EP2128440A1 - Générateur asynchrone avec régulation de la tension appliquée sur le stator - Google Patents

Générateur asynchrone avec régulation de la tension appliquée sur le stator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2128440A1
EP2128440A1 EP06841773A EP06841773A EP2128440A1 EP 2128440 A1 EP2128440 A1 EP 2128440A1 EP 06841773 A EP06841773 A EP 06841773A EP 06841773 A EP06841773 A EP 06841773A EP 2128440 A1 EP2128440 A1 EP 2128440A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
converter
generator
stator
electric power
generator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06841773A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2128440A4 (fr
Inventor
José Manuel CORCELLES PEREIRA
José Luis RODRIGUEZ AMENEDO
Santiago ARNALTES GÓMEZ
David SANTOS MARTÍN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wind To Power System SL
Original Assignee
Wind To Power System SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wind To Power System SL filed Critical Wind To Power System SL
Publication of EP2128440A1 publication Critical patent/EP2128440A1/fr
Publication of EP2128440A4 publication Critical patent/EP2128440A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
    • H02P9/105—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for increasing the stability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, in general, to an asynchronous, or induction, generator with a short-circuited rotor that can be connected to a turbine, such as a wind turbine, to generate electric power that is injected into the electric power grid.
  • An asynchronous generator with a short-circuited rotor, i.e. a squirrel cage rotor, connected to a wind turbine presents certain drawbacks such as the fact that a large current is required during start-up; the characteristic opposing torque presents a high rigidity that involves small variations in the rotation speed in the stable operating area and therefore large fluctuations in the electromagnetic torque and the real power transmitted to the electrical system; said configuration is not capable of working with supply voltages other than the nominal value and is therefore not capable of optimising the overall performance of the generator; it also requires reactive power from the grid to operate correctly; the above-described configuration is not capable of starting and working as a isolated system from the electric power grid. Similarly, it cannot be isolated from the external power fluctuations of the grid and it cannot help to damp them.
  • the present invention seeks to overcome or reduce one or more of the drawbacks explained above by means of a generator that can be connected to a turbine, such as a wind turbine, as claimed in claim 1.
  • a generator that can be connected to a turbine, such as a wind turbine, as claimed in claim 1.
  • Embodiments of the invention are established in the dependent claims.
  • One object of the invention is to connect the generator's stator in series to an electric power grid by means of a first winding of a transformer so that the voltage applied to this winding is controlled by a second power converter, thereby controlling the voltage level of the generator's stator.
  • the generator's stator is also connected to the same electric power grid by a first power converter that is connected by a direct current link to the second power converter, which in turn is connected to a second winding of the transformer, thus ensuring control of the voltage of the generator's stator in module and argument.
  • the double connection that is disclosed makes it possible to increase the overall performance of the electrical generator by reducing core losses in the generator.
  • Another object of the invention is to allow smooth connection of the generator to the electric power grid, thus guaranteeing generation quality at all times.
  • Another object of the invention is to guarantee the electric power supply when there are voltage variations in the electric power grid in balanced and unbalanced operation regime of the generator, helping to ensure the stability of the grid by supplying reactive power.
  • Another further object of the invention is that the generator is capable of dynamically exchanging reactive power with the grid, regardless of the level of load thereof.
  • Another object of the invention is that the generator is capable of generating a nominal output voltage when the electric power grid is not available due to a prior contingency.
  • Another further object of the invention is that the generator coupled to a wind turbine can be connected to the electric power grid when there is a low wind speed. It would therefore be possible to make use of locations with low wind speeds.
  • Another further object of the invention is to allow a certain degree of recovery of torque fluctuations, reducing fatigues and loads and also increasing the mechanical performance.
  • Another object of the invention is that the asynchronous generator with a short-circuited rotor shows a highly reliable and robust operation, with a high transitory overload capability
  • FIG. 1 a block diagram is shown below of an asynchronous, or induction, short-circuited rotor (the so-called squirrel cage rotor), together with the necessary means of control for its correct operation.
  • asynchronous, or induction, short-circuited rotor the so-called squirrel cage rotor
  • the asynchronous generator 11 with a short-circuited rotor can be connected to a turbine 12, such as a wind turbine, so that said turbine is coupled to the short-circuited rotor 13 that turns inside a stator 14 of the generator 11.
  • a turbine 12 such as a wind turbine
  • the stator 14 is connected in series to a first end of a first winding 15-1 of a transformer 15, so that an electric power grid 22 is connected to the second end of the first 15-1 winding of the transformer 15.
  • the stator 14 is also connected to an input of a first electric power converter 16 through an inductive filter 23, the output of which is connected in cascade by a DC connection to an input of a second electric power converter 17, which has an output that is connected to a second 15-2 winding of the transformer via a filter 18.
  • capacitor 19 connected to the DC link, which stores electric power on the basis of the real power exchanged between the first 16 and second 17 converters.
  • the total electric power output of the generator 11 is combined in the transformer 15.
  • the first converter 16 comprises a set of switching elements so that each of them has a control terminal through which an on and/or off signal is applied to them.
  • a first controller 20 module generates and supplies said switching signals, and to carry out said tasks the first 20 controller calculates and/or receives a signal that is proportional to the converter 16 output current , i sh , a signal that is proportional stator voltage V s , and a signal that is proportional to the DC link voltage, V DC .
  • the first controller 20 comprises a first microprocessor that stores and executes a control algorithm, such as vector control, direct control or the like, which governs the converter 16 output current, i sh .
  • This control regulates the DC voltage V dc in the capacitor 19 at a constant reference value V* dc , such that real power is transferred instantly between the converter 16 and the converter 17, and it is also controlled in such a way that i sh has the minimum possible value.
  • the second converter 17 also comprises a set of switching elements so that each of them has a control terminal through which an on and/or off signal is applied to them.
  • a second controller 21 module generates and supplies said on or off signals, and to carry out said tasks the second controller 21 calculates and/or receives a signal that is proportional to the second converter 17 output current, i se , a signal that is proportional to the stator 14 voltage, V s , a signal that is proportional to the grid 22 voltage, Vg, and a signal that is proportional to the total current injected into the grid 22, i g .
  • the second controller 21 includes a second microprocessor that stores and executes an algorithm with which it regulates the voltage that is applied, in module,
  • Both the first 20 and second 21 controllers therefore govern the first 16 and second 17 converters, respectively, so that they control the DC link voltage and the resulting and/or applied voltage, i. e. its module and its argument, to the stator 14 of the generator.
  • both the first 20 and second 21 controllers may work in coordination with each other or either one of them may work with the other one switched off, or the two of them may even be de-activated, the generation capacities being reduced in each case.
  • the means of governing the resulting and/or applied voltage to the stator 14 is based on controlling the voltage injected in series from the second converter 17 into the electric power grid 22 via the transformer 15.
  • the voltage, V i , of the second converter 17 is vectorially added to the grid 22 voltage, Vg.
  • FIG. 2 shows stationary axes ⁇ - ⁇ on which the following spatial vectors are shown: stator 14 voltage V s , grid 22 voltage V g , voltage V i , induced into the first winding 15-1 of the transformer 15 as a consequence of the control over the second 17 converter, stator 14 current i s , converter 16 output current, i sh .
  • Figure 2 shows the control principle that makes it possible to regulate the voltage applied, V s , to the stator 14 of the generator 11 and the reactive power, Q g , that is injected into the electric power grid 22.
  • V g is constant in terms of its RMS value and frequency.
  • V i a certain voltage
  • V i is applied to give a stator 14 voltage, V s .
  • the stator current, i s is determined for a given level of load and for a voltage applied to the stator 14, V s .
  • the present invention can be implemented on a variety of computers that include microprocessors, a computer-readable storage medium, which includes volatile and non-volatile memory, and/or storage devices.
  • the computer hardware logic that works with different sets of instructions is applied to the data to perform the above-described functions and to generate output data.
  • the programs used by the computer hardware that is used as an example can preferably be implemented in different programming languages, including a high-level programming language that is designed for procedures or objects to communicate with a computer system.
  • Each computer program is preferably stored in a computer-readable storage medium or device, e.g.
  • ROM or magnetic disc which can be programmed for general or specific use to configure and operate the computer when the storage medium or device is read by the computer in order to execute the above-described procedures.
  • the first and second controllers are implemented as a computer-readable storage medium, configured with a computer program, wherein the storage medium thus configured makes the computer work in a specific, pre-defined manner.
  • the two microprocessors of the first and second controllers may be interconnected or contained in a single piece.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
EP06841773A 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 Générateur asynchrone avec régulation de la tension appliquée sur le stator Withdrawn EP2128440A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2006/000721 WO2008081049A1 (fr) 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 Générateur asynchrone avec régulation de la tension appliquée sur le stator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2128440A1 true EP2128440A1 (fr) 2009-12-02
EP2128440A4 EP2128440A4 (fr) 2012-03-14

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EP06841773A Withdrawn EP2128440A4 (fr) 2006-12-28 2006-12-28 Générateur asynchrone avec régulation de la tension appliquée sur le stator

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (2) US7652387B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2128440A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008081049A1 (fr)

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CN104078989A (zh) * 2014-07-17 2014-10-01 国网河南省电力公司周口供电公司 一种无功功率发生器装置及其无通讯并联方法
CN104538978A (zh) * 2015-01-21 2015-04-22 合肥工业大学 一种双馈风力发电机组电网电压不平衡骤升的无功功率控制方法
CN104967121A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2015-10-07 中国电力科学研究院 一种大规模电力系统节点的潮流计算方法
WO2019094179A1 (fr) * 2017-11-13 2019-05-16 General Electric Company Système de génération d'énergie ayant une liaison à courant continu connectée à une borne de terre

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104078989A (zh) * 2014-07-17 2014-10-01 国网河南省电力公司周口供电公司 一种无功功率发生器装置及其无通讯并联方法
CN104078989B (zh) * 2014-07-17 2016-04-06 国网河南省电力公司周口供电公司 一种无功功率发生器装置及其无通讯并联方法
CN104538978A (zh) * 2015-01-21 2015-04-22 合肥工业大学 一种双馈风力发电机组电网电压不平衡骤升的无功功率控制方法
CN104967121A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2015-10-07 中国电力科学研究院 一种大规模电力系统节点的潮流计算方法
CN104967121B (zh) * 2015-07-13 2018-01-19 中国电力科学研究院 一种大规模电力系统节点的潮流计算方法
WO2019094179A1 (fr) * 2017-11-13 2019-05-16 General Electric Company Système de génération d'énergie ayant une liaison à courant continu connectée à une borne de terre

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US20080157530A1 (en) 2008-07-03
WO2008081049A1 (fr) 2008-07-10
US7652387B2 (en) 2010-01-26
EP2128440A4 (fr) 2012-03-14
US20100084865A1 (en) 2010-04-08

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