EP2163133A1 - SCHALTUNG ZUM BETRIEB VON LEUCHTDIODEN (LEDs) - Google Patents
SCHALTUNG ZUM BETRIEB VON LEUCHTDIODEN (LEDs)Info
- Publication number
- EP2163133A1 EP2163133A1 EP08773794A EP08773794A EP2163133A1 EP 2163133 A1 EP2163133 A1 EP 2163133A1 EP 08773794 A EP08773794 A EP 08773794A EP 08773794 A EP08773794 A EP 08773794A EP 2163133 A1 EP2163133 A1 EP 2163133A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- operating current
- light
- driver circuit
- current
- emitting diode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
- H05B45/24—Controlling the colour of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
- H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
- H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
- H05B45/375—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
- H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
- H05B45/38—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using boost topology
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/37—Converter circuits
- H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
- H05B45/385—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using flyback topology
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for the operation of light emitting diodes or a method thereof.
- FIG. 1 shows, for example, spectra of a blue 1, green 2, yellow 3 and red 4 light-emitting diode.
- Modules are known in which light emitting diodes of different colors, e.g. Blue and yellow (two LEDs) or red, green and blue (RGB) are combined so that their light, for example, mixed by means of a diffusing screen and that the mixed light appears white or that the spectrum of the resulting light 5 over the entire visible area extends.
- valleys 6, 7 are present in the spectrum of this emitted light. These valleys have the disadvantage that, for example, objects with colors in the region of these gaps are rendered very dull with the photometric size color rendering index or CRI (Color Rendering Index) is accordingly dependent on these gaps.
- the color rendering index expresses how close the color rendering of an artificial illuminant comes to the widely distributed continuous spectrum of natural sunlight. As you know, this can not be expressed solely by the color temperature, because the color temperature does not indicate whether there may be gaps in the spectrum of an artificial illuminant.
- Fig. 2 shows the spectrum of such a white light emitting diode.
- a short-wave light such as blue light 8
- long-wave light for example in the yellow or red wavelength range 9.
- the object of the present invention to provide a drive circuit for light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode modules with which the color rendering index or the quality of the color reproduction of light-emitting diodes can be increased.
- the invention now makes targeted use of the fact that the color spectrum of a light-emitting diode depends on the intensity or current with which it is operated.
- the invention now improves the color rendering index CRI by slightly reducing the gaps, in which the light-emitting diode is selectively operated with different intensity over time.
- the change in intensity is preferably faster than the temporal resolving power of the eye (for example, over 100 Hz), as is known in PWM-modulated light-emitting diodes known.
- PWM-modulated light-emitting diodes known.
- at least one further positive (ie nonzero) intensity value is used.
- a driver circuit is provided for providing an operating current for at least one light emitting diode (LED). At a given supplied setpoint for the lamp current, the driver circuit spreads this time into different values, the time average corresponding to the setpoint.
- the operating current can be changed periodically.
- the operating current can accommodate predetermined discrete values.
- the time period during which a discrete value is recorded may be smaller than the temporal resolving power of the human eye.
- the duration of a discrete value may be less than 1/100 s.
- the operating current can vary continuously at least temporarily.
- the intensity of the operating current can be reduced to zero.
- the power source may have an input for receiving information regarding the timing of the operating current.
- the power source may have an input for receiving a setpoint for the average time intensity of the operating current.
- the current source can have an input for receiving the actual value of the operating current. It can be provided on the basis of the setpoint value and the detected actual value of the operating current, a control circuit for controlling the operating current.
- the course of the operating current can be selected such that no flicker is perceptible to the human eye.
- an apparatus for operating at least one light-emitting diode, comprising such a current source.
- the device can have a plurality of current sources for driving a plurality of light-emitting diodes.
- a method for improving the color rendering index of at least one light-emitting diode in which the current flowing through the light-emitting diode has different intensities in time.
- a method for operating at least one light-emitting diode with an operating current, wherein the operating current has different positive intensities.
- the invention thus relates to a circuit or a method for improving the color rendering index of LEDs, wherein the LED with a frequency higher than that temporal resolving power of the human eye is operated at different intensities.
- a color rendering index modulation unit is present, to which an average current setpoint value is supplied, wherein the modulation unit then spreads this average setpoint time into widely spaced permissible currents.
- the present invention is essentially concerned with the possibility of specifically using the drift of the dominant wavelength in light-emitting diodes depending on the applied forward current.
- the forward current is applied in such a way that the amplitude value per time period is varied to a certain extent. This ensures that the emitting light, resp. whose emitting wavelength is deliberately shifted over the time period, so that the typical narrow-band light-emitting diode light emission is slightly widened ("Wavelength Jittering”) . This means that the color rendering index in a mixing system can be increased in a targeted manner.
- the waveform to form such a system can be chosen differently. For example, different control signals are possible from triangle, 2-3 or multi-level signals. However, the signal shape should be chosen so that the desired jitter width can be achieved.
- the signal shape can also be made dependent on which average current is desired.
- an RGBY (red, green, blue, yellow) system can be used as an example, whereby each color is driven separately, eg with a step signal, and thus the said jitter is generated.
- Fig. 2 shows the spectrum of one with the aid of a
- Color conversion layer produced known white light emitting diode
- Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a
- Fig. 4 shows the dependence between the
- Fig. 5 shows an operating current according to a particular embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 shows the various spectrums generated with the operating current shown in FIG. 5 as well as the wider spectrum detected by the human eye.
- FIGS. 7 to 12 show alternative forms of operating current according to further embodiments of the invention.
- Fig. 13 shows another embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the present invention.
- Fig. 3 now shows an embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the present invention.
- the circuit arrangement 30 essentially comprises a drive circuit (driver circuit) 31, a current source 32 and a light-emitting diode module 33 for one or more light-emitting diodes 34.
- the light-emitting diode 34 is operated with the current source 32.
- the current source 32 has a bipolar transistor, wherein the light-emitting diode 34 is connected to the collector of an NPN transistor 35.
- the emitter of the transistor 35 is connected to ground by means of an ohmic resistor 36.
- the transistor 35 is also coupled to the drive circuit 31 via a further ohm 1 see resistor 37.
- the drive circuit 31 controls the switching on and off of the transistor 35 via a control terminal 38.
- a second transistor or switch 35 'in the current source 32 is arranged.
- the second transistor 35 ' is controlled by a control terminal 38' of the drive circuit 31.
- the second transistor 35 ' is likewise connected to ground and to the control terminal 38' by means of ohmic resistors 36 ', 37'.
- the respective NPN transistor 35, 35 ' which generally the
- the diode current can be detected and controlled by changing the base voltage to a desired value. It is used to control the light emitting diode
- a control signal according to the invention is applied to the base terminal of the transistors 35, 35 '.
- the light-emitting diode 34 is operated by a current Il. If, in contrast, the first transistor 35 is switched off and only the second transistor 35 'is switched on, then the light-emitting diode 34 is operated by a current 12. When the transistors 35, 35 'are switched on at the same time, an operating current 11 + 12 results.
- the control of the light-emitting diode 34 can thus be effected by a current source 32, which can provide, for example, three different strictly positive current intensities II, 12, 11 + 12.
- the drive circuit (driver) 31 and the current source 32 can be known to be constructed differently. It is important that from the power source 32 at least two positive current amplitudes are provided for the operation of the light emitting diode.
- the control circuit 31 can be supplied externally and / or internally setpoints that specify the time-averaged desired current through the light emitting diodes.
- the drive circuit spreads this setpoint in at least two different values greater than zero, which are controlled sequentially, wherein the time average in turn corresponds to the predetermined target value.
- Color locus correction command can selectively the
- the color locus correction command thus provides an adjustment of the spectrum.
- the drive circuit can then determine and output, for example by means of previously stored values (look-up table) or by means of an implemented function, the associated amplitude values for the color location correction command, which are then actuated in succession.
- the drive circuit may specify an operating mode (continuous vs. discrete) of the amplitude spread as a function of the color locus correction command.
- Alternative drive circuits and current sources according to the present invention are capable of providing a time varying and continuous operating current.
- current sources are included, which only partially generate a continuous operating current in certain time periods.
- the current flowing through the light-emitting diode or light-emitting diodes can furthermore be detected and regulated to a predetermined desired value. This setpoint can further be chosen such that the LEDs are operated in the highest possible efficiency.
- the transistors or switches 35, 35 ' are connected to the control terminals 38, 38' of the drive circuit 31.
- the operating current of the light emitting diode or the forward current is shaped such that it operates the light emitting diode 34 with different intensity.
- the fact is exploited that the color spectrum of a light-emitting diode depends on the current with which it is operated.
- the invention now proposes to operate the light emitting diode in succession with different intensities.
- the light emitting diode may be e.g. successively with 1, 5, 10 and 20 mA.
- FIG. 5 shows a concrete example of an operating current or forward current 50 for the light-emitting diode 34 generated by the current source 32.
- the operating current 50 successively receives the values ⁇ I2, ⁇ I1, Inom, ⁇ I1 and ⁇ I2 during a respective time t1, t2, t3, t4 and t5. In this embodiment, this results in an average current intensity of
- Im [(tl + t5). ⁇ I2 + (t2 + t4). ⁇ I1 + t3. Inom] / [t on + t off]
- the duty cycle of the operating current 50 can be changed.
- the time period t off can be reduced or increased, or even omitted.
- Fig. 6 shows the various spectra which can be achieved with the operating intensities Inom, ⁇ I1 and ⁇ I2. As the current intensity decreases, the spectrum produced by the light-emitting diode is shifted more and more to higher wavelengths.
- the change in intensity is preferably faster than the temporal resolving power of the human eye, so that the eye perceives only the time average of the emitted light. Accordingly, the frequency, is varied with the operating current 50, are above 100 Hz. Accordingly, the respective time duration t1, t2, t3, t4, t5 should be less than 1/100 s.
- the spectrum 60 detected by the eye is thus wider than the spectrum which is generated during operation with the nominal intensity Inom.
- Figs. 7 to 12 show alternative forms of the operating current and the forward current for the light-emitting diode according to further embodiments of the invention.
- the operating currents shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 are preferably periodic and preferably have a time t off during which the intensity is equal to zero.
- the operating currents 50, 70 of Figs. 5 and 7 may be different single values, i. different discrete values, record: 0, All, ⁇ I2 or Inom. It is important that the light emitting diode is operated at least with two different strictly positive intensities, such as ⁇ I1 and Inom. In this way, the spectrum of the emitted light can be disseminated.
- FIGS. 8 to 11 show operating currents 80, 90, 100, 110 according to the invention which have a continuous intensity.
- the intensity varies between zero and a maximum strictly positive value ⁇ I.
- the LED is operated by more than two different positive current intensities.
- Operating current or the LED current increases substantially triangular to a maximum value .DELTA.I and then drops back to zero, to rise immediately again.
- the mode of operation according to FIG. 10 ensures a high spread and thus a high color correction.
- the reason for this is that in this mode of operation, the maximum value of the current is twice the time average. At times, therefore, the LED may be operated at twice the nominal value specified by the LED manufacturer for continuous operation.
- the time t Off is nearly zero so that there is no area where no energy is transferred.
- the necessary detection of the reaching of the zero point and the switching times of the activation it can come to zero over a certain period of time t off , which is not intended.
- the operating current 110 shown in FIG. 11 similar to the operating current 100 has a slope phase of zero to a maximum value .DELTA.I during the period of time tr and a sinking phase of this maximum value .DELTA.I to zero in a time tf. In between, however, is the operating current 110 is kept constant at the maximum value ⁇ I during a period of time tnom.
- operating currents or forward currents 80 are conceivable which have a plurality of rise and / or fall phases in a period (t on + t off).
- the current is kept constant at ⁇ I1 between two rising phases trOl, tl2 during a time period t1. After the second rise phase tl2 the current remains during the
- Time t2 at the maximum value .DELTA.I2 and decreases linearly until
- the operating current or forward current 120 can also be selected such that an almost constant amplitude of the current is established. As a result, ⁇ I is reduced to a minimum. It is the LED 34 so operated with only a single-level current level. In this case, the LED 34 would operate at the nominal value specified by the LED manufacturer for continuous operation.
- a light-emitting diode 34 is operated with current in such a way that the spectrum of the light emitted by this light-emitting diode 34 can be broadened or has smaller valleys.
- the relative intensity of the spectrum can be increased compared to the maximum intensity.
- FIG. 13 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a circuit arrangement 130 for controlling the light-emitting diode 34 according to the invention.
- the circuit arrangement 130 comprises a switching regulator which is formed by the choke L 1, the capacitor C 1, the freewheeling diode D 1, the switch S 1 and the light-emitting diodes 34.
- the switching regulator is designed as a step down converter, but other topologies such as a boost converter, a flyback converter or a buck-boost converter are also applicable.
- a plurality of resistors are provided for monitoring the currents and voltages in the switching regulator and the light-emitting diodes 34 .
- the resistor Rs serves to monitor the current through the switch Sl during the duty cycle of the switch Sl.
- the two voltage dividers R3 / R4 and Rl / R2 are used to monitor the voltage across the LEDs 34.
- the LEDs 34 can also be connected in an alternative embodiment in series with the throttle Ll.
- the switch Sl of the switching regulator is driven by the drive circuit IC.
- the drive circuit IC can be fed externally and / or internally setpoints that specify the time-averaged desired current through the light emitting diodes. The drive circuit spreads this setpoint into at least two different values greater than zero, which are controlled one after the other, wherein the time average in turn corresponds to the predetermined setpoint.
- the drive circuit IC can be supplied as external setpoint a Farbortkorrekturbetation.
- This color locus correction command can selectively trigger the amplitude spread and possibly also specify the extent of the amplitude spread.
- the color locus correction command thus provides an adjustment of the spectrum.
- the circuit arrangement 130 is an advantageous embodiment in order to achieve as low-loss control of the light-emitting diodes 34 according to the invention.
- the circuit arrangement 130 When operating the LEDs 34 with a nearly constant amplitude, at least for a certain period of time period T, it can be achieved that the circuit arrangement 130 is operated in the so-called continuous conduction mode. In this case, the circuit arrangement 130 is controlled such that the current through the inductor Ll never drops to zero, but maintains a constant value on average.
- the inductor Ll in a first phase, the inductor Ll is magnetized by turning on the switch Sl. The current through the inductor Ll can be monitored in this phase by means of the resistor Rs. When a certain current value (upper limit) is reached, the switch Sl is opened. Now, the current due to the magnetization of the inductor Ll is driven by the freewheeling diode Dl and the LEDs 34.
- the current through the choke Ll slowly decreases. Due to the current flow through the freewheeling diode Dl and the LEDs 34 and the capacitor Cl is charged. The drop of the demagnetization and the current through the inductor Ll can be monitored by the two voltage dividers R3 / R4 and Rl / R2. When the current reaches a certain lower limit, the switch Sl is turned on again and the inductor Ll is magnetized again. While now the freewheeling diode Dl blocks the current flow, there is the discharge of the capacitor Cl via the light-emitting diodes 34. The operation of the circuit arrangement 130 takes place in the high-frequency range.
- the amplitude spread of the current through the LEDs 34 can be adjusted.
- the observer has an almost constant current.
- the respective current t1, t2, t3, t4 and t5 can be set successively to the value ⁇ I2, ⁇ I1, Inom, ⁇ I1 and ⁇ I2 by setting the two limit values.
- the circuit arrangement 130 can also be operated in the so-called borderline or critical mode. This operation results in an operating current 100 according to FIG. 10.
- the inductor L1 is magnetized starting from a complete demagnetization by closing the switch S1 until the maximum value .DELTA.I has been reached. Now, the switch Sl is opened and the throttle Ll demagnetized, resulting in a drop in the operating current.
- a measurement at the two voltage divider R3 / R4 and Rl / R2 or at least at the voltage divider Rl / R2, the time of reaching the zero point of the operating current can be determined.
- the switch S1 can be closed again and the inductor L1 can be magnetized again.
- the circuit arrangement 130 can also be operated in an operating mode according to FIG. 11, for example.
- the throttle Ll is magnetized starting from a complete demagnetization by closing the switch Sl until the maximum value .DELTA.I has been reached. Now, the switch Sl is opened and the throttle Ll demagnetized, but only until an internally set lower limit just below the maximum value .DELTA.I is reached. If this value has been reached, the switch Sl is turned on again. Now, the circuit 130 is operated in a so-called continuous conduction mode until the time period Tnom has elapsed.
- the switch S1 is permanently opened and the throttle Ll is demagnetized, which leads to a drop in the operating current.
- the switch Sl can be closed again and the throttle Ll be magnetized again.
- the switch Sl has two different switching frequencies, during the period Tnom it is driven at a higher clock frequency compared to the periods Tr, Tf and Toff.
- the operating mode of the circuitry 130 may be selected and adjusted.
- an operation in the so-called continuous conduction mode, in the so-called borderline or critical mode or a combination of both operating modes are selected.
- Fig. 2 shows the effect of the invention when driving a white light emitting diode with phosphor layer by means of a forward current of FIG. 5. Accordingly, the white light emitting diode is operated with different strictly positive current intensities, namely .DELTA.I1, .DELTA.I2 and Inom.
- the curves 11, 12, 13 denote the spectra of the white LEDs in an operation with the respective intensities Inom, ⁇ I2 and ⁇ I1. With decreasing intensity, the spectrum shifts to higher wavelengths.
- the white LED is operated in succession with the different intensities. Over a period (t on + t off) then results in a spectrum 14, which is wider overall than the respective spectra 11, 12, 13. Thus, the side valleys 16, 17 can be reduced. It is also important that the spectral valley 15 between the blue spectrum 8 and the converted yellow spectrum 9 could be significantly reduced.
Landscapes
- Led Devices (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007031038A DE102007031038A1 (de) | 2007-07-04 | 2007-07-04 | Schaltung zum Betrieb von Leuchtdioden (LEDs) |
| PCT/EP2008/005367 WO2009003680A1 (de) | 2007-07-04 | 2008-07-01 | SCHALTUNG ZUM BETRIEB VON LEUCHTDIODEN (LEDs) |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2163133A1 true EP2163133A1 (de) | 2010-03-17 |
| EP2163133B1 EP2163133B1 (de) | 2012-04-18 |
Family
ID=38606486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08773794A Not-in-force EP2163133B1 (de) | 2007-07-04 | 2008-07-01 | SCHALTUNG ZUM BETRIEB VON LEUCHTDIODEN (LEDs) |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8653739B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2163133B1 (de) |
| CN (2) | CN103260283B (de) |
| AT (2) | AT516515B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007031038A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009003680A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018024505A1 (de) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-08 | Osram Gmbh | Leuchtmodul mit mindestens einer halbleiterlichtquelle |
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2007
- 2007-07-04 DE DE102007031038A patent/DE102007031038A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
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- 2008-07-01 CN CN201310062044.2A patent/CN103260283B/zh active Active
- 2008-07-01 CN CN200880023011A patent/CN101720564A/zh active Pending
- 2008-07-01 AT ATA9209/2008A patent/AT516515B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-07-01 WO PCT/EP2008/005367 patent/WO2009003680A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-01 AT AT08773794T patent/ATE554635T1/de active
-
2009
- 2009-12-23 US US12/646,138 patent/US8653739B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018024505A1 (de) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-08 | Osram Gmbh | Leuchtmodul mit mindestens einer halbleiterlichtquelle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007031038A1 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
| CN103260283B (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
| CN101720564A (zh) | 2010-06-02 |
| US8653739B2 (en) | 2014-02-18 |
| US20100148683A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
| CN103260283A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
| AT516515A5 (de) | 2016-06-15 |
| EP2163133B1 (de) | 2012-04-18 |
| ATE554635T1 (de) | 2012-05-15 |
| WO2009003680A1 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
| AT516515B1 (de) | 2016-06-15 |
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