EP2144033A2 - Fuse for a projectile - Google Patents

Fuse for a projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2144033A2
EP2144033A2 EP09008658A EP09008658A EP2144033A2 EP 2144033 A2 EP2144033 A2 EP 2144033A2 EP 09008658 A EP09008658 A EP 09008658A EP 09008658 A EP09008658 A EP 09008658A EP 2144033 A2 EP2144033 A2 EP 2144033A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detonator
charge
delay
igniter
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09008658A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2144033B1 (en
EP2144033A3 (en
Inventor
Markus Kopf
Frank Martin Kienzler
Gerd Giesler
Herbert Höni
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Junghans Microtec GmbH
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Junghans Microtec GmbH
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Priority to PL09008658T priority Critical patent/PL2144033T3/en
Publication of EP2144033A2 publication Critical patent/EP2144033A2/en
Publication of EP2144033A3 publication Critical patent/EP2144033A3/en
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Publication of EP2144033B1 publication Critical patent/EP2144033B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/10—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/142—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes combined time and percussion fuzes in which the timing is caused by combustion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a detonator for a projectile with an igniter assembly for igniting a main charge of the projectile and a delay detonator for igniting the igniter assembly after a set by a burnup distance of a delay charge delay time, the delay detonator a housing with a detonator in which it is ignited, and a detonator half including a detonator charge for igniting the igniter assembly.
  • Igniter for Artelleriegeuntere, Mttlergranaten or direct projectiles are usually provided with a Zündan onion with a detonator chain through which a main charge of the projectile is ignited.
  • the ignition assembly comprises an ignition charge which is ignited electronically or mechanically at a certain time or in a particular situation of the igniter and which gives its ignition energy directly to the main charge or, for example, to an amplifier charge of the ignition chain, which in turn ignites the main charge.
  • the projectile In case of failure of such a mechanical or electronic triggering of the ignition charge, the projectile is a dud after landing, which represents a significant source of danger for a very long period of time.
  • a dud may arise, for example, when a bullet with a percussion fuse in deep snow or a snowdrift lands and the impact igniter does not ignite or the bullet so flat on the ground that it slips over the ground and comes to a halt only slowly.
  • the detonator In order to ensure ignition even in such a non-regular situation, it is known to provide the detonator with a delay detonator, which is ignited by, for example, the launching of the projectile and the one after a preset Delay time of a few seconds ignites the igniter assembly, if it has not already been ignited regularly by a time fuse or impact fuse or the like.
  • a delay detonator usually comprises a delay charge which is ignited, for example, during firing, and which burns for a predetermined delay time, similar to a detonating cord, in order to transfer ignition energy to a detonator for igniting the firing arrangement after this delay time has elapsed.
  • an igniter of the type mentioned in which the housing according to the invention in the ignition half has a discharge opening with a free flowing in the igniting state of the delay detonator opening cross-section.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the delay time can be set very precisely with a delay charge.
  • the burning of a delay charge is very robust against mechanical stresses, so that the ignition of the igniter assembly can take place by the delay detonator even if the fuze has been exposed to high loads in the meantime, as they can occur at launch and an impact. Due to the high mechanical load during firing of the projectile, however, it may happen that the homogeneous structure of the fuel of the deceleration charge is somewhat disturbed.
  • the discharge opening allows in the igniting state of the delay detonator a free passage of gas from a charge of the delay detonator in its environment. It is provided in the igniting state of the delay detonator with a freely continuous opening cross-section, which is at least 1 mm 2 in size. As a result, enough gas can escape through the discharge opening to reduce pressure peaks. A pressure relief in the ignition half is the more necessary the greater the pressure peaks occurring during ignition. In order to be able to reduce even large pressure peaks, which can occur under high mechanical loads or inhomogeneities in charges, the discharge opening expediently comprises a freely continuous in the igniting state of the delay detonator opening cross-section of at least 5 mm 2 .
  • the housing of the delay detonator expediently encloses all charges of the delay detonator, such as, for example, a sticking charge, a transition charge between the sticking charge and a delay charge, optionally a further transition charge and a detonator charge. Since the pressure peaks form primarily during ignition of the delay detonator, the discharge opening is arranged in the ignition half of the housing, that is in the half in which the delay detonator is ignited, for example by a tapping needle, which is pressed into an ignition charge.
  • this is passed through the housing for igniting the delay detonator, which may have a tapping opening for this purpose.
  • This puncture opening is so far blocked in the igniting state of the delay detonator, ie in the state in which the firing needle dips into an ignition charge and ignites it, so that it can not serve as a discharge opening.
  • a small slot between the firing pin and the housing is sufficient as a discharge opening only if it has a passage of at least 1 mm 2 , which also may not be covered by an element of the firing needle, such as a lid or stop.
  • the discharge opening opens directly to a puncture charge of the delay detonator. Pressure peaks that occur when igniting the puncture charge, this can be particularly well derived. Also possible is the location of the vent opening at a transfer charge between a sticking charge and a delay charge to reduce pressure spikes that may result from charge to charge transfer. An arrangement of the discharge opening both at the piercing charge and at the transfer charge is advantageous.
  • the delay detonator is expediently elongate, so that its length in a burn-up direction is longer, in particular more than twice as long, as its extension in the other two spatial directions.
  • the burn-up direction of the delay detonator that is to say the direction advantageously transversely to a direction of flight of the projectile, expediently lies at an angle between 70 and 110 degrees to the direction of flight of the projectile, in particular perpendicular to the direction of flight of the projectile.
  • the burn-up direction is the direction in which a delay charge of the delay detonator burns off, for example from a sticking charge to the detonator charge.
  • the tapping opening and the discharge opening are designed as two separate openings in the housing.
  • the processes of piercing and pressure relief can be separated and the openings can be optimized for a reliable ignition of the delay detonator or on a good pressure relief.
  • the relief opening it is possible for the relief opening to simultaneously form the piercing opening, through which a puncturing needle for igniting the delay detonator can be passed.
  • a puncture of the delay detonator is advantageously done when shooting the projectile and using the launch acceleration.
  • a particularly simple construction of the igniter can be achieved if a puncture direction of the puncture needle through the puncture opening is opposite to the direction of flight of the projectile. Due to the antiparallelity of the piercing direction and the direction of flight of the projectile, the inertia of the piercing needle can be used for accelerating and piercing the retardation detonator without the need for other means of propulsion.
  • Blowing hot combustion gases through the delay detonator in the presence of a pressure spike can only take place if a corresponding backpressure against the burnup direction is present in the retardation detonator.
  • the generation of such a counterpressure can be counteracted particularly effectively if the relief opening is arranged in relation to a puncture opening in the housing counter to a burnup direction of a delay charge. Accelerated, hot gases can leave the deceleration detonator without diverting, resulting in particularly effective pressure reduction.
  • the discharge opening is arranged opposite a detonator opening of the housing.
  • a pressure relief against the burning direction can be particularly easily realized.
  • the discharge opening may in this case be introduced at a rear side of the housing, which is arranged in particular parallel to the front side.
  • Rear and front can be defined here by the ignition half, which is the rear half and the detonator half, which is the front half.
  • the delay detonator is provided for accelerating a sharply set ignition charge of the ignition arrangement against a puncture needle.
  • the igniter assembly can be ignited and the main charge thereby detonated.
  • the invention is applicable to a detonator which is an impact fuze.
  • the ignition energy necessary for igniting the ignition arrangement can be made available by the delay detonator, for example by accelerating the ignition charge of the ignition arrangement against the puncturing needle.
  • FIG. 1 shows an igniter 2 of a projectile not shown, for example, a mortar shell, a Artelleriegeunteres or a direct projectile in a partially cut and greatly simplified representation.
  • the fuze 2 is an impact fuze and is screwed via a thread 4 in a projectile body, whereby the bullet is made.
  • the igniter 2 comprises an igniter housing 6 with a bottom 8, on which elements of the igniter 2 are fixed, such as a delay detonator 10 and, in addition, a double-bolt system 12, of which only a part is indicated schematically for the sake of clarity.
  • a rotor 14 which is rotatable about a pin 16, and two puncture needles 18, 20 for igniting a priming charge 22 in the rotor 14 or a piercing charge 24 (see FIG. 2 ) in the delay detonator 10, whose attachment in the igniter housing 6 is likewise not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • FIG. 2 shows the delay detonator 10 in a cutaway view.
  • a housing 26 the piercing charge 24, a transfer charge 28, a delay charge 30, a further transfer charge 32 and a detonator charge 34 are arranged from front to back.
  • the housing 26 In the area of the puncture charge 24, the housing 26 is provided with a puncture opening 36, through which the puncture needle 20 can be introduced into the puncture charge 24.
  • the housing 26 On the rear side 38 of the housing 26 and also in the region of the piercing charge 24, the housing 26 is provided with a discharge opening 40.
  • the housing 26 On the opposite front side 42, the housing 26 is designed to be open, so that a large detonation opening 44 is formed.
  • the delay detonator 10 is a good 20 mm long and the diameter of the discharge opening is about 3.5 mm.
  • the fuze 2 When the projectile is fired, the fuze 2 is accelerated very strongly in the direction of flight 46. As a result, an indicated pin 48 of the double pin system 12 is pressed downwards, ie in the direction of the projectile body and with him an unillustrated second pin of the double pin system 12. As a result, the rotor 14 is unlocked, which is rotated by a corresponding mechanism to the bolt 16, so the primer 22 is moved under the puncture needle 12 according to the arrow 50. Upon impact of the projectile on a target of the fuze 2 is accelerated very strongly against the direction of flight 46, so that the rotor 14 is moved relative to the igniter housing 6 upwards, ie in the direction of flight 46, as indicated by an arrow 52 is.
  • the tapping needle 18 rests fixed in the igniter housing 6, so that the primer 22 is pressed against the tapping needle 18 and ignited.
  • ignition charge 22 ignition energy is transmitted through the bottom 8 through a main charge, not shown, of the projectile and this is ignited.
  • the primer 22, the rotor 14 and the piercing needle 18 are part of a firing assembly 54, which may optionally include one or two more charges a firing chain.
  • the decelerating acceleration of the igniter 2 may be too low to push the rotor 14 in the direction of flight 44 upwards and the squib 22 against the firing pin 18.
  • the projectile comes to rest without the main charge detonating, becoming a dud.
  • the igniter 2 is provided with the delay detonator 10, which is ignited when the projectile is launched.
  • the puncture needle 20 When firing the projectile, the puncture needle 20, which is movably mounted in the igniter housing 6, accelerated by its inertia relative to the igniter housing 6 in Anstichcardi 56, ie against the flight direction 46, the delay detonator 10, so that they are with their tip through the opening 36th moved in the housing 26 in the Anstichladung 24 inside.
  • a brim-shaped stop 58 of the tapping needle 20 their movement is stopped in the Anstichladung 24, wherein the stop 52 during ignition of the piercing charge 24 lid-like around the tapping opening 36 rests and closes it.
  • the tapping charge 24 ignites the transfer charge 28, which in turn ignites the delay charge 30.
  • the deceleration charge 30 is set to burn from its rear end to the transfer charge 28 for 15 seconds until the combustion arrives at its front end and thus at the transfer charge 32.
  • the transfer charge 32 is ignited after these 15 seconds and in turn ignites the detonator charge 34, which emits a strong gas pressure surge to the outside.
  • the rotor 14 is accelerated in the direction of flight 46, so that the squib 22 is pressed against the tapping needle 18 and ignites. In this way, after no more than 15 seconds, the main charge of the projectile is ignited, if it has not previously been ignited regularly by an impact of the fuze 2.
  • the sticking charge 34 and the transfer charge 28 When igniting the sticking charge 34 and the transfer charge 28, it may happen that a high gas pressure within the housing 26 in the region of the sticking charge 24 and / or the transfer charge 28 is formed. It can thereby happen that hot gases are forced through the delay charge 30 abruptly, especially if this micro cracks or the like, which may have occurred, for example, during launch.
  • the transfer charge 32 is ignited immediately and with it the detonator charge 34, so that the gas pressure surge for lifting the rotor 14 is already generated at or shortly after the launch. At this time, the rotor 14 is not yet rotated into its unlocked position, so that the squib 22 can not be pressed against the piercing needle 18 yet.
  • a detonation of the main charge is omitted and does not take place at too low an impact.
  • the projectile becomes a dud.
  • the rotor 14 can be damaged by the gas pressure surge of the detonator charge 34 so that it can jam and can not rotate to its unlocked position.
  • the primer 22 can not be ignited in this way, even at a regular impact and the bullet is in any case a dud.
  • the discharge opening 40 is introduced into the ignition half 60 of the delay detonator 10.
  • the ignition half is the one in the rear half of the delay detonator 10 in terms of its dimensions. In it the ignition charge 24 is located.
  • the front half of the delay detonator 10 is its detonator half 62, in which the detonator charge 34 lies.
  • the delay charge 30 is elongated and with it the delay detonator 10.
  • the longitudinal direction of the elongated delay detonator 10 and with it a burnup direction 66 of the delay charge 30 is perpendicular to the direction of flight 46 .
  • the puncture needle 20 is arranged so that it is laterally inserted into the housing 26 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the delay detonator 10 and / or the burn-off direction 66 for igniting the delay detonator 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The fuse has a firing assembly for firing a main charge of a projectile. A delay detonator (10) fires the firing assembly after a delay time defined by a burning distance (66) of a delay charge (30). The delay detonator has a housing (26) with a fuse half (60), in which the detonator is fired, and a detonator half (62) containing a detonator charge (34) for firing the firing assembly. The housing in the fuse half has a relief opening (40) with an opening cross section that is freely passable in a firing state of the delay detonator.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zünder für ein Geschoss mit einer Zündanordnung zum Zünden einer Hauptladung des Geschosses und einem Verzögerungsdetonator zum Zünden der Zündanordnung nach einer durch eine Abbrandstrecke einer Verzögerungsladung festgelegten Verzögerungszeit, wobei der Verzögerungsdetonator ein Gehäuse mit einer Zündhälfte, in der er gezündet wird, und einer Detonatorhälfte, die eine Detonatorladung zum Zünden der Zündanordnung beinhaltet, aufweist.The invention relates to a detonator for a projectile with an igniter assembly for igniting a main charge of the projectile and a delay detonator for igniting the igniter assembly after a set by a burnup distance of a delay charge delay time, the delay detonator a housing with a detonator in which it is ignited, and a detonator half including a detonator charge for igniting the igniter assembly.

Zünder für Artelleriegeschosse, Mösergranaten oder direkte Geschosse sind üblicherweise mit einer Zündanordnung mit einer Zündkette versehen, durch die eine Hauptladung des Geschosses gezündet wird. Die Zündanordnung bzw. Zündkette umfasst eine Zündladung, die zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt oder bei einer bestimmten Situation des Zünders elektronisch oder mechanisch gezündet wird und die ihre Zündenergie direkt an die Hauptladung oder beispielsweise an eine Verstärkerladung der Zündkette weiter gibt, die ihrerseits die Hauptladung zündet.Igniter for Artelleriegeschosse, Mösergranaten or direct projectiles are usually provided with a Zündanordnung with a detonator chain through which a main charge of the projectile is ignited. The ignition assembly comprises an ignition charge which is ignited electronically or mechanically at a certain time or in a particular situation of the igniter and which gives its ignition energy directly to the main charge or, for example, to an amplifier charge of the ignition chain, which in turn ignites the main charge.

Bei einem Versagen eines solchen mechanischen oder elektronischen Auslösens der Zündladung wird das Geschoss nach seiner Landung ein Blindgänger, der während eines sehr langen Zeitraums eine erhebliche Gefahrenquelle darstellt. Ein solcher Blindgänger kann beispielsweise entstehen, wenn ein Geschoss mit einem Aufschlagzünder in tiefem Schnee oder einer Schneewehe landet und der Aufschlagzünder nicht zündet oder das Geschoss so flach auf dem Erdboden aufkommt, dass es über den Erdboden rutscht und nur langsam zum Stehen kommt.In case of failure of such a mechanical or electronic triggering of the ignition charge, the projectile is a dud after landing, which represents a significant source of danger for a very long period of time. Such a dud may arise, for example, when a bullet with a percussion fuse in deep snow or a snowdrift lands and the impact igniter does not ignite or the bullet so flat on the ground that it slips over the ground and comes to a halt only slowly.

Um ein Zünden auch in einer solchen nicht regulären Situation zu gewährleisten, ist es bekannt, den Zünder mit einem Verzögerungsdetonator zu versehen, der durch beispielsweise den Abschuss des Geschosses gezündet wird und der nach einer voreingestellten Verzögerungszeit von einigen Sekunden die Zündanordnung zündet, wenn diese nicht bereits regulär durch einen Zeitzünder oder Aufschlagzünder oder dergleichen gezündet wurde. Ein solcher Verzögerungsdetonator umfasst üblicherweise eine Verzögerungsladung, die z.B. beim Abschuss gezündet wird, und die - ähnlich einer Zündschnur - eine festgelegte Verzögerungszeit lang brennt, um nach Ablauf dieser Verzögerungszeit Zündenergie an einen Detonator zum Zünden der Zündanordnung zu übergeben.In order to ensure ignition even in such a non-regular situation, it is known to provide the detonator with a delay detonator, which is ignited by, for example, the launching of the projectile and the one after a preset Delay time of a few seconds ignites the igniter assembly, if it has not already been ignited regularly by a time fuse or impact fuse or the like. Such a delay detonator usually comprises a delay charge which is ignited, for example, during firing, and which burns for a predetermined delay time, similar to a detonating cord, in order to transfer ignition energy to a detonator for igniting the firing arrangement after this delay time has elapsed.

Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Zünder für ein Geschoss anzugeben, der zuverlässig vor einem Blindgehen schützt.It is an object of the present invention to provide an igniter for a bullet which reliably protects against blind walking.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Zünder der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, bei dem das Gehäuse erfindungsgemäß in der Zündhälfte eine Entlastungsöffnung mit einem im zündenden Zustand des Verzögerungsdetonators frei durchgängigen Öffnungsquerschnitt aufweist.This object is achieved by an igniter of the type mentioned, in which the housing according to the invention in the ignition half has a discharge opening with a free flowing in the igniting state of the delay detonator opening cross-section.

Die Erfindung geht von der Überlegung aus, dass sich die Verzögerungszeit mit einer Verzögerungsladung sehr genau einstellen lässt. Außerdem ist das Abbrennen einer Verzögerungsladung sehr robust gegen mechanische Beanspruchungen, sodass die Zündung der Zündanordnung durch den Verzögerungsdetonator auch dann stattfinden kann, wenn der Zünder zwischenzeitlich hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt wurde, wie sie beim Abschuss und einem Aufschlag auftreten können. Durch die hohe mechanische Belastung beim Abschuss des Geschosses kann es jedoch vorkommen, dass das homogene Gefüge des Brennmaterials der Verzögerungsladung etwas gestört wird. Entstehen beim Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators durch eine ungleichmäßige Verbrennung hohe Druckspitzen, so können heiße Brenngase durch Inhomogenitäten im Brennstoffgefüge, wie beispielsweise Mikrorisse, durch die Verzögerungsladung durchschlagen, sodass die Verzögerungsladung überbrückt und die Detonatorladung zu früh gezündet wird. Bei einem zu frühen Zündzeitpunkt ist eine Zündladung der Zündanordnung gegebenenfalls noch nicht in ihrer Scharfstellung und ein Auslösen der Zündanordnung durch den Detonator des Verzögerungsdetonators wird unterbunden.The invention is based on the consideration that the delay time can be set very precisely with a delay charge. In addition, the burning of a delay charge is very robust against mechanical stresses, so that the ignition of the igniter assembly can take place by the delay detonator even if the fuze has been exposed to high loads in the meantime, as they can occur at launch and an impact. Due to the high mechanical load during firing of the projectile, however, it may happen that the homogeneous structure of the fuel of the deceleration charge is somewhat disturbed. If high pressure peaks occur when igniting the delay detonator due to non-uniform combustion, hot fuel gases can be penetrated by inhomogeneities in the fuel structure, such as microcracks, through the delay charge, so that the delay charge is bypassed and the detonator charge is ignited too early. If the ignition timing is too early, an ignition charge of the ignition arrangement may not yet be in its in-focus position and a triggering of the ignition arrangement by the detonator of the delay detonator is prevented.

Durch eine Entlastungsöffnung in der Zündhälfte des Gehäuses des Verzögerungsdetonators können Druckspitzen, die beim Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators entstehen können, abgebaut werden, sodass nicht genug Druck entsteht, um heiße Verbrennungsgase durch die Verzögerungsladung hindurch zu pressen. Ein Überbrücken der Verzögerungsladung kann zuverlässig vermieden und ein Zünden der Zündanordnung kann nach der festgelegten Verzögerungszeit sichergestellt werden.Through a discharge opening in the ignition half of the housing of the delay detonator pressure peaks, which can arise when igniting the delay detonator, can be reduced, so that there is not enough pressure to press hot combustion gases through the delay charge. A bridging of the Delay charge can be reliably avoided and igniting the igniter assembly can be ensured after the specified delay time.

Die Entlastungsöffnung erlaubt im zündenden Zustand des Verzögerungsdetonators einen freien Gasdurchtritt von einer Ladung des Verzögerungsdetonators in dessen Umgebung. Sie ist im zündenden Zustand des Verzögerungsdetonators mit einem frei durchgängigen Öffnungsquerschnitt versehen, der zumindest 1 mm2 groß ist. Hierdurch kann genügend Gas durch die Entlastungsöffnung entweichen, um Druckspitzen abzubauen. Eine Druckentlastung in der Zündhälfte ist umso notwendiger, je größer die bei einem Zünden auftretenden Druckspitzen sind. Um auch große Druckspitzen abbauen zu können, die bei hohen mechanischen Belastungen oder durch Inhomogenitäten in Ladungen auftreten können, umfasst die Entlastungsöffnung zweckmäßigerweise einen im zündenden Zustand des Verzögerungsdetonators frei durchgängigen Öffnungsquerschnitt von zumindest 5 mm2.The discharge opening allows in the igniting state of the delay detonator a free passage of gas from a charge of the delay detonator in its environment. It is provided in the igniting state of the delay detonator with a freely continuous opening cross-section, which is at least 1 mm 2 in size. As a result, enough gas can escape through the discharge opening to reduce pressure peaks. A pressure relief in the ignition half is the more necessary the greater the pressure peaks occurring during ignition. In order to be able to reduce even large pressure peaks, which can occur under high mechanical loads or inhomogeneities in charges, the discharge opening expediently comprises a freely continuous in the igniting state of the delay detonator opening cross-section of at least 5 mm 2 .

Das Gehäuse des Verzögerungsdetonators ummantelt zweckmäßigerweise sämtliche Ladungen des Verzögerungsdetonators, wie beispielsweise eine Anstichladung, eine Übergangsladung zwischen der Anstichladung und einer Verzögerungsladung, gegebenenfalls eine weitere Übergangsladung und eine Detonatorladung. Da sich die Druckspitzen vornehmlich beim Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators bilden, ist die Entlastungsöffnung in der Zündhälfte des Gehäuses angeordnet, also in der Hälfte, in der der Verzögerungsdetonator gezündet wird, beispielsweise durch eine Anstichnadel, die in eine Zündladung eingedrückt wird.The housing of the delay detonator expediently encloses all charges of the delay detonator, such as, for example, a sticking charge, a transition charge between the sticking charge and a delay charge, optionally a further transition charge and a detonator charge. Since the pressure peaks form primarily during ignition of the delay detonator, the discharge opening is arranged in the ignition half of the housing, that is in the half in which the delay detonator is ignited, for example by a tapping needle, which is pressed into an ignition charge.

Bei Verwendung einer Zündnadel wird diese zum Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators durch das Gehäuse hindurchgeführt, das hierfür eine Anstichöffnung aufweisen kann. Diese Anstichöffnung wird im zündenden Zustand des Verzögerungsdetonators, also in dem Zustand, bei dem die Zündnadel in eine Zündladung eintaucht und diese zündet, von der Zündnadel so weit blockiert, sodass sie nicht als Entlastungsöffnung dienen kann. Ein kleiner Schlitz zwischen der Zündnadel und dem Gehäuse reicht als Entlastungsöffnung erst dann, wenn er einen zumindest 1 mm2 großen Durchgang aufweist, der außerdem nicht durch ein Element der Zündnadel, z.B. einen Deckel oder Anschlag, abdeckbar sein darf.When using a firing pin this is passed through the housing for igniting the delay detonator, which may have a tapping opening for this purpose. This puncture opening is so far blocked in the igniting state of the delay detonator, ie in the state in which the firing needle dips into an ignition charge and ignites it, so that it can not serve as a discharge opening. A small slot between the firing pin and the housing is sufficient as a discharge opening only if it has a passage of at least 1 mm 2 , which also may not be covered by an element of the firing needle, such as a lid or stop.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung mündet die Entlastungsöffnung direkt an eine Anstichladung des Verzögerungsdetonators. Druckspitzen, die beim Zünden der Anstichladung entstehen, können hierdurch besonders gut abgeleitet werden. Ebenfalls möglich ist die Anordnung der Entlastungsöffnung an einer Übertragungsladung zwischen einer Anstichladung und einer Verzögerungsladung, um Druckspitzen, die bei einer Übertragung von Energie von Ladung auf Ladung entstehen können, abzubauen. Auch eine Anordnung der Entlastungsöffnung sowohl an der Anstichladung als auch an der Übertragungsladung ist vorteilhaft.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the discharge opening opens directly to a puncture charge of the delay detonator. Pressure peaks that occur when igniting the puncture charge, this can be particularly well derived. Also possible is the location of the vent opening at a transfer charge between a sticking charge and a delay charge to reduce pressure spikes that may result from charge to charge transfer. An arrangement of the discharge opening both at the piercing charge and at the transfer charge is advantageous.

Um längere Verzögerungszeiten zu realisieren ist der Verzögerungsdetonator zweckmäßigerweise länglich ausgeführt, sodass seine Länge in einer Abbrandrichtung länger ist, insbesondere mehr als doppelt so lang, als seine Ausdehnung in den beiden anderen Raumrichtungen.In order to realize longer delay times, the delay detonator is expediently elongate, so that its length in a burn-up direction is longer, in particular more than twice as long, as its extension in the other two spatial directions.

Zur Realisierung eines kompakten Zünders ist es vorteilhaft, den länglichen Verzögerungsdetonator quer zu einer Flugrichtung des Geschosses anzuordnen. Hierzu liegt die Abbrandrichtung des Verzögerungsdetonators, also die Richtung vorteilhafterweise quer zu einer Flugrichtung des Geschosses, zweckmäßigerweise in einem Winkel zwischen 70 und 110 Grad zur Flugrichtung des Geschosses, insbesondere senkrecht zur Flugrichtung des Geschosses. Die Abbrandrichtung ist die Richtung, in der eine Verzögerungsladung des Verzögerungsdetonators abbrennt, beispielsweise von einer Anstichladung zur Detonatorladung.To realize a compact igniter, it is advantageous to arrange the elongated delay detonator transversely to a direction of flight of the projectile. For this purpose, the burn-up direction of the delay detonator, that is to say the direction advantageously transversely to a direction of flight of the projectile, expediently lies at an angle between 70 and 110 degrees to the direction of flight of the projectile, in particular perpendicular to the direction of flight of the projectile. The burn-up direction is the direction in which a delay charge of the delay detonator burns off, for example from a sticking charge to the detonator charge.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Anstichöffnung und die Entlastungsöffnung als zwei separate Öffnungen im Gehäuse ausgeführt. Hierdurch können die Vorgänge des Anstechens und der Druckentlastung getrennt werden und die Öffnungen können auf ein zuverlässiges Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators bzw. auf eine gute Druckentlastung optimiert werden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist es möglich, dass die Entlastungsöffnung gleichzeitig die Anstichöffnung bildet, durch die eine Anstichnadel zum Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators hindurchgeführt werden kann.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the tapping opening and the discharge opening are designed as two separate openings in the housing. As a result, the processes of piercing and pressure relief can be separated and the openings can be optimized for a reliable ignition of the delay detonator or on a good pressure relief. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible for the relief opening to simultaneously form the piercing opening, through which a puncturing needle for igniting the delay detonator can be passed.

Ein Anstechen des Verzögerungsdetonators geschieht vorteilhafterweise beim Abschuss des Geschosses und unter Verwendung der Abschussbeschleunigung. Hierbei kann eine besonders einfache Konstruktion des Zünders erreicht werden, wenn eine Anstichrichtung der Anstichnadel durch die Anstichöffnung entgegengesetzt zur Flugrichtung des Geschosses ist. Durch die Antiparallelität von Anstichrichtung und Flugrichtung des Geschosses kann die Trägheit der Anstichnadel zum Beschleunigen und Einstechen in den Verzögerungsdetonator hin verwendet werden, ohne dass andere Triebmittel notwendig wären.A puncture of the delay detonator is advantageously done when shooting the projectile and using the launch acceleration. In this case, a particularly simple construction of the igniter can be achieved if a puncture direction of the puncture needle through the puncture opening is opposite to the direction of flight of the projectile. Due to the antiparallelity of the piercing direction and the direction of flight of the projectile, the inertia of the piercing needle can be used for accelerating and piercing the retardation detonator without the need for other means of propulsion.

Ein Hindurchtreiben von heißen Verbrennungsgasen durch den Verzögerungsdetonator bei Vorliegen einer Druckspitze kann nur erfolgen, wenn ein entsprechender Gegendruck entgegen der Abbrandrichtung im Verzögerungsdetonator vorliegt. Dem Erzeugen eines solchen Gegendrucks kann besonders effektiv entgegengewirkt werden, wenn die Entlastungsöffnung in Bezug zu einer Anstichöffnung im Gehäuse entgegen einer Abbrandrichtung einer Verzögerungsladung angeordnet ist. Beschleunigte, heiße Gase können ohne Umlenkung den Verzögerungsdetonator verlassen, wodurch ein besonders effektiver Druckabbau erreicht werden kann.Blowing hot combustion gases through the delay detonator in the presence of a pressure spike can only take place if a corresponding backpressure against the burnup direction is present in the retardation detonator. The generation of such a counterpressure can be counteracted particularly effectively if the relief opening is arranged in relation to a puncture opening in the housing counter to a burnup direction of a delay charge. Accelerated, hot gases can leave the deceleration detonator without diverting, resulting in particularly effective pressure reduction.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Entlastungsöffnung gegenüber einer Detonatoröffnung des Gehäuses angeordnet. Eine Druckentlastung entgegen der Abbrandrichtung kann hierdurch besonders einfach realisiert werden. Die Entlastungsöffnung kann hierbei an einer Hinterseite des Gehäuses eingebracht sein, die insbesondere parallel zur Vorderseite angeordnet ist. Hinten und vorne kann hierbei durch die Zündhälfte, die die hintere Hälfte und die Detonatorhälfte, die die vordere Hälfte ist, definiert werden.Advantageously, the discharge opening is arranged opposite a detonator opening of the housing. A pressure relief against the burning direction can be particularly easily realized. The discharge opening may in this case be introduced at a rear side of the housing, which is arranged in particular parallel to the front side. Rear and front can be defined here by the ignition half, which is the rear half and the detonator half, which is the front half.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Verzögerungsdetonator zum Beschleunigen einer scharf gestellten Zündladung der Zündanordnung gegen eine Anstichnadel vorgesehen. Die Zündanordnung kann gezündet und die Hauptladung hierdurch zu einer Detonation gebracht werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the delay detonator is provided for accelerating a sharply set ignition charge of the ignition arrangement against a puncture needle. The igniter assembly can be ignited and the main charge thereby detonated.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Erfindung bei einem Zünder anwendbar, der ein Aufschlagzünder ist. Bei einem fehlenden oder zu schwachen Aufschlag kann die zum Zünden der Zündanordnung notwendige Zündenergie durch den Verzögerungsdetonator zur Verfügung gestellt werden, beispielsweise indem die Zündladung der Zündanordnung gegen die Anstichnadel beschleunigt wird.Particularly advantageously, the invention is applicable to a detonator which is an impact fuze. In the event of a missing or too weak impact, the ignition energy necessary for igniting the ignition arrangement can be made available by the delay detonator, for example by accelerating the ignition charge of the ignition arrangement against the puncturing needle.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeichnungsbeschreibung, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt ist. Die Zeichnung und die Beschreibung enthalten zahlreiche Merkmale in Kombination, die der Fachmann zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen wird.Further advantages will become apparent from the following description, in which an embodiment of the invention is shown. The drawing and the description contain numerous features in combination, which the skilled person expediently consider individually and will summarize meaningful further combinations.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
Eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung auf einen Zünder mit einem Verzögerungsdetonator und
Figur 2:
den Verzögerungsdetonator in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht.
Show it:
FIG. 1:
A schematic perspective view of an igniter with a delay detonator and
FIG. 2:
the delay detonator in a sectional side view.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Zünder 2 eines nicht weiter dargestellten Geschosses, beispielsweise einer Mörsergranate, eines Artelleriegeschosses oder eines Direktgeschosses in einer teilgeschnittenen und stark vereinfachten Darstellung. Der Zünder 2 ist ein Aufschlagzünder und ist über ein Gewinde 4 in einen Geschossrumpf einschraubbar, wodurch das Geschoss hergestellt ist. Der Zünder 2 umfasst ein Zündergehäuse 6 mit einem Boden 8, auf dem Elemente des Zünders 2 fixiert sind, wie z.B. ein Verzögerungsdetonator 10 und neben diesem ein Doppelbolzensystem 12, von dem der Übersichtlichkeit halber nur ein Teil schematisch angedeutet ist. Ebenfalls nur angedeutet ist ein Rotor 14, der um einen Bolzen 16 drehbar ist, und zwei Anstichnadeln 18, 20 zum Zünden einer Zündladung 22 im Rotor 14 bzw. einer Anstichladung 24 (siehe Figur 2) im Verzögerungsdetonator 10, deren Befestigung im Zündergehäuse 6 ebenfalls der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht dargestellt ist. FIG. 1 shows an igniter 2 of a projectile not shown, for example, a mortar shell, a Artelleriegeschosses or a direct projectile in a partially cut and greatly simplified representation. The fuze 2 is an impact fuze and is screwed via a thread 4 in a projectile body, whereby the bullet is made. The igniter 2 comprises an igniter housing 6 with a bottom 8, on which elements of the igniter 2 are fixed, such as a delay detonator 10 and, in addition, a double-bolt system 12, of which only a part is indicated schematically for the sake of clarity. Also only indicated is a rotor 14, which is rotatable about a pin 16, and two puncture needles 18, 20 for igniting a priming charge 22 in the rotor 14 or a piercing charge 24 (see FIG. 2 ) in the delay detonator 10, whose attachment in the igniter housing 6 is likewise not shown for the sake of clarity.

Figur 2 zeigt den Verzögerungsdetonator 10 in einer geschnittenen Darstellung. In einem Gehäuse 26 sind von vorne nach hinten die Anstichladung 24, eine Übertragungsladung 28, eine Verzögerungsladung 30, eine weitere Übertragungsladung 32 und eine Detonatorladung 34 angeordnet. Im Bereich der Anstichladung 24 ist das Gehäuse 26 mit einer Anstichöffnung 36 versehen, durch die die Anstichnadel 20 in die Anstichladung 24 eingeführt werden kann. Auf der Hinterseite 38 des Gehäuses 26 und ebenfalls im Bereich der Anstichladung 24 ist das Gehäuse 26 mit einer Entlastungsöffnung 40 versehen. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Vorderseite 42 ist das Gehäuse 26 offen ausgeführt, sodass eine große Detonationsöffnung 44 gebildet wird. Der Verzögerungsdetonator 10 ist gute 20 mm lang, und der Durchmesser der Entlastungsöffnung ist etwa 3,5 mm. FIG. 2 shows the delay detonator 10 in a cutaway view. In a housing 26, the piercing charge 24, a transfer charge 28, a delay charge 30, a further transfer charge 32 and a detonator charge 34 are arranged from front to back. In the area of the puncture charge 24, the housing 26 is provided with a puncture opening 36, through which the puncture needle 20 can be introduced into the puncture charge 24. On the rear side 38 of the housing 26 and also in the region of the piercing charge 24, the housing 26 is provided with a discharge opening 40. On the opposite front side 42, the housing 26 is designed to be open, so that a large detonation opening 44 is formed. The delay detonator 10 is a good 20 mm long and the diameter of the discharge opening is about 3.5 mm.

Beim Abschuss des Geschosses wird der Zünder 2 sehr stark in Flugrichtung 46 beschleunigt. Hierdurch wird ein angedeuteter Bolzen 48 des Doppelbolzensystems 12 nach unten, also in Richtung des Geschossrumpfs gedrückt und mit ihm ein nicht dargestellter zweiter Bolzen des Doppelbolzensystems 12. Hierdurch wird der Rotor 14 entsichert, der durch eine entsprechende Mechanik um den Bolzen 16 rotiert wird, sodass die Zündladung 22 entsprechend dem Pfeil 50 unter die Anstichnadel 12 bewegt wird. Beim Aufschlag des Geschosses auf ein Ziel wird der Zünder 2 sehr stark entgegen der Flugrichtung 46 beschleunigt, sodass der Rotor 14 relativ zum Zündergehäuse 6 nach oben, also in Flugrichtung 46 bewegt wird, wie durch einen Pfeil 52 angedeutet ist. Die Anstichnadel 18 ruht fixiert im Zündergehäuse 6, sodass die Zündladung 22 gegen die Anstichnadel 18 gedrückt und gezündet wird. Durch die Zündladung 22 wird Zündenergie durch den Boden 8 hindurch auf eine nicht dargestellte Hauptladung des Geschosses übertragen und diese wird gezündet. Die Zündladung 22, der Rotor 14 und die Anstichnadel 18 sind Bestandteil einer Zündanordnung 54, die gegebenenfalls auch eine oder zwei weitere Ladungen einer Zündkette umfassen kann.When the projectile is fired, the fuze 2 is accelerated very strongly in the direction of flight 46. As a result, an indicated pin 48 of the double pin system 12 is pressed downwards, ie in the direction of the projectile body and with him an unillustrated second pin of the double pin system 12. As a result, the rotor 14 is unlocked, which is rotated by a corresponding mechanism to the bolt 16, so the primer 22 is moved under the puncture needle 12 according to the arrow 50. Upon impact of the projectile on a target of the fuze 2 is accelerated very strongly against the direction of flight 46, so that the rotor 14 is moved relative to the igniter housing 6 upwards, ie in the direction of flight 46, as indicated by an arrow 52 is. The tapping needle 18 rests fixed in the igniter housing 6, so that the primer 22 is pressed against the tapping needle 18 and ignited. By the ignition charge 22, ignition energy is transmitted through the bottom 8 through a main charge, not shown, of the projectile and this is ignited. The primer 22, the rotor 14 and the piercing needle 18 are part of a firing assembly 54, which may optionally include one or two more charges a firing chain.

Bei einer weichen Landung des Geschosses oder einem langsamen Ausrutschen des Geschosses bei einer flachen Landung auf flachem Grund ist die Verzögerungsbeschleunigung des Zünders 2 gegebenenfalls zu gering, um den Rotor 14 in Flugrichtung 44 nach oben und die Zündladung 22 gegen die Zündnadel 18 zu drücken. Das Geschoss kommt zur Ruhe, ohne dass die Hauptladung detoniert und wird so zu einem Blindgänger. Um dies zu vermeiden ist der Zünder 2 mit dem Verzögerungsdetonator 10 versehen, der beim Abschuss des Geschosses gezündet wird. Beim Abschuss des Geschosses wird die Anstichnadel 20, die beweglich im Zündergehäuse 6 gelagert ist, durch ihre Trägheit relativ zum Zündergehäuse 6 in Anstichrichtung 56, also entgegen der Flugrichtung 46, zum Verzögerungsdetonator 10 hin beschleunigt, sodass sie sich mit ihrer Spitze durch die Öffnung 36 im Gehäuse 26 in die Anstichladung 24 hinein bewegt. Durch einen krempenförmigen Anschlag 58 der Anstichnadel 20 wird ihre Bewegung in die Anstichladung 24 hinein gestoppt, wobei der Anschlag 52 beim Zünden der Anstichladung 24 deckelartig rund um die Anstichöffnung 36 aufliegt und diese so verschließt.In a soft landing of the projectile or a slow slipping of the projectile in a flat landing on a flat ground, the decelerating acceleration of the igniter 2 may be too low to push the rotor 14 in the direction of flight 44 upwards and the squib 22 against the firing pin 18. The projectile comes to rest without the main charge detonating, becoming a dud. To avoid this, the igniter 2 is provided with the delay detonator 10, which is ignited when the projectile is launched. When firing the projectile, the puncture needle 20, which is movably mounted in the igniter housing 6, accelerated by its inertia relative to the igniter housing 6 in Anstichrichtung 56, ie against the flight direction 46, the delay detonator 10, so that they are with their tip through the opening 36th moved in the housing 26 in the Anstichladung 24 inside. By a brim-shaped stop 58 of the tapping needle 20, their movement is stopped in the Anstichladung 24, wherein the stop 52 during ignition of the piercing charge 24 lid-like around the tapping opening 36 rests and closes it.

Die Anstichladung 24 zündet die Übertragungsladung 28, die ihrerseits die Verzögerungsladung 30 zündet. Die Verzögerungsladung 30 ist so eingestellt, dass sie von ihrem hinteren Ende an der Übertragungsladung 28 15 Sekunden lang brennt, bis die Verbrennung an ihrem vorderen Ende und somit an der Übertragungsladung 32 angekommen ist. Die Übertragungsladung 32 wird nach diesen 15 Sekunden gezündet und zündet ihrerseits die Detonatorladung 34, die einen starken Gasdruckstoß nach außen abgibt. Durch diesen Gasdruckstoß wird der Rotor 14 in Flugrichtung 46 beschleunigt, sodass die Zündladung 22 gegen die Anstichnadel 18 gedrückt wird und zündet. Auf diese Weise wird nach spätestens 15 Sekunden die Hauptladung des Geschosses gezündet, wenn sie nicht bereits vorher durch einen Aufschlag des Zünders 2 regulär gezündet wurde.The tapping charge 24 ignites the transfer charge 28, which in turn ignites the delay charge 30. The deceleration charge 30 is set to burn from its rear end to the transfer charge 28 for 15 seconds until the combustion arrives at its front end and thus at the transfer charge 32. The transfer charge 32 is ignited after these 15 seconds and in turn ignites the detonator charge 34, which emits a strong gas pressure surge to the outside. By this gas pressure surge, the rotor 14 is accelerated in the direction of flight 46, so that the squib 22 is pressed against the tapping needle 18 and ignites. In this way, after no more than 15 seconds, the main charge of the projectile is ignited, if it has not previously been ignited regularly by an impact of the fuze 2.

Beim Zünden der Anstichladung 34 und der Übertragungsladung 28 kann es passieren, dass ein hoher Gasdruck innerhalb des Gehäuses 26 im Bereich der Anstichladung 24 und/oder der Übertragungsladung 28 entsteht. Es kann hierdurch vorkommen, dass heiße Gase durch die Verzögerungsladung 30 schlagartig hindurchgedrückt werden, insbesondere wenn diese Mikrorisse oder dergleichen aufweist, die beispielsweise beim Abschuss entstanden sein können. Die Übertragungsladung 32 wird sofort gezündet und mit ihr die Detonatorladung 34, sodass der Gasdruckstoß zum Anheben des Rotors 14 bereits beim oder kurz nach dem Abschuss erzeugt wird. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt ist der Rotor 14 noch nicht in seine Entriegelungsstellung hineinrotiert, sodass die Zündladung 22 noch nicht gegen die Anstichnadel 18 gedrückt werden kann. Eine Detonation der Hauptladung unterbleibt und erfolgt auch nicht bei einem zu geringen Aufschlag. Das Geschoss wird zu einem Blindgänger. Außerdem kann der Rotor 14 durch den Gasdruckstoß der Detonatorladung 34 beschädigt werden, sodass er verklemmt und nicht in seine entsicherte Stellung rotieren kann. Die Zündladung 22 kann auf diese Weise auch bei einem regulären Aufschlag nicht gezündet werden und das Geschoss wird in jedem Fall zu einem Blindgänger.When igniting the sticking charge 34 and the transfer charge 28, it may happen that a high gas pressure within the housing 26 in the region of the sticking charge 24 and / or the transfer charge 28 is formed. It can thereby happen that hot gases are forced through the delay charge 30 abruptly, especially if this micro cracks or the like, which may have occurred, for example, during launch. The transfer charge 32 is ignited immediately and with it the detonator charge 34, so that the gas pressure surge for lifting the rotor 14 is already generated at or shortly after the launch. At this time, the rotor 14 is not yet rotated into its unlocked position, so that the squib 22 can not be pressed against the piercing needle 18 yet. A detonation of the main charge is omitted and does not take place at too low an impact. The projectile becomes a dud. In addition, the rotor 14 can be damaged by the gas pressure surge of the detonator charge 34 so that it can jam and can not rotate to its unlocked position. The primer 22 can not be ignited in this way, even at a regular impact and the bullet is in any case a dud.

Um dies zu vermeiden ist in der Zündhälfte 60 des Verzögerungsdetonators 10 die Entlastungsöffnung 40 eingebracht. Die Zündhälfte ist die in der von ihren Abmessungen her hintere Hälfte des Verzögerungsdetonators 10. In ihr liegt die Zündladung 24. Die vordere Hälfte des Verzögerungsdetonators 10 ist dessen Detonatorhälfte 62, in der die Detonatorladung 34 liegt. Durch die Entlastungsöffnung 40 werden unerwünschte Druckspitzen abgebaut, indem Verbrennungsgase durch die Entlastungsöffnung 40 aus dem Gehäuse 26 entweichen können. Die Verzögerungsladung 30 kann regulär abbrennen und ein Blindgehen des Geschosses wird zuverlässig vermieden.In order to avoid this, the discharge opening 40 is introduced into the ignition half 60 of the delay detonator 10. The ignition half is the one in the rear half of the delay detonator 10 in terms of its dimensions. In it the ignition charge 24 is located. The front half of the delay detonator 10 is its detonator half 62, in which the detonator charge 34 lies. By the discharge port 40 unwanted pressure peaks are reduced by combustion gases can escape through the discharge opening 40 from the housing 26. The delay charge 30 can burn off regularly and a blind go of the projectile is reliably avoided.

Zum Ermöglichen einer langen Abbrandstrecke 64 in Abbrandrichtung 66 ist die Verzögerungsladung 30 länglich ausgeführt und mit ihr der Verzögerungsdetonator 10. Um einen kompakten Zünder 2 zu erreichen ist die Längsrichtung des länglichen Verzögerungsdetonators 10 und mit ihr eine Abbrandrichtung 66 der Verzögerungsladung 30 senkrecht zur Flugrichtung 46 angeordnet. Zum Ausnutzen der Trägheit der Anstichnadel 20 zum Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators 10 ist die Anstichnadel 20 so angeordnet, dass sie in Bezug zur Längsrichtung des Verzögerungsdetonators 10 bzw. zur Abbrandrichtung 66 seitlich in das Gehäuse 26 eingeführt wird zum Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators 10.In order to allow a long erosion distance 64 in the burn-up direction 66, the delay charge 30 is elongated and with it the delay detonator 10. In order to achieve a compact igniter 2, the longitudinal direction of the elongated delay detonator 10 and with it a burnup direction 66 of the delay charge 30 is perpendicular to the direction of flight 46 , In order to utilize the inertia of the puncture needle 20 to ignite the delay detonator 10, the puncture needle 20 is arranged so that it is laterally inserted into the housing 26 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the delay detonator 10 and / or the burn-off direction 66 for igniting the delay detonator 10.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

22
Zünderfuze
44
Gewindethread
66
Gehäusecasing
88th
Bodenground
1010
Verzögerungsdetonatordelay detonator
1212
DoppelbolzensystemDouble-bolt system
1414
Rotorrotor
1616
Bolzenbolt
1818
Anstichnadelpiercing needle
2020
Anstichnadelpiercing needle
2222
Zündladungsquib
2424
Anstichladungtapping charge
2626
Gehäusecasing
2828
Übertragungsladungtransfer charge
3030
Verzögerungsladungrecovery charge
3232
Übertragungsladungtransfer charge
3434
Detonatorladungdetonator
3636
Anstichöffnungtapping opening
3838
Hinterseiteback
4040
Entlastungsöffnungrelief opening
4242
Vorderseitefront
4444
DetonatoröffnungDetonatoröffnung
4646
Flugrichtungflight direction
4848
Bolzenbolt
5050
Pfeilarrow
5252
Pfeilarrow
5454
Zündanordnungignitor
5656
Anstichrichtungtapping direction
5858
Anschlagattack
6060
ZündhälfteZündhälfte
6262
DetonatorhälfteDetonatorhälfte
6464
AbbrandstreckeAbbrandstrecke
6666
AbbrandrichtungAbbrandrichtung

Claims (10)

Zünder (2) für ein Geschoss mit einer Zündanordnung (54) zum Zünden einer Hauptladung des Geschosses und einem Verzögerungsdetonator (10) zum Zünden der Zündanordnung (54) nach einer durch eine Abbrandstrecke (66) einer Verzögerungsladung (30) festgelegten Verzögerungszeit, wobei der Verzögerungsdetonator (10) ein Gehäuse (26) mit einer Zündhälfte (60), in der er gezündet wird, und einer Detonatorhälfte (62), die eine Detonatorladung (34) zum Zünden der Zündanordnung (54) beinhaltet, aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Gehäuse (26) in der Zündhälfte (60) eine Entlastungsöffnung (40) mit einem im zündenden Zustand des Verzögerungsdetonators (10) frei durchgängigen Öffnungsquerschnitt aufweist.An igniter (2) for a projectile with an igniter assembly (54) for igniting a main charge of the projectile and a delay detonator (10) for igniting the igniter assembly (54) after a delay time defined by a burnout path (66) of a delay charge (30) Delay detonator (10) comprises a housing (26) having a firing half (60) in which it is fired and a detonator half (62) containing a detonator charge (34) for firing the firing assembly (54);
characterized,
in that the housing (26) in the ignition half (60) has a discharge opening (40) with a freely openable opening cross-section in the igniting state of the delay detonator (10). Zünder (2) nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Entlastungsöffnung (40) einen im zündenden Zustand des Verzögerungsdetonators (10) frei durchgängigen Öffnungsquerschnitt von zumindest 5 mm2 aufweist.Igniter (2) according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the discharge opening (40) has an igniting condition of the delay detonator (10) free continuous opening cross section of at least 5 mm 2. Zünder (2) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Entlastungsöffnung (40) direkt an eine Anstichladung (24) des Verzögerungsdetonators (10) mündet.Igniter (2) according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
in that the discharge opening (40) opens directly onto a piercing charge (24) of the delay detonator (10). Zünder (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Abbrandrichtung (66) des Verzögerungsdetonators (10) quer zu einer Flugrichtung (46) des Geschosses liegt.Igniter (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that a burn-off direction (66) of the delay detonator (10) lies transversely to a direction of flight (46) of the projectile. Zünder (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Gehäuse (26) zusätzlich zur Entlastungsöffnung (40) eine Anstichöffnung (36) zum Einführen einer Anstichnadel (20) zum Zünden des Verzögerungsdetonators (10) aufweist.Igniter (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that, in addition to the relief opening (40), the housing (26) has a piercing opening (36) for introducing a piercing needle (20) for igniting the retardation detonator (10). Zünder (2) nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Anstichrichtung (56) der Anstichnadel (20) durch die Anstichöffnung (36) entgegengesetzt zur Flugrichtung (46) des Geschosses ist.Igniter (2) according to claim 5,
characterized,
in that a piercing direction (56) of the piercing needle (20) through the piercing opening (36) is opposite to the direction of flight (46) of the projectile. Zünder (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Entlastungsöffnung (40) in Bezug zu einer Anstichöffnung (36) im Gehäuse (26) entgegen einer Abbrandrichtung (66) einer Verzögerungsladung (30) angeordnet ist.Igniter (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the relief opening (40) is arranged in the housing (26) in relation to a piercing opening (36) against a burn-off direction (66) of a delay charge (30). Zünder (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Entlastungsöffnung (40) gegenüber einer Detonatoröffnung (44) des Gehäuses (26) angeordnet ist.Igniter (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the relief opening (40) is arranged opposite a detonator opening (44) of the housing (26). Zünder (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Verzögerungsdetonator (10) zum Beschleunigen einer scharf gestellten Zündladung (22) der Zündanordnung (54) gegen eine Anstichnadel (18) vorgesehen ist.Igniter (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the deceleration detonator (10) is provided for accelerating a sharply set ignition charge (22) of the ignition arrangement (54) against a puncturing needle (18). Zünder (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
gekennzeichnet
durch seine Ausführung als Aufschlagzünder.Igniter (2) according to one of the preceding claims,
marked
by its execution as impact fuze.
EP09008658.8A 2008-07-11 2009-07-02 Fuse for a projectile Active EP2144033B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09008658T PL2144033T3 (en) 2008-07-11 2009-07-02 Fuse for a projectile

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008032744A DE102008032744B4 (en) 2008-07-11 2008-07-11 Igniter for a projectile

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2144033A2 true EP2144033A2 (en) 2010-01-13
EP2144033A3 EP2144033A3 (en) 2013-06-19
EP2144033B1 EP2144033B1 (en) 2015-04-15

Family

ID=40941489

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09008658.8A Active EP2144033B1 (en) 2008-07-11 2009-07-02 Fuse for a projectile

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8037827B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2144033B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2009202759B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2668248C (en)
DE (1) DE102008032744B4 (en)
PL (1) PL2144033T3 (en)
SG (1) SG158806A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200904818B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013059841A1 (en) * 2011-10-17 2013-04-25 Ael Mining Services Limited Pyrotechnic time delay element

Citations (3)

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US2397781A (en) * 1931-08-05 1946-04-02 Max W Fischer Fuse
US3119338A (en) * 1959-10-13 1964-01-28 Bombrini Parodi Delfino Spa Delay detonators for priming devices
EP0666464A1 (en) * 1994-01-31 1995-08-09 Oregon Etablissement Für Patentverwertung Fuse for a grenade

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EP0666464A1 (en) * 1994-01-31 1995-08-09 Oregon Etablissement Für Patentverwertung Fuse for a grenade

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100005993A1 (en) 2010-01-14
ZA200904818B (en) 2010-04-28
EP2144033B1 (en) 2015-04-15
DE102008032744B4 (en) 2010-04-01
US8037827B2 (en) 2011-10-18
DE102008032744A1 (en) 2010-01-14
EP2144033A3 (en) 2013-06-19
CA2668248C (en) 2013-03-19
SG158806A1 (en) 2010-02-26
CA2668248A1 (en) 2010-01-11
AU2009202759A1 (en) 2010-01-28
AU2009202759B2 (en) 2011-09-15
PL2144033T3 (en) 2015-10-30

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