EP2175973A1 - Stirring device for activated sludges - Google Patents

Stirring device for activated sludges

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Publication number
EP2175973A1
EP2175973A1 EP08784897A EP08784897A EP2175973A1 EP 2175973 A1 EP2175973 A1 EP 2175973A1 EP 08784897 A EP08784897 A EP 08784897A EP 08784897 A EP08784897 A EP 08784897A EP 2175973 A1 EP2175973 A1 EP 2175973A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stirring device
stirring
flow
peripheral edge
stirring body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08784897A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2175973B1 (en
Inventor
Marcus HÖFKEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Invent Umwelt und Verfahrenstechnik AG
Original Assignee
Invent Umwelt und Verfahrenstechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Invent Umwelt und Verfahrenstechnik AG filed Critical Invent Umwelt und Verfahrenstechnik AG
Priority to PL08784897T priority Critical patent/PL2175973T3/en
Publication of EP2175973A1 publication Critical patent/EP2175973A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/117—Stirrers provided with conical-shaped elements, e.g. funnel-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/111—Centrifugal stirrers, i.e. stirrers with radial outlets; Stirrers of the turbine type, e.g. with means to guide the flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a stirring device for activated sludge according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a device is known for example from DE 42 18 027 Al or DE 198 26 098 C2.
  • a hyperboloid-like stirring body is attached to a shaft.
  • On an upper side of the stirring body a plurality of radially inclined transport ribs are provided.
  • a flow directed away from the peripheral edge of the stirring body is generated in a stirring medium surrounding liquid medium.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a stirring device with improved stirring efficiency.
  • a flow guiding device surrounding the peripheral edge of the stirring body and relatively fixed to guide the flow generated by the stirring body in a plane extending substantially perpendicular to the shaft.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the stirring efficiency increases with an increasing radial range of the flow directed away from the peripheral edge of the stirring body. It has been observed that as a result of the flow, forms a not inconsiderable suction below the stirring body, which causes a reverse flow opposite to the flow. The return flow slows the flow and inhibits the formation of a wide radial range of the same.
  • the flow generated by the stirring body is guided in a plane extending substantially perpendicular to the shaft, in particular the formation of flow components directed obliquely to the bottom of the basin is counteracted. A mutual influence of the flow and the return flow is reduced. Thus, the radial range of the flow can be significantly improved.
  • the transport ribs expediently form, at least in the region of the peripheral edge with the radial direction, a first skew angle of -30 ° to -90 °, preferably -40 ° to -80 °. With the above-mentioned negative sign before the amount of the first skew angle, it is indicated that this opens with respect to the radial direction opposite to the direction of rotation.
  • the flow-guiding device has an annular gap surrounding the peripheral edge, which is formed by lower and upper flow-guiding means arranged coaxially with the shaft.
  • the flow-guiding means may be made of plastic, in particular fiber-reinforced plastic, or also of metal, preferably of stainless steel, flat elements.
  • the flow-guiding device forms an assembly unit.
  • the upper and lower flow guiding means can be connected to each other via connecting means.
  • the connecting means may be substantially radially extending walls. The provision of such walls contributes to an improved flow tion in the radial direction and thus further to increase the scope of the flow.
  • the connecting means are obliquely extending first inclined walls with respect to the radial direction, which form with the radial direction a second skew angle of + 30 ° to + 90 °, preferably + 40 ° to + 80 °.
  • the positive sign used before the magnitude of the aforementioned second skew angle indicates that the second
  • Inclination angle with respect to the radial direction in the direction of rotation opens.
  • the second skew angle is particularly chosen so that it is directed substantially parallel to the flow generated by the stirring body. As a result, a deflection of the flow is avoided. This can further improve the radial range of the flow.
  • the lower flow-guiding means is an annular disc extending substantially parallel to the plane.
  • a breakthrough provided in the center of the annular disk allows passage of the liquid medium flowing back at the bottom of the tank into the area of action of the stirring body and thus its acceleration in a radially outward-pointing direction.
  • support elements for supporting on a bottom of the basin may be provided, such that a further annular gap is formed between the bottom and the lower fluid.
  • the further annular gap allows the substantially unimpeded formation of the return flow in a region below the stirring body.
  • the support means may essentially be radially extending further walls. Such other walls set the return flow against a low flow resistance and thus contribute to the formation of a flow with an improved range at.
  • the negative sign in front of the amount of the aforementioned third skew angle again indicates that it opens with respect to the radial direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the stirring body.
  • the proposed skew of the second inclined walls is chosen in particular so that it runs parallel to the direction of a ground-level return flow. This avoids a deflection of the return flow. As a result, the return flow is counteracted with the least possible resistance, which in turn allows the radial range of the flow to be increased.
  • a gap width of the annular gap running essentially parallel to the shaft widens toward the peripheral edge of the stirring body.
  • the annular gap forms an annular nozzle with which the flow directed away from the peripheral edge of the stirring body is guided not only in a plane substantially parallel to the pelvic floor, but also accelerated in this plane. This again contributes significantly to the improvement of the radial range of the flow.
  • the transport ribs can bend towards the peripheral edge from an approximately radial direction in an opposite to the direction of rotation directed approximately tangential direction. Further, they may extend only in an outer radial portion of the upper side. In this embodiment, one of Peripheral edge of the stirring body directed away flow can be generated at a particularly high speed.
  • a plurality of substantially radially extending shear ribs are provided on a further underside opposite the upper side.
  • a height of the shear ribs may increase towards the peripheral edge of the stirring body.
  • Such shear ribs serve to distribute air, which can be supplied via an air supply line in the region below the stirring body. This can do that
  • Stirrer surrounding liquid medium are not only efficiently transported with a high reach in a radial direction, but it can also be mixed with the finest air bubbles.
  • 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a stirring device
  • FIG. 2 is a complete cross-sectional view of the stirring device of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the stirring device
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of another stirring device.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view of a hyperboloid-like stirring body 1, which is fixed to a shaft 2.
  • a radially outer portion transport ribs 3 which extend to a peripheral edge UM.
  • the transport ribs 3 initially run in a substantially radial direction and then bend counter to a direction of rotation R in an in Substantial tangential direction.
  • Shear ribs 4 are provided on an underside U in the vicinity of the peripheral edge UM, the height of which increases in a radially outward-pointing direction.
  • the stirring body 1 is formed from a hyperboloid-shaped stirring body wall 5. He therefore has on its underside U a funnel-like recess 6.
  • the peripheral edge UM of the stirring body 1 is surrounded by a flow guiding device 7.
  • the flow guiding device 7 consists of a lower annular disc 8 and an annular disk-like flow guide element 9 arranged above it, which is held at a distance from the annular disc 8 by means of radially extending walls 10. Between the annular disc 8 and the flow guide 9, an annular gap 11 is formed, which surrounds the peripheral edge UM.
  • the flow guiding element 9 is bent upward in a direction pointing toward the shaft 2, so that the annular gap 11 widens in a direction towards the peripheral edge UM.
  • the annular disc 8 is over more walls
  • the function of the stirring device is the following:
  • the return flow RS which is also directed essentially parallel to the bottom B, enters the flow guiding device 7 through the lower annular gap 13 and is then deflected by the action of the stirring body 1 in order to emerge again from the annular gap 11 with the flow S.
  • air supply line of the recess 6 air can be supplied.
  • the air supply line can extend substantially parallel to the bottom B and bend below the shaft 2 in the direction of the recess 6.
  • the medium flowing back according to the return flow RS can be mixed with the supplied air at the exit through the annular gap 11 by means of the shear ribs 4. It then passes through the annular gap 11, a liquid medium containing finest air bubbles.
  • the flow S and the return flow RS are guided in parallel planes lying one above the other. This reduces interactions between the two flows S, RS. A radial range of the flow S and thus the efficiency of the stirring device are improved.
  • Fig. 4 shows a plan view of another stirring device.
  • the reference character ⁇ denotes a first skew angle. net, which is formed between a portion of the transport ribs 3 in the region of the peripheral edge UM and a radial direction RR.
  • the first skew angle ⁇ is in a range of -30 ° to -90 °, here about at -45 °.
  • the further stirring device differs from the stirring device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 essentially by an oblique position of the walls 5 and of the further walls 12.
  • First oblique walls 10a are indicated in FIG. 4 by long broken lines. They connect the flow guide 9 with the washer 8 arranged underneath.
  • the horizontally extending first inclined walls 10a form with a radial direction RR a second skew angle ⁇ of + 30 ° to + 90 °, in this case approximately + 45 °.
  • Second inclined walls 12a support the annular disc 8 with respect to the bottom B from.
  • the also horizontally arranged second inclined walls 12a form with the radial direction RR a third skew angle Y in the range of -30 ° to -90 °, here about from -45 °.
  • the first oblique walls 10a extend approximately perpendicular to the second oblique walls 12a.
  • the flow S generated by the stirring body 1 runs approximately parallel to the first inclined walls 10a.
  • the return flow RS runs approximately parallel to the second inclined walls 12a.
  • first inclined walls 10a are not arranged parallel to one another.
  • An annular gap section formed by the first inclined walls 10a widens in the radial direction.
  • the velocity of the flow through the annular gap portion decreases in the radial direction.
  • an auxiliary wall 10b may be provided, which parallel to the first inclined wall 10a arranged opposite to the direction of rotation R runs and with the next first inclined wall 10a near the peripheral edge UM has a common edge.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a stirring device for activated sludges comprising a hyperboloid stirring body (1) attached to a shaft (2), wherein a plurality of transport ribs (3) are provided on the top (O) of the stirring body (1) running toward the circumferential boundary (UM) thereof, wherein the transport ribs (3) have an oblique course, at least in sections, relative to a radial direction, and wherein the oblique position of the transport ribs (3) is selected such that, when the stirring body (1) rotates in a predetermined rotational direction (R), a flow (S) is generated that is directed outward away from the circumferential boundary (UM) of the stirring body (1). In order to improve the efficiency of the stirring device, the invention proposes that a flow guidance device (7) for guiding the flow (S) generated by the stirring body (1) be provided in a plane running substantially perpendicular to the shaft (2), said flow guidance device surrounding the circumferential boundary (UM) of the stirring body (1) and being relatively fixed thereto.

Description

Rührvorrichtung für BelebtschlämmeStirring device for activated sludge
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rührvorrichtung für Belebtschläm- me nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a stirring device for activated sludge according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Eine solche Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise aus der DE 42 18 027 Al oder der DE 198 26 098 C2 bekannt. Bei der bekannten Rührvorrichtung ist ein hyperboloidartiger Rührkörper an ei- ner Welle angebracht. An einer Oberseite des Rührkörpers sind mehrere radial schräg verlaufende Transportrippen vorgesehen. Bei einer Rotation des Rührkörpers wird wegen dessen hyperboloidartiger Form sowie wegen der Wirkung der Transportrippen eine vom Umfangsrand des Rührkörpers weg gerichtete Strömung in einem Rührkörper umgebenden flüssigen Medium erzeugt.Such a device is known for example from DE 42 18 027 Al or DE 198 26 098 C2. In the known stirring device, a hyperboloid-like stirring body is attached to a shaft. On an upper side of the stirring body a plurality of radially inclined transport ribs are provided. During a rotation of the stirring body, due to its hyperboloidal shape and due to the action of the transport ribs, a flow directed away from the peripheral edge of the stirring body is generated in a stirring medium surrounding liquid medium.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Rührvorrichtung mit verbesserter Rühreffizienz anzugeben.The invention is based on the object to provide a stirring device with improved stirring efficiency.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by features of claim 1.
Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen 2 bis 14.Advantageous embodiments emerge from the claims 2 to 14.
Nach Maßgabe der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass eine den Um- fangsrand des Rührkörpers umgebende und dazu relativ feststehende Strömungsführungseinrichtung zum Führen der vom Rührkörper erzeugten Strömung in einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Welle verlaufenden Ebene vorgesehen ist. Damit kann auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise die Rühreffizienz verbes- sert werden.According to the invention, provision is made for a flow guiding device surrounding the peripheral edge of the stirring body and relatively fixed to guide the flow generated by the stirring body in a plane extending substantially perpendicular to the shaft. Thus, the stirring efficiency can be improved in a simple and cost-effective manner.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zu Grunde, dass die Rühreffizienz mit einer zunehmenden radialen Tragweite der vom Umfangsrand des Rührkörpers weg gerichteten Strömung zunimmt . Es ist beobachtet worden, dass sich infolge der Strömung un- terhalb des Rührkörpers ein nicht unbeachtlicher Sog ausbildet, der eine der Strömung entgegengesetzte Rückströmung verursacht. Die Rückströmung bremst die Strömung und hemmt die Ausbildung einer weiten radialen Tragweite derselben.The invention is based on the finding that the stirring efficiency increases with an increasing radial range of the flow directed away from the peripheral edge of the stirring body. It has been observed that as a result of the flow, forms a not inconsiderable suction below the stirring body, which causes a reverse flow opposite to the flow. The return flow slows the flow and inhibits the formation of a wide radial range of the same.
Indem erfindungsgemäß mittels der vorgeschlagenen Strömungs- führungseinrichtung die vom Rührkörper erzeugte Strömung in einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Welle verlaufenden Ebene geführt wird, wird insbesondere der Ausbildung von schräg zum Beckenboden gerichteten Strömungskomponenten entgegengewirkt. Eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung der Strömung und der Rückströmung wird vermindert. Damit kann die radiale Tragweite der Strömung erheblich verbessert werden.According to the invention, by means of the proposed flow guiding device, the flow generated by the stirring body is guided in a plane extending substantially perpendicular to the shaft, in particular the formation of flow components directed obliquely to the bottom of the basin is counteracted. A mutual influence of the flow and the return flow is reduced. Thus, the radial range of the flow can be significantly improved.
Die Transportrippen bilden zweckmäßigerweise zumindest im Bereich des Umfangsrands mit der Radialrichtung einen ersten Schrägstellungswinkel von -30° bis -90°, vorzugsweise -40° bis -80°. Mit dem vorstehend angegebenen negativen Vorzeichen vor dem Betrag des ersten Schrägstellungswinkels wird ange- zeigt, dass sich dieser bezüglich der Radialrichtung entgegengesetzt zur Rotationsrichtung öffnet.The transport ribs expediently form, at least in the region of the peripheral edge with the radial direction, a first skew angle of -30 ° to -90 °, preferably -40 ° to -80 °. With the above-mentioned negative sign before the amount of the first skew angle, it is indicated that this opens with respect to the radial direction opposite to the direction of rotation.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist die Strömungs- führungseinrichtung einen den Umfangsrand umgebenden Ring- spalt auf, der durch koaxial mit der Welle angeordnete untere und obere Strömungsleitmittel gebildet ist. Bei den Strömungsleitmitteln kann es sich um aus Kunststoff, insbesondere aus mit Fasern verstärktem Kunststoff, oder auch aus Metall, vorzugsweise aus rostfreiem Stahl, hergestellte flächige Ele- mente handeln. Zweckmäßigerweise bildet die Strömungsfüh- rungseinrichtung eine Montageeinheit. Zu diesem Zweck können die oberen und unteren Strömungsleitmittel über Verbindungsmittel miteinander verbunden sein. Die Verbindungsmittel können im Wesentlichen radial verlaufende Wände sein. Das Vorse- hen solcher Wände trägt zu einer verbesserten Strömungsfüh- rung in radialer Richtung und damit weiter zur Erhöhung der Tragweite der Strömung bei.According to an advantageous embodiment, the flow-guiding device has an annular gap surrounding the peripheral edge, which is formed by lower and upper flow-guiding means arranged coaxially with the shaft. The flow-guiding means may be made of plastic, in particular fiber-reinforced plastic, or also of metal, preferably of stainless steel, flat elements. Expediently, the flow-guiding device forms an assembly unit. For this purpose, the upper and lower flow guiding means can be connected to each other via connecting means. The connecting means may be substantially radially extending walls. The provision of such walls contributes to an improved flow tion in the radial direction and thus further to increase the scope of the flow.
Nach einer alternativen Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass die Verbindungsmittel bezüglich der Radialrichtung schräg verlaufende erste Schrägwände sind, welche mit der Radialrichtung einen zweiten Schrägstellungswinkel von +30° bis +90°, vorzugsweise von +40° bis +80°, bilden. Das vor dem Betrag des vorgenannten zweiten Schrägstellungswinkels ver- wendete positive Vorzeichen zeigt an, dass sich der zweiteAccording to an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the connecting means are obliquely extending first inclined walls with respect to the radial direction, which form with the radial direction a second skew angle of + 30 ° to + 90 °, preferably + 40 ° to + 80 °. The positive sign used before the magnitude of the aforementioned second skew angle indicates that the second
Schrägstellungswinkel bezüglich der Radialrichtung in Rotationsrichtung öffnet. Der zweite Schrägstellungswinkel ist insbesondere so gewählt, dass er im Wesentlichen parallel zu der vom Rührkörper erzeugten Strömung gerichtet ist. Infolgedes- sen wird eine Umlenkung der Strömung vermieden. Damit kann weiter die radiale Tragweite der Strömung verbessert werden.Inclination angle with respect to the radial direction in the direction of rotation opens. The second skew angle is particularly chosen so that it is directed substantially parallel to the flow generated by the stirring body. As a result, a deflection of the flow is avoided. This can further improve the radial range of the flow.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist das untere Strömungsleitmittel eine im Wesentlichen parallel zur Ebene sich er- streckende Ringscheibe. Ein im Zentrum der Ringscheibe vorgesehener Durchbruch ermöglicht einen Durchtritt des am Boden des Beckens zurückströmenden flüssigen Mediums in den Wirkungsbereich des Rührkörpers und damit dessen Beschleunigung in eine radial nach außen weisende Richtung.According to a further embodiment, the lower flow-guiding means is an annular disc extending substantially parallel to the plane. A breakthrough provided in the center of the annular disk allows passage of the liquid medium flowing back at the bottom of the tank into the area of action of the stirring body and thus its acceleration in a radially outward-pointing direction.
An einer dem oberen Strömungsmittel abgewandten Unterseite des unteren Strömungsmittels können Stützelemente zum Abstützen auf einem Boden des Beckens vorgesehen sein, derart, dass zwischen dem Boden und dem unteren Strömungsmittel ein weite- rer Ringspalt gebildet ist. Der weitere Ringspalt ermöglicht die im Wesentlichen ungehinderte Ausbildung der Rückströmung in einen Bereich unterhalb des Rührkörpers .On an underside of the lower fluid facing away from the upper fluid, support elements for supporting on a bottom of the basin may be provided, such that a further annular gap is formed between the bottom and the lower fluid. The further annular gap allows the substantially unimpeded formation of the return flow in a region below the stirring body.
Bei den Stützmitteln kann es sich im Wesentlichen um radial verlaufende weitere Wände handeln. Derartige weitere Wände setzen der Rückströmung einen geringen Strömungswiderstand entgegen und tragen damit zur Ausbildung einer Strömung mit einer verbesserten Tragweite bei.The support means may essentially be radially extending further walls. Such other walls set the return flow against a low flow resistance and thus contribute to the formation of a flow with an improved range at.
Nach einer alternativen Ausgestaltung sind die Stützmittel bezüglich der Radialrichtung schräg verlaufende zweite Schrägwände, die mit der Radialrichtung einen dritten Schräg- stellungswinkel von -30° bis -90°, vorzugsweise von -40° bis -80°, bilden. Das negative Vorzeichen vor dem Betrag des vor- genannten dritten Schrägstellungswinkels zeigt wiederum an, dass sich dieser bezüglich der Radialrichtung entgegen der Rotationsrichtung des Rührkörpers öffnet. Die vorgeschlagene Schrägstellung der zweiten Schrägwände ist insbesondere so gewählt, dass sie parallel zur Richtung einer bodennahen Rückströmung verläuft. Damit wird eine Umlenkung der Rückströmung vermieden. Der Rückströmung wird infolgedessen ein möglichst geringer Widerstand entgegengesetzt, wodurch wiederum die radiale Tragweite der Strömung erhöht werden kann.According to an alternative embodiment, the support means with respect to the radial direction obliquely extending second oblique walls, the radial direction with a third skew angle of -30 ° to -90 °, preferably from -40 ° to -80 °, form. The negative sign in front of the amount of the aforementioned third skew angle again indicates that it opens with respect to the radial direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the stirring body. The proposed skew of the second inclined walls is chosen in particular so that it runs parallel to the direction of a ground-level return flow. This avoids a deflection of the return flow. As a result, the return flow is counteracted with the least possible resistance, which in turn allows the radial range of the flow to be increased.
Nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung erweitert sich eine im Wesentlichen parallel zur Welle verlaufende Spaltweite des Ringspalts zum Umfangsrand des Rührkörpers hin. In diesem Fall bildet der Ringspalt eine Ringdüse, mit der die vom Umfangsrand des Rührkörpers weg gerichtete Strö- mung nicht nur in einer Ebene im Wesentlichen parallel zum Beckenboden geführt, sondern auch in dieser Ebene beschleunigt wird. Das trägt nochmals erheblich zur Verbesserung der radialen Tragweite der Strömung bei.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, a gap width of the annular gap running essentially parallel to the shaft widens toward the peripheral edge of the stirring body. In this case, the annular gap forms an annular nozzle with which the flow directed away from the peripheral edge of the stirring body is guided not only in a plane substantially parallel to the pelvic floor, but also accelerated in this plane. This again contributes significantly to the improvement of the radial range of the flow.
Die Transportrippen können zum Umfangsrand hin von einer etwa radialen Richtung in eine entgegen der Rotationsrichtung gerichtete etwa tangentiale Richtung umbiegen. Sie können sich ferner lediglich in einem äußeren radialen Abschnitt der Oberseite erstrecken. In dieser Ausgestaltung kann eine vom Umfangsrand des Rührkörpers weg gerichtete Strömung mit einer besonders hohen Geschwindigkeit erzeugt werden.The transport ribs can bend towards the peripheral edge from an approximately radial direction in an opposite to the direction of rotation directed approximately tangential direction. Further, they may extend only in an outer radial portion of the upper side. In this embodiment, one of Peripheral edge of the stirring body directed away flow can be generated at a particularly high speed.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung sind an einer der Oberseite gegenüberliegenden weiteren Unterseite mehrere im Wesentlichen radial verlaufende Scherrippen vorgesehen. Eine Höhe der Scherrippen kann zum Umfangsrand des Rührkörpers hin zunehmen. Derartige Scherrippen dienen der Verteilung von Luft, welche über eine Luftzuführleitung in den Bereich unterhalb des Rührkörpers zugeführt werden kann. Damit kann das denAccording to a further embodiment, a plurality of substantially radially extending shear ribs are provided on a further underside opposite the upper side. A height of the shear ribs may increase towards the peripheral edge of the stirring body. Such shear ribs serve to distribute air, which can be supplied via an air supply line in the region below the stirring body. This can do that
Rührkörper umgebende flüssige Medium nicht nur effizient mit einer hohen Tragweite in eine radiale Richtung befördert werden, sondern es kann auch mit feinsten Luftblasen versetzt werden .Stirrer surrounding liquid medium are not only efficiently transported with a high reach in a radial direction, but it can also be mixed with the finest air bubbles.
Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Teilquerschnittsansicht einer Rührvorrichtung,1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a stirring device,
Fig. 2 eine vollständige Querschnittsansicht der Rührvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1,2 is a complete cross-sectional view of the stirring device of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Rührvorrichtung undFig. 3 is a perspective view of the stirring device and
Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Rührvorrichtung.Fig. 4 is a plan view of another stirring device.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines hyperboloidartigen Rührkörpers 1, der an einer Welle 2 befestigt ist. An einerFig. 1 shows a side view of a hyperboloid-like stirring body 1, which is fixed to a shaft 2. At a
Oberseite O des Rührkörpers 1 sind einem radial außenliegenden Abschnitt Transportrippen 3 vorgesehen, welche sich bis zu einem Umfangsrand UM erstrecken. Die Transportrippen 3 verlaufen zunächst in einer im Wesentlichen radialen Richtung und biegen dann entgegen einer Rotationsrichtung R in eine im Wesentlichen tangentiale Richtung um. An einer Unterseite U sind in der Nähe des Umfangsrands UM Scherrippen 4 vorgesehen, deren Höhe in einer radial nach außen weisende Richtung zunimmt. Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, ist der Rührkörper 1 aus einer hyperboloidartig geformten Rührkörper- Wand 5 gebildet. Er weist also an seiner Unterseite U eine trichterartige Ausnehmung 6 auf .O top of the stirring body 1 are provided a radially outer portion transport ribs 3, which extend to a peripheral edge UM. The transport ribs 3 initially run in a substantially radial direction and then bend counter to a direction of rotation R in an in Substantial tangential direction. Shear ribs 4 are provided on an underside U in the vicinity of the peripheral edge UM, the height of which increases in a radially outward-pointing direction. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the stirring body 1 is formed from a hyperboloid-shaped stirring body wall 5. He therefore has on its underside U a funnel-like recess 6.
Wie aus den Fig. 1 bis 3 hervorgeht, ist der Umfangsrand UM des Rührkörpers 1 von einer Strömungsführungseinrichtung 7 umgeben. Die Strömungsführungseinrichtung 7 besteht aus einer unteren Ringscheibe 8 und einem darüber angeordneten ringscheibenartigen Strömungsleitelement 9, welches mittels radial verlaufender Wände 10 in einem Abstand von der Ringscheibe 8 gehalten wird. Zwischen der Ringscheibe 8 und dem Strömungsleitelement 9 ist ein Ringspalt 11 gebildet, welcher den Umfangsrand UM umgibt. Das Strömungsleitelement 9 ist in einer zur Welle 2 hin weisenden Richtung nach oben gebogen, so dass sich der Ringspalt 11 in eine Richtung zum Umfangsrand UM hin erweitert. Die Ringscheibe 8 ist über weitere WändeAs is apparent from FIGS. 1 to 3, the peripheral edge UM of the stirring body 1 is surrounded by a flow guiding device 7. The flow guiding device 7 consists of a lower annular disc 8 and an annular disk-like flow guide element 9 arranged above it, which is held at a distance from the annular disc 8 by means of radially extending walls 10. Between the annular disc 8 and the flow guide 9, an annular gap 11 is formed, which surrounds the peripheral edge UM. The flow guiding element 9 is bent upward in a direction pointing toward the shaft 2, so that the annular gap 11 widens in a direction towards the peripheral edge UM. The annular disc 8 is over more walls
12, welche ebenfalls im Wesentlichen radial verlaufend angeordnet sind, auf einem Boden B eines (hier nicht vollständig gezeigten) Beckens abgestützt. Eine Höhe der weiteren Wände 12 definiert einen weiteren Ringspalt 13 zwischen dem Boden B und der Ringscheibe 8.12, which are also arranged substantially radially extending, supported on a bottom B of a (not fully shown) basin. A height of the further walls 12 defines a further annular gap 13 between the bottom B and the annular disk 8.
Die Funktion der Rührvorrichtung ist folgende:The function of the stirring device is the following:
Durch eine Rotation des Rührkörpers 1 in der Rotationsrich- tung R wird insbesondere durch die Wirkung der Transportrippen 3 eine vom Umfangsrand UM nach außen weg weisende Strömung S erzeugt. Das strömende flüssige Medium, z.B. Klärschlamm, Abwasser oder dgl . , wird durch den Ringspalt 11 gezwungen. Wegen des sich verjüngenden Querschnitts des Ring- spalts 11 wird dabei das strömende Medium beschleunigt. Abge- sehen davon wird der Strömung S eine Richtung aufgezwungen, welche im Wesentlichen parallel zum Boden B verläuft.By a rotation of the stirring body 1 in the direction of rotation R, a flow S pointing away from the peripheral edge UM is generated in particular by the action of the transport ribs 3. The flowing liquid medium, eg sewage sludge, sewage or the like. , is forced through the annular gap 11. Because of the tapering cross section of the annular gap 11, the flowing medium is accelerated. off from this, the flow S is imposed on a direction which runs essentially parallel to the bottom B.
Infolge der sich ausbildenden Strömung S entsteht unterhalb des Rührkörpers 1 ein Sog, welcher wiederum eine der Strömung S entgegengesetzte Rückströmung RS erzeugt. Die ebenfalls im Wesentlichen parallel zum Boden B gerichtete Rückströmung RS tritt durch den unteren Ringspalt 13 in die Strömungsfüh- rungseinrichtung 7 ein und wird dann durch die Wirkung des Rührkörpers 1 umgelenkt, um mit der Strömung S wieder aus dem Ringspalt 11 auszutreten.As a result of the forming flow S creates a suction below the agitator 1, which in turn generates a flow S opposite reverse flow RS. The return flow RS, which is also directed essentially parallel to the bottom B, enters the flow guiding device 7 through the lower annular gap 13 and is then deflected by the action of the stirring body 1 in order to emerge again from the annular gap 11 with the flow S.
Mittels einer (hier nicht gezeigten) Luftzuführleitung kann der Ausnehmung 6 Luft zugeführt werden. Dazu kann die Luftzu- führleitung sich im Wesentlichen parallel zum Boden B erstrecken und unterhalb der Welle 2 in Richtung der Ausnehmung 6 umbiegen. Das gemäß der Rückströmung RS zurückströmende Medium kann beim Austritt durch den Ringspalt 11 mittels der Scherrippen 4 mit der zugeführten Luft vermischt werden. Es tritt dann durch den Ringspalt 11 ein flüssiges Medium aus, welches feinste Luftblasen enthält.By means of a (not shown here) air supply line of the recess 6 air can be supplied. For this purpose, the air supply line can extend substantially parallel to the bottom B and bend below the shaft 2 in the direction of the recess 6. The medium flowing back according to the return flow RS can be mixed with the supplied air at the exit through the annular gap 11 by means of the shear ribs 4. It then passes through the annular gap 11, a liquid medium containing finest air bubbles.
Mit der vorgeschlagenen Strömungsführungseinrichtung 7 werden die Strömung S und die Rückströmung RS in übereinander lie- genden parallelen Ebenen geführt. Damit werden Wechselwirkungen zwischen beiden Strömungen S, RS verringert. Eine radiale Tragweite der Strömung S und damit die Effizienz der Rührvorrichtung werden verbessert.With the proposed flow guiding device 7, the flow S and the return flow RS are guided in parallel planes lying one above the other. This reduces interactions between the two flows S, RS. A radial range of the flow S and thus the efficiency of the stirring device are improved.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Rührvorrichtung. Soweit die Bestandteile der weiteren Rührvorrichtung identisch oder im Wesentlichen ähnlich mit den Bestandteilen der in den Fig. 1 bis 3 gezeigten Rührvorrichtung sind, sind die dort verwendeten Bezugszeichen benutzt worden. Mit dem Bezugszeichen α ist ein erster Schrägstellungswinkel bezeich- net, welcher zwischen einem Abschnitt der Transportrippen 3 im Bereich des Umfangsrands UM und einer Radialrichtung RR gebildet ist. Der erste Schrägstellungswinkel α liegt in einem Bereich von -30° bis -90°, hier etwa bei -45°.Fig. 4 shows a plan view of another stirring device. As far as the components of the further stirring device are identical or substantially similar to the components of the stirring device shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the reference numerals used there have been used. The reference character α denotes a first skew angle. net, which is formed between a portion of the transport ribs 3 in the region of the peripheral edge UM and a radial direction RR. The first skew angle α is in a range of -30 ° to -90 °, here about at -45 °.
Die weitere Rührvorrichtung unterscheidet sich von der in Fig. 1 bis 3 gezeigten Rührvorrichtung im Wesentlichen durch eine Schrägstellung der Wände 5 sowie der weiteren Wände 12. Erste Schrägwände 10a sind in Fig. 4 mit langen unterbroche- nen Linien angedeutet. Sie verbinden das Strömungsleitelement 9 mit der darunter angeordneten Ringscheibe 8. Die horizontal verlaufenden ersten Schrägwände 10a bilden mit einer Radialrichtung RR einen zweiten Schrägstellungswinkel ß von +30° bis +90°, hier etwa von +45°. Zweite Schrägwände 12a stützen die Ringscheibe 8 gegenüber dem Boden B ab. Die ebenfalls horizontal angeordneten zweiten Schrägwände 12a bilden mit der Radialrichtung RR einen dritten Schrägstellungswinkel Y im Bereich von -30° bis -90°, hier etwa von -45°.The further stirring device differs from the stirring device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 essentially by an oblique position of the walls 5 and of the further walls 12. First oblique walls 10a are indicated in FIG. 4 by long broken lines. They connect the flow guide 9 with the washer 8 arranged underneath. The horizontally extending first inclined walls 10a form with a radial direction RR a second skew angle β of + 30 ° to + 90 °, in this case approximately + 45 °. Second inclined walls 12a support the annular disc 8 with respect to the bottom B from. The also horizontally arranged second inclined walls 12a form with the radial direction RR a third skew angle Y in the range of -30 ° to -90 °, here about from -45 °.
Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, verlaufen die ersten Schrägwände 10a in etwa senkrecht zu den zweiten Schrägwänden 12a. Die vom Rührkörper 1 erzeugte Strömung S verläuft etwa parallel zu den ersten Schrägwänden 10a. Die Rückströmung RS verläuft etwa parallel zu den zweiten Schrägwänden 12a.As can be seen from FIG. 4, the first oblique walls 10a extend approximately perpendicular to the second oblique walls 12a. The flow S generated by the stirring body 1 runs approximately parallel to the first inclined walls 10a. The return flow RS runs approximately parallel to the second inclined walls 12a.
Wie weiter aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, sind insbesondere die ersten Schrägwände 10a nicht parallel zueinander angeordnet. Ein durch die ersten Schrägwände 10a gebildeter Ringspaltabschnitt erweitert sich in radialer Richtung. Infolgedessen nimmt die Geschwindigkeit der Strömung durch den Ringspaltabschnitt in radialer Richtung ab. Um diesem Nachteil entgegenzuwirken und eine besonders hohe Tragweite der Strömung S zu erreichen, kann nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung eine Hilfs- wand 10b vorgesehen sein, welche parallel zu der entgegen der Rotationsrichtung R angeordneten ersten Schrägwand 10a ver- läuft und mit der nächstfolgenden ersten Schrägwand 10a in der Nähe des Umfangsrands UM eine gemeinsame Kante hat. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung wird erreicht, dass eine Eintrittsfläche eines Ringspaltabschnitts in der Nähe des Umfangsrands UM in etwa einer Austrittsfläche des Ringspaltabschnitts entspricht. Damit kann eine Verlangsamung der Strömung S beim Durchtritt durch den Ringspalt 11 vermieden werden. As can further be seen from FIG. 4, in particular the first inclined walls 10a are not arranged parallel to one another. An annular gap section formed by the first inclined walls 10a widens in the radial direction. As a result, the velocity of the flow through the annular gap portion decreases in the radial direction. To counteract this disadvantage and to achieve a particularly high range of flow S, according to a further embodiment, an auxiliary wall 10b may be provided, which parallel to the first inclined wall 10a arranged opposite to the direction of rotation R runs and with the next first inclined wall 10a near the peripheral edge UM has a common edge. With this configuration it is achieved that an entrance surface of an annular gap section in the vicinity of the peripheral edge UM corresponds approximately to an exit surface of the annular gap section. Thus, a slowing of the flow S during passage through the annular gap 11 can be avoided.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Rührkörper1 stirring element
2 Welle 3 Transportrippe2 shaft 3 transport rib
4 Scherrippe4 shear rib
5 Wand5 wall
6 Ausnehmung6 recess
7 Strömungsführungseinrichtung 8 Ringscheibe7 flow guide device 8 annular disc
9 Strömungsleitelement9 flow guide
10 Wand10 wall
10a erste Schrägwand10a first sloping wall
10b Hilfswand 11 Ringspalt10b auxiliary wall 11 annular gap
12 weitere Wand12 more wall
12a zweite Schrägwand12a second oblique wall
13 weiterer Ringspalt13 further annular gap
O OberseiteO top
UM UmfangsrandUM peripheral edge
U UnterseiteU bottom
R RotationsrichtungR rotation direction
S Strömung RS RückströmungS flow RS return flow
B BodenB floor
RR Radialrichtung α erster Schrägstellungswinkel ß zweiter Schrägstellungswinkel Y dritter Schrägstellungswinkel RR radial direction α first skew angle β second skew angle Y third skew angle

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Rührvorrichtung für Belebtschlämme mit einem an einer Welle (2) angebrachten, hyperboloidartig ausgebildeten Rühr- körper (1) ,1. agitating device for activated sludge having a hyperboloid-like agitating body (1) attached to a shaft (2),
wobei an einer Oberseite (O) des Rührkörpers (1) mehrere zu dessen Umfangsrand (UM) hin verlaufende Transportrippen (3) vorgesehen sind,wherein on an upper side (O) of the stirring body (1) a plurality of its peripheral edge (UM) extending towards transport ribs (3) are provided,
wobei die Transportrippen (3) zumindest abschnittsweise bezüglich einer Radialrichtung schräg verlaufen undwherein the transport ribs (3) extend obliquely at least in sections with respect to a radial direction, and
wobei eine erste Schrägstellung der Transportrippen (3) so gewählt ist, dass bei einer Rotation des Rührkörpers (1) in einer vorgegebenen Rotationsrichtung (R) eine vom Umfangsrand (UM) des Rührkörpers (1) nach außen weg gerichtete Strömung (S) erzeugt wird,wherein a first inclined position of the transport ribs (3) is selected so that during a rotation of the stirring body (1) in a predetermined direction of rotation (R) from the peripheral edge (UM) of the stirring body (1) outwardly directed flow (S) is generated .
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
eine den Umfangsrand (UM) des Rührkörpers (1) umgebende und dazu relativ feststehende Strömungsführungseinrichtung (7) zum Führen der vom Rührkörper (1) erzeugten Strömung (S) in einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Welle (2) verlaufenden Ebene vorgesehen ist.a flow guide device (7) surrounding the peripheral edge (UM) of the agitating body (1) and relatively stationary, for guiding the flow (S) generated by the stirring body (1) in a plane substantially perpendicular to the shaft (2).
2. Rührvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Transportrippen zumindest im Bereich des Umfangsrands (UM) mit der Radi- alrichtung einen ersten Schrägstellungswinkel (α) von -30° bis -90°, vorzugsweise von -40° bis -80°, bilden.2. Stirring device according to claim 1, wherein the transport ribs at least in the region of the peripheral edge (UM) with the Radi alrichtung a first skew angle (α) of -30 ° to -90 °, preferably from -40 ° to -80 ° form.
3. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Strömungsführungseinrichtung (7) einen den Umfangs- rand (UM) umgebenden Ringspalt (11) aufweist, der durch ko- axial mit der Welle (2) angeordnete untere und obere Strö- mungsleitmittel gebildet ist.3. stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow guiding device (7) has a peripheral edge (UM) surrounding annular gap (11) which axially and with the shaft (2) arranged lower and upper flow guiding means is formed.
4. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die oberen und unteren Strömungsleitmittel über Verbindungsmittel miteinander verbunden sind.4. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper and lower Strömungsleitmittel are connected to each other via connecting means.
5. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Verbindungsmittel im Wesentlichen radial verlaufen- de Wände (10) sind.5. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting means are substantially radially extending de walls (10).
6. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Verbindungsmittel bezüglich der Radialrichtung schräg verlaufende erste Schrägwände (10a) sind, welche mit der Radialrichtung einen zweiten Schrägstellungswinkel (ß) von +30° bis +90°, vorzugsweise von +40° bis + 80°, bilden.6. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting means with respect to the radial direction obliquely extending first inclined walls (10 a) which with the radial direction a second skew angle (ß) of + 30 ° to + 90 °, preferably from + 40 ° to + 80 °, form.
7. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das untere Strömungsleitmittel eine im Wesentlichen pa- rallel zur Ebene sich erstreckende Ringscheibe (8) ist.7. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lower Strömungsleitmittel is a substantially parallel to the plane extending annular disc (8).
8. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei an einer dem oberen Strömungsleitmittel (9) abgewandten Unterseite des unteren Strömungsleitmittels Stützelemente zum Abstützen auf einem Boden (B) eines Beckens vorgesehen sind, derart, dass zwischen dem Boden (B) und dem unteren Strömungsleitmittel ein weiterer Ringspalt (13) gebildet ist.8. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at one of the upper Strömungsleitmittel (9) facing away from the lower Strömungsleitmittels support elements for supporting on a bottom (B) of a basin are provided such that between the bottom (B) and the lower Strömungsleitmittel a further annular gap (13) is formed.
9. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Stützmittel im Wesentlichen radial verlaufende weitere Wände (12) sind.9. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support means are substantially radially extending further walls (12).
10. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Stützmittel bezüglich der Radialrichtung schräg verlaufende zweite Schrägwände (10b) sind, die mit der Radi- alrichtung einen dritten Schrägstellungswinkel (y) von -30° bis -90°, vorzugsweise von -40° bis -80°, bilden.10. stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support means with respect to the radial direction obliquely extending second inclined walls (10 b), which with the Radi- a third skew angle (y) from -30 ° to -90 °, preferably from -40 ° to -80 ° form.
11. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine im Wesentlichen parallel zur Welle (3) verlaufende Spaltweite des Ringspalts (11) sich zum Umfangsrand (UM) des Rührkörpers (1) hin erweitert.11. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a substantially parallel to the shaft (3) extending gap width of the annular gap (11) widens towards the peripheral edge (UM) of the stirring body (1).
12. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Transportrippen (3) zum Umfangsrand (UM) hin von einer etwa radialen Richtung in eine entgegen der Rotationsrichtung (R) gerichtete etwa tangentiale Richtung umbiegen.12. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transport ribs (3) to the peripheral edge (UM) bend from an approximately radial direction in an opposite to the direction of rotation (R) directed approximately tangential direction.
13. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Transportrippen (3) sich lediglich in einem äußeren radialen Abschnitt der Oberseite (O) erstrecken.13. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transport ribs (3) extend only in an outer radial portion of the upper side (O).
14. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei an einer der Oberseite (O) gegenüberliegenden weiteren Unterseite (U) mehrere im Wesentlichen radial verlaufende Scherrippen (4) vorgesehen sind.14. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on one of the upper side (O) opposite another underside (U) a plurality of substantially radially extending shear ribs (4) are provided.
15. Rührvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Höhe der Scherrippen (4) zum Umfangsrand (UM) des Rührkörpers (1) hin zunimmt. 15. Stirring device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a height of the shear ribs (4) to the peripheral edge (UM) of the stirring body (1) increases towards.
EP08784897A 2007-08-09 2008-07-18 Stirring device for activated sludges Not-in-force EP2175973B1 (en)

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WO2020030596A1 (en) * 2018-08-06 2020-02-13 Invent Umwelt- Und Verfahrenstechnik Ag Submersible agitator device for circulating drinking water
US11786873B2 (en) 2018-08-06 2023-10-17 Invent Umwelt—Und Verfahrenstechnik Ag Submersible agitator device for circulating drinking water

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CN101778665A (en) 2010-07-14
EP2175973B1 (en) 2011-05-25
BRPI0814951B1 (en) 2018-11-06
PL2175973T3 (en) 2011-10-31
JP2010535610A (en) 2010-11-25
CN101778665B (en) 2013-01-16
WO2009018915A1 (en) 2009-02-12
ATE510613T1 (en) 2011-06-15
JP5307812B2 (en) 2013-10-02
ZA201000605B (en) 2010-09-29
ES2366873T3 (en) 2011-10-26
DK2175973T3 (en) 2011-08-29
US20100196165A1 (en) 2010-08-05
IL203596A (en) 2013-01-31
EG25611A (en) 2012-03-20
BRPI0814951A2 (en) 2015-01-27

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