EP2165030A1

EP2165030A1 - Mast arrangement

Info

Publication number: EP2165030A1
Application number: EP08786204A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Paul Reichartz
Original assignee: Induo Gesellschaft zur Verwertung von Schutzrechten mbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Induo Gesellschaft zur Verwertung von Schutzrechten mbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2007-07-18
Filing date: 2008-07-17
Publication date: 2010-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2028-07-17
Also published as: US20100293880A1; PL2165030T3; EP2165030B1; DE102007033829A1; WO2009010551A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a mast arrangement having at least two single masts (1, 2) and at least one beam (3, 4) connecting the single masts, characterized by at least one shear connector (5, 6, 7, 8) provided with anchor pins engaging the anchor pins in an exterior side of the beam and/or the single mast to connect the beam to one of the single masts. Said mast arrangement is easily statically calculated, so that it can be designed appropriately for the load at a low cost.

Description

mast assembly

The invention relates to a mast arrangement with at least two single masts and at least one carrier connecting the individual masts.

Medium- and low-voltage networks use wooden pole arrangements that carry trusses to which power lines are attached. The trusses are usually steel or double T-beams made of steel or wood, which are connected to the wood mast assembly via angled U-profiles, the U-profiles are secured with clips at the top of the wood pole assembly. One of the possible wooden mast constructions is known as H-mast and usually consists of two single masts and a connecting this stiffening.

A major disadvantage of the known wooden mast constructions is that their statics can not be calculated accurately enough. A key reason for this is that the wooden masts expand to different extents due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity. Therefore, the design of wooden poles in terms of their thickness and the size and type of fasteners based on empirical empirical values with the disadvantage that the designs used are not economical.

In contrast, the present invention seeks to provide a mast assembly of the type mentioned, which is statically calculable and can be designed to meet stress and cost.

This object is achieved with a mast arrangement having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

A carrier is understood here and below as meaning any mast element which has an effect connecting the individual masts and the effect of a structural beam or rod.

A composite anchor is understood here and below as a connecting element with a core, which carries a plurality of anchor pins. The core may have a symmetrical or asymmetrical shape. Elongated cores with a square or diamond-shaped cross section have proven to be practically relevant core shapes. But it can also be used as polyhedron cores or other symmetrical or asymmetrical cores used. The composite anchors can be designed according to need with one or more through holes longitudinally or transversely through its core and serve as a so-called push-through anchors as bearings for threaded pins. You can also have threaded holes for screws to be attached to the anchor.

Depending on the field of application, the anchor pins may extend in opposite directions only parallel to one another or on opposite sides of the core. Also, a composite anchor as a node connection for two or more carriers with at least two acting in different directions anchor pin areas, especially if the core is a polyhedron. The anchor pins may have a round or polygonal cross-section and in particular be formed as spikes. The composite anchors may be integrally or multiply formed from one or different materials. Particularly preferred are conical anchor pins which taper in the direction away from the armature core.

It has surprisingly been found that when using anchoring pins provided with composite anchors as connecting elements both tensile and compressive forces as well as occurring between the straps to be connected and single masts shear and shear forces are particularly well transmitted because the anchor pins the forces on the outside of a Carrier or a single mast transferred to this, but initiate its interior. As a result, the introduction of force from the geometric extent of the carrier or the single mast is largely independent. Thus, for the first time, the mast arrangement according to the invention can be statically calculated so accurately that the selection of the materials used and the material thicknesses can be determined for the first time on the basis of calculations of the expected load cases.

The materials for beams, single masts and composite anchors can be chosen so that the composite anchor can be pressed into the outer surface of the carrier and / or single masts. This is possible in particular when the mast in the region of the anchor receptacle has a rubber-like material which has elastic properties within certain limits. In particular, when the anchor pins have one or more undercuts, so that press the formed by the undercuts circumferential edges of the anchor pin in the surface of a resulting from the press-fitting recording, the composite anchor can sit firmly in the recording. However, recesses are preferably provided on their outer surface, in particular in carriers or single masts of wood, which further preferably correspond to the shape of the anchor pins before the anchor pins of the composite anchor are inserted into the receptacles in the outer surface of the carrier.

In a further preferred embodiment of the mast arrangement according to the invention, means are provided for securing the composite anchor engaging in the receptacles in the outer surface (s) of the carrier (s) and / or individual masts. As such means are in particular mechanical fastening means, in particular screws or bolts into consideration, for example, engage directly in the carrier, be it parallel to the anchor pins or obliquely thereto, wherein the fastening means are preferably directly in communication with the composite anchor. As connecting agents but also suitable adhesives, such as two-component adhesives come into consideration.

Other attachment options include, for example, to secure the composite anchor with a cross around the composite anchor and the carrier or single mast clamp on the carrier or single mast. Also, the composite anchor can lie directly between a support and a single mast, which can then be held together with other fasteners such as screws, clamps or the like, so that the composite anchor is securely held in position between the carrier and the single mast.

Especially with two, but also with several on a single mast and adjacent carriers, it makes sense that the composite anchor is provided with anchor pins for the single mast and for each of the carrier and engages with these in the single mast and in the carrier to a possible Good transfer of forces from the carriers in the single mast and from carrier to carrier to achieve.

However, embodiments are also preferred in which the composite anchor has only anchor pins for a single mast or support and to be connected to each

Carrier or single mast is connected via other means. Thus, a composite anchor, which engages on one side with anchor pins in a single mast and is fastened for example by a screw on the mast, connected on the other side with a cross-member carrying U-profile, for example via rivets, a weld and / or a screw be. If the carriers connected to one another via a composite anchor at least partially abut each other, it is advantageous if they are flat in the abutting areas. In particular, when the mast assemblies are made at the point where they are to be set up, creating a planar abutment surface is much easier than creating a profiled surface.

A mast arrangement according to the invention can optionally be provided with a crossbeam, which can also be connected to the mast arrangement as a carrier via one or more composite anchors. The mast arrangement can be stiffened by at least two carriers arranged crosswise, wherein these carriers are preferably interconnected at the point of intersection by means of a composite anchor located therebetween.

The mast assembly according to the invention is particularly suitable for single masts and support made of wood or a wood composite material and is particularly suitable for mast arrangements with single poles made of round timbers. Especially with the use of natural materials, the advantage of predictability comes particularly to bear, especially when used at all power transmission points between single masts and carriers shear connectors as connecting elements. However, the carriers and also the individual masts can also consist, for example, of a plastic material, a concrete material or other suitable materials.

The mast arrangements according to the invention are particularly suitable for use as pylons in medium-voltage, low-voltage and high-voltage networks up to 360 kV, but also for use in telecommunications networks, e.g. Telephone transmission towers.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures, in which various preferred embodiments of the invention are shown.

Show it:

Fig. 1: a partial view of a mast assembly according to the invention;

2 shows a partial view of a further mast arrangement according to the invention;

3: an exploded view of a first detail of the one shown in FIG

Mast assembly; 4 shows an exploded view of a second detail of the mast arrangement illustrated in FIG. 2; FIG. 5: an exploded view of a third detail of that shown in FIG

Mast assembly; 6 is an exploded view of a fourth detail of that shown in FIG

Mast assembly; 7 is an exploded view of a fifth detail of that shown in FIG

Mast assembly; Fig. 8 is an isometric view of a composite anchor type usable for the mast arrangements according to the invention;

Fig. 9a: a usable for the mast assemblies according to the invention anchor with a curved, continuous anchor surface in isometric view;

FIG. 9b shows a top view of the composite anchor shown in FIG. 9a; FIG. 9c shows a cross section of the composite anchor shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b along the line A-A in FIG. 9b; FIG.

9d shows a longitudinal section of the composite anchor shown in FIGS. 9a to 9c along the line B-B in FIG. 9c.

The mast arrangement shown in Figure 1 is a so-called H-mast with a first vertical single mast 1 and a second vertical single mast 2, which are each shown only in partial sections. The individual masts 1, 2 are spaced from each other and connected in a lower portion via two mutually cross, rod-like carrier 3, 4 of equal length. The carriers 3, 4 are arranged between the single masts 1, 2 and connected in each case at their front ends via connecting means 5, 6, 7, 8 with the area of the individual masts 1, 2 facing them. The connection means 5, 6, 7, 8 will be explained below with reference to FIG. The connection points between single masts 1, 2 and beams 3, 4 are all in one plane, so that the carrier 3, 4 are slightly bent.

In an upper section, the mast arrangement has a horizontal support, which is fastened to both single masts 1, 2, as traverse 9, which extends beyond the individual masts on both sides. The means 1 1, 12 for attaching the cross member 9 to the single masts 1, 2 are described below with reference to FIG. 3.

While the carrier 3, 4 as well as the traverse 9 are designed as square, the single masts 1, 2 consist of round timbers.

The mast arrangement shown in Figure 2 also has two vertical single masts 21, 22 of round timbers spaced from each other and rod-like support 23, 24, 25, 26th are connected to each other with the same length. In contrast to the mast arrangement shown in Figure 1, the carriers are not cross-like side by side, but are arranged in the form of a cross to each other. Their front ends pointing to the middle of the cross are connected by connecting means 27, which will be explained in detail below with reference to FIG. The means for connecting the individual masts 21, 22 facing front ends of the carriers 23, 24, 25, 26 with the single masts 21, 22 are identical to those shown in Figure 1 and will be described with reference to Figure 6 below in detail.

The mast assembly carries in the upper portion of a horizontal cross member 28 which is formed by two parallel guided Vierkdarölzer 29, 31 which are fixed to opposite sides of the single masts 21, 22. The attachment of the squared timbers to the single masts will be explained in detail below with reference to FIG.

Between the square squares 29, 31 28 connecting blocks 32, 33, 34 are arranged at their outer ends and in the middle of the traverse. At the two outer connecting blocks 32, 34 each extending at an angle of approximately 45 °, rod-like support 35, 36 is fixed, which is connected at its ends facing away from the connection blocks with one of the individual masts 21, 22. The middle connecting block 33 is connected to two brackets 37, 38 each extending upward at an angle of 45 ° to the cross member 28, whose ends remote from the connecting block 33 are each connected to one of the two individual masts 21, 22. The attachment of the carriers 35, 36, 37, 38 to the connection blocks 32, 33, 34 is described in detail with reference to Figures 4 and 5. The means 39, 41, 42, 43 for connecting the carriers 35, 36, 37, 38 to the single masts 21, 22 correspond to the means 44, 45, 46, 47 for connecting the carriers 23, 24, 25, 26 to the single masts 21, 22 and will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the connection of the traverse 28 to one of the single masts 21. An essential component of the connecting means used for this purpose is in each case a composite anchor with a core, on one side of a concave contact surface for the plant of the composite anchor to the single mast and on its opposite side threaded holes are provided for a screw. On the contact surface two parallel rows are provided with four anchor pins, which extend conically out of the contact surface out. At the edges of the contact surface bores are provided as through holes for fixing screws. In the single mast are on each side for receiving a composite anchor 51, 52 two vertical, parallel rows of four Recesses 53 provided, the cavity profile corresponds to the profile of the anchor pins. For attachment of the composite anchor 51, 52 on the single mast 21 of the composite anchor is inserted with the anchor pins in the recesses and then screwed with mounting screws that are passed through the through holes.

To the square timber 29, 31 in the mounting area on their side facing the composite anchors metal sheets 54, 55 are screwed as surface protection. The square squares 29, 31 are then fastened with two screws 56, 57 on the anchor cores. If U-profiles, for example made of metal, are used instead of square timber for the traverse, the metal sheets 54, 55 are not required.

In Figure 4, the connection of the carrier 36, 37 is shown with the traverse 28. The carriers 36, 37 each consist of two superimposed halves, between which a composite anchor 61, 62 of the type shown in Figure 8 is embedded, wherein at the front end of the inner surfaces of the halves respectively recordings for the anchor pins and the armature core of the composite anchor 61, 62nd are provided and the carrier halves are glued when the composite anchor is embedded. The composite anchor has on its side facing the front side of the carrier a threaded bore which is accessible via an opening on the front side of the carrier.

The connecting block 33 arranged between the squared timbers 29, 31 is a cuboid with a rectangular cross-section. It has a slot along its longitudinal axis and is fastened with a screw bolt 63 between the square wood 29, 31. Also, one through hole is provided parallel to each of the two short center axes of the connection block 33. It is thus possible to fasten the carriers 36, 37 to the connecting block 33 and thus to the cross-member 28 via screw bolts 64, 65 guided through the through-holes and screwed into the composite anchors 61, 62.

The connection shown in Figure 5 of the carrier 35 with the cross member 28 is largely identical to that shown in Figure 4 with the sole exception that only one carrier 35 is connected to the connecting block 32.

FIG. 6 shows the means for connecting the previously described carriers 3, 4, 23, 24, 25, 26, 35, 36, 37, 38 to the single masts 1, 2, 21, 22. Every carrier is like the one in

Figure 4 illustrated carrier formed in two parts, wherein at its front side, in each case the single mast 71 facing end 72 in identical form in each case a composite anchor 73rd is admitted. In the single mast are on its the support 72 facing outer surface in two parallel vertical rows per 6 conical recesses 74 for receiving the anchor pins of a composite anchor 75 inserted. The structure of the composite anchor 75 substantially corresponds to that described with reference to FIG. 4, but instead of eight, it has a total of twelve anchor pins and five each instead of three through holes at the edges of the contact surface. In addition, the core body on a vertical slot, which is interrupted by a recess 76 at its the carrier end 72 side facing. This type of anchor will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 9a to 9d.

The anchor pins of the composite anchor 74 are inserted into the recesses in the single mast. Then the composite anchor 74 is attached to the single mast by screws 75.

In the recess 76 of the composite anchor 75, a hinge member 77 is held by a guided through the slot 78 bolt. The hinge element has a web pointing in the direction of the carrier end 72.

The composite anchor 73 is coupled to the composite anchor 75 by a screw bolt 79 which is turned into the composite anchor 73 and to the bolt head of which an eyelet is likewise provided. The eyelets on the bolt head and on the hinge element 77 are then connected to each other by a pin 81.

In Figure 7, the means for connecting the four carriers 23, 24, 25, 26 are shown. In each of the cross-center point facing the end of each carrier in the manner described above, a composite anchor 91, 92, 93, 94 is inserted. These composite anchors are connected via bolts 95, 96, 97, 98 in the manner of the bolt 79 of Figure 6 with a circular disk 99, which has circumferentially offset by 90 ° holes, the bolts are secured to the holes with pins 102.

Fig. 8 shows a composite anchor with a core 1 1 1, which has a substantially square cross-section. The front side is in the core 1 1 1 a threaded bore 1 12 inserted. On all longitudinal sides 1 13, 1 14, 1 15, 1 16 of the core 1 1 1 mutually parallel extending anchor pins 1 17 are arranged, the longitudinal axes each form an angle of 45 ° to the respective outer surface on which they are arranged, and wherein the anchor pins 1 17 on each two adjacent sides parallel to each other. The anchor pins 17 are conically formed with a cross-section tapering away from the core. The composite anchor illustrated in FIGS. 9a to 9d differs from that illustrated in FIG. 8 essentially in that its core 151, 151 'has anchor pins 154 on only one side and webs 152, 153 on both sides of the core 151, 151' are provided, which form a continuous, concave bearing surface 155 on the side of the anchor pins 154 together with the core. The cross section of the core 151, 151 'is substantially semicircular. The webs 152, 153 extend over the entire length of the core 151, 151 'and are each provided with five through holes 156. The armature core 151, 151 'has a slot 157, 157' in the direction of its longitudinal axis.

The semi-circular body of the armature core does not extend over the entire length of the composite anchor. Rather, it has two spaced apart, but aligned with each other anchor parts 151, 151 '. The interruption of the anchor body serves as a receptacle for the previously described hinge element, which is held by a bolt which is inserted into the oblong hole 157, 157 '.

Claims

claims

1. mast arrangement with at least two single masts (1, 2, 21, 22) and at least one carrier connecting the individual masts (3, 4, 9, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28), characterized by at least one anchoring pins provided with anchor ( 5, 6, 7, 8, 44, 45, 46, 47, 51, 52, 75) engaging the outside of the carrier and / or the single mast to connect the carrier to one of the single masts with the anchor pins.

2. mast assembly according to claim 1, characterized by receptacles (53, 74) in the outside of the single mast and / or the carrier for receiving the anchor pins of a composite anchor (51, 75).

3. mast assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by means for holding the engaging in the outer side (s) composite anchor in position.

4. Mast arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the holding means are mechanical fastening means, in particular screws (76).

5. mast arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the fastening means engage in the carrier and / or the single mast.

6. mast assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that the fastening means engage obliquely to the anchor pins in the carrier (21) or the single mast (71).

7. Mast arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the fastening means are directly connected to the composite anchor (51, 52, 75) in connection.

8. mast arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the connecting anchor engages with its anchor pins both in the single mast and in the carrier.

9. mast assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the composite anchor between a single mast and one or more associated carrier (s) is arranged.

10. mast arrangement according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the single mast and support abut each other in the region of the connection and are formed flat in this area.

1 1. Mast arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by cross members (9, 28) as a carrier for receiving loads.

12. mast arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized by at least two cross-arranged carrier (3, 4) for stiffening the mast assembly.

13. mast arrangement according to claim 12, characterized by at least one composite anchor at the intersection between two cross-arranged carriers.

14. mast arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by composite anchors (5, 6, 7, 8, 44, 45, 46, 47) at all connection points between the carrier (s)

(3, 4, 9, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28) and single masts (1, 2, 21, 22).

15. Mast arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one carrier (3, 4, 9, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28) or a single mast (1, 2, 21, 22) made of wood or a wood composite material is formed.

16. mast arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that at least one of the single masts (1, 2, 21, 22) is formed of a round timber.

17. Mast arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized by steel beams.