EP2169793B1 - Ionisation device - Google Patents
Ionisation device Download PDFInfo
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- EP2169793B1 EP2169793B1 EP20090171197 EP09171197A EP2169793B1 EP 2169793 B1 EP2169793 B1 EP 2169793B1 EP 20090171197 EP20090171197 EP 20090171197 EP 09171197 A EP09171197 A EP 09171197A EP 2169793 B1 EP2169793 B1 EP 2169793B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- ionization device
- electrode
- monitoring unit
- voltage source
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ionization device for ionizing gases, which has at least one high-voltage electrode with at least one high-voltage supply line for connection to a high-voltage source.
- the invention further relates to a vehicle air conditioning system and a motor vehicle.
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring an ionization device for gases, which ionizes the gases by means of high-voltage electrodes.
- ion generators are for example in US 2006/0023391 A1 or US 2006/0023392 A1 described.
- the ion generators described there have two high voltage electrodes.
- a first high-voltage electrode generates positively charged hydrogen ions H + by means of a positive high voltage.
- negatively charged oxygen ions are generated at the second electrode (O 2 - ).
- Another effect of the negatively charged high voltage electrode is that it releases electrons. The electrons combine with the hydrogen ions H + and oxidize them, so that free hydrogen atoms H are formed.
- the hydrogen peroxide radical can liberate individual hydrogen atoms from the cell wall or shell of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses or fungi, thereby damaging the cell wall or deactivating the microorganism. This results in destruction or deactivation of the microorganism, whereby it can no longer penetrate into human cells. Due to the fact that positively charged ions are suspected to contribute to mood disorders, it must be ensured in ion generators with two electrodes of different polarity that the intermediately produced cations are also reliably neutralized again at the negative electrode.
- the object of the invention is thus to propose an ionization device for the ionization of gases, which has advantages over known ionization devices.
- the object of the invention is also to provide a method for monitoring an ionisationsvoriques for gases, which is improved over known methods for monitoring ionization devices.
- an ionization device for ionizing gases which has at least one high-voltage electrode with at least one high-voltage supply line for connection to a high-voltage source such that at least one voltage monitoring device connected to the high-voltage electrode is provided independently of the high-voltage supply line.
- the connection between voltage monitoring device and high voltage electrode can be realized for example by a second electrical line.
- a cable break of the connecting line between the high voltage electrode and voltage monitoring device usually leads to no release of unwanted ions or radicals.
- the voltage monitoring device will diagnose a fault of the high voltage source, although the corresponding high voltage is applied to the electrode.
- the voltage monitor may be implemented in any manner. In particular, it is possible to apply the voltage applied to the high-voltage electrode to a low voltage with the aid of a voltage divider circuit (eg, two resistors connected in series) low, since such low voltages are usually easier to process with the help of electronic circuits.
- the low voltage thus obtained is supplied to a comparator and compared with a reference voltage.
- a comparator it is also conceivable to supply the low voltage to an operational amplifier, a bipolar transistor, a DIAC, a TRIAC, a field effect transistor, etc.
- the ionization device has a plurality of high voltage electrodes.
- the high-voltage electrodes have at least partially a different polarization.
- the ionization device can then usually be better adapted to different compositions of pathogen mixtures.
- the quantities of cations and anions produced can be matched to one another in such a way that they can mutually neutralize each other after passing through a relatively short path.
- At least one voltage monitoring device is connected to at least one positively polarized high-voltage electrode and / or to at least one negatively polarized high-voltage electrode.
- a connection of at least one voltage monitoring device with at least one negatively polarized high-voltage electrode can prove to be particularly expedient, since the anions produced here are needed to neutralize the cations optionally produced by a positive polarized high voltage electrode. Because there is evidence that (as already mentioned) in particular cations, especially positively charged hydrogen ions, can cause discomfort in the vehicle occupants.
- At least one control device connected to the voltage monitoring device is provided, which is preferably designed as an electronic control device.
- the control device can be designed as a separate device, so that it serves for example decided the ionization.
- the control device is designed in connection with a high voltage source, for example on the same board. It is also possible that the control device is realized in connection with other control functions, for example in the form of a single-board computer.
- a meaningful training possibility of the invention may result if the at least one control device emits at least one signal if the measured value of at least one voltage monitoring device is below a reference value and / or the measured value of at least one voltage monitoring device is above a reference value.
- the two reference values do not necessarily have the same height.
- the signal thus generated or the signals thus generated it is possible to generate warning messages, to generate function messages, to realize shutdown functions or to perform certain functions unlock. If, for example, the measured value of at least one voltage monitoring device is below a reference value, this usually indicates a defect of at least one part of the ionization device. Accordingly, the driver or a maintenance software can be sent a warning signal that a corresponding defect is present.
- louvers are closed or converted.
- a "positive" signal for the functionality of the ionization device is output, and with the aid of this "positive" output signal, air-conducting flaps are provided that the ionization device is flowed through by fresh air or outside air.
- the at least one control device is connected to at least one high voltage source, and preferably a high voltage source is at least reduced or switched off if the measured value of a voltage monitoring device is below a reference value and / or at least one high voltage source is at least increased in power, if the Measured value of a voltage monitoring device is above a reference value.
- the power reduction may relate in particular to the output voltage. In particular, it may also be a switching off of the relevant high voltage source.
- the increase in power can be, in particular, an increase in the voltage in question, or else a switching on of the corresponding device.
- the control device can switch off the high-voltage source, which supplies the corresponding high-voltage electrode with high voltage, since apparently there is a defect. It is of course also possible that in such a case, all high voltage sources are switched off to put the ionization device in its entirety out of function. It is also possible that in a case in which a measured value of a voltage monitoring device is above a reference value, a second high-voltage source is enabled. For example, the voltage monitor may check the voltage across a negative high voltage electrode.
- the generation of a positive high voltage is released, which is passed to a positive high voltage electrode.
- the generation of the more dangerous cations may be allowed only if there is a sufficient number of anions to neutralize the cations.
- a meaningful development may result if at least one time delay circuit is provided.
- the generation of high voltage can take some time. Time periods of several seconds are not uncommon.
- the release of ions and / or free radicals is only questionable if this takes place over a longer period of time.
- a time delay circuit can be provided which, for example, only switches off the ionization device when no corresponding high voltage has been detected by the voltage monitoring device over a certain period of time.
- the delay times are to think of time periods of 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 20 seconds or 30 seconds.
- the ionization device is designed as an air ionization device and / or as a sterilization device.
- the ionization device is particularly suitable Dimensions for the treatment of fresh air or outside air to be supplied by a vehicle and / or building. If necessary, exhaust air can also be treated (eg in hospitals or in ambulance vehicles).
- vehicle air conditioning system in particular an automotive air conditioning system, which has at least one ionization device with the structure described above.
- vehicle air conditioning system then has the already described advantages and properties of the ionization device in an analogous manner.
- a vehicle in particular a motor vehicle is proposed, which has at least one vehicle air conditioner with the above structure and / or at least one ionization device with the above structure.
- a vehicle then likewise has the advantages and properties of the vehicle air conditioning system or of the ionization device described above in an analogous manner.
- the vehicles should be considered in any way on aircraft, watercraft and in particular on land vehicles (rail / non-rail).
- a method for monitoring an ionization device for gases which ionizes the gases by means of high-voltage electrodes, in which the function of at least one high-voltage electrode is checked by a voltage monitoring device connected to the high-voltage electrode but separately from the high-voltage source.
- Such a method can, in particular in relation to known methods, provide a particularly high product safety of the ionization apparatus with only a small construction cost.
- the undesirable release of ions (especially specific ion species such as cations) and / or free radicals can be effectively prevented.
- the already in Associated with the ionization device described properties and advantages in an analogous manner also for the proposed method.
- a high-voltage source is at least reduced or switched off when the voltage monitoring device determines that the voltage is below a certain reference value and / or a high-voltage electrode is at least increased in power when the voltage monitoring device determines that the voltage of a High voltage electrode is above a certain reference value.
- increased power or reduced power relate in particular to the voltage of the corresponding high voltage source. A switching on or off of the corresponding high voltage source is conceivable.
- Fig. 1 1 is a schematic diagram of an ion generator 1 having two electrodes 2, 3, namely a positive electrode 2 and a negative electrode 3.
- the positive electrode 2 is supplied via power supply lines 6 from a first high voltage source 4 having a high voltage in the range of about 4 kV.
- the positive electrode 2 has a ceramic plate 8 disposed in an upper portion of the substrate 7 of the ion generator 1.
- the ceramic plate 8 has a discharge electrode 9 and an induction electrode 10 provided in the ceramic plate 8.
- the positive high voltage of the first high voltage source 4 is applied between the discharge electrode 9 and the induction electrode 10.
- the positive electrode 2 is designed to generate cations.
- a second high voltage source 5 supplies a needle-shaped negative electrode 3 via power supply lines 6 with a negative high voltage.
- the high voltage is in the illustrated embodiment in the range of 3.4 kV and is applied between the substrate 7 and the needle-shaped electrode 3.
- a negative high voltage is applied to the negative electrode 3
- a plasma discharge occurs due to the needle-like shape, and a large number of electrons 11 are released from the negative electrode 3.
- the electron oxidize 11 The hydrogen 15 combines with the negative oxygen ions 14 to a hydrogen peroxide radical HO 2 , which destroys the proteins that are in the cell membranes of the germs, bacteria, viruses or fungi contained in the air stream A, so that they are killed become.
- the two electrodes 2, 3 are additionally electrically connected via separately formed measuring lines 16 to a control circuit 17.
- the control circuit 17 checks whether each voltage is applied to the electrodes 2, 3. In the absence of a corresponding voltage, the control circuit 17 outputs a corresponding error message, and switches, for example, the two high-voltage sources 4, 5 via control lines 18 out of operation.
- FIG. 2 and 3 For example, two different possible embodiments of a control circuit 17 are shown in more detail. In this case, similar reference numerals have been used for clarity. However, the same reference sign does not mean that it must necessarily be an identical component. Rather, they are components that usually have a close function.
- a first possible embodiment for a control circuit 19 is shown, which is suitable for an ion generator 1 from the in Fig. 1 shown type can be used.
- a first high voltage source 4 supplies a positive electrode 2 with a positive high voltage via a power supply line 6.
- a second high-voltage source 5 supplies the negative electrode 3 with a negative high voltage via a voltage supply line 6.
- the electrodes 2, 3 are each connected to a voltage measuring device 21, 22, which have a substantially similar structure in the presently illustrated embodiment.
- a separate measuring line 16 which is formed independently of the power supply line 6. It is advantageous that the arrangement of the measuring lines 16 takes place at a certain distance from the power supply lines 6. If there is a rupture of one of the voltage supply lines 6 or one of the measuring lines 16, the associated voltage measuring device 21, 22 will detect an error, regardless of whether the relevant high-voltage source 4, 5 is still functional. This is much more useful than checking the voltage at the output of the respective high voltage source 4, 5.
- the first voltage measuring device 21 has a voltage divider 23 which, for example, has two ohmic resistors 24, 25 connected together in series.
- the ratio of the resistance values of the resistors 24, 25 is chosen so that the voltage pick-off point 26 is a controllable by conventional electronic components low voltage.
- voltage values in the range between 3 volts and 24 volts are to be considered.
- the tapped atpalsabgriffddling 26 voltage is fed to a first input 28 of a comparator 27.
- the output voltage of a reference voltage source 30 is applied.
- the comparator 27 checks whether the voltage applied to the first input 28 U 1 greater than or equal to the voltage applied to the second input 29 Voltage U 2 is. In other words, the comparator 27 checks whether the condition U 1 ⁇ U 2 is satisfied. If this condition is not fulfilled, this indicates an error of the first high-voltage source 4, the voltage supply line 6, the measuring line 16 or another component of the ion generator 1. In this case, a signal is present at the inverting output 32 of the comparator 27, whereas no signal is present at the non-inverting output 31 of the comparator 27.
- the inverting output 32 of the comparator 27 is electrically connected to an error signal line 33. If the error signal line 33 is under voltage, the first high-voltage source 4 is switched off by means of a corresponding shut-off input 35. At the same time, the second high-voltage source 5 can be switched off via a further interconnection, not shown, and the warning lamp 34 light up so that an operator of the ion generator 1 can recognize the error.
- the second measuring device 22 is constructed analogously to the first measuring device 21.
- the inverting outputs 32 of the two comparators 27 of both voltage measuring devices 21, 22 are connected in parallel. Thereby, when an error occurs, the entire ion generator 1 is turned off, regardless of where the error has occurred.
- the time delay elements 39 serve this purpose. As a result, the risk of false shutdowns can be significantly reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a variation of the in Fig. 2 illustrated first control circuit 19 shown.
- the present in Fig. 3 illustrated second possible embodiment A control circuit 20 has only a single voltage measuring device 36 with a single comparator 27. Similar to the in Fig. 2 the first input 28 of the comparator 27 is connected to apalsabgriffstician 26 of a voltage divider 23.
- the voltage divider 23 sets the high voltage, which is applied to a negative electrode 3 and applied via a measuring line 16 to the voltage divider 23, via two series-connected ohmic resistors 24, 25 down to a low voltage U 1 .
- the negative electrode 3 is acted upon by a second high voltage source 5 via a voltage supply line 6 with a negative high voltage.
- the comparator 27 checks whether the condition U 1 ⁇ U 2 is fulfilled.
- a signal is present at the non-inverting output 31 of the comparator 27.
- This signal is supplied via a signal line 38 to a turn-on input 37 of a first high-voltage source 4.
- the signal applied to the turn-on input 37 causes the first high-voltage source 4 to generate a positive high voltage, which is supplied to the positive electrode 2 via the voltage supply line 6.
- the voltage measuring device 36 thus causes the positive electrode 2 is only under tension when it was detected that the negative electrode 3 is under tension (in other words, the negative electrode 3 is almost certainly under tension).
- the non-inverting output 31 of the comparator 27 de-energized, and the first high voltage source 4 remains (or is) turned off.
- a voltage signal is present at the inverting output 32.
- This error signal is supplied via an error signal line 33 to a turn-off input 35 of the second high-voltage source 5. This has the consequence that the second high voltage source 5 is turned off.
- control circuit 20 In order to avoid false shutdowns of the control circuit 20 is in the error signal line 33 analogous to in Fig. 2 shown control circuit 19 a time delay element 39 installed. This passes the output of the inverting output 32 of the comparator 27 only if it is present for a certain period of time, for example, more than 10 seconds.
- the time delay elements described are to be regarded as optional, since it is also conceivable that they can be dispensed with.
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- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine lonisationsvorrichtung zur Ionisierung von Gasen, welche zumindest eine Hochspannungselektrode mit wenigstens einer Hochspannungsversorgungsleitung zum Anschluss an eine Hochspannungsquelle aufweist. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Fahrzeugklimaanlage sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Überwachung einer lonisationsvorrichtung für Gase, welche die Gase mittels Hochspannungselektroden ionisiert.The invention relates to an ionization device for ionizing gases, which has at least one high-voltage electrode with at least one high-voltage supply line for connection to a high-voltage source. The invention further relates to a vehicle air conditioning system and a motor vehicle. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for monitoring an ionization device for gases, which ionizes the gases by means of high-voltage electrodes.
Bei modernen Kraftfahrzeugen finden zunehmend verbesserte, als auch neuartige Einrichtungen zur Verbesserung der dem Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum zugeführten Luft Anwendung. So findet neben einer Beeinflussung der Temperatur der dem Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum zuzuführenden Luft (Erwärmung und/oder Abkühlung) zwischenzeitlich oftmals oft auch eine Filterung der Luft statt. Mit Hilfe von Filtern wird einerseits versucht, unangenehme Gerüche der Außenluft vom Kraftfahrzeuginneren fern zu halten. Ein weiterer Aspekt besteht jedoch auch darin, Schmutzpartikel (z. B. Rußpartikel) als auch Krankheitserreger vom Kraftfahrzeuginneren fern zu halten. Für derartige Filtereinrichtungen können beispielsweise Filtermatten aus Aktivkohle verwendet werden.In modern motor vehicles are increasingly improved, as well as novel means for improving the automotive interior air supplied application. Thus, in addition to influencing the temperature of the air to be supplied to the motor vehicle interior (heating and / or cooling), air filtration often takes place in the meantime often. With the help of filters, on the one hand, attempts are made to keep out unpleasant odors of the outside air from the vehicle interior. However, another aspect is also dirt particles (eg soot particles) as well Keep pathogens away from the interior of the vehicle. For example, filter mats made of activated carbon can be used for such filter devices.
Insbesondere um die Keimzahl der dem Kraftfahrzeuginneren zuzuführenden Frischluft zu reduzieren wurde zwischenzeitlich auch die Verwendung von Ionengeneratoren vorgeschlagen, die die dem Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum zugeführte Luft teilweise ionisieren. Derartige Ionengeneratoren sind beispielsweise in
Um nachteiligen Effekte auf die Gesundheit der Fahrzeuginsassen durch die Kationen zu verhindern wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, dass die Funktionstüchtigkeit der elektronischen Schaltung zur Hochspannungserzeugung, welche die Elektroden des lonengenerators mit Hochspannung versorgen, überprüft wird. Im Falle eines Fehlers können dann die Hochspannungsgeneratoren abgeschaltet werden, sodass keine positiven lonen bzw. Radikale mehr erzeugt werden. Problematisch bei diesem Ansatz ist jedoch, dass bei einer derartigen Überprüfung nicht festgestellt werden kann, ob - und gegebenenfalls in welchem Ausmaß - tatsächlich Ionen erzeugt werden. Wenn sich beispielsweise die Verbindungsleitung zwischen negativer Hochspannungsquelle und negativer Elektrode löst, so stellt die Überprüfungsschaltung nach wie vor das Vorhandensein einer korrekten negativen Hochspannung fest. Dennoch ist die negative Elektrode außer Funktion, sodass vom lonengenerator im größerem Ausmaß positiv geladene Wasserstoffionen freigesetzt werden. Dies ist entsprechend von Nachteil.In order to prevent detrimental effects on the health of the vehicle occupants by the cations, it has already been proposed that the functioning of the electronic circuit for high voltage generation, which supply the electrodes of the ion generator with high voltage, be checked. In the case of a fault, the high voltage generators can then be switched off so that no more positive ions or radicals are generated. The problem with this approach, however, is that such a check can not determine whether, and if so to what extent, ions are actually generated. For example, if the connection line between negative high voltage source and negative electrode dissolves, the checking circuit still determines the presence of a correct negative high voltage. However, the negative electrode is out of action, releasing positively charged hydrogen ions from the ion generator to a greater extent. This is correspondingly disadvantageous.
In
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht somit darin eine Ionisationsvorrichtung zur Ionisierung von Gasen vorzuschlagen, welche gegenüber bekannten lonisationsvorrichtungen Vorteile aufweist. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darüber hinaus darin, ein Verfahren zur Überwachung einer lonisationsvorrichtung für Gase vorzuschlagen, welches gegenüber bekannten Verfahren zur Überwachung von Ionisationsvorrichtungen verbessert ist.The object of the invention is thus to propose an ionization device for the ionization of gases, which has advantages over known ionization devices. The object of the invention is also to provide a method for monitoring an ionisationsvorrichtung for gases, which is improved over known methods for monitoring ionization devices.
Es wird vorgeschlagen, eine Ionisationsvorrichtung zur Ionisierung von Gasen, welche zumindest eine Hochspannungselektrode mit wenigstens einer Hochspannungsversorgungsleitung zum Anschluss an eine Hochspannungsquelle aufweist dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass zumindest eine unabhängig von der Hochspannungsversorgungsleitung mit der Hochspannungselektrode verbundene Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Dadurch ist es auf verblüffend einfache Weise möglich, mit verhältnismäßig geringem Aufwand eine relativ hohe Sicherheit der lonisationsvorrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen. Wenn beispielsweise die Verbindungsleitung zwischen der Hochspannungsquelle und der Elektrode beschädigt wird, so kann dank der unabhängig von der Hochspannungsversorgungsleitung mit der Hochspannungselektrode verbundene Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung festgestellt werden, dass an der betreffenden Hochspannungselektrode keine (bzw. eine zu niedrige) Spannung anliegt. In diesem Fall können geeignete Maßnahmen getroffen werden. Die Verbindung zwischen Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung und Hochspannungselektrode kann beispielsweise durch eine zweite elektrische Leitung realisiert werden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass ein Kabelbruch der Verbindungsleitung zwischen Hochspannungselektrode und Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung in aller Regel zu keiner Freisetzung von unerwünschten Ionen bzw. Radikalen führt. Denn in einem solchen Fall wird die Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung einen Fehler der Hochspannungsquelle diagnostizieren, obwohl die entsprechende Hochspannung an der Elektrode anliegt. Durch die vorgeschlagene Ausbildung wird also ein tendenziell "übersicheres" System geschaffen. Die Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung kann in beliebiger Weise ausgeführt werden. Möglich ist es insbesondere, die an der Hochspannungselektrode anliegende Spannung mit Hilfe einer Spannungsteilerschaltung (z. B. zwei in Serie geschaltete Widerstände) auf eine Niederspannung herabzusetzen, da derartige Niederspannungen üblicherweise leichter mit Hilfe von elektronischen Schaltungen verarbeitet werden können. Möglich ist es beispielsweise, dass die derart gewonnene Niederspannung einem Komparator zugeführt wird und mit einer Referenzspannung verglichen wird. Denkbar ist aber auch die Zuführung der Niederspannung an einen Operationsverstärker, einen bipolaren Transistor, einen DIAC, einen TRIAC, einen Feldeffekttransistor usw..It is proposed to further develop an ionization device for ionizing gases, which has at least one high-voltage electrode with at least one high-voltage supply line for connection to a high-voltage source such that at least one voltage monitoring device connected to the high-voltage electrode is provided independently of the high-voltage supply line. As a result, it is possible in a surprisingly simple manner to provide a relatively high security of the ionization device with relatively little effort. For example, if the connection line between the high voltage source and the electrode is damaged, it can be determined that no (or too low) voltage is applied to the high voltage electrode concerned, due to the voltage monitor connected to the high voltage electrode independently of the high voltage supply line. In this case, appropriate measures can be taken. The connection between voltage monitoring device and high voltage electrode can be realized for example by a second electrical line. In this context, it should be noted that a cable break of the connecting line between the high voltage electrode and voltage monitoring device usually leads to no release of unwanted ions or radicals. Because in such a case, the voltage monitoring device will diagnose a fault of the high voltage source, although the corresponding high voltage is applied to the electrode. Thus, the proposed training tends to create an "over-secure" system. The voltage monitor may be implemented in any manner. In particular, it is possible to apply the voltage applied to the high-voltage electrode to a low voltage with the aid of a voltage divider circuit (eg, two resistors connected in series) low, since such low voltages are usually easier to process with the help of electronic circuits. It is possible, for example, that the low voltage thus obtained is supplied to a comparator and compared with a reference voltage. However, it is also conceivable to supply the low voltage to an operational amplifier, a bipolar transistor, a DIAC, a TRIAC, a field effect transistor, etc.
Sinnvoll ist es, wenn die Ionisationsvorrichtung eine Mehrzahl an Hochspannungselektroden aufweist. Insbesondere kann es sich als vorteilhaft erweisen, wenn die Hochspannungselektroden zumindest zum Teil eine unterschiedliche Polarisierung aufweisen. Mit Hilfe eines derartigen Aufbaus ist es in der Regel einfacher, insbesondere die durch die Ionisationsvorrichtung erzeugten positiven Ionen bzw. die daraus resultierenden freien Radikale auf einen räumlich eng eingegrenzten Bereich beschränken zu können. Auch kann die Ionisationsvorrichtung dann üblicherweise besser an unterschiedliche Zusammensetzungen von Krankheitserregergemischen angepasst werden. Insbesondere dann, wenn unterschiedlich polarisierte Elektroden verwendet werden, können die erzeugten Mengen von Kationen und Anionen derart aufeinander abgestimmt werden, dass sich diese nach Durchlaufen einer relativ kurzen Wegstrecke gegenseitig neutralisieren können.It is useful if the ionization device has a plurality of high voltage electrodes. In particular, it may prove advantageous if the high-voltage electrodes have at least partially a different polarization. With the help of such a construction, it is generally easier to be able to restrict in particular the positive ions generated by the ionization device or the resulting free radicals to a spatially narrowly bounded area. Also, the ionization device can then usually be better adapted to different compositions of pathogen mixtures. In particular, when differently polarized electrodes are used, the quantities of cations and anions produced can be matched to one another in such a way that they can mutually neutralize each other after passing through a relatively short path.
Sinnvoll kann es weiterhin sein, wenn wenigstens eine Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung mit zumindest einer positiv polarisierten Hochspannungselektrode und/oder mit zumindest einer negativ polarisierten Hochspannungselektrode verbunden ist. Mit einer derartigen Ausbildung ist es möglich, dass gezielt auf die Herstellung bzw. das Fehlen von Kationen (positiv polarisierte Hochspannungselektrode) bzw. Anionen (negativ polarisierte Hochspannungselektrode) geprüft werden kann. Speziell eine Verbindung wenigstens einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung mit zumindest einer negativ polarisierten Hochspannungselektrode kann sich als besonders sinnvoll erweisen, da die hier erzeugten Anionen benötigt werden, um die gegebenenfalls von einer positiv polarisierten Hochspannungselektrode erzeugten Kationen zu neutralisieren. Denn es gibt Hinweise darauf, dass (wie bereits erwähnt) insbesondere Kationen, speziell positiv geladene Wasserstoffionen, Befindlichkeitsstörungen beim Fahrzeuginsassen verursachen können.It can also be useful if at least one voltage monitoring device is connected to at least one positively polarized high-voltage electrode and / or to at least one negatively polarized high-voltage electrode. With such a design, it is possible to specifically test for the production or the absence of cations (positively polarized high-voltage electrode) or anions (negatively polarized high-voltage electrode). In particular, a connection of at least one voltage monitoring device with at least one negatively polarized high-voltage electrode can prove to be particularly expedient, since the anions produced here are needed to neutralize the cations optionally produced by a positive polarized high voltage electrode. Because there is evidence that (as already mentioned) in particular cations, especially positively charged hydrogen ions, can cause discomfort in the vehicle occupants.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn zumindest eine mit der Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung verbundene Steuerungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche vorzugsweise als elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung ausgebildet ist. Mit Hilfe einer derartigen Steuerungseinrichtung ist es möglich, die von der Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung ermittelten Daten gezielt aufzuarbeiten, gegebenenfalls mit Referenzwerten zu vergleichen und/oder beim Vorhandensein mehrerer Messwerte diese miteinander zu verknüpfen um daraus ein Ausgabesignal zu gewinnen. Die Steuerungseinrichtung kann dabei als gesonderte Einrichtung ausgebildet werden, sodass diese beispielsweise dezidiert der Ionisationsvorrichtung dient. Dabei ist es selbstverständlich möglich, dass die Steuerungseinrichtung im Zusammenhang mit einer Hochspannungsquelle ausgebildet ist, beispielsweise auf derselben Platine. Ebenso ist es möglich, dass die Steuerungseinrichtung im Zusammenhang mit weiteren Steuerungsfunktionen realisiert wird, beispielsweise in Form eines Einplatinencomputers.It is advantageous if at least one control device connected to the voltage monitoring device is provided, which is preferably designed as an electronic control device. With the aid of such a control device, it is possible to process the data determined by the voltage monitoring device in a targeted manner, if necessary to compare it with reference values and / or to link them together in the presence of a plurality of measured values in order to obtain an output signal therefrom. The control device can be designed as a separate device, so that it serves for example decided the ionization. It is of course possible that the control device is designed in connection with a high voltage source, for example on the same board. It is also possible that the control device is realized in connection with other control functions, for example in the form of a single-board computer.
Eine sinnvolle Ausbildungsmöglichkeit der Erfindung kann sich ergeben, wenn die zumindest eine Steuerungseinrichtung zumindest ein Signal abgibt, wenn der Messwert wenigstens einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung unterhalb eines Referenzwerts liegt und/oder der Messwert wenigstens einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung oberhalb eines Referenzwerts liegt. Die beiden Referenzwerte müssen selbstverständlich nicht notwendigerweise die gleiche Höhe aufweisen. Mit dem so erzeugten Signal bzw. den so erzeugten Signalen ist es möglich, Warnmeldungen zu generieren, Funktionsmeldungen zu generieren, Abschaltfunktionen zu realisieren bzw. bestimmte Funktionen freizuschalten. Wenn beispielsweise der Messwert wenigstens einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung unterhalb eines Referenzwerts liegt, so deutet dies in aller Regel auf einen Defekt zumindest eines Teils der lonisationsvorrichtung hin. Dementsprechend kann dem Fahrer bzw. einer Wartungssoftware ein Warnsignal übermittelt werden, dass ein entsprechender Defekt vorliegt. Möglich ist es auch, dass beim Auftreten eines derartigen Defekts Luftleitklappen geschlossen oder umgestellt werden. Umgekehrt ist es auch möglich, dass beispielsweise in dem Fall, in dem der Messwert wenigstens einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung oberhalb eines Referenzwerts liegt, ein "positives" Signal für die Funktionstüchtigkeit der lonisationsvorrichtung ausgegeben wird, und mit Hilfe dieses "positiven" Ausgabesignals Luftleitklappen so gestellt werden, dass die Ionisationsvorrichtung von Frischluft bzw. Außenluft durchströmt wird.A meaningful training possibility of the invention may result if the at least one control device emits at least one signal if the measured value of at least one voltage monitoring device is below a reference value and / or the measured value of at least one voltage monitoring device is above a reference value. Of course, the two reference values do not necessarily have the same height. With the signal thus generated or the signals thus generated, it is possible to generate warning messages, to generate function messages, to realize shutdown functions or to perform certain functions unlock. If, for example, the measured value of at least one voltage monitoring device is below a reference value, this usually indicates a defect of at least one part of the ionization device. Accordingly, the driver or a maintenance software can be sent a warning signal that a corresponding defect is present. It is also possible that when such a defect occurs louvers are closed or converted. Conversely, it is also possible that, for example, in the case in which the measured value of at least one voltage monitoring device is above a reference value, a "positive" signal for the functionality of the ionization device is output, and with the aid of this "positive" output signal, air-conducting flaps are provided that the ionization device is flowed through by fresh air or outside air.
Besonders sinnvoll kann es auch sein, wenn die zumindest eine Steuerungseinrichtung mit zumindest einer Hochspannungsquelle verbunden ist, und vorzugsweise eine Hochspannungsquelle zumindest leistungsreduziert oder abgeschaltet wird, wenn der Messwert einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung unterhalb eines Referenzwerts liegt und/oder wenigstens eine Hochspannungsquelle zumindest leistungserhöht wird, wenn der Messwert einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung oberhalb eines Referenzwerts liegt. Die Leistungsreduktion kann sich dabei insbesondere auf die ausgegebene Spannung beziehen. Insbesondere kann es sich auch um ein Abschalten der betreffenden Hochspannungsquelle handeln. Umgekehrt kann es sich bei der Leistungserhöhung insbesondere um eine Erhöhung der betreffenden Spannung handeln, oder aber auch um ein Einschalten der entsprechenden Vorrichtung. Wenn beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung erkannt wird, dass an einer bestimmten Hochspannungselektrode keine bzw. eine zu niedrige Spannung anliegt, so kann die Steuerungseinrichtung die Hochspannungsquelle, welche die entsprechende Hochspannungselektrode mit Hochspannung versorgt, abschalten, da anscheinend ein Defekt vorliegt. Möglich ist es selbstverständlich auch, dass in einem derartigen Fall sämtliche Hochspannungsquellen abgeschaltet werden, um die Ionisationsvorrichtung in ihrer Gesamtheit außer Funktion zu setzen. Ebenso ist es möglich, dass in einem Fall, in dem ein Messwert einer Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung oberhalb eines Referenzwerts liegt, eine zweite Hochspannungsquelle freigeschaltet wird. Beispielsweise kann die Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung die an einer negativen Hochspannungselektrode liegende Spannung überprüfen. Liegt hier ein ausreichendes Niveau vor, wird die Erzeugung einer positiven Hochspannung freigeschaltet, die zu einer positiven Hochspannungselektrode geleitet wird. Mit anderen Worten kann die Erzeugung der tendenziell gefährlicheren Kationen erst dann erlaubt werden, wenn eine ausreichende Anzahl an Anionen zur Neutralisierung der Kationen vorhanden ist.It can also be particularly useful if the at least one control device is connected to at least one high voltage source, and preferably a high voltage source is at least reduced or switched off if the measured value of a voltage monitoring device is below a reference value and / or at least one high voltage source is at least increased in power, if the Measured value of a voltage monitoring device is above a reference value. The power reduction may relate in particular to the output voltage. In particular, it may also be a switching off of the relevant high voltage source. Conversely, the increase in power can be, in particular, an increase in the voltage in question, or else a switching on of the corresponding device. If, for example, it is detected with the aid of a voltage monitoring device that no or too low a voltage is applied to a specific high-voltage electrode, the control device can switch off the high-voltage source, which supplies the corresponding high-voltage electrode with high voltage, since apparently there is a defect. It is of course also possible that in such a case, all high voltage sources are switched off to put the ionization device in its entirety out of function. It is also possible that in a case in which a measured value of a voltage monitoring device is above a reference value, a second high-voltage source is enabled. For example, the voltage monitor may check the voltage across a negative high voltage electrode. If there is a sufficient level, the generation of a positive high voltage is released, which is passed to a positive high voltage electrode. In other words, the generation of the more dangerous cations may be allowed only if there is a sufficient number of anions to neutralize the cations.
Eine sinnvolle Weiterbildung kann sich ergeben, wenn zumindest eine Zeitverzögerungsschaltung vorgesehen ist. Gerade im Hochspannungsbereich kann die Erzeugung einer Hochspannung einige Zeit beanspruchen. Dabei sind Zeitdauern von mehreren Sekunden nicht unüblich. Andererseits ist die Freisetzung von Ionen und/oder freien Radikalen nur dann bedenklich, wenn diese über einen längeren Zeitraum hinweg erfolgt. Aus diesem Grunde kann eine Zeitverzögerungsschaltung vorgesehen werden, welche beispielsweise die Ionisationsvorrichtung erst dann ausschaltet, wenn über einen gewissen Zeitraum hinweg keine entsprechende Hochspannung von der Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung ermittelt wurde. Dadurch können Fehlabschaltungen vermindert werden, aber dennoch eine hohe Produktsicherheit realisiert werden. Bei den Verzögerungszeiten ist an Zeitdauern von 5 Sekunden, 10 Sekunden, 20 Sekunden oder 30 Sekunden zu denken.A meaningful development may result if at least one time delay circuit is provided. Especially in the high voltage range, the generation of high voltage can take some time. Time periods of several seconds are not uncommon. On the other hand, the release of ions and / or free radicals is only questionable if this takes place over a longer period of time. For this reason, a time delay circuit can be provided which, for example, only switches off the ionization device when no corresponding high voltage has been detected by the voltage monitoring device over a certain period of time. As a result, false shutdowns can be reduced, but still high product safety can be realized. The delay times are to think of time periods of 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 20 seconds or 30 seconds.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Ionisationsvorrichtung als Luftionisationsvorrichtung und/oder als Entkeimungsvorrichtung ausgebildet ist. Bei einer derartigen Bauform eignet sich die Ionisationsvorrichtung in besonderen Maße für die Aufbereitung von einem Fahrzeug und/oder einem Gebäude zuzuführender Frischluft oder Außenluft. Gegebenenfalls kann aber auch Abluft (z. B. in Krankenhäusern oder bei Krankentransportfahrzeugen) aufbereitet werden.It is particularly advantageous if the ionization device is designed as an air ionization device and / or as a sterilization device. In such a design, the ionization device is particularly suitable Dimensions for the treatment of fresh air or outside air to be supplied by a vehicle and / or building. If necessary, exhaust air can also be treated (eg in hospitals or in ambulance vehicles).
Vorgeschlagen wird weiterhin eine Fahrzeugklimaanlage, insbesondere eine Kraftfahrzeugklimaanlage, welche wenigstens eine Ionisationsvorrichtung mit dem oben beschriebenen Aufbau aufweist. Die Fahrzeugklimaanlage weist dann die bereits beschriebenen Vorteile und Eigenschaften der Ionisationsvorrichtung in analoger Weise auf.Further proposed is a vehicle air conditioning system, in particular an automotive air conditioning system, which has at least one ionization device with the structure described above. The vehicle air conditioning system then has the already described advantages and properties of the ionization device in an analogous manner.
Weiterhin wird ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Kraftfahrzeug vorgeschlagen, welches wenigstens eine Fahrzeugklimaanlage mit dem obigen Aufbau und/oder wenigstens eine Ionisationsvorrichtung mit dem obigen Aufbau aufweist. Ein derartiges Fahrzeug weist dann ebenfalls die bereits vorab beschriebenen Vorteile und Eigenschaften der Fahrzeugklimaanlage bzw. der Ionisationsvorrichtung in analoger Weise auf. Bei den Fahrzeugen ist in beliebiger Weise an Luftfahrzeuge, Wasserfahrzeuge und insbesondere an Landfahrzeuge (schienengebunden/nicht-schienengebunden) zu denken.Furthermore, a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle is proposed, which has at least one vehicle air conditioner with the above structure and / or at least one ionization device with the above structure. Such a vehicle then likewise has the advantages and properties of the vehicle air conditioning system or of the ionization device described above in an analogous manner. The vehicles should be considered in any way on aircraft, watercraft and in particular on land vehicles (rail / non-rail).
Weiterhin wird ein Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Ionisationsvorrichtung für Gase, welche die Gase mittels Hochspannungselektroden ionisiert, vorgeschlagen, bei dem die Funktion wenigstens einer Hochspannungselektrode durch eine mit der Hochspannungselektrode verbundene, jedoch gesondert von der Hochspannungsquelle ausgebildete Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung überprüft wird. Ein solches Verfahren kann, insbesondere im Verhältnis zu bekannten Verfahren, eine besonders hohe Produktsicherheit der Ionisationsvorrichtung bei nur geringem Bauaufwand zur Verfügung stellen. Insbesondere kann die unerwünschte Freisetzung von Ionen (insbesondere speziellen lonenarten, wie z.B. Kationen) und/oder freien Radikalen effektiv verhindert werden. Im Übrigen gelten die bereits im Zusammenhang mit der Ionisationsvorrichtung beschriebenen Eigenschaften und Vorteile in analoger Weise auch für das vorgeschlagene Verfahren.Furthermore, a method is proposed for monitoring an ionization device for gases which ionizes the gases by means of high-voltage electrodes, in which the function of at least one high-voltage electrode is checked by a voltage monitoring device connected to the high-voltage electrode but separately from the high-voltage source. Such a method can, in particular in relation to known methods, provide a particularly high product safety of the ionization apparatus with only a small construction cost. In particular, the undesirable release of ions (especially specific ion species such as cations) and / or free radicals can be effectively prevented. Incidentally, the already in Associated with the ionization device described properties and advantages in an analogous manner also for the proposed method.
Insbesondere ist es möglich, das Verfahren so auszubilden, dass eine Hochspannungsquelle zumindest leistungsreduziert oder abgeschaltet wird, wenn die Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung feststellt, dass die Spannung unterhalb eines gewissen Referenzwerts liegt und/oder eine Hochspannungselektrode zumindest leistungserhöht wird, wenn die Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung feststellt, dass die Spannung einer Hochspannungselektrode oberhalb eines gewissen Referenzwerts liegt. Die Begriffe leistungserhöht bzw. leistungsreduziert beziehen sich insbesondere auf die Spannung der entsprechenden Hochspannungsquelle. Auch ein Ein- bzw. Ausschalten der entsprechenden Hochspannungsquelle ist denkbar.In particular, it is possible to design the method in such a way that a high-voltage source is at least reduced or switched off when the voltage monitoring device determines that the voltage is below a certain reference value and / or a high-voltage electrode is at least increased in power when the voltage monitoring device determines that the voltage of a High voltage electrode is above a certain reference value. The terms increased power or reduced power relate in particular to the voltage of the corresponding high voltage source. A switching on or off of the corresponding high voltage source is conceivable.
Vorteilhaft ist es insbesondere, wenn der Ausgabewert der Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung zeitverzögert erfolgt. Wie bereits erläutert, kann dadurch das Risiko von Fehlalarmen bzw. Fehlabschaltungen der lonisationsvorrichtung vermindert werden.It is advantageous, in particular, if the output value of the voltage monitoring device takes place with a time delay. As already explained, this can reduce the risk of false alarms or false shutdowns of the ionization device.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an Hand von Ausführungsbeispielen und unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- Den Prinzipaufbau eines lonengenerators mit zwei unterschiedlich polarisierten Elektroden;
- Fig. 2:
- Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Elektrodenüberwachungs-schaltung;
- Fig. 3:
- Ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Elektrodenüberwachungs-schaltung.
- Fig. 1:
- The basic structure of an ion generator with two differently polarized electrodes;
- Fig. 2:
- A first embodiment of an electrode monitoring circuit;
- 3:
- A second embodiment of an electrode monitoring circuit.
In
Die positive Elektrode 2 wird über Spannungsversorgungsleitungen 6 von einer ersten Hochspannungsquelle 4 mit einer Hochspannung im Bereich von etwa 4 kV versorgt. Die positive Elektrode 2 weist eine Keramikplatte 8 auf, die in einem oberen Bereich des Substrats 7 des lonengenerators 1 angeordnet ist. Die Keramikplatte 8 weist eine Entladungselektrode 9 sowie eine Induktionselektrode 10 auf, die in der Keramikplatte 8 vorgesehen sind. Die positive Hochspannung der ersten Hochspannungsquelle 4 wird zwischen der Entladungselektrode 9 und der Induktionselektrode 10 angelegt. Die positive Elektrode 2 ist dazu bestimmt, Kationen zu erzeugen.The
Eine zweite Hochspannungsquelle 5 versorgt eine nadelförmig ausgebildete negative Elektrode 3 über Spannungsversorgungsleitungen 6 mit einer negativen Hochspannung. Die Hochspannung liegt im vorliegend dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel im Bereich von 3,4 kV und wird zwischen dem Substrat 7 und der nadelförmigen Elektrode 3 angelegt. Wenn eine negative Hochspannung an der negativen Elektrode 3 angelegt ist, kommt es auf Grund der nadelartigen Form zu einer Plasmaentladung und eine große Anzahl von Elektronen 11 wird von der negativen Elektrode 3 abgegeben. Darüber hinaus kommt es zu einer Ansammlung von Kationen im Bereich der negativen Elektrode 3.A second
Wird mit Hilfe eines Ventilators 12 ein Luftstrom A erzeugt, der über die positive Elektrode 2 und die negative Elektrode 3 strömt, so wird Luftfeuchtigkeit (Wasser) 40, die im Luftstrom A vorhanden ist, an der positiven Elektrode 2 durch Plasmaentladung der Keramikplatte 8 ionisiert, und es entstehen Wasserstoffionen H+ 13. Anschließend erreicht der derartig ionisierte Luftstrom A den Bereich der negativen Elektrode 3. Die von der negativen Elektrode 3 freigesetzten Elektronen 11 ionisieren einen Teil des im Luftstroms A enthaltenen Sauerstoffs zu Sauerstoffionen O2 - 14. Darüber hinaus oxidieren die Elektronen 11 die positiven Wasserstoffionen 13 zu Wasserstoff 15. Der Wasserstoff 15 verbindet sich mit den negativen Sauerstoffionen 14 zu einem Wasserstoffperoxidradikal HO2, das die Proteine, die sich in den Zellmembranen der im Luftstrom A enthaltenen Keime, Bakterien, Viren oder Pilze zerstört, so dass diese abgetötet werden.When an air flow A flowing through the
Die beiden Elektroden 2, 3 stehen zusätzlich über gesondert ausgebildete Messleitungen 16 mit einer Steuerschaltung 17 elektrisch in Verbindung. Die Steuerschaltung 17 überprüft, ob an den Elektroden 2, 3 jeweils eine Spannung anliegt. Beim Fehlen einer entsprechenden Spannung gibt die Steuerschaltung 17 eine entsprechende Fehlermeldung aus, und schaltet beispielsweise die beiden Hochspannungsquellen 4, 5 über Steuerleitungen 18 außer Funktion.The two
In den folgenden
In
Die erste Spannungsmesseinrichtung 21 weist einen Spannungsteiler 23 auf, der beispielsweise zwei miteinander in Serie verbundene Ohmsche Widerstände 24, 25 aufweist. Das Verhältnis der Widerstandswerte der Widerstände 24, 25 ist dabei so gewählt, dass am Spannungsabgreifpunkt 26 eine von üblichen elektronischen Bauelementen beherrschbare Kleinspannung vorliegt. Hier ist beispielsweise an Spannungswerte im Bereich zwischen 3 Volt und 24 Volt zu denken.The first
Die am Spannungsabgreifpunkt 26 abgegriffene Spannung wird einem ersten Eingang 28 eines Komparators 27 zugeführt. Am zweiten Eingang 29 des Komparators liegt die Ausgangsspannung einer Referenzspannungsquelle 30 an. Der Komparator 27 überprüft, ob die am ersten Eingang 28 anliegende Spannung U1 größer oder gleich als die am zweiten Eingang 29 anliegende Spannung U2 ist. Mit anderen Worten überprüft der Komparator 27, ob die Bedingung U1 ≥ U2 erfüllt ist. Ist diese Bedingung nicht erfüllt, so deutet dies auf einen Fehler der ersten Hochspannungsquelle 4, der Spannungsversorgungsleitung 6, der Messleitung 16 oder eines anderen Bauteils des lonengenerators 1 hin. In diesem Fall liegt am invertierenden Ausgang 32 des Komparators 27 ein Signal an, wohingegen am nicht-invertierenden Ausgang 31 des Komparators 27 kein Signal anliegt. Der invertierende Ausgang 32 des Komparators 27 ist mit einer Fehlersignalleitung 33 elektrisch verbunden. Steht die Fehlersignalleitung 33 unter Spannung, so wird die erste Hochspannungsquelle 4 mittels eines entsprechenden Abschalteingangs 35 ausgeschaltet. Gleichzeitig kann über eine nicht dargestellte weitere Verschaltung die zweite Hochspannungsquelle 5 abgeschaltet werden und die die Warnlampe 34 aufleuchten, sodass ein Bediener des lonengenerators 1 den Fehler erkennen kann.The tapped at
Die zweite Messseinrichtung 22 ist analog zur ersten Messeinrichtung 21 aufgebaut. Ergänzend wird angemerkt, dass die invertierenden Ausgänge 32 der beiden Komparatoren 27 beider Spannungsmesseinrichtungen 21, 22 parallel geschaltet sind. Dadurch wird beim Auftreten eines Fehlers der gesamte lonengenerator 1 ausgeschaltet, unabhängig davon, wo der Fehler aufgetreten ist.The
Die Messeinrichtungen 21, 22 sind so aufgebaut, dass ein an den invertierenden Ausgängen 32 anliegendes Fehlersignal nicht sofort an die Fehlersignalleitung 33 ausgegeben wird, sondern erst dann, wenn das Fehlersignal über einen gewissen Zeitraum von beispielsweise t = 10 Sekunden oder länger hinweg auftritt. Dazu dienen die Zeitverzögerungselemente 39. Dadurch kann das Risiko von Fehlabschaltungen deutlich verringert werden.The measuring
In
Am zweiten Eingang 29 des Komparators 27 liegt die von einer Referenzspannungsquelle 30 bereit gestellte Referenzspannung U2 an. Auch vorliegend überprüft der Komparator 27, ob die die Bedingung U1 ≥ U2 erfüllt ist.At the
Ist diese Bedingung erfüllt, so liegt am nicht-invertierenden Ausgang 31 des Komparators 27 ein Signal an. Dieses Signal wird über eine Signalleitung 38 einem Einschalteingang 37 einer ersten Hochspannungsquelle 4 zugeführt. Das am Einschalteingang 37 anliegende Signal bewirkt, dass die erste Hochspannungsquelle 4 eine positive Hochspannung erzeugt, die über die Spannungsversorgungsleitung 6 der positiven Elektrode 2 zugeführt wird. Die Spannungsmesseinrichtung 36 bewirkt somit, dass die positive Elektrode 2 nur dann unter Spannung steht, wenn erkannt wurde, dass auch die negative Elektrode 3 unter Spannung steht (also mit anderen Worten die negative Elektrode 3 mit an Sicherheit grenzender Wahrscheinlichkeit unter Spannung steht).If this condition is met, a signal is present at the
Ist dagegen die am ersten Eingang 28 des Komparators 27 anliegende Spannung U1 kleiner als die Referenzspannung U2 der Referenzspannungsquelle 30, so ist der nicht-invertierende Ausgang 31 des Komparators 27 stromlos geschaltet, und die erste Hochspannungsquelle 4 bleibt (oder wird) ausgeschaltet. Gleichzeitig liegt am invertierenden Ausgang 32 ein Spannungssignal an. Dieses Fehlersignal wird über eine Fehlersignalleitung 33 einem Abschalteingang 35 der zweiten Hochspannungsquelle 5 zugeführt. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die zweite Hochspannungsquelle 5 ausgeschaltet wird.If, on the other hand, the voltage U 1 present at the
Um Fehlabschaltungen der Steuerschaltung 20 zu vermeiden, ist in die Fehlersignalleitung 33 analog zur in
Claims (13)
- An ionization device (1) for ionizing gases, comprising at least one high-voltage electrode (2, 3) having at least one high-voltage supply line (6) for the connection to a high-voltage source (4, 5), characterized by at least one voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) connected (16) to the high-voltage electrode (2, 3) independently of the high-voltage supply line (6).
- The ionization device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by a plurality of high-voltage electrodes (2, 37, in particular high-voltage electrodes (2, 3) at least some of which have differing polarization.
- The ionization device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) is connected to at least one positively polarized high-voltage electrode (2) and/or to at least one negatively polarized high-voltage electrode (2).
- An ionization device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one control unit (17, 19, 20), which is connected to the voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) and is preferably designed as an electronic control unit (17, 19, 20).
- The ionization device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one control unit (17, 19, 20) emits at least one signal (31) when the measured value (U1) of at least one voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) is below a reference value (U2) and/or when the measured value (U1) of at least one voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) is above a reference value (U2).
- The ionization device (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the at least one control unit (17, 19, 20) is connected to at least one high-voltage source (4, 5), and preferably the power output of a high-voltage source (4, 5) is at least reduced, or the high-voltage source is shut off, when the measured value (U1) of this voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) is below a reference value (U2) and/or the power output of at least one thigh-voltage source (4, 5) is at least increased when the measured value (U1) of a voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) is above a reference value (U2).
- An ionization device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by at least one time delay circuit (39).
- An ionization device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by being designed as an air ionization device (1) and/or as a sterilization ionization device (1).
- A vehicle air conditioning system, in particular a motor vehicle air conditioning system, comprising at least one ionization device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
- A vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising at least one vehicle air conditioning system according to claim 9 and/or at least one ionization device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
- A method for monitoring an ionization device (1) for gases which ionizes the gases by way of high-voltage electrodes (2, 3), characterized in that the function of at least one high-voltage electrode (2, 3) is checked by a voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) which is connected to the high-voltage electrode (4, 5), but designed separately from the high-voltage source (4, 5).
- The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the power output of a high-voltage source (4, 5) is at least reduced, or the high-voltage source is shut off, when the voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) establishes that the voltage (U1) is below a particular reference value (U2) and/or the power output of a high-voltage electrode (2, 3) is at least increased when the voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) establishes that the voltage (U1) of a high-voltage electrode (2, 3) is above a particular reference value (U2).
- The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a value of the voltage monitoring unit (21, 22, 36) is output with time delay (39).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE200810049279 DE102008049279A1 (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | ionization |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2169793A2 EP2169793A2 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
EP2169793A3 EP2169793A3 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2169793B1 true EP2169793B1 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20090171197 Active EP2169793B1 (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2009-09-24 | Ionisation device |
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DE (1) | DE102008049279A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102016008900B4 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2020-08-06 | Audi Ag | Ventilation arrangement with an ionization device for a vehicle |
DE102016115441A1 (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-02-22 | Faiveley Transport Leipzig Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electro-mechanical filter system for cleaning air in rail vehicles |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4665462A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1987-05-12 | The Simco Company, Inc. | Ionizing gas gun for balanced static elimination |
US4809127A (en) * | 1987-08-11 | 1989-02-28 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Self-regulating air ionizing apparatus |
JP2000071758A (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-07 | Zexel Corp | Vehicle air conditioner with anion generating function |
EP1508948B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2014-03-05 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Low voltage modular room ionization system |
US6252756B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-06-26 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Low voltage modular room ionization system |
WO2000038288A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Self-balancing ionizer monitor |
JP3460021B2 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2003-10-27 | シャープ株式会社 | Ion generator and air conditioner equipped with the same |
US6850403B1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2005-02-01 | Ion Systems, Inc. | Air ionizer and method |
IL150766A (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-06-01 | Yefim Riskin | Method of ion generation and ion generator |
US6826030B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-11-30 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Method of offset voltage control for bipolar ionization systems |
US7180722B2 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2007-02-20 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Alternating current monitor for an ionizer power supply |
KR20060010230A (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2006-02-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Ion generation apparatus |
KR100720356B1 (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2007-05-22 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Ion generator |
KR100680202B1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2007-02-08 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Control device for cleaning air and control method therefor |
EP1791232B1 (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2014-01-08 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Air cleaning apparatus using an ion generating apparatus |
KR100813032B1 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2008-03-14 | (주)선재하이테크 | An ion blower forwarding ionized air straightforward |
-
2008
- 2008-09-26 DE DE200810049279 patent/DE102008049279A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2009
- 2009-09-24 EP EP20090171197 patent/EP2169793B1/en active Active
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DE102008049279A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
EP2169793A3 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2169793A2 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
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