EP2142405A1 - Power brake system for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Power brake system for a motor vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP2142405A1
EP2142405A1 EP08735296A EP08735296A EP2142405A1 EP 2142405 A1 EP2142405 A1 EP 2142405A1 EP 08735296 A EP08735296 A EP 08735296A EP 08735296 A EP08735296 A EP 08735296A EP 2142405 A1 EP2142405 A1 EP 2142405A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
brake system
circuit
brakes
pedal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP08735296A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Trimpe
Johann Baumgartner
Robert Gruber
Aleksandar Pericevic
Stephan Pitzing
Steffen Geissler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
Original Assignee
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH, Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH filed Critical Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Publication of EP2142405A1 publication Critical patent/EP2142405A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/321Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration deceleration
    • B60T8/3255Systems in which the braking action is dependent on brake pedal data
    • B60T8/326Hydraulic systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/745Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on a hydraulic system, e.g. a master cylinder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/26Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels
    • B60T8/266Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels using valves or actuators with external control means
    • B60T8/267Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels using valves or actuators with external control means for hybrid systems with different kind of brakes on different axles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/343Systems characterised by their lay-out
    • B60T8/344Hydraulic systems
    • B60T8/3484 Channel systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4072Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an auxiliary power brake system, in particular a dual-circuit auxiliary power brake system, for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. *** "
  • auxiliary power brake systems with hydraulically actuated brakes
  • the driver's foot force acts directly on the brake pedal, possibly with the assistance of a brake booster, via a hydraulic circuit to several brakes.
  • a brake booster a hydraulic circuit to several brakes.
  • a parking brake usually find purely mechanical actuation systems such as a cable
  • Electrohydraulic brake systems are known from the prior art, with which a wheel-specific control of the brakes is realized by electromechanically actuated plunger. This achieves a considerable improvement in the control capability and thus the effectiveness of the brakes. Said ensuring the braking effect in case of failure of the electrical energy or other systemic disturbances must be ensured by an additional, usually acting on the front axle mechanically / hydraulically operated brake circuit.
  • Electromechanical brakes which are used as a parking brake or in which an electromechanical parking brake is integrated, offer in this function over conventional, hydraulically actuated and additional, purely mechanically acting actuation systems certain advantages, such as improved ease of use and a small footprint in the passenger compartment by omission of one
  • the object of the invention is to provide an auxiliary braking system which can be implemented simply and inexpensively while maintaining the necessary safety aspects.
  • Claim 1 provides a brake system, in particular a dual-circuit brake system, for a motor vehicle, having at least one or more brake circuits, each having at least one or more brakes, each associated with a wheel of the vehicle, wherein the brakes are triggered by a brake pedal, which is associated with a brake booster, with the brake pedal in
  • each brake of at least one brake circuit or more brake circuits of the brake system is assigned in each case a separate brake booster together in particular simultaneously via the brake pedal can be actuated, but are preferred in terms of their brake booster effect independently controllable.
  • electro-hydraulic brake booster are used, which are arranged so that the force acting on the brake pedal foot force is evenly distributed to all brake booster or according to a predetermined law.
  • Each electro-hydraulic brake booster has an actuator which is provided with an electromechanical drive.
  • a force is added or subtracted via the actuator for each brake to set the state predetermined by a brake control system.
  • an immediate actuation of the brakes by the brake system without driver intervention is possible.
  • the brake system modified in the sense of the invention is a "brake-by-wire" system, which offers the highest possible reliability.
  • the brakes of the second brake circuit usually the brakes associated with the brake circuit of the rear axle, can be configured directly as electromechanical brakes, with direct engagement with the respective wheel.
  • the electromechanical brakes usually the brakes associated with the brake circuit of the rear axle
  • Brake the rear axle be equipped with an integrated parking brake function, whereby a maximum functionality of the brake system, combined with a simple and less prone to failure construction and highest possible reliability is achieved.
  • the central element of an employed actuator is a threaded spindle, preferably a ball screw, on the first end of which the foot pedal operated brake pedal acts, while the applied force is transmitted to a master cylinder located at the other end of the spindle.
  • a threaded spindle encompassing the spindle nut is driven by an electric motor, whereby, depending on the direction of rotation, an actuating force is added or subtracted to the force introduced by the brake pedal force. With a corresponding dimensioning of the electric drive, the actuation pressure generated by the brake cylinder can be increased to the desired extent.
  • an electrohydraulic brake booster is that the actuation energy no longer has to be generated by additional pumps, but is provided directly by electrical means. Independent control of the brake pressure of individual wheels, e.g. In ABS control processes, additional valves and electrically driven hydraulic pumps are used.
  • Brake pedal introduced force is distributed in each working position of the individual spindles in the same predetermined ratio on the spindles. At the respective spindle can be individually added and subtracted as required by the electric drive a force.
  • each of the brake booster comprises an electromechanical drive comprising a ball screw which is encompassed by an electrically driven spindle nut and communicates with a hydraulic cylinder via which the respective associated brake is hydraulically actuated, wherein each of the brake booster is designed such that a braking alone by means of the ball screw spindle even if the electrically driven spindle nut a brake actuation is possible.
  • Figures 1 and 2 each show a two-circuit brake system according to the invention in various modifications, in a schematic view
  • Figures 3 and 4 a detail of the two-circuit braking system, also in a schematic view in different functional positions
  • Figures 5 and 6 each show a further embodiment of the invention with reference to a schematically illustrated detail.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 each show a two-circuit brake system for a motor vehicle, with brakes 3, 10 which can be triggered via a brake pedal 1 operatively connected to a brake booster 5, each engaging in a wheel 2, 4.
  • Each brake 3 is at least one brake circuit, assigned in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 of the front brake circuit with the wheels 2, a brake booster 5, which are simultaneously, but functionally independent of each other via the brake pedal 1 operable.
  • Each of the two brake booster 5 has an electro-hydraulic actuator, which is provided with an electromechanical drive.
  • This drive is designed in particular in the form of a ball screw 12, on one end of the brake pedal acts directly or via intermediate elements, which is encompassed by an electrically driven spindle nut 11 ( Figure 3) and communicates with its other end with a hydraulic cylinder 6, via the respective assigned brake 3 is hydraulically actuated.
  • the control is preferably carried out via a higher-level control device of the vehicle or the brake system, such. via an EBS or an ABS control unit, which is connected to the brake booster (not shown here).
  • each of the brake booster is designed such that by means of the ball screw 12 even in case of failure of the electrically driven spindle nut 11 via the ball screw 12, which upon actuation of the brake pedal in the spin delmutter 12 is twisted, a brake operation alone on the brake pedal 1 is possible.
  • a direct action of the brake pedal on the ball screw 1 1 over to the hydraulic system is not preferred, but is conceivable.
  • these brake booster are thus each designed so that by means of the ball screw spindle 12 even in case of failure of the electrically driven spindle nut 11 is still an operation on the brake pedal 1 is possible by a pressure in the hydraulic cylinder is constructed.
  • the second brake circuit for braking the rear wheels 4 is likewise provided with electrohydraulic actuators 5 of the type shown in FIG. 3, which have electromechanical drives 5 which are in operative connection with the brake pedal 1 via an electrical line 9 , The braking is done via hydraulically actuated brakes 3, as well as the brakes 3 of the front brake circuit.
  • FIGS 3 and 4 each show a force distribution system in which the operating lever of the brake pedal 1 via a connected balance beam 13 transmits the force to the two spindles.
  • the balance beam 13 is designed so that even with an unequal stroke position of the spindles 13 on both spindles, the same force is introduced.
  • a brake system is provided in which the wheel-individual braking intervention on all connected wheels directly through the electromechanical brake actuator possible. is lent.
  • at least one brake circuit, in the present example, the front are operated by foot force so that the required brake function is given.
  • the brake booster 5 are shown in the rest position, while in Figure 4, a position can be seen, in which a wheel-individual engagement takes place, wherein the spindles 12 occupy different axial positions.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a hydraulic force distribution in which the lever of the brake pedal 1 acts on a hydraulic piston 15, the pressure of which is directed to two pistons 16 attached to the associated ends of the spindles 12.
  • the necessary foot actuation force is reduced by a relief spring.
  • a brake caliper spread resiliently when actuated and the release force is released again when releasing the brake.
  • the foot force necessary for the operation can be effectively reduced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

A brake system, in particular a dual circuit brake system, for a motor vehicle, with brakes (3) which can be activated by a brake pedal (1) operatively connected to a brake servo (5) and each brake of which engages with one wheel (2, 4), is designed such that a brake servo (5) is assigned to each brake (3) of at least one brake circuit, and said brake servos can be activated by the brake pedal.

Description

Hilfskraftbremssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug Auxiliary power brake system for a motor vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Hilfskraftbremssystem, insbesondere ein Zweikreis- Hilfskraftbremssystem, für ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des An- Spruchs 1.The invention relates to an auxiliary power brake system, in particular a dual-circuit auxiliary power brake system, for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. *** "
Bei Hilfskraftbremssystemen mit hydraulisch betätigbaren Bremsen wirkt die Fußkraft des Fahrers unmittelbar über das Bremspedal ggf. mit der Unterstützung eines Bremskraftverstärkers über einen Hydraulikkreis auf mehrere Bremsen. Als Park- bremse finden in der Regel rein mechanische Betätigungssysteme wie ein SeilzugIn auxiliary power brake systems with hydraulically actuated brakes, the driver's foot force acts directly on the brake pedal, possibly with the assistance of a brake booster, via a hydraulic circuit to several brakes. As a parking brake usually find purely mechanical actuation systems such as a cable
Verwendung. Es ist auch bekannt, die Parkbremse elektromechanisch zu betätigen.Use. It is also known to actuate the parking brake electromechanically.
Im Bremskraftverstärker wird eine zusätzliche Betätigungskraft aufgebracht, durch die eine Entlastung des Fahrers erreicht wird. Allerdings muss gewährleistet sein, dass die Bremswirkung ggf. auch bei einem Ausfall des Bremskraftverstärkers gewährleistet bleibt.In the brake booster, an additional actuating force is applied, through which a relief of the driver is achieved. However, it must be ensured that the braking effect is possibly ensured even in the event of a failure of the brake booster.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind elektrohydraulische Bremssysteme bekannt, mit denen eine radindividuelle Regelung der Bremsen durch elektromechanisch betä- tigte Plunger realisiert wird. Hierdurch wird eine erhebliche Verbesserung der Re- gelungsfähigkeit und damit der Wirksamkeit der Bremsen erzielt. Die genannte Sicherstellung der Bremswirkung bei einem Ausfall der elektrischen Energie oder bei anderen systembedingten Störungen muss durch einen zusätzlichen, üblicherweise auf die Vorderachse wirkenden mechanisch/hydraulisch betätigten Bremskreis si- chergestellt sein.Electrohydraulic brake systems are known from the prior art, with which a wheel-specific control of the brakes is realized by electromechanically actuated plunger. This achieves a considerable improvement in the control capability and thus the effectiveness of the brakes. Said ensuring the braking effect in case of failure of the electrical energy or other systemic disturbances must be ensured by an additional, usually acting on the front axle mechanically / hydraulically operated brake circuit.
Es sind auch rein elektromechanisch betätigbare Radbremsen bekannt, die jedoch aufgrund der hohen Anforderungen an die Sicherheit der elektrischen Energieversorgung und der damit verbundenen technischen Probleme und der hohen Kosten bislang nicht ausschließlich zum Einsatz kommen. Eine Kombination von hydraulisch betätigten Bremsen an der Vorderachse mit elektromechanisch betätigten Bremsen mit integrierter Parkbremsfunktion an der Hinterachse wird auch in Erwägung gezogen.There are also purely electromechanically actuated wheel brakes known, but due to the high demands on the safety of the electrical energy supply and the associated technical problems and high costs not yet used exclusively. A combination of hydraulically operated brakes on the front axle with electromechanically actuated brakes with integrated parking brake function on the rear axle is also considered.
Elektromechanische Bremsen, die als Parkbremse genutzt werden bzw. in die eine elektromechanische Parkbremse integriert ist, bieten in dieser Funktion gegenüber üblichen, hydraulisch betätigten und über zusätzliche, rein mechanisch wirkende Betätigungssysteme gewisse Vorteile, beispielsweise einen verbesserten Bedien- komfort sowie einen geringen Platzbedarf im Fahrgastraum durch Entfall einesElectromechanical brakes, which are used as a parking brake or in which an electromechanical parking brake is integrated, offer in this function over conventional, hydraulically actuated and additional, purely mechanically acting actuation systems certain advantages, such as improved ease of use and a small footprint in the passenger compartment by omission of one
Handbremshebels.Handbrake lever.
Die unter dem Begriff „Brake by Wire" bekannten Systeme, deren Charakteristikum die Entkupplung von Betätigungs- und Übertragungseinrichtung ist und die in der Regel ebenfalls elektromechanisch betätigbare Bremsen nutzen, kommen, trotz der Vorteile, aus den erwähnten Sicherheitsbedenken bisher nur selten zum Einsatz.The known under the term "brake by wire" systems whose characteristic is the decoupling of actuation and transmission device and use the usually also electromechanically actuated brakes come, despite the advantages, from the security concerns mentioned so far only rarely used.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Hilfskraft-Bremssystem zu schaf- fen, dass bei Einhaltung der notwendigen Sicherheitsaspekte einfach und kostengünstig realisierbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide an auxiliary braking system which can be implemented simply and inexpensively while maintaining the necessary safety aspects.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Bremssystem mit den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 1 bzw. 2 gelöst.This object is achieved by a brake system with the features of claims 1 and 2, respectively.
Anspruch 1 schafft ein Bremssystem, insbesondere ein Zweikreis-Bremssystem, für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit wenigstens einem oder mehreren Bremskreisen, die jeweils wenigstens eine oder mehrere Bremsen aufweisen, die jeweils einem Rad des Fahrzeugs zugeordnet sind, wobei die Bremsen über ein Bremspedal auslösbar sind, dem ein Bremskraftverstärker zugeordnet ist, der mit dem Bremspedal inClaim 1 provides a brake system, in particular a dual-circuit brake system, for a motor vehicle, having at least one or more brake circuits, each having at least one or more brakes, each associated with a wheel of the vehicle, wherein the brakes are triggered by a brake pedal, which is associated with a brake booster, with the brake pedal in
Wirkverbindung steht, wobei jeder Bremse von zumindest einem Bremskreis oder mehreren Bremskreisen des Bremssystems jeweils ein eigener Bremskraftverstärker zugeordnet ist, die gemeinsam insbesondere gleichzeitig über das Bremspedal betätigbar sind, die aber bevorzugt hinsichtlich ihrer Bremskraftverstärkungswirkung unabhängig voneinander ansteuerbar sind.Active connection is, each brake of at least one brake circuit or more brake circuits of the brake system is assigned in each case a separate brake booster together in particular simultaneously via the brake pedal can be actuated, but are preferred in terms of their brake booster effect independently controllable.
Prinzipiell wird durch die Erfindung ein „Brake by Wire"- System geschaffen, durch das ein selektives Bremsen jedes angeschlossenen Rades möglich ist.In principle, a "brake by wire" system is created by the invention, through which a selective braking of each connected wheel is possible.
Dabei kommen bevorzugt elektrohydraulische Bremskraftverstärker zum Einsatz, die so angeordnet sind, dass die auf das Bremspedal wirkende Fußkraft auf alle Bremskraftverstärker gleichmäßig bzw. nach einer vorgegebenen Gesetzmäßigkeit aufgeteilt wird.In this case, preferably electro-hydraulic brake booster are used, which are arranged so that the force acting on the brake pedal foot force is evenly distributed to all brake booster or according to a predetermined law.
Jeder elektrohydraulische Bremskraftverstärker weist einen Aktuator auf, der mit einem elektromechanischen Antrieb versehen ist. Bei Betätigung des Bremspedals wird über den Aktuator für jede Bremse zur Einstellung des von einem Bremsre- gelsystem vorgegebenen Zustande eine Stellkraft addiert oder subtrahiert. Daneben ist eine unmittelbare Betätigung der Bremsen durch das Bremssystem ohne Fahrereinwirkung möglich.Each electro-hydraulic brake booster has an actuator which is provided with an electromechanical drive. When the brake pedal is actuated, a force is added or subtracted via the actuator for each brake to set the state predetermined by a brake control system. In addition, an immediate actuation of the brakes by the brake system without driver intervention is possible.
Auf diese Weise bleibt auch bei einem Ausfall der elektrischen Energie oder der Kommunikationsverbindung die mechanisch-hydraulische Grundfunktion derIn this way, the mechanical-hydraulic basic function of the remains even in case of failure of the electrical energy or the communication link
Bremsen gewahrt. Somit handelt es sich bei dem im Sinne der Erfindung modifizierten Bremssystem um ein „Brake-by-Wire"-System, das die höchstmögliche Ausfallsicherheit bietet.Brakes maintained. Thus, the brake system modified in the sense of the invention is a "brake-by-wire" system, which offers the highest possible reliability.
Im Regelfall ist es ausreichend, wenn die beiden Bremsen der Vorderachse desAs a rule, it is sufficient if the two brakes of the front axle of the
Kraftfahrzeuges über den beschriebenen mechanischen Durchgriff verfügen, da damit ein Bremskreis voll wirksam bleibt. Die Bremsen des zweiten Bremskreises, üblicherweise die dem Bremskreis der Hinterachse zugeordneten Bremsen, können direkt als elektromechanische Bremsen ausgebildet sein, mit einem unmittelbaren Eingriff an dem jeweiligen Rad. In diesem Fall können die elektromechanischenMotor vehicle have the described mechanical penetration, since a brake circuit remains fully effective. The brakes of the second brake circuit, usually the brakes associated with the brake circuit of the rear axle, can be configured directly as electromechanical brakes, with direct engagement with the respective wheel. In this case, the electromechanical
Bremsen der Hinterachse mit einer integrierten Parkbremsfunktion ausgestattet sein, wodurch eine maximale Funktionalität der Bremsanlage, verbunden mit einem einfachen und wenig störanfälligen Aufbau und höchstmöglicher Ausfallsicherheit erzielt wird. Das zentrale Element eines zum Einsatz kommenden Aktuators ist eine Gewindespindel, vorzugsweise eine Kugelgewindespindel, auf deren erstes Ende das mit Fußkraft betätigte Bremspedal einwirkt, während die aufgebrachte Kraft auf einen am anderen Ende der Spindel angeordneten Hauptbremszylinder übertragen wird. Eine die Gewindespindel umgreifende Spindelmutter wird über einen Elektromotor angetrieben, wodurch, je nach Drehrichtung, eine Betätigungskraft zu der vom Bremspedal eingeleiteten Kraft addiert oder subtrahiert wird. Bei einer entsprechenden Dimensionierung des elektrischen Antriebs kann der vom Bremszylinder erzeugte Betätigungsdruck im gewünschten Maße verstärkt werden.Brake the rear axle be equipped with an integrated parking brake function, whereby a maximum functionality of the brake system, combined with a simple and less prone to failure construction and highest possible reliability is achieved. The central element of an employed actuator is a threaded spindle, preferably a ball screw, on the first end of which the foot pedal operated brake pedal acts, while the applied force is transmitted to a master cylinder located at the other end of the spindle. A threaded spindle encompassing the spindle nut is driven by an electric motor, whereby, depending on the direction of rotation, an actuating force is added or subtracted to the force introduced by the brake pedal force. With a corresponding dimensioning of the electric drive, the actuation pressure generated by the brake cylinder can be increased to the desired extent.
Der Vorteil eines elektrohydraulischen Bremsverstärkers liegt darin, dass die Betätigungsenergie nicht mehr durch zusätzliche Pumpen erzeugt werden muss, sondern direkt auf elektrischem Wege bereitgestellt wird. Eine unabhängige Regelung des Bremsdrucks einzelner Räder, z.B. bei ABS-Regelvorgängen, erfolgt über zu- sätzliche Ventile und elektrisch angetriebene Hydraulikpumpen.The advantage of an electrohydraulic brake booster is that the actuation energy no longer has to be generated by additional pumps, but is provided directly by electrical means. Independent control of the brake pressure of individual wheels, e.g. In ABS control processes, additional valves and electrically driven hydraulic pumps are used.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung besteht für jedes Rad ein eigenes Spindelsystem, das einen radindividuellen Eingriff unmittelbar über den elektromotorischen Spindelantrieb ermöglicht. Erfindungsgemäß werden mindestens zwei der Spindelaktuatoren gemeinsam durch das Bremspedal betätigt, wobei die vomIn the embodiment according to the invention, there is a separate spindle system for each wheel, which enables wheel-specific engagement directly via the electromotive spindle drive. According to the invention, at least two of the spindle actuators are actuated jointly by the brake pedal, wherein the from the
Bremspedal eingeleitete Kraft in jeder Arbeitsstellung der einzelnen Spindeln im gleichen vorgegebenen Verhältnis auf die Spindeln verteilt wird. An der jeweiligen Spindel kann durch den elektrischen Antrieb individuell und bedarfsgemäß eine Stellkraft addiert oder subtrahiert werden.Brake pedal introduced force is distributed in each working position of the individual spindles in the same predetermined ratio on the spindles. At the respective spindle can be individually added and subtracted as required by the electric drive a force.
Die Erfindung schafft auch ein Bremssystem, bei dem jeder der Bremskraftverstärker einen elektromechanischen Antrieb aufweist, der eine Kugelgewindespindel umfasst, die von einer elektrisch antreibbaren Spindelmutter umgriffen ist und mit einem Hydraulikzylinder kommuniziert, über den die jeweils zugeordnete Bremse hydraulisch betätigbar ist, wobei jeder der Bremskraftverstärker derart ausgelegt ist, dass eine Bremsung allein mittels der Kugelgewindespindel auch bei Ausfall der elektrisch antreibbaren Spindelmutter eine Bremsbetätigung möglich ist. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:The invention also provides a braking system in which each of the brake booster comprises an electromechanical drive comprising a ball screw which is encompassed by an electrically driven spindle nut and communicates with a hydraulic cylinder via which the respective associated brake is hydraulically actuated, wherein each of the brake booster is designed such that a braking alone by means of the ball screw spindle even if the electrically driven spindle nut a brake actuation is possible. Embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Figuren 1 und 2 jeweils ein erfindungsgemäßes Zweikreis-Bremssystem in ver- schiedenen Modifikationen, in einer schematischen AnsichtFigures 1 and 2 each show a two-circuit brake system according to the invention in various modifications, in a schematic view
Figuren 3 und 4 eine Einzelheit des Zweikreis-Bremssystems, ebenfalls in einer schematischen Ansicht in unterschiedlichen Funktionsstellungen Figuren 5 und 6 jeweils ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer schematisch dargestellten Einzelheit.Figures 3 and 4 a detail of the two-circuit braking system, also in a schematic view in different functional positions Figures 5 and 6 each show a further embodiment of the invention with reference to a schematically illustrated detail.
In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist jeweils ein Zweikreis-Bremssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug dargestellt, mit über ein mit einem Bremskraftverstärker 5 in Wirkverbindung stehendes Bremspedal 1 auslösbaren, jeweils in ein Rad 2, 4 eingreifenden Bremsen 3, 10.FIGS. 1 and 2 each show a two-circuit brake system for a motor vehicle, with brakes 3, 10 which can be triggered via a brake pedal 1 operatively connected to a brake booster 5, each engaging in a wheel 2, 4.
Dabei ist jeder Bremse 3 zumindest eines Bremskreises, in den Ausführungsbeispielen nach Figuren 1 und 2 des vorderen Bremskreises mit den Rädern 2, ein Bremskraftverstärker 5 zugeordnet, die gleichzeitig, jedoch funktionell unabhängig voneinander über das Bremspedal 1 betätigbar sind.Each brake 3 is at least one brake circuit, assigned in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 of the front brake circuit with the wheels 2, a brake booster 5, which are simultaneously, but functionally independent of each other via the brake pedal 1 operable.
Jeder der beiden Bremskraftverstärker 5 weist einen elektrohydraulischen Aktuator auf, der mit einem elektromechanischen Antrieb versehen ist. Dieser Antriebs ist insbesondere in Form einer Kugelgewindespindel 12 ausgebildet, auf deren eines Ende das Bremspedal direkt oder über zwischengeschaltete Elemente einwirkt, die von einer elektrisch antreibbaren Spindelmutter 11 umgriffen ist (Figur 3) und die mit ihrem anderen Ende mit einem Hydraulikzylinder 6 kommuniziert, über den die jeweils zugeordnete Bremse 3 hydraulisch betätigbar ist. Die Ansteuerung erfolgt vorzugsweise über ein übergeordnetes Steuergerät des Fahrzeugs bzw. des Bremssystems, so z.B. über ein EBS- oder ein ABS-Steuergerät, das mit den Bremskraftverstärkern verbunden ist (hier nicht dargestellt).Each of the two brake booster 5 has an electro-hydraulic actuator, which is provided with an electromechanical drive. This drive is designed in particular in the form of a ball screw 12, on one end of the brake pedal acts directly or via intermediate elements, which is encompassed by an electrically driven spindle nut 11 (Figure 3) and communicates with its other end with a hydraulic cylinder 6, via the respective assigned brake 3 is hydraulically actuated. The control is preferably carried out via a higher-level control device of the vehicle or the brake system, such. via an EBS or an ABS control unit, which is connected to the brake booster (not shown here).
Dabei ist jeder der Bremskraftverstärker derart ausgelegt, dass mittels der Kugelgewindespindel 12 auch bei Ausfall der elektrisch antreibbaren Spindelmutter 11 über die Kugelgewindespindel 12, die bei Betätigung des Bremspedals in der Spin- delmutter 12 verdreht wird, eine Bremsetätigung allein über das Bremspedal 1 möglich ist. Eine direkte Einwirkung des Bremspedals an der Kugelgewindespindel 1 1 vorbei auf die Hydraulik wird nicht bevorzugt, ist aber denkbar.In this case, each of the brake booster is designed such that by means of the ball screw 12 even in case of failure of the electrically driven spindle nut 11 via the ball screw 12, which upon actuation of the brake pedal in the spin delmutter 12 is twisted, a brake operation alone on the brake pedal 1 is possible. A direct action of the brake pedal on the ball screw 1 1 over to the hydraulic system is not preferred, but is conceivable.
Diese Bremskraftverstärker sind damit also jeweils derart ausgelegt, dass mittels der Kugelgewindespindel 12 auch bei Ausfall der elektrisch antreibbaren Spindelmutter 11 nach wie vor eine Betätigung über das Bremspedal 1 möglich ist, indem ein Druck im Hydraulikzylinder aufgebaut wird.Thus, these brake booster are thus each designed so that by means of the ball screw spindle 12 even in case of failure of the electrically driven spindle nut 11 is still an operation on the brake pedal 1 is possible by a pressure in the hydraulic cylinder is constructed.
Bei dem in der Figur 1 gezeigten Beispiel ist der zweite Bremskreis zur Abbremsung der hinteren Räder 4 ebenfalls mit elektrohydraulsischen Aktuatoren 5 nach Art der Fig. 3 versehen, die elektromechanische Antriebe 5 aufweisen, die über eine elektrische Leitung 9 mit dem Bremspedal 1 in Wirkverbindung stehen. Dabei erfolgt die Bremsung über hydraulisch betätigbare Bremsen 3, ebenso wie die Bremsen 3 des vorderen Bremskreises.In the example shown in FIG. 1, the second brake circuit for braking the rear wheels 4 is likewise provided with electrohydraulic actuators 5 of the type shown in FIG. 3, which have electromechanical drives 5 which are in operative connection with the brake pedal 1 via an electrical line 9 , The braking is done via hydraulically actuated brakes 3, as well as the brakes 3 of the front brake circuit.
Über eine Sensorik 8 werden radindividuelle Bedingungen an die Bremskraftver- stärker 5 zur individuellen Betätigung des elektromechanischen Antriebs des jeweiligen Bremsverstärkers 5 gegeben.By means of a sensor 8, wheel-specific conditions are given to the brake force amplifiers 5 for the individual actuation of the electromechanical drive of the respective brake booster 5.
Im Unterschied zum Beispiel nach Figur 1 erfolgt die Betriebs- und die Parkbremsung der hinteren Räder 4 bei dem in Figur 2 gezeigten Beispiel jeweils durch eine elektromechanisch betätigte Bremse 10, die mit dem Bremspedal 1 über die elektrische Leitung 9 in Verbindung stehen. Diese Ausführung ist kostengünstig und funktional besonders vorteilhaft, da sie die Vorteile einer hydraulischen Bremsanlage quasi mit den Vorteilen einer elektromechanischen Bremsanlage kombiniert.In contrast to the example of Figure 1, the operation and the parking brake of the rear wheels 4 takes place in the example shown in Figure 2 each by an electromechanically actuated brake 10, which are in communication with the brake pedal 1 via the electrical line 9. This design is inexpensive and functional particularly advantageous because it combines the advantages of a hydraulic brake system with the quasi-advantages of an electro-mechanical brake system.
Die Einzelheit der Figuren 3 und 4 zeigt jeweils ein Kraftverteilungssystem, bei dem der Betätigungshebel des Bremspedals 1 über einen angeschlossenen Waage- balken 13 die Kraft auf die beiden Spindeln überträgt. Der Waagebalken 13 ist dabei so gestaltet, dass auch bei einer ungleichen Hubposition der Spindeln 13 auf beide Spindeln die gleiche Kraft eingeleitet wird. Auf diese Weise ist ein Bremssystem geschaffen, bei dem der radindividuelle Bremseingriff an allen angeschlossenen Rädern unmittelbar durch den elektromechanischen Bremsenaktuator mög- lieh ist. Bei Ausfall der Energieversorgung kann mindestens ein Bremskreis, im vorliegenden Beispiel der vordere, durch Fußkraft so betätigt werden, dass die geforderte Bremsenfunktion gegeben ist.The detail of Figures 3 and 4 each show a force distribution system in which the operating lever of the brake pedal 1 via a connected balance beam 13 transmits the force to the two spindles. The balance beam 13 is designed so that even with an unequal stroke position of the spindles 13 on both spindles, the same force is introduced. In this way, a brake system is provided in which the wheel-individual braking intervention on all connected wheels directly through the electromechanical brake actuator possible. is lent. In case of failure of the power supply, at least one brake circuit, in the present example, the front, are operated by foot force so that the required brake function is given.
In der Figur 3 sind die Bremskraftverstärker 5 in Ruheposition dargestellt, während in der Figur 4 eine Stellung erkennbar ist, in der ein radindividueller Eingriff erfolgt, wobei die Spindeln 12 unterschiedliche axiale Positionen einnehmen.In the figure 3, the brake booster 5 are shown in the rest position, while in Figure 4, a position can be seen, in which a wheel-individual engagement takes place, wherein the spindles 12 occupy different axial positions.
In den Figuren 5 und 6 ist eine hydraulische Kraftverteilung erkennbar, bei der der Hebel des Bremspedals 1 auf einen Hydraulikkolben 15 einwirkt, dessen Druck auf zwei, auf die zugeordneten Enden der Spindeln 12 aufgesetzte Kolben 16 geleitet wird.FIGS. 5 and 6 show a hydraulic force distribution in which the lever of the brake pedal 1 acts on a hydraulic piston 15, the pressure of which is directed to two pistons 16 attached to the associated ends of the spindles 12.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, entsprechend der Figur 6, wird die notwendige Fuß-Betätigungskraft durch eine Entlastungsfeder reduziert. Hierbei wird der Effekt ausgenutzt, dass ein Bremssattel bei Betätigung federelastisch aufgespreizt und bei einem Lösen der Bremse die Spreizkraft wieder frei wird. Bei geeigneter Anordnung der Feder 17 kann die zur Betätigung notwendige Fußkraft wirksam reduziert werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, corresponding to the figure 6, the necessary foot actuation force is reduced by a relief spring. Here, the effect is exploited that a brake caliper spread resiliently when actuated and the release force is released again when releasing the brake. With a suitable arrangement of the spring 17, the foot force necessary for the operation can be effectively reduced.
Besonders vorteilhaft stellt sich eine Ausbildung dar, bei der die elektrohydrauli- schen Aktuatoren mit zugehörigen Plungern von gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Entlastungsfedern und den notwendigen elektrischen und elektronischen Komponenten, wie z.B. Sollwertgebern oder dergleichen, mit dem Bremspedal 1 zu einer Baueinheit als Pedalmodul zusammengefasst sind. Particularly advantageous is an embodiment in which the electrohydraulic actuators with associated plungers of optional relief springs and the necessary electrical and electronic components, such. Setpoint generators or the like, are summarized with the brake pedal 1 to a unit as a pedal module.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Hilfskraft-Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis- Hilfskraft-Bremssystem, für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit1. auxiliary power brake system, in particular two-circuit power brake system, for a motor vehicle, with
5 a. wenigstens einem oder mehreren Bremskreisen, die jeweils wenigstens eine oder mehrere Bremsen (3) aufweisen, die jeweils einem Rad (2, 4) des Fahrzeugs zugeordnet sind, b. wobei die Bremsen (3) über ein Bremspedal (1) auslösbar sind, dem ein Bremskraftverstärker (5) zugeordnet ist, der mit dem Bremspedal (1) in 0 Wirkverbindung steht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass c. jeder Bremse (3) von zumindest einem Bremskreis des Bremssystems jeweils ein eigener Bremskraftverstärker (5) zugeordnet ist, die gemeinsam über das Bremspedal (1) betätigbar sind. 55 a. at least one or more brake circuits, each having at least one or more brakes (3), each associated with a wheel (2, 4) of the vehicle, b. wherein the brakes (3) via a brake pedal (1) are triggered, which is associated with a brake booster (5), which is in operative connection with the brake pedal (1), characterized in that c. Each brake (3) of at least one brake circuit of the brake system is associated with its own brake booster (5), which can be actuated jointly via the brake pedal (1). 5
2. Bremssystem nach Anspruch 1 oder nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bremskraftverstärker (5) hinsichtlich ihrer Bremskraftverstärkungswirkung unabhängig voneinander ansteuerbar sind.2. Brake system according to claim 1 or according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the brake booster (5) are independently controllable in terms of their brake booster effect.
10 3. Bremssystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 oder nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Bremskraftverstärker (5) einen elektromechanischen Antrieb aufweist, der eine Kugelgewindespindel (12) umfasst, die von einer elektrisch antreibbaren Spindelmutter (11) umgriffen ist und mit einem Hydraulikzylinder (6) kommuniziert, über den die je-10 3. Brake system according to claim 1 or 2 or according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that each brake booster (5) comprises an electromechanical drive comprising a ball screw (12) which is encompassed by an electrically driven spindle nut (11) and communicates with a hydraulic cylinder (6) via which the respective
£5 weils zugeordnete Bremse (3) hydraulisch betätigbar ist, wobei jeder der£ 5 because the associated brake (3) is hydraulically actuable, with each of the
Bremskraftverstärker derart ausgelegt ist, dass eine Bremsung allein mittels der Kugelgewindespindel (12) auch bei Ausfall der elektrisch antreibbaren Spindelmutter (11) über das Bremspedal (1) möglich ist.Brake booster is designed such that braking alone by means of the ball screw (12) even in case of failure of the electrically driven spindle nut (11) via the brake pedal (1) is possible.
50 4. Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis-Bremssystem, nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder50 4. brake system, in particular two-circuit braking system according to claim 1, 2 or
3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Bremskraftverstärker (5) einen elekt- rohydraulischen Aktuator aufweist. 3, characterized in that each brake booster (5) has an electro-hydraulic actuator.
5. Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis-Bremssystem, nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstellung der Bremsen (3) bei gleichmäßig oder vorbestimmt differenziert aufgebrachter Pedalkraft radindividuell erfolgt.5. brake system, in particular two-circuit brake system, according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the adjustment of the brakes (3) takes place individually or predetermined differentiated applied pedal force wheel individually.
6. Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis-Bremssystem, nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein den Vorderrädern6. brake system, in particular two-circuit brake system, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the front wheels
(2) des Kraftfahrzeuges zugeordneter Bremskreis über die elektrohydrauli- schen Bremskraftverstärker (5) betreibbar ist und dass Bremsen der Hinterrä- der des Fahrzeugs über elektromechanische Bremsen abbremsbar sind.(2) of the motor vehicle associated brake circuit via the electrohydraulic brake booster (5) is operable and that brakes of the rear wheels of the vehicle via electromechanical brakes are braked.
7. Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis-Bremssystem, nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei Einsatz der elekt- romechanischen Bremsen im hinteren Bremskreis diese als elektromechani- sehe Parkbremsen nutzbar sind.7. brake system, in particular two-circuit brake system, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when using the electro-mechanical brakes in the rear brake circuit they are available as elektromechani- see parking brakes.
8. Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis-Bremssystem, nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den zwei Bremsen8. brake system, in particular two-circuit braking system, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two brakes
(3) zugeordneten Bremskraftverstärker (5) über einen Waagebalken (13) mit- einander gekoppelt sind, an dem das Bremspedal (1) angeschlossen ist.(3) associated brake booster (5) via a balance beam (13) are coupled to each other, to which the brake pedal (1) is connected.
9. Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis-Bremssystem, nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fußpedal (1) mit einem Hydraulikkolben (15) in Verbindung steht, durch den über angeschlos- sene Kolben ( 16) die Spindeln ( 12) des Aktuators betätigbar sind.9. brake system, in particular two-circuit brake system, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foot pedal (1) with a hydraulic piston (15) is in communication through the connected via piston (16) the spindles (12) of Actuators are actuated.
10. Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis-Bremssystem, nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Bremspedal (1) an eine Entlastungsfeder (17) angeschlossen ist.10. brake system, in particular two-circuit brake system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake pedal (1) to a discharge spring (17) is connected.
1 1. Bremssystem, insbesondere Zweikreis-Bremssystem, nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrohydrauli- schen Aktuatoren, zugehörige Plunger, elektronische Komponenten, wie Soll- wertgeber oder dergleichen und gegebenenfalls die Entlastungsfeder (17) mit dem Bremspedal (1) zu einer Baueinheit zusammengefasst sind. 1 1. Brake system, in particular two-circuit brake system, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electro-hydraulic actuators, associated plunger, electronic components, such as value transmitter or the like and optionally the relief spring (17) are combined with the brake pedal (1) to form a structural unit.
EP08735296A 2007-04-25 2008-04-17 Power brake system for a motor vehicle Ceased EP2142405A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102007019441A DE102007019441A1 (en) 2007-04-25 2007-04-25 Auxiliary power brake system for a motor vehicle
PCT/EP2008/003069 WO2008131865A1 (en) 2007-04-25 2008-04-17 Power brake system for a motor vehicle

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DE102007019441A1 (en) 2008-10-30

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