EP2173507A1 - Method and device for producing a tubular solid body from a refractory tungsten-heavy metal alloy, particularly as a semi-finished product for the production of a penetrator for a kinetic energy projectile with fragmentation effect - Google Patents

Method and device for producing a tubular solid body from a refractory tungsten-heavy metal alloy, particularly as a semi-finished product for the production of a penetrator for a kinetic energy projectile with fragmentation effect

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Publication number
EP2173507A1
EP2173507A1 EP08784808A EP08784808A EP2173507A1 EP 2173507 A1 EP2173507 A1 EP 2173507A1 EP 08784808 A EP08784808 A EP 08784808A EP 08784808 A EP08784808 A EP 08784808A EP 2173507 A1 EP2173507 A1 EP 2173507A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filling
filler
metal powder
producing
solid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08784808A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2173507B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus-Dieter Beister
René OUDELHOVEN
Michael Vagedes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Publication of EP2173507A1 publication Critical patent/EP2173507A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2173507B1 publication Critical patent/EP2173507B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/02—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges
    • F42B33/0214—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges by casting
    • F42B33/0242—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges by casting by pressure casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1035—Liquid phase sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • Method and device for producing a tubular solid body from a high-melting tungsten heavy metal alloy in particular as a semi-finished product for the manufacture of a penetrator for a balancing projectile with splinter effect
  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a tubular solid from a high-melting tungsten heavy metal alloy, in particular as a semi-finished product for the manufacture of a penetrator for a balancing projectile with splinter effect.
  • KE penetrators Balancing bullets with a massive penetrator made of WSM (tungsten heavy metal) are known. These so-called KE penetrators are optimized for a maximum penetration depth on tank targets and serve to combat enemy battle tanks.
  • WSM tungsten heavy metal
  • tubular penetrators are used for special ammunition, such as PELE, ALP or WSM explosive projectile. These are to avoid possible collateral damage of a penetrator, for example, when penetrating a wall or the like.
  • penetrators are previously made of solid rods, which are subsequently processed by deep hole drilling, so as to be hollowed out or pierced. This process is technically very complicated and not economical.
  • a method for producing such a full penetrator is known, for example, from DE 10 2005 049 748 A1.
  • For low-cost production of such a penetrator is introduced into a, adapted to the outer dimensions of the penetrator concentric with the dimension of the Penetratorkems Doppeltrichterein colllvorraum, creating a gap is created.
  • a first tungsten-like powder mixture is filled with high tungsten content for producing the Penetratorkems
  • a second tungsten-containing powder mixture is introduced into the annular space, which has a lower tungsten content compared to the other powder mixture.
  • the invention has the object to show a cost-effective method and apparatus for performing this method for the production of WSM tubes, as a semi-finished product for the production of, for example, penetrators for balancing projectiles with fragmentation.
  • the invention is based on the idea to produce such pipes or tubular penetrators, in which both ends can be open or closed, in the sintering process without reworking the inner contour.
  • Sintering is done with an internal medium in the blank, which can be easily removed after sintering.
  • a uniform shrinkage as known in solid bars, achieved by appropriate pressing process and temperature characteristics during sintering.
  • the material properties are set by the alloy composition and characterized by heat treatment and, if necessary, mechanical forming.
  • the method can be used for small rods for medium caliber ammunition (eg outside 0 22mm, inside 0 15mm), as large bore caliber carbide ammunition and for large rods for full caliber ammunition 120mm (e.g., outside 0120mm, inside 110mm).
  • the material is a tungsten heavy metal alloy.
  • Length and diameter are variable and are currently not limited by the process itself, but rather by conventional manufacturing equipment. But this has the advantage that existing manufacturing equipment can be used.
  • a filling device consisting of an outer tube with a concentrically arranged pressing die and a filling piece with attached filling tube and centering part, is filled with a metal powder mixture.
  • Length and diameter of the outer tube and press die determine the outer contour and the geometry of the filler determines the inner contour of the tubular solid.
  • a plastic centering is attached to one end and at the other end, the centering takes place via a plugged centering with fixedly connected thereto filling tube.
  • a filling of the cavity between see pressing die and filler with a metal powder mixture is made possible through the filling tube.
  • the centering part together with the filling tube is removed from the filling piece.
  • the metal powder mixture is refilled by hand to the desired height above the filler after removing centering and filling tube.
  • the press die is closed with a stopper.
  • the filling device For compacting the metal powder, the filling device is placed in a press plant and pressed into a green compact. This has, depending on the structure of the filling device, after removal from this, the shape of a unilaterally fugitive or open on both sides of the tube.
  • the green compact After pressing, the green compact is sintered in one or more passes, whereby known dimensions from the pressing workpieces with solid properties are produced.
  • tubes are produced for producing penetrators with very good fragmentation, which can be adjusted by the ratio of inner to outer diameter and the corresponding material or material composition.
  • Fig. 2 is a tubular solid body produced by the method with one end closed at one end.
  • FIG. 1a, b show a filling device or mold 1 for producing a tubular solid body 10 which is closed on one side (see FIG. 2).
  • the filling device Fig. 1a consists of an outer tube 2 (preferably made of steel), in which there are holes on the shell and bottom surface at regular intervals.
  • a pressing die 3 preferably made of PU
  • a filler 4 preferably made of metal
  • a filling tube 5 attached to the outer tube 2 .
  • the concentricity of the filler 4 is ensured by a centering disc 6 (preferably made of PU) at the lower end and plugged on the filler centering part 7 of the filling tube 5 at the upper end. Centering 7 and filling tube 5 are firmly connected.
  • the filling device Fig. 1 b For compacting the metal powder, the filling device Fig. 1 b in a hydrostatic pressing system (not shown in detail, as known) placed and at a pressure of about 1500 bar, the metal powder mixture is pressed into a green compact. This has after removal from the filling Fig. 1 b the shape of a tube closed on one side and can be traded without breaking.
  • the pressed tubes are then sintered in one or more passes in an oven (presintering at a temperature between 1400 ° C and 1490 0 C, resintering at a temperature between 1495 ° C and 1570 0 C), so that from the pressing workpieces with solid properties getting produced.
  • the pressed tubes during pre- and post-sintering are subjected to a preselected time-temperature curve, which ensures that forms in a stable tungsten skeleton, a melt of tungsten and the remaining binder elements and evenly shrink in all directions, so that after resuming a geometric desired solid arises, as shown for example in Fig. 2.
  • the solid is subjected to a heat treatment after resintering.
  • a heat treatment after resintering.
  • eg tensile strength, elongation at break and constriction can be adjusted.
  • This is preferably carried out in an annealing process, in which the annealing in a high vacuum below the melting temperature of the binder leads to a phase transformation, which leads to the subsequent quenching, for example in N 2 for fixing the material state and thus the material properties.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tubular solid body for producing an ammunition not shown in detail (for example, a balancing projectile with splinter formation), which has been produced by the method described above and the solid state properties set. has shadow.
  • This has L 9 a predetermined total length and l_ v a length of the solid body and has an inner diameter dj and an outer diameter d a .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a filler device (1) comprising an exterior tube (2) having an extrusion die (3) located therein and a filler piece (4) that is filled with a metal powder mixture in the intermediate space (8) formed between the filler piece (4) and the extrusion die (3), whereupon said intermediate space is closed. In order to compact the metal powder, the filler device (1) is placed in a hydrostatic pressing system and the metal powder mixture is pressed into a green preform. The pressed tubes are subsequently sintered in one or more passes through a furnace, for which purpose the pressed tubes are subjected to a preselected time/temperature progression so as to ensure that a melt of tungsten (W) forms and contracts evenly in all directions such that a geometrically desired solid body results after sintering.

Description

BESCHREIBUNG DESCRIPTION
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines rohrförmigen Festkörpers aus einer hochschmelzenden Wolfram- Schwermetalllegierung, insbesondere als Halbzeug für die Fertigung eines Penetrators für ein Wuchtgeschoss mit SplitterwirkungMethod and device for producing a tubular solid body from a high-melting tungsten heavy metal alloy, in particular as a semi-finished product for the manufacture of a penetrator for a balancing projectile with splinter effect
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines rohrförmigen Festkörpers aus einer hochschmelzenden Wolfram- Schwermetalllegierung, insbesondere als Halbzeug für die Fertigung eines Penetrators für ein Wuchtgeschoss mit Splitterwirkung.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a tubular solid from a high-melting tungsten heavy metal alloy, in particular as a semi-finished product for the manufacture of a penetrator for a balancing projectile with splinter effect.
Bekannt sind Wuchtgeschosse mit einem massiven Penetrator aus WSM (Wolfram Schwermetall). Diese so genannten KE- Penetratoren sind auf eine maximale Eindringtiefe an Panzerzielen optimiert und dienen zur Bekämpfung gegnerischer Kampfpanzer.Balancing bullets with a massive penetrator made of WSM (tungsten heavy metal) are known. These so-called KE penetrators are optimized for a maximum penetration depth on tank targets and serve to combat enemy battle tanks.
Für spezielle Munition, wie beispielsweise PELE, ALP oder WSM- Sprenggeschoss werden, bedingt durch die neuen Anforderungen an diese Munitionen, rohrförmige Penetratoren verwendet. Diese sollen mögliche Kolateralschäden eines Penetrators beispielsweise beim Durchdringen einer Mauer oder dergleichen vermeiden. Derartige Penetratoren werden bisher aus Vollstäben hergestellt, die durch Tieflochbohren nachträglich bearbeitet werden, um so ausgehöhlt oder durchbohrt zu werden. Dieses Verfahren ist technisch sehr aufwändig und nicht wirtschaftlich.For special ammunition, such as PELE, ALP or WSM explosive projectile, due to the new requirements for these ammunition, tubular penetrators are used. These are to avoid possible collateral damage of a penetrator, for example, when penetrating a wall or the like. Such penetrators are previously made of solid rods, which are subsequently processed by deep hole drilling, so as to be hollowed out or pierced. This process is technically very complicated and not economical.
Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Vollpenetrators ist beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2005 049 748 A1 bekannt. Zur kostengünstigen Herstellung eines derartigen Penetrators wird in eine, an die Außenabmessungen des Penetrators konzentrisch an die Abmessung des Penetratorkems angepasste Doppeltrichtereinfüllvorrichtung eingebracht, wodurch ein Zwischenraum geschaffen wird. Während in dem Innenrohr eine erste wolframartige Pulvermischung mit hohem Wolframanteil zur Herstellung des Penetratorkems eingefüllt wird, wird in den ringförmigen Zwischenraum eine zweite wolframhaltige Pulvermischung eingebracht, die gegenüber der anderen Pulvermischung einen geringeren Wolframanteil aufweist. Hier greift die Erfindung die Aufgabe auf, ein kostengünstigeres Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens zur Herstellung von WSM- Rohren, als Halbzeug für die Herstellung von z.B. Penetratoren für Wuchtgeschosse mit Splitterwirkung aufzuzeigen.A method for producing such a full penetrator is known, for example, from DE 10 2005 049 748 A1. For low-cost production of such a penetrator is introduced into a, adapted to the outer dimensions of the penetrator concentric with the dimension of the Penetratorkems Doppeltrichtereinfüllvorrichtung, creating a gap is created. While in the inner tube, a first tungsten-like powder mixture is filled with high tungsten content for producing the Penetratorkems, a second tungsten-containing powder mixture is introduced into the annular space, which has a lower tungsten content compared to the other powder mixture. Here, the invention has the object to show a cost-effective method and apparatus for performing this method for the production of WSM tubes, as a semi-finished product for the production of, for example, penetrators for balancing projectiles with fragmentation.
Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 bzw. 8. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and 8. Advantageous embodiments are contained in the subclaims.
Der Erfindung liegt die Idee zugrunde, derartige Rohre oder rohrförmige Penetratoren, bei denen beide Enden offen oder auch eines geschlossen sein können, im Sinterverfahren ohne Nacharbeit der Innenkontur herzustellen. Gesintert wird mit einem Innenmedium im Rohling, der nach dem Sintern leicht entfernt werden kann. Ein gleichmäßiges Schwinden wird, wie bei Vollstäben bekannt, durch entsprechende Pressverfahren und Temperaturverläufe beim Sintern erreicht. Die Werkstoffeigenschaften werden durch die Legierungszusammensetzung eingestellt und durch Wärmebehandlung sowie ggf. mechanisches Umformen geprägt.The invention is based on the idea to produce such pipes or tubular penetrators, in which both ends can be open or closed, in the sintering process without reworking the inner contour. Sintering is done with an internal medium in the blank, which can be easily removed after sintering. A uniform shrinkage, as known in solid bars, achieved by appropriate pressing process and temperature characteristics during sintering. The material properties are set by the alloy composition and characterized by heat treatment and, if necessary, mechanical forming.
Das Verfahren ist einsetzbar für kleine Stäbe für Mittelkalibermunition (z. B. Außen 0 22mm, Innen 0 15 mm), als unterkalibrige Großkalibermunition und für große Stäbe für Vollkalibermunition 120mm (z.B. Außen 0120mm, Innen 0 110mm). Der Werkstoff ist eine Wolfram- Schwermetall - Legierung.The method can be used for small rods for medium caliber ammunition (eg outside 0 22mm, inside 0 15mm), as large bore caliber carbide ammunition and for large rods for full caliber ammunition 120mm (e.g., outside 0120mm, inside 110mm). The material is a tungsten heavy metal alloy.
Länge und Durchmesser sind variabel und werden derzeit nicht durch das Verfahren selbst, sondern vielmehr durch die herkömmlichen Fertigungsanlagen begrenzt. Das hat aber den Vorteil, dass vorhandene Fertigungsanlagen verwendet werden können.Length and diameter are variable and are currently not limited by the process itself, but rather by conventional manufacturing equipment. But this has the advantage that existing manufacturing equipment can be used.
Zur Herstellung eines solchen rohrförmigen Festkörpers wird eine Einfüllvorrichtung, bestehend aus einem Außenrohr mit konzentrisch angeordneter Pressmatrize sowie ein Füllstück mit aufgestecktem Füllrohr und Zentrierteil, mit einem Metallpulvergemisch befüllt.To produce such a tubular solid, a filling device, consisting of an outer tube with a concentrically arranged pressing die and a filling piece with attached filling tube and centering part, is filled with a metal powder mixture.
Länge und Durchmesser von Außenrohr und Pressmatrize bestimmen die Außenkontur und die Geometrie des Füllstücks bestimmt die Innenkontur des rohrförmigen Festkörpers.Length and diameter of the outer tube and press die determine the outer contour and the geometry of the filler determines the inner contour of the tubular solid.
Zum Zentrieren des Füllstücks in der Pressmatrize ist an einem Ende eine Zentrierscheibe aus Kunststoff befestigt und am anderen Ende findet die Zentrierung über ein aufgestecktes Zentrierteil mit daran fest verbundenem Füllrohr statt. Eine Befüllung des Hohlraumes zwi- sehen Pressmatrize und Füllstück mit einer Metallpulvermischung wird über das Füllrohr ermöglicht. Nach dem Befüllen der Einfüllvorrichtung bis zur Oberkante des Füllstücks wird das Zentrierteil samt Füllrohr vom Füllstück entfernt. Zur Herstellung von rohrförmigen Festkörpern mit einem verschlossenen Ende wird nach dem Entfernen von Zentrierteil und Füllrohr die Metallpulvermischung von Hand bis zu der gewünschten Höhe oberhalb des Füllstücks nachgefüllt. Nach dem Befüllen wird die Pressmatrize mit einem Stopfen verschlossen.For centering the filler in the press die a plastic centering is attached to one end and at the other end, the centering takes place via a plugged centering with fixedly connected thereto filling tube. A filling of the cavity between see pressing die and filler with a metal powder mixture is made possible through the filling tube. After filling the filling device to the upper edge of the filling piece, the centering part together with the filling tube is removed from the filling piece. For the production of tubular solids with a closed end, the metal powder mixture is refilled by hand to the desired height above the filler after removing centering and filling tube. After filling, the press die is closed with a stopper.
Zum Verdichten des Metallpulvers wird die Einfüllvorrichtung in einer Pressanlage platziert und zu einem Grünling gepresst. Dieser hat, je nach Aufbau der Einfüllvorrichtung, nach Entnahme aus dieser, die Form eines einseitig verschossenen oder beidseitig offenen Rohres.For compacting the metal powder, the filling device is placed in a press plant and pressed into a green compact. This has, depending on the structure of the filling device, after removal from this, the shape of a unilaterally fugitive or open on both sides of the tube.
Nach dem Pressen wird der Grünling in einem oder mehreren Durchgängen gesintert, wodurch bekannter Maßen aus dem Pressung Werkstücke mit Festkörpereigenschaften hergestellt werden. Geschaffen werden beispielsweise Rohre zur Herstellung von Penetratoren mit sehr guter Splitterwirkung, die über das Verhältnis von Innen- zum Außendurchmesser und den entsprechenden Werkstoff bzw. die Werkstoffzusammensetzung einstellbar ist.After pressing, the green compact is sintered in one or more passes, whereby known dimensions from the pressing workpieces with solid properties are produced. For example, tubes are produced for producing penetrators with very good fragmentation, which can be adjusted by the ratio of inner to outer diameter and the corresponding material or material composition.
Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels mit Zeichnung soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.Reference to an embodiment with drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail.
Es zeigenShow it
Fig. 1a eine Einfüllvorrichtung im Befüllungszustand,1a a filling device in the filling state,
Fig. Ib die Einfüiivorrichtung im befüllten (geschlossenen) Zustand,1b the insertion device in the filled (closed) state,
Fig. 2 einen nach dem Verfahren hergestellten rohrförmigen Festkörper mit einseitig verschlossenem Ende.Fig. 2 is a tubular solid body produced by the method with one end closed at one end.
Fig. 1a, b zeigen eine Einfüllvorrichtung bzw. -form 1 zur Herstellung eines rohrförmigen, hier einseitig geschlossenen Festkörpers 10, (vgl. Fig. 2).1a, b show a filling device or mold 1 for producing a tubular solid body 10 which is closed on one side (see FIG. 2).
Die Einfüllvorrichtung Fig. 1a besteht aus einem Außenrohr 2 (bevorzugt aus Stahl), bei dem sich auf der Mantel- und Bodenfläche in regelmäßigen Abständen Bohrungen befinden. In diesem Außenrohr 2 sind konzentrisch angebracht eine Pressmatrize 3 (bevorzugt aus PU) ein Füllstück 4 (bevorzugt aus Metall) sowie ein Füllrohr 5 angebracht. Die Konzentrizität des Füllstücks 4 wird gewährleistet durch eine Zentrierscheibe 6 (bevorzugt aus PU) am unteren Ende und dem auf dem Füllstück aufgesteckten Zentrierteil 7 des Füllrohrs 5 am oberen Ende. Zentrierteil 7 und Füllrohr 5 sind fest miteinander verbunden. Befüllt wird dabei ein sich zwischen Pressmatrize 3 und Füllstück 4 ausbildender Zwischenraum 8. Nach dem Befüllen der Einfüllvorrichtung Fig. 1 a mit der Metallpulvermischung bis zum oberen Ende des Füllstücks 4 wird Zentrierteil 7 samt Füllrohr 5 vom Füllstück 4 entfernt und anschließend wird von Hand Metallpulvermischung nachgefüllt und die Pressmatrize mit einem Stopfen 9 verschlossen (Fig. 1 b).The filling device Fig. 1a consists of an outer tube 2 (preferably made of steel), in which there are holes on the shell and bottom surface at regular intervals. In this outer tube 2 are concentrically mounted a pressing die 3 (preferably made of PU) a filler 4 (preferably made of metal) and a filling tube 5 attached. The concentricity of the filler 4 is ensured by a centering disc 6 (preferably made of PU) at the lower end and plugged on the filler centering part 7 of the filling tube 5 at the upper end. Centering 7 and filling tube 5 are firmly connected. After filling the filling device Fig. 1 a with the metal powder mixture to the upper end of the filler 4 centering 7 together with filling tube 5 is removed from the filler 4 and then by hand metal powder mixture refilled and the press die closed with a stopper 9 (Fig. 1 b).
Zum Verdichten des Metallpulvers wird die Einfüllvorrichtung Fig. 1 b in einer hydrostatischen Pressanlage (nicht näher dargestellt, da bekannt) platziert und bei einem Druck von ca. 1500 bar wird die Metallpulvermischung zu einem Grünling gepresst. Dieser hat nach Entnahme aus der Einfüllvorrichtung Fig. 1 b die Form eines einseitig verschlossenen Rohres und kann ohne zu zerbrechen gehandelt werden.For compacting the metal powder, the filling device Fig. 1 b in a hydrostatic pressing system (not shown in detail, as known) placed and at a pressure of about 1500 bar, the metal powder mixture is pressed into a green compact. This has after removal from the filling Fig. 1 b the shape of a tube closed on one side and can be traded without breaking.
Die gepressten Rohre werden anschließend in einem oder mehreren Durchgängen in einem Ofen gesintert (Vorsintern bei einer Temperatur zwischen 1400°C und 14900C, Nachsintern bei einer Temperatur zwischen 1495°C und 15700C), so dass aus dem Pressung Werkstücke mit Festkörpereigenschaften hergestellt werden. Dazu werden die gepressten Rohre beim Vor- und Nachsintern einem vorgewählten Zeit- Temperaturverlauf unterzogen, wobei sichergestellt wird, dass sich in einem stabilen Wolframskelett eine Schmelze aus Wolfram und den restlichen Binderelementen bildet und in allen Richtungen gleichmäßig schwindet, so dass nach dem Nachsintern ein geometrisch erwünschter Festkörper entsteht, wie beispielsweise in Fig. 2 aufgezeigt.The pressed tubes are then sintered in one or more passes in an oven (presintering at a temperature between 1400 ° C and 1490 0 C, resintering at a temperature between 1495 ° C and 1570 0 C), so that from the pressing workpieces with solid properties getting produced. For this purpose, the pressed tubes during pre- and post-sintering are subjected to a preselected time-temperature curve, which ensures that forms in a stable tungsten skeleton, a melt of tungsten and the remaining binder elements and evenly shrink in all directions, so that after resuming a geometric desired solid arises, as shown for example in Fig. 2.
Um einen Werkstoff mit den geforderten Werkstoffeigenschaften zu erhalten, wird nach dem Nachsintern der Festkörper einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen. Dadurch lassen sich z.B. Zugfestigkeit, Bruchdehnung und Einschnürung einstellen. Diese erfolgt bevorzugt in einem Glühverfahren, bei dem das Glühen im Hochvakuum unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur des Binders zu einer Phasenumwandlung führt, die beim anschließenden Abschrecken z.B. in N2 zur Fixierung des Werkstoffzustandes und somit der Werkstoffeigenschaften führt.In order to obtain a material with the required material properties, the solid is subjected to a heat treatment after resintering. As a result, eg tensile strength, elongation at break and constriction can be adjusted. This is preferably carried out in an annealing process, in which the annealing in a high vacuum below the melting temperature of the binder leads to a phase transformation, which leads to the subsequent quenching, for example in N 2 for fixing the material state and thus the material properties.
In Fig. 2 ist ein rohrförmiger Festköper zur Herstellung einer nicht näher dargestellten Munition (beispielsweise ein Wuchtgeschoss mit Splitterbildung) aufgezeigt, welcher nach dem zuvor beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt worden ist und die eingestellten Festkörpereigen- schatten aufweist. Dieser besitzt mit L9 eine vorgebbare Gesamtlänge und mit l_v eine Länge des Vollkörpers und weist einem Innendurchmesser dj und einem Außendurchmesser da auf. 2 shows a tubular solid body for producing an ammunition not shown in detail (for example, a balancing projectile with splinter formation), which has been produced by the method described above and the solid state properties set. has shadow. This has L 9 a predetermined total length and l_ v a length of the solid body and has an inner diameter dj and an outer diameter d a .

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rohrförmigen Festkörpers, insbesondere zur Herstellung eines Penetrators für ein Wuchtgeschoss mit Splitterwirkung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Einfüllvorrichtung, bestehend aus einem Außenrohr (2) mit einer darin befindlichen Pressmatrize (3) sowie einem Füllstück (4), mit einem Metallpulvergemisch im sich zwischen dem Füllstück (4) und Pressmatrize (3) bildenden Zwischenraum (8) befüllt und dieser dann verschlossen wird, - zum Verdichten des Metallpulvers die Einfüllvorrichtung (1 ) in einer hydrostatischen Pressanlage platziert und die Metallpulvermischung zu einem Grünling gepresst wird, die gepressten Rohre anschließend in einem oder mehreren Durchgängen in einem Ofen gesintert werden, wozu die gepressten Rohre einem vorgewählten Zeit- Temperaturverlauf unterzogen werden, so dass sichergestellt wird, dass sich eine Schmelze bildet und in allen Richtungen gleichmäßig schwindet, so dass nach dem Sintern ein geometrisch erwünschter Festkörper entsteht.1. A method for producing a tubular solid, in particular for producing a penetrator for a balancing projectile with splinter effect, characterized in that a filling device consisting of an outer tube (2) with a therein pressing die (3) and a filler (4), with a metal powder mixture in between the filler (4) and press die (3) forming gap (8) is filled and then closed, - placed to compress the metal powder, the filling device (1) in a hydrostatic pressing system and the metal powder mixture is pressed into a green compact , the pressed tubes are then sintered in one or more passes in an oven, to which the pressed tubes are subjected to a preselected time-temperature course, so as to ensure that a melt forms and shrinks uniformly in all directions, so that after sintering a geometrically expected solid solid arises.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach dem Sintern der Festkörper einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen wird, wodurch sich Zugfestigkeit und Bruchdehnung einstellen lassen.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after sintering, the solid body is subjected to a heat treatment, whereby can be set tensile strength and elongation at break.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach der Wärmebehandlung der Festkörper einem Schmiedeverfahren unterzogen wird, wodurch Fließspannung und Zugfestigkeit zunehmen.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that after the heat treatment of the solid is subjected to a forging process, whereby yield stress and tensile strength increase.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das be- füllen der Einfüllvorrichtung mit dem Metallpulver über ein Füllrohr (5) erfolgt, der auf dem Füllstück (4) aufgesetzt ist und ein Befüllen zwischen Füllstück (4) und Pressmatrize (3) ermöglicht.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the filling of the filling device with the metal powder via a filling tube (5), which is placed on the filler (4) and a filling between filler (4) and Press die (3) allows.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Füllrohr (5) nach dem Befüllen der Einfüllvorrichtung entfernt wird. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the filling tube (5) is removed after filling the filling device.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das verschließen des Zwischenraumes (8) durch einen Stopfen (9) erfolgt.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the closing of the intermediate space (8) by a plug (9).
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich um eine Wolfram- Schwermetalllegierung handelt mit 80 - 98 Gew.% Wolfram und wenigstens einer zweiten Komponente aus der Gruppe Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo oder irgendeiner Kombination hiervon.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is a tungsten heavy metal alloy with 80-98 wt.% Tungsten and at least one second component from the group Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co , Ni, Mo or any combination thereof.
8. Einfüllvorrichtung zur Herstellung eines rohrförmigen Festkörpers, insbesondere eines Penetrators für ein Wuchtgeschoss mit Splitterwirkung, gekennzeichnet durch: ein Außenrohr (2) in welches konzentrisch eine Pressmatrize (3) und ein Füllstück (4) angebracht ist, mit einem auf dem Füllstück (4) aufgesetztem Füllrohr (5) zum Befüllen des, sich zwischen Pressmatrize (3) und Füllstück (4) bildenden Zwischenraumes (8) mit einer Metallpulvermischung.8. Filling device for producing a tubular solid, in particular a penetrator for a balancing projectile with fragmentation, characterized by: an outer tube (2) in which a concentric press die (3) and a filler (4) is mounted, with a on the filler (4 ) mounted filling pipe (5) for filling, between the press die (3) and filler (4) forming the intermediate space (8) with a metal powder mixture.
9. Einfüllvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Außenrohr (2) ein Stahlrohr und die Pressmatrize (3) ein PU- Rohr ist. 9. Filling device according to claim 7, characterized in that the outer tube (2) is a steel tube and the pressing die (3) is a PU tube.
EP08784808.1A 2007-08-09 2008-07-16 Method and device for producing a tubular solid body from a refractory tungsten-heavy metal alloy, particularly as a semi-finished product for the production of a penetrator for a kinetic energy projectile with fragmentation effect Not-in-force EP2173507B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007037702A DE102007037702A1 (en) 2007-08-09 2007-08-09 Method and apparatus for producing a tubular solid body from a high-melting tungsten-heavy metal alloy, in particular as a semi-finished product for the production of a penetrator for a balancing projectile with splinter effect
PCT/EP2008/005800 WO2009018902A1 (en) 2007-08-09 2008-07-16 Method and device for producing a tubular solid body from a refractory tungsten-heavy metal alloy, particularly as a semi-finished product for the production of a penetrator for a kinetic energy projectile with fragmentation effect

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EP2173507A1 true EP2173507A1 (en) 2010-04-14
EP2173507B1 EP2173507B1 (en) 2014-02-26

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US11149343B2 (en) * 2015-05-28 2021-10-19 Materion Corporation Processes for refurbishing a spent sputtering target
DE102015117018A1 (en) 2015-10-06 2017-04-06 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator and subcaliber projectile
US20190017791A1 (en) * 2017-03-07 2019-01-17 U.S. Army Research Laboratory Attn: Rdrl-Loc-I Reduced Jacketed Bullet Bore Resistance
CN115109977A (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-09-27 安泰科技股份有限公司 Ultra-large-specification high-performance tungsten alloy pipe and preparation method thereof

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US4655984A (en) * 1984-10-15 1987-04-07 Champion Spark Plug Company Method of and apparatus for isostatically pressing a body from particulate material
DE3821474C1 (en) 1988-06-25 1998-08-27 Nwm De Kruithoorn Bv One-piece frangible armour-piercing discarding sabot
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JP2004114139A (en) 2002-09-30 2004-04-15 Kyocera Corp Jig for cold hydrostatic pressing, and manufacturing method of molding using it
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