EP2168473A1 - Procédé automatisé pour mesurer l'acuité visuelle de lecture - Google Patents

Procédé automatisé pour mesurer l'acuité visuelle de lecture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2168473A1
EP2168473A1 EP08787620A EP08787620A EP2168473A1 EP 2168473 A1 EP2168473 A1 EP 2168473A1 EP 08787620 A EP08787620 A EP 08787620A EP 08787620 A EP08787620 A EP 08787620A EP 2168473 A1 EP2168473 A1 EP 2168473A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reading
test
patient
examiner
acuteness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08787620A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2168473A4 (fr
Inventor
Pablo Artal Soriano
Silvestre Manzanera Roman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad de Murcia
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Universidad de Murcia
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Publication date
Application filed by Universidad de Murcia filed Critical Universidad de Murcia
Publication of EP2168473A1 publication Critical patent/EP2168473A1/fr
Publication of EP2168473A4 publication Critical patent/EP2168473A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A61B3/028—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
    • A61B3/032—Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/20—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems

Definitions

  • This invention refers to a new procedure for measuring the general vision quality; and in particular, reading acuteness in a variety of situations and with the subject or patient using any ophthalmic device such as lenses, intraocular lenses or contact lenses.
  • the invention is categorized in the fields of ophthalmology, optic vision and optometry.
  • VA tests try to determine the size of the smallest item the patient is able to see, while the SC tests determines the minimum contrast at which the patient is able to differentiate regions of a determined spatial frequency. Both tests provide valuable information regarding visual quality but they both have limitations. Therefore, other newer procedures are needed that enable specifically to measure the capabilities of the patient for carrying out common, every day visual tasks.
  • the reading tests were developed for studying the importance of the different variables that play a part in the reading process, ( Legge G.E. D.G. Pelli, G.S. Rubin & M.M. Schleske. Psychophysics of reading. I. Normal vision. Vision Research, 25, 239-252, 1985 ) and for measuring the visual capabilities of patients with low vision ( Legge G.E., G.S. Rubin, D.G. Pelli & M.M. Schleske. Psychophysics of reading. II. Low vision. Vision Research, 25, 253-266, 1985 ). These tests involve showing the patient unrelated phrases or words he must read out loud and as fast as possible while the examiner records the errors made.
  • a measurement of the reading speed is obtained from the number of errors and the number of words read per minute. Numerous studies have been carried out on this subject, primarily at the Minnesota Laboratory for Low-Vision Research, where the different parameters that may affect reading, such as contrast have been investigated ( Legge G.E., G.S. Rubin & A. Luebker. Psychophysics of reading. V. The role of contrast in normal vision. Vision Research, 27, 1165-1171, 1987 ), illumination wavelength ( Legge G.E. & G.S. Rubin. Psychophysics of reading. IV. Wavelength effects in normal and low vision. Journal of the Optical Society of America, A3, 40-51, 1986 ), or the size of the font or letters ( Chung S.T.L., J.S.
  • the standard procedure to date for evaluating the visual capability of a patient using a reading test is based on counting the errors made by the patient while he is reading a specific set of phrases. This procedure of counting errors is carried out manually by the Examiner, which requires all of their time and their full attention and may result in miscounting.
  • the procedure of this invention proposes to fully and satisfactorily resolve the problem mentioned above.
  • this invention proposes the use of computer assisted adjustment and/or forced selection applied to the reading test.
  • the patient In the adjustment method, the patient must adjust or modify some of the different parameters that affect the reading (letter size, contrast, etc%) subjectively trying to find the value of said parameter below which he cannot read properly.
  • the patient In the generally described forced selection method, the patient is shown words or phrases, or group of these, which he must try to read; and afterwards, provide a response (choosing between different options) to a previously asked question. A measurement of the patient's reading capability is obtained from the correct and erroneous answers provided by him.
  • the procedure proposed by this invention whose purpose is to free up the Examiner from the arduous task of carrying out the evaluation, with the consequent and complementary elimination of personal errors, consists in a procedure or computer aided adjustment and/or forced selection method that is able to objectively quantify the reading capability without Examiner involvement, leaving them exempt of this task and eliminating the risk for making errors.
  • this invention proposes the application of computer assisted adjustment and/or forced selection method applied to the reading test, which is able to objectively quantify the reading capability without intervention from the Examiner.
  • the computer shows words to the patient, who is able to (by using any computer communication device i.e. keyboard, mouse, etc%) increase or diminish the value of some of the different parameters that affect the reading (letter size, contrast, etc,%) subjectively trying to find the threshold value of said parameter below which he or she cannot read properly.
  • the patient is shown a sequence of words or groups of words he must attempt to read. After reading each of these groups, he or she must provide an answer (choosing between several possible options) to a question previously stated at the beginning of the test.
  • the displaying of words and obtaining of responses are computer automated tasks.
  • a measurement of the patient's reading capability is obtained from the correct and erroneous answers provided by the patient, which may be calculated via two procedures. In the first procedure, after obtaining the psychometric curve (percentage of correct answers according to the value of the parameter, whose reading threshold wants to be calculated), a value corresponding to a previously established percentage of correct answers is used as the threshold value ( fig. 2 ).
  • the value of the parameter of each one of the displayed words is determined by the psychophysical algorithm used (linear staircase, log staircase, Quest). In these algorithms, the value of the parameter for each new display is provided by the history of the patient's previous responses; in other words, through the patient's correct answers and errors at determined values. After a determined number of displays, the threshold sought has been calculated with enough reliability and is provided as the final test value ( fig. 3 ).
  • reading acuteness can be expressed in logMAR, in Snellen fractions, or in decimal notation. Since different size letters exist (for example a, b), the height of a lower case letter is used as shown in ( fig. 4 )
  • a first implementation of the test is based on the adjustment procedure ( fig. 5 ).
  • the subject is shown words and their task is to change the size or the contrast (depending on what needs to be measured) of the letters using a keyboard until the threshold value is achieved, below which the subject is not able to recognize the displayed word. From this point forward, only sizes will be mentioned, but everything mentioned is also applicable for contrasts.
  • This test can be carried out in a static way, where the word changes only when the subject varies the size, or in a dynamic way, where the words are continuously changing at certain constant time intervals, which are pre-fixed independently from any actions by the subject.
  • This time is set at 500 ms, which enables the subject to read the word. If this word was always the same, the subject could mistakenly think he or she is really seeing and correctly reading the word, when in reality this may be the effect of the subject remembering said word. In the static mode, changing the size to change the displayed word is required while this is not required in the dynamic mode.
  • a second method for implementing the test is through the forced selection method.
  • the subject is shown two words, one after the other separated by a determined time interval. But only one of them is really a word that has meaning since the other word is formed with scrambled letters that make up the first word but without any meaning. We can call it a "non word”.
  • Fig. 6 shows some examples.
  • Fig. 6 shows a QUEST control window and the monitoring of the entire procedure.
  • each stimulus word or non word
  • the time that each stimulus (word or non word) is shown to the subject is 500 ms, which is the most adequate to give enough time to read the word and at the same time reduces the total test duration to a minimum, which may oscillate between 3 and 4 minutes.
  • the words used must be simple, commonly used; a total of 200 words is enough to prevent the subject from memorizing them in a reasonable number of sessions.
  • This application enables to maintain the word table and also enables to generate the non word from the real word in an almost automatic way. The process is not completely automatic because at the end it must be checked that the non word actually lacks any meaning. This part of the application is shown in fig. 8 .
  • the application incorporates several options required for its use when the subject is not looking directly at the test; instead, he or she is looking through an optical system. This way, it enables to consider the increases, or the existence of a left-right inversion.
  • a special font type is designed in which the design of each letter is identical to the New Times Roman design but each letter is inverted with respect to a vertical axis that passes through its centre. But also required in this case is the existence of an option to invert the order of the letters.
  • the application incorporates other options such as being able to choose if what is measured by the test is the size threshold or the contrast, if conducted in Spanish or English, or if a light colour letter is displayed over a dark background or vice versa.
  • Fig. 9 shows the configuration window for all these options.
  • the complete measurement procedure begins with a quick adjustment test.
  • the threshold size value returned by the subject in this test is used as the starting value in the following forced selection test. This way, the total time is reduced by starting with a value that is close to the threshold.
  • Several repeats are carried out and the average value of the results obtained in the series is used as the final value.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • Developmental Disabilities (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Psychology (AREA)
  • Social Psychology (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
EP08787620A 2007-07-04 2008-06-20 Procédé automatisé pour mesurer l'acuité visuelle de lecture Withdrawn EP2168473A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200701891A ES2327307B1 (es) 2007-07-04 2007-07-04 Procedimiento automatizado para medir la agudeza visual de lectura.
PCT/ES2008/000439 WO2009007477A1 (fr) 2007-07-04 2008-06-20 Procédé automatisé pour mesurer l'acuité visuelle de lecture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2168473A1 true EP2168473A1 (fr) 2010-03-31
EP2168473A4 EP2168473A4 (fr) 2010-07-21

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Family Applications (1)

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EP08787620A Withdrawn EP2168473A4 (fr) 2007-07-04 2008-06-20 Procédé automatisé pour mesurer l'acuité visuelle de lecture

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US (1) US20100253913A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2168473A4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2327307B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009007477A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3039978A1 (fr) * 2015-08-14 2017-02-17 Essilor Int Procede de determination de moyens d'aide visuelle par rapport au comportement d'un individu soumis a un test

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140282285A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Cellco Partnership D/B/A Verizon Wireless Modifying a user interface setting based on a vision ability of a user
US9704411B1 (en) * 2013-07-31 2017-07-11 Edward Newill Method and apparatus for determining reading acuity with automated calibration
EP3164055A1 (fr) 2014-07-02 2017-05-10 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Système de détermination de l'état d'un oeil
CN104739363B (zh) 2015-04-17 2017-02-01 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种视力检测方法、装置和系统
WO2018206336A1 (fr) * 2017-05-12 2018-11-15 Essilor International Procédé de détermination d'une puissance spécifique en vision de près d'une lentille ophtalmique
US11113985B2 (en) * 2017-08-30 2021-09-07 Focus Reading Technology Inc. Visual acuity measurement apparatus
FR3078247B1 (fr) * 2018-02-23 2020-03-06 Nathalie Guillemain Procede de test visuel, module de commande et systeme associes

Citations (3)

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GB2355540A (en) * 1999-10-13 2001-04-25 Univ London Visual acuity chart display and measurement apparatus
US6238049B1 (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-29 Joanne Sawhill Griffin Interactive self-diagnostic system
WO2001060233A2 (fr) * 2000-02-14 2001-08-23 Levinson Harold N Procede fonde sur un reseau et appareil de detection du syndrome de dyslexie et des troubles lies au systeme cerebelleux-vestibulaire

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US5568209A (en) * 1995-04-17 1996-10-22 Priester; William B. Automated pocket-sized near vision tester
ATE321491T1 (de) * 1999-06-15 2006-04-15 Dimitri Caplygin System zur verbesserung von neurophysiologischen prozessen
US6386707B1 (en) * 1999-11-08 2002-05-14 Russell A. Pellicano Method for evaluating visual acuity over the internet
US6652101B1 (en) * 2001-10-09 2003-11-25 Stephen R. Glaser Method and apparatus for performing vision screening
US20060078858A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-13 Vroman David T Device and method for evaluation of reading speed to determine vision problems
US7517086B1 (en) * 2006-03-16 2009-04-14 Adobe Systems Incorporated Compensating for defects in human vision while displaying text and computer graphics objects on a computer output device
AT504635B1 (de) * 2006-10-17 2009-04-15 Wolfgang Dr Radner Ein verfahren zur computergestutzten messung von lesedauer, lesegeschwindigkeit, lesevisus und lesevisus mit lesefehlern
WO2008064379A1 (fr) * 2006-11-27 2008-06-05 Dexl Alois K Dispositif pour déceler l'acuité visuelle de lecture

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2355540A (en) * 1999-10-13 2001-04-25 Univ London Visual acuity chart display and measurement apparatus
US6238049B1 (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-29 Joanne Sawhill Griffin Interactive self-diagnostic system
WO2001060233A2 (fr) * 2000-02-14 2001-08-23 Levinson Harold N Procede fonde sur un reseau et appareil de detection du syndrome de dyslexie et des troubles lies au systeme cerebelleux-vestibulaire

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See also references of WO2009007477A1 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3039978A1 (fr) * 2015-08-14 2017-02-17 Essilor Int Procede de determination de moyens d'aide visuelle par rapport au comportement d'un individu soumis a un test
WO2017029442A1 (fr) * 2015-08-14 2017-02-23 Essilor International (Compagnie Générale d'Optique) Procédé de détermination de moyens d'aide visuelle par rapport au comportement d'un individu soumis a un test
CN107847125A (zh) * 2015-08-14 2018-03-27 依视路国际公司 通过参照接受测试的个人的行为确定视力辅助装置的方法
US10314476B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2019-06-11 Essilor International Method for determining visual aid means by reference to the behaviour of an individual subjected to a test
CN107847125B (zh) * 2015-08-14 2019-11-22 依视路国际公司 通过参照接受测试的个人的行为确定视力辅助装置的方法

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WO2009007477A1 (fr) 2009-01-15
ES2327307B1 (es) 2010-07-21
EP2168473A4 (fr) 2010-07-21
ES2327307A1 (es) 2009-10-27
US20100253913A1 (en) 2010-10-07

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