EP2132359A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour appliquer des couches transparentes de dioxyde de silicium en phase gazeuse - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour appliquer des couches transparentes de dioxyde de silicium en phase gazeuse

Info

Publication number
EP2132359A2
EP2132359A2 EP08715541A EP08715541A EP2132359A2 EP 2132359 A2 EP2132359 A2 EP 2132359A2 EP 08715541 A EP08715541 A EP 08715541A EP 08715541 A EP08715541 A EP 08715541A EP 2132359 A2 EP2132359 A2 EP 2132359A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silicon dioxide
gas phase
dioxide layers
reactor
transparent silicon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08715541A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bianca Biedermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2132359A2 publication Critical patent/EP2132359A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/40—Oxides
    • C23C16/401—Oxides containing silicon
    • C23C16/402—Silicon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/24—Deposition of silicon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/40—Oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
    • C23C16/4488—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by in situ generation of reactive gas by chemical or electrochemical reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
    • C23C16/452—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by activating reactive gas streams before their introduction into the reaction chamber, e.g. by ionisation or addition of reactive species
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and apparatus for applying transparent silicon dioxide layers from the gas phase.
  • Such layers can be used, for example, to protect articles from corrosion, to generally build a barrier against unwanted diffusion and / or to perform optical functions as interference layers.
  • silicon dioxide layers are highly welcome and are often used when high breakdown field strengths are to be achieved.
  • Protective layers are often used in the art. Starting with enamel coats to very thin electroplated noble metal layers. However, there is not a satisfactory solution for all applications. In particular, when complicated shapes such as bodies with undercuts, inner walls of cavities or pigment bodies are to be coated in a powder, but at the same time extreme demands the quality of the layers are made and / or required by the protective layer that it remains as invisible as possible. Especially in the largest field of application, consumer goods, extremely low coating costs are required so that some products exist for which a protective coating is desirably or even required, but no protective coating is applied because one or more of the above requirements is not met can be.
  • Barrier layers are also gaining importance, for example for the inhibition of growth (see [1]: DE10231731). Barrier layers are also successfully used in photocatalytic applications. An overview of this can be found in [2]: D. Bruemann: Photocatalytic Detoxification of Polluted Waters (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Springer Verlag 1999, Volume 2, Part L, 285-351) present invention.
  • Atmospheric pressure also abbreviated as APCVD (atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition).
  • pyrolysis is considered.
  • the basis of the pyrolysis is the fact that silicon is not reluctant to combine with organic groups and thus creates the entire class of silanes, in which many compounds have a significant vapor pressure. It is obvious that at sufficiently high temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere, the organic groups can be "burned" and the silicon remains as silicon oxide.
  • the pyrolysis requires easily accessible silanes such as tetraethoxysilane or hexamethyidisilane high temperatures above 700 0 C [5]: AC ADAMS et. al., Journal of Electrochemical Society, Vol. 126, 1979, p. 1042.
  • the silicon tetraacetate according to the invention [4] is freshly synthesized and immediately evaporated - even before crystallization - so that a significantly higher vapor pressure can be achieved by the precursor before it decomposes itself. Only with the invention [4] succeeded in a technically feasible coating that now undergoes a variety of applications. It is in any case a low-temperature CVD, moreover, even below 300 0 C coat.
  • Method of applying transparent protective layers to articles which is undried Air is carried out at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of less than 500 0 C in an oven, characterized in that the undried air, a second gas stream is mixed, which contains a compound of silicon and a monocarboxylic acid at a vapor pressure greater than 2 Torr and which is produced by evaporation of a liquid containing the compound of silicon and a monocarboxylic acid in non-crystalline form, wherein a liquid is used which reacts neither with the compound of silicon and a monocarboxylic acid nor participates in the deposition of the transparent protective layer
  • silicon-monocarboxylic acid compound is a tetravalent compound, such as silicon tetraacetate, typical of silicon.
  • silicon tetrachloride brings not technically underestimated problems:
  • the silicon tetrachloride reacts violently with water, the silicon tetrachloride gets the water, where it can only get water, especially and especially from the air. This means that all refilling and refilling operations must be carried out carefully and to the greatest possible exclusion of ambient air. Nevertheless, the formation of valves and gaskets is common of (hydrochloric acid) silicon oxides (hydrates) observed.
  • the silicon tetrachloride has a fairly high vapor pressure of 257 hPa at 20 0 C, so that it is classified as highly harmful to health and polluting, even because of the massive development of hydrochloric acid vapors:
  • Esophagus and gastrointestinal tract are at risk of perforation.
  • Symptoms may be delayed.
  • Hydrochloric acid fatal from 25 mg / 1 for fish; Leuciscus idus
  • LC50 862 mg / l (1N solution). Harmfulness limit: plants 6 mg / 1. Does not cause biological oxygen depletion.
  • the object of the invention is now to provide a method and apparatus for applying transparent silicon dioxide layers from the gas phase, which in comparison to silicon tetrachloride use only harmless and technically easy to handle synthetic chemicals and low-temperature CVD with deposition temperatures T ⁇ 600 ° C, if possible T ⁇ 300 0 C work.
  • the gas phase coating is likely to proceed through multiple intermediates, requiring several reaction steps.
  • Such reaction steps have been studied quite elaborately in the example of the decomposition of diacetoxy-di-t-butoxysilane (DADBS) in [8]: HOFMAN, thesis "The Protection of Alloys ", University of Twente, ISBN 90-9005832-X.
  • DDBS diacetoxy-di-t-butoxysilane
  • the procedure over interconnections is to be assumed in general, even if the concrete interconnections for concrete precursors usually should not necessarily be known. It can also be assumed that the reaction conditions can influence the reaction mechanism. So that even for a certain precursor different conditions under different conditions can play a role. Basically, now the slowest reaction step to form a necessary interconnect will significantly affect the deposition rate of the CVD process. In “pure" CVD processes, reaction steps that either require high temperatures or otherwise run extremely slowly can obviously occur, especially in the case of readily available and relatively harmless silanes as precursors
  • the invention is based on the idea of accelerating the slow CVD reaction steps in another process in order then to carry out a vapor deposition only with the already formed intermediates.
  • T ⁇ OS tetraethoxysilane
  • the time should be chosen sufficiently early, so that intermediates still as precursors from the quasi-sol reaction mixture can be converted into the gas phase.
  • the sol reaction mixture although a variety of products and intermediates (usually unknown type), for film formation from the gas phase but act only the intermediates, which also form a layer quickly. The other (ineffective) substances will leave the CVD reactor.
  • Sol-gel processes are often initiated by pH shift. Quasi-sol-gel processes that yield crystal clear layers are e.g. in [9]: DE4117041.
  • the processes can be started by adding alkalis or acids. According to the invention, a volatile acid is particularly suitable because it can then also be evaporated.
  • reaction times of two days calls reaction times of two days (Example 1).
  • the difference to the present invention becomes particularly clear due to the time required.
  • reaction times of a few tens of minutes are typical and the intermediates can be additionally vaporized.
  • the intermediates are formed with higher molecular weight and can no longer be vaporized.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the cross sections of reactors 40 for the liquid phase processes.
  • the silicon-containing chemical eg, tetraethoxysilane or a mixture of silicon-containing chemicals
  • the chemical is initiated to start the quasi-sol-gel reaction, eg acetic acid but also ammonia are usable.
  • the quasi-sol-gel reaction eg acetic acid but also ammonia are usable.
  • a catalyst 50 here as a wire ball, may advantageously be arranged.
  • the catalyst accelerates the liquid phase processes and thus reduces the necessary average residence time in the liquid state. Detected is the effect of platinum catalysts, but also nickel-containing catalysts are useful.
  • the temperature of the reactors 40 is adjustable, the liquid phase processes can be carried out between room temperature and boiling temperature, wherein the partial pressure of the precursors in the vaporized reaction mixture 70 depends both on the reactor temperature and the average residence time of the liquid, wherein reactor temperatures of over 4O 0 C in many cases prove beneficial.
  • the (pipe, tubing) line for the vaporized mixture 70 must be maintained at a temperature above the reactor temperature by a heater 60, for example 10 ° C. above, to prevent condensation of the vaporized reaction mixture.
  • the vaporized reaction mixture 70 is introduced into a furnace in which the substrates to be coated are (not shown here), and in which then runs the usual CVD process.
  • the CVD process can be carried out under normal pressure, so that usually the furnace requires no extra-expensive seals. Although it is likely that even under other pressures, for example under negative pressure, a coating process is done.
  • a carrier gas often air can be used, but also nitrogen or argon.
  • inert gases can be advantageous, because then no longer has to be paid to falling below the ignition limit in the oven at the concentration of the vaporized mixture.
  • the average residence time in the liquid phase especially the average residence time itself shows a complicated dependence of o the influx of chemicals o the influx carrier gas o the vapor pressure of the intermediates and thus the progress of the quasi-sol process itself.
  • the maximum of the coating rate is between 5% and 10% acetic acid content. That no coating takes place at 0% and 100% acetic acid is understandable. The fact that the maximum is already between 5% and 10% acetic acid content, obviously proves that a stoichiometric tetraacetate reaction is not required.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour appliquer des couches transparentes de dioxyde de silicium en phase gazeuse, selon lesquels des précurseurs sont introduits dans un four au moyen d'un gaz porteur. Selon l'invention, le processus en phase gazeuse est précédé d'un processus en phase liquide. On utilise comme processus en phase liquide un processus qui se déroulerait quasiment sous forme de processus sol-gel avec des produits chimiques de départ à teneur en silicium, jusqu'à l'obtention d'un gel de dioxyde de silicium ; toutefois, le processus en phase liquide est interrompu au début du stade sol par le fait que le mélange réactif contenant les précurseurs est vaporisé, mélangé au gaz porteur et transporté vers le four.
EP08715541A 2007-03-05 2008-03-05 Procédé et dispositif pour appliquer des couches transparentes de dioxyde de silicium en phase gazeuse Withdrawn EP2132359A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007010995A DE102007010995A1 (de) 2007-03-05 2007-03-05 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von transparenten Siliziumdioxid-Schichten aus der Gasphase
PCT/DE2008/000392 WO2008106955A2 (fr) 2007-03-05 2008-03-05 Procédé et dispositif pour appliquer des couches transparentes de dioxyde de silicium en phase gazeuse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2132359A2 true EP2132359A2 (fr) 2009-12-16

Family

ID=39677863

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08715541A Withdrawn EP2132359A2 (fr) 2007-03-05 2008-03-05 Procédé et dispositif pour appliquer des couches transparentes de dioxyde de silicium en phase gazeuse

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20100021632A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2132359A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010520371A (fr)
KR (1) KR20090121371A (fr)
DE (1) DE102007010995A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008106955A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2473649B1 (fr) 2009-09-04 2020-05-06 Wieland-Werke AG Procédé pour appliquer des couches

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5138520A (en) * 1988-12-27 1992-08-11 Symetrix Corporation Methods and apparatus for material deposition
DE4117041A1 (de) 1991-05-24 1992-11-26 Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von gegenstaenden aus bleikristall mit verringerter bleilaessigkeit
DE19708808B4 (de) 1997-03-04 2010-10-21 Biedermann, Bianca Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von transparenten Schutzschichten auf Gegenstände
DE10231731B4 (de) 2002-06-26 2006-10-05 Andreas Biedermann Dachziegel mit ökologisch antimikrobieller Oberfläche
US7446055B2 (en) * 2005-03-17 2008-11-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Aerosol misted deposition of low dielectric organosilicate films

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008106955A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100021632A1 (en) 2010-01-28
DE102007010995A1 (de) 2008-09-11
KR20090121371A (ko) 2009-11-25
WO2008106955A3 (fr) 2008-11-13
JP2010520371A (ja) 2010-06-10
WO2008106955A2 (fr) 2008-09-12

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