EP2169305A1 - Pulsating boiler - Google Patents

Pulsating boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2169305A1
EP2169305A1 EP09305891A EP09305891A EP2169305A1 EP 2169305 A1 EP2169305 A1 EP 2169305A1 EP 09305891 A EP09305891 A EP 09305891A EP 09305891 A EP09305891 A EP 09305891A EP 2169305 A1 EP2169305 A1 EP 2169305A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
chamber
boiler
ignition
notches
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP09305891A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2169305B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Drevet
Marc Laspeyres
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Muller et Cie SA
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Muller et Cie SA
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Priority to SI200931523A priority Critical patent/SI2169305T1/en
Publication of EP2169305A1 publication Critical patent/EP2169305A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2169305B1 publication Critical patent/EP2169305B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C15/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in pulses influenced by acoustic resonance in a gas mass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2214/00—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00018—Means for protecting parts of the burner, e.g. ceramic lining outside of the flame tube

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pulsating boiler, for example for heating heating water. More specifically, the invention relates to the combustion chamber of the heating body.
  • a pulsating boiler comprises a heating body which is in the form of a cylinder defining an enclosure. This chamber has at its summit a premix chamber whose bottom is connected to a valve valve. The valve is, in part, inserted above a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is connected to a heat exchanger which finally opens on an expansion chamber located at the bottom of the cylinder forming the enclosure.
  • part of the flap valve, the outer metal wall of the combustion chamber and the exchanger are immersed in the water of the heating circuit to be heated.
  • the heating body is connected to an intake pot, outside the chamber, from its pre-mixing chamber.
  • the valve valve allows, intermittently and in a controlled manner, the introduction into the ignition chamber of a gaseous mixture oxidizer / fuel. This mixing is done in a premix chamber receiving both oxidant and fuel, for example air and a hydrocarbon gas; then this mixture is admitted by the valve valve in the intake duct, to finally end up in the combustion chamber of the boiler to ignite.
  • the valve gate comprises essentially four parts: a body, a valve stop, a set of ignition means and a valve.
  • the upper portion of the valve stop communicates through openings with the gas pre-mixing chamber.
  • the gas mixture is introduced into the intake duct, both by pressure of the gaseous mixture of the premix chamber on the top of the valve and by suction from below the valve. This suction phenomenon is produced following the expansion of the combustion gases in the combustion chamber, causing the ejection of the flue gases into the expansion chamber. This creates a depression upstream in the intake duct of same as in the pre-mixing chamber, via the flapper valve.
  • the body of the valve receives the valve stop, the assembly is mounted directly on the top of the combustion chamber.
  • the ignition means are fixed on both sides of the valve body assembly and stopper and include in particular a spark plug, inserted in a cylindrical part. At startup, this candle ignites the gases inside the combustion chamber.
  • the cylindrical piece in which the candle is inserted is called a flame positioner. This cylindrical piece flares flange at its lower end, located in the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber comprises in particular an ignition chamber. It also includes an expansion chamber in the extension of the ignition chamber.
  • the combustion chamber is delimited by a metal wall.
  • This wall may have the general appearance of a bell, at the top of which is fixed the valve. More precisely, the wall may have the shape of an inverted tulip. An upper part of this wall has a substantially parabolic section along a plane passing through an axis of revolution of said wall. A bottom portion of said wall has a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the ignition chamber is delimited by a second metal wall, coaxial with the first and having a similar shape of inverted bell or tulip.
  • the two walls are separated by a small space.
  • the first ignition of the gaseous mixture for about one to two seconds, are therefore ensured thanks to the spark plug present inside the collar located in the heart of the ignition chamber. Then, subsequently, the gases sucked into the combustion chamber self-ignite due to the temperature present in the ignition chamber. More precisely, this self-ignition takes place at the moment when the gases are close to a more or less extensive zone. Said area is called a hot spot. This hot spot is located along the wall of the ignition chamber.
  • the surface of the inner wall of the ignition chamber is coated with a refractory material.
  • This material has a heat shield effect with respect to the inner wall of the combustion chamber, which surrounds the wall of the ignition chamber.
  • the outer surface of the wall of the combustion chamber is, in turn, in direct contact with the water to be heated.
  • a technical problem encountered with this type of device is that, as and when the mixture injected into the ignition chamber is burned, the inner wall of this chamber rises in temperature. However, this rise in temperature, although progressive, induces a displacement of the localized area defining the hot spot.
  • a warming of the inner wall delimiting the ignition chamber operates.
  • This heating is effected from the bottom to the top of the ignition chamber, towards the top of the wall in the shape of an inverted tulip.
  • This phenomenon causes a rise in the hot spot area. Due to a higher temperature at the top of the chamber, the gases just entering the ignition chamber expand more rapidly. With the rise of the hot spot, they self-ignite and faster.
  • This mechanism has the effect of reducing the suction phenomenon in the ignition chamber and in particular the amount of oxygen admitted into the ignition chamber. The combustion is then incomplete. Depending on the operating time of the boiler and the heat content of the gas injected into the chamber, it can be observed, following the lack of oxygen, a choking and then a complete shutdown of the boiler.
  • a boiler is made to operate more or less long depending on the amount of water to be heated in the circuit, but also according to its power.
  • the power of a boiler is determined by its technical characteristics and in particular by its ability to admit a greater or lesser tolerance of the fuel richness it is delivered.
  • An object of the invention is to remedy these problems by modifying the wall of the ignition chamber.
  • said wall is perforated with one or more notches.
  • These notches are located on the periphery of the wall of the ignition chamber. Preferably, this or these notches are substantially horizontal. More preferably, all or the notches are contained in the same horizontal plane.
  • the notch or notches are placed at a height between a top of the ignition chamber and a base of the flange of the flame positioner, that is to say of the cylindrical part surrounding the spark plug. ignition.
  • the notch or notches are located near a level corresponding to a base of said flange, while remaining above said level of the base of the flange.
  • an upper part of the wall of the ignition chamber has a substantially parabolic section along a plane passing through an axis of the chamber; a lower portion of the wall has a substantially cylindrical shape; a boundary between said upper and lower portions is substantially at the level of the base of the flange of the flame positioner.
  • the notch or notches are located near the boundary between said upper and lower parts of the wall of the ignition chamber. More preferably, this limit is located at a height corresponding to approximately one third of the total height of the wall of the ignition chamber, starting from a top of said wall.
  • notches separated by solid parts joining an upper part and a lower part of the wall of the ignition chamber, are distributed uniformly along a horizontal circular section of the wall.
  • a horizontal circular section of the wall of the ignition chamber comprises three notches of identical shape and three solid parts of identical shape.
  • the length of a notch is greater than that of a solid part.
  • the notches not only stabilize the location of the hot spot, but also prevent too much heat loss through the heat shield of the wall of the fire chamber.
  • This heating can involve, by thermal conduction, a too important temperature of the support on which it is fixed as well as the wall of the ignition chamber.
  • this support fits the valve valve.
  • the temperature of said flap valve must be completely controlled in order to run no risk of ignition of the air / gas mixture within the intake duct.
  • Another object of the invention is to limit the excessive heating of the body of the valve, by thermal conduction with the support of the walls of the combustion and ignition chambers.
  • the invention provides for the presence of at least two insulating joints, surrounding the body of the flap valve. The support of the combustion and ignition walls comes to fit in contact with these joints.
  • FIG. 1 On the figure 1 is represented a pulsating boiler 1 provided with its valve 2 valve. In this figure, only appears the main heating body of the boiler 1; the intake pot and the pot of relaxation are not included. In addition, the valve of the valve 2 is not shown.
  • the boiler 1 has at its top, above a valve 2 with a valve, a premix chamber 3 for receiving from an intake inlet 4 a gaseous premix of the air / hydrocarbon gas type.
  • Valve 2 has a valve mounted inside a support 5.
  • Said support 5 has a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the wall 6 has the shape of a bell. More specifically, said wall 6 has the shape of an inverted tulip.
  • a first part 8 of said tulip is substantially a surface of revolution about an axis 15.
  • Said axis 15 is also an axis of revolution of the valve 2 with a valve and the support 5.
  • a section of the part 8, according to a plan vertical passing through the axis 15, has a substantially parabolic shape.
  • a second portion 9 of the wall 6 has a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the outside of the wall 6 is surrounded by water to be heated.
  • the ignition chamber 10 is delimited by a wall 12.
  • a top of said wall 12 is fixed to a part lower part of the support 5, on an outer wall of the cylinder, under the fixing of the wall 6.
  • the wall 12 of the ignition chamber 10 has an inverted tulip shape similar to that of the wall 6.
  • a first part 8.1 of said wall 12 is substantially a surface of revolution about the axis 15.
  • a section of the part 8.1, in a vertical plane passing through the axis 15, has a substantially parabolic shape.
  • a second portion 9.1 of the wall 12 has a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • An empty space, of substantially constant thickness, separates the outside of the wall 12 from the inside of the wall 6.
  • a base of the combustion chamber 7 is separated from the chamber 11 by a metal honeycomb structure 13 for stiffening the combustion chamber 7.
  • the structure of the heating body also comprises, downstream, that is to say below, the expansion chamber 11, a chamber 14 called expansion chamber.
  • This chamber 14 is composed of different evacuation conduits, helically with respect to the central axis 15 of revolution of the heating body.
  • the valve 2 with a valve is provided with an intake duct 21 of the air / gas mixture in the combustion chamber 7.
  • the intake duct 21 consists of a substantially cylindrical space with a vertical axis 15.
  • the valve 2 to valve also comprises ignition means 16 for producing the first ignition of the gas mixture.
  • These ignition means 16 include in particular a spark plug (not shown), inserted inside a flame positioner 17.
  • This flame positioner 17 is in the form of a cylindrical piece 18 flaring at its lower end forming a collar 19.
  • the spark plug produces an ignition spark inside the collar 19.
  • the collar 19 of the flame positioner 17 is placed in the center of the ignition chamber 10 at a height of between one third and one half of the total height of the bell forming the wall 12, starting from the top of said wall 12.
  • the flange 19 is placed at a height of approximately one third of the total height of the bell forming the wall 12, starting from the top of said wall 12.
  • the top of the wall 12 of the ignition chamber 10, the lower end of the support 5 and the lower end of the valve 2 with a flap inserted into the support 5, are substantially all located in the same plane. horizontal.
  • one or more notches 20 pass right through the thickness of the wall 12.
  • the notches 20 are substantially contained in a plane perpendicular to the axis 15 of the heating body, in a horizontal section of the bell forming the wall 12 of the ignition chamber 10.
  • a notch 20 is in the form of a horizontal slot, traversing part of the circumference of a horizontal section of the wall 12 of the combustion chamber 10.
  • the notches are separated by solid parts allowing keep an upper part and a lower part of the wall 12 integral.
  • the figure 2 represents a sectional view, along a vertical plane passing through the central axis 15, of the ignition chamber 10 of the boiler represented in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the notches are located on the wall 12, at a height substantially corresponding to the boundary between the portion 8.1 of parabolic section and the cylindrical portion 9.1 of this wall 12.
  • the part 8.1 represents between one third and one half of the total height of the wall 12. Consequently, the part 9.1 represents between one half and two thirds of the total height of the wall 12.
  • a length of the cylindrical part 18 of the flame positioner 17 is such that a lower end of the flange 19, a base of said flange 19, is contained in a horizontal plane situated slightly below the horizontal plane corresponding to the notches 20.
  • the notches 20 have a height h, measured along a vertical axis.
  • a distance d between a horizontal plane containing the base of the flange 19 and a horizontal plane passing halfway up the notches 20 Preferably, the distance d is between one and five times the height h of the notches 20 .
  • the openings created by the notches 20 in the wall 12, in direct contact with the air gap separating the wall 12 from the wall 6, are located higher than the base of the collar 19. Said openings are therefore find upstream of the spark plug, and therefore the first ignitions of the gas mixture from the valve gate.
  • the gas flow zone between the inside of the parabolic portion 8.1 of the wall 12 and the top of the collar 19 the gas flow is sufficiently fast and directed so that the mixture does not rush to the through openings created by the notches 20 of the wall 12.
  • the flared shape of the flange 19 also improves the flow and the effects of turbulence. In particular, it makes it possible to cool the inside of the parabolic portion 8.1 of the wall 12 better thanks to the volume of the incoming air / hydrocarbon gas mixture, before the latter ignites.
  • the flange 19 also prevents the same volume of mixing from being immediately presented in contact with the candle when it enters the chamber 10. In fact, since the candle is fitted into the cylindrical duct 18, a spark of ignition occurs. inside the collar 19. Before coming into contact with said spark, the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture entering the ignition chamber 10 has the time to be distributed relatively homogeneously within said chamber . In addition, the highest point of ignition of the mixture remains below the notches 20.
  • notches are made at the circumference of a section of the wall 12 as described above, they are preferably of identical shape and dimensions. More precisely, they are of identical length and height.
  • the notches 20 are separated by solid portions 20.1.
  • these solid parts are also of identical shape and dimensions, in particular of identical length. The length is measured along a horizontal circular section of the wall 12.
  • the length of a notch 20 is greater than the length of a spacing between two notches, that is to say the length of a solid portion 20.1. More preferably, the length of a notch 20 is greater than five times the length of a solid portion 20.1. Even more preferably, the length of a notch 20 is greater than eight times the length of a solid portion 20.1.
  • the parts of the wall 12, located respectively above and below the notches 20, are connected by a minimum of material. They are therefore thermally insulated from one another by an air slice, the wall retaining sufficient rigidity during explosions related to the ignition of the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture.
  • the figure 3 is a sectional view, in a horizontal plane passing halfway up the notches 20, the ignition chamber 10 of the boiler represented at the figure 1 .
  • the wall 12 comprises three notches 20 located along a horizontal circular section of the ignition chamber 10.
  • the number of solid portions 20.1 is also three.
  • the three notches 20 are of identical length.
  • the solid parts 20.1 are of identical length.
  • the following dimensions can be adopted for a boiler as represented in figures 1 , 2 and 3 the diameter of a horizontal circular section of the wall 12, at the notches 20, is approximately 100 mm; the length of a solid portion 20.1, measured along said horizontal section, is about 10 mm; the length of a notch 20 measured along said horizontal section is about 95 mm.
  • the high temperatures of the lower part 9.1 are related to the ignition of the gaseous mixture within the ignition chamber 10.
  • This hot spot corresponds to an area of low height, located on a horizontal circular section of the wall 12.
  • the hot spot is therefore in the form of a ring on the inner face, covered with a refractory material, the wall 12.
  • the hot spot is located on the cylindrical portion 9.1 of the wall 12.
  • the hot spot is located slightly below the base of the collar 19, that is to say at the level of the first ignition of the gaseous mixture in the chamber 10 by the candle.
  • this hot spot has a tendency to rise regularly along the wall 12. In doing so, it exceeds the level of the base of the collar 19 to go up again along the parabolic portion 8.1, with a risk of being too close to the valve 2 valve and the air / gas hydrocarbon mixing zone.
  • this rise of the hot spot involves a disturbance of the frequency of the pulsation of the valve of the valve 2.
  • This rise of the hot spot mainly causes a large production of carbon monoxide, due to a lack of contribution of air and incomplete combustion.
  • the admission of a new volume air / hydrocarbon gas takes place first within the chamber 3 premix through the openings of the valve valve.
  • the gaseous mixture then passes through the intake duct 21, before entering the upper part of the ignition chamber 10.
  • This upper part of the ignition chamber 10 corresponds to the parabolic portion 8.1 of the wall 12.
  • the part upper part of the ignition chamber 10 also comprises the lower part of the ignition means 16, in particular the cylinder 18 with, at its end, the collar 19.
  • the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture ignites on contact with the corresponding zone at the hot spot. After the explosion, evacuation of the gas flow towards the expansion chamber 11 and then the expansion chamber 14 causes a phenomenon of depression at the top of the ignition chamber 10 and thus generates a suction in the part located in upstream of said chamber. In the same movement, the valve of the valve 2 releases openings of said valve 2, communicating with the premix chamber 3. A suction phenomenon allows a new volume of the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture to enter the chamber premixing to the intake duct 21.
  • the fuel here the hydrocarbon gas
  • the oxidant in this case air
  • the notches as previously described maintain the hot spot at a level located in an upper portion of the cylindrical portion 9.1 of the ignition chamber.
  • the hot spot is close to the level of the base of the flange 19.
  • a temperature of the wall 12 at the top of the bell may be of the order of 120 ° C.
  • a temperature of the interior of the same wall 12 at the hot spot may be of the order of 900 ° C. Thanks to the refractory material inside the wall 12, as well as to the air gap between the two walls 12 and 6, said wall 6 maintains a controlled temperature for appropriately heating the heating water in which she is immersed.
  • a boiler is made to operate more or less long depending on the amount of water to be heated in the circuit, but also according to its power.
  • the power of a boiler is determined by its technical characteristics and in particular by its ability to admit a greater or lesser tolerance of the energy content of the fuel delivered to it.
  • a boiler can operate in a normative range of +/- 7.5%, which corresponds to the range of ignition speed of the gas used. Indeed, the gas ignites more or less rapidly depending on its richness.
  • the notches 20 can increase the power of the boiler of the order of 20%, or a power of 20 KW to 25 KW.
  • a preferred form of the invention provides for the presence of two seals (22, 23) in order to isolate the support 5 from the valve 2.
  • at least two seals (22, 23) are placed one above the other and partly inserted in the gutters present in the outer wall of a cylindrical portion 24 of the valve 2.
  • one of the two seals 22 is placed substantially at half height of this cylindrical portion.
  • the second seal 23 is placed above the seal 22, while remaining below an upper end of the support 5.
  • the cylindrical portion 24 is inserted into the support 5. Due to a relief presented by the seals outside said portion 24, an inner wall of the support 5 is in contact with the seals (22, 23) without direct contact with an outer wall of the portion 24. Thus, a space is preserved between the support 5 and the portion 24 of the valve 2. Said valve 2 is protected from high temperatures that can be reached by the support 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The boiler (1) has a flap gate (2) provided with an inlet conduit (21) in downstream of a pre-mixing chamber (3). A combustion chamber (7) contains a flash chamber (11) in an extension of an ignition chamber (10) in downstream of the inlet conduit. The combustion chamber is delimited by a metal wall (6), and the ignition chamber surrounds a flame positioner (17). The ignition chamber is delimited by another metal wall (12) that is coaxial to the former wall. The latter wall of the ignition chamber is perforated by notches (20).

Description

La présente invention concerne une chaudière pulsatoire, destinée par exemple à chauffer de l'eau de chauffage. Plus précisément, l'invention concerne la chambre de combustion du corps de chauffe.The present invention relates to a pulsating boiler, for example for heating heating water. More specifically, the invention relates to the combustion chamber of the heating body.

Une chaudière pulsatoire comporte un corps de chauffe qui se présente sous la forme d'un cylindre définissant une enceinte. Cette enceinte comporte à son sommet une chambre de pré-mélange dont le dessous est relié à une vanne à clapet. La vanne est, en partie, insérée au dessus d'une chambre de combustion, la chambre de combustion est reliée à un échangeur thermique qui débouche finalement sur une chambre de détente située au bas du cylindre formant l'enceinte.A pulsating boiler comprises a heating body which is in the form of a cylinder defining an enclosure. This chamber has at its summit a premix chamber whose bottom is connected to a valve valve. The valve is, in part, inserted above a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is connected to a heat exchanger which finally opens on an expansion chamber located at the bottom of the cylinder forming the enclosure.

A l'intérieur du corps de chauffe, une partie de la vanne à clapet, la paroi métallique extérieure de la chambre de combustion et l'échangeur baignent dans l'eau du circuit de chauffage destinée à être réchauffée.Inside the heating body, part of the flap valve, the outer metal wall of the combustion chamber and the exchanger are immersed in the water of the heating circuit to be heated.

Le corps de chauffe est relié à un pot d'admission, extérieur à l'enceinte, à partir de sa chambre de pré-mélange.The heating body is connected to an intake pot, outside the chamber, from its pre-mixing chamber.

La vanne à clapet permet, par intermittence et de façon contrôlée, l'introduction dans la chambre d'inflammation d'un mélange gazeux comburant / carburant. Ce mélange se fait dans une chambre de pré-mélange recevant à la fois comburant et carburant, par exemple de l'air et un gaz hydrocarbure ; puis ce mélange est admis par la vanne à clapet dans le conduit d'admission, pour aboutir finalement dans la chambre de combustion de la chaudière afin de s'y enflammer.The valve valve allows, intermittently and in a controlled manner, the introduction into the ignition chamber of a gaseous mixture oxidizer / fuel. This mixing is done in a premix chamber receiving both oxidant and fuel, for example air and a hydrocarbon gas; then this mixture is admitted by the valve valve in the intake duct, to finally end up in the combustion chamber of the boiler to ignite.

La vanne à clapet comprend essentiellement quatre parties : un corps, une butée de clapet, un ensemble de moyens d'allumage et un clapet.The valve gate comprises essentially four parts: a body, a valve stop, a set of ignition means and a valve.

La partie supérieure de la butée de clapet communique par des ouvertures avec la chambre de pré-mélange des gaz. Le mélange gazeux est introduit dans le conduit d'admission, à la fois par pression du mélange gazeux de la chambre de pré-mélange sur le dessus du clapet et par une aspiration du dessous du clapet. Ce phénomène d'aspiration est produit suite à l'expansion des gaz en combustion au sein de la chambre de combustion, provoquant l'éjection des gaz brûlés dans la chambre de détente. Ceci crée une dépression en amont dans le conduit d'admission de même que dans la chambre de pré-mélange, par l'intermédiaire de la vanne à clapet.The upper portion of the valve stop communicates through openings with the gas pre-mixing chamber. The gas mixture is introduced into the intake duct, both by pressure of the gaseous mixture of the premix chamber on the top of the valve and by suction from below the valve. This suction phenomenon is produced following the expansion of the combustion gases in the combustion chamber, causing the ejection of the flue gases into the expansion chamber. This creates a depression upstream in the intake duct of same as in the pre-mixing chamber, via the flapper valve.

L'éjection de ces gaz brûlés engendre ainsi l'aspiration d'une nouvelle quantité de mélange air / gaz dans la chambre de combustion.The ejection of these burnt gases thus causes the suction of a new quantity of air / gas mixture in the combustion chamber.

Le corps de la vanne reçoit la butée de clapet, l'ensemble est monté directement sur le dessus de la chambre de combustion.The body of the valve receives the valve stop, the assembly is mounted directly on the top of the combustion chamber.

Les moyens d'allumage sont fixés de part et d'autre de l'ensemble corps et butée de clapet et comprennent notamment une bougie de premier allumage, insérée dans une pièce cylindrique. Au démarrage, cette bougie enflamme les gaz à l'intérieur même de la chambre de combustion. La pièce cylindrique dans laquelle est insérée la bougie est appelée positionneur de flamme. Cette pièce cylindrique s'évase en collerette à son extrémité inférieure, située dans la chambre de combustion.The ignition means are fixed on both sides of the valve body assembly and stopper and include in particular a spark plug, inserted in a cylindrical part. At startup, this candle ignites the gases inside the combustion chamber. The cylindrical piece in which the candle is inserted is called a flame positioner. This cylindrical piece flares flange at its lower end, located in the combustion chamber.

La chambre de combustion comprend notamment une chambre d'inflammation. Elle comprend également une chambre d'expansion dans le prolongement de la chambre d'inflammation. La chambre de combustion est délimitée par une paroi métallique. Cette paroi peut présenter l'aspect général d'une cloche, au sommet de laquelle est fixée la vanne. Plus précisément, la paroi peut présenter la forme d'une tulipe renversée. Une partie haute de cette paroi présente une section sensiblement parabolique selon un plan passant par un axe de révolution de ladite paroi. Une partie basse de ladite paroi présente une forme sensiblement cylindrique.The combustion chamber comprises in particular an ignition chamber. It also includes an expansion chamber in the extension of the ignition chamber. The combustion chamber is delimited by a metal wall. This wall may have the general appearance of a bell, at the top of which is fixed the valve. More precisely, the wall may have the shape of an inverted tulip. An upper part of this wall has a substantially parabolic section along a plane passing through an axis of revolution of said wall. A bottom portion of said wall has a substantially cylindrical shape.

A l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion, la chambre d'inflammation est délimitée par une seconde paroi métallique, coaxiale à la première et présentant une forme similaire de cloche ou de tulipe renversée. Les deux parois sont séparées par un petit espace.Inside the combustion chamber, the ignition chamber is delimited by a second metal wall, coaxial with the first and having a similar shape of inverted bell or tulip. The two walls are separated by a small space.

Les toutes premières inflammations du mélange gazeux, pendant une à deux secondes environ, sont donc assurées grâce à la bougie d'allumage présente à l'intérieur de la collerette située au coeur de la chambre d'inflammation. Puis, par la suite, les gaz aspirés dans la chambre de combustion s'auto-enflamment du fait de la température présente dans la chambre d'inflammation. Plus précisément, cette auto-inflammation s'effectue au moment où les gaz sont à proximité d'une zone plus ou moins étendue. Ladite zone est qualifiée de point chaud. Ce point chaud est localisé le long de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation.The first ignition of the gaseous mixture, for about one to two seconds, are therefore ensured thanks to the spark plug present inside the collar located in the heart of the ignition chamber. Then, subsequently, the gases sucked into the combustion chamber self-ignite due to the temperature present in the ignition chamber. More precisely, this self-ignition takes place at the moment when the gases are close to a more or less extensive zone. Said area is called a hot spot. This hot spot is located along the wall of the ignition chamber.

Or, un problème se pose quant à la stabilité du lieu où se trouve ce point chaud. En effet, afin que la combustion du mélange gazeux soit optimale et que le mélange soit brûlé en totalité, il faut que la température soit suffisamment élevée au sein de la chambre d'inflammation. Dans le cas contraire, un dépôt se produit le long des parois de la chambre et induit son encrassement. De plus, une mauvaise combustion, due notamment à une température de combustion trop basse, implique la production de monoxyde de carbone (CO), qui est un gaz extrêmement nocif.However, a problem arises as to the stability of the place where this hot spot is. Indeed, so that the combustion of the gas mixture is optimal and that the mixture is burned in all, it is necessary that the temperature is sufficiently high within the ignition chamber. In the opposite case, a deposit occurs along the walls of the chamber and induces its fouling. In addition, poor combustion, due in particular to a low combustion temperature, involves the production of carbon monoxide (CO), which is an extremely harmful gas.

Afin de conserver une chambre d'inflammation à une température permettant une combustion complète du mélange, la surface de la paroi intérieure de la chambre d'inflammation est revêtue d'un matériau réfractaire. Ce matériau a un effet de bouclier thermique vis à vis de la paroi interne de la chambre de combustion, qui entoure la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation. La surface extérieure de la paroi de la chambre de combustion est, quant à elle, au contact direct de l'eau à réchauffer.In order to maintain an ignition chamber at a temperature permitting complete combustion of the mixture, the surface of the inner wall of the ignition chamber is coated with a refractory material. This material has a heat shield effect with respect to the inner wall of the combustion chamber, which surrounds the wall of the ignition chamber. The outer surface of the wall of the combustion chamber is, in turn, in direct contact with the water to be heated.

Un problème technique rencontré avec ce type de dispositif est que, au fur et à mesure de la combustion du mélange injecté dans la chambre d'inflammation, la paroi intérieure de cette chambre monte en température. Or, cette montée en température, bien que progressive, induit un déplacement de la zone localisée définissant le point chaud.A technical problem encountered with this type of device is that, as and when the mixture injected into the ignition chamber is burned, the inner wall of this chamber rises in temperature. However, this rise in temperature, although progressive, induces a displacement of the localized area defining the hot spot.

En effet, selon la durée, plus ou moins longue, de fonctionnement de la chaudière, un réchauffement de la paroi intérieure délimitant la chambre d'inflammation s'opère. Ce réchauffement s'effectue du bas vers le haut de la chambre d'inflammation, en direction du sommet de la paroi en forme de tulipe renversée. Ce phénomène entraîne une remontée de la zone du point chaud. Du fait d'une température plus élevée en haut de la chambre, les gaz entrant tout juste dans la chambre d'inflammation se dilatent plus rapidement. Avec la remontée du point chaud, ils s'auto-enflamment ainsi plus rapidement.Indeed, according to the duration, more or less long, of operation of the boiler, a warming of the inner wall delimiting the ignition chamber operates. This heating is effected from the bottom to the top of the ignition chamber, towards the top of the wall in the shape of an inverted tulip. This phenomenon causes a rise in the hot spot area. Due to a higher temperature at the top of the chamber, the gases just entering the ignition chamber expand more rapidly. With the rise of the hot spot, they self-ignite and faster.

Ce mécanisme a pour effet d'atténuer le phénomène d'aspiration dans la chambre d'inflammation et notamment la quantité d'oxygène admise au sein de la chambre d'inflammation. La combustion est alors incomplète. Selon la durée de fonctionnement de la chaudière et la richesse calorifique du gaz injecté dans la chambre, on peut assister, suite au défaut d'oxygène, à un étouffement puis à un arrêt complet de la chaudière.This mechanism has the effect of reducing the suction phenomenon in the ignition chamber and in particular the amount of oxygen admitted into the ignition chamber. The combustion is then incomplete. Depending on the operating time of the boiler and the heat content of the gas injected into the chamber, it can be observed, following the lack of oxygen, a choking and then a complete shutdown of the boiler.

De plus, une chaudière est amenée à fonctionner plus ou moins longtemps selon la quantité d'eau à réchauffer dans le circuit, mais aussi selon sa puissance.In addition, a boiler is made to operate more or less long depending on the amount of water to be heated in the circuit, but also according to its power.

La puissance d'une chaudière est déterminée par ses caractéristiques techniques et notamment par sa capacité à pouvoir admettre une tolérance plus ou moins grande de la richesse en carburant qui lui est délivrée.The power of a boiler is determined by its technical characteristics and in particular by its ability to admit a greater or lesser tolerance of the fuel richness it is delivered.

On peut déterminer un seuil énergétique, au dessous duquel la chaudière ne délivre pas la puissance prévue, voire ne fonctionne pas du tout. On peut également déterminer un seuil au dessus duquel la chaudière ne peut délivrer sa puissance, du fait d'un carburant trop riche. En effet, la richesse du carburant peut entraîner des températures de combustion plus élevées que la gamme appropriée pour la chaudière. Ceci peut entraîner une remontée du point chaud encore plus rapide le long de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation. La puissance maximale de fonctionnement autorisée de la chaudière pulsatoire est alors diminuée.We can determine an energy threshold, below which the boiler does not deliver the expected power, or even does not work at all. It is also possible to determine a threshold above which the boiler can not deliver its power, because of a fuel too rich. Indeed, the richness of the fuel can lead to higher combustion temperatures than the appropriate range for the boiler. This can cause the hot spot to rise even faster along the wall of the ignition chamber. The maximum permissible operating power of the pulsating boiler is then reduced.

Un objet de l'invention est de remédier à ces problèmes en modifiant la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation. Selon l'invention, ladite paroi est perforée d'une ou de plusieurs encoches.An object of the invention is to remedy these problems by modifying the wall of the ignition chamber. According to the invention, said wall is perforated with one or more notches.

Ces encoches sont situées sur le pourtour de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation. De manière préférentielle, cette ou ces encoches sont sensiblement horizontales. De manière plus préférentielle, l'ensemble de la ou des encoches sont contenues dans un même plan horizontal.These notches are located on the periphery of the wall of the ignition chamber. Preferably, this or these notches are substantially horizontal. More preferably, all or the notches are contained in the same horizontal plane.

De manière préférentielle, la ou les encoches sont placées à une hauteur comprise entre un sommet de la chambre d'inflammation et une base de la collerette du positionneur de flamme, c'est-à-dire de la pièce cylindrique entourant la bougie d'allumage.Preferably, the notch or notches are placed at a height between a top of the ignition chamber and a base of the flange of the flame positioner, that is to say of the cylindrical part surrounding the spark plug. ignition.

De manière plus préférentielle, la ou les encoches sont situées proches d'un niveau correspondant à une base de ladite collerette, tout en restant au-dessus dudit niveau de la base de la collerette.More preferably, the notch or notches are located near a level corresponding to a base of said flange, while remaining above said level of the base of the flange.

Selon une forme préférentielle de l'invention, une partie supérieure de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation a une section sensiblement parabolique selon un plan passant par un axe de la chambre; une partie inférieure de la paroi a une forme sensiblement cylindrique; une limite entre lesdites parties supérieure et inférieure se trouve sensiblement au niveau de la base de la collerette du positionneur de flamme.According to a preferred form of the invention, an upper part of the wall of the ignition chamber has a substantially parabolic section along a plane passing through an axis of the chamber; a lower portion of the wall has a substantially cylindrical shape; a boundary between said upper and lower portions is substantially at the level of the base of the flange of the flame positioner.

Selon cette forme préférentielle de l'invention, la ou les encoches sont situées proches de la limite entre lesdites parties supérieure et inférieure de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation. De manière plus préférentielle, cette limite est située à une hauteur correspondant approximativement au tiers de la hauteur totale de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation, en partant d'un sommet de ladite paroi.According to this preferred form of the invention, the notch or notches are located near the boundary between said upper and lower parts of the wall of the ignition chamber. More preferably, this limit is located at a height corresponding to approximately one third of the total height of the wall of the ignition chamber, starting from a top of said wall.

Selon une forme préférentielle de l'invention, des encoches, séparées par des parties pleines joignant une partie supérieure et une partie inférieure de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation, sont réparties uniformément le long d'une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi.According to a preferred form of the invention, notches, separated by solid parts joining an upper part and a lower part of the wall of the ignition chamber, are distributed uniformly along a horizontal circular section of the wall.

Selon une forme plus préférentielle de l'invention, une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation comporte trois encoches de forme identique et trois parties pleines de forme identique.According to a more preferred form of the invention, a horizontal circular section of the wall of the ignition chamber comprises three notches of identical shape and three solid parts of identical shape.

Selon une forme préférentielle de l'invention, selon une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation, la longueur d'une encoche est supérieure à celle d'une partie pleine.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in a horizontal circular section of the wall of the ignition chamber, the length of a notch is greater than that of a solid part.

Les encoches permettent non seulement de stabiliser l'endroit où est localisé le point chaud, mais aussi d'éviter une perte calorifique trop importante au travers du bouclier thermique de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation.The notches not only stabilize the location of the hot spot, but also prevent too much heat loss through the heat shield of the wall of the fire chamber.

En effet, une perte éventuelle de chaleur trop importante au travers des encoches de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation impliquerait :

  • une mauvaise combustion, due à une température trop basse dans la chambre d'inflammation,
  • une descente du point chaud vers le bas de la chambre d'inflammation, impliquant une auto inflammation tardive du mélange,
  • un réchauffement exagéré de la paroi de la chambre de combustion.
In fact, a too great loss of heat through the notches in the wall of the ignition chamber would imply:
  • bad combustion, due to a temperature too low in the ignition chamber,
  • a descent from the hot spot to the bottom of the inflammation chamber, involving a late self-ignition of the mixture,
  • an exaggerated heating of the wall of the combustion chamber.

Ce réchauffement peut impliquer, par conduction thermique, une température trop importante du support sur lequel elle est fixée ainsi que la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation. Or, dans ce support s'emboîte la vanne à clapet. La température de ladite vanne à clapet doit être totalement maîtrisée afin de ne courir aucun risque d'inflammation du mélange air / gaz au sein du conduit d'admission.This heating can involve, by thermal conduction, a too important temperature of the support on which it is fixed as well as the wall of the ignition chamber. However, in this support fits the valve valve. The temperature of said flap valve must be completely controlled in order to run no risk of ignition of the air / gas mixture within the intake duct.

Un autre objet de l'invention est de limiter le réchauffement excessif du corps de la vanne, par conduction thermique avec le support des parois des chambres de combustion et d'inflammation. Pour cela, l'invention prévoit la présence d'au moins deux joints isolants, entourant le corps de la vanne à clapet. Le support des parois de combustion et d'inflammation vient s'emboîter au contact de ces joints.Another object of the invention is to limit the excessive heating of the body of the valve, by thermal conduction with the support of the walls of the combustion and ignition chambers. For this, the invention provides for the presence of at least two insulating joints, surrounding the body of the flap valve. The support of the combustion and ignition walls comes to fit in contact with these joints.

L'invention a donc pour objet une chaudière pulsatoire comprenant:

  • une chambre de pré-mélange pour réaliser un mélange gazeux carburant / comburant,
  • une vanne à clapet, en aval de la chambre de pré-mélange, munie d'un conduit d'admission et d'un positionneur de flamme sous la forme d'une pièce cylindrique verticale s'évasant en une collerette à son extrémité inférieure,
  • une chambre de combustion, en aval du conduit d'admission, contenant une chambre d'inflammation ainsi qu'une chambre d'expansion dans le prolongement de la chambre d'inflammation, la chambre de combustion étant délimitée par une première paroi métallique, la chambre d'inflammation entourant le positionneur de flamme et étant délimitée par une seconde paroi métallique coaxiale à la première,
caractérisée en ce que la paroi métallique de la chambre d'inflammation est perforée par une ou plusieurs encoches.The subject of the invention is therefore a pulsating boiler comprising:
  • a premix chamber for producing a gas mixture fuel / oxidizer,
  • a check valve, downstream of the pre-mixing chamber, provided with an intake duct and a flame positioner in the form of a vertical cylindrical piece flaring in a flange at its lower end,
  • a combustion chamber, downstream of the intake duct, containing an ignition chamber and an expansion chamber in the extension of the ignition chamber, the combustion chamber being delimited by a first metal wall, the ignition chamber surrounding the flame positioner and being delimited by a second metal wall coaxial with the first,
characterized in that the metal wall of the ignition chamber is perforated by one or more notches.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l'examen des figures qui l'accompagnent. Celles-ci ne sont présentées qu'à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif de l'invention.The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it. These are presented only as an indication and in no way limitative of the invention.

Les figures montrent :

  • Figure 1 : Une vue schématique générale d'une chaudière selon une forme préférentielle de réalisation de l'invention;
  • Figure 2 : Une vue en coupe, selon un plan vertical passant par un axe central vertical de la chaudière, de la chambre d'inflammation de la chaudière représentée à la figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 : Une vue en coupe, selon un plan horizontal comprenant les encoches selon l'invention, de la chambre d'inflammation de la chaudière représentée à la figure 1 ;
The figures show:
  • Figure 1 : A general schematic view of a boiler according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 2 : A sectional view, in a vertical plane passing through a vertical central axis of the boiler, of the combustion chamber of the boiler shown in FIG. figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 : A sectional view, along a horizontal plane comprising the notches according to the invention, of the combustion chamber of the boiler shown in FIG. figure 1 ;

Dans la description qui suit, les indications directionnelles telles que horizontal, vertical, au-dessus, au-dessous... sont à entendre dans la position de fonctionnement d'une chaudière selon l'invention.In the following description, the directional indications such as horizontal, vertical, above, below ... are to be understood in the operating position of a boiler according to the invention.

Sur la figure 1 est représentée une chaudière pulsatoire 1 munie de sa vanne 2 à clapet. Sur cette figure, seul apparaît le corps de chauffe principal de la chaudière 1 ; le pot d'admission ainsi que le pot de détente n'y figurent pas. De plus, le clapet de la vanne 2 n'est pas représenté.On the figure 1 is represented a pulsating boiler 1 provided with its valve 2 valve. In this figure, only appears the main heating body of the boiler 1; the intake pot and the pot of relaxation are not included. In addition, the valve of the valve 2 is not shown.

La chaudière 1 comporte à son sommet, au dessus d'une vanne 2 à clapet, une chambre de pré-mélange 3 permettant de recevoir à partir d'une entrée d'admission 4 un pré-mélange gazeux du type air / gaz hydrocarbure.The boiler 1 has at its top, above a valve 2 with a valve, a premix chamber 3 for receiving from an intake inlet 4 a gaseous premix of the air / hydrocarbon gas type.

La vanne 2 à clapet est montée à l'intérieur d'un support 5. Ledit support 5 a une forme sensiblement cylindrique. A une partie inférieure du support 5, sur une paroi extérieure du cylindre, est fixé un sommet d'une paroi métallique 6 délimitant la chambre de combustion 7. La paroi 6 présente la forme d'une cloche. Plus précisément, ladite paroi 6 a la forme d'une tulipe renversée. Une première partie 8 de ladite tulipe est sensiblement une surface de révolution autour d'un axe 15. Ledit axe 15 est également un axe de révolution de la vanne 2 à clapet et du support 5. Une section de la partie 8, selon un plan vertical passant par l'axe 15, présente une forme sensiblement parabolique. Une seconde partie 9 de la paroi 6 a une forme sensiblement cylindrique.Valve 2 has a valve mounted inside a support 5. Said support 5 has a substantially cylindrical shape. At a lower part of the support 5, on an outer wall of the cylinder, is fixed a top of a metal wall 6 delimiting the combustion chamber 7. The wall 6 has the shape of a bell. More specifically, said wall 6 has the shape of an inverted tulip. A first part 8 of said tulip is substantially a surface of revolution about an axis 15. Said axis 15 is also an axis of revolution of the valve 2 with a valve and the support 5. A section of the part 8, according to a plan vertical passing through the axis 15, has a substantially parabolic shape. A second portion 9 of the wall 6 has a substantially cylindrical shape.

Lors du fonctionnement de la chaudière pour réchauffer de l'eau de chauffage, l'extérieur de la paroi 6 est environné d'eau à chauffer.During operation of the boiler to heat the heating water, the outside of the wall 6 is surrounded by water to be heated.

A l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion 7 se trouve une chambre d'inflammation 10 et une chambre d'expansion 11. La chambre d'inflammation 10 est délimitée par une paroi 12. Un sommet de ladite paroi 12 est fixé à une partie inférieure du support 5, sur une paroi extérieure du cylindre, sous la fixation de la paroi 6. La paroi 12 de la chambre d'inflammation 10 possède une forme de tulipe renversée similaire à celle de la paroi 6. Une première partie 8.1 de ladite paroi 12 est sensiblement une surface de révolution autour de l'axe 15. Une section de la partie 8.1, selon un plan vertical passant par l'axe 15, présente une forme sensiblement parabolique. Une seconde partie 9.1 de la paroi 12 a une forme sensiblement cylindrique. Un espace vide, d'épaisseur sensiblement constante, sépare l'extérieur de la paroi 12 de l'intérieur de la paroi 6.Inside the combustion chamber 7 is an ignition chamber 10 and an expansion chamber 11. The ignition chamber 10 is delimited by a wall 12. A top of said wall 12 is fixed to a part lower part of the support 5, on an outer wall of the cylinder, under the fixing of the wall 6. The wall 12 of the ignition chamber 10 has an inverted tulip shape similar to that of the wall 6. A first part 8.1 of said wall 12 is substantially a surface of revolution about the axis 15. A section of the part 8.1, in a vertical plane passing through the axis 15, has a substantially parabolic shape. A second portion 9.1 of the wall 12 has a substantially cylindrical shape. An empty space, of substantially constant thickness, separates the outside of the wall 12 from the inside of the wall 6.

Une base de la chambre de combustion 7 est séparée de la chambre d'expansion 11 par une structure métallique 13 à nids d'abeille, destinée à rigidifier la chambre de combustion 7.A base of the combustion chamber 7 is separated from the chamber 11 by a metal honeycomb structure 13 for stiffening the combustion chamber 7.

La structure du corps de chauffe comporte également, en aval, c'est-à-dire en dessous, de la chambre d'expansion 11, une chambre 14 dite chambre de détente. Cette chambre 14 est composée de différents conduits d'évacuation, en hélice par rapport à l'axe central 15 de révolution du corps de chauffe.The structure of the heating body also comprises, downstream, that is to say below, the expansion chamber 11, a chamber 14 called expansion chamber. This chamber 14 is composed of different evacuation conduits, helically with respect to the central axis 15 of revolution of the heating body.

La vanne 2 à clapet est munie d'un conduit d'admission 21 du mélange air / gaz dans la chambre de combustion 7. Le conduit d'admission 21 est constitué d'un espace sensiblement cylindrique, d'axe vertical 15. La vanne 2 à clapet comporte par ailleurs des moyens d'allumage 16, destinés à produire les premières inflammations du mélange gazeux. Ces moyens d'allumages 16 comportent notamment une bougie de premier allumage (non représentée), insérée à l'intérieur d'un positionneur de flamme 17. Ce positionneur de flamme 17 se présente sous la forme d'une pièce cylindrique 18 s'évasant à son extrémité inférieure en formant une collerette 19. La bougie produit une étincelle d'allumage à l'intérieur de la collerette 19.The valve 2 with a valve is provided with an intake duct 21 of the air / gas mixture in the combustion chamber 7. The intake duct 21 consists of a substantially cylindrical space with a vertical axis 15. The valve 2 to valve also comprises ignition means 16 for producing the first ignition of the gas mixture. These ignition means 16 include in particular a spark plug (not shown), inserted inside a flame positioner 17. This flame positioner 17 is in the form of a cylindrical piece 18 flaring at its lower end forming a collar 19. The spark plug produces an ignition spark inside the collar 19.

Des axes respectifs de révolution des chambres de combustion 7, d'inflammation 10 et d'expansion 14 ainsi que du positionneur de flamme 17, sont confondus avec l'axe central 15 du corps de chauffe.The respective axes of revolution of the combustion chambers 7, ignition 10 and expansion 14 as well as the flame positioner 17, coincide with the central axis 15 of the heating body.

La collerette 19 du positionneur de flamme 17 est placée au centre de la chambre d'inflammation 10 à une hauteur comprise entre le tiers et la moitié de la hauteur totale de la cloche formant la paroi 12, en partant du sommet de ladite paroi 12. De manière préférentielle, la collerette 19 est placée à une hauteur avoisinant le tiers de la hauteur totale de la cloche formant la paroi 12, en partant du sommet de ladite paroi 12.The collar 19 of the flame positioner 17 is placed in the center of the ignition chamber 10 at a height of between one third and one half of the total height of the bell forming the wall 12, starting from the top of said wall 12. Preferably, the flange 19 is placed at a height of approximately one third of the total height of the bell forming the wall 12, starting from the top of said wall 12.

De manière préférentielle, le sommet de la paroi 12 de la chambre d'inflammation 10, l'extrémité inférieure du support 5 et l'extrémité inférieure de la vanne 2 à clapet insérée dans le support 5, sont sensiblement tous situés dans un même plan horizontal.Preferably, the top of the wall 12 of the ignition chamber 10, the lower end of the support 5 and the lower end of the valve 2 with a flap inserted into the support 5, are substantially all located in the same plane. horizontal.

Selon l'invention, une ou plusieurs encoches 20 traversent de part en part l'épaisseur de la paroi 12.According to the invention, one or more notches 20 pass right through the thickness of the wall 12.

De manière préférentielle, les encoches 20 sont sensiblement contenues dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe 15 du corps de chauffe, selon une section horizontale de la cloche formant la paroi 12 de la chambre d'inflammation 10.Preferably, the notches 20 are substantially contained in a plane perpendicular to the axis 15 of the heating body, in a horizontal section of the bell forming the wall 12 of the ignition chamber 10.

De manière préférentielle, une encoche 20 se présente sous la forme d'une fente horizontale, parcourant une partie de la circonférence d'une section horizontale de la paroi 12 de la chambre de combustion 10. Les encoches sont séparées par des parties pleines permettant de conserver solidaires une partie supérieure et une partie inférieure de la paroi 12.Preferably, a notch 20 is in the form of a horizontal slot, traversing part of the circumference of a horizontal section of the wall 12 of the combustion chamber 10. The notches are separated by solid parts allowing keep an upper part and a lower part of the wall 12 integral.

La figure 2 représente une vue en coupe, selon un plan vertical passant par l'axe central 15, de la chambre d'inflammation 10 de la chaudière représentée à la figure 1. Sur la figure 2, selon une forme préférentielle de l'invention, les encoches sont situées, sur la paroi 12, à une hauteur correspondant sensiblement à la limite entre la partie 8.1 de section parabolique et la partie 9.1 cylindrique de cette paroi 12. De manière préférentielle, la partie 8.1 représente entre un tiers et une moitié de la hauteur totale de la paroi 12. En conséquence, la partie 9.1 représente entre une moitié et deux tiers de la hauteur totale de la paroi 12.The figure 2 represents a sectional view, along a vertical plane passing through the central axis 15, of the ignition chamber 10 of the boiler represented in FIG. figure 1 . On the figure 2 , according to a preferred form of the invention, the notches are located on the wall 12, at a height substantially corresponding to the boundary between the portion 8.1 of parabolic section and the cylindrical portion 9.1 of this wall 12. Preferably, the part 8.1 represents between one third and one half of the total height of the wall 12. Consequently, the part 9.1 represents between one half and two thirds of the total height of the wall 12.

Une longueur de la pièce cylindrique 18 du positionneur de flamme 17 est telle qu'une extrémité inférieure de la collerette 19, soit une base de ladite collerette 19, est contenue dans un plan horizontal situé légèrement au dessous du plan horizontal correspondant aux encoches 20.A length of the cylindrical part 18 of the flame positioner 17 is such that a lower end of the flange 19, a base of said flange 19, is contained in a horizontal plane situated slightly below the horizontal plane corresponding to the notches 20.

Plus précisément, on considère que les encoches 20 ont une hauteur h, mesurée selon un axe vertical. On considère également une distance d entre un plan horizontal contenant la base de la collerette 19 et un plan horizontal passant à mi-hauteur des encoches 20. De manière préférentielle, la distance d est comprise entre une et cinq fois la hauteur h des encoches 20.More specifically, it is considered that the notches 20 have a height h, measured along a vertical axis. Consider also a distance d between a horizontal plane containing the base of the flange 19 and a horizontal plane passing halfway up the notches 20. Preferably, the distance d is between one and five times the height h of the notches 20 .

De la sorte, les ouvertures créées par les encoches 20 dans la paroi 12, en contact direct avec l'interstice d'air séparant la paroi 12 de la paroi 6, sont situées plus hautes que la base de la collerette 19. Lesdites ouvertures se trouvent donc en amont de la bougie, et donc des premiers allumages du mélange gazeux provenant de la vanne à clapet.In this way, the openings created by the notches 20 in the wall 12, in direct contact with the air gap separating the wall 12 from the wall 6, are located higher than the base of the collar 19. Said openings are therefore find upstream of the spark plug, and therefore the first ignitions of the gas mixture from the valve gate.

Dans la zone d'écoulement des gaz comprise entre l'intérieur de la partie 8.1 parabolique de la paroi 12 et le dessus de la collerette 19, le flux gazeux est suffisamment rapide et dirigé de telle sorte que le mélange ne s'engouffre pas au travers des ouvertures créées par les encoches 20 de la paroi 12. La forme évasée de la collerette 19 permet également d'améliorer l'écoulement et les effets de turbulences. Elle permet notamment de mieux refroidir l'intérieur de la partie 8.1 parabolique de la paroi 12 grâce au volume de mélange air/ gaz hydrocarbure entrant, avant que ce dernier ne s'enflamme.In the gas flow zone between the inside of the parabolic portion 8.1 of the wall 12 and the top of the collar 19, the gas flow is sufficiently fast and directed so that the mixture does not rush to the through openings created by the notches 20 of the wall 12. The flared shape of the flange 19 also improves the flow and the effects of turbulence. In particular, it makes it possible to cool the inside of the parabolic portion 8.1 of the wall 12 better thanks to the volume of the incoming air / hydrocarbon gas mixture, before the latter ignites.

La collerette 19 évite également à ce même volume de mélange d'être présenté immédiatement au contact de la bougie lors de son entrée dans la chambre 10. En effet, la bougie étant emmanchée dans le conduit cylindrique 18, une étincelle d'inflammation se produit à l'intérieur de la collerette 19. Avant d'entrer en contact avec ladite étincelle, le mélange air/gaz hydrocarbure entrant dans la chambre d'inflammation 10 a le temps de se répartir de façon relativement homogène à l'intérieur de ladite chambre. De plus, le point le plus haut d'inflammation du mélange reste au dessous des encoches 20.The flange 19 also prevents the same volume of mixing from being immediately presented in contact with the candle when it enters the chamber 10. In fact, since the candle is fitted into the cylindrical duct 18, a spark of ignition occurs. inside the collar 19. Before coming into contact with said spark, the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture entering the ignition chamber 10 has the time to be distributed relatively homogeneously within said chamber . In addition, the highest point of ignition of the mixture remains below the notches 20.

Lorsque plusieurs encoches sont réalisées à la circonférence d'une section de la paroi 12 telles que décrit précédemment, elles sont préférentiellement de forme et de dimensions identiques. Plus précisément, elles sont de longueur et de hauteur identique. Les encoches 20 sont séparées par des parties pleines 20.1. Préférentiellement, ces parties pleines sont également de forme et de dimensions identiques, notamment de longueur identique. La longueur est mesurée le long d'une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi 12.When several notches are made at the circumference of a section of the wall 12 as described above, they are preferably of identical shape and dimensions. More precisely, they are of identical length and height. The notches 20 are separated by solid portions 20.1. Preferably, these solid parts are also of identical shape and dimensions, in particular of identical length. The length is measured along a horizontal circular section of the wall 12.

De manière préférentielle, la longueur d'une encoche 20 est supérieure à la longueur d'un espacement entre deux encoches, c'est-à-dire à la longueur d'une partie pleine 20.1. De manière plus préférentielle, la longueur d'une encoche 20 est supérieure à cinq fois la longueur d'une partie pleine 20.1. De manière encore plus préférentielle, la longueur d'une encoche 20 est supérieure à huit fois la longueur d'une partie pleine 20.1.Preferably, the length of a notch 20 is greater than the length of a spacing between two notches, that is to say the length of a solid portion 20.1. More preferably, the length of a notch 20 is greater than five times the length of a solid portion 20.1. Even more preferably, the length of a notch 20 is greater than eight times the length of a solid portion 20.1.

De la sorte, les parties de la paroi 12, situées respectivement au dessus et au dessous des encoches 20, sont reliées par un minimum de matière. Elles sont donc isolées thermiquement l'une de l'autre par une tranche d'air, la paroi conservant une rigidité suffisante lors des déflagrations liées aux inflammations du mélange air / gaz hydrocarbure.In this way, the parts of the wall 12, located respectively above and below the notches 20, are connected by a minimum of material. They are therefore thermally insulated from one another by an air slice, the wall retaining sufficient rigidity during explosions related to the ignition of the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture.

La figure 3 représente une vue en coupe, selon un plan horizontal passant à mi-hauteur des encoches 20, de la chambre d'inflammation 10 de la chaudière représentée à la figure 1. Sur la figure 3, selon une variante préférée de l'invention, la paroi 12 comprend trois encoches 20 situées le long d'une section circulaire horizontale de la chambre d'inflammation 10. Le nombre de parties pleines 20.1 est également de trois. Les trois encoches 20 sont de longueur identique. Les parties pleines 20.1 sont de longueur identique. Les parties pleines 20.1 sont disposées uniformément le long d'une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi 12. Des plans verticaux de symétrie de ces trois parties pleines 20.1 forment donc entre eux des angles de 360° / 3 = 120°.The figure 3 is a sectional view, in a horizontal plane passing halfway up the notches 20, the ignition chamber 10 of the boiler represented at the figure 1 . On the figure 3 according to a preferred variant of the invention, the wall 12 comprises three notches 20 located along a horizontal circular section of the ignition chamber 10. The number of solid portions 20.1 is also three. The three notches 20 are of identical length. The solid parts 20.1 are of identical length. The solid parts 20.1 are arranged uniformly along a horizontal circular section of the wall 12. Vertical planes of symmetry of these three solid parts 20.1 thus form between them angles of 360 ° / 3 = 120 °.

A titre indicatif, les dimensions suivantes peuvent être adoptées pour une chaudière telle que représentée aux figures 1, 2 et 3 : le diamètre d'une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi 12, au niveau des encoches 20, est approximativement de 100 mm; la longueur d'une partie pleine 20.1, mesurée selon ladite section horizontale, est de 10 mm environ; la longueur d'une encoche 20, mesurée selon ladite section horizontale, est de 95 mm environ. Une hauteur des encoches 20, mesurée selon un axe vertical, est de 2 mm environ.As an indication, the following dimensions can be adopted for a boiler as represented in figures 1 , 2 and 3 the diameter of a horizontal circular section of the wall 12, at the notches 20, is approximately 100 mm; the length of a solid portion 20.1, measured along said horizontal section, is about 10 mm; the length of a notch 20 measured along said horizontal section is about 95 mm. A height of the notches 20, measured along a vertical axis, is about 2 mm.

Ces dimensions suffisent à empêcher le matériau de la partie supérieure parabolique 8.1 de la paroi 12 d'atteindre des températures aussi élevées que celles de la partie inférieure cylindrique 9.1 de la paroi 12.These dimensions are sufficient to prevent the material of the parabolic upper part 8.1 of the wall 12 from reaching temperatures as high as those of the cylindrical lower part 9.1 of the wall 12.

Les températures élevées de la partie inférieure 9.1 sont liées à l'inflammation du mélange gazeux au sein de la chambre d'inflammation 10.The high temperatures of the lower part 9.1 are related to the ignition of the gaseous mixture within the ignition chamber 10.

Après les premiers allumages déclenchés par la bougie, l'inflammation spontanée s'effectue grâce à la présence du point chaud. Ce point chaud correspond à une zone de faible hauteur, située sur une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi 12. Le point chaud se présente donc sous la forme d'un anneau sur la face intérieure, recouverte d'un matériau réfractaire, de la paroi 12.After the first ignitions triggered by the candle, the spontaneous ignition is carried out thanks to the presence of the hot spot. This hot spot corresponds to an area of low height, located on a horizontal circular section of the wall 12. The hot spot is therefore in the form of a ring on the inner face, covered with a refractory material, the wall 12.

Préférentiellement, une fois l'auto-allumage correctement entretenu par la chaudière, le point chaud est localisé sur la partie cylindrique 9.1 de la paroi 12. Le point chaud est situé légèrement au dessous de la base de la collerette 19 c'est à dire au niveau de la première inflammation du mélange gazeux dans la chambre 10 par la bougie.Preferably, once the self-ignition is properly maintained by the boiler, the hot spot is located on the cylindrical portion 9.1 of the wall 12. The hot spot is located slightly below the base of the collar 19, that is to say at the level of the first ignition of the gaseous mixture in the chamber 10 by the candle.

Or, en l'absence des encoches 20 précédemment décrites, au fur et à mesure de la durée de fonctionnement de la chaudière, ce point chaud possède une tendance à remonter régulièrement le long de la paroi 12. Ce faisant, il dépasse le niveau de la base de la collerette 19 pour remonter encore le long de la partie parabolique 8.1, avec un risque de se trouver trop proche de la vanne 2 à clapet et de la zone de mélange air / gaz hydrocarbure.However, in the absence of the notches 20 previously described, as and when the operation time of the boiler, this hot spot has a tendency to rise regularly along the wall 12. In doing so, it exceeds the level of the base of the collar 19 to go up again along the parabolic portion 8.1, with a risk of being too close to the valve 2 valve and the air / gas hydrocarbon mixing zone.

De plus, cette remontée du point chaud implique un dérèglement de la fréquence de la pulsation du clapet de la vanne 2. Cette remontée du point chaud provoque surtout une fabrication importante de monoxyde de carbone, du fait d'un défaut d'apport d'air et d'une combustion incomplète.In addition, this rise of the hot spot involves a disturbance of the frequency of the pulsation of the valve of the valve 2. This rise of the hot spot mainly causes a large production of carbon monoxide, due to a lack of contribution of air and incomplete combustion.

En effet, à chaque pulsation de la chaudière pulsatoire, l'admission d'un nouveau volume air / gaz hydrocarbure a lieu tout d'abord au sein de la chambre 3 de pré-mélange, au travers des ouvertures de la vanne à clapet. Le mélange gazeux traverse ensuite le conduit d'admission 21, avant de pénétrer dans la partie supérieure de la chambre d'inflammation 10. Cette partie supérieure de la chambre d'inflammation 10 correspond à la partie parabolique 8.1 de la paroi 12. La partie supérieure de la chambre d'inflammation 10 comprend également la partie inférieure des moyens d'allumage 16, notamment le cylindre 18 avec, à son extrémité, la collerette 19.Indeed, at each pulsation of the pulsating boiler, the admission of a new volume air / hydrocarbon gas takes place first within the chamber 3 premix through the openings of the valve valve. The gaseous mixture then passes through the intake duct 21, before entering the upper part of the ignition chamber 10. This upper part of the ignition chamber 10 corresponds to the parabolic portion 8.1 of the wall 12. The part upper part of the ignition chamber 10 also comprises the lower part of the ignition means 16, in particular the cylinder 18 with, at its end, the collar 19.

Le mélange air / gaz hydrocarbure s'enflamme au contact de la zone correspondante au point chaud. Après la déflagration, l'évacuation du flux gazeux en direction de la chambre 11 d'expansion puis de la chambre 14 de détente provoque un phénomène de dépression en haut de la chambre d'inflammation 10 et engendre ainsi une aspiration dans la partie située en amont de ladite chambre. Dans le même mouvement, le clapet de la vanne 2 libère des ouvertures de ladite vanne 2, communiquant avec la chambre de pré-mélange 3. Un phénomène d'aspiration permet à un nouveau volume du mélange air / gaz hydrocarbure de pénétrer de la chambre de pré-mélange vers le conduit d'admission 21.The air / hydrocarbon gas mixture ignites on contact with the corresponding zone at the hot spot. After the explosion, evacuation of the gas flow towards the expansion chamber 11 and then the expansion chamber 14 causes a phenomenon of depression at the top of the ignition chamber 10 and thus generates a suction in the part located in upstream of said chamber. In the same movement, the valve of the valve 2 releases openings of said valve 2, communicating with the premix chamber 3. A suction phenomenon allows a new volume of the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture to enter the chamber premixing to the intake duct 21.

Or, le carburant, ici le gaz hydrocarbure, arrive dans la chambre de pré-mélange selon un débit et une pression constants. Par contre, le comburant, ici l'air, est principalement appelé par l'aspiration engendrée par l'éjection des gaz au sein des chambres de d'expansion 11 et de détente 14. Cette éjection est provoquée par la déflagration liée à l'inflammation du mélange air / gaz hydrocarbure.Now, the fuel, here the hydrocarbon gas, arrives in the premix chamber at a constant flow rate and pressure. On the other hand, the oxidant, in this case air, is mainly called by the suction generated by the gas ejection within expansion chambers 11 and expansion chambers 14. This ejection is caused by the deflagration associated with the inflammation of the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture.

Dans le cas d'une inflammation trop tardive ou au contraire prématurée, le volume d'air aspiré est insuffisant, ce qui engendre une combustion incomplète du mélange air / gaz hydrocarbure.In the case of inflammation that is too late or, on the contrary, premature, the volume of air sucked in is insufficient, which causes incomplete combustion of the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture.

Cette combustion incomplète génère du monoxyde de carbone, gaz particulièrement nocif et inodore donc dangereux. En parallèle, la température de la chambre d'inflammation 10 baisse, ce qui a pour effet d'encrasser l'intérieur de la chambre d'inflammation 10.This incomplete combustion generates carbon monoxide, a particularly harmful and odorless gas, which is dangerous. In parallel, the temperature of the ignition chamber 10 decreases, which has the effect of fouling the interior of the ignition chamber 10.

Il est donc nécessaire de maintenir le point chaud à une hauteur constante ou quasi-constante dans la chambre d'inflammation, non seulement pour obtenir des cycles de combustion réguliers et donc une pulsation régulière et synchronisée avec le battement du clapet, mais surtout afin d'obtenir un dosage du mélange air / gaz hydrocarbure constant pour une combustion complète.It is therefore necessary to maintain the hot spot at a constant or almost constant height in the ignition chamber, not only to obtain regular combustion cycles and therefore a regular pulsation and synchronized with the flap of the valve, but especially to obtain a constant air / hydrocarbon gas mixture dosage for complete combustion.

Ainsi, les encoches telles que décrites précédemment maintiennent le point chaud à un niveau situé dans une partie supérieure de la partie 9.1 cylindrique de la chambre d'inflammation. De manière préférentielle, le point chaud est proche du niveau de la base de la collerette 19.Thus, the notches as previously described maintain the hot spot at a level located in an upper portion of the cylindrical portion 9.1 of the ignition chamber. Preferably, the hot spot is close to the level of the base of the flange 19.

A titre indicatif, une température de la paroi 12 au sommet de la cloche peut être de l'ordre de 120 °C. Une température de l'intérieur de la même paroi 12 au niveau du point chaud peut être de l'ordre de 900 °C. Grâce au matériau réfractaire à l'intérieur de la paroi 12, ainsi qu'à l'interstice d'air entre les deux parois 12 et 6, ladite paroi 6 conserve une température contrôlée pour chauffer de manière appropriée l'eau de chauffage dans laquelle elle est immergée.As an indication, a temperature of the wall 12 at the top of the bell may be of the order of 120 ° C. A temperature of the interior of the same wall 12 at the hot spot may be of the order of 900 ° C. Thanks to the refractory material inside the wall 12, as well as to the air gap between the two walls 12 and 6, said wall 6 maintains a controlled temperature for appropriately heating the heating water in which she is immersed.

Une chaudière est amenée à fonctionner plus ou moins longtemps selon la quantité d'eau à réchauffer dans le circuit, mais aussi selon sa puissance.A boiler is made to operate more or less long depending on the amount of water to be heated in the circuit, but also according to its power.

La puissance d'une chaudière est déterminée par ses caractéristiques techniques et notamment par sa capacité à pouvoir admettre une tolérance plus ou moins grande de la richesse énergétique du carburant qui lui est délivré.The power of a boiler is determined by its technical characteristics and in particular by its ability to admit a greater or lesser tolerance of the energy content of the fuel delivered to it.

Un seuil énergétique existe, au dessous duquel la chaudière ne délivre pas la puissance prévue, voire ne fonctionne pas du tout. Il existe également un seuil au dessus duquel la chaudière ne peut non plus délivrer sa puissance du fait d'un carburant trop riche. Les conséquences sont des températures de combustion plus élevées, impliquant alors une remontée du point chaud encore plus rapide le long de la paroi de la chambre d'inflammation 10. Ainsi, la puissance maximale de fonctionnement autorisée de la chaudière pulsatoire est réduite.An energy threshold exists, below which the boiler does not deliver the expected power, or even does not work at all. There is also a threshold above which the boiler can not deliver its power because of a fuel too rich. The consequences are higher combustion temperatures, then involving a rise of the hot spot even faster along the wall of the ignition chamber 10. Thus, the maximum permissible operating power of the pulsating boiler is reduced.

A titre indicatif, une chaudière peut fonctionner selon une plage normative de +/-7.5%, qui correspond à la plage de vitesse d'inflammation du gaz utilisé. En effet, le gaz s'enflamme plus ou moins rapidement selon sa richesse. Pour un même type de gaz, les encoches 20 permettent d'augmenter la puissance de la chaudière de l'ordre de 20%, soit d'une puissance de 20 KW à 25 KW.As an indication, a boiler can operate in a normative range of +/- 7.5%, which corresponds to the range of ignition speed of the gas used. Indeed, the gas ignites more or less rapidly depending on its richness. For the same type of gas, the notches 20 can increase the power of the boiler of the order of 20%, or a power of 20 KW to 25 KW.

Les deux parois 6 et 12 étant fixées sur le même support 5, la propagation de la chaleur par les parois s'étend à ce support 5. Une forme préférentielle de l'invention prévoit la présence de deux joints (22, 23) afin d'isoler le support 5 de la vanne 2. Ainsi, au moins deux joints (22, 23), par exemple sous la forme d'anneaux toriques, sont placés l'un au dessus de l'autre et en partie insérée dans des gouttières présentes dans la paroi extérieure d'une partie cylindrique 24 de la vanne 2.The two walls 6 and 12 being fixed on the same support 5, the propagation of heat by the walls extends to this support 5. A preferred form of the invention provides for the presence of two seals (22, 23) in order to isolate the support 5 from the valve 2. Thus, at least two seals (22, 23), for example in the form of toric rings, are placed one above the other and partly inserted in the gutters present in the outer wall of a cylindrical portion 24 of the valve 2.

Préférentiellement, l'un des deux joints 22 est placé sensiblement à mi-hauteur de cette partie cylindrique. Le second joint 23 est placé au dessus du joint 22, tout en restant en dessous d'une extrémité supérieure du support 5.Preferably, one of the two seals 22 is placed substantially at half height of this cylindrical portion. The second seal 23 is placed above the seal 22, while remaining below an upper end of the support 5.

La partie cylindrique 24 est insérée dans le support 5. En raison d'un relief présenté par les joints à l'extérieur de ladite partie 24, une paroi intérieure du support 5 se trouve en contact avec les joints (22, 23), sans contact direct avec une paroi extérieure de la partie 24. Ainsi, un espace est préservé entre le support 5 et la partie 24 de la vanne 2. Ladite vanne 2 est donc protégée des températures élevées pouvant être atteintes par le support 5.The cylindrical portion 24 is inserted into the support 5. Due to a relief presented by the seals outside said portion 24, an inner wall of the support 5 is in contact with the seals (22, 23) without direct contact with an outer wall of the portion 24. Thus, a space is preserved between the support 5 and the portion 24 of the valve 2. Said valve 2 is protected from high temperatures that can be reached by the support 5.

En conséquence, la présence des joints (22, 23) permet de prévenir les risques d'inflammation du mélange air / gaz hydrocarbure au sein du conduit d'admission 21.Consequently, the presence of the seals (22, 23) makes it possible to prevent the risk of ignition of the air / hydrocarbon gas mixture within the intake duct 21.

Claims (10)

- Chaudière (1) pulsatoire comprenant : - une chambre de pré-mélange (3) pour réaliser un mélange gazeux carburant / comburant, - une vanne (2) à clapet, en aval de la chambre de pré-mélange (3), munie d'un conduit d'admission (21), ainsi que d'un positionneur de flamme (17) sous la forme d'une pièce cylindrique verticale (18) s'évasant en une collerette (19) à son extrémité inférieure, - une chambre de combustion (7), en aval du conduit d'admission (21), contenant une chambre d'inflammation (10) ainsi qu'une chambre d'expansion (11) dans le prolongement de la chambre d'inflammation (10), la chambre de combustion (7) étant délimitée par une première paroi (6) métallique, la chambre d'inflammation (10) entourant le positionneur de flamme (17) et étant délimitée par une seconde paroi (12) métallique coaxiale à la première, caractérisée en ce que la paroi (12) métallique de la chambre d'inflammation (10) est perforée par une ou plusieurs encoches (20).- Boiler (1) pulsating comprising: a pre-mixing chamber (3) for producing a fuel / oxidant gas mixture, a valve (2) with a valve, downstream of the pre-mixing chamber (3), provided with an inlet duct (21), as well as with a flame positioner (17) in the form of a vertical cylindrical piece (18) flaring in a flange (19) at its lower end, - a combustion chamber (7), downstream of the intake duct (21), containing an ignition chamber (10) and an expansion chamber (11) in the extension of the ignition chamber ( 10), the combustion chamber (7) being delimited by a first metal wall (6), the ignition chamber (10) surrounding the flame positioner (17) and being delimited by a second metal wall (12) coaxial with the first one, characterized in that the wall (12) of the metal ignition chamber (10) is perforated by one or more notches (20). - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie supérieure (8.1) de la paroi (12) de la chambre d'inflammation (10) a une section sensiblement parabolique selon un plan passant par un axe (15) de la chambre (10), une partie inférieure de la paroi (12) a une forme sensiblement cylindrique (9.1), une limite entre lesdites parties (8.1, 9.1) se trouvant sensiblement au niveau de la base de la collerette (19) du positionneur de flamme (17).- Boiler (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper part (8.1) of the wall (12) of the ignition chamber (10) has a substantially parabolic section along a plane passing through an axis ( 15) of the chamber (10), a lower part of the wall (12) has a substantially cylindrical shape (9.1), a boundary between said parts (8.1, 9.1) being substantially at the base of the collar (19). ) of the flame positioner (17). - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisée en ce que la ou les encoches (20) se situent à une hauteur correspondant sensiblement au tiers de la hauteur de la paroi (12) de la chambre d'inflammation (10), en partant d'un sommet de ladite paroi (12).- Boiler (1) pulsatory according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the or the notches (20) are at a height substantially corresponding to one third of the height of the wall (12) of the chamber of inflammation (10), starting from a top of said wall (12). - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie de la paroi (12), délimitée par un sommet de ladite paroi et la ou les encoches (20), correspond sensiblement à la partie (8.1) de section parabolique.- Boiler (1) pulsatory according to claim 2, characterized in that a portion of the wall (12), delimited by a top of said wall and the or notches (20), substantially corresponds to the part (8.1) of parabolic section. - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la ou les encoches (20) sont placées à une hauteur comprise entre un sommet de la chambre d'inflammation (10) et une base de la collerette (19), tout en étant proches de la hauteur de ladite base de la collerette.- Boiler (1) pulsatory according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the or the notches (20) are placed at a height between a top of the ignition chamber (10) and a base of the collar (19), while being close to the height of said base of the collar. - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que des encoches (20) et des parties pleines (20.1) joignant une partie supérieure et une partie inférieure de la paroi (12) sont réparties uniformément le long d'une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi (12).- boiler (1) pulsatory according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that notches (20) and solid parts (20.1) joining an upper portion and a lower portion of the wall (12) are distributed uniformly on the along a horizontal circular section of the wall (12). - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce qu'une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi (12) comporte trois encoches (20) de forme et de dimensions identiques et trois parties pleines (20.1) de forme et de dimensions identiques.- Boiler (1) pulsatory according to claim 6, characterized in that a horizontal circular section of the wall (12) comprises three notches (20) of identical shape and dimensions and three solid parts (20.1) of shape and dimensions identical. - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon l'une des revendications 6 à 7, caractérisée en ce que, selon une section circulaire horizontale de la paroi (12), la longueur d'une encoche (20) est supérieure à la longueur d'une partie pleine (20.1).- Boiler (1) pulsatory according to one of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that , in a horizontal circular section of the wall (12), the length of a notch (20) is greater than the length of a solid part (20.1). - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que la longueur d'une encoche (20) est supérieure à cinq fois la longueur d'une partie pleine (20.1).- Boiler (1) pulsating according to claim 8, characterized in that the length of a notch (20) is greater than five times the length of a solid portion (20.1). - Chaudière (1) pulsatoire selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la vanne (2), prenant place dans un support (5) sur lequel sont fixées les parois (6,12) respectives des chambres de combustion (7) et d'inflammation (10), est munie d'au moins deux joints (22, 23), permettant d'isoler thermiquement la vanne (2) d'une chaleur se propageant le long des parois (6,12) et de leur support (5).- Boiler (1) pulsatory according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the valve (2), taking place in a support (5) on which are fixed the respective walls (6,12) of the combustion chambers (7) and ignition (10) is provided with at least two seals (22, 23) for thermally isolating the valve (2) from heat propagating along the walls (6, 12). and their support (5).
EP09305891.5A 2008-09-25 2009-09-24 Pulsating boiler Active EP2169305B1 (en)

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SI200931523A SI2169305T1 (en) 2008-09-25 2009-09-24 Pulsating boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR0856440A FR2936300B1 (en) 2008-09-25 2008-09-25 PULSATORY BOILER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2169305A1 true EP2169305A1 (en) 2010-03-31
EP2169305B1 EP2169305B1 (en) 2016-06-22

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Family Applications (1)

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EP09305891.5A Active EP2169305B1 (en) 2008-09-25 2009-09-24 Pulsating boiler

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EP (1) EP2169305B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2592930T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2936300B1 (en)
PT (1) PT2169305T (en)
RU (1) RU2419027C1 (en)
SI (1) SI2169305T1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991015713A1 (en) * 1990-04-04 1991-10-17 Pulsonex Ab Pulsatory burner
WO1992008928A1 (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-29 De Stichting Impuls Burner for pulsating combustion
EP0489820A1 (en) * 1989-08-24 1992-06-17 Pulsonex Ab Pulsatory burner.
EP0806609A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-12 SOCIETE ANONYME DITE MULLER & CIE Gas boiler with resonant combustion
US20050058957A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Chiping Li Method and apparatus using jets to initiate detonations
US20060260291A1 (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 General Electric Company Pulse detonation assembly with cooling enhancements

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0489820A1 (en) * 1989-08-24 1992-06-17 Pulsonex Ab Pulsatory burner.
WO1991015713A1 (en) * 1990-04-04 1991-10-17 Pulsonex Ab Pulsatory burner
WO1992008928A1 (en) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-29 De Stichting Impuls Burner for pulsating combustion
EP0806609A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-12 SOCIETE ANONYME DITE MULLER & CIE Gas boiler with resonant combustion
US20050058957A1 (en) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Chiping Li Method and apparatus using jets to initiate detonations
US20060260291A1 (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 General Electric Company Pulse detonation assembly with cooling enhancements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2936300A1 (en) 2010-03-26
PT2169305T (en) 2016-09-26
FR2936300B1 (en) 2010-10-22
EP2169305B1 (en) 2016-06-22
RU2009135633A (en) 2011-03-27
ES2592930T3 (en) 2016-12-02
SI2169305T1 (en) 2017-02-28
RU2419027C1 (en) 2011-05-20

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