EP2136605B1 - Microwave oven with rotating antenna - Google Patents

Microwave oven with rotating antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2136605B1
EP2136605B1 EP20090290456 EP09290456A EP2136605B1 EP 2136605 B1 EP2136605 B1 EP 2136605B1 EP 20090290456 EP20090290456 EP 20090290456 EP 09290456 A EP09290456 A EP 09290456A EP 2136605 B1 EP2136605 B1 EP 2136605B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
antenna
heating chamber
microwave oven
housing
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Active
Application number
EP20090290456
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2136605A1 (en
Inventor
Abdelaaziz Bouirdene
Jean Claude Arnaud
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Groupe Brandt SAS
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FagorBrandt SAS
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Publication of EP2136605A1 publication Critical patent/EP2136605A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/74—Mode transformers or mode stirrers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/72—Radiators or antennas
    • H05B6/725—Rotatable antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microwave oven with rotating antenna.
  • It relates generally heating appliances or cooking appliances using microwave radiation.
  • a magnetron delivers high frequency energy to a heating chamber via a waveguide that conducts the waves and adjusts the impedance of the high frequency output of the magnetron.
  • a major problem in this type of oven lies in the heterogeneity of the distribution of waves in the heating chamber, creating hot spots and cold spots in the food to be heated.
  • This phenomenon is the translation of the existence of preferred modes of excitation of the heating chamber by the high frequency energy supplied through the waveguide communicating with the heating chamber. There are thus bellies and nodes of electric and magnetic fields in the heating chamber, leading to a heterogeneous distribution of the waves.
  • This problem is increased when high temperatures are used in a heating chamber, especially during the pyrolysis cleaning.
  • This antenna consists of a vertical segment emerging from the waveguide through the upper wall of the heating chamber and extended by a horizontal plate attached to one end of the cooking rod,
  • a rod portion of the antenna and the plate attached to this rod thus freely extend into the heating chamber.
  • They constitute a radiating antenna, the length of the horizontal plate being greater than the length of the rod portion in order to increase the proportion of energy radiated by the horizontal plate, rotatable in the enclosure.
  • the radiation of such an antenna in the open air in the heating chamber is poorly controllable, the heating characteristics depending not only on the antenna but also on the combination of this antenna with the dimensions and shape of the antenna. the heating chamber.
  • the amount of energy radiated in the heating chamber depends on the position of the rotating antenna as well as the position of the magnetron with respect to the wall comprising the wave output.
  • the amount of radiated energy is greater on the side where the magnetron is located, thus causing an asymmetry in the distribution of the energy radiated in the heating chamber although the antenna is rotatable.
  • the present invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a microwave oven having a structure power supply of high frequency of the heating chamber to homogenize the distribution of energy in the heating chamber.
  • the present invention relates to a microwave oven comprising a heating chamber, a waveguide adapted to supply high frequency energy in the heating chamber from a magnetron, and a rotary antenna comprising a rod emerging from the waveguide in a wall of the heating chamber and a plate fixed at a point of attachment at one end of the rod,
  • the rod and the plate of the rotary antenna are made of an electrically conductive material
  • the wall of the heating chamber comprises a housing, the rod of the antenna opening into said housing, and the plate of the antenna extends into the housing, the plate having a radiating slot disposed at a distance from said fixing point of the plate.
  • the rotating antenna forms with the rotary antenna plate an intermediate cavity conforming the magnetic field (to have a symmetry not obtained in the waveguide), in the extension of the main waveguide connecting the magnetron to the heating chamber, the coupling between the waveguide and the cavity being formed by means of the rod of the antenna.
  • the cavity stores energy and the rotating antenna restores the energy in the heating chamber symmetrically.
  • This cavity created in the wall of the heating chamber makes it possible to evenly distribute the quantity of energy in the heating chamber regardless of the position of the magnetron with respect to this enclosure.
  • the rotating antenna makes it possible to generate a quantity of energy leaving the equal radiating gap in any angular position of said rotary antenna. In other words, the same amount of energy enters the heating chamber regardless of the angular position of the rotating antenna.
  • the radiant slot mounted in rotation makes it possible to excite the heating chamber according to multiple excitation modes.
  • the radiating slot corresponds to a different excitation mode of the heating chamber.
  • Each of the excitation modes, different from each other, are complementary to obtain a uniform field distribution in the heating chamber.
  • Microwave energy coming out only by the radiating slot a maximum of modes are excited in the heating chamber and are not the same depending on the angular position of the rotating antenna.
  • the distribution of the energy radiated in the heating chamber is better controlled.
  • the housing is in the form of a revolution about an axis, the antenna rod extending along said axis, and the plate comprises at least a peripheral edge portion in a circular arc. near a wall of revolution of housing.
  • the cavity formed by the revolution-shaped housing and the plate of the rotating antenna is almost closed, except for the presence of the radiating slot for delivering energy into the heating chamber.
  • the rotating antenna does not protrude from the housing and is thus retracted into the wall of the heating chamber without going beyond it.
  • the radiating slot extends along an arc of a circle of length of the order of a half-length. high frequency energy wave provided.
  • the distance separating the radiating gap from the point of attachment of the plate is substantially equal to a quarter of a wavelength of the high frequency energy supplied.
  • This radiating slot is thus adapted to perpendicularly cut the electric currents flowing in the antenna plate from the point of attachment of the antenna rod, in a portion of the plate at which the electric currents are substantially directed. in radial directions from the point of attachment.
  • the radiating slot is defined by a second peripheral edge portion in an arc of the plate.
  • the Applicant has found that a second peripheral edge portion, cutting the electric currents flowing in the plate was sufficient to define a radiating slot and create a radiating electric field in the heating chamber.
  • the microwave oven comprises at least one obstacle-forming conductive element, extending close to the wall of the heating enclosure, opposite the housing, and the radiating slot extends along a circular arc of length such that, regardless of the angular position of the plate of the rotating antenna, a portion of the radiating slot length of the order of half a length of The supplied high frequency energy wave extends beyond the obstacle forming element.
  • the sizing of the radiating slot thus makes it possible to obtain an impedance brought back to the level of the magnetron which remains stable on a rotation of the antenna.
  • the radiating slot is of sufficient size to allow coupling of the magnetron to the heating chamber so as to deliver maximum power.
  • This rotary antenna thus makes it possible both to impedance match the microwave chain between the magnetron and the heating chamber, and this regardless of the angular position of the plate of the rotating antenna, and to obtain, thanks to the rotation of the radiating slot, a homogeneity in the distribution of the microwave energy in the heating chamber by exciting a multitude of modes.
  • the present invention thus provides a radiating slot in a rotary antenna to overcome the obstacles extending in front of the slot during the rotation cycle of the antenna, and thus to deliver a maximum power in the heating chamber whatever the angular position of the radiating slot.
  • the obstacle-conducting element comprises a substantially rectilinear wire extending opposite the revolution-shaped housing, the radiating slot extending along a circular arc of length of the order of two times half a wavelength.
  • the obstacle element when the obstacle element is disposed perpendicular to the radiating gap, it cuts off the radiation thereof.
  • the revolution-shaped housing is stamped in a side wall of the heating chamber, one or more parallel wires of a step extending in front of this side wall, opposite the housing, and therefore vis-Ć -vis the rotating antenna, and the radiating slot extends over an angular sector greater than 120 Ā°.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to correctly feed a heating chamber despite the presence of steps in front of the rotating antenna, the latter being placed along a side wall of the heating chamber.
  • FIG. 1 a heating chamber of a microwave oven with its functional elements, the body and the oven door having been removed to facilitate the understanding of the invention.
  • the microwave oven comprises a heating chamber 10 defined by side walls 11, 12, an upper wall 13, also called vault, and a bottom wall 14, also called the hearth of the oven.
  • a magnetron 20, including the antenna 21 opens into a waveguide 30 formed against a wall of the heating chamber 10.
  • the microwave oven here comprises heating elements, including radiant heating elements of the electric heater type.
  • the heating chamber 10 thus comprises radiant elements 16 at the level of the vault 13 of the heating chamber 10 in particular to ensure a heating function of the enclosure 10 and grill.
  • the heating chamber 10 may also include at the hearth 14 heating elements arranged below it, for heating the heating chamber 10.
  • Steps 17 are defined on the side walls 11, 12 of the heating chamber 10 allowing the positioning at different heights of a baking dish (see for example the cooking plate P illustrated in FIG. figure 4 ).
  • the flat P can be adjusted in height in the cavity.
  • the dish P is placed in the lower position on the lower step 17, near the hearth 14 of the heating chamber 10.
  • the level of the dish P can be arbitrary.
  • each level of the step 17 is made from two son 18 arranged parallel to one another and in a plane parallel to the side walls 11, 12.
  • Step 17 comprises several levels, and for example three levels as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 .
  • steps 17 consist of step son 18 are fixed on the side walls 11, 12 of the heating chamber 10 by fastening elements such as ceramic hooks 19a. They are kept spaced from the side walls 11, 12 by teflon washers 19b.
  • steps son 18 are made of metal son, and for example chromed steel.
  • a magnetron 20 makes it possible to supply high frequency energy at an antenna 21 opening at one end of the waveguide 30.
  • this magnetron 20 is adapted to emit microwaves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz corresponding to a wavelength of the order of 12.24 cm in the free space.
  • the waveguide 30 extends along a side wall, and here along the right side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10 between the outer surface of this side wall 12 and the oven body (not shown).
  • the waveguide 30 thus has a rectangular section variable in its length for coupling the magnetron 20 to the heating chamber 10.
  • a rotary antenna 40 is adapted to couple the waveguide 30 with the heating chamber 10.
  • This rotary antenna 40 comprises a rod 41 extending partly in the waveguide 30 and opening through the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10.
  • the waveguide 30 and the heating chamber 10 are integral, and fixed, in particular by welding, around the through hole of the rod 41 of the waveguide 30 towards the heating chamber 10.
  • the antenna 40 is mounted with its rod 41 at a lower portion 32 of the waveguide 30.
  • a static pin 31 (also called stud in English terminology) is placed in the waveguide 30 between the antenna 21 magnetron 20 and rotary antenna 40.
  • the diameter, the height and the position of the stud 31 are determined according to the constitution of the waveband to promote impedance matching.
  • the antenna 40 is mounted in rotation by means of a drive system by a motor 50.
  • the motor 50 is adapted to drive the antenna 40 in rotation at a speed of 5 rpm.
  • the rotary antenna 40 is driven by the motor 50 by indirect coupling by means of a belt device 55 and pulleys 51, 52.
  • a pulley 51 secured to the output shaft of the motor 50 makes it possible to transmit by means of a belt 55 its rotational movement to a return pulley 52 mounted on an axis 53 integral with the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • the shaft 53 is made of a material that is transparent to microwaves, such as, for example, Teflon or ceramic.
  • a washer 54 is provided.
  • the washer 54 is a bearing made of a material that is transparent to microwaves, such as, for example, teflon or ceramic, and makes it possible to center the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40 in the passage hole (not referenced) between the guide 30 and the heating chamber 10.
  • the drive of the antenna 40 in rotation could be implemented by a direct mounting on the axis of the motor 50.
  • the assembly described above makes it possible to move the motor 50 under the lower wall 14 of the heating chamber 10 and thus to limit the size of the drive system of the rotary antenna 40 between the side wall 12 of the heating enclosure 10 and the body (not shown).
  • the pulleys 51, 52 connected in movement by the belt 55 are mounted on a section 56 forming a support.
  • This profile 56 has plane faces intended to support the pulleys 51, 52 in rotation and a folded wing 57 extending in a plane perpendicular to the side wall 12 so as to form a spacer to maintain the spacing between the wall 12 and the bodywork. This prevents any possibility of contact through the body 12 with the drive system of the rotary antenna 40, and any risk of displacement of the antenna 40.
  • the rotary antenna 40 further comprises a plate 70 mounted at one end 43 of the rod 41, for example by means of a fixing screw 44.
  • the rod 41 and the plate 70 are made of an electrically conductive material, and by example metal low loss metal (aluminum, copper).
  • the end 43 of the rod 41 and the plate 70 opens out of the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10 in a housing 60.
  • the housing 60 is a housing of revolution shape, obtained directly by one or more cylindrical shaped stampings made in the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10.
  • This cylindrical housing 60 has an axis of revolution X along which the shaft 41 of the rotary antenna 40 extends.
  • the rotary antenna 40 is positioned at its stem 41 in the center of the cylindrical housing 60.
  • the side wall 12 more precisely comprises three concentric cylindrical moldings 61, 62, 63 concentric with the same axis of revolution X.
  • the cylindrical stampings 61, 62, 63 are of increasing diameters towards the center of the heating chamber 10.
  • a first stamp 61 thus at least partially defines the housing 60 formed by the stamped side wall 12 and the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • a second press 62 is formed downstream of the plate 70 and a third embossed 63 of larger dimensions makes it possible to fix a shutter plate 64 in a microwave-transparent material of the mica type.
  • the second press 62 thus makes it possible to house the rotary antenna 40 and prevent it from coming into contact with the closure plate 64.
  • This mica plate 64 (which was removed on the figures 1 and 3 in order to facilitate understanding of the mounting of the rotary antenna 40) thus makes it possible to close the housing 60 while extending at a distance and parallel to the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • This shutter plate 64 also makes it possible to reconstitute inside the heating enclosure 10 a substantially flat lateral wall 12, preventing the user from any contact with the rotary antenna 40 placed in the housing 60.
  • the housing 60 forms a microwave propagation cavity extending the waveguide 30, the microwave energy being transmitted by the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40 of the waveguide 30 to the housing 60.
  • the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40 has a portion 73 of peripheral edge in a suitable arc of a circle, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , to be disposed near the revolution wall 61 of the housing 60.
  • the housing 60 is substantially closed by the antenna 40, thus forming a cavity trapping the microwaves emitted at the rod portion 43 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40 has a radiating slot 71 disposed at a distance d from the point of attachment 72 of the plate 70 to the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40, that is to say from the center of rotation of the plate 70.
  • the electric currents circulating radially in the plate 70 are cut by the radiating slot 71. This distance is substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the microwave energy supplied by the magnetron 20.
  • the radiating slot 71 By disposing a radiating slot 71 at a distance from the center of rotation 72 substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength, the radiating slot 71 intersects the electric current lines perpendicularly so that a radiating electromagnetic field is created at the this radiating slot 71 towards the heating chamber 10.
  • the radiating slot 71 is defined in a second portion 74 of the peripheral edge in an arc of a circle in the plate 70.
  • the radiating slot 71 has a length of the order of half the wavelength.
  • the radiating slot 71 has a substantially annular shape and is defined by the peripheral edge 74 in the form of a circular arc centered on the center of rotation 72 of the plate 70.
  • the plate 70 has a first peripheral edge 73 whose radius substantially corresponds to the opening radius of the housing 60 and a second peripheral edge 74, of smaller radius, adapted to define a radiating slot 71 in the plate 70, that is, that is to say a slot cutting the lines of electric currents in a direction perpendicular to these electric currents.
  • the plate 70 further comprises two straight edges 75 extending perpendicularly to each other and respectively connecting the ends 73a, 73b of the first peripheral edge portion 73 to the ends 74a, 74b of the second peripheral edge portion 74 of the plate 70.
  • the Applicant has indeed found that the arc portion 74 delimited by the straight edges 75 was sufficient to define in the plate 70 a radiating slot 71 from which is radiated microwave energy in the heating chamber 10.
  • the plate 70 'could comprise a radiating slot 71' obtained by a cut inside a circular plate whose peripheral edge 73 'defines a circle of diameter substantially corresponding to the diameter of the housing 60.
  • the radiating slot 71' is defined by an inner arc portion 74 'spaced from the point of rotation 72' and adapted to intersect perpendicularly the lines of electrical currents flowing radially from the point of attachment 72 'of the rotating antenna.
  • the radiating gap 71 ' is defined by another circular arc portion 76', concentric with the circular arc portion 74 'and the peripheral edge 73' so as to create an annular cutout.
  • the ends of the annular cutout are closed by straight edges 75 'arranged perpendicular to each other as previously described in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .
  • Such a radiating slot 71 ' is thus defined by a cut made inside the plate 70' and delimited on its periphery by curved edges 74 ', 76' and straight edges 75 '.
  • the first embodiment defining a radiating slot 71 only by a circular arc portion 74 delimited by straight edges 75 has the advantage of being less expensive material. It is also simpler to perform, by cutting the plate 70 at its first peripheral edge 73, thus forming a notch in the plate 70. In addition, the rotating antenna 40 is lightened.
  • the distance d separating the second peripheral edge 74, 74 'from the center rotation 72, 72 ' is between 15 and 35 mm, and preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
  • This distance d corresponds substantially to a quarter of a wavelength (approximately 30 mm).
  • the width L of the slot 71, 71 ' is substantially greater than or equal to 10 mm.
  • the arcuate portion 76 'defining the outside of the slot 71' is located at a distance from the point of rotation 72 'of between 25 and 55 mm, and preferably between 30 and 45 mm.
  • the first peripheral edge 73, 73 ' has a distance to the center of rotation 72, 72' of the order of 40 to 50 mm, and preferably equal to 45 mm.
  • this distance corresponds to about twice a quarter wavelength (about 60 mm).
  • the length I of the slot 71, 71' substantially corresponding to the length formed by the median arc extending in the slot 71, 71 ', should be of the order of half a wavelength of the supplied high frequency energy.
  • the radiating slot 71, 71 's extends over an angular sector ā‡ of between 120 Ā° and 200 Ā°.
  • the angle ā‡ is measured along the peripheral edge 74, 74 'and taking the center at the point of attachment 72, 72'.
  • the angle ā‡ is between the two edges 75, 75 'of the recessed side of the plate 70, at the intersection with the median arc extending in the slot 71, 71'.
  • the radiating slot 71, 71' extends over an angular sector ā‡ of approximately 120 Ā°.
  • the presence of the conductive wires 18 when they extend perpendicularly to the slot 71 reflect the electric field radiated by the slot 71, thus disturb the power of microwave energy delivered in the heating chamber 10, and mismatch the impedance seen by the magnetron 20.
  • the impedance perceived by the magnetron 20 remains substantially stable at all times during a cycle of rotation of the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • this radiating slot 71 must extend over a circular arc of length I of the order of twice a half-wavelength, and in the embodiment described above, over a length of at least 100 mm.
  • the radiating slot 71 thus extends over an angular sector of approximately 200 Ā° and. is sufficient to respond to the magnetron coupling problem providing the microwave energy to the heating chamber 10, regardless of the angular position of the radiating slot 71.
  • heating chamber 10 it is possible both to obtain a good distribution of the microwave energy in the room.
  • heating chamber 10 to have a good homogeneity of cooking in the food, without the need to resort to a turntable, while maintaining a stability in the impedance perceived by the magnetron 20, thus making it possible to continuously deliver maximum power to the heating chamber 10.
  • the invention is not limited to a mixed cooking oven (by convection and by microwave) but can be implemented in a single microwave oven, with or without an upper grill.
  • the conductive elements placed vis-Ć -vis the rotating antenna are not limited to son steps but may be constituted by any type of obstacle material not transparent to microwaves.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)

Description

La prƩsente invention concerne un four Ơ micro-ondes Ơ antenne rotative.The present invention relates to a microwave oven with rotating antenna.

Elle concerne de maniĆØre gĆ©nĆ©rale les appareils de chauffage ou appareils de cuisson des aliments mettant en oeuvre un rayonnement micro-ondes.It relates generally heating appliances or cooking appliances using microwave radiation.

Dans un four Ơ micro-ondes, un magnƩtron dƩlivre de l'Ʃnergie Ơ haute frƩquence Ơ une enceinte de chauffage par l'intermƩdiaire d'un guide d'ondes qui conduit les ondes et adapte l'impƩdance de la sortie Ơ haute frƩquence du magnƩtron.In a microwave oven, a magnetron delivers high frequency energy to a heating chamber via a waveguide that conducts the waves and adjusts the impedance of the high frequency output of the magnetron.

Un problĆØme majeur dans ce type de four rĆ©side dans l'hĆ©tĆ©rogĆ©nĆ©itĆ© de la rĆ©partition des ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage, crĆ©ant des points chauds et des points froids dans l'aliment Ć  chauffer.A major problem in this type of oven lies in the heterogeneity of the distribution of waves in the heating chamber, creating hot spots and cold spots in the food to be heated.

Ce phĆ©nomĆØne est la traduction de l'existence de modes privilĆ©giĆ©s d'excitation de l'enceinte de chauffage par l'Ć©nergie Ć  haute frĆ©quence fournie au travers du guide d'ondes communiquant avec l'enceinte de chauffage. Il existe ainsi des ventres et des noeuds de champs Ć©lectriques et magnĆ©tiques dans l'enceinte de chauffage, conduisant Ć  une rĆ©partition hĆ©tĆ©rogĆØne des ondes.This phenomenon is the translation of the existence of preferred modes of excitation of the heating chamber by the high frequency energy supplied through the waveguide communicating with the heating chamber. There are thus bellies and nodes of electric and magnetic fields in the heating chamber, leading to a heterogeneous distribution of the waves.

Afin de remƩdier Ơ cet inconvƩnient, on connaƮt des solutions mettant en oeuvre un plateau tournant au niveau de la sole de l'enceinte de chauffage, ce plateau tournant Ʃtant destinƩ Ơ supporter en rotation les aliments Ơ chauffer afin d'homogƩnƩiser le chauffage de ces aliments.In order to overcome this drawback, solutions are known that implement a turntable at the level of the hearth of the heating chamber, this turntable being intended to support in rotation the food to be heated in order to homogenize the heating of these food.

Toutefois, l'existence d'un tel plateau tournant est contraignante pour l'enceinte de chauffage.However, the existence of such a turntable is restrictive for the heating chamber.

Ainsi, lorsque l'on veut intƩgrer une alimentation en micro-ondes dans un four traditionnel, muni notamment de rƩsistances chauffantes au niveau de la voƻte et de la sole de l'enceinte de chauffage, la prƩsence d'un plateau tournant et de son mƩcanisme de rotation sont difficilement compatibles.Thus, when one wants to integrate a microwave power supply in a traditional oven, provided in particular with heating resistors at the level of the vault and the floor of the heating chamber, the presence of a turntable and its rotation mechanism are hardly compatible.

Ce problĆØme est accru lorsque de hautes tempĆ©ratures sont mises en oeuvre dans une enceinte de chauffage, notamment lors du nettoyage par pyrolyse.This problem is increased when high temperatures are used in a heating chamber, especially during the pyrolysis cleaning.

Afin de s'affranchir de la prƩsence du plateau tournant, on connaƮt dans le document FR 2 532 510 un appareil de chauffage dans lequel une antenne rotative est montƩe au niveau de la voƻte d'une enceinte de chauffage,In order to overcome the presence of the turntable, we know in the document FR 2,532,510 a heater in which a rotating antenna is mounted at the vault of a heating chamber,

Cette antenne est constituƩe d'un segment vertical dƩbouchant du guide d'ondes au travers de la paroi supƩrieure de l'enceinte de chauffage et prolongƩe par une plaque horizontale fixƩe Ơ une extrƩmitƩ de la tige de cuisson,This antenna consists of a vertical segment emerging from the waveguide through the upper wall of the heating chamber and extended by a horizontal plate attached to one end of the cooking rod,

Une portion de tige de l'antenne et la plaque fixƩe Ơ cette tige s'Ʃtendent ainsi librement dans l'enceinte de chauffage.A rod portion of the antenna and the plate attached to this rod thus freely extend into the heating chamber.

Elles constituent une antenne rayonnante, la longueur de la plaque horizontale Ʃtant supƩrieure Ơ la longueur de la portion de tige afin d'accroƮtre la proportion d'Ʃnergie rayonnƩe par la plaque horizontale, mobile en rotation dans l'enceinte.They constitute a radiating antenna, the length of the horizontal plate being greater than the length of the rod portion in order to increase the proportion of energy radiated by the horizontal plate, rotatable in the enclosure.

Toutefois, le rayonnement d'une telle antenne Ơ l'air libre dans l'enceinte de chauffage est peu maƮtrisable, les caractƩristiques de chauffage dƩpendant non seulement de l'antenne mais Ʃgalement de la combinaison de cette antenne avec les dimensions et la forme de l'enceinte de chauffage.However, the radiation of such an antenna in the open air in the heating chamber is poorly controllable, the heating characteristics depending not only on the antenna but also on the combination of this antenna with the dimensions and shape of the antenna. the heating chamber.

Ainsi, dans le document FR 2 532 510 , la quantitĆ© d'Ć©nergie rayonnĆ©e dans l'enceinte de chauffage dĆ©pend de la position de l'antenne rotative ainsi que de la position du magnĆ©tron par rapport Ć  la paroi comportant la sortie d'ondes. La quantitĆ© d'Ć©nergie rayonnĆ©e est plus importante du cĆ“tĆ© oĆ¹ se situe le magnĆ©tron, provoquant ainsi une asymĆ©trie dans la rĆ©partition de l'Ć©nergie rayonnĆ©e dans l'enceinte de chauffage bien que l'antenne soit rotative.So, in the document FR 2,532,510 , the amount of energy radiated in the heating chamber depends on the position of the rotating antenna as well as the position of the magnetron with respect to the wall comprising the wave output. The amount of radiated energy is greater on the side where the magnetron is located, thus causing an asymmetry in the distribution of the energy radiated in the heating chamber although the antenna is rotatable.

Des structures de four Ơ micro-ondes similaire, Ơ antenne rotative, sont Ʃgalement divulguƩes dans les documents US 4 477 706 et US 4 463 239 .Similar microwave oven structures with rotating antenna are also disclosed in the documents US 4,477,706 and US 4,463,239 .

La prƩsente invention a pour but de rƩsoudre les inconvƩnients prƩcitƩs et de proposer un four Ơ micro-ondes ayant une structure d'alimentation en Ʃnergie Ơ haute frƩquence de l'enceinte de chauffage permettant d'homogƩnƩiser la rƩpartition de l'Ʃnergie dans cette enceinte de chauffage.The present invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a microwave oven having a structure power supply of high frequency of the heating chamber to homogenize the distribution of energy in the heating chamber.

A cet effet, la prƩsente invention concerne un four Ơ micro-ondes comprenant une enceinte de chauffage, un guide d'ondes adaptƩ Ơ fournir de l'Ʃnergie Ơ haute frƩquence dans l'enceinte de chauffage Ơ partir d'un magnƩtron, et une antenne rotative comprenant une tige dƩbouchant du guide d'ondes dans une paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage et une plaque fixƩe en un point de fixation Ơ une extrƩmitƩ de la tige,To this end, the present invention relates to a microwave oven comprising a heating chamber, a waveguide adapted to supply high frequency energy in the heating chamber from a magnetron, and a rotary antenna comprising a rod emerging from the waveguide in a wall of the heating chamber and a plate fixed at a point of attachment at one end of the rod,

Selon l'invention, la tige et la plaque de l'antenne rotative sont rƩalisƩes en un matƩriau Ʃlectriquement conducteur, la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage comporte un logement, la tige de l'antenne dƩbouchant dans ledit logement, et la plaque de l'antenne s'Ʃtend dans le logement, la plaque comportant une fente rayonnante disposƩe Ơ distance dudit point de fixation de la plaque.According to the invention, the rod and the plate of the rotary antenna are made of an electrically conductive material, the wall of the heating chamber comprises a housing, the rod of the antenna opening into said housing, and the plate of the antenna extends into the housing, the plate having a radiating slot disposed at a distance from said fixing point of the plate.

Ainsi, grĆ¢ce au montage de l'antenne rotative dans le logement de la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage, celui-ci constitue avec la plaque de l'antenne rotative une cavitĆ© intermĆ©diaire conformant le champ magnĆ©tique (pour avoir une symĆ©trie non obtenue dans le guide d'ondes), dans le prolongement du guide d'ondes principal reliant le magnĆ©tron Ć  l'enceinte de chauffage, le couplage entre le guide d'ondes et la cavitĆ© Ć©tant rĆ©alisĆ© au moyen de la tige de l'antenne.Thus, thanks to the mounting of the rotating antenna in the housing of the wall of the heating chamber, it forms with the rotary antenna plate an intermediate cavity conforming the magnetic field (to have a symmetry not obtained in the waveguide), in the extension of the main waveguide connecting the magnetron to the heating chamber, the coupling between the waveguide and the cavity being formed by means of the rod of the antenna.

La cavitĆ© emmagasine l'Ć©nergie et l'antenne rotative restitue l'Ć©nergie dans l'enceinte de chauffage de maniĆØre symĆ©trique.The cavity stores energy and the rotating antenna restores the energy in the heating chamber symmetrically.

Cette cavitƩ crƩƩe dans la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage permet de rƩpartir uniformƩment la quantitƩ d'Ʃnergie dans l'enceinte de chauffage quelle que soit la position du magnƩtron par rapport Ơ cette enceinte.This cavity created in the wall of the heating chamber makes it possible to evenly distribute the quantity of energy in the heating chamber regardless of the position of the magnetron with respect to this enclosure.

Ainsi, le problĆØme d'asymĆ©trie dans la rĆ©partition de la quantitĆ© d'Ć©nergie rayonnĆ©e dans l'enceinte de chauffage est rĆ©solu grĆ¢ce au logement crĆ©Ć© dans la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage et couplant le guide d'ondes Ć  l'enceinte de chauffage.Thus, the problem of asymmetry in the distribution of the amount of energy radiated in the heating chamber is solved thanks to the housing created in the wall of the heating chamber and coupling the waveguide to the enclosure of heater.

L'antenne rotative permet de gĆ©nĆ©rer une quantitĆ© d'Ć©nergie sortant de la fente rayonnante Ć©gale en toute position angulaire de ladite antenne rotative. En d'autres termes, la mĆŖme quantitĆ© d'Ć©nergie entre dans l'enceinte de chauffage quelle que soit la position angulaire de l'antenne rotative.The rotating antenna makes it possible to generate a quantity of energy leaving the equal radiating gap in any angular position of said rotary antenna. In other words, the same amount of energy enters the heating chamber regardless of the angular position of the rotating antenna.

La fente rayonnante montƩe en rotation permet d'exciter l'enceinte de chauffage selon des modes d'excitation multiples.The radiant slot mounted in rotation makes it possible to excite the heating chamber according to multiple excitation modes.

En effet, pour chaque position angulaire de l'antenne rotative, la fente rayonnante correspond Ơ un mode d'excitation de l'enceinte de chauffage diffƩrent.Indeed, for each angular position of the rotating antenna, the radiating slot corresponds to a different excitation mode of the heating chamber.

Chacun des modes d'excitation, diffƩrents les uns des autres, sont complƩmentaires pour obtenir une rƩpartition de champ uniforme dans l'enceinte de chauffage.Each of the excitation modes, different from each other, are complementary to obtain a uniform field distribution in the heating chamber.

On obtient ainsi une homogƩnƩitƩ dans la rƩpartition de l'Ʃnergie micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage, Ʃvitant de recourir Ơ l'utilisation d'un plateau tournant.This gives a homogeneity in the distribution of microwave energy in the heating chamber, avoiding the use of a turntable.

L'Ć©nergie micro-ondes sortant uniquement par la fente rayonnante, un maximum de modes sont excitĆ©s dans l'enceinte de chauffage et ne sont pas les mĆŖmes en fonction de la position angulaire de l'antenne rotative.Microwave energy coming out only by the radiating slot, a maximum of modes are excited in the heating chamber and are not the same depending on the angular position of the rotating antenna.

Ainsi, la rƩpartition de l'Ʃnergie rayonnƩe dans l'enceinte de chauffage est mieux maitrisƩe.Thus, the distribution of the energy radiated in the heating chamber is better controlled.

Selon une caractƩristique avantageuse de l'invention, le logement est de forme de rƩvolution autour d'un axe, la tige de l'antenne s'Ʃtendant selon ledit axe, et la plaque comporte au moins une portion de bord pƩriphƩrique en arc de cercle Ơ proximitƩ d'une paroi de rƩvolution du logement.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the housing is in the form of a revolution about an axis, the antenna rod extending along said axis, and the plate comprises at least a peripheral edge portion in a circular arc. near a wall of revolution of housing.

Ainsi, la cavitƩ formƩe par le logement de forme de rƩvolution et la plaque de l'antenne rotative est quasiment fermƩe, hormis la prƩsence de la fente rayonnante permettant de dƩlivrer de l'Ʃnergie dans l'enceinte de chauffage.Thus, the cavity formed by the revolution-shaped housing and the plate of the rotating antenna is almost closed, except for the presence of the radiating slot for delivering energy into the heating chamber.

L'antenne rotative ne dƩpasse pas du logement et est ainsi escamotƩe dans la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage, sans dƩpasser Ơ l'intƩrieur de celle-ci.The rotating antenna does not protrude from the housing and is thus retracted into the wall of the heating chamber without going beyond it.

Afin de favoriser le couplage entre cette cavitƩ et l'enceinte de chauffage et dƩlivrer une puissance maximale Ơ l'enceinte de chauffage, la fente rayonnante s'Ʃtend suivant un arc de cercle de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'Ʃnergie Ơ haute frƩquence fournie.In order to promote the coupling between this cavity and the heating chamber and to deliver maximum power to the heating chamber, the radiating slot extends along an arc of a circle of length of the order of a half-length. high frequency energy wave provided.

De prƩfƩrence, la distance sƩparant la fente rayonnante du point de fixation de la plaque est sensiblement Ʃgale Ơ un quart de longueur d'onde de l'Ʃnergie Ơ haute frƩquence fournie.Preferably, the distance separating the radiating gap from the point of attachment of the plate is substantially equal to a quarter of a wavelength of the high frequency energy supplied.

Cette fente rayonnante est ainsi adaptƩe Ơ couper perpendiculairement les courants Ʃlectriques circulant dans la plaque de l'antenne Ơ partir du point de fixation de la tige de l'antenne, dans une portion de la plaque au niveau de laquelle les courants Ʃlectriques sont sensiblement dirigƩs dans des directions radiales Ơ partir du point de fixation.This radiating slot is thus adapted to perpendicularly cut the electric currents flowing in the antenna plate from the point of attachment of the antenna rod, in a portion of the plate at which the electric currents are substantially directed. in radial directions from the point of attachment.

Selon une caractƩristique pratique de l'invention, la fente rayonnante est dƩfinie par une seconde portion de bord pƩriphƩrique en arc de cercle de la plaque.According to a practical feature of the invention, the radiating slot is defined by a second peripheral edge portion in an arc of the plate.

La Demanderesse a constatƩ qu'une seconde portion de bord pƩriphƩrique, coupant les courants Ʃlectriques circulant dans la plaque Ʃtait suffisante pour dƩfinir une fente rayonnante et crƩer un champ Ʃlectrique rayonnant dans l'enceinte de chauffage.The Applicant has found that a second peripheral edge portion, cutting the electric currents flowing in the plate was sufficient to define a radiating slot and create a radiating electric field in the heating chamber.

Selon une autre caractƩristique de l'invention, le four Ơ micro-ondes comprend au moins un ƩlƩment conducteur formant obstacle, s'Ʃtendant Ơ proximitƩ de la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage, en vis-Ơ-vis du logement, et la fente rayonnante s'Ʃtend suivant un arc de cercle de longueur telle que, quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque de l'antenne rotative, une portion de la fente rayonnante de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'Ʃnergie Ơ haute frƩquence fournie s'Ʃtend au-delƠ de l'ƩlƩment conducteur formant obstacle.According to another characteristic of the invention, the microwave oven comprises at least one obstacle-forming conductive element, extending close to the wall of the heating enclosure, opposite the housing, and the radiating slot extends along a circular arc of length such that, regardless of the angular position of the plate of the rotating antenna, a portion of the radiating slot length of the order of half a length of The supplied high frequency energy wave extends beyond the obstacle forming element.

Le dimensionnement de la fente rayonnante permet ainsi d'obtenir une impƩdance ramenƩe au niveau du magnƩtron qui reste stable sur une rotation de l'antenne.The sizing of the radiating slot thus makes it possible to obtain an impedance brought back to the level of the magnetron which remains stable on a rotation of the antenna.

Ainsi, quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque de l'antenne en vis-Ć -vis de l'Ć©lĆ©ment formant obstacle, la fente rayonnante est de dimension suffisante pour permettre un couplage du magnĆ©tron Ć  l'enceinte de chauffage de maniĆØre Ć  dĆ©livrer une puissance maximale.Thus, whatever the angular position of the antenna plate vis-Ć -vis the obstacle element, the radiating slot is of sufficient size to allow coupling of the magnetron to the heating chamber so as to deliver maximum power.

Cette antenne rotative permet ainsi Ć  la fois d'adapter en impĆ©dance la chaine de micro-ondes entre le magnĆ©tron et l'enceinte de chauffage, et ceci quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque de l'antenne rotative, et d'obtenir, grĆ¢ce Ć  la rotation de la fente rayonnante, une homogĆ©nĆ©itĆ© dans la rĆ©partition de l'Ć©nergie micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage en excitant une multitude de modes.This rotary antenna thus makes it possible both to impedance match the microwave chain between the magnetron and the heating chamber, and this regardless of the angular position of the plate of the rotating antenna, and to obtain, thanks to the rotation of the radiating slot, a homogeneity in the distribution of the microwave energy in the heating chamber by exciting a multitude of modes.

La prƩsente invention fournit ainsi une fente rayonnante dans une antenne rotative permettant de s'affranchir des obstacles s'Ʃtendant devant la fente au cours du cycle de rotation de l'antenne, et permettant ainsi de dƩlivrer une puissance maximale dans l'enceinte de chauffage quelle que soit la position angulaire de la fente rayonnante.The present invention thus provides a radiating slot in a rotary antenna to overcome the obstacles extending in front of the slot during the rotation cycle of the antenna, and thus to deliver a maximum power in the heating chamber whatever the angular position of the radiating slot.

En pratique, l'ƩlƩment conducteur formant obstacle comporte un fil sensiblement rectiligne s'Ʃtendant en vis-Ơ-vis du logement de forme de rƩvolution, la fente rayonnante s'Ʃtendant suivant un arc de cercle de longueur de l'ordre de deux fois une demi-longueur d'onde.In practice, the obstacle-conducting element comprises a substantially rectilinear wire extending opposite the revolution-shaped housing, the radiating slot extending along a circular arc of length of the order of two times half a wavelength.

Ainsi, lorsque l'ƩlƩment formant obstacle est disposƩ perpendiculairement Ơ la fente rayonnante, il coupe le rayonnement de celle-ci.Thus, when the obstacle element is disposed perpendicular to the radiating gap, it cuts off the radiation thereof.

Toutefois, il existe toujours d'un cƓtƩ ou de l'autre de l'ƩlƩment formant obstacle, une portion de fente rayonnante de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde, adaptƩe Ơ Ʃmettre de l'Ʃnergie Ơ une puissance maximale sans changer l'impƩdance vis-Ơ-vis du magnƩtron.However, there is always on one side or the other of the obstacle element, a portion of radiating slot of the order of a half-wavelength length, adapted to emit energy to a maximum power without changing the impedance vis-Ơ-vis the magnetron.

De maniĆØre avantageuse, le logement de forme de rĆ©volution est embouti dans une paroi latĆ©rale de l'enceinte de chauffage, un ou plusieurs fils parallĆØles d'un gradin s'Ć©tendant devant cette paroi latĆ©rale, en vis-Ć -vis du logement, et donc en vis-Ć -vis de l'antenne rotative, et la fente rayonnante s'Ć©tend sur un secteur angulaire supĆ©rieur Ć  120Ā°.Advantageously, the revolution-shaped housing is stamped in a side wall of the heating chamber, one or more parallel wires of a step extending in front of this side wall, opposite the housing, and therefore vis-Ć -vis the rotating antenna, and the radiating slot extends over an angular sector greater than 120 Ā°.

Cette disposition permet d'alimenter correctement une enceinte de chauffage malgrƩ la prƩsence de gradins devant l'antenne rotative, celle-ci Ʃtant placƩe le long d'une paroi latƩrale de l'enceinte de chauffage.This arrangement makes it possible to correctly feed a heating chamber despite the presence of steps in front of the rotating antenna, the latter being placed along a side wall of the heating chamber.

D'autres particularitĆ©s et avantages de l'invention apparaĆ®tront encore dans la description ci-aprĆØs.Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description below.

Aux dessins annexƩs, donnƩs Ơ titre d'exemples non limitatifs :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un four Ć  micro-ondes, illustrant le montage d'une antenne rotative Ć  l'intĆ©rieur d'une enceinte du four selon un mode de rĆ©alisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du four Ć  micro-ondes de la figure 1, illustrant le montage de l'antenne rotative sur l'extĆ©rieur de l'enceinte du four ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de face d'une paroi latĆ©rale de l'enceinte de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe schĆ©matique illustrant le positionnement d'une antenne rotative dans une enceinte de four Ć  micro-ondes selon un mode de rĆ©alisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de face illustrant une structure d'antenne rotative selon un premier mode de rĆ©alisation ; et
  • la figure 6 est une vue de face illustrant une structure d'antenne rotative selon un second mode de rĆ©alisation de l'invention.
In the accompanying drawings, given as non-limiting examples:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a microwave oven, illustrating the mounting of a rotating antenna within a furnace enclosure according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of the microwave oven from the figure 1 , illustrating the mounting of the rotating antenna on the outside of the oven enclosure;
  • the figure 3 is a front view of a side wall of the enclosure of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 4 is a schematic sectional view illustrating the positioning of a rotary antenna in a microwave oven enclosure according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 5 is a front view illustrating a rotating antenna structure according to a first embodiment; and
  • the figure 6 is a front view illustrating a rotating antenna structure according to a second embodiment of the invention.

On va dƩcrire Ơ prƩsent un mode de rƩalisation de l'invention mise en oeuvre dans un four Ơ micro-ondes.We will now describe an embodiment of the invention implemented in a microwave oven.

On a illustrƩ sur la figure 1 une enceinte de chauffage d'un four Ơ micro-ondes avec ses ƩlƩments fonctionnels, la carrosserie et la porte du four ayant ƩtƩ retirƩes pour faciliter la comprƩhension de l'invention.We illustrated on the figure 1 a heating chamber of a microwave oven with its functional elements, the body and the oven door having been removed to facilitate the understanding of the invention.

Comme bien illustrƩ sur les figures 1 et 2, le four Ơ micro-ondes comporte une enceinte de chauffage 10 dƩfinie par des parois latƩrales 11, 12, une paroi supƩrieure 13, Ʃgalement appelƩe voƻte, et une paroi infƩrieure 14, Ʃgalement appelƩe sole du four.As well illustrated on figures 1 and 2 , the microwave oven comprises a heating chamber 10 defined by side walls 11, 12, an upper wall 13, also called vault, and a bottom wall 14, also called the hearth of the oven.

Une paroi de fond 15, disposƩe Ơ l'opposƩ de l'ouverture fermƩe par la porte, permet de dƩfinir ainsi une cavitƩ parallƩlƩpipƩdique pour le chauffage ou la cuisson d'aliments.A bottom wall 15, disposed opposite the opening closed by the door, thus defines a parallelepiped cavity for heating or cooking food.

Afin d'alimenter en Ć©nergie haute frĆ©quence l'enceinte de chauffage 10, il est prĆ©vu de maniĆØre classique un magnĆ©tron 20, dont l'antenne 21 (voir figure 4) dĆ©bouche dans un guide d'ondes 30 formĆ© contre une paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.In order to supply the heating chamber 10 with high frequency energy, a magnetron 20, including the antenna 21 (see FIG. figure 4 ) opens into a waveguide 30 formed against a wall of the heating chamber 10.

Outre ce systĆØme d'alimentation en micro-ondes de la cavitĆ©, qui va ĆŖtre dĆ©crit en dĆ©tail ci-dessous, le four Ć  micro-ondes comporte ici des Ć©lĆ©ments chauffants, et notamment des Ć©lĆ©ments chauffants radiants du type rĆ©sistances Ć©lectriques.In addition to this microwave feed system of the cavity, which will be described in detail below, the microwave oven here comprises heating elements, including radiant heating elements of the electric heater type.

Dans le mode de rƩalisation tel qu'illustrƩ Ơ la figure 4, l'enceinte de chauffage 10 comporte ainsi des ƩlƩments radiants 16 au niveau de la voute 13 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 permettant notamment d'assurer une fonction de chauffage de l'enceinte 10 et de gril.In the embodiment as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , the heating chamber 10 thus comprises radiant elements 16 at the level of the vault 13 of the heating chamber 10 in particular to ensure a heating function of the enclosure 10 and grill.

Bien que non illustrƩ, l'enceinte de chauffage 10 peut Ʃgalement comporter au niveau de la sole 14 des ƩlƩments chauffants disposƩs sous celle-ci, permettant de chauffer l'enceinte de chauffage 10.Although not illustrated, the heating chamber 10 may also include at the hearth 14 heating elements arranged below it, for heating the heating chamber 10.

La prƩsence de ces ƩlƩments chauffants dans le four de cuisson Ơ micro-ondes permet ainsi d'ajouter une fonction de cuisson traditionnelle, et peut Ʃventuellement permettre la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction de nettoyage par pyrolyse des parois de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The presence of these heating elements in the microwave oven thus makes it possible to add a traditional cooking function, and may possibly allow the implementation of a cleaning function by pyrolysis of the walls of the heating chamber. 10.

Comme bien illustrƩ Ʃgalement sur les figures 1 et 2, des gradins 17 sont dƩfinis sur les parois latƩrales 11, 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 permettant le positionnement Ơ diffƩrentes hauteurs d'un plat de cuisson (voir par exemple le plat de cuisson P illustrƩ Ơ la figure 4).As well illustrated also on figures 1 and 2 , Steps 17 are defined on the side walls 11, 12 of the heating chamber 10 allowing the positioning at different heights of a baking dish (see for example the cooking plate P illustrated in FIG. figure 4 ).

Ainsi, lors d'une cuisson traditionnelle par les Ć©lĆ©ments chauffants radiants, le plat P peut ĆŖtre rĆ©glĆ© en hauteur dans la cavitĆ©.Thus, during traditional cooking by the radiant heating elements, the flat P can be adjusted in height in the cavity.

PrƩfƩrentiellement, pour une cuisson par micro-ondes, le plat P est placƩ en position basse sur le gradin infƩrieur 17, Ơ proximitƩ de la sole 14 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.Preferably, for microwave cooking, the dish P is placed in the lower position on the lower step 17, near the hearth 14 of the heating chamber 10.

Pour une cuisson combinĆ©e (micro-ondes et Ć©lĆ©ments chauffants radiants), le niveau du plat P peut ĆŖtre quelconque.For combined cooking (microwaves and radiant heating elements), the level of the dish P can be arbitrary.

Dans ce mode de rĆ©alisation, chaque niveau du gradin 17 est rĆ©alisĆ© Ć  partir de deux fils 18 disposĆ©s parallĆØlement l'un par rapport Ć  l'autre et dans un plan parallĆØle aux parois latĆ©rales 11, 12.In this embodiment, each level of the step 17 is made from two son 18 arranged parallel to one another and in a plane parallel to the side walls 11, 12.

Le gradin 17 comprend plusieurs niveaux, et par exemple trois niveaux tel qu'illustrƩ aux figures 1 Ơ 4.Step 17 comprises several levels, and for example three levels as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 .

Ces gradins 17 constituƩs de fils 18 de gradin sont fixƩs sur les parois latƩrales 11, 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 par des ƩlƩments de fixation tels que des crochets en cƩramique 19a. Ils sont maintenus ƩcartƩs des parois latƩrales 11, 12 par des rondelles en tƩflon 19b.These steps 17 consist of step son 18 are fixed on the side walls 11, 12 of the heating chamber 10 by fastening elements such as ceramic hooks 19a. They are kept spaced from the side walls 11, 12 by teflon washers 19b.

Bien entendu, ces ƩlƩments de fixation 19a, 19b des gradins 17 constituƩs de fils 18 sont donnƩs uniquement Ơ titre d'exemples non limitatifs.Of course, these fastening elements 19a, 19b steps 17 consist of son 18 are given only by way of non-limiting examples.

Toutefois, une caractĆ©ristique avantageuse de ces Ć©lĆ©ments de fixation consiste Ć  positionner ces Ć©lĆ©ments 19a, 19b dans des emboutis 11 a, 12a des parois latĆ©rales 11, 12 de maniĆØre Ć  libĆ©rer au maximum l'enceinte de chauffage 10.However, an advantageous characteristic of these fastening elements is to position these elements 19a, 19b in stampings 11a, 12a of the side walls 11, 12 so as to release the heating chamber 10 as much as possible.

Ces fils 18 de gradin sont rƩalisƩs en fils mƩtalliques, et par exemple en acier chromƩ.These steps son 18 are made of metal son, and for example chromed steel.

On va dĆ©crire Ć  prĆ©sent plus en dĆ©tail le systĆØme d'alimentation Ć  micro-ondes de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, notamment en rĆ©fĆ©rence Ć  la figure 4.We will now describe in more detail the microwave power supply system of the heating chamber 10, in particular with reference to the figure 4 .

Comme indiquƩ prƩcƩdemment, un magnƩtron 20 permet de fournir une Ʃnergie en haute frƩquence au niveau d'une antenne 21 dƩbouchant Ơ une extrƩmitƩ du guide d'ondes 30.As indicated above, a magnetron 20 makes it possible to supply high frequency energy at an antenna 21 opening at one end of the waveguide 30.

Classiquement, ce magnƩtron 20 est adaptƩ Ơ Ʃmettre des micro-ondes Ơ une frƩquence de 2,45 GHz correspondant Ơ une longueur d'onde de l'ordre de 12,24 cm dans l'espace libre.Conventionally, this magnetron 20 is adapted to emit microwaves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz corresponding to a wavelength of the order of 12.24 cm in the free space.

Dans ce mode de rƩalisation, le guide d'ondes 30 s'Ʃtend le long d'une paroi latƩrale, et ici le long de la paroi latƩrale droite 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 entre la surface extƩrieure de cette paroi latƩrale 12 et la carrosserie du four (non reprƩsentƩe).In this embodiment, the waveguide 30 extends along a side wall, and here along the right side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10 between the outer surface of this side wall 12 and the oven body (not shown).

Le guide d'ondes 30 prƩsente ainsi une section rectangulaire variable dans sa longueur permettant de coupler le magnƩtron 20 Ơ l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The waveguide 30 thus has a rectangular section variable in its length for coupling the magnetron 20 to the heating chamber 10.

Une antenne rotative 40 est adaptƩe Ơ coupler le guide d'ondes 30 avec l'enceinte de chauffage 10.A rotary antenna 40 is adapted to couple the waveguide 30 with the heating chamber 10.

Cette antenne rotative 40 comporte une tige 41 s'Ʃtendant en partie dans le guide d'ondes 30 et dƩbouchant au travers de la paroi latƩrale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.This rotary antenna 40 comprises a rod 41 extending partly in the waveguide 30 and opening through the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10.

Le guide d'ondes 30 et l'enceinte de chauffage 10 sont solidaires, et fixƩs, notamment par soudage, autour du trou de passage de la tige 41 du guide d'ondes 30 vers l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The waveguide 30 and the heating chamber 10 are integral, and fixed, in particular by welding, around the through hole of the rod 41 of the waveguide 30 towards the heating chamber 10.

Dans ce mode de rƩalisation, l'antenne 40 est montƩe avec sa tige 41 au niveau d'une partie infƩrieure 32 du guide d'ondes 30.In this embodiment, the antenna 40 is mounted with its rod 41 at a lower portion 32 of the waveguide 30.

Afin d'adapter l'impƩdance du magnƩtron 20 Ơ l'impƩdance de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, un plot (Ʃgalement appelƩ stud en terminologie anglo-saxonne) statique 31 est placƩ dans le guide d'ondes 30 entre l'antenne 21 du magnƩtron 20 et l'antenne rotative 40.In order to adapt the impedance of the magnetron 20 to the impedance of the heating enclosure 10, a static pin 31 (also called stud in English terminology) is placed in the waveguide 30 between the antenna 21 magnetron 20 and rotary antenna 40.

De maniĆØre classique, le diamĆØtre, la hauteur et la position du stud 31 sont dĆ©terminĆ©s en fonction de la constitution de la chaĆ®ne d'ondes pour favoriser l'adaptation d'impĆ©dance.Conventionally, the diameter, the height and the position of the stud 31 are determined according to the constitution of the waveband to promote impedance matching.

L'antenne 40 est montĆ©e en rotation grĆ¢ce Ć  un systĆØme d'entrainement par un moteur 50.The antenna 40 is mounted in rotation by means of a drive system by a motor 50.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif, le moteur 50 est adaptƩ Ơ entrainer l'antenne 40 en rotation Ơ une vitesse de 5 tr/mn.By way of non-limiting example, the motor 50 is adapted to drive the antenna 40 in rotation at a speed of 5 rpm.

Plus prƩcisƩment, dans ce mode de rƩalisation, l'antenne rotative 40 est entrainƩe par le moteur 50 par un couplage indirect au moyen d'un dispositif de courroie 55 et de poulies 51, 52.More specifically, in this embodiment, the rotary antenna 40 is driven by the motor 50 by indirect coupling by means of a belt device 55 and pulleys 51, 52.

Une poulie 51 solidaire de l'axe de sortie du moteur 50 permet de transmettre au moyen d'une courroie 55 son mouvement de rotation Ơ une poulie de renvoi 52 montƩe sur un axe 53 solidaire de la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40.A pulley 51 secured to the output shaft of the motor 50 makes it possible to transmit by means of a belt 55 its rotational movement to a return pulley 52 mounted on an axis 53 integral with the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40.

L'axe 53 est en matiĆØre transparente aux micro-ondes, tel que par exemple en tĆ©flon ou cĆ©ramique.The shaft 53 is made of a material that is transparent to microwaves, such as, for example, Teflon or ceramic.

Afin de favoriser la rotation de la tige 41 lorsqu'elle traverse la paroi 33 du guide d'ondes 30 et la paroi latƩrale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, une rondelle 54 est prƩvue.In order to promote the rotation of the rod 41 as it passes through the wall 33 of the waveguide 30 and the lateral wall 12 of the heating enclosure 10, a washer 54 is provided.

La rondelle 54 est un palier en matiĆØre transparente aux micro-ondes, tel que par exemple en tĆ©flon ou en cĆ©ramique, et permet de centrer la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40 dans le trou de passage (non rĆ©fĆ©rencĆ©) entre le guide d'ondes 30 et l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The washer 54 is a bearing made of a material that is transparent to microwaves, such as, for example, teflon or ceramic, and makes it possible to center the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40 in the passage hole (not referenced) between the guide 30 and the heating chamber 10.

Bien entendu, l'entrainement de l'antenne 40 en rotation pourrait ĆŖtre mis en oeuvre par un montage direct sur l'axe du moteur 50.Of course, the drive of the antenna 40 in rotation could be implemented by a direct mounting on the axis of the motor 50.

Toutefois, le montage dĆ©crit prĆ©cĆ©demment permet de dĆ©porter le moteur 50 sous la paroi infĆ©rieure 14 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 et de limiter ainsi l'encombrement du systĆØme d'entrainement de l'antenne rotative 40 entre la paroi latĆ©rale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 et la carrosserie (non reprĆ©sentĆ©e).However, the assembly described above makes it possible to move the motor 50 under the lower wall 14 of the heating chamber 10 and thus to limit the size of the drive system of the rotary antenna 40 between the side wall 12 of the heating enclosure 10 and the body (not shown).

Par ailleurs, les poulies 51, 52 reliƩes en mouvement par la courroie 55 sont montƩes sur un profilƩ 56 formant support.Furthermore, the pulleys 51, 52 connected in movement by the belt 55 are mounted on a section 56 forming a support.

Ce profilĆ© 56 comporte des faces planes destinĆ©es Ć  supporter les poulies 51, 52 en rotation ainsi qu'une aile repliĆ©e 57 s'Ć©tendant dans un plan perpendiculaire Ć  la paroi latĆ©rale 12 de maniĆØre Ć  former une entretoise pour maintenir l'Ć©cartement entre la paroi 12 et la carrosserie. On empĆŖche ainsi toute possibilitĆ© de contact au travers de la carrosserie 12 avec le systĆØme d'entrainement de l'antenne rotative 40, et tout risque de dĆ©placement de l'antenne 40.This profile 56 has plane faces intended to support the pulleys 51, 52 in rotation and a folded wing 57 extending in a plane perpendicular to the side wall 12 so as to form a spacer to maintain the spacing between the wall 12 and the bodywork. This prevents any possibility of contact through the body 12 with the drive system of the rotary antenna 40, and any risk of displacement of the antenna 40.

L'antenne rotative 40 comporte en outre une plaque 70 montƩe Ơ une extrƩmitƩ 43 de la tige 41, par exemple au moyen d'une vis de fixation 44. La tige 41 et la plaque 70 sont rƩalisƩes en un matƩriau Ʃlectriquement conducteur, et par exemple en mƩtal Ơ faible perte mƩtallique (aluminium, cuivre).The rotary antenna 40 further comprises a plate 70 mounted at one end 43 of the rod 41, for example by means of a fixing screw 44. The rod 41 and the plate 70 are made of an electrically conductive material, and by example metal low loss metal (aluminum, copper).

Comme bien illustrƩ Ơ la figure 4, l'extrƩmitƩ 43 de la tige 41 et la plaque 70 dƩbouche de la paroi latƩrale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 dans un logement 60.As well illustrated at the figure 4 , the end 43 of the rod 41 and the plate 70 opens out of the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10 in a housing 60.

Dans ce mode de rƩalisation, le logement 60 est un logement de forme de rƩvolution, obtenu directement par un ou plusieurs emboutis de forme cylindrique rƩalisƩs dans la paroi latƩrale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.In this embodiment, the housing 60 is a housing of revolution shape, obtained directly by one or more cylindrical shaped stampings made in the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10.

Ce logement cylindrique 60 prƩsente un axe de rƩvolution X le long duquel la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40 s'Ʃtend.This cylindrical housing 60 has an axis of revolution X along which the shaft 41 of the rotary antenna 40 extends.

Ainsi, l'antenne rotative 40 est positionnƩe au niveau de sa tige 41 au centre du logement cylindrique 60.Thus, the rotary antenna 40 is positioned at its stem 41 in the center of the cylindrical housing 60.

Dans ce mode de rĆ©alisation, la paroi latĆ©rale 12 comporte plus prĆ©cisĆ©ment trois emboutis de forme cylindrique 61, 62, 63 concentriques et de mĆŖme axe de rĆ©volution X.In this embodiment, the side wall 12 more precisely comprises three concentric cylindrical moldings 61, 62, 63 concentric with the same axis of revolution X.

Bien entendu, le nombre d'emboutis n'est nullement limitatif.Of course, the number of embossed is in no way limiting.

Les emboutis cylindriques 61, 62, 63 sont de diamĆØtres croissants en direction du centre de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The cylindrical stampings 61, 62, 63 are of increasing diameters towards the center of the heating chamber 10.

Un premier embouti 61 dƩfinit ainsi au moins partiellement le logement 60 formƩ par la paroi latƩrale 12 emboutie et la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40.A first stamp 61 thus at least partially defines the housing 60 formed by the stamped side wall 12 and the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.

Un deuxiĆØme embouti 62 est formĆ© en aval de la plaque 70 et un troisiĆØme embouti 63 de dimensions supĆ©rieures permet de fixer une plaque d'obturation 64 en un matĆ©riau transparent au micro-ondes, du type mica.A second press 62 is formed downstream of the plate 70 and a third embossed 63 of larger dimensions makes it possible to fix a shutter plate 64 in a microwave-transparent material of the mica type.

Le deuxiĆØme embouti 62 permet ainsi de loger l'antenne rotative 40 et d'empĆŖcher celle-ci de venir toucher la plaque d'obturation 64.The second press 62 thus makes it possible to house the rotary antenna 40 and prevent it from coming into contact with the closure plate 64.

Cette plaque de mica 64 (qui a Ć©tĆ© Ć“tĆ©e sur les figures 1 et 3 afin de faciliter la comprĆ©hension du montage de l'antenne rotative 40) permet ainsi d'obturer le logement 60 en s'Ć©tendant Ć  distance et parallĆØlement Ć  la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40.This mica plate 64 (which was removed on the figures 1 and 3 in order to facilitate understanding of the mounting of the rotary antenna 40) thus makes it possible to close the housing 60 while extending at a distance and parallel to the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.

Cette plaque d'obturation 64 permet Ć©galement de reconstituer Ć  l'intĆ©rieur de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 une paroi latĆ©rale 12 sensiblement plane, empĆŖchant l'utilisateur de tout contact avec l'antenne rotative 40 placĆ©e dans le logement 60.This shutter plate 64 also makes it possible to reconstitute inside the heating enclosure 10 a substantially flat lateral wall 12, preventing the user from any contact with the rotary antenna 40 placed in the housing 60.

Elle protĆØge Ć©galement l'antenne rotative 40 des salissures et projections en provenance de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 lors de la cuisson des aliments.It also protects the rotary antenna 40 from dirt and splashes coming from the heating chamber 10 during the cooking of food.

GrĆ¢ce Ć  ce montage de l'antenne rotative 40, le logement 60 forme une cavitĆ© de propagation des micro-ondes prolongeant le guide d'ondes 30, l'Ć©nergie micro-ondes Ć©tant transmise par la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40 du guide d'ondes 30 au logement 60.Thanks to this mounting of the rotary antenna 40, the housing 60 forms a microwave propagation cavity extending the waveguide 30, the microwave energy being transmitted by the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40 of the waveguide 30 to the housing 60.

Comme bien illustrĆ© sur la figure 3, la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40 prĆ©sente une portion 73 de bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique en arc de cercle adaptĆ©e, comme illustrĆ© sur la figure 4, Ć  ĆŖtre disposĆ©e Ć  proximitĆ© de la paroi de rĆ©volution 61 du logement 60.As well illustrated on the figure 3 , the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40 has a portion 73 of peripheral edge in a suitable arc of a circle, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , to be disposed near the revolution wall 61 of the housing 60.

Lorsque l'antenne rotative 40 est entrainƩe en rotation dans le logement 60, la portion de bord pƩriphƩrique 73 est entrainƩe en rotation Ơ proximitƩ de la paroi de rƩvolution 61.When the rotary antenna 40 is rotated in the housing 60, the peripheral edge portion 73 is rotated near the revolution wall 61.

Le logement 60 est sensiblement obturƩ par l'antenne 40, formant ainsi une cavitƩ emprisonnant les micro-ondes Ʃmises au niveau de la portion de tige 43 de l'antenne rotative 40.The housing 60 is substantially closed by the antenna 40, thus forming a cavity trapping the microwaves emitted at the rod portion 43 of the rotary antenna 40.

Du fait de l'Ʃnergie micro-ondes existant dans ce logement 60, des courants Ʃlectriques circulent dans la plaque 70 Ơ partir du point de fixation 72 de la plaque 70 vers le bord pƩriphƩrique 73 de l'antenne rotative 40, c'est-Ơ-dire du centre de rotation de la plaque 70 vers le bord pƩriphƩrique 73.Because of the microwave energy existing in this housing 60, electric currents flow in the plate 70 from the point of attachment 72 of the plate 70 to the peripheral edge 73 of the rotary antenna 40, that is, that is, the center of rotation of the plate 70 towards the peripheral edge 73.

Des courants Ć©lectriques circulent radialement dans la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40, du point de fixation 72 vers le bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73. Ces courants Ć©lectriques prĆ©sentent des points de convergence ou de divergence au niveau du point de fixation 72 et du bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73. Ces points de divergence et de convergence sont liĆ©s Ć  la sinusoĆÆde du courant Ć©lectrique circulant radialement dans la plaque 70. Lorsque le point de fixation 72 prĆ©sente un point de convergence, le bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73 prĆ©sente des points de divergence, et inversement.Electrical currents circulate radially in the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40, from the point of attachment 72 to the peripheral edge 73. These electric currents have points of convergence or divergence at the point of attachment 72 and the peripheral edge 73. These points of divergence and convergence are related to the sinusoid of the electric current flowing radially in the plate 70. When the point of attachment 72 has a point of convergence, the peripheral edge 73 has points of divergence, and vice versa.

Comme illustrƩ Ơ la figure 5, la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40 comporte une fente rayonnante 71 disposƩe Ơ une distance d du point de fixation 72 de la plaque 70 Ơ la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40, c'est-Ơ-dire du centre de rotation de la plaque 70. Les courants Ʃlectriques circulant radialement dans la plaque 70 sont coupƩs par la fente rayonnante 71. Cette distance est sensiblement Ʃgale Ơ un quart de la longueur d'onde de l'Ʃnergie micro-ondes fournie par le magnƩtron 20.As illustrated in figure 5 , the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40 has a radiating slot 71 disposed at a distance d from the point of attachment 72 of the plate 70 to the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40, that is to say from the center of rotation of the plate 70. The electric currents circulating radially in the plate 70 are cut by the radiating slot 71. This distance is substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the microwave energy supplied by the magnetron 20.

En disposant une fente rayonnante 71 Ơ une distance du centre de rotation 72 sensiblement Ʃgale Ơ un quart de la longueur d'onde, la fente rayonnante 71 coupe perpendiculairement les lignes de courant Ʃlectrique de sorte qu'un champ ƩlectromagnƩtique rayonnant est crƩƩ au niveau de cette fente rayonnante 71 en direction de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.By disposing a radiating slot 71 at a distance from the center of rotation 72 substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength, the radiating slot 71 intersects the electric current lines perpendicularly so that a radiating electromagnetic field is created at the this radiating slot 71 towards the heating chamber 10.

Au niveau du centre de rotation 72 de l'antenne rotative 40, il s'agit d'un point convergent ou divergent des courants Ʃlectriques et inversement au niveau du bord pƩriphƩrique 73 de l'antenne rotative 40, il s'agit d'un point divergent ou convergent. Entre les deux points, les lignes de courants Ʃlectriques radiales sont coupƩes par la fente rayonnante 71.At the center of rotation 72 of the rotary antenna 40, it is a convergent point or diverging electrical currents and conversely at the peripheral edge 73 of the rotary antenna 40, it is a point diverge or converge. Between the two points, the lines of radial electric currents are cut by the radiating slot 71.

Comme bien illustrƩ aux figures 3 et 5, la fente rayonnante 71 est dƩfinie suivant une seconde portion 74 du bord pƩriphƩrique en arc de cercle dans la plaque 70.As well illustrated at figures 3 and 5 , the radiating slot 71 is defined in a second portion 74 of the peripheral edge in an arc of a circle in the plate 70.

Afin de permettre un couplage optimal entre l'antenne rotative 40 et l'enceinte de chauffage 10, et une Ʃmission Ơ puissance maximale des micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage 10, il est important que la fente rayonnante 71 ait une longueur de l'ordre de la moitiƩ de la longueur d'onde.In order to allow an optimal coupling between the rotary antenna 40 and the heating enclosure 10, and a maximum power emission of the microwaves in the heating enclosure 10, it is important that the radiating slot 71 has a length of the order of half the wavelength.

Dans ce mode de rƩalisation, la fente rayonnante 71 a une forme sensiblement annulaire et est dƩfinie par le bord pƩriphƩrique 74 en forme d'arc de cercle centrƩ sur le centre de rotation 72 de la plaque 70.In this embodiment, the radiating slot 71 has a substantially annular shape and is defined by the peripheral edge 74 in the form of a circular arc centered on the center of rotation 72 of the plate 70.

Ainsi, comme bien illustrƩ Ơ la figure 5, la plaque 70 comporte un premier bord pƩriphƩrique 73 dont le rayon correspond sensiblement au rayon d'ouverture du logement 60 et un second bord pƩriphƩrique 74, de rayon infƩrieur, adaptƩ Ơ dƩfinir une fente rayonnante 71 dans la plaque 70, c'est-Ơ-dire une fente coupant les lignes de courants Ʃlectriques selon une direction perpendiculaire Ơ ces courants Ʃlectriques.So, as well illustrated at the figure 5 , the plate 70 has a first peripheral edge 73 whose radius substantially corresponds to the opening radius of the housing 60 and a second peripheral edge 74, of smaller radius, adapted to define a radiating slot 71 in the plate 70, that is, that is to say a slot cutting the lines of electric currents in a direction perpendicular to these electric currents.

La plaque 70 comporte en outre deux bords droits 75 s'Ć©tendant perpendiculairement l'un Ć  l'autre et reliant respectivement les extrĆ©mitĆ©s 73a, 73b de la premiĆØre portion de bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73 aux extrĆ©mitĆ©s 74a, 74b de la seconde portion de bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 74 de la plaque 70.The plate 70 further comprises two straight edges 75 extending perpendicularly to each other and respectively connecting the ends 73a, 73b of the first peripheral edge portion 73 to the ends 74a, 74b of the second peripheral edge portion 74 of the plate 70.

La Demanderesse a en effet constatƩ que la portion d'arc de cercle 74 dƩlimitƩe par les bords droits 75 Ʃtait suffisante pour dƩfinir dans la plaque 70 une fente rayonnante 71 Ơ partir de laquelle est rayonnƩe l'Ʃnergie micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The Applicant has indeed found that the arc portion 74 delimited by the straight edges 75 was sufficient to define in the plate 70 a radiating slot 71 from which is radiated microwave energy in the heating chamber 10.

Toutefois, comme illustrĆ© Ć  la figure 6, la plaque 70' pourrait comporter une fente rayonnante 71' obtenue par une dĆ©coupe Ć  l'intĆ©rieur d'une plaque circulaire dont le bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73' dĆ©finit un cercle de diamĆØtre correspondant sensiblement au diamĆØtre du logement 60. La fente rayonnante 71' est dĆ©finie par une portion d'arc de cercle intĆ©rieur 74' situĆ©e Ć  distance du point de rotation 72' et adaptĆ©e Ć  couper perpendiculairement les lignes de courants Ć©lectriques circulant radialement Ć  partir du point de fixation 72' de l'antenne rotative.However, as illustrated in figure 6 , the plate 70 'could comprise a radiating slot 71' obtained by a cut inside a circular plate whose peripheral edge 73 'defines a circle of diameter substantially corresponding to the diameter of the housing 60. The radiating slot 71' is defined by an inner arc portion 74 'spaced from the point of rotation 72' and adapted to intersect perpendicularly the lines of electrical currents flowing radially from the point of attachment 72 'of the rotating antenna.

Par ailleurs, la fente rayonnante 71' est dĆ©finie par une autre portion d'arc de cercle 76', concentrique avec la portion d'arc de cercle 74' et le bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73' de maniĆØre Ć  crĆ©er une dĆ©coupe annulaire.On the other hand, the radiating gap 71 'is defined by another circular arc portion 76', concentric with the circular arc portion 74 'and the peripheral edge 73' so as to create an annular cutout.

Les extrƩmitƩs de la dƩcoupe annulaire sont fermƩes par des bords droits 75' disposƩs perpendiculairement l'un par rapport l'autre comme dƩcrit prƩcƩdemment dans le mode de rƩalisation illustrƩ Ơ la figure 5.The ends of the annular cutout are closed by straight edges 75 'arranged perpendicular to each other as previously described in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .

Une telle fente rayonnante 71' est ainsi dƩfinie par une dƩcoupe rƩalisƩe Ơ l'intƩrieur de la plaque 70' et dƩlimitƩe sur sa pƩriphƩrie par des bords courbes 74', 76' et des bords droits 75'.Such a radiating slot 71 'is thus defined by a cut made inside the plate 70' and delimited on its periphery by curved edges 74 ', 76' and straight edges 75 '.

On notera toutefois que le premier mode de rĆ©alisation, dĆ©finissant une fente rayonnante 71 uniquement par une portion d'arc de cercle 74 dĆ©limitĆ©e par des bords droits 75 prĆ©sente l'avantage d'ĆŖtre moins couteux en matiĆØre. Il est en outre plus simple Ć  rĆ©aliser, par dĆ©coupe de la plaque 70 au niveau de son premier bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73, formant ainsi une Ć©chancrure dans la plaque 70. En outre, l'antenne rotative 40 se trouve allĆ©gĆ©e.Note however that the first embodiment, defining a radiating slot 71 only by a circular arc portion 74 delimited by straight edges 75 has the advantage of being less expensive material. It is also simpler to perform, by cutting the plate 70 at its first peripheral edge 73, thus forming a notch in the plate 70. In addition, the rotating antenna 40 is lightened.

Ainsi, Ơ titre d'exemple non limitatif, pour une longueur d'onde d'environ 12 cm correspondant Ơ un rayonnement de 2,45 GHz fourni par le magnƩtron 20, la distance d sƩparant le second bord pƩriphƩrique 74, 74' du centre de rotation 72, 72' est comprise entre 15 et 35 mm, et de prƩfƩrence entre 20 et 30 mm.Thus, by way of nonlimiting example, for a wavelength of approximately 12 cm corresponding to a radiation of 2.45 GHz supplied by the magnetron 20, the distance d separating the second peripheral edge 74, 74 'from the center rotation 72, 72 'is between 15 and 35 mm, and preferably between 20 and 30 mm.

Cette distance d correspond sensiblement Ć  un quart de longueur d'onde (environ 30 mm).This distance d corresponds substantially to a quarter of a wavelength (approximately 30 mm).

La largeur L de la fente 71, 71' est sensiblement supƩrieure ou Ʃgale Ơ 10 mm.The width L of the slot 71, 71 'is substantially greater than or equal to 10 mm.

Ainsi, dans le mode rƩalisation illustrƩ Ơ la figure 6, la portion d'arc de cercle 76' dƩfinissant l'extƩrieur de la fente 71' est situƩe Ơ une distance du point de rotation 72' comprise entre 25 et 55 mm, et de prƩfƩrence entre 30 et 45 mm.So, in the embodiment shown in the figure 6 the arcuate portion 76 'defining the outside of the slot 71' is located at a distance from the point of rotation 72 'of between 25 and 55 mm, and preferably between 30 and 45 mm.

Par ailleurs, le premier bord pƩriphƩrique 73, 73' prƩsente une distance au centre de rotation 72, 72' de l'ordre de 40 Ơ 50 mm, et de prƩfƩrence Ʃgale Ơ 45 mm.Furthermore, the first peripheral edge 73, 73 'has a distance to the center of rotation 72, 72' of the order of 40 to 50 mm, and preferably equal to 45 mm.

Pour une longueur d'onde d'environ 12 cm, cette distance correspond environ Ć  deux fois un quart de longueur d'onde (environ 60 mm).For a wavelength of about 12 cm, this distance corresponds to about twice a quarter wavelength (about 60 mm).

Comme les courants Ć©lectriques circulent radialement dans la plaque 70 du point de fixation 72 vers le bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73 et prĆ©sentent respectivement des points de convergence ou de divergence et opposĆ©s aux deux extrĆ©mitĆ©s en fonction de l'alternance de la sinusoĆÆde de ces courants Ć©lectriques, il n'existe pas ou trĆØs peu de rayonnement au niveau de la portion d'arc de cercle pĆ©riphĆ©rique 73.As the electric currents flow radially in the plate 70 from the point of attachment 72 to the peripheral edge 73 and respectively have points of convergence or divergence and opposite to the two ends depending on the alternation of the sinusoid of these electric currents, it there is no or very little radiation at the peripheral arc portion 73.

Cette portion d'arc de cercle pƩriphƩrique 73 venant Ơ proximitƩ de la paroi 61 du logement 60, une cavitƩ Ʃtanche aux micro-ondes est ainsi formƩe, hormis la sortie prƩvue par la fente rayonnante 71 calibrƩe.This peripheral arc portion 73 coming close to the wall 61 of the housing 60, a microwave-tight cavity is thus formed, except the output provided by the calibrated radiating slot 71.

Comme bien illustrĆ© sur les figures 5 et 6, afin de crĆ©er une fente rayonnante 71, 71' de longueur suffisante pour permettre un couplage avec l'enceinte de chauffage 10 adaptĆ© Ć  l'impĆ©dance de l'antenne 21 du magnĆ©tron 20, la longueur I de la fente 71, 71', correspondant sensiblement Ć  la longueur formĆ©e par l'arc de cercle mĆ©dian s'Ć©tendant dans la fente 71, 71', doit ĆŖtre de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'Ć©nergie Ć  haute frĆ©quence fournie.As well illustrated on Figures 5 and 6 in order to create a radiating slot 71, 71 'of sufficient length to allow coupling with the heating chamber 10 adapted to the impedance of the antenna 21 of the magnetron 20, the length I of the slot 71, 71', substantially corresponding to the length formed by the median arc extending in the slot 71, 71 ', should be of the order of half a wavelength of the supplied high frequency energy.

En pratique, pour les dimensions indiquĆ©es ci-dessus, c'est-Ć -dire une distance d de l'ordre de 20 mm et une largeur L de fente de l'ordre de 10 mm, la fente rayonnante 71, 71' s'Ć©tend sur un secteur angulaire Ī± compris entre 120Ā° et 200Ā°.In practice, for the dimensions indicated above, that is to say a distance d of the order of 20 mm and a slot width L of the order of 10 mm, the radiating slot 71, 71 's extends over an angular sector Ī± of between 120 Ā° and 200 Ā°.

L'angle Ī± est mesurĆ© le long du bord pĆ©riphĆ©rique 74, 74' et en prenant le centre au niveau du point de fixation 72, 72'.The angle Ī± is measured along the peripheral edge 74, 74 'and taking the center at the point of attachment 72, 72'.

L'angle Ī± est compris entre les deux bords 75, 75' du cĆ“tĆ© Ć©vidĆ© de la plaque 70, Ć  l'intersection avec l'arc de cercle mĆ©dian s'Ć©tendant dans la fente 71, 71'.The angle Ī± is between the two edges 75, 75 'of the recessed side of the plate 70, at the intersection with the median arc extending in the slot 71, 71'.

Ainsi pour une fente rayonnante 71, 71' de longueur minimale, de l'ordre 50 mm, la fente rayonnante 71, 71' s'Ć©tend sur un secteur angulaire Ī± d'environ 120Ā°.Thus, for a radiating slot 71, 71 'of minimum length, of the order of 50 mm, the radiating slot 71, 71' extends over an angular sector Ī± of approximately 120 Ā°.

Par ailleurs, en revenant Ơ la figure 3, compte tenu de la prƩsence d'un ƩlƩment conducteur formant obstacle devant la fente rayonnante 71, constituƩ ici par les fils sensiblement rectilignes 18 des gradins 17, il est nƩcessaire que la fente rayonnante 71 s'Ʃtende suivant un arc de cercle de longueur I telle que, quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque 70, de l'antenne rotative 40, une portion de la fente rayonnante 71, de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'Ʃnergie haute frƩquence fournie s'Ʃtend au-delƠ de l'ƩlƩment conducteur crƩant un obstacle en vis-Ơ-vis de l'antenne rotative 40.By the way, returning to figure 3 , in view of the presence of a conductive element forming an obstacle in front of the radiating slot 71, constituted here by the substantially rectilinear wires 18 of the steps 17, it is necessary for the radiating slot 71 to extend along a circular arc of length I such that, irrespective of the angular position of the plate 70, of the rotary antenna 40, a portion of the radiating slot 71 of length of the order of one half-wavelength of the high frequency energy provided extends beyond the conductive element creating an obstacle vis-Ơ-vis the rotary antenna 40.

En effet, la prƩsence des fils conducteurs 18 lorsqu'ils s'Ʃtendent perpendiculairement Ơ la fente 71, rƩflƩchissent le champ Ʃlectrique rayonnƩ par la fente 71, perturbent ainsi la puissance d'Ʃnergie micro-ondes dƩlivrƩe dans l'enceinte de chauffage 10, et dƩsadaptent l'impƩdance vue par le magnƩtron 20.Indeed, the presence of the conductive wires 18 when they extend perpendicularly to the slot 71, reflect the electric field radiated by the slot 71, thus disturb the power of microwave energy delivered in the heating chamber 10, and mismatch the impedance seen by the magnetron 20.

En conservant une portion de fente rayonnante 71 de longueur I toujours de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde, quelle que soit la position relative de la fente 71 par rapport aux gradins 17 constituĆ©s de fils 18, il est possible d'adapter la chaine micro-ondes quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque 70 de maniĆØre Ć  dĆ©livrer la puissance maximale et Ć©viter un retour d'Ć©nergie au magnĆ©tron 20.By keeping a portion of radiating slot 71 of length I always of the order of a half-wavelength, regardless of the relative position of slot 71 with respect to steps 17 consisting of wires 18, it is possible to adapting the microwave chain regardless of the angular position of the plate 70 so as to deliver the maximum power and avoid a return of energy to the magnetron 20.

Ainsi, l'impƩdance perƧue par le magnƩtron 20 reste sensiblement stable Ơ tout instant d'un cycle de rotation de la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40.Thus, the impedance perceived by the magnetron 20 remains substantially stable at all times during a cycle of rotation of the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.

En pratique, compte tenu de la prƩsence d'un ƩlƩment conducteur filaire pouvant s'Ʃtendre en vis-Ơ-vis du logement 60, en coupant perpendiculairement la fente rayonnante 71, cette fente rayonnante 71 doit s'Ʃtendre sur un arc de cercle de longueur I de l'ordre de deux fois une demi-longueur d'onde, et dans l'exemple de rƩalisation dƩcrit prƩcƩdemment, sur une longueur d'au moins 100 mm.In practice, taking into account the presence of a wired conductive element that can extend opposite the housing 60, by perpendicularly cutting the radiating slot 71, this radiating slot 71 must extend over a circular arc of length I of the order of twice a half-wavelength, and in the embodiment described above, over a length of at least 100 mm.

La fente rayonnante 71 s'Ć©tend ainsi sur un secteur angulaire d'environ 200Ā° et. est suffisante pour permettre de rĆ©pondre au problĆØme de couplage de magnĆ©tron 20 fournissant l'Ć©nergie micro-ondes Ć  l'enceinte de chauffage 10, et ceci quelle que soit la position angulaire de la fente rayonnante 71.The radiating slot 71 thus extends over an angular sector of approximately 200 Ā° and. is sufficient to respond to the magnetron coupling problem providing the microwave energy to the heating chamber 10, regardless of the angular position of the radiating slot 71.

Ainsi, grĆ¢ce Ć  ce montage particulier de l'antenne rotative 40 dans un logement 60 d'une paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, il est possible Ć  la fois d'obtenir une bonne rĆ©partition de l'Ć©nergie micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage 10 pour avoir une bonne homogĆ©nĆ©itĆ© de cuisson dans l'aliment, sans nĆ©cessitĆ© de recourir Ć  un plateau tournant, tout en conservant une stabilitĆ© dans l'impĆ©dance perƧue par le magnĆ©tron 20, permettant ainsi de dĆ©livrer en permanence une puissance maximale Ć  l'enceinte de chauffage 10.Thus, thanks to this particular mounting of the rotary antenna 40 in a housing 60 of a wall of the heating chamber 10, it is possible both to obtain a good distribution of the microwave energy in the room. heating chamber 10 to have a good homogeneity of cooking in the food, without the need to resort to a turntable, while maintaining a stability in the impedance perceived by the magnetron 20, thus making it possible to continuously deliver maximum power to the heating chamber 10.

Cette solution permet ainsi de disposer l'antenne rotative 40 dans une paroi latƩrale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, malgrƩ la prƩsence d'ƩlƩments conducteurs formant obstacles au rayonnement, ici constituƩs par les gradins 17 constituƩs de fils 18. La voute 13 et la sole 14 sont alors laissƩes libres pour le positionnement d'ƩlƩments chauffants radiants.This solution thus makes it possible to arrange the rotary antenna 40 in a lateral wall 12 of the heating enclosure 10, despite the presence of conductive elements forming obstacles to radiation, here constituted by the steps 17 consisting of wires 18. The vault 13 and the sole 14 are then left free for the positioning of radiant heating elements.

Bien entendu, la prƩsente invention n'est pas limitƩe aux exemples de rƩalisation dƩcrits prƩcƩdemment.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.

Ainsi, l'invention n'est pas limitĆ©e Ć  un four de cuisson mixte (par convection et par micro-ondes) mais peut ĆŖtre mise en oeuvre dans un four Ć  micro-ondes simple, avec ou sans gril supĆ©rieur.Thus, the invention is not limited to a mixed cooking oven (by convection and by microwave) but can be implemented in a single microwave oven, with or without an upper grill.

En outre, les Ć©lĆ©ments conducteurs placĆ©s en vis-Ć -vis de l'antenne rotative ne sont pas limitĆ©s Ć  des gradins fils mais peuvent ĆŖtre constituĆ©s par tout type d'obstacle en matĆ©riau non transparent aux micro-ondes.In addition, the conductive elements placed vis-Ć -vis the rotating antenna are not limited to son steps but may be constituted by any type of obstacle material not transparent to microwaves.

Claims (11)

  1. Microwave oven comprising a heating chamber (10), a waveguide (30) suitable for supplying high-frequency energy in the heating chamber (10) from a magnetron (20), and a rotary antenna (40), comprising a rod (41) emerging from the waveguide (30) in a wall (12) of the heating chamber (10) and a plate (70, 70') fixed at a fixing point (72, 72') to one end (43) of the rod (41), characterised in that said rod (41) and said plate (70, 70') of the rotary antenna (40) are produced from an electrically conductive material, in that the wall (12) of the heating chamber (10) comprises a housing (60), the rod (41) of the antenna (40) emerging in said housing (60) and in that said plate (70, 70') of the antenna (40) extends in said housing (60), said plate (70, 70') comprising a slot antenna (71, 71') disposed at a distance from said fixing point (72, 72') of the plate (70, 70'),
  2. Microwave oven according to claim 1, characterised in that the housing (60) has a shape of revolution about an axis (X), the rod of the antenna extending along said axis (X), and said plate (70, 70') comprises at least one peripheral edge portion (73, 73') in an arc of a circle close to a wall of revolution (61) of said housing (60).
  3. Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that said slot antenna (71, 71') extends in an arc of a circle with a length of around a half wavelength of the high-frequency energy supplied.
  4. Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that said slot antenna (71, 71') extends over an angular sector of between 120Ā° and 200Ā°.
  5. Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the distance (d) separating the slot antenna (71, 71') from said fixing point (72, 72') is substantially equal to a quarter of a wavelength of the high-frequency energy supplied.
  6. Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that said slot antenna (71, 71') is defined by a second peripheral edge portion (74, 74') in an arc of a circle of the plate (70, 70').
  7. Microwave oven according to claim 6, characterised in that the distance (d) separating said second peripheral edge portion (74, 74') of the plate (70, 70') from said fixing point (72, 72') of the plate (70, 70') is between 15 and 35 mm, and preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
  8. Microwave oven according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterised in that said plate (70) also comprises two straight edges (75) extending perpendicular to each other and connecting respectively the ends (73a, 73b, 74a, 74b) of said first peripheral edge portion (73) and said second peripheral edge portion (74) of the plate (70).
  9. Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it comprises at least one conductive element forming an obstacle (18), extending close to said wall (12) of the heating chamber (10), opposite said housing (60), and in that said slot antenna (71) extends in an arc of a circle with a length such that, whatever the angular position of said plate (70) of the rotary antenna (40), a portion of said slot antenna (71) with a length of around a half wavelength of the high-frequency energy supplied extends beyond said conductive element forming an obstacle (18).
  10. Microwave oven according to claim 9, characterised in that said conductive element forming an obstacle comprises a substantially rectilinear wire (18) extending opposite said housing (60), the slot antenna (71) extending in an arc of a circle with a length of around twice a half wavelength.
  11. Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that said housing (60) is pressed in a lateral wall (12) of the heating chamber (10), one or more parallel wires (18) of a terrace (17) extending in front of said lateral wall (12), opposite said housing (60), and said slot antenna (71) extending over an angular sector greater than 120Ā°.
EP20090290456 2008-06-17 2009-06-17 Microwave oven with rotating antenna Active EP2136605B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0853978A FR2932641B1 (en) 2008-06-17 2008-06-17 ROTARY ANTENNA MICROWAVE OVEN

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2136605A1 EP2136605A1 (en) 2009-12-23
EP2136605B1 true EP2136605B1 (en) 2015-02-25

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ID=40219385

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20090290456 Active EP2136605B1 (en) 2008-06-17 2009-06-17 Microwave oven with rotating antenna

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EP (1) EP2136605B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2538186T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2932641B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220086971A1 (en) * 2019-02-13 2022-03-17 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. High-frequency heating apparatus
US11849527B2 (en) 2021-02-15 2023-12-19 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. Oven appliance with improved convection cooking performance

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109780585B (en) * 2019-03-01 2024-03-01 北äŗ¬ēŸ³ę²¹åŒ–å·„学院 Microwave distribution control system

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4477706A (en) * 1982-07-19 1984-10-16 Control Data Corporation Combination microwave/convection and broiling oven
DE3331432A1 (en) 1982-08-31 1984-03-29 Bosch-Siemens HausgerƤte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart HIGH FREQUENCY HEATER
US4463239A (en) * 1982-12-06 1984-07-31 General Electric Company Rotating slot antenna arrangement for microwave oven
JP3066283B2 (en) * 1995-03-13 2000-07-17 äø‰ę“‹é›»ę©Ÿę Ŗ式会ē¤¾ microwave

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220086971A1 (en) * 2019-02-13 2022-03-17 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. High-frequency heating apparatus
US11849527B2 (en) 2021-02-15 2023-12-19 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. Oven appliance with improved convection cooking performance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2538186T3 (en) 2015-06-17
FR2932641A1 (en) 2009-12-18
FR2932641B1 (en) 2015-05-29
EP2136605A1 (en) 2009-12-23

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