2 is further associated with a second ring memory RSP2, in which for the data of each day Tx, which are stored in the first ring memory RSP1, that is, for each record, one access control structure ZS is stored.
- the access control structures ZS stored in the second ring memory RSP2 comprise a datum DAT of the respective day Tx, the data of which is stored in the first ring memory RSP1 in the second memory area SPB2.
- the respective access control structure ZS also includes a start address ST, which marks a beginning of the respective associated data record in the second memory area SPB2, and preferably also includes the size GR of the respectively associated data record.
- the respective access control structure ZS can also comprise an index Idx, which is assigned to the respectively associated data record in the second memory area SPB2, and / or a consecutive number of the respective day Tx.
- the access control structures ZS which are stored in the second ring memory RSP2, allow easy and fast access to the data of the respective day Tx, which are stored in the first ring memory RSP1, that is, in the second memory area SPB2.
- the request A made to the tachograph DTCO of the reading unit LE comprises the date DAT of those days Tx whose data are to be output by the tachograph DTCO.
- the access control structures ZS stored in the second ring memory RSP2 can be very easily searched for the respective date DAT.
- the associated and stored in the first ring memory RSP1 data of each requested day Tx are very easy to find and read.
- an oldest index AIdx and a newest index NIdx are stored in the memory SP.
- the oldest index AIdx corresponds to a pointer to the access control structure ZS associated with the oldest record in the second memory area SPB2.
- the most recent index NIdx corresponds to a pointer to the access control structure ZS associated with the most recent, that is, the last stored, record in the second memory area SPB2.
- the newest index NIdx is updated when a new record is stored in the second memory area SPB2. If the second memory area SPB2 is already so full that the can no longer be stored in the second memory area SPB2 completely new record to be stored, then at least one old record will be overwritten beginning with the oldest record. Accordingly, in this case also the oldest index AIdx is updated so that it points to the access control structure ZS which is assigned to the then oldest record in the second memory area SPB2.
- the data of one day T93 is stored in the almost completely filled second memory area SPB2. However, the data of the day T93 are so extensive that the data of the days T1 and T2 must be at least partially overwritten.
- a first part of the data of the day T93 is stored at the end of the second memory area SPB2 subsequent to the data of the day T92.
- a second part of the data of the day T93 is stored beginning at the beginning of the second memory area SPB2. This second part of the data of the day T93 extends over a region of the second memory area SPB2, which previously occupied the data of the day T1, and over part of a region which previously had taken the data of the day T2.
- the oldest index AIdx is updated to point to the access control structure ZS of the data of the day T3.
- the data record of the day T3 is thus now the oldest data record in the second memory area SPB2.
- the latest index NIdx is updated to point to the access control structure ZS of the data of the day T93.
- the record of the day T93 is now the newest record.
- the access control structure ZS of the day T1 is overwritten with the access control structure ZS of the day T93.
- the second memory area SPB2 As the first ring memory RSP1 and by assigning the second ring memory RSP2 with the access control structures ZS to the First ring memory RSP1 is a quick and easy access to the data of each day Tx possible. Furthermore, the data can be easily kept up to date by appending the newly added data respectively to the data already stored in the second memory area SPB2 and, if necessary, the data of the oldest day or days remaining in the second memory area SPB2 are overwritten. In particular, the data of the last three months can thus be available in the second memory area SPB2 up-to-date and ready for call.
- FIG. 3A shows a second embodiment of the second storage area SPB2.
- first embodiment of the second memory area SPB2 shows the left side of FIG. 3A a memory content of the second memory area SPB2 before adding the data of the day T93 and showing the right side of the FIG. 3A the memory contents of the second memory area SPB2 after adding the data of the day T93.
- the second embodiment of the second memory area SPB2 differs from the first embodiment essentially in that each data record of the data sets stored in the second memory area SPB2 comprises control data KD and that the second ring memory RSP2 is not required.
- the control data KD comprise the size GR of the respective data record.
- the control data KD preferably also include a quantity GRvT of the data of the respective previous day.
- the respective data record also includes the associated date DAT.
- the oldest index AIdx and the newest index NIdx are provided for identifying the oldest data record or the newest data record in the second memory area PB2.
- the oldest index AIdx and the newest index NIdx each correspond to an address ADR of a start of the oldest or the latest data record.
- the control data KD are preferably arranged in each case at the beginning of the respective data record, so that it can be accessed easily and quickly.
- the second memory area SPB2 can be searched forwards or backwards in each case taking into account the size GR of the respective data set or the size GRvT of the data of the respective preceding day by adding to the address ADR the beginning of the respective Record the size GR added or the size GRvT the data of the previous day is subtracted and the date DAT and possibly the control data KD are read. In this way, the data associated with the searched date DAT can be found quickly and easily.
- the most recent index NIdx and, if necessary as in this example, the oldest index AIdx are updated if necessary. Furthermore, the control data KD of the newly added data set of the day Tx is determined and stored.
- control data KD can also be provided to store further information in the control data KD and correspondingly also in the access control structures ZS of the first embodiment, for example information about which company, that is to say which chip card CK, the respective data record is assigned.
- the smart card CK is currently inserted or was last plugged. These data are most likely to be requested and downloaded.
- the data records stored in the second memory area SPB2 become invalid upon insertion of the chip card CK of another company.
- FIG. 4 shows a first flowchart of a first part of a program for operating the tachograph DTCO.
- This first part of the program concerns the preparation of the acquired data stored in the first storage area SPB1 and the storage of the prepared data in the predetermined second data format DF2 in the second storage area SPB2.
- a change of day TW is checked. For example, a real-time clock of the tachograph DTCO is queried or is signaled by the real-time clock of the day change TW. At the change of day TW, the date DAT changes and the data of the previous day recorded and stored in the first memory area SPB1 are completely recorded and are preferably no longer changed.
- a step S2 it is checked whether data to be prepared of the previous day Tx are available and whether the day change TW has taken place. If this condition is not fulfilled, the program is continued in step S1 and it becomes waited for the next day change TW.
- step S2 if the conditions in step S2 are met, then the data of the previous day Tx stored in the first memory area SPB1 and, if necessary, also the data of further preceding days Tx are prepared according to a predetermined preparation rule.
- the processing of the data according to the prescribed processing rule includes, for example, filtering the data depending on the currently inserted smart card CK and in particular depending on the smart card CK of that company whose smart card CK is currently inserted or last in the chip card reading unit of the tachograph DTCO or was.
- the processing of the data in the step S3 may also include determining at least one test value PW depending on the acquired data and converting the data stored in the predetermined first data format DF1 in the first memory area SPB1 into the predetermined second data format DF2.
- the at least one check value PW is preferably determined as a cryptographic check value PW and particularly preferably as a cryptographic signature.
- the at least one check value PW is merged with the acquired data within the specified second data format DF2 and enables a reliable checking of the acquired data for unauthorized manipulations.
- a step S4 the size GR of the data record to be stored is determined and it is checked whether there is sufficient memory available in the second memory area SPB2. If this is the case, then in a step S5 the processed data in the predetermined second data format DF2 are stored in the second memory area SPB2. In a step S6, the oldest index AIdx, the latest index NIdx and the contents of the second ring memory RSP2 or the control data KD, if necessary, are updated. The collected data is available in the given order second data format DF2 in the second memory area SPB2 available. The program is preferably continued in step S1 and the next day change TW is awaited.
- FIG. 5 shows a second flowchart of a second part of the program for operating the tachograph DTCO.
- This second part of the program relates to the output of the data stored in the specified second data format DF2 in the second memory area SPB2 depending on the request A of the reading unit LE.
- the reading unit LE makes the request A for the data of the day Tx.
- the data are retrieved on a daily basis and identified by their respective date DAT, that is, the reading unit LE provides the request A and sends in this the date DAT of the day Tx whose data the tachograph DTCO is to output. It can also be provided to query the data of several days Tx by the request A and accordingly to send more than one datum DAT or a date range in the request A.
- a step S11 it is checked whether data of the requested day Tx is stored in the second storage area SPB2. If this condition is satisfied, then in a step S12 it is checked whether the download of the data of the requested tag Tx takes place using the chip card CK of the company whose chip card CK is currently inserted. In this case, the data stored in the second memory area SPB2 are already assigned to the company whose chip card CK is currently plugged in. The data of the requested day Tx stored in the second memory area SPB2 can then be read in a step S13 and output to the reading unit LE via the data interface DS of the tachograph DTCO in a step S14. When outputting the data, the predetermined second data format DF2 is retained.
- step S12 If, however, it is determined in step S12 that the download takes place, for example, using the chip card CK of a workshop or a control body, it is checked in a step S15 whether the data of the requested day Tx are completely stored in the second memory area SPB2. This is generally the case if there has been no company change on the requested day Tx, that is, the chip card CK of the company has not been changed. In this case, in step S13, the requested day data Tx stored in the second storage area SPB2 may be read and output to the reading unit LE in step S14.
- the requested day data Tx stored in the first storage area SPB1 is set in step S16 in accordance with step S3 of the first part of the program and output in step S14 in the predetermined second data format DF2 to the reading unit LE.
- Workshops and control bodies are thus given access to the complete data of the day Tx with their respective chip card CK, whereas companies with their respective chip card CK only have access to the data recorded and stored using their own chip card CK.
- the processing of the data of the requested day Tx stored in the first storage area SPB1 and the outputting of the data in the predetermined second data format DF2 in steps S16 and S14 is also required if the condition in step S11 is not satisfied, that is, if the data of the requested day Tx are currently not stored in the second memory area SPB2.
- the fast outputting of the data of the requested day Tx is only possible if these data are already stored ready for retrieval in the second memory area SPB2, that is, the data have already been prepared and stored in the predetermined second data format DF2.
- the first part and the second part of the program for operating the tachograph DTCO are preferably executed by the arithmetic unit RE of the tachograph DTCO.
- the arithmetic unit RE is preferably also designed to determine the at least one test value PW.
- the first part and the second part of the program can be executed independently.
- the execution of the first part of the program is triggered in each case by the tag change TW, which is signaled, for example, by the real-time clock of the tachograph DTCO.
- the execution of the second part of the program is triggered, for example, in each case by the request A of the reading unit LE.
- the first part of the program runs preferably with low priority.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Tachographen und einen Tachographen.The invention relates to a method for operating a tachograph and a tachograph.
Es existieren Vorschriften, die von einem digitalen Tachographen erfassten und gespeicherten Daten in vorgegebenen Zeitintervallen, zum Beispiel etwa alle drei Monate, von dem Tachographen herunterzuladen und zu archivieren. Ferner können Kontrollorgane Fahrzeugkontrollen durchführen, bei denen ebenfalls die von den Tachographen erfassten und gespeicherten Daten zu Kontrollzwecken heruntergeladen werden. Es ist jedoch zeitaufwändig, die von dem Tachographen aufgezeichneten Daten für das Herunterladen aufzubereiten. Das Herunterladen der Daten kann daher lange dauern.There are regulations to download and archive the data acquired and stored by a digital tachograph at predetermined time intervals, for example approximately every three months, from the tachograph. In addition, control bodies may perform vehicle inspections which also download the data collected and stored by the tachographs for control purposes. However, it is time-consuming to prepare the data recorded by the tachograph for downloading. Downloading the data may take a long time.
In der
In der
In der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Tachographen und einen Tachographen zu schaffen, das beziehungsweise der eine schnelle Ausgabe von Daten ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a tachograph and a tachograph, which enables a fast output of data.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung zeichnet sich aus durch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Tachographen und durch einen entsprechenden Tachographen. Erfasste Daten, die in einem ersten Speicherbereich des Tachographen in einem vorgegebenen ersten Datenformat gespeichert sind, werden gemäß einer vorgegebenen Aufbereitungsvorschrift aufbereitet. Die aufbereiteten Daten werden in einem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat, das sich von dem vorgegebenen ersten Datenformat unterscheidet, in einem zweiten Speicherbereich des Tachographen gespeichert. Mindestens ein Teil der in dem zweiten Speicherbereich zuvor gespeicherten Daten wird abhängig von einer Anfrage einer in Bezug auf den Tachographen externen Leseeinheit gelesen. Der mindestens eine gelesene Teil der in dem zweiten Speicherbereich zuvor gespeicherten Daten wird unter Beibehaltung des vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformats über eine Datenschnittstelle des Tachographen ausgegeben.The invention is characterized by a method for operating a tachograph and by a corresponding tachograph. Detected data stored in a first storage area of the tachograph in a predetermined first data format are prepared according to a predetermined preparation rule. The processed data will be in a predetermined second data format, which differs from the predetermined first data format, stored in a second memory area of the tachograph. At least a part of the data previously stored in the second memory area becomes dependent on a request read from an external reading unit with respect to the tachograph. The at least one read part of the data previously stored in the second memory area is output while maintaining the predetermined second data format via a data interface of the tachograph.
Das Aufbereiten der erfassten Daten und das Speichern der aufbereiteten Daten in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat erfolgt insbesondere unabhängig von der Anfrage der Leseeinheit und ist zum Zeitpunkt des Stellens der Anfrage vorzugsweise bereits vollständig abgeschlossen. Dadurch stehen die erfassten Daten bereits in dem für die Ausgabe erforderlichen vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat bereit und können so besonders schnell ausgegeben werden, wenn diese Daten durch die Anfrage abgerufen werden. Die Ausgabe kann so ohne Zeitverlust erfolgen, der andernfalls durch das Aufbereiten der erfassten Daten und für das Ausgeben in dem zweiten Datenformat entstehen würde.The processing of the acquired data and the storage of the processed data in the predetermined second data format takes place, in particular, independently of the request of the reading unit and is preferably already completely completed at the time the request is made. As a result, the acquired data are already available in the predetermined second data format required for the output and can thus be output particularly fast if these data are retrieved by the request. The output can thus be made without loss of time, which would otherwise result from the processing of the acquired data and for outputting in the second data format.
Das Aufbereiten der erfassten Daten gemäß der vorgegebenen Aufbereitungsvorschrift umfasst das Ermitteln mindestens eines kryptographischen Prüfwerts abhängig von den erfassten Daten. Der Vorteil ist, dass die in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat gespeicherten Daten so vor unbefugten Manipulationen geschützt sind. Ferner kann durch das Ermitteln des mindestens einen kryptographischen Prüfwerts bereits vor dem Zeitpunkt des Stellens der Anfrage bei der Ausgabe der Daten erheblich Zeit eingespart werden.The processing of the recorded data in accordance with the prescribed preparation rule comprises determining at least one cryptographic check value as a function of the acquired data. The advantage is that the data stored in the given second data format are thus protected against unauthorized manipulation. Furthermore, by determining the at least one cryptographic check value, considerable time can be saved even before the time of placing the request in the output of the data.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der kryptographische Prüfwert als eine Signatur ermittelt wird. Der Vorteil ist, dass die Daten so besonders gut vor unbefugten Manipulationen geschützt sind und dadurch ein besonders hohes Sicherheitsniveau möglich ist.In this context, it is advantageous if the cryptographic check value is determined as a signature. The advantage is that the data are so well protected against unauthorized manipulation and thus a particularly high level of security is possible.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird der zweite Speicherbereich als ein erster Ringspeicher betrieben. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass immer die aktuellsten Daten aufbereitet und in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat gespeichert für die schnelle Ausgabe zur Verfügung stehen.In a further advantageous embodiment, the second memory area is operated as a first ring memory. This has the advantage that always the most up-to-date data are processed and stored in the given second data format for fast output.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird auf einen Tagwechsel überprüft. Ferner wird das Aufbereiten der erfassten Daten eines jeweils vorangegangenen Tages und das Speichern in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat in dem zweiten Speicherbereich nach dem erkannten Tagwechsel durchgeführt. Der Vorteil ist, dass dadurch die Daten des jeweils abgeschlossenen Tages abrufbereit in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat zur Verfügung stehen. Diese können so schnell gelesen und ausgegeben werden. Dadurch weisen die Daten in dem zweiten Speicherbereich eine hohe Aktualität auf. Ferner ist jeweils nur ein geringer zeitlicher Aufwand erforderlich für das Aufbereiten und Speichern der erfassten Daten von jeweils nur einem Tag. Vorzugsweise erfolgt das Aufbereiten und das Speichern in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat mit niedriger Priorität und besonders bevorzugt während Ruhezeiten, während derer der Tachograph nicht bereits durch das Erfassen von Daten ausgelastet ist. Dies ist im Allgemeinen in den Nachtstunden nach Mitternacht, also unmittelbar nach dem Tagwechsel, erfüllt.In a further advantageous embodiment is checked for a day change. Furthermore, the processing of the acquired data of a respective preceding day and the storage in the predetermined second data format in the second memory area are carried out after the detected day change. The advantage is that this makes the data of the respective completed day available for retrieval in the specified second data format. These can be read and output so quickly. As a result, the data in the second memory area is highly up-to-date. Furthermore, in each case only a small amount of time is required for processing and storing the recorded data of only one day. Preferably, the rendering and the saving in the predetermined second data format with low priority, and more preferably during rest periods, during which the tachograph is not already busy by the acquisition of data. This is generally done at night after midnight, ie immediately after the day change.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind im Folgenden anhand der schematischen Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- einen Tachographen und eine Leseeinheit,
Figur 2- eine erste Ausführungsform eines zweiten Speicherbereichs,
- Figur 3A
- eine zweite Ausführungsform des zweiten Speicherbereichs,
- Figur 3B
- einen Datensatz,
Figur 4- ein erstes Ablaufdiagramm und
Figur 5- ein zweites Ablaufdiagramm.
- FIG. 1
- a tachograph and a reading unit,
- FIG. 2
- a first embodiment of a second storage area,
- FIG. 3A
- a second embodiment of the second storage area,
- FIG. 3B
- a record,
- FIG. 4
- a first flowchart and
- FIG. 5
- a second flowchart.
Elemente gleicher Konstruktion oder Funktion sind figurenübergreifend mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Elements of the same construction or function are provided across the figures with the same reference numerals.
Ein Tachograph DTCO umfasst eine Recheneinheit RE und einen Speicher SP (
Der Zugriff auf die in dem Speicher SP gespeicherten Daten des Tachographen DTCO, insbesondere auf die von dem Tachographen DTCO erfassten Daten, erfolgt beispielsweise über eine Leseeinheit LE, die über eine Datenverbindung DV mit einer Datenschnittstelle DS des Tachographen DTCO koppelbar ist. Die Datenverbindung DV kann kabelgebunden oder kabellos ausgebildet sein. Die Leseeinheit LE ist in Bezug auf den Tachographen DTCO extern zu diesem angeordnet.Access to the data stored in the memory SP data of the tachograph DTCO, in particular to the data recorded by the tachograph DTCO, for example, via a reading unit LE, which can be coupled via a data connection DV with a data interface DS of the tachograph DTCO. The data connection DV can be wired or wireless. The reading unit LE is arranged externally with respect to the tachograph DTCO.
Die Recheneinheit RE ist beispielsweise vorgesehen zum Steuern von Funktionen des Tachographen DTCO. Es können auch weitere Recheneinheiten zum Steuern von Funktionen des Tachographen DTCO vorgesehen sein. Die Funktionen des Tachographen DTCO umfassen insbesondere ein Erfassen von Daten, ein manipulationssicheres Speichern der erfassten Daten und ein Ausgeben der erfassten Daten abhängig von einer Anfrage A der Leseeinheit LE. Die erfassten Daten umfassen beispielsweise Fahrdaten, zum Beispiel eine Fahrgeschwindigkeit, oder einen Wechsel der Chipkarte CK oder andere Daten, die während des Betriebs des Tachographen erfasst werden, beispielsweise Fehlermeldungen.The arithmetic unit RE is provided, for example, for controlling functions of the tachograph DTCO. There may also be further arithmetic units for controlling functions of the tachograph DTCO be provided. In particular, the functions of the tachograph DTCO comprise data acquisition, tamper-proof storage of the acquired data, and outputting of the acquired data depending on a request A from the reading unit LE. The acquired data include, for example, driving data, for example a driving speed, or a change of the chip card CK or other data that are detected during the operation of the tachograph, for example error messages.
Der Speicher SP kann eine einzelne Speichereinheit oder zwei oder mehr als zwei einzelne Speichereinheiten, zum Beispiel Speicherchips, umfassen. In dem Speicher SP ist ein erster Speicherbereich SPB1 vorgesehen. Der Tachograph DTCO ist ausgebildet, die von ihm erfassten Daten in einem vorgegebenen ersten Datenformat DF1 in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 zu speichern. Das vorgegebene erste Datenformat DF1 ist beispielsweise durch den Hersteller des Tachographen DTCO vorgegeben.The memory SP may comprise a single memory unit or two or more than two individual memory units, for example memory chips. In the memory SP, a first memory area SPB1 is provided. The tachograph DTCO is designed to store the data acquired by it in a predetermined first data format DF1 in the first memory area SPB1. The predetermined first data format DF1 is predetermined, for example, by the manufacturer of the tachograph DTCO.
Die von dem Tachographen DTCO erfassten und in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 gespeicherten Daten müssen in vorgegebenen Zeitintervallen heruntergeladen und archiviert werden, zum Beispiel etwa alle drei Monate. Ferner kann das Herunterladen von Daten auch bei Fahrzeugkontrollen erforderlich sein, die von Kontrollorganen durchgeführt werden. Für das Herunterladen der Daten wird die Leseeinheit LE mit dem Tachographen DTCO gekoppelt. Ein für das Übertragen der Daten zu nutzendes Übertragungsprotokoll ist beispielsweise durch die EU-Verordnung VO (EWG) Nr. 3821/85 Anhang IB und Appendix 7 vorgegeben. So ist beispielsweise für das Herunterladen eine maximale Übertragungsgeschwindigkeit von 115200 Bits pro Sekunde vorgesehen. Dadurch dauert das Übertragen der erfassten Daten von etwa 90 Tagen, deren Datensätze jeweils eine Größe GR von durchschnittlich etwa 1774 Byte aufweisen, etwa 15,4 Sekunden. Jedoch ist es erforderlich, die erfassten Daten, die in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 in dem ersten Datenformat DF1 gespeichert sind, für das Übertragen an die Leseeinheit LE aufzubereiten, beispielsweise abhängig von dem aktuell das Fahrzeug und den Tachographen DTCO nutzenden Unternehmen, das durch seine Chipkarte CK ausgewiesen ist, zu filtern. Ferner erfordert die Leseeinheit LE entsprechend der genannten EU-Verordnung, dass die aufbereiteten Daten in einem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 von dem Tachographen DTCO ausgegeben und an die Leseeinheit LE übertragen werden. Das vorgegebene zweite Datenformat DF2 ist vorzugsweise durch die genannte EU-Verordnung vorgegeben und unterscheidet sich von dem vorgegebenen ersten Datenformat DF1. Es ist jedoch ebenso möglich, dass das vorgegebene zweite Datenformat DF2 durch eine andere Verordnung oder auf andere Weise vorgegeben ist, zum Beispiel entsprechend Vorschriften anderer Staaten oder Staatenbünden, die nicht der Europäischen Union zugehörig sind.The data acquired by the tachograph DTCO and stored in the first memory area SPB1 must be downloaded and archived at predetermined time intervals, for example approximately every three months. Furthermore, the downloading of data may also be required in vehicle inspections carried out by control bodies. For downloading the data, the reading unit LE is coupled to the tachograph DTCO. A transmission protocol to be used for transmitting the data is prescribed, for example, by EU Regulation VO (EEC) No. 3821/85 Annex IB and
Das Aufbereiten der erfassten Daten und das Ausgeben der aufbereiteten Daten in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 ist zeitaufwändig, so dass das Herunterladen der erfassten Daten in der Praxis mehrere Minuten dauern kann.The preparation of the acquired data and the outputting of the processed data in the predetermined second data format DF2 is time-consuming, so that in practice the downloading of the acquired data may take several minutes.
Der Tachograph DTCO ist ausgebildet, die erfassten und in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 in dem vorgegebenen ersten Datenformat DF1 gespeicherten Daten im Voraus, das heißt noch bevor Daten des Tachographen DTCO durch die Leseeinheit LE durch die Anfrage A angefordert werden, aufzubereiten und die aufbereiteten Daten in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 in einem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 des Speichers SP zu speichern. Stellt die Leseeinheit LE ihre Anfrage A an den Tachographen DTCO, dann können die in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeicherten Daten unter Beibehaltung des vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformats DF2 ohne weiteres Aufbereiten oder Umwandeln über die Datenschnittstelle DS des Tachographen DTCO an die Leseeinheit LE ausgegeben werden. Das Ausgeben der Daten kann so mit hoher Geschwindigkeit erfolgen und das Herunterladen der Daten kann so erheblich beschleunigt werden.The tachograph DTCO is designed to prepare the data recorded and stored in the first memory area SPB1 in the predetermined first data format DF1 in advance, that is to say before the data of the tachograph DTCO are requested by the reading unit LE through the request A, and to process the prepared data in FIG to store the predetermined second data format DF2 in a second memory area SPB2 of the memory SP. If the reading unit LE sends its request A to the tachograph DTCO, then the data stored in the specified second data format DF2 in the second memory area SPB2 can be sent to the reading unit via the data interface DS of the tachograph DTCO, while maintaining the predetermined second data format DF2 without further processing or conversion LE are spent. The outputting of the data can so can be done at high speed and the data download can be significantly speeded up.
Der erste und der zweite Speicherbereich SPB1, SPB2 können in derselben Speichereinheit angeordnet sein oder können in separaten Speichereinheiten des Speichers SP angeordnet sein. Der erste und der zweite Speicherbereich SPB1, SPB2 können sich jeweils auch auf zwei oder mehr als zwei Speichereinheiten erstrecken. Bevorzugt ist eine Speicherkapazität des zweiten Speicherbereichs SPB2 und bevorzugt auch des ersten Speicherbereichs SPB1 so bemessen, dass die erfassten Daten von mindestens 90 Tagen bei durchschnittlichem Datenaufkommen gleichzeitig abrufbereit gespeichert sein können. Beispielsweise beträgt die Speicherkapazität für den zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 etwa 92 Tage ä 1774 Bytes, also etwa 163208 Bytes. Die Speicherkapazität kann jedoch auch kleiner oder größer bemessen sein.The first and the second memory area SPB1, SPB2 may be arranged in the same memory unit or may be arranged in separate memory units of the memory SP. The first and second memory areas SPB1, SPB2 may each extend to two or more than two memory units. Preferably, a storage capacity of the second storage area SPB2 and preferably also of the first storage area SPB1 is dimensioned such that the recorded data of at least 90 days with average data volume can be simultaneously stored ready for retrieval. For example, the storage capacity for the second memory area SPB2 is about 92 days a 1774 bytes, or about 163,208 bytes. However, the storage capacity may also be smaller or larger.
Die Zugriffssteuerungsstrukturen ZS, die in dem zweiten Ringspeicher RSP2 gespeichert sind, ermöglichen einen einfachen und schnellen Zugriff auf die Daten des jeweiligen Tages Tx, die in dem ersten Ringspeicher RSP1, das heißt in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2, gespeichert sind.The access control structures ZS, which are stored in the second ring memory RSP2, allow easy and fast access to the data of the respective day Tx, which are stored in the first ring memory RSP1, that is, in the second memory area SPB2.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die an den Tachographen DTCO gestellte Anfrage A der Leseeinheit LE das Datum DAT derjenigen Tage Tx, deren Daten von dem Tachographen DTCO ausgegeben werden sollen. Die in dem zweiten Ringspeicher RSP2 gespeicherten Zugriffssteuerungsstrukturen ZS können sehr einfach nach dem jeweiligen Datum DAT durchsucht werden. Mittels der in der zugehörigen Zugriffssteuerungsstruktur ZS gespeicherten Startadresse ST und gegebenenfalls der Größe GR können die zugehörigen und in dem ersten Ringspeicher RSP1 gespeicherten Daten des jeweils angefragten Tages Tx sehr einfach gefunden und gelesen werden.Preferably, the request A made to the tachograph DTCO of the reading unit LE comprises the date DAT of those days Tx whose data are to be output by the tachograph DTCO. The access control structures ZS stored in the second ring memory RSP2 can be very easily searched for the respective date DAT. By means of the stored in the associated access control structure ZS start address ST and possibly the size GR, the associated and stored in the first ring memory RSP1 data of each requested day Tx are very easy to find and read.
Zusätzlich zu dem ersten Ringspeicher RSP1 und dem zweiten Ringspeicher RSP2 sind ferner ein ältester Index AIdx und ein neuester Index NIdx in dem Speicher SP gespeichert. Der älteste Index AIdx entspricht einem Zeiger auf diejenige Zugriffssteuerungsstruktur ZS, die dem jeweils ältesten Datensatz in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 zugeordnet ist. Der neueste Index NIdx entspricht einem Zeiger auf diejenige Zugriffssteuerungsstruktur ZS, die dem jüngsten, das heißt dem zuletzt gespeicherten Datensatz in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 zugeordnet ist.In addition to the first ring memory RSP1 and the second ring memory RSP2, furthermore, an oldest index AIdx and a newest index NIdx are stored in the memory SP. The oldest index AIdx corresponds to a pointer to the access control structure ZS associated with the oldest record in the second memory area SPB2. The most recent index NIdx corresponds to a pointer to the access control structure ZS associated with the most recent, that is, the last stored, record in the second memory area SPB2.
Der neueste Index NIdx wird aktualisiert, wenn ein neuer Datensatz in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert wird. Ist der zweite Speicherbereich SPB2 bereits so voll, dass der neu zu speichernde Datensatz nicht mehr vollständig zusätzlich in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert werden kann, dann wird mindestens ein alter Datensatz beginnend mit dem ältesten Datensatz überschrieben. Entsprechend wird in diesem Fall auch der älteste Index AIdx aktualisiert, so dass dieser auf die Zugriffssteuerungsstruktur ZS zeigt, der dem dann ältesten Datensatz in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 zugeordnet ist.The newest index NIdx is updated when a new record is stored in the second memory area SPB2. If the second memory area SPB2 is already so full that the can no longer be stored in the second memory area SPB2 completely new record to be stored, then at least one old record will be overwritten beginning with the oldest record. Accordingly, in this case also the oldest index AIdx is updated so that it points to the access control structure ZS which is assigned to the then oldest record in the second memory area SPB2.
Beispielhaft ist dies auf der rechten Seite der
Durch das Ausbilden des zweiten Speicherbereichs SPB2 als ersten Ringspeicher RSP1 und durch Zuordnen des zweiten Ringspeichers RSP2 mit den Zugriffssteuerungsstrukturen ZS zu dem ersten Ringspeicher RSP1 ist ein schneller und einfacher Zugriff auf die Daten des jeweiligen Tages Tx möglich. Ferner können die Daten sehr einfach aktuell gehalten werden, indem die neu hinzukommenden Daten jeweils angehängt werden an die bereits in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeicherten Daten und können, falls erforderlich, die Daten des ältesten Tages oder der ältesten Tage, die in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert sind, überschrieben werden. Insbesondere können so die Daten der letzten drei Monate aktuell und abrufbereit in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 verfügbar sein.By forming the second memory area SPB2 as the first ring memory RSP1 and by assigning the second ring memory RSP2 with the access control structures ZS to the First ring memory RSP1 is a quick and easy access to the data of each day Tx possible. Furthermore, the data can be easily kept up to date by appending the newly added data respectively to the data already stored in the second memory area SPB2 and, if necessary, the data of the oldest day or days remaining in the second memory area SPB2 are overwritten. In particular, the data of the last three months can thus be available in the second memory area SPB2 up-to-date and ready for call.
Ein Aufbau eines Datensatzes mit Kontrolldaten KD ist in Figur 3B dargestellt. Die Kontrolldaten KD umfassen die Größe GR des jeweiligen Datensatzes. Vorzugsweise umfassen die Kontrolldaten KD auch eine Größe GRvT der Daten des jeweils vorangegangenen Tages. Ferner umfasst der jeweilige Datensatz auch das zugehörige Datum DAT. Mittels der Kontrolldaten KD und dem jeweiligen Datum DAT können die in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeicherten Daten sehr einfach durchsucht werden. Der älteste Index AIdx und der neueste Index NIdx sind vorgesehen zum Kennzeichnen des ältesten Datensatzes beziehungsweise des neuesten Datensatzes in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2. Bevorzugt entsprechen der älteste Index AIdx und der neueste Index NIdx jeweils einer Adresse ADR eines Beginns des ältesten beziehungsweise neuesten Datensatzes. Die Kontrolldaten KD sind bevorzugt jeweils am Beginn des jeweiligen Datensatzes angeordnet, so dass auf diese einfach und schnell zugegriffen werden kann. Ausgehend von dem ältesten Index AIdx oder dem neuesten Index NIdx kann jeweils unter Berücksichtigung der Größe GR des jeweiligen Datensatzes oder der Größe GRvT der Daten des jeweils vorangegangenen Tages der zweite Speicherbereich SPB2 vorwärts beziehungsweise rückwärts durchsucht werden, indem zu der Adresse ADR des Beginns des jeweiligen Datensatzes die Größe GR addiert beziehungsweise die Größe GRvT der Daten des vorangegangenen Tages subtrahiert wird und jeweils das Datum DAT und gegebenenfalls die Kontrolldaten KD gelesen werden. Auf diese Weise können die dem gesuchten Datum DAT zugehörigen Daten schnell und einfach gefunden werden.A structure of a data record with control data KD is shown in FIG. 3B. The control data KD comprise the size GR of the respective data record. The control data KD preferably also include a quantity GRvT of the data of the respective previous day. Furthermore, the respective data record also includes the associated date DAT. By means of the control data KD and the respective date DAT, the data stored in the second memory area SPB2 can be searched very easily. The oldest index AIdx and the newest index NIdx are provided for identifying the oldest data record or the newest data record in the second memory area PB2. Preferably, the oldest index AIdx and the newest index NIdx each correspond to an address ADR of a start of the oldest or the latest data record. The control data KD are preferably arranged in each case at the beginning of the respective data record, so that it can be accessed easily and quickly. Starting from the oldest index AIdx or the latest index NIdx, the second memory area SPB2 can be searched forwards or backwards in each case taking into account the size GR of the respective data set or the size GRvT of the data of the respective preceding day by adding to the address ADR the beginning of the respective Record the size GR added or the size GRvT the data of the previous day is subtracted and the date DAT and possibly the control data KD are read. In this way, the data associated with the searched date DAT can be found quickly and easily.
Bei dem Hinzufügen von Daten des Tages Tx, in diesem Beispiel bei dem Hinzufügen der Daten des Tages T93, werden der neueste Index NIdx und, falls wie in diesem Beispiel erforderlich, gegebenenfalls der älteste Index AIdx aktualisiert. Ferner werden die Kontrolldaten KD des neu hinzugefügten Datensatzes des Tages Tx ermittelt und gespeichert.When adding data of the day Tx, in this example when adding the data of the day T93, the most recent index NIdx and, if necessary as in this example, the oldest index AIdx are updated if necessary. Furthermore, the control data KD of the newly added data set of the day Tx is determined and stored.
Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, in den Kontrolldaten KD und entsprechend auch in den Zugriffssteuerungsstrukturen ZS der ersten Ausführungsform weitere Informationen zu speichern, beispielsweise eine Information darüber, welchem Unternehmen, das heißt welcher Chipkarte CK, der jeweilige Datensatz zugeordnet ist. Dadurch ist es möglich, Datensätze, die verschiedenen Unternehmen zugeordnet sind, das heißt die Daten mit unterschiedlichen Chipkarten CK erfasst wurden, in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 zu speichern und abrufbereit zur Verfügung zu stellen. Wird einer der in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeicherten Datensätze durch die Anfrage A der Leseeinheit LE angefragt, kann sehr einfach anhand der Information in den Kontrolldaten KD oder den Zugriffssteuerungsstrukturen ZS bezüglich des Unternehmens festgestellt werden, ob die angefragten Daten unter Berücksichtigung der aktuell eingesteckten Chipkarte CK ausgegeben werden dürfen. So kann sehr einfach sichergestellt werden, dass jedes Unternehmen nur auf die eigenen Daten zugreifen kann, nicht jedoch auf die Daten anderer Unternehmen.It can also be provided to store further information in the control data KD and correspondingly also in the access control structures ZS of the first embodiment, for example information about which company, that is to say which chip card CK, the respective data record is assigned. This makes it possible to store data sets which are assigned to different companies, that is to say the data was acquired with different chip cards CK, in the second memory area SPB2 and to make them available for retrieval. If one of the data sets stored in the second memory area SPB2 is requested by the request A of the reading unit LE, it is very easy to use the information be determined in the control data KD or the access control structures ZS with respect to the company, whether the requested data may be issued taking into account the currently inserted smart card CK. This makes it very easy to ensure that each company can only access their own data, not the data of other companies.
Bevorzugt werden nur die Daten desjenigen Unternehmens aufbereitet und in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert, dessen Chipkarte CK aktuell eingesteckt ist oder zuletzt eingesteckt war. Für diese Daten besteht die größte Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass diese angefragt und heruntergeladen werden. Vorzugsweise werden die in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeicherten Datensätze bei Einstecken der Chipkarte CK eines anderen Unternehmens ungültig.Preferably, only the data of that company are processed and stored in the predetermined second data format DF2 in the second memory area SPB2, the smart card CK is currently inserted or was last plugged. These data are most likely to be requested and downloaded. Preferably, the data records stored in the second memory area SPB2 become invalid upon insertion of the chip card CK of another company.
In einem Schritt S1 wird auf einen Tagwechsel TW überprüft. Beispielsweise wird dazu eine Echtzeituhr des Tachographen DTCO abgefragt oder wird durch die Echtzeituhr der Tagwechsel TW signalisiert. Bei dem Tagwechsel TW ändert sich das Datum DAT und die erfassten und in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 gespeicherten Daten des vorangegangenen Tages sind vollständig erfasst und werden vorzugsweise nicht mehr geändert. In einem Schritt S2 wird überprüft, ob aufzubereitende Daten des vorangegangenen Tages Tx vorliegen und ob der Tagwechsel TW stattgefunden hat. Ist diese Bedingung nicht erfüllt, dann wird das Programm in dem Schritt S1 fortgeführt und es wird auf den nächsten Tagwechsel TW gewartet. Sind die Bedingungen in dem Schritt S2 jedoch erfüllt, dann werden die Daten des vorangegangenen Tages Tx, die in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 gespeichert sind, und gegebenenfalls, falls erforderlich, auch die Daten weiterer vorangegangener Tage Tx gemäß einer vorgegebenen Aufbereitungsvorschrift aufbereitet. Das Aufbereiten der Daten gemäß der vorgegebenen Aufbereitungsvorschrift umfasst beispielsweise ein Filtern der Daten abhängig von der aktuell eingesteckten Chipkarte CK und insbesondere abhängig von der Chipkarte CK desjenigen Unternehmens, dessen Chipkarte CK aktuell oder zuletzt in der Chipkartenleseeinheit des Tachographen DTCO eingesteckt ist beziehungsweise war.In a step S1, a change of day TW is checked. For example, a real-time clock of the tachograph DTCO is queried or is signaled by the real-time clock of the day change TW. At the change of day TW, the date DAT changes and the data of the previous day recorded and stored in the first memory area SPB1 are completely recorded and are preferably no longer changed. In a step S2, it is checked whether data to be prepared of the previous day Tx are available and whether the day change TW has taken place. If this condition is not fulfilled, the program is continued in step S1 and it becomes waited for the next day change TW. However, if the conditions in step S2 are met, then the data of the previous day Tx stored in the first memory area SPB1 and, if necessary, also the data of further preceding days Tx are prepared according to a predetermined preparation rule. The processing of the data according to the prescribed processing rule includes, for example, filtering the data depending on the currently inserted smart card CK and in particular depending on the smart card CK of that company whose smart card CK is currently inserted or last in the chip card reading unit of the tachograph DTCO or was.
Das Aufbereiten der Daten in dem Schritt S3 kann auch ein Ermitteln mindestens eines Prüfwerts PW abhängig von den erfassten Daten und ein Umwandeln der in dem vorgegebenen ersten Datenformat DF1 in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 gespeicherten Daten in das vorgegebene zweite Datenformat DF2 umfassen. Der mindestens eine Prüfwert PW wird vorzugsweise als ein kryptographischer Prüfwert PW und besonders bevorzugt als eine kryptographische Signatur ermittelt. Der mindestens eine Prüfwert PW wird im Rahmen des vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformats DF2 mit den erfassten Daten zusammengeführt und ermöglicht ein zuverlässiges Überprüfen der erfassten Daten auf unbefugte Manipulationen.The processing of the data in the step S3 may also include determining at least one test value PW depending on the acquired data and converting the data stored in the predetermined first data format DF1 in the first memory area SPB1 into the predetermined second data format DF2. The at least one check value PW is preferably determined as a cryptographic check value PW and particularly preferably as a cryptographic signature. The at least one check value PW is merged with the acquired data within the specified second data format DF2 and enables a reliable checking of the acquired data for unauthorized manipulations.
In einem Schritt S4 wird die Größe GR des zu speichernden Datensatzes ermittelt und wird überprüft, ob in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 genügend Speicherplatz zur Verfügung steht. Ist dies der Fall, dann werden in einem Schritt S5 die aufbereiteten Daten in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert. In einem Schritt S6 werden der älteste Index AIdx, der neueste Index NIdx und der Inhalt des zweiten Ringspeichers RSP2 beziehungsweise der Kontrolldaten KD, soweit erforderlich, aktualisiert. Die erfassten Daten stehen abrufbereit in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 zur Verfügung. Das Programm wird vorzugsweise in dem Schritt S1 fortgeführt und es wird auf den nächsten Tagwechsel TW gewartet.In a step S4, the size GR of the data record to be stored is determined and it is checked whether there is sufficient memory available in the second memory area SPB2. If this is the case, then in a step S5 the processed data in the predetermined second data format DF2 are stored in the second memory area SPB2. In a step S6, the oldest index AIdx, the latest index NIdx and the contents of the second ring memory RSP2 or the control data KD, if necessary, are updated. The collected data is available in the given order second data format DF2 in the second memory area SPB2 available. The program is preferably continued in step S1 and the next day change TW is awaited.
In einem Schritt S11 wird überprüft, ob Daten des angefragten Tages Tx in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert sind. Ist diese Bedingung erfüllt, dann wird in einem Schritt S12 überprüft, ob das Herunterladen der Daten des angefragten Tags Tx unter Nutzung der Chipkarte CK desjenigen Unternehmens erfolgt, dessen Chipkarte CK aktuell eingesteckt ist. In diesem Fall sind die in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeicherten Daten bereits demjenigen Unternehmen zugeordnet, dessen Chipkarte CK aktuell eingesteckt ist. In einem Schritt S13 können dann die in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeicherten Daten des angefragten Tages Tx gelesen und in einem Schritt S14 über die Datenschnittstelle DS des Tachographen DTCO an die Leseeinheit LE ausgegeben werden. Bei der Ausgabe der Daten wird das vorgegebene zweite Datenformat DF2 beibehalten.In a step S11, it is checked whether data of the requested day Tx is stored in the second storage area SPB2. If this condition is satisfied, then in a step S12 it is checked whether the download of the data of the requested tag Tx takes place using the chip card CK of the company whose chip card CK is currently inserted. In this case, the data stored in the second memory area SPB2 are already assigned to the company whose chip card CK is currently plugged in. The data of the requested day Tx stored in the second memory area SPB2 can then be read in a step S13 and output to the reading unit LE via the data interface DS of the tachograph DTCO in a step S14. When outputting the data, the predetermined second data format DF2 is retained.
Wird jedoch in dem Schritt S12 festgestellt, dass das Herunterladen beispielsweise unter Nutzung der Chipkarte CK einer Werkstatt oder eines Kontrollorgans erfolgt, dann wird in einem Schritt S15 überprüft, ob die Daten des angefragten Tages Tx vollständig in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert sind. Dies ist im Allgemeinen der Fall, wenn an dem angefragten Tag Tx kein Unternehmenswechsel stattgefunden hat, das heißt, die Chipkarte CK des Unternehmens nicht gewechselt wurde. In diesem Fall können in dem Schritt S13 die in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeicherten Daten des angefragten Tages Tx gelesen und in dem Schritt S14 an die Leseeinheit LE ausgegeben werden.If, however, it is determined in step S12 that the download takes place, for example, using the chip card CK of a workshop or a control body, it is checked in a step S15 whether the data of the requested day Tx are completely stored in the second memory area SPB2. This is generally the case if there has been no company change on the requested day Tx, that is, the chip card CK of the company has not been changed. In this case, in step S13, the requested day data Tx stored in the second storage area SPB2 may be read and output to the reading unit LE in step S14.
Sind die angefragten Daten des Tages Tx jedoch nicht vollständig in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert, zum Beispiel weil an diesem Tag Tx ein Unternehmenswechsel stattgefunden hat, dann werden in einem Schritt S16 die in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 gespeicherten Daten des angefragten Tages Tx entsprechend dem Schritt S3 des ersten Teils des Programms aufbereitet und in dem Schritt S14 in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 an die Leseeinheit LE ausgegeben. Werkstätten und Kontrollorgane erhalten so mit ihrer jeweiligen Chipkarte CK Zugriff auf die vollständigen Daten des Tages Tx, während Unternehmen mit ihrer jeweiligen Chipkarte CK nur Zugriff auf die unter Nutzung ihrer eigenen Chipkarte CK erfassten und gespeicherten Daten erhalten.However, if the requested data of the day Tx is not completely stored in the second storage area SPB2, for example, because a business change took place on that day Tx, then the requested day data Tx stored in the first storage area SPB1 is set in step S16 in accordance with step S3 of the first part of the program and output in step S14 in the predetermined second data format DF2 to the reading unit LE. Workshops and control bodies are thus given access to the complete data of the day Tx with their respective chip card CK, whereas companies with their respective chip card CK only have access to the data recorded and stored using their own chip card CK.
Das Aufbereiten der in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 gespeicherten Daten des angefragten Tages Tx und das Ausgeben der Daten in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 in den Schritten S16 und S14 ist ebenfalls erforderlich, wenn die Bedingung in dem Schritt S11 nicht erfüllt ist, das heißt, wenn die Daten des angefragten Tages Tx aktuell nicht in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert sind. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass auf alle in dem ersten Speicherbereich SPB1 gespeicherten Daten zugegriffen werden kann, auch wenn diese aktuell nicht aufbereitet und in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 gespeichert sind. Das schnelle Ausgeben der Daten des angefragten Tages Tx ist jedoch nur möglich, wenn diese Daten bereits in dem zweiten Speicherbereich SPB2 abrufbereit gespeichert sind, das heißt, die Daten bereits aufbereitet und in dem vorgegebenen zweiten Datenformat DF2 gespeichert sind.The processing of the data of the requested day Tx stored in the first storage area SPB1 and the outputting of the data in the predetermined second data format DF2 in steps S16 and S14 is also required if the condition in step S11 is not satisfied, that is, if the data of the requested day Tx are currently not stored in the second memory area SPB2. This ensures that all data stored in the first memory area SPB1 can be accessed, even if it is not currently being processed and in the predefined second one Data format DF2 are stored in the second memory area SPB2. However, the fast outputting of the data of the requested day Tx is only possible if these data are already stored ready for retrieval in the second memory area SPB2, that is, the data have already been prepared and stored in the predetermined second data format DF2.
Der erste Teil und der zweite Teil des Programms zum Betreiben des Tachographen DTCO werden vorzugsweise durch die Recheneinheit RE des Tachographen DTCO ausgeführt. Die Recheneinheit RE ist vorzugsweise auch dazu ausgebildet, den mindestens einen Prüfwert PW zu ermitteln. Es kann jedoch auch eine der Recheneinheit RE zugeordnete weitere Recheneinheit vorgesehen sein, die ausgebildet ist, den mindestens einen Prüfwert PW zu ermitteln.The first part and the second part of the program for operating the tachograph DTCO are preferably executed by the arithmetic unit RE of the tachograph DTCO. The arithmetic unit RE is preferably also designed to determine the at least one test value PW. However, it is also possible to provide a further arithmetic unit assigned to the arithmetic unit RE, which is designed to determine the at least one test value PW.
Der erste Teil und der zweite Teil des Programms können unabhängig voneinander ausgeführt werden. Beispielsweise wird das Ausführen des ersten Teils des Programms jeweils angestoßen durch den Tagwechsel TW, der beispielsweise durch die Echtzeituhr des Tachographen DTCO signalisiert wird. Das Ausführen des zweiten Teils des Programms wird beispielsweise jeweils angestoßen durch die Anfrage A der Leseeinheit LE. Der erste Teil des Programms läuft bevorzugt mit niedriger Priorität. The first part and the second part of the program can be executed independently. For example, the execution of the first part of the program is triggered in each case by the tag change TW, which is signaled, for example, by the real-time clock of the tachograph DTCO. The execution of the second part of the program is triggered, for example, in each case by the request A of the reading unit LE. The first part of the program runs preferably with low priority.
Claims (5)
- Method for operating a tachograph (DTCO), in which- acquired data which comprise travel data including a velocity, and which are stored in a first memory region (SPB1) of the tachograph (DTCO) in a predefined first data format (DF1) are conditioned according to a predefined conditioning rule, and the conditioned data are stored in a predefined second data format (DF2), which differs from the predefined first data format (DF1), in a second memory region (SPB2) of the tachograph (DTCO), and- at least a portion of the data which have been previously stored in the second memory region (SPB2) is read as a function of an inquiry (A) by a reading unit (LE) which is external in relation to the tachograph, and the at least one read portion of the data which have been previously stored in the second memory region (SPB2) is output via a data interface (DS) of the tachograph (DTCO) while preserving the predefined second data format (DF2)- and in which the conditioning of the acquired data in accordance with the predefined conditioning rule comprises the determination of at least one cryptographic check value (PW) as a function of the acquired data.
- Method according to Claim 1, in which the cryptographic check value (PW) is determined as a signature.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the second memory region (SPB2) is operated as a first circular buffer (RSP1).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which- checking for a change of day (TW) is performed, and- the conditioning of the acquired data for the respectively preceding day and the storage of the conditioned data in the predefined second data format (DF2) are carried out in the second memory region (SPB2) after the change of day (TW) has been detected.
- Tachograph which is designed- to condition acquired data which comprise travel data including a velocity, and which are stored in a first memory region (SPB1) of the tachograph (DTCO) in a predefined first data format (DF1), according to a predefined conditioning rule, and to store the conditioned data in a predefined second data format (DF2), which differs from the predefined first data format (DF1), in a second memory region (SPB2) of the tachograph (DTCO), and- to read at least a portion of the data which have been previously stored in the second memory region (SPB2), as a function of an inquiry (A) by a reading unit (LE) which is external in relation to the tachograph, and to output the at least one read portion of the data which have been previously stored in the second memory region, via a data interface (DS) of the tachograph (DTCO), while preserving the predefined second data format (DF2),- wherein the conditioning of the acquired data in accordance with the predefined conditioning rule comprises the determination of at least one cryptographic check value (PW) as a function of the acquired data.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102007036589A DE102007036589A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 | 2007-08-02 | Method of operating a tachograph and tachograph |
PCT/EP2008/058179 WO2009015952A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 | 2008-06-26 | Method for operating a tachograph and tachograph |
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EP2176839A1 EP2176839A1 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
EP2176839B1 true EP2176839B1 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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EP08774356.3A Active EP2176839B1 (en) | 2007-08-02 | 2008-06-26 | Method for operating a tachograph and tachograph |
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US (1) | US8590778B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2176839B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007036589A1 (en) |
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EP2259231A1 (en) | 2009-06-05 | 2010-12-08 | Stoneridge Electronics AB | Digital tachograph and a method for recording of vehicle related data |
DE102010048324A1 (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-19 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Method and device for evaluating the driving style of a vehicle driver of motor vehicles, in particular commercial vehicles |
DE102016224407A1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-07 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | A method of printing data stored on a tachograph data card |
DE102021213451B4 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-09-21 | Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH | Method for recording driver activity data of a dangerous goods vehicle and fleet management system and driver activity data acquisition unit and tachograph for the fleet management system and motor vehicle |
RU209412U1 (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-16 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "НОВЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ ДРАЙВА" | Digital tachograph |
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US5239470A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1993-08-24 | Yazaki Corporation | Data recording method and device |
DE4103724C2 (en) | 1990-02-08 | 1996-02-29 | Yazaki Corp | Method for the compressed recording of speed parameters in a vehicle and data processing device for carrying out this method |
EP0666550B1 (en) | 1994-02-08 | 1997-05-02 | Belle Gate Investment B.V. | Data exchange system comprising portable data processing units |
US5613012A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1997-03-18 | Smarttouch, Llc. | Tokenless identification system for authorization of electronic transactions and electronic transmissions |
US6718239B2 (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 2004-04-06 | I-Witness, Inc. | Vehicle event data recorder including validation of output |
FR2803677B1 (en) | 2000-01-07 | 2002-06-21 | Gen Trailers France | ROAD VEHICLE CONTROL DEVICE AND ON-BOARD ELECTRONIC SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE |
US20020059075A1 (en) | 2000-05-01 | 2002-05-16 | Schick Louis A. | Method and system for managing a land-based vehicle |
US20040027255A1 (en) | 2002-03-01 | 2004-02-12 | Greenbaum Myron H. | Wideband avionics data retrieval system |
DE10260415A1 (en) * | 2002-12-21 | 2004-07-01 | Volkswagen Ag | Preparing and storing technical data and parameters in motor vehicle involves storing in unified database or in unified data format in enabling export/import as compact data packet |
EP1437690B1 (en) | 2003-01-10 | 2011-07-06 | Continental Automotive GmbH | Data download key for a digital tachograph |
RU2221277C1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-01-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Альтоника" | Vehicle movement parameters registration and restoration system |
RU43988U1 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2005-02-10 | Дьяков Виктор Семенович | TELEMATIC SYSTEM TERMINAL WITH VIDEO IMAGE TRANSFER |
DE102004039942B4 (en) | 2004-08-17 | 2009-01-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and arrangement for storing and retrieving data |
DE102005043335A1 (en) * | 2005-09-12 | 2007-05-16 | Siemens Ag | Arrangement with a tachograph |
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WO2009015952A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
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DE102007036589A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
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