EP2158374A1

EP2158374A1 - Swing door comprising a self-closing hinge

Info

Publication number: EP2158374A1
Application number: EP08758002A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Wolfgang Melz
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-05-03
Filing date: 2008-04-30
Publication date: 2010-03-03
Also published as: DE102007020730A1; WO2008135023A1; DE112008001741A5

Abstract

The invention relates to a swing door consisting of a door leaf, which is fixed to a door frame by means of at least one self-closing hinge having a pivoting axis and which can be pivoted horizontally. The hinge has an eccentric head that extends horizontally from either the frame or the door panel beyond the pivoting axis, the distance between the eccentric surface of the eccentric head and the pivoting axis on the closed door leaf plane being smaller than on all other planes. At least one push rod can be pressed onto the eccentric head by a spring and a roller element is rotatably mounted on said push rod, said roller element rolling on the eccentric surface of the eccentric head.

Description

Swing door with self-closing hinge

The invention relates to a swing door, consisting of a door leaf which is secured via at least one self-closing hinge with a pivot axis to a door frame and horizontally pivotable, which has an Excenterkopf, starting either from the frame or from the door panel horizontally to about the pivot axis extends, wherein the distance between the eccentric surface of the Excenterkopfes and the pivot axis in the plane of the closed door leaf is smaller than in all other planes and on the Excenterkopf at least one push rod is pressed by a spring and on the push rod a rolling element is rotatably mounted ,

Doors are moveable panels that can reversibly close the openings for entering and leaving rooms. The door should close the opening in the closed state as well and comprehensively, so at least against drafts, if possible even seal against sound waves, be easy to operate when opening and reduce the speed of the continuous person as little as possible and require only a simple movement when closing and avoid the hassle of highly accurate positioning.

A good part of these demands is fulfilled by the most widespread door form, the so-called stop-door. It consists of a plate, the so-called door leaf, which is pivotally mounted on a horizontal edge, wherein the hinges are usually attached to a frame in the opening of the wall. This door frame, also called door lining, forms an opening to the passage of the persons, which is a little smaller than the door leaf, why it at the Close against the frame beats. An advantage of this arrangement is that the bearing surface of the door leaf acts as a seal on the door frame, which can additionally be further sealed by flexible sealing profiles. Another advantage is that the closing door does not have to be carefully positioned, but only to be pressed against the stop.

If the locking mechanism automatically provides locking in this position, it is also possible to close the door by manually opening the door panel in an open position

Pivoting movement is offset in the direction of the door frame. Due to the self-moment of inertia of the door leaf with respect to the pivot axis, the kinetic energy applied in accelerating the door is stored in the door leaf and moves the door leaf without further, manual support until it touches the stop and is held there by the locking device. As the door leaf suddenly strikes the door frame with three out of four edges and is decelerated with a long delay, a loud noise is created, which is amplified by vibrations in the door leaf. Therefore, this type of closing a stopper is colloquially referred to as "slamming" of the door.

This loud noise, however, is a major disadvantage of the door. Although it can be mitigated by circumferential rubber seals, which act as shock absorbers, but in principle never completely eliminated. Another, very serious disadvantage is that a stop door corresponds only in one direction of movement with its pivoting movement of the direction of the continuous person. In the other direction of movement, to open the door it is necessary for the person to approach the door first, grab it and then one Step back or at least step aside to open the door. Another drawback is that, after passing through, the person either has to turn around and has to pull the door towards him or behind his own back, without the possibility of visually controlling the movement to grab the doorknob and close the door.

Both types of closing movement inhibit the speed of the person passing through, thereby sacrificing time. Furthermore, they require coordinated closing movements that are cumbersome. Therefore, there are various proposals on the current state of the art to allow instead of a stopper door movement of the door on both sides of the wall. These so-called swing doors require special hinges.

A very simple hinge describes US 5,076,017, Jacobs 1990. The distance between the pivot axis of the door frame is so large that the door leaf can be pivoted on both sides of the wall by at least 90 °. At the opposite edge of the door leaf provides a flexible seal on the door leaf for the

Closing the gap between the door leaf and the door frame.

For mechanical fixation of the door leaf in the closed position Jacobs proposed a vertical rod which presses a locking wedge in the top of the door lining. Around

To reach position, the door must be brought with high accuracy by the user in the closed position. This closing process requires comparatively much time and concentration and is therefore to qualify as very slow and uncomfortable compared to slamming a stopper. DE 93 204 69 attempts to compensate for this disadvantage by means of a self-closing swing door fitting. For this purpose, a radially aligned bolt is pivotally mounted on the door hinge and slidably mounted on the bolt in the radial direction, wherein a spring always pulls the door leaf to the door hinge. Since the distance of the door leaf from the pivoting axis is the smallest in the closed state of the door and becomes larger as the opening angle increases, a restoring force is created when the door is opened, which moves the door back into its closed position.

A very decisive disadvantage of this arrangement, however, is that the weight of the door leaf exerts a radial force on a pendulum door hinge of this design, which is arranged at a relatively high level and which restores the restoring force of the spring when the spring is too weak

Spring in any case reduced by superposition and eliminated in extreme cases. If the spring is designed to be even smaller, the door leaf will move away from the top door hinge and rest on the floor of the doorway with the hinge edge away, either blocking it or tedious by the operator

Hand is raised so it can still be moved.

A similar effect occurs when the angular velocity of the door leaf becomes so high that the centrifugal force, together with the inherent weight of the door, exceeds the maximum tensile force of the spring in the door hinge. Also in this case, the door sits with its lower edge on the floor and is thereby slowed down.

According to the current state of the art, a self-closing pendulum door fitting is known and prevalent, in which two, each spring-return hinges functionally in series between the door frame and door leaf are arranged, wherein between the two self-resetting hinges, a small intermediate plate is arranged, which is aligned transversely to the surface of the door leaf. As a result, the door leaf can swing out on both sides and is pulled back into the closed position by one of the two joints and the spring arranged therein. A major disadvantage, however, is that at too high angular velocity of the door leaf and / or comparatively weak dimensioning of the return springs, the centrifugal force pushes the door leaf away from the hinge to the edge of the pivoting circle, causing the swing door hinge on its two, functionally connected in series hinges in the shape of a Z is pulled apart, so that increases the circle of the door leaf. This can lead to the door leaf resting on the floor with the lower edge and / or abutting against the door frame when the closed position is reached with the edge remote from the hinge.

Against this background, the invention has the object to develop a swing door hinge that allows movement of the door on both sides of the closed position, while the door is ever movable on a fixed radius and automatically moved from the open position to the closed position and fixed there with a certain locking force. As a solution, the invention provides a self-closing hinge, which contains an eccentric head as well as a push rod with a rolling element and is characterized in that the rolling element on the eccentric surface of the Excenterkopfes is unrolled.

This self-closing hinge is connected via a pivot axis with the door frame and either fixed there or - if the

Door frame is only very weak or if it is only as an edge of the Door opening formed in the wall - fixed directly in the wall.

The functional heart of the self-closing hinge according to the invention is the eccentric head and the tip of the push rod rolling over it on the rolling element. It is essential that the surface of the Excenters in the closed state of the door has the smallest distance to the pivot axis. As a result, in this position, the tip of the push rod with the rolling element closest to the pivot axis. As soon as the door leaf moves out of the closed position, the eccentric head also moves with respect to the push rod. Since the distance between the rolling element and the swiveling axis also increases as the pivoting angle of the door leaf increases, the push rod is pushed away from the swiveling axis, as a result of which the pressure of the spring on the swiveling axis

Push rod continues to rise.

This increase in force causes via the deflection of the roller on the eccentric surface a radially acting restoring force on the door leaf. When the door is opened, the restoring force in the

Dimensions of how the distance of the eccentric surface of the pivot axis increases. If this distance, starting from the closed position continues to increase, arises in each position of the door leaf outside the closed state, a restoring force, which returns the door leaf back into the closed position.

Due to the shape of the curve of the eccentric surface, the restoring behavior is to be influenced. It is conceivable z. B. that in the vicinity of the maximum opening angle of the distance of the eccentric surface to the pivot axis increases much more than in the other pass. As a result, the force to open the door increases, so that in the vicinity of the stop the movement is braked in good time and the impact is reduced to the stop.

As an alternative design form for the eccentric is also conceivable that the door pivots in the vicinity of the closed position automatically in the closed position, but automatically moves after exceeding a certain minimum opening angle further in the opening direction and pulls the door leaf with spring force in the maximum opening angle. In this design variant of the self-closing hinge according to the invention, the door remains in the open position and must be pushed closed by applying a force to close over a larger pivoting range.

It belongs to the characteristic of the self-closing hinge according to the invention, which has the eccentric an indentation, in which the rolling element engages with the swing door closed, whereby the closed position is held with high accuracy.

During the closing movement, therefore, the restoring force will increase noticeably shortly before reaching the closing position, because the rolling element rolls over the edge of the notch and then falls into the depth of the notch. The deeper this notch is shaped, the greater the final increase in restoring force. However, this highly desirable when closing, additional restoring effect is usefully limited by the fact that the force should not be too large for the opening of the door and thus for moving out of the rolling element from the notch. The return force, which is highly appreciated when closing, interferes with opening. As a variant of a swing door according to the invention, it makes sense that the push rod is integrated into the self-closing hinge. As a result, at least one half of the self-closing hinge becomes a slightly larger component, which assumes the function of a housing for the pivot axis and the pressure rod.

Regardless of whether the push rod is integrated in the self-closing hinge or as a separate module is attached to it, several variants are useful for the push rod. One embodiment is a horizontally movable bolt. On this pin acts a spring, z. B. arranged around the bolt around coil spring. Also for the execution of the pivot axis and their attachment several variants are conceivable. Thus, the pivot axis and the Excenterkopf z. B. be mounted on a frame plate on the door frame. To this variant fits that the push rod is attached to the door leaf. It is a particularly interesting variant to make the self-hinge hinge so compact that it can be inserted from the side edge into a slot of the door leaf.

It is a particular merit of the invention to arrange the parts necessary for moving the self-closing hinge from their principle so that all elements in the plane of the door leaf can be arranged side by side so that the self-closing hinge can be made very narrow perpendicular to the plane of the door leaf. It is conceivable and useful that z. B. the eccentric head as a relatively wide in relation to the door panel construction element in its dimensions is reduced by the fact that he

Metal or even hardened metal is made, but still Over a long period of time allows the same movement function, since the abrasion and thus a deformation of the eccentric surface is limited by the curing.

In an inventive self-closing hinge either the Excenterkopf and the pivot axis can be connected to the door leaf, so that the push rod is arranged on the door frame. This variant is particularly interesting when the push rod is designed as a rocker arm or if the spring function is integrated into the arranged as a rocker push rod, so that the push rod is comparable to a leaf spring in the automotive technology, the leading as well as resilient Features. This configuration is advantageous to combine with glass doors, as the eccentric head and pivot axis can be made very compact and not very far protrude into the glass door leaf.

Alternatively, the Excenterkopf and the pivot axis is mounted on the door frame. It is advantageous that these components can be configured so that they require no recess in the door frame, but can be placed on the outer surface. In this variant, the push rod is usefully formatted as a horizontally moved bolt, which is arranged in the interior of a door leaf, since door panels according to the current state of the art i. d. R. are built in three layers, each with a very hard, but thin

Cover layer to the outside and a very soft, often made of corrugated cardboard or other, very light material built filler layer in the middle. There is also a large installation depth available for the push rod. For improved parallelism between the eccentric head and the rolling element is an embodiment with two parallel out Push rods useful. It is preferable that the push rods are arranged in a plane which is aligned parallel to the closed door leaf, because thereby the increased volume of the double push rods outwardly not visible in the soft intermediate layer of the door leaf is housed and through a slot from the side Edge can be pushed there.

The push rod can - as already mentioned - alternatively be designed as a rocker arm, which is pivotally mounted in its center and carries at one end of the rolling element and rests on a spring at the other end. As already noted, in an alternative embodiment, the function of the spring can also be integrated into the push rod. Similar to the function of a leaf spring in trucks then takes the push rod both the resilient function and the leading function for the rolling element on the eccentric surface.

The spring for the push rod can be formed in another embodiment as a spiral spring or as a helical spring made of cylindrically wound steel wire. The combination with both mentioned embodiments of the push rod - bolt or rocker arm - is possible, preferably the bolt-like embodiment of the push rod is combined with a coil spring, the z. B. can be arranged around the bolt-shaped push rod around.

A coil spring can, for. B. attack on the axis of rotation of a rocker arm mounted pressure rod.

As a further alternative, the spring can also be made of superimposed disc springs or designed as an air spring. To suspend the door leaf at least two articulated connections are required, namely the self-closing hinges according to the invention. These hinges consist of a standing part, which is attached to the door frame and a walking part, which is attached to the door leaf. Both parts are connected to each other via a pivot axis, which not only constructively represents the pivot axis, but also forms the mechanical connection.

In a simple embodiment, the pivot axis is designed as a bolt which is movable in a sleeve complementary thereto. To reduce the operating force required to operate the door, it makes sense to reduce the frictional forces. One measure in this sense is the bearing of the bolt in a plain bearing. A further reduction of frictional forces allows storage on balls or

Roll.

Since the distance of the center of gravity of the door leaf from the pivot axes is relatively large, acting on the pivot axes not about a primarily orthogonally oriented force, but an inclined force vector. This obliquely directed force with respect to the door frame is best absorbed by a beveled bearing, which may have either rollers or cylinders. The advantages of such, very low-friction storage are a significant reduction in the actuating forces for opening the door and, consequently, a significant reduction in the counteracting restoring force. However, the more these forces are reduced, the more obvious becomes the need for a braking device when it reaches the closed position and the two open positions of the door Similar to the method z. As a vehicle from one to another point, the pivoting movement of a door leaf is divided into the three phases accelerate, procedures with approximately uniform speed and delay until it stops. For the deceleration of vehicles friction brakes are the current

State of the art. These brakes are activated only during the deceleration and rotate during the other phases at idle.

In principle, it would also be possible to let the brakes continuously act, then they do not need to be specially trained, but are z. B. realized by a friction with high storage. The disadvantage, however, is that for accelerating and the method with constant speed at this time actually unwanted braking force by the drive is also still compensate. This variant is the usual state of the art for door hinges.

To avoid this disadvantage is proposed in a variant of the self-closing hinge according to the invention that a friction plate is arranged horizontally on the door leaf, which is pivotable on pivoting of the door leaf via a frame-mounted, circular sector-shaped brake plate and only touches the brake plate, if indeed should be braked. This braking function is most welcome when the

Swing door panel into closed position. In the case of a stop door, this function is taken over by the door stop, which, however, in principle does not apply to a swing door. Therefore, it makes sense to activate the brake function in the area of the doorplate closing position. In addition, the brake function can be activated shortly before reaching the two stops. As is generally known from experience with the braking of vehicles, the braking force is ideally not constant, but proportional to the movement speed, ie very high at high speeds and very low at low speeds shortly before reaching the target point. Such a speed-dependent brake element is known as a shock absorber for general pivoting movements on the current state of the art. There are numerous variants of shock absorbers for linear movements with limited stroke.

Since the bolt-like design of the push rod in a self-closing hinge according to the invention is a linearly moving element, it is preferable if a shock absorber is arranged parallel or concentric to at least one push rod. This shock absorber may e.g. be designed as a friction shock absorber or as a pneumatic or hydraulic shock absorber. Such an effect is in practice approximated by the fact that the push rod is guided with a certain friction. The disadvantage, however, is that the friction is mainly determined by the manufacturing tolerances and unevenness of the material surface and is therefore not tuned to the movement.

A further refined embodiment is therefore that the friction in those angular ranges in which the door is to be pivoted at a constant speed, is very low and is activated only where it is actually needed by the kinematics, ie when reaching the closed position and / or approaching one of the two stops. For this purpose, a ring-shaped friction element can be arranged on a bolt-shaped push rod, which contacts a complementary brake element only in the areas of the closed position and / or the stops, but otherwise floats freely. The brake elements are conceivable as a ring around the bolt. As a further refinement, it is conceivable that these brake rings from the outside are adjustable and adjustable, for example by a set screw.

From this, a further, very comfortable embodiment variant of the invention is derived, in which the braking effect can be activated and deactivated by the user. It is conceivable z. B. that the swing door receives a door handle, as is known from normal stop doors. Since most people reflexively press down such a door handle when opening the door and let it come up again when closing the door, it is natural to release the brake by depressing the door handle and reactivate it with the release of the latch. The transmission of this movement to a correspondingly equipped, inventive self-closing hinge can be made via tie rods, push rods, chains, oil lines, pneumatic or electrical connections.

Another very interesting alternative is to deactivate the intended locking points on request and temporarily. For this purpose, the invention proposes that in at least one notch on the eccentric an eccentric smoothing profile can be inserted and fixed. This eccentric straightening profile closes the notch and causes the rolling element to roll over it. This deactivates the locking function. In this case, the Exenterglättungsprofil be secured by screwing and / or snapping and / or plugging in a notch. In the following, further details and features of the invention will be explained in more detail by way of examples. However, these are not intended to limit the invention, but only to explain. It shows in a schematic representation:

Figure 1 horizontal section through a self-closing hinge in the closed position of the door panel

Figure 2 Horizontal section through a self-closing hinge as Figure 1, but with the door open position

FIG. 3 Partial vertical section through the housing of a self-closing hinge from FIGS. 1 and 2

The figures show in detail:

In FIG. 1, the horizontal section is drawn through a self-closing hinge 1, specifically in the closed position of the door leaf 2, of which only a short section is shown here in the region of the hinges. The door leaf 2 pivots about the pivot axis 12, which is fixed in this embodiment on the Exenterkopf 14 and the frame plate 13 on the door frame 3.

In Figure 1, the basic functionality of the self-closing hinge is traceable, namely the pivoting of the door panel 2 to the

Pivot axis 12, wherein the door leaf is pivotable in the perspective of Figure 1 both downwards and upwards, which corresponds to the opening of the swing door on both sides of the door frame. In Figure 1, the core idea of the invention, namely the interaction of the push rod and eccentric well recognizable: The push rod 15, designed here as a cylindrical bolt is mounted horizontally displaceable in the middle of the door plate and is pressed by the spring 151 to the eccentric head 14 , In this case, between the push rod 15 and the eccentric surface 151 is still the rolling element 152, whose axis of rotation is oriented perpendicular to the viewer in Figure 1. As a result, the friction between the push rod 15 and the eccentric surface 141 is significantly reduced when the door leaf 2 is pivoted.

In Figure 1, the operation of the Excenterkopfes 14 is clear as follows: In the illustrated position of the door leaf 2, namely the closed position, the distance between the tread 152 and the pivot axis 12 is the smallest. When the door is opened from this position, the rolling element 152 rolls on the eccentric surface 141, whereby the distance between the rolling element 152 and the pivot axis 12 increases. As a result, the push rod 15 is pressed against the force of the spring 151 on into the housing 11 of the self-closing hinge. Because of the Verschwenkwinkel away the

Distance of the eccentric surface to the pivot axis increases steadily, arises from the pressure force of the spring 151 a force acting transversely to the push rod, which presses the door panel 2 in that position in which the distance of the rolling element to the pivot axis is smallest.

As an additional option, two further notches 142 on the eccentric head 14 are shown in FIG. FIG. 1 shows very clearly how the rolling element 152 initially assumes an ever increasing distance from the pivot axis 12 as the opening angle of the door increases, until after a pivoting movement angle of about 85 degrees reaches the notch 142, within which the distance to the pivot axis 12 is again smaller, so that the rolling element is pressed by the force of the spring 151 in this notch 142. This creates a force that is oriented transversely to the push rod 15 and the door leaf 2 can engage in the open position.

In Figure 2, the door panel 2 is shown in the open position. In this case, the rolling element 152 is engaged in the above-mentioned notch 142 on the Exenterfläche 141. In comparison of Figure 2 with FIG

1 it can be seen that the rolling element 152 has been pushed deeper into the pocket of the housing 11 in the open position according to FIG. 2 against the force of the spring. The spring 151 is thus compressed more strongly in this position.

In the open position of the door leaf 2, the notch 142 in the center of the Excenterkopfes 14, which is intended for the latching of the door panel 2 in the closed position, free.

The third notch 142 is closed in Figure 2 - as an additional variant - with an eccentric smoothing profile 4. It can be seen in FIG. 2 that this eccentric smoothing profile ensures that the distance between the eccentric surface 141 and the pivot axis 12 increases even when the door is open. As a result, the outer smoothing profile 4 ensures that the door leaf 2 does not latch into the open position, but is held in this position only by a force of the user. When this force is eliminated, the door leaf 2 pivots back into its closed position. At this time, it is driven by the energy stored in the compressed spring 151. The embodiment variant of a self-closing hinge according to the invention shown in FIGS. 2 and 1 contains a housing 11, into which blind holes are inserted, which receive the spring 151 and the push rod 15. These blind holes are shown in Figure 2 and 1 cut lengthwise and therefore recognizable as a rectangle.

For the arrangement of two push rods 15 and springs 151, FIG. 3 shows a variant embodiment with a housing 11 which is partially cut open in the middle in the illustration of FIG. The

Section axis is entered in Figure 1 and Figure 2 and corresponds to the median plane of the door panel.

FIG. 3 shows a variant embodiment with two push rods 15, which are arranged parallel to one another. One spring each

151 pushes a push rod 15 on the pivot axis 12 and thereby also moves the rolling element 152 to the pivot axis 12 zoom. The - not shown in Figure 3 - Excenterkopf 14 is disposed between rolling element 152 and pivot axis 12. He would be perceived only as a rectangle from this line of sight.

The embodiment shown in Figure 3 of the housing 11 carries on the, the rolling element opposite side depending on an L-shaped protruding fastening tab, each with two holes. With these fastening tabs, the self-closing hinge is embedded in a complementary recess of the door panel and bolted. For the middle part of the housing 11 while a very deep pocket in the door is required, which - as mentioned - usually only protrudes into the soft filling material of the door interior. In Figure 3, the cylindrical pivot axis 12 can be seen, which is fixed in this embodiment in the two legs of the U-shaped housing 11.

In Figure 3, as a further, additional equipment variant on the right edge of the housing 11 above and below each recognize a bore which is provided with an internal thread. About one screw, which engages in this internal thread, the housing 11 is precisely adjusted in the slot in the door panel 2, if the case has a corresponding match therein. Thereby, the predetermined by the self-closing hinge 1, closed position of the door panel 2 is also adhered to the hinge-distal edge of the door panel with the required accuracy.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 self-closing hinge

11 Housing of the self-closing hinge 1 12 Pivot axis of the self-closing hinge 1

13 frame plate of the self-closing hinge 1, attached to the door frame 3

14 Excenterkopf in the housing 11 or on the frame plate 13 141 Excenterf laugh the Excenterkopfes 14 142 notches on Excenterfläche 141

15 push rod, carries rolling element 152

151 spring, pushes on push rod 15

152 rolling element, at the end of the push rod 15 door leaf, with self-closing hinge 1 on the door frame 3 fixed door frame Excenter smoothing profile, for smoothing a notch 142

Claims

1. swing door consisting of a door leaf 2, which is attached via at least one self-closing hinge 1 with a pivot axis 12 to a door frame 3 and horizontally pivotable, which has an Excenterkopf 14, the

- Either extending from the frame or from the door panel horizontally extending beyond the pivot axis 12 also, wherein - the distance between the eccentric surface (141 of the Excenterkopfes and the pivot axis 12 in the plane of the closed door leaf 2 is smaller than in all other levels and

- On the Excenterkopf 14 at least one push rod 15 is pressed by a spring 151 and - on the push rod 15, a rolling element 152 is rotatably mounted, characterized in that the rolling element 152 on the eccentric surface 141 of the Excenterkopfes 14 is unrolled.

2. Swing door according to the preceding claim 1, characterized in that in the eccentric surface 141, a notch 142 is introduced, which is formed complementary to the rolling element 152, and in which the rolling element 152 is latched with the swing door closed.

3. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the eccentric surface 141 at least one further notch 142 is present, into which the rolling element 152 can be latched with the swing door open.

4. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the self-closing hinge 1, the push rod 15 is integrated.

5. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the push rod 15 is a horizontally movable bolt.

6. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the self-closing hinge 1 is installed in a housing 11.

7. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pivot axis 12 is fixed on a frame plate 13 on the door frame 3.

8. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the self-closing hinge 1 is mounted within the door panel 2.

9. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Selbstschließschamier 1 is arranged in the door frame 3 and the Excenterkopf 14 and the pivot axis 12 is connected to the door panel 2.

10. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two parallel pressure rods 15 are provided.

11. swing door according to the preceding claim 9, characterized in that the push rods 15 are arranged in a plane which is aligned parallel to the closed door leaf 2.

12. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the push rod 15 is designed as a rocker arm, which is pivotally mounted in its center and at one end carries the rolling element 152 and rests on the spring 151 at the other end.

13. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the function of the spring 151 is integrated into the push rod 15.

14. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring 151 is a coil spring.

15. Swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring 151 is formed as a helical spring made of cylindrically wound steel wire.

16. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring 151 consists of superimposed Tellerfedem.

17. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring 151 is designed as an air spring.

18. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pivot axis 12 consists of a bolt which is movable in a complementary sleeve.

19. swing door according to the preceding claim 18, characterized in that the bolt is movable in a sliding bearing.

20. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pivot axis 12 consists of a bolt which is mounted on balls or rollers.

21 swing door according to the preceding claim 20, characterized in that the bearing is designed as a diagonal shoulder bearing.

22 swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the door panel 2, a friction plate is arranged horizontally, which is pivotable on pivoting of the door leaf 2 via a fixed to the frame, circular sector-shaped brake plate and this touches only when the door leaf 2 is closed.

23. swing door according to the preceding claim 22, characterized in that the contact pressure of the brake plate on the

Grater plate is adjustable and adjustable.

24. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake plate touches the friction plate even in at least one open position of the swing door.

25. swing door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that parallel or concentric with a

Push rod 15 a shock absorber is arranged.

26 swing door according to the preceding claim 25, characterized in that the shock absorber is a friction shock absorber or a pneumatic or hydraulic acting shock absorber.

27. swing door according to the preceding claim 2 or 3, characterized in that in at least one notch 142, an eccentric smoothing profile 4 can be inserted and fixed.

28. swing door according to the preceding claim 27, characterized in that the eccentric smoothing profile 4 by screwing and / or snapping and / or insertion in a notch 142 can be fastened.