EP2167876B1 - Modulating burner - Google Patents
Modulating burner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2167876B1 EP2167876B1 EP08750991.5A EP08750991A EP2167876B1 EP 2167876 B1 EP2167876 B1 EP 2167876B1 EP 08750991 A EP08750991 A EP 08750991A EP 2167876 B1 EP2167876 B1 EP 2167876B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- openings
- diffuser
- burner
- burner according
- distributing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
- F23D14/725—Protection against flame failure by using flame detection devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
- F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
- F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
- F23D2203/1012—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape tubular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00003—Fuel or fuel-air mixtures flow distribution devices upstream of the outlet
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a modulating burner Such as described by
US2006/0154191 , in particular to a modulating burner with which an ionization sensor is associated for monitoring the combustion of a mixture of air and fuel delivered to the burner. - The ionization sensors are in general associated with burners for controlling the presence of the flame and the quality of combustion.
- It is known that the flame produced by the combustion of the mixture delivered to a burner causes ionisation of the burnt mixture in the zone immediately surrounding the flame.
- The ionization sensor is arranged near the surface of the diffuser of the burner, so as to be located in the zone affected by the ionisation produced by the flame and to generate a signal that is proportional to the ionization in said zone.
-
- If the signal S0 produced by the ionization sensor falls below a preset first value Smin or exceeds a preset second value Sx, or becomes unstable, this indicates that combustion is absent or irregular and that it is necessary to intervene to restore normal combustion conditions.
- In modulating burners, as the power is decreased at which the burner is run, the ionisation produced by the flame remains almost constant, or decreases only slightly, until the operating power of the burner reaches a minimum value Pmin, which, in known prior-art burners, is equal to approximately 17-20% of the nominal power of the burner, after which the intensity of ionisation decreases suddenly until it falls below the limit value Slim of sensor sensibility, when the operating power falls below a value P0<Pmin. The signal So generated by the ionization sensor is also maintained substantially constant or decreases slightly, nevertheless remaining between the values Smin and Smax until the operating power becomes less than Pmin, after which it falls sharply below the value Smin until it is completely cancelled when ionization intensity falls below the sensibility limit of the sensor, when the operating power becomes less than P0.
- It would be theoretically possible to define, for each operating power value between Pmin and P0, the value Smin and Smax within which the signal of the sensor has to be maintained if combustion is regular, but this is complex and difficult to manage.
- In known prior-art burners it is not therefore possible to use the ionization sensor to monitor combustion for operating power below Pmin.
- The present invention aims to provide a burner that enables the field of use of an ionization sensor to be extended that is associated with a premixed burner, in operating conditions with a power output below 17-20% of the nominal power of the burner down to operating conditions with power output approximately 10% of the nominal power of the burner. According to the present invention a burner is provided according to the object of
claim 1 - The flow of mixture that exits the openings made on the diffuser in the zone near which the ionization sensor is arranged creates combustion conditions that cause ionisation to be kept substantially constant when the operating power of the burner is varied up to approximately 10% of nominal power, so as to enable correct operation of the ionization sensor until said operating power value. In this way it is possible to extend the adjusting range of the burner beyond the currently possible limits, which entails greater flexibility in the operation of the burner and savings in operating costs.
- According to the invention, the diffuser, in the zone adjacent to the ionization sensor has a double row of openings in the shape of slits, that are separated by a surface portion of diffuser devoid of slits, said ionisation probe being arranged parallel to said portion of diffuser devoid of slits.
- The arrangement of the slits in the zone of the diffuser near which the ionization sensor is arranged contributes to stabilising ionisation in the zone surrounding the flame.
- The invention will now be disclosed, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the attached tables of drawings, in which:
-
Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a burner according to the invention; -
Figure 2 is a raised view of the burner inFigure 1 ; -
Figure 3 is section III-III inFigure 2 ; -
Figure 4 is an elevation view of a distributing element associated with the burner inFigure 1 ; -
Figure 5 is a top view of a second embodiment of a burner according to the invention; -
Figure 6 is section VI-VI ofFigure 5 ; -
Figure 7 a bottom view of the burner inFigure 5 . - In
Figures 1 to 4 a first embodiment of aburner 1 according to the invention is illustrated. Theburner 1 has a cylindrical shape with adiffuser 2 mounted between anupper base 3 and alower base 4. - The
upper base 3 has acentral ridge 5 facing inside the burner. Similarly, thelower base 4 has acentral ridge 6, facing inside the burner, in which acentral opening 4a is made for delivering a mixture of air and fuel inside theburner 1. - Between the two
ridges element 7, which is also cylinder-shaped, having a dimension that is less than the diameter of thedel diffuser 2, so that aspace 8 remains between the external surface of the distributingelement 7 and the internal surface of thediffuser 2. - The
diffuser 2 is provided withfirst openings 9 and withsecond openings 9a, to enable the mixture to pass from thespace 8 to the outside of theburner 1, where combustion of the mixture is brought about. - The
first openings 9 take the shape of holes, whilst thesecond openings 9a take the shape of slits. - Groups of rows of
holes 9, arranged parallel to a longitudinal axis of theburner 1 alternate with rows ofslits 9a, which are also arranged parallel to the axis of theburner 1. - Over the entire surface of the
diffuser 2 the groups of rows ofholes 9 alternate with single rows ofslits 9a, except in a zone A of diffuser in which there are two facingrows 9b ofslits 10a that are separated by a surface portion B of diffuser devoid of openings. - The distributing
element 7 is provided with furtherfirst openings 10 and with furthersecond openings 10a, distributed over the entire surface of the distributingelement 7, to enable the passage of the mixture delivered to theburner 1 insaid space 8. - The second
further openings 10a of the distributingelement 7 are arranged at said zone A of the surface of thediffuser 2, so that the mixture that passes through the secondfurther openings 10a exits thediffuser 2 through therows 9b ofslits 9a. - The second
further openings 10a have a different distribution from the distribution of the furtherfirst openings 10 and/or greater dimensions than the dimensions of the furtherfirst openings 10. Advantageously, the furthersecond openings 10a may have a greater distribution density than the distribution density of the furtherfirst openings 10. Distribution density is defined as the number of openings per surface unit of the distributingelement 7. - At the portion B of diffuser there is arranged, in a direction that is substantially parallel to the surface of the
diffuser 2 anionization sensor 11, represented schematically, inFigure 2 , by a rectilinear segment. Theionization sensor 11 has a first free end and is fixed at a second end to a supportingelement 11a that can be mounted on theburner 1 or also on a wall of a combustion chamber in which theburner 1 is installed. - The number and/or density of the
holes 10a is greater near said second end, whilst it decreases towards said first end. During operation of theburner 1, at the twoadjacent rows 9b of slits a combustion zone is formed in which ionisation is maintained substantially constant when the operating power of the burner varies, up to operating power of approximately 10% of the nominal power of the burner. - This ensures that the
ionisation sensor 11 can operate correctly even when the burner operates at very reduced power, down to even approximately 10% the nominal power of the burner, whilst in known prior-art burners the sensor becomes ineffective when power falls below approximately 17-20% of the nominal power of the burner. - In the diagram set out below the signal So generated by the ionization sensor in a prior-art burner and the signal S'0 generated by the ionization sensor in a burner according to the invention are compared.
-
- Owing to the invention, it is thus possible to obtain a burner modulation range that is wider than that of prior-art burners, which permits greater flexibility in the adjustment of the burner and savings in operating costs.
- In
Figures 5, 6 and 7 there is shown a second embodiment of aburner 1a according to the invention, in which thediffuser 2a has a substantially flat surface and consists of a series ofdiffuser elements 12 that are alongside one another. - With the
diffuser 2a a distributingelement 7a is associated, which also has a substantially flat surface. The distributingelement 7a consists of a series of distributingelements 13 that are alongside one another, each arranged inside acorresponding diffuser element 12. Between each distributingelement 13 and the surface of thecorresponding diffuser element 12 aspace 8a is defined, in which a mixture of fuel and air is distributed that is delivered to the burner before exiting from thediffuser 2a. - On the surface of each
diffuser element 12 first openings are made consisting of two groups of rows ofholes 9, interrupted by a row of second slit-shaped openings 9a. - In a
diffuser element 12a, on the other hand, two rows ofadjacent slits 9b are made that are separated by a diffuser zone that is devoid of openings. - At said diffuser zone devoid of openings, in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the
diffuser 2a, anionization sensor 11 is arranged that is represented schematically inFigure 5 , with a rectilinear segment. Theionization sensor 11 has a first free end and is fixed at second end to a supportingelement 11a that can be mounted on theburner 1a or also to a wall of a combustion chamber in which theburner 1a is installed. - Each distributing
element 13 is provided with firstfurther openings 10, in the shape of holes, distributed in a substantially uniform manner on the surface of the distributingelement 13. A distributingelement 13a, associated with thediffuser element 12a, is provided with furthersecond openings 10a having a different distribution and/or dimensions greater than the firstfurther openings 10. Advantageously, the furthersecond openings 10a may have a greater distribution density than the distribution density of the furtherfirst openings 10. - The second
further openings 10a are distributed in a substantially similar way to the secondfurther openings 10a of thedistributing element 7 of the burner shown inFigures 1 to 4 and perform the same function already disclosed previously. - The
slits 9a made in thediffuser 2 of theburner 1 and in thediffuser 2a of theburner 1a have, for example, a length comprised between 4mm and 8 mm and a width comprised between 0.4 mm and 0.8 mm, the length of' theslits 9a is 6 mm, with a width of 0.6 mm. - The
holes 9 made in thediffuser 2 of theburner 1 and in thediffuser 2a of theburner 1a have a diameter of at least 0.7 mm. - The dimensions of the
holes diffuser 7 of theburner 1 and in the distributingelements 13a of theburner 1a have a diameter comprised between approximately 2.5 mm and 5 mm. - In the practical embodiment, the materials, the dimensions and the constructional details may be different from those indicated without thereby leaving the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (13)
- Burner (1) comprising a diffuser (2; 2a) in which first openings (9) and second openings (9a; 9b) are made for the passage of a mixture of fuel and air delivered to the burner, a distributing element (7; 13; 13a) arranged inside the burner (1) near said diffuser (2, 2a), said distributing element being provided with further first openings (10) and further second openings (10a) for the passage of said mixture, an ionization sensor (11) arranged near a zone (A) of the surface of said diffuser (2; 2a) in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the diffuser (2; 2a), said first openings (9) having the shape of holes and said second openings (9a; 9b) having the shape of slits, in said zone (A) two rows of slits (9b) being made that are separated by a surface portion (B) of diffuser devoid of openings, characterised in that said ionization sensor (11) is arranged above said surface portion (B) of diffuser between said two rows of slits (9b), and in that said further second openings (10a) are arranged at said zone (A) of said diffuser (2, 2a), said further second openings (10a) have a distribution other than the distribution of said further first openings (10) and/or dimensions greater than the dimensions of said further openings (10).
- Burner according to claim 1, wherein said further second openings (10a) have a distribution density that is greater than the distribution density of said further first openings (10).
- Burner according to any preceding claim, wherein said diffuser (2) and said distributing element (7) have a substantially cylindrical shape.
- Burner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said diffuser (2a) and said distributing element (7a) have a substantially flat shape.
- Burner according to claim 4, wherein said diffuser (2a) comprises a plurality of diffuser elements (12) that are arranged alongside one another.
- Burner according to claim 5, wherein said distributing element (7a) comprises a plurality of distributing elements (13) each of which is associated with a respective diffuser element (12).
- Burner according to claim 5, or 6, wherein said zone (A) comprises one of said diffuser elements (12a).
- Burner according to claims 6 or 7, wherein each of said distributing elements (13) is provided with said first further openings (10).
- Burner according to claim 8, wherein one of said distributing elements (13a) associated with said diffuser element (12a), is provided with said further second openings (10a).
- Burner according to any preceding claim, wherein said first hole-shaped openings (9) have a diameter of at least 0.7 mm approximately.
- Burner according to any preceding claim, wherein said second slit-shaped openings (9a) have a length comprised between 4mm and 8 mm and a width comprised between 0.4 mm and 0.8 mm.
- Burner according to claim 11, wherein said second slit-shaped openings (9a) are 6 mm long and 0.6 mm wide.
- Burner according to any preceding claim, wherein said first further openings (10) and said second further openings (10a) have a diameter comprised between approximately 2.5 mm and approximately 5 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000167A ITMO20070167A1 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | MODULATING BURNER |
PCT/IB2008/001258 WO2008142531A2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2008-05-21 | Modulating burner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2167876A2 EP2167876A2 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
EP2167876B1 true EP2167876B1 (en) | 2013-07-10 |
Family
ID=39875657
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08750991.5A Not-in-force EP2167876B1 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2008-05-21 | Modulating burner |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100227285A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2167876B1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITMO20070167A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008142531A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202016105039U1 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2017-09-14 | Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | gas burner |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20071751A1 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-13 | Polidoro S P A | PREMIXED BURNER |
ITPD20070388A1 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-05-20 | Sit La Precisa S P A Con Socio | BURNER, IN PARTICULAR GAS BURNER WITH PRE-MIXING |
WO2010094673A1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-08-26 | Bekaert Combust. Technol. B.V. | Premix gas burner with improved flame monitoring and control |
EP2510281B1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2017-10-25 | Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. | Burner with low porosity burner deck |
US9874348B2 (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2018-01-23 | Bromic Heating Pty. Limited | Wind resistant heater |
IT1399921B1 (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2013-05-09 | Worgas Bruciatori Srl | PREMIXED BURNER |
IT1402900B1 (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2013-09-27 | Worgas Bruciatori Srl | BURNER WITH HIGH STABILITY |
ITMI20110390A1 (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2012-09-12 | Bertelli & Partners Srl | GAS BURNER PERFECTED FOR PREMIXED COMBUSTION |
ITVI20110181A1 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-06 | Aldo Polidoro | FUEL GAS BURNER |
EP2844920B1 (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2016-05-18 | Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. | Gas premix burner |
DE102017213767A1 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Burner cover, method of making a burner cover, and a surface burner |
WO2019158382A1 (en) | 2018-02-14 | 2019-08-22 | Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. | Cylindrical premix gas burner |
IT202000002209A1 (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-05 | Polidoro S P A | PREMIX BURNER |
EP3910237A3 (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-02-23 | Vaillant GmbH | Burner assembly and distribution plate |
IT202200004688A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-11 | Beckett Thermal Solutions S R L | BURNER |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1096310B (en) * | 1958-01-23 | 1961-01-05 | Faure & Cie Soc | Safety device for gas-fed heaters |
JPS5912230A (en) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-01-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Burner |
JPS59157412A (en) * | 1983-02-25 | 1984-09-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Ceramics burner |
JPS61116217A (en) * | 1984-11-09 | 1986-06-03 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Combustion device |
JPS62186123A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Combustion device |
WO1989001116A1 (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-02-09 | Worgas Bruciatori S.R.L. | COMBUSTION PROCESS AND GAS BURNER WITH LOW NOx, CO EMISSION |
AT391197B (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1990-08-27 | Vaillant Gmbh | DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE OPERATION OF THE BURNER PLATE OF A SURFACE BURNER IMPLEMENTED BY MIXTURE OUTLETS |
US4900245A (en) * | 1988-10-25 | 1990-02-13 | Solaronics | Infrared heater for fluid immersion apparatus |
IT1310192B1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2002-02-11 | Worgas Bruciatori Srl | METHOD AND MEANS FOR THE SAFETY CONTROL OF BURNERS. |
ITMO20030154A1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-11-24 | Worgas Bruciatori Srl | MODULABLE BURNER |
JP4034749B2 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2008-01-16 | リンナイ株式会社 | Cylindrical burner |
JP3958754B2 (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2007-08-15 | リンナイ株式会社 | Cylindrical burner |
US20060154191A1 (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2006-07-13 | Worgas Bruciatori S.R.L.. | Burner with diffuser resistant to high operating temperatures |
DE102005056499B4 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2009-04-23 | Ceramat, S. Coop., Asteasu | gas burner |
-
2007
- 2007-05-21 IT IT000167A patent/ITMO20070167A1/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-05-21 US US12/601,104 patent/US20100227285A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-05-21 EP EP08750991.5A patent/EP2167876B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-05-21 WO PCT/IB2008/001258 patent/WO2008142531A2/en active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202016105039U1 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2017-09-14 | Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | gas burner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2167876A2 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
US20100227285A1 (en) | 2010-09-09 |
WO2008142531A2 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
WO2008142531A3 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
ITMO20070167A1 (en) | 2008-11-22 |
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