EP2138374A2 - Method for determining a variable state of a goods vehicle, telematics device and goods vehicle - Google Patents

Method for determining a variable state of a goods vehicle, telematics device and goods vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2138374A2
EP2138374A2 EP09163486A EP09163486A EP2138374A2 EP 2138374 A2 EP2138374 A2 EP 2138374A2 EP 09163486 A EP09163486 A EP 09163486A EP 09163486 A EP09163486 A EP 09163486A EP 2138374 A2 EP2138374 A2 EP 2138374A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
freight car
state variable
radio signal
freight
determined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09163486A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2138374A3 (en
EP2138374B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Windolf
Peter Dr. Faubel
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2138374A2 publication Critical patent/EP2138374A2/en
Publication of EP2138374A3 publication Critical patent/EP2138374A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2138374B1 publication Critical patent/EP2138374B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/50—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades
    • B61L27/57—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades for vehicles or trains, e.g. trackside supervision of train conditions

Definitions

  • a telematic device which is mounted on the respective freight cars.
  • a telematic device comprises a transmission device which serves for data transmission from the freight car via a mobile radio network to the center.
  • SMS Short Message Service
  • a telematics device may also have other components, such as a satellite tracking device, which allows the telematics device to determine its own position and thus also the position of the freight car precisely.
  • a transmission of this information to the headquarters allows, for example, a monitoring of the whereabouts and the path of the freight car.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a particularly simple and at the same time powerful method for determining a state variable of a freight car of the track-guided traffic.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a method for determining a state variable of a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic, in which a radio signal is emitted by a transmitter mounted in or on the freight wagon, the radio signal is received by a receiver that is part of a telematics device of the freight wagon, and at least one characteristic of the received radio signal is determined, and from the determined at least one parameter, the state variable is determined.
  • the method according to the invention is advantageous because it makes it possible to dispense with special sensors for determining the state variable.
  • a radio signal emitted by a transmitter mounted in or on the freight car is advantageously received by a receiver which is part of a telematics device of the freight car.
  • the receiving side ie by the telematic device, it is now possible to determine from the received radio signal at least one characteristic of this signal as well as to determine from this determined at least one parameter the state variable.
  • the method according to the invention offers considerable advantages.
  • the method according to the invention has the fundamental advantage that only one transmitter is required, ie, a separate sensor advantageously omitted. Moreover, due to the reduction of the components required to determine the state size of the freight car, the method according to the invention is particularly robust and reliable, since the risk of damaging components used for determining the state variable is considerably reduced due to the simplification of the arrangement.
  • the frequency of the radio signal used in the context of the method according to the invention is advantageously chosen as a function of the respective requirements and boundary conditions.
  • the frequency may be in the UHF (ultra-high frequency) range, i. approximately in the range between 300 MHz and 3 GHz.
  • At least the signal strength is determined as a parameter of the received radio signal. This is advantageous because the signal strength is an easily identifiable parameter which is particularly sensitive to changes in the state of the freight wagon.
  • the method according to the invention is configured in such a way that the state variable is determined using at least one known threshold of the at least one characteristic and / or of known reference values of the at least one characteristic dependent on the value of the respective state variable.
  • the method according to the invention is embodied such that a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal is emitted by the transmitter.
  • a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal is emitted by the transmitter.
  • the radio signal is preferably coded in such a way that a clear identification of the transmitter is made possible for the receiver or the telematics device. This avoids, on the one hand, that the telematics device receives and evaluates radio signals from transmitters of neighboring goods wagons and relates the ascertained state variable to the wagon in or on which it is mounted.
  • a coding of the radio signal also allows in such cases, in which several transmitters are mounted in or on the freight car, each emitting a radio signal, on the part of the telematics device, a reliable distinction of the received radio signals. This makes it possible, for example, to determine a plurality of different state variables of the freight wagon using a plurality of transmitters but a single receiver and a single telematics device.
  • the inventive method can also be configured such that a failure of the transmitter is detected at the receiving end based on a lack of presence signal.
  • a failure of the transmitter is detected at the receiving end based on a lack of presence signal.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to determine any state variables.
  • the only prerequisite here is that different values of the state variable too lead to a difference sufficient difference of the used characteristic of the received radio signal. This can be done, for example, by a greater attenuation of the radio signal occurring in one state than in the other state.
  • a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon is determined. This is advantageous because there is often a need in the context of telematics solutions to automatically determine the loading state of rail freight cars.
  • Said preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is based on the fact that even in the loaded state of the freight wagon a, albeit generally weaker, radio signal of the transmitter can be received by the receiver. This makes it possible to distinguish the loaded state of the freight car from a failure of the transmitter, since in the latter case, the radio signal is completely eliminated.
  • the distance between the transmitter and the telematics device or the receiver remains unchanged regardless of the loading state of the freight car and the transmitted field strength of the transmitter used is also assumed to be substantially constant, for example, the signal strength or received field strength received by the receiver, in Essentially of possibly located in the transmission objects. Since the load of a freight car typically causes a transmission damping or absorbs the radio signal, the preferred development of the method according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to automatically detect the loading state of the freight car.
  • a state variable indicating the position of an object in particular the position of a lever or the position of a rod, is determined. Also for the purpose of determining the position of an object, the method is particularly simple and inexpensive to use. For example, the costs of laying cables are saved, with corresponding cables would also be subject to a considerable risk of damage.
  • the object In order to be able to determine the position of the object, it is advantageous for the object to be monitored, i.
  • a damping element or damping material by which a weakening or damping of the radio signal is effected.
  • a suitable transmitting antenna can be used on the transmitting side, the emission direction of which points, for example, essentially in the direction of a damping plate.
  • an unwanted lateral radiation if necessary, can be additionally reduced by a shield further, for example, to make as large as possible the effect resulting from different lever positions in the characteristic.
  • damping material used be designed so that in the frequency range of the transmitter used a pronounced attenuation of the radio signal arises.
  • the transmitter is mounted on the object to be monitored itself.
  • the position of the object is detected by the fact that the radio signal impinges on differently reflecting or attenuating materials as a result of the orientation of the emission direction being different depending on the position of the object and a different signal strength is thereby determined, for example, at the receiver of the telematics device.
  • the installation of the transmitter and / or a damping element takes place in such a way that a condition regarded as unimportant or as comparatively unsafe causes a lower received signal.
  • This offers the advantage that a manipulation attempt by switching off or shading the transmitter or receiver does not lead to a safety-critical state.
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously also be so pronounced that a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon is determined.
  • a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon is determined since, for example, the reception field strength of the radio signal depends on obstacles located in the transmission path. For example, if the door is a metal door acts, it causes a strong attenuation of the received signal.
  • the frequency of the radio signal used in the UHF range and is chosen so that even a small opening of the door or the doors allows a significant leakage of the radio signal from the freight car.
  • the transmitter is advantageously disposed within the freight car.
  • the present invention further relates to a telematic device.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a telematics device which supports a particularly simple and at the same time powerful method for determining a state variable of a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic.
  • a telematics device for a freight car of the track-guided traffic with a receiver for receiving a radio signal and means for determining at least one parameter for the radio signal received by the receiver and for determining a state variable of the freight car from the determined at least one parameter.
  • the telematics device according to the invention makes it possible in particular to determine a state variable of the freight wagon without a separate sensor, ie sensor-free.
  • the device of the telematics device according to the invention is designed to determine at least the signal strength as a parameter of the radio signal.
  • the telematics device is embodied such that the device for determining the state variable is formed using a known threshold of the at least one characteristic and / or known reference values of the at least one characteristic dependent on the value of the respective state variable.
  • the telematics device according to the invention may also be so pronounced that the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon.
  • the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod.
  • the telematics device according to the invention may advantageously also be developed in such a way that the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon.
  • the telematics device according to the invention is designed for processing radio signals which are received by different transmitters.
  • the determination of the state variable or the determination of several state variables takes place by means of several transmitters.
  • the present invention further includes a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic with a telematics device according to the invention or with a telematic device according to one of the preferred developments of the telematics device according to the invention described above.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is designed such that it has at least one transmitter for emitting the radio signal.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is so pronounced that the transmitter is designed to emit a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention can advantageously also be designed such that the device for detecting a failure of the transmitter is formed on the basis of a lack of the presence signal.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is designed such that the freight wagon a damping element which is arranged such that different positions of an object, in particular different positions of a lever or different positions of a push rod, lead to distinguishable values of the at least one characteristic.
  • the damping element can advantageously be attached to any component of the freight wagon, including the object itself.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is developed such that the transmitter is mounted on or in the freight wagon such that a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon can be determined.
  • the transmitter is mounted on or in the goods wagon such that a state variable indicating the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod, can be determined.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is also designed such that the telematics device determines or accepts a safety-critical value of the state variable in the event of an error.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sketch of a first embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state.
  • a goods wagon G in the form of a container wagon or car transport wagon is shown.
  • the freight car G sunk at a suitable position in the loading area transmitters S1 and S2.
  • the position of the transmitter S1, S2 is selected such that they are each under an optionally existing container or vehicle.
  • the goods wagon G has a telematics device T with a receiver E and a device EINR.
  • the transmitters S1 and S2 respectively transmit radio signals F1, F2 in the form of a cyclic presence signal.
  • the radio signals F1, F2 are coded such that they can be assigned to the respective transmitters S1 and S2, respectively, so that the position from which the respective radio signal F1, F2 is emitted is known.
  • the transmitted radio signals F1 and F2 are received by a receiver E, which is part of the telematics device T of the freight car G.
  • the receiver E is connected to a device EINR which is designed to determine at least one parameter for the radio signal F1 or F2 received by the receiver E and to determine a state variable of the freight car G from the respectively determined at least one characteristic variable.
  • the device for determining the signal strength is designed as a respective parameter of the radio signals F1, F2.
  • the device EINR of the telematics device T is thus able to indicate the loading state of the freight wagon G or a state of load of the freight wagon G indicating state variable determine. This can be done, for example, by comparing the respectively received signal strength or received field strength with previously determined reference values for a loaded and an unloaded freight wagon. Based on a corresponding comparison is now recognized that the freight car G in the in FIG. 1 darg Homelanden situation is in the unloaded state.
  • This information can now be transmitted, for example, from the telematics device T via a mobile radio network, for example by SMS, to a control center or monitoring or control device.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a schematic sketch the freight car of FIG. 1 in the loaded condition.
  • the freight car G here is loaded with two containers C1 and C2.
  • the metal container C1, C2 is according to the representation of the FIG. 2 prevents a direct transmission of the radio signal F1 or F2 from the transmitters S1, S2 to the receiver E of the telematics device T substantially.
  • This has the consequence that the transmission of the radio signals F1 and F2 essentially by reflections to the environment, in particular to components of the freight car G and the containers C1, C2, takes place.
  • This is associated with a significantly changed signal strength or reception field strength, which is registered by the receiver E.
  • this may even be higher than in the unloaded state of the freight car G, as by a suitable reflection of the radio signals F1 and F2 to the containers C1, C2 or to the freight car G in principle, a gain of the receiver E received radio signal is possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic sketch of a second embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state.
  • a freight car G in the form of a bulk freight car.
  • the mounting of a transmitter S on a side wall of the freight car G is particularly suitable.
  • a corresponding transmitter S for example, sunk in a groove can be mounted.
  • the radio signal F of the transmitter in FIG. 3 merely indicated as a signal, a plurality of transmitters may alternatively be provided instead of the transmitter S. This makes it possible to obtain a statement about the approximate degree of filling of the freight car G due to a different mounting height of the corresponding transmitter.
  • the device EINR from the signal strength of the received radio signal F that the freight car G is empty, ie unloaded.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a schematic sketch the freight car of FIG. 3 in the loaded condition.
  • the loading of the freight wagon G in the form of the bulk goods wagon can be detected by the telematics device T by the device EINR on the basis of a correspondingly stronger damping of the received radio signal F. If several transmitters S in different Height are mounted, then the degree of filling of the freight car G can be determined by the telematics device T by an evaluation of the coded, that is, in particular the respective transmitter identifying, radio signals. A corresponding provision would be in the embodiment of FIG. 4 come to the conclusion that the freight car G is completely filled.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic sketch of a third embodiment of the freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state.
  • a freight car G in the form of a closed freight car.
  • a closed freight wagon is particularly suitable as the mounting location of the transmitter S the ceiling of the freight car G in the interior, since the risk of damage from the load or during the loading process by loading equipment is comparatively low.
  • FIG. 6 shows the freight car of FIG. 5 in the loaded condition.
  • a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight car G can be determined.
  • a state variable indicating the position of an object for example the position of a lever or the position of a push rod, is to be determined.
  • the position of the transmitter is to be selected depending on the specific circumstances.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic sketch of a fourth embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in a state with the door open. Due to the opening of the door, a radio signal F emitted by the transmitter S in the form of a cyclic presence signal can pass unhindered to the outside. As a result, the signal strength received by the receiver E of the telematics device or the telematics box T is comparatively high. This makes it possible to recognize the part of the telematics device T, the door of the freight car G as open.
  • FIG. 8 shows the freight car of FIG. 7 in a condition with the door closed.
  • the radio signal F largely shielded in the form of the presence signal through the metal doors of the freight car G.
  • the radio signal F can penetrate only through small cracks or holes or possibly through the wooden floor assembly of the freight car G to the outside and are received there by the receiver E of the telematics device T.
  • the received by the telematics device T and the receiver E signal strength is comparatively low, from which it can be concluded that the freight car G is in a state in which the door is closed.
  • different state variables of the freight car can be determined using a single telematics device with a single receiver.
  • the radio signals that are emitted by the respective transmitters advantageously encoded so that the telematic device T an identification of the transmitting transmitter and thus also based on the respective received signal to be determined state variable is made possible.
  • the radio signal of a transmitter can be used to determine several state variables. However, a prerequisite in this case is that all possible combinations of values of the state variables can be determined from the at least one characteristic of the received radio signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves sending a radio signal (F1,F2) from a transmitter (S1,S2) attached in or at the goods wagon (G). The radio signal is received from a receiver (E), which is a component of telematic equipment (T) of the goods wagon. The characteristic of the received radio signal is determined and characteristic of the variable of state is determined. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) a telematic equipment for goods wagon in traffic; and (2) a goods wagon.

Description

Im Rahmen des Betriebs von Güterwagen besteht häufig die Anforderung, eine Zustandsgröße oder mehrere Zustandsgrößen eines Güterwagens des spurgeführten Verkehrs automatisch zu ermitteln. So ermöglicht es die Übertragung entsprechender Zustandsgrößen von dem Güterwagen an eine Zentrale, den Zustand sowie gegebenenfalls die Funktionsfähigkeit des Güterwagens zu überwachen. Für eine entsprechende Übertragung wird seitens des Güterwagens üblicherweise ein Telematikgerät eingesetzt, das an dem jeweiligen Güterwagen montiert ist. Üblicherweise umfasst ein solches Telematikgerät eine Übertragungseinrichtung, die zur Datenübertragung von dem Güterwagen über ein Mobilfunknetz an die Zentrale dient. Eine solche Datenübertragung kann hierbei beispielsweise mittels SMS (Short Message Service) erfolgen. Darüber hinaus kann ein Telematikgerät auch weitere Komponenten aufweisen, wie beispielsweise ein Satellitenortungsgerät, welches es dem Telematikgerät ermöglicht, seine eigene Position und damit auch die Position des Güterwagens präzise zu ermitteln. Eine Übertragung dieser Information an die Zentrale ermöglicht beispielsweise eine Überwachung des Aufenthaltsortes sowie des Laufweges des Güterwagens.In the context of the operation of freight wagons, there is often the requirement to automatically determine a state variable or a plurality of state variables of a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic. Thus, the transmission of corresponding state variables from the freight wagon to a central station makes it possible to monitor the condition and, if appropriate, the functional capability of the freight wagon. For a corresponding transmission of the freight car usually a telematic device is used, which is mounted on the respective freight cars. Typically, such a telematic device comprises a transmission device which serves for data transmission from the freight car via a mobile radio network to the center. Such a data transmission can take place, for example, by means of SMS (Short Message Service). In addition, a telematics device may also have other components, such as a satellite tracking device, which allows the telematics device to determine its own position and thus also the position of the freight car precisely. A transmission of this information to the headquarters allows, for example, a monitoring of the whereabouts and the path of the freight car.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein besonders einfaches und zugleich leistungsfähiges Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Zustandsgröße eines Güterwagens des spurgeführten Verkehrs anzugeben.The present invention has for its object to provide a particularly simple and at the same time powerful method for determining a state variable of a freight car of the track-guided traffic.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Zustandsgröße eines Güterwagens des spurgeführten Verkehrs, bei dem ein Funksignal von einem in oder an dem Güterwagen angebrachten Sender ausgesendet wird, das Funksignal von einem Empfänger empfangen wird, der Bestandteil eines Telematikgerätes des Güterwagens ist, und zumindest eine Kenngröße des empfangenen Funksignals ermittelt sowie aus der ermittelten zumindest einen Kenngröße die Zustandsgröße bestimmt wird.The object is achieved according to the invention by a method for determining a state variable of a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic, in which a radio signal is emitted by a transmitter mounted in or on the freight wagon, the radio signal is received by a receiver that is part of a telematics device of the freight wagon, and at least one characteristic of the received radio signal is determined, and from the determined at least one parameter, the state variable is determined.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist vorteilhaft, da es einen Verzicht auf spezielle Sensoren zum Bestimmen der Zustandsgröße ermöglicht. So wird ein von einem in oder an dem Güterwagen angebrachten Sender ausgesendetes Funksignal vorteilhafterweise von einem Empfänger empfangen, der Bestandteil eines Telematikgerätes des Güterwagens ist. Empfangsseitig, d.h. seitens des Telematikgerätes, ist es nun möglich, aus dem empfangenen Funksignal zumindest eine Kenngröße dieses Signals zu ermitteln sowie aus dieser ermittelten zumindest einen Kenngröße die Zustandsgröße zu bestimmen. Gegenüber einer denkbaren Anordnung, bei der eine Zustandsgröße durch einen in oder an dem Güterwagen angebrachten Sensor bestimmt wird und die entsprechende Information anschließend drahtlos oder drahtgebunden von dem Sensor an das Telematikgerät übermittelt wird, bietet das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erhebliche Vorteile. So ist eine in der Regel mit erheblichen Kosten verbundene Verlegung von Kabeln, die darüber hinaus vandalismusgefährdet sind und deshalb üblicherweise in geeigneten Schutzrohren zu verlegen sind, nicht erforderlich. Im Vergleich zu einer drahtlosen Übertragung der Zustandsgröße von einem Sensor an das Telematikgerät weist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren den grundlegenden Vorteil auf, dass lediglich ein Sender erforderlich ist, d.h. auf einen separaten Sensor wird vorteilhafterweise verzichtet. Aufgrund der Reduzierung der zur Bestimmung der Zustandsgröße des Güterwagens erforderlichen Komponenten ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren darüber hinaus besonders robust und zuverlässig, da die Gefahr der Beschädigung von für die Bestimmung der Zustandsgröße verwendeten Komponenten aufgrund der Vereinfachung der Anordnung erheblich reduziert wird.The method according to the invention is advantageous because it makes it possible to dispense with special sensors for determining the state variable. Thus, a radio signal emitted by a transmitter mounted in or on the freight car is advantageously received by a receiver which is part of a telematics device of the freight car. On the receiving side, ie by the telematic device, it is now possible to determine from the received radio signal at least one characteristic of this signal as well as to determine from this determined at least one parameter the state variable. Compared with a conceivable arrangement in which a state variable is determined by a sensor mounted in or on the freight wagon and the corresponding information is then transmitted wirelessly or by wire from the sensor to the telematics device, the method according to the invention offers considerable advantages. So is a usually associated with considerable costs laying of cables that are also vulnerable to vandalism and therefore usually are to be installed in appropriate thermowells, not required. Compared to a wireless transmission of the state variable from a sensor to the telematics device, the method according to the invention has the fundamental advantage that only one transmitter is required, ie, a separate sensor advantageously omitted. Moreover, due to the reduction of the components required to determine the state size of the freight car, the method according to the invention is particularly robust and reliable, since the risk of damaging components used for determining the state variable is considerably reduced due to the simplification of the arrangement.

Die Frequenz des im Rahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens verwendeten Funksignals wird vorteilhafterweise in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Anforderungen und Randbedingungen gewählt. So kann die Frequenz beispielsweise im UHF (Ultrahochfrequenz)-Bereich, d.h. etwa im Bereich zwischen 300 MHz und 3 GHz, liegen.The frequency of the radio signal used in the context of the method according to the invention is advantageously chosen as a function of the respective requirements and boundary conditions. For example, the frequency may be in the UHF (ultra-high frequency) range, i. approximately in the range between 300 MHz and 3 GHz.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zumindest die Signalstärke als Kenngröße des empfangenen Funksignals ermittelt. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da es sich bei der Signalstärke um eine einfach zu ermittelnde und auf Änderungen des Zustandes des Güterwagens besonders sensitive Kenngröße handelt.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least the signal strength is determined as a parameter of the received radio signal. This is advantageous because the signal strength is an easily identifiable parameter which is particularly sensitive to changes in the state of the freight wagon.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren derart ausgestaltet, dass die Zustandsgröße unter Verwendung zumindest eines bekannten Schwellenwertes der zumindest einen Kenngröße und/oder von bekannten, von dem Wert der jeweiligen Zustandsgröße abhängigen Referenzwerten der zumindest einen Kenngröße bestimmt wird. Hierbei handelt es sich um besonders einfache Vorgehensweisen, um aus der ermittelten zumindest einen Kenngröße die Zustandsgröße zu bestimmen.In a further preferred embodiment, the method according to the invention is configured in such a way that the state variable is determined using at least one known threshold of the at least one characteristic and / or of known reference values of the at least one characteristic dependent on the value of the respective state variable. These are particularly simple procedures for determining the state variable from the determined at least one characteristic.

Vorzugsweise ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren derart ausgeführt, dass von dem Sender ein Funksignal in Form eines zyklischen Präsenzsignals ausgesendet wird. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass eine zyklische Aussendung des Funksignals die Bestimmung der Zustandsgröße seitens des Telematikgerätes in regelmäßigen zeitlichen Abständen ermöglicht. Vorzugsweise ist das Funksignal hierbei derart kodiert, dass dem Empfänger beziehungsweise dem Telematikgerät eine eindeutige Identifizierung des Senders ermöglicht wird. Hierdurch wird einerseits vermieden, dass das Telematikgerät Funksignale von Sendern benachbarter Güterwagen empfängt, auswertet und die ermittelte Zustandsgröße auf den Güterwagen bezieht, in oder an dem es angebracht ist. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht eine Kodierung des Funksignals auch in solchen Fällen, in denen mehrere Sender in oder an dem Güterwagen angebracht sind, die jeweils ein Funksignal aussenden, seitens des Telematikgerätes eine zuverlässige Unterscheidung der empfangenen Funksignale. Hierdurch wird es beispielsweise ermöglicht, mehrere, unterschiedliche Zustandsgrößen des Güterwagens unter Verwendung mehrerer Sender aber eines einzigen Empfängers sowie eines einzigen Telematikgerätes zu bestimmen.Preferably, the method according to the invention is embodied such that a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal is emitted by the transmitter. This offers the advantage that a cyclical transmission of the radio signal makes it possible to determine the state variable on the part of the telematics device at regular time intervals. In this case, the radio signal is preferably coded in such a way that a clear identification of the transmitter is made possible for the receiver or the telematics device. This avoids, on the one hand, that the telematics device receives and evaluates radio signals from transmitters of neighboring goods wagons and relates the ascertained state variable to the wagon in or on which it is mounted. In addition, a coding of the radio signal also allows in such cases, in which several transmitters are mounted in or on the freight car, each emitting a radio signal, on the part of the telematics device, a reliable distinction of the received radio signals. This makes it possible, for example, to determine a plurality of different state variables of the freight wagon using a plurality of transmitters but a single receiver and a single telematics device.

Vorteilhafterweise kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch derart ausgestaltet sein, dass ein Ausfall des Senders empfangsseitig anhand eines Ausbleibens des Präsenzsignals erkannt wird. Hierdurch wird es dem Telematikgerät beispielsweise ermöglicht, eine entsprechende Fehlermeldung, die eine Information über den Ausfall des Senders beinhaltet, an eine Zentrale oder Überwachungseinrichtung zu übermitteln.Advantageously, the inventive method can also be configured such that a failure of the transmitter is detected at the receiving end based on a lack of presence signal. This makes it possible for the telematics device, for example, to transmit a corresponding error message, which contains information about the failure of the transmitter, to a control center or monitoring device.

Grundsätzlich ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren die Bestimmung beliebiger Zustandsgrößen. Einzige Voraussetzung hierbei ist, dass unterschiedliche Werte der Zustandsgröße zu einem für eine Unterscheidung ausreichenden Unterschied der verwendeten Kenngröße des empfangenen Funksignals führen. Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch geschehen, dass in einem Zustand eine größere Dämpfung des Funksignals erfolgt als in dem anderen Zustand.In principle, the method according to the invention makes it possible to determine any state variables. The only prerequisite here is that different values of the state variable too lead to a difference sufficient difference of the used characteristic of the received radio signal. This can be done, for example, by a greater attenuation of the radio signal occurring in one state than in the other state.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmt. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da im Rahmen von Telematiklösungen häufig Bedarf besteht, den Beladungszustand von Eisenbahngüterwagen automatisch zu ermitteln. Die genannte bevorzugte Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens basiert darauf, dass auch im beladenen Zustand des Güterwagens ein, wenn auch in der Regel schwächeres, Funksignal des Senders von dem Empfänger empfangen werden kann. Hierdurch wird es möglich, den beladenen Zustand des Güterwagens von einem Ausfall des Senders zu unterscheiden, da im letzteren Fall das Funksignal vollständig entfällt. Da die Entfernung zwischen dem Sender und dem Telematikgerät beziehungsweise dem Empfänger unabhängig von dem Beladungszustand des Güterwagens unverändert bleibt und die ausgesendete Feldstärke des verwendeten Senders ebenfalls als im Wesentlichen konstant angenommen wird, hängt beispielsweise die Signalstärke beziehungsweise Empfangsfeldstärke, die von dem Empfänger empfangen wird, im Wesentlichen von gegebenenfalls im Übertragungsweg befindlichen Gegenständen ab. Da die Ladung eines Güterwagens typischerweise eine Übertragungsdämpfung bewirkt beziehungsweise das Funksignal absorbiert, ermöglicht es die bevorzugte Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens vorteilhafterweise den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens automatisch zu detektieren.In a particularly preferred development of the method according to the invention, a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon is determined. This is advantageous because there is often a need in the context of telematics solutions to automatically determine the loading state of rail freight cars. Said preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is based on the fact that even in the loaded state of the freight wagon a, albeit generally weaker, radio signal of the transmitter can be received by the receiver. This makes it possible to distinguish the loaded state of the freight car from a failure of the transmitter, since in the latter case, the radio signal is completely eliminated. Since the distance between the transmitter and the telematics device or the receiver remains unchanged regardless of the loading state of the freight car and the transmitted field strength of the transmitter used is also assumed to be substantially constant, for example, the signal strength or received field strength received by the receiver, in Essentially of possibly located in the transmission objects. Since the load of a freight car typically causes a transmission damping or absorbs the radio signal, the preferred development of the method according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to automatically detect the loading state of the freight car.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine die Lage eines Objektes, insbesondere die Stellung eines Hebels oder die Position einer Stange, angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmt. Auch zum Zwecke der Bestimmung der Lage eines Objektes ist das Verfahren besonders einfach und kostengünstig einsetzbar. So werden beispielsweise die Kosten für die Verlegung von Kabeln eingespart, wobei entsprechende Kabel darüber hinaus einer erheblichen Beschädigungsgefahr unterliegen würden.In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a state variable indicating the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a rod, is determined. Also for the purpose of determining the position of an object, the method is particularly simple and inexpensive to use. For example, the costs of laying cables are saved, with corresponding cables would also be subject to a considerable risk of damage.

Um die Lage des Objektes bestimmen zu können, ist vorteilhafterweise an dem zu überwachenden Objekt, d.h. beispielsweise einem Hebel, einer Drehachse, um die ein Hebel befestigt ist oder einer Betätigungsstange, ein Dämpfungselement oder Dämpfungsmaterial montiert, durch welches eine Abschwächung beziehungsweise Bedämpfung des Funksignals bewirkt wird. Darüber hinaus sind auch Anordnungen denkbar, bei denen auf ein entsprechendes zusätzliches Dämpfungselement aufgrund der konkreten Gegebenheiten verzichtet werden kann, da sich in den unterschiedlichen Lagen des Objektes ohne weitere Maßnahmen bereits Änderungen des Funksignals ergeben, die zu einer Kenngröße des empfangenen Funksignals führen, welche eine zuverlässige Bestimmung der Lage des Objektes ermöglicht.In order to be able to determine the position of the object, it is advantageous for the object to be monitored, i. For example, a lever, an axis of rotation about which a lever is attached or mounted an actuating rod, a damping element or damping material, by which a weakening or damping of the radio signal is effected. In addition, arrangements are conceivable in which it is possible to dispense with a corresponding additional damping element due to the specific circumstances, since changes in the radio signal already result in the different positions of the object without further measures, which lead to a characteristic of the received radio signal, which a reliable determination of the location of the object allows.

Zur Verstärkung eines Bedämpfungseffekts des Funksignals kann sendeseitig eine geeignete Sendeantenne verwendet werden, deren Abstrahlungsrichtung beispielsweise im Wesentlichen in Richtung eines Bedämpfungsbleches zeigt. Dabei kann eine unerwünschte seitliche Abstrahlung erforderlichenfalls zusätzlich durch eine Abschirmung weiter reduziert werden, um z.B. den aus unterschiedlichen Hebelstellungen resultierenden Effekt in der Kenngröße möglichst groß zu gestalten. Weiterhin kann das zur Positionsidentifizierung, d.h. zur Bestimmung der Lage des Objektes, verwendete Dämpfungsmaterial so ausgelegt werden, dass im verwendeten Frequenzbereich des Senders eine ausgeprägte Dämpfung des Funksignals entsteht.To amplify a damping effect of the radio signal, a suitable transmitting antenna can be used on the transmitting side, the emission direction of which points, for example, essentially in the direction of a damping plate. In this case, an unwanted lateral radiation, if necessary, can be additionally reduced by a shield further, for example, to make as large as possible the effect resulting from different lever positions in the characteristic. Furthermore, this can be used for position identification, ie for determination the position of the object, damping material used be designed so that in the frequency range of the transmitter used a pronounced attenuation of the radio signal arises.

Bei der beschriebenen Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es auch denkbar, dass der Sender am zu überwachenden Objekt selbst montiert wird. Die Lage des Objektes wird in diesem Fall dadurch detektiert, dass durch die in Abhängigkeit von der Position des Objektes unterschiedliche Orientierung der Abstrahlrichtung das Funksignal auf unterschiedlich reflektierende oder dämpfende Materialien trifft und hierdurch beispielsweise am Empfänger des Telematikgerätes eine unterschiedliche Signalstärke ermittelt wird.In the described development of the method according to the invention, it is also conceivable that the transmitter is mounted on the object to be monitored itself. In this case, the position of the object is detected by the fact that the radio signal impinges on differently reflecting or attenuating materials as a result of the orientation of the emission direction being different depending on the position of the object and a different signal strength is thereby determined, for example, at the receiver of the telematics device.

Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Montage des Senders und/oder eines Dämpfungselementes derart, dass ein als unwichtiger oder als vergleichsweise unsicher angesehener Zustand ein niedrigeres Empfangssignal bewirkt. Dies bietet den Vorteil, dass ein Manipulationsversuch durch Abschalten beziehungsweise Abschatten des Senders beziehungsweise Empfängers nicht zu einem sicherheitskritischen Zustand führt.Preferably, the installation of the transmitter and / or a damping element takes place in such a way that a condition regarded as unimportant or as comparatively unsafe causes a lower received signal. This offers the advantage that a manipulation attempt by switching off or shading the transmitter or receiver does not lead to a safety-critical state.

Weiterhin kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vorteilhafterweise auch derart ausgeprägt sein, dass eine den Öffnungszustand einer Tür des Güterwagens angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmt wird. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da eine unerwartete Türöffnung im Allgemeinen ein Hinweis auf eine Unregelmäßigkeit liefert, d.h. beispielsweise ein Anzeichen für einen Diebstahlversuch sein kann. Die Bestimmung einer den Öffnungszustand einer Tür des Güterwagens angebenden Zustandsgröße ist möglich, da beispielsweise die Empfangsfeldstärke des Funksignals von im Übertragungsweg befindlichen Hindernissen abhängt. Sofern es sich bei der Tür beispielsweise um eine Metalltür handelt, so bewirkt dieser eine starke Dämpfung des Empfangssignals. Vorteilhafterweise liegt die Frequenz des verwendeten Funksignals im UHF-Bereich und ist so gewählt, dass bereits eine geringe Öffnung der Tür beziehungsweise der Türen ein signifikantes Austreten des Funksignals aus dem Güterwagen ermöglicht. Dabei ist der Sender vorteilhafterweise innerhalb des Güterwagens angeordnet.Furthermore, the method according to the invention can advantageously also be so pronounced that a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon is determined. This is advantageous since an unexpected door opening generally provides an indication of an irregularity, ie may be an indication of theft attempt, for example. The determination of a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon is possible since, for example, the reception field strength of the radio signal depends on obstacles located in the transmission path. For example, if the door is a metal door acts, it causes a strong attenuation of the received signal. Advantageously, the frequency of the radio signal used in the UHF range and is chosen so that even a small opening of the door or the doors allows a significant leakage of the radio signal from the freight car. The transmitter is advantageously disposed within the freight car.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Telematikgerät.The present invention further relates to a telematic device.

Hinsichtlich des Telematikgerätes liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Telematikgerät anzugeben, das ein besonders einfaches und zugleich leistungsfähiges Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Zustandsgröße eines Güterwagens des spurgeführten Verkehrs unterstützt.With regard to the telematics device, the object of the present invention is to provide a telematics device which supports a particularly simple and at the same time powerful method for determining a state variable of a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Telematikgerät für einen Güterwagen des spurgeführten Verkehrs mit einem Empfänger zum Empfangen eines Funksignals und einer Einrichtung zum Ermitteln zumindest einer Kenngröße für das durch den Empfänger empfangene Funksignal und zum Bestimmen einer Zustandsgröße des Güterwagens aus der ermittelten zumindest einen Kenngröße.This object is achieved by a telematics device for a freight car of the track-guided traffic with a receiver for receiving a radio signal and means for determining at least one parameter for the radio signal received by the receiver and for determining a state variable of the freight car from the determined at least one parameter.

Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Telematikgerätes sowie seiner im Folgenden beschriebenen bevorzugten Weiterbildungen entsprechen im Wesentlichen denjenigen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sowie der bevorzugten Weiterbildung desselben. So ermöglicht es das erfindungsgemäße Telematikgerät insbesondere, eine Zustandsgröße des Güterwagens ohne einen separaten Sensor, d.h. sensorfrei, zu bestimmen.The advantages of the telematics device according to the invention and its preferred developments described below correspond essentially to those of the method according to the invention and the preferred development thereof. Thus, the telematics device according to the invention makes it possible in particular to determine a state variable of the freight wagon without a separate sensor, ie sensor-free.

Vorzugsweise ist die Einrichtung des erfindungsgemäßen Telematikgerätes zum Ermitteln zumindest der Signalstärke als Kenngröße des Funksignals ausgebildet.Preferably, the device of the telematics device according to the invention is designed to determine at least the signal strength as a parameter of the radio signal.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das erfindungsgemäße Telematikgerät derart ausgeführt, dass die Einrichtung zum Bestimmen der Zustandsgröße unter Verwendung eines bekannten Schwellenwertes der zumindest einen Kenngröße und/oder von bekannten, von dem Wert der jeweiligen Zustandsgröße abhängigen Referenzwerten der zumindest einen Kenngröße ausgebildet ist.In a further preferred embodiment, the telematics device according to the invention is embodied such that the device for determining the state variable is formed using a known threshold of the at least one characteristic and / or known reference values of the at least one characteristic dependent on the value of the respective state variable.

Vorzugsweise kann das erfindungsgemäße Telematikgerät auch derart ausgeprägt sein, dass die Einrichtung zum Bestimmen einer den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens angebenden Zustandsgröße ausgebildet ist.Preferably, the telematics device according to the invention may also be so pronounced that the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Telematikgerätes ist die Einrichtung zum Bestimmen einer die Lage eines Objektes, insbesondere die Stellung eines Hebels oder die Position einer Schubstange, angebenden Zustandsgröße ausgebildet.In a further preferred embodiment of the telematics device according to the invention, the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod.

Darüber hinaus kann das erfindungsgemäße Telematikgerät vorteilhafterweise auch derart weitergebildet sein, dass die Einrichtung zum Bestimmen einer den Öffnungszustand einer Tür des Güterwagens angebenden Zustandsgröße ausgebildet ist.In addition, the telematics device according to the invention may advantageously also be developed in such a way that the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist das erfindungsgemäße Telematikgerät zum Verarbeiten von Funksignalen ausgebildet, die von unterschiedlichen Sendern empfangen werden. Hierdurch wird es vorteilhafterweise ermöglicht, dass mittels mehrerer Sender die Bestimmung der Zustandsgröße oder auch die Bestimmung mehrerer Zustandsgrößen erfolgt.In a further preferred embodiment, the telematics device according to the invention is designed for processing radio signals which are received by different transmitters. As a result, it is advantageously possible that the determination of the state variable or the determination of several state variables takes place by means of several transmitters.

Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst darüber hinaus einen Güterwagen des spurgeführten Verkehrs mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Telematikgerät beziehungsweise mit einem Telematikgerät gemäß einer der zuvor beschriebenen bevorzugten Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Telematikgerätes.The present invention further includes a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic with a telematics device according to the invention or with a telematic device according to one of the preferred developments of the telematics device according to the invention described above.

Hinsichtlich der Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens sowie der im Folgenden beschriebenen bevorzugten Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens sei auf die entsprechenden vorstehenden Ausführungen im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und dem erfindungsgemäßen Telematikgerät sowie den jeweiligen bevorzugten Weiterbildungen verwiesen.With regard to the advantages of the freight wagon according to the invention and the preferred developments of the freight wagon according to the invention described below, reference is made to the corresponding preceding statements in connection with the method according to the invention and the telematics device according to the invention and the respective preferred developments.

Vorzugsweise ist der erfindungsgemäße Güterwagen derart ausgestaltet, dass er zumindest einen Sender zum Aussenden des Funksignals aufweist.Preferably, the freight wagon according to the invention is designed such that it has at least one transmitter for emitting the radio signal.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der erfindungsgemäße Güterwagen derart ausgeprägt, dass der Sender zum Aussenden eines Funksignals in Form eines zyklischen Präsenzsignals ausgebildet ist.In a further preferred embodiment, the freight wagon according to the invention is so pronounced that the transmitter is designed to emit a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal.

Darüber hinaus kann der erfindungsgemäße Güterwagen vorteilhafterweise auch derart ausgestaltet sein, dass die Einrichtung zum Erkennen eines Ausfalls des Senders anhand eines Ausbleibens des Präsenzsignals ausgebildet ist.In addition, the freight wagon according to the invention can advantageously also be designed such that the device for detecting a failure of the transmitter is formed on the basis of a lack of the presence signal.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist der erfindungsgemäße Güterwagen derart ausgestaltet, dass der Güterwagen ein Dämpfungselement aufweist, das derart angeordnet ist, dass unterschiedliche Lagen eines Objektes, insbesondere unterschiedliche Stellungen eines Hebels oder unterschiedliche Positionen einer Schubstange, zu unterscheidbaren Werten der zumindest einen Kenngröße führen. Dabei kann das Dämpfungselement vorteilhafterweise an einer beliebigen Komponente des Güterwagens, einschließlich dem Objekt selbst, angebracht sein.In a particularly preferred development of the freight wagon according to the invention is designed such that the freight wagon a damping element which is arranged such that different positions of an object, in particular different positions of a lever or different positions of a push rod, lead to distinguishable values of the at least one characteristic. In this case, the damping element can advantageously be attached to any component of the freight wagon, including the object itself.

Vorteilhafterweise ist der erfindungsgemäße Güterwagen derart weitergebildet, dass der Sender derart an oder in dem Güterwagen angebracht ist, dass eine den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmbar ist.Advantageously, the freight wagon according to the invention is developed such that the transmitter is mounted on or in the freight wagon such that a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon can be determined.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens ist der Sender derart an oder in dem Güterwagen angebracht, dass eine die Lage eines Objektes, insbesondere die Stellung eines Hebels oder die Position einer Schubstange, angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmbar ist.In a further preferred embodiment of the freight wagon according to the invention, the transmitter is mounted on or in the goods wagon such that a state variable indicating the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod, can be determined.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der erfindungsgemäße Güterwagen auch derart ausgeführt ist, dass das Telematikgerät in einem Fehlerfall einen sicherheitskritischen Wert der Zustandsgröße bestimmt beziehungsweise annimmt.Advantageously, the freight wagon according to the invention is also designed such that the telematics device determines or accepts a safety-critical value of the state variable in the event of an error.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Hierzu zeigt

Figur 1
in einer schematischen Skizze ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens im unbeladenen Zustand,
Figur 2
in einer schematischen Skizze den Güterwagen der Figur 1 im beladenen Zustand,
Figur 3
in einer schematischen Skizze ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens im unbeladenen Zustand,
Figur 4
in einer schematischen Skizze den Güterwagen der Figur 3 im beladenen Zustand,
Figur 5
in einer schematischen Skizze ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens im unbeladenen Zustand,
Figur 6
den Güterwagen der Figur 5 im beladenen Zustand,
Figur 7
in einer schematischen Skizze ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens in einem Zustand mit geöffneter Tür und
Figur 8
den Güterwagen der Figur 7 in einem Zustand mit geschlossener Tür.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments. This shows
FIG. 1
in a schematic sketch, a first embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state,
FIG. 2
in a schematic sketch the freight car of FIG. 1 in the loaded condition,
FIG. 3
in a schematic sketch, a second embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state,
FIG. 4
in a schematic sketch the freight car of FIG. 3 in the loaded condition,
FIG. 5
in a schematic sketch, a third embodiment of the freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state,
FIG. 6
the freight car the FIG. 5 in the loaded condition,
FIG. 7
in a schematic sketch, a fourth embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in a state with the door open and
FIG. 8
the freight car the FIG. 7 in a state with the door closed.

In den einzelnen Figuren sind aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit für gleiche oder zumindest im Wesentlichen gleich wirkende Komponenten identische Bezugszeichen verwendet.For reasons of clarity, identical reference symbols are used in the individual figures for identical or at least substantially identical components.

Figur 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Skizze ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens im unbeladenen Zustand. Im Einzelnen ist ein Güterwagen G in Form eines Containertragwagens bzw. Autotransportwagens dargestellt. Um eine Beladung durch Container bzw. Fahrzeuge zu detektieren weist der Güterwagen G an einer geeigneten Position versenkt in der Ladefläche Sender S1 und S2 auf. Dabei ist die Position der Sender S1, S2 derart gewählt, dass sie sich jeweils unter einem gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Container bzw. Fahrzeug befinden. Neben den Sendern S1 und S2 weist der Güterwagen G ein Telematikgerät T mit einem Empfänger E und einer Einrichtung EINR auf. FIG. 1 shows a schematic sketch of a first embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state. In detail, a goods wagon G in the form of a container wagon or car transport wagon is shown. In order to detect a loading by containers or vehicles, the freight car G sunk at a suitable position in the loading area transmitters S1 and S2. In this case, the position of the transmitter S1, S2 is selected such that they are each under an optionally existing container or vehicle. In addition to the transmitters S1 and S2, the goods wagon G has a telematics device T with a receiver E and a device EINR.

Um eine den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens G angebende Zustandsgröße zu bestimmen, senden die Sender S1 und S2 jeweils Funksignale F1, F2 in Form eines zyklischen Präsenzsignals aus. Dabei sind die Funksignale F1, F2 derart kodiert, dass sie den jeweiligen Sendern S1 beziehungsweise S2 zugeordnet werden können, so dass die Position von der das jeweilige Funksignal F1, F2 ausgesendet wird, bekannt ist.In order to determine a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon G, the transmitters S1 and S2 respectively transmit radio signals F1, F2 in the form of a cyclic presence signal. In this case, the radio signals F1, F2 are coded such that they can be assigned to the respective transmitters S1 and S2, respectively, so that the position from which the respective radio signal F1, F2 is emitted is known.

Die ausgesendeten Funksignale F1 und F2 werden von einem Empfänger E empfangen, der Bestandteil des Telematikgerätes T des Güterwagens G ist. Der Empfänger E ist mit einer Einrichtung EINR verbunden, die zum Ermitteln zumindest einer Kenngröße für das durch den Empfänger E empfangene Funksignal F1 beziehungsweise F2 und zum Bestimmen einer Zustandsgröße des Güterwagens G aus der jeweiligen ermittelten zumindest einen Kenngröße ausgebildet ist. Im Rahmen des beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiels sei dabei angenommen, dass die Einrichtung zum Ermitteln der Signalstärke als jeweiliger Kenngröße der Funksignale F1, F2 ausgebildet ist. Anhand eines Vergleichs der empfangenen Signalstärke des Funksignals F1 sowie der empfangenen Signalstärke des Funksignals F2 ist die Einrichtung EINR des Telematikgerätes T somit in der Lage, den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens G beziehungsweise eine den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens G angebende Zustandsgröße zu bestimmen. Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, dass die jeweils empfangene Signalstärke beziehungsweise Empfangsfeldstärke mit zuvor ermittelten Referenzwerten für einen beladenen sowie einen unbeladenen Güterwagen verglichen wird. Anhand eines entsprechenden Vergleichs wird nun erkannt, dass der Güterwagen G in der in Figur 1 dargstellten Situation im unbeladenen Zustand ist. Diese Information kann nun beispielsweise von dem Telematikgerät T über ein Mobilfunknetz, beispielsweise per SMS, an eine Zentrale oder Überwachungsbeziehungsweise Steuereinrichtung übertragen werden.The transmitted radio signals F1 and F2 are received by a receiver E, which is part of the telematics device T of the freight car G. The receiver E is connected to a device EINR which is designed to determine at least one parameter for the radio signal F1 or F2 received by the receiver E and to determine a state variable of the freight car G from the respectively determined at least one characteristic variable. In the context of the exemplary embodiment described, it is assumed that the device for determining the signal strength is designed as a respective parameter of the radio signals F1, F2. On the basis of a comparison of the received signal strength of the radio signal F1 and the received signal strength of the radio signal F2, the device EINR of the telematics device T is thus able to indicate the loading state of the freight wagon G or a state of load of the freight wagon G indicating state variable determine. This can be done, for example, by comparing the respectively received signal strength or received field strength with previously determined reference values for a loaded and an unloaded freight wagon. Based on a corresponding comparison is now recognized that the freight car G in the in FIG. 1 dargstellten situation is in the unloaded state. This information can now be transmitted, for example, from the telematics device T via a mobile radio network, for example by SMS, to a control center or monitoring or control device.

Figur 2 zeigt in einer schematischen Skizze den Güterwagen der Figur 1 im beladenen Zustand. Im Unterschied zur in Figur 1 dargestellten Situation ist der Güterwagen G hierbei mit zwei Containern C1 und C2 beladen. Durch die metallenen Container C1, C2 wird entsprechend der Darstellung der Figur 2 eine direkte Übertragung des Funksignals F1 beziehungsweise F2 von den Sendern S1, S2 an den Empfänger E des Telematikgerätes T im Wesentlichen verhindert. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Übertragung der Funksignale F1 und F2 im Wesentlichen durch Reflektionen an der Umgebung, insbesondere an Komponenten des Güterwagens G bzw. den Containern C1, C2, erfolgt. Hiermit verbunden ist eine deutlich geänderte Signalstärke bzw. Empfangsfeldstärke, die von dem Empfänger E registriert wird. In Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Umständen kann diese sogar höher liegen als im unbeladenen Zustand des Güterwagens G, da durch eine geeignete Reflektion der Funksignale F1 beziehungsweise F2 an den Containern C1, C2 bzw. an dem Güterwagen G grundsätzlich auch eine Verstärkung des durch den Empfänger E empfangenen Funksignals möglich ist. FIG. 2 shows in a schematic sketch the freight car of FIG. 1 in the loaded condition. Unlike in FIG. 1 shown situation, the freight car G here is loaded with two containers C1 and C2. Through the metal container C1, C2 is according to the representation of the FIG. 2 prevents a direct transmission of the radio signal F1 or F2 from the transmitters S1, S2 to the receiver E of the telematics device T substantially. This has the consequence that the transmission of the radio signals F1 and F2 essentially by reflections to the environment, in particular to components of the freight car G and the containers C1, C2, takes place. This is associated with a significantly changed signal strength or reception field strength, which is registered by the receiver E. Depending on the circumstances, this may even be higher than in the unloaded state of the freight car G, as by a suitable reflection of the radio signals F1 and F2 to the containers C1, C2 or to the freight car G in principle, a gain of the receiver E received radio signal is possible.

Unabhängig davon, ob in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Umständen eine Verstärkung oder eine Abschwächung des jeweiligen Funksignals F1, F2 durch die Container C1, C2 erfolgt, ermöglichen es beispielsweise durch vorhergehende Vergleichsmessungen erfasste Referenzwerte der Einrichtung EINR des Telematikgerätes T anhand der durch den Empfänger E empfangenen Signalstärke der Funksignale F1, F2 zu bestimmen, ob der Güterwagen G ganz oder teilweise mit Containern C1, C2 beladen ist. Dabei erfolgt die Bestimmung des Beladungszustands des Güterwagens G ausschließlich aus der Signalstärke der seitens des Empfängers E empfangenen Funksignale F1, F2.Regardless of whether, depending on the circumstances, a strengthening or weakening of the respective Radio signal F1, F2 through the container C1, C2, it is possible, for example, by previous comparative measurements detected reference values of the device EINR of the telematics device T based on the signal strength of the radio signals F1, F2 received by the receiver E to determine whether the freight car G wholly or partially with Containers C1, C2 is loaded. In this case, the determination of the loading state of the goods wagon G is effected exclusively from the signal strength of the radio signals F1, F2 received by the receiver E.

Figur 3 zeigt in einer schematischen Skizze ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens im unbeladenen Zustand. Dargestellt ist ein Güterwagen G in Form eines Schüttgutwagens. Für einen solchen Güterwagentyp ist die Montage eines Senders S an einer Seitenwand des Güterwagens G besonders geeignet. So kann ein entsprechender Sender S beispielsweise versenkt in einer Nut montiert werden. Obwohl das Funksignal F des Senders in Figur 3 lediglich als ein Signal angedeutet ist, kann alternativ anstelle des Senders S auch eine Mehrzahl von Sendern vorgesehen sein. Hierdurch wird es ermöglicht, aufgrund einer unterschiedlichen Montagehöhe der entsprechenden Sender eine Aussage über den ungefähren Befüllungsgrad des Güterwagens G zu erhalten. In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 3 ermittelt die Einrichtung EINR aus der Signalstärke des empfangenen Funksignals F, dass der Güterwagen G leer, d.h. unbeladen, ist. FIG. 3 shows a schematic sketch of a second embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state. Shown is a freight car G in the form of a bulk freight car. For such a freight car type, the mounting of a transmitter S on a side wall of the freight car G is particularly suitable. Thus, a corresponding transmitter S, for example, sunk in a groove can be mounted. Although the radio signal F of the transmitter in FIG. 3 merely indicated as a signal, a plurality of transmitters may alternatively be provided instead of the transmitter S. This makes it possible to obtain a statement about the approximate degree of filling of the freight car G due to a different mounting height of the corresponding transmitter. In the embodiment of FIG. 3 determines the device EINR from the signal strength of the received radio signal F that the freight car G is empty, ie unloaded.

Figur 4 zeigt in einer schematischen Skizze den Güterwagen der Figur 3 im beladenen Zustand. Die Beladung des Güterwagens G in Form des Schüttgutwagens kann seitens des Telematikgerätes T durch die Einrichtung EINR anhand einer entsprechend stärkeren Bedämpfung des empfangenen Funksignals F festgestellt werden. Sofern mehrere Sender S in unterschiedlicher Höhe montiert sind, so kann seitens des Telematikgerätes T durch eine Auswertung der kodierten, dass heißt insbesondere den jeweiligen Sender identifizierenden, Funksignale zusätzlich der Füllgrad des Güterwagens G bestimmt werden. Eine entsprechende Bestimmung würde in dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 4 zu dem Ergebnis kommen, dass der Güterwagen G vollständig befüllt ist. FIG. 4 shows in a schematic sketch the freight car of FIG. 3 in the loaded condition. The loading of the freight wagon G in the form of the bulk goods wagon can be detected by the telematics device T by the device EINR on the basis of a correspondingly stronger damping of the received radio signal F. If several transmitters S in different Height are mounted, then the degree of filling of the freight car G can be determined by the telematics device T by an evaluation of the coded, that is, in particular the respective transmitter identifying, radio signals. A corresponding provision would be in the embodiment of FIG. 4 come to the conclusion that the freight car G is completely filled.

Figur 5 zeigt in einer schematischen Skizze ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens im unbeladenen Zustand. Dargestellt ist ein Güterwagen G in Form eines geschlossenen Güterwagens. Bei einem solchen geschlossenen Güterwagen eignet sich als Anbringungsort des Senders S besonders gut die Decke des Güterwagens G im Innenraum, da hier die Gefahr einer Beschädigung durch die Ladung oder während des Beladungsvorganges durch Ladehilfsmittel vergleichsweise gering ist. FIG. 5 shows a schematic sketch of a third embodiment of the freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state. Shown is a freight car G in the form of a closed freight car. In such a closed freight wagon is particularly suitable as the mounting location of the transmitter S the ceiling of the freight car G in the interior, since the risk of damage from the load or during the loading process by loading equipment is comparatively low.

In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 5 befindet sich keine Ladung in dem Güterwagen G. Die an dem Telematikgerät T ankommende, von dem Empfänger E empfangene Empfangsfeldstärke ist daher vergleichsweise hoch und ermöglicht es somit, den Güterwagen G als unbeladen zu erkennen.In the embodiment of FIG. 5 There is no charge in the freight car G. The received at the telematics device T, received by the receiver E received field strength is therefore comparatively high and thus makes it possible to recognize the freight car G as unloaded.

Figur 6 zeigt den Güterwagen der Figur 5 im beladenen Zustand. Im Unterschied zur Figur 5 ist in Figur 6 die Signalstärke des empfangenen Funksignals F aufgrund der Beladung und damit einhergehender Dämpfung und Reflektion vergleichsweise niedrig, so dass seitens der Einrichtung EINR des Telematikgerätes T darauf geschlossen werden kann, dass der Güterwagen beladen ist. FIG. 6 shows the freight car of FIG. 5 in the loaded condition. In contrast to FIG. 5 is in FIG. 6 the signal strength of the received radio signal F due to the loading and associated attenuation and reflection comparatively low, so that it can be concluded from the device EINR of the telematics device T that the freight car is loaded.

Entsprechend den vorstehenden Ausführungen hängt es somit in der Regel von dem Typ des jeweiligen Güterwagens G ab, wo der Sender S an oder in dem Güterwagen G anzubringen ist, damit eine den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens G angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmbar ist. Entsprechendes gilt analog für den Fall, dass eine die Lage eines Objektes, beispielsweise die Stellung eines Hebels oder die Position einer Schubstange, angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmt werden soll. Auch hier ist die Position des Senders in Abhängigkeit von jeweiligen konkreten Gegebenheiten zu wählen.In accordance with the above, it is thus generally dependent on the type of the respective freight car G, where the transmitter S is to be attached to or in the freight car G, so that a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight car G can be determined. The same applies analogously to the case in which a state variable indicating the position of an object, for example the position of a lever or the position of a push rod, is to be determined. Again, the position of the transmitter is to be selected depending on the specific circumstances.

Figur 7 zeigt in einer schematischen Skizze ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Güterwagens in einem Zustand mit geöffneter Tür. Aufgrund der Öffnung der Tür kann ein von dem Sender S in Form eines zyklischen Präsenzsignals ausgesendetes Funksignal F ungehindert nach außen gelangen kann. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die durch den Empfänger E des Telematikgerätes beziehungsweise der Telematikbox T empfangene Signalstärke vergleichsweise hoch ist. Dies ermöglicht es, seitens des Telematikgerätes T die Tür des Güterwagens G als offen zu erkennen. FIG. 7 shows a schematic sketch of a fourth embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in a state with the door open. Due to the opening of the door, a radio signal F emitted by the transmitter S in the form of a cyclic presence signal can pass unhindered to the outside. As a result, the signal strength received by the receiver E of the telematics device or the telematics box T is comparatively high. This makes it possible to recognize the part of the telematics device T, the door of the freight car G as open.

Figur 8 zeigt den Güterwagen der Figur 7 in einem Zustand mit geschlossener Tür. In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 8 wird das Funksignal F in Form des Präsenzsignals durch die metallenen Türen des Güterwagens G weitgehend abgeschirmt. Im Wesentlichen kann das Funksignal F nur noch durch kleine Ritzen oder Löcher beziehungsweise gegebenenfalls durch die hölzerne Bodengruppe des Güterwagens G nach außen dringen und dort durch den Empfänger E des Telematikgerätes T empfangen werden. Somit ist die durch das Telematikgerät T beziehungsweise den Empfänger E empfangene Signalstärke vergleichsweise niedrig, woraus gefolgert werden kann, dass sich der Güterwagen G in einem Zustand befindet, in dem die Tür geschlossen ist. FIG. 8 shows the freight car of FIG. 7 in a condition with the door closed. In the embodiment of FIG. 8 is the radio signal F largely shielded in the form of the presence signal through the metal doors of the freight car G. In essence, the radio signal F can penetrate only through small cracks or holes or possibly through the wooden floor assembly of the freight car G to the outside and are received there by the receiver E of the telematics device T. Thus, the received by the telematics device T and the receiver E signal strength is comparatively low, from which it can be concluded that the freight car G is in a state in which the door is closed.

Es sein darauf hingewiesen, dass insbesondere für Anordnungen mit mehreren Sendern auch unterschiedliche Zustandsgrößen des Güterwagens unter Verwendung eines einzigen Telematikgerätes mit einem einzigen Empfänger bestimmt werden können. Hierzu sind die Funksignale, die von den jeweiligen Sendern ausgesendet werden, vorteilhafterweise kodiert, so dass seitens des Telematikgerätes T eine Identifizierung des aussendenden Senders und damit auch der basierend auf dem jeweiligen empfangenen Signal zu bestimmenden Zustandsgröße ermöglicht wird. Darüber hinaus ist es auch denkbar, dass das Funksignal eines Senders zur Bestimmung mehrerer Zustandsgrößen verwendet werden kann. Voraussetzung ist in diesem Fall jedoch, dass alle möglichen Kombinationen von Werten der Zustandsgrößen aus der zumindest einen Kenngröße des empfangenen Funksignals bestimmbar sind.It should be noted that, in particular for arrangements with multiple transmitters, different state variables of the freight car can be determined using a single telematics device with a single receiver. For this purpose, the radio signals that are emitted by the respective transmitters, advantageously encoded so that the telematic device T an identification of the transmitting transmitter and thus also based on the respective received signal to be determined state variable is made possible. In addition, it is also conceivable that the radio signal of a transmitter can be used to determine several state variables. However, a prerequisite in this case is that all possible combinations of values of the state variables can be determined from the at least one characteristic of the received radio signal.

Claims (23)

Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Zustandsgröße eines Güterwagens (G) des spurgeführten Verkehrs, bei dem - ein Funksignal (F, F1, F2) von einem in oder an dem Güterwagen (G) angebrachten Sender (S, S1, S2) ausgesendet wird, - das Funksignal (F, F1, F2) von einem Empfänger (E) empfangen wird, der Bestandteil eines Telematikgerätes (T) des Güterwagens (G) ist, und - zumindest eine Kenngröße des empfangenen Funksignals (F, F1, F2) ermittelt sowie aus der ermittelten zumindest einen Kenngröße die Zustandsgröße bestimmt wird. Method for determining a state variable of a freight car (G) of the track-guided traffic, in which a radio signal (F, F1, F2) is transmitted by a transmitter (S, S1, S2) mounted in or on the freight wagon (G), - The radio signal (F, F1, F2) is received by a receiver (E), which is part of a telematics device (T) of the freight car (G), and - At least one characteristic of the received radio signal (F, F1, F2) is determined as well as from the determined at least one parameter, the state variable is determined. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zumindest die Signalstärke als Kenngröße des empfangenen Funksignals (F, F1, F2) ermittelt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
at least the signal strength is determined as a parameter of the received radio signal (F, F1, F2). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Zustandsgröße unter Verwendung zumindest eines bekannten Schwellenwertes der zumindest einen Kenngröße und/oder von bekannten, von dem Wert der jeweiligen Zustandsgröße abhängigen Referenzwerten der zumindest einen Kenngröße bestimmt wird.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the state variable is determined using at least one known threshold value of the at least one characteristic variable and / or of known reference values of the at least one characteristic quantity which are dependent on the value of the respective state variable. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
von dem Sender (S, S1, S2) ein Funksignal in Form eines zyklischen Präsenzsignals ausgesendet wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
from the transmitter (S, S1, S2) a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal is emitted. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
ein Ausfall des Senders (S, S1, S2) empfangsseitig anhand eines Ausbleibens des Präsenzsignals erkannt wird.Method according to claim 4,
characterized in that
a failure of the transmitter (S, S1, S2) is detected on the receiving side based on a lack of the presence signal. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens (G) angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a state variable indicative of the loading state of the freight car (G) is determined. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine die Lage eines Objektes, insbesondere die Stellung eines Hebels oder die Position einer Schubstange, angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a state variable determining the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod, is determined. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine den Öffnungszustand einer Tür des Güterwagens (G) angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight car (G) is determined. Telematikgerät (T) für einen Güterwagen (G) des spurgeführten Verkehrs mit - einem Empfänger (E) zum Empfangen eines Funksignals (F, F1, F2) und - einer Einrichtung (EINR) - zum Ermitteln zumindest einer Kenngröße für das durch den Empfänger (E) empfangene Funksignal (F1, F2, F3) und - zum Bestimmen einer Zustandsgröße des Güterwagens (G) aus der ermittelten zumindest einen Kenngröße. Telematic device (T) for a freight car (G) of the track-guided traffic with a receiver (E) for receiving a radio signal (F, F1, F2) and - a body (EINR) - For determining at least one parameter for the received by the receiver (E) radio signal (F1, F2, F3) and - For determining a state variable of the freight car (G) from the determined at least one characteristic. Telematikgerät nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Einrichtung (EINR) zum Ermitteln zumindest der Signalstärke als Kenngröße des Funksignals (F, F1, F2) ausgebildet ist.Telematic device according to claim 9,
characterized in that
the device (EINR) is designed to determine at least the signal strength as a parameter of the radio signal (F, F1, F2). Telematikgerät nach Anspruch 9 oder 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Einrichtung (EINR) zum Bestimmen der Zustandsgröße unter Verwendung eines bekannten Schwellenwertes der zumindest einen Kenngröße und/oder von bekannten, von dem Wert der jeweiligen Zustandsgröße abhängigen Referenzwerten der zumindest einen Kenngröße ausgebildet ist.Telematic device according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized in that
the device (EINR) is designed to determine the state variable using a known threshold value of the at least one characteristic variable and / or of known reference values of the at least one characteristic variable that depend on the value of the respective state variable. Telematikgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Einrichtung (EINR) zum Bestimmen einer den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens (G) angebenden Zustandsgröße ausgebildet ist.Telematic device according to one of claims 9 to 11,
characterized in that
the device (EINR) is designed to determine a state variable indicative of the loading state of the freight wagon (G). Telematikgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Einrichtung (EINR) zum Bestimmen einer die Lage eines Objektes, insbesondere die Stellung eines Hebels oder die Position einer Schubstange, angebenden Zustandsgröße ausgebildet ist.Telematic device according to one of claims 9 to 12,
characterized in that
the device (EINR) is designed to determine a state variable indicating the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod. Telematikgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Einrichtung (EINR) zum Bestimmen einer den Öffnungszustand einer Tür des Güterwagens (G) angebenden Zustandsgröße ausgebildet ist.Telematic device according to one of claims 9 to 13,
characterized in that
the device (EINR) is designed to determine a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon (G). Telematikgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Telematikgerät (T) zum Verarbeiten von Funksignalen (F1, F2) ausgebildet ist, die von unterschiedlichen Sendern (S1, S2) empfangen werden.Telematic device according to one of claims 9 to 14,
characterized in that
the telematic device (T) is designed to process radio signals (F1, F2) received from different transmitters (S1, S2). Güterwagen (G) des spurgeführten Verkehrs mit einem Telematikgerät (T) nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 15.Freight car (G) of the track-guided traffic with a telematics device (T) according to one of claims 9 to 15. Güterwagen nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Güterwagen (G) zumindest einen Sender (S, S1, S2) zum Aussenden des Funksignals (F, F1, F2) aufweist.Freight car according to claim 16,
characterized in that
the freight car (G) has at least one transmitter (S, S1, S2) for transmitting the radio signal (F, F1, F2). Güterwagen nach Anspruch 16 oder 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Sender (S, S1, S2) zum Aussenden eines Funksignals (F, F1, F2) in Form eines zyklischen Präsenzsignals ausgebildet ist.Freight car according to claim 16 or 17,
characterized in that
the transmitter (S, S1, S2) is designed to emit a radio signal (F, F1, F2) in the form of a cyclic presence signal. Güterwagen nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Einrichtung zum Erkennen eines Ausfalls des Senders (S, S1, S2) anhand eines Ausbleibens des Präsenzsignals ausgebildet ist.A freight car according to any one of claims 16 to 18,
characterized in that
the means for detecting a failure of the transmitter (S, S1, S2) is formed on the basis of an absence of the presence signal. Güterwagen nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Güterwagen (G) ein Dämpfungselement aufweist, das derart angeordnet ist, dass unterschiedliche Lagen eines Objektes, insbesondere unterschiedliche Stellungen eines Hebels oder unterschiedliche Positionen einer Schubstange, zu unterscheidbaren Werten der zumindest einen Kenngröße führen.Freight car according to one of claims 16 to 19,
characterized in that
the goods wagon (G) has a damping element which is arranged such that different positions of an object, in particular different positions of a lever or different positions of a push rod, lead to distinguishable values of the at least one characteristic. Güterwagen nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 20,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Sender (S, S1, S2) derart an oder in dem Güterwagen (G) angebracht ist, dass eine den Beladungszustand des Güterwagens (G) angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmbar ist.Freight car according to one of claims 16 to 20,
characterized in that
the transmitter (S, S1, S2) is mounted on or in the freight wagon (G) in such a way that a state variable indicative of the loading state of the freight wagon (G) can be determined. Güterwagen nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Sender (S, S1, S2) derart an oder in dem Güterwagen (G) angebracht ist, dass eine die Lage eines Objektes, insbesondere die Stellung eines Hebels oder die Position einer Schubstange, angebende Zustandsgröße bestimmbar ist.Freight car according to one of claims 16 to 21,
characterized in that
the transmitter (S, S1, S2) is mounted on or in the goods wagon (G) in such a way that a state variable indicative of the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod, can be determined. Güterwagen nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 22,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Güterwagen (G) derart ausgeführt ist, dass das Telematikgerät (T) in einem Fehlerfall einen sicherheitskritischen Wert der Zustandsgröße bestimmt beziehungsweise annimmt.Freight car according to one of claims 16 to 22,
characterized in that
the freight car (G) is designed such that the telematics device (T) determines or accepts a safety-critical value of the state variable in the event of an error.
EP09163486A 2008-06-27 2009-06-23 Method for determining a variable state of a goods vehicle, telematics device and goods vehicle Not-in-force EP2138374B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008030989A DE102008030989A1 (en) 2008-06-27 2008-06-27 Method for determining a state variable of a freight car, telematics device and freight wagons

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2138374A2 true EP2138374A2 (en) 2009-12-30
EP2138374A3 EP2138374A3 (en) 2010-09-01
EP2138374B1 EP2138374B1 (en) 2012-08-15

Family

ID=41055412

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09163486A Not-in-force EP2138374B1 (en) 2008-06-27 2009-06-23 Method for determining a variable state of a goods vehicle, telematics device and goods vehicle

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2138374B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102008030989A1 (en)

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RU2730052C2 (en) * 2018-05-23 2020-08-14 Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт железнодорожного транспорта" Device for remote monitoring of level of loose medium in bunker of railway vehicle

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DE4408261A1 (en) * 1994-03-11 1995-09-14 Kreis Willibald Univ Prof Dr I Rail vehicle goods waggon monitoring device
EP1747135A4 (en) * 2004-05-03 2008-11-12 Sti Global Ltd Train integrity network system
DE102005034488A1 (en) * 2005-07-20 2007-01-25 Railion Deutschland Ag Autonomous tracking and disposition of goods wagons using satellite positioning and sensors
US7458260B2 (en) * 2005-11-07 2008-12-02 Claridy Solutions, Inc. Fluid level detection using RF

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WO2005082696A1 (en) 2004-02-24 2005-09-09 General Electric Company Rail car tracking system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9744980B2 (en) 2011-09-21 2017-08-29 General Electric Company Methods and systems for controlling engine operation through data-sharing among vehicles
EP2650191A1 (en) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-16 Progress Rail Services Corporation Method of detecting and signalling a hot box condition
US8950711B2 (en) 2012-04-12 2015-02-10 Progress Rail Inspection & Information Systems S.R.L. Method of detecting and signalling a hot box condition

Also Published As

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EP2138374A3 (en) 2010-09-01
DE102008030989A1 (en) 2010-01-14
EP2138374B1 (en) 2012-08-15

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