EP2126941A1 - Commutateur électrique - Google Patents

Commutateur électrique

Info

Publication number
EP2126941A1
EP2126941A1 EP07722058A EP07722058A EP2126941A1 EP 2126941 A1 EP2126941 A1 EP 2126941A1 EP 07722058 A EP07722058 A EP 07722058A EP 07722058 A EP07722058 A EP 07722058A EP 2126941 A1 EP2126941 A1 EP 2126941A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching device
thermal
current paths
thermal bridge
bridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07722058A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Heimler
Andreas Krätzschmar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2126941A1 publication Critical patent/EP2126941A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/62—Heating or cooling of contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0072—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00 particular to three-phase switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switching device having a housing made of electrically insulating material and arranged therein three respective current paths associated with the different phases of a three-phase system.
  • the current paths are usually each formed from two conductors or contact carriers, which are separated from each other in the contact area. In the contact area a contact bridge is arranged, with which the two conductors are electrically connected to each other.
  • the housing of such switching devices consists of an electrically insulating material, usually made of plastic. In a switching device arises during operation or in the event of a fault, such. Overload or short circuit, due to the current flow and the switching heat, which the plastic of the housing must withstand.
  • a switching device in which the current paths are thermally connected to each other via at least one thermal bridge, which consists at least partially of a material having a greater thermal conductivity than the material of the housing or the air passing through Convection of current paths and housing also exchanges heat and contributes to equalize the temperature of the current paths.
  • the invention is based on the idea of exploiting an existing between conductors temperature gradient for cooling a conductor. Heat dissipated from a conductor that is more heated, for example, due to contact resistance variations, dissipates heat to a less heated conductor, thereby distributing heat to all three conductors.
  • the thermal connection of the conductors to the thermal bridge takes place in a first embodiment variant in that the thermal bridge is in direct or in physical contact with the current paths, preferably with the contact carriers, the connection region or the contact bridges.
  • the said areas are not enveloped by any insulating sheathing, so that direct contact with the thermal bridge can be produced.
  • especially the contact carriers are in thermal Particularly critical, especially as regards a contact resistance caused by a heating.
  • the stationary in the housing of the switching device arranged thermal bridge for heat dissipation or cooling can be coupled directly to a heat sink.
  • the cooling of the thermal bridge is primarily by convection and thermal radiation.
  • the thermal bridge may consist of an electrically insulating material, such as a ceramic material or of a metal. Suitable ceramic materials with good thermal conductivity are, in particular, Al 2 O 3 , AlN, and / or SiC. In the case of a metal, in particular of the very good heat conducting metals Cu or Al existing thermal bridge, this is connected via an intermediate layer of electrically insulating material with the current paths.
  • the intermediate layer especially if it consists of an inorganic material, be kept relatively thin, whereby the heat transfer between the current path and thermal bridge is only slightly hindered. This is even more true if a material with good thermal conductivity is used for the intermediate layer, such as mica, ceramic and oxide materials and thermal adhesive.
  • an electrical separation between the metallic thermal bridge and the current paths is accomplished in that the thermal bridge is divided into three sections by means of two separating layers, each section with a metallic surface in contact with the current path or electrically connected is.
  • the thermal connection of the current paths to the thermal bridge is in a second embodiment not directly, so not through a body contact, but in that between the current paths a thermal bridge is arranged, between which and the flanking current paths an air gap is present.
  • a thermal bridge is arranged, between which and the flanking current paths an air gap is present.
  • the heat transfer port between the current paths - and especially between the contact areas - compared to conventional switching devices in which there is only air between the air and possibly a housing wall made of plastic, improved.
  • the heat transfer from the flow path to the thermal bridge is carried out by radiation and air convection.
  • the removal of heat from an outer flow path is improved when flanked by a thermal bridge, with an air gap also present between it and an outer flow path.
  • the thermal bridge for example, enforce the housing wall or form this, where it can give off heat to the environment or an associated with her other heat sink.
  • An improvement in the heat transfer between the individual thermal bridges is achieved by a thermally and mechanically coupled to each other cross connector, which preferably consists of the same material as the thermal bridges themselves, so may be approximately integral with these.
  • thermal bridges As materials for the thermal bridges, the materials already mentioned above come into question. In order to avoid the risk of a short circuit in the case of metallic thermal bridges, they are provided with a coating of an electrically insulating material, which is preferably also thermally conductive. Such a coating is also useful for the above-mentioned cross-connector, which is at least attached to the device interior facing sides. To increase the heat transfer between the current paths and the thermal bridge, a black-colored or a black material is used for the coating, for example a plastic.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section along line II-II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration of a second exemplary embodiment of a switching device
  • FIG 4 shows a detail of a switching device in a sectional view, in which a thermal bridge and a contact carrier are connected by means of a fixing means with a housing wall
  • FIG 5 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of a switching device
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a switching device
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a fifth embodiment of a switching device
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a sixth embodiment of a switching device
  • FIG 9 shows a sectional view of a seventh embodiment of a switching device.
  • the switching devices 1 shown only very schematically in the figures comprise a housing 2 made of an electrically insulating material, in particular of a plastic material.
  • terminals 3 for example, screw connections available, to which a supply or discharge line can be connected.
  • the current paths each comprise two contact carriers 5, a contact bridge 6 connecting them and the connections 3 or connection regions 3a.
  • the electrical contact between the contact bridges 6 and the contact carriers 5 takes place via contact elements 7, 8, which are arranged on the contact bridge 6 or on the contact carriers 5.
  • the switching devices 1 are three-phase switching devices. Accordingly, three juxtaposed current paths 4a, 4b and 4c are present in each case.
  • the contact carriers 5 or the connection region 3 a of the current paths are via a thermal bridge 9, for example, configured like a web connected with each other.
  • the thermal bridge 9 of the embodiment gem. 1 and 2 consists of an electrically non-conductive material with a good thermal conductivity, such as a ceramic such as Al 2 O 3 with 10 - 25 W / mK (factor 100 larger than conventional housing plastics). Further suitable ceramic materials are, for example, AlN (20-30 W / mK) or SiC (20-120 W / mK).
  • the thermal bridge 9 is preferably designed so that it has a relatively high rigidity and thereby contribute to the stiffening of the housing 2.
  • the thermal bridge 9a consists of a metal, for example Al or Cu, which generally has a considerably higher thermal conductivity than non-metallic materials.
  • the switching device of FIG. 3 has an integral thermal bridge 9a. Since, for obvious reasons, direct coupling of the thermal bridge 9a to the contact carriers 5 or to the connection regions 3a of the current paths 4a, b, c is not possible, this is done with the interposition of a heat-conducting insulating layer 10. This connects the current paths or the contact carrier 5, to which reference is made below by way of example, thermally and mechanically to the thermal bridge 9a.
  • the insulating layer 10 can consist of mica, a thin ceramic sheet, an oxidation layer such as Al 2 O 3 , a heat-conductive adhesive with electrically insulating properties, conventional plastics, for example the housing material or comparable materials.
  • the existing metal thermal bridge is mechanically stable and unbreakable, so that in addition to the desired equalization of the heat load of the current paths and a good stiffening of the housing is achieved.
  • the thermal and mechanical connection of the metal thermal bridge 9, 9a, 9b to a contact carrier 5, optionally with the interposition of a thermally conductive insulating layer 10, can be achieved by means of a mechanical connecting element 18, such as e.g. with a screw or a rivet (for example Al-rivet), as shown by way of example in FIG.
  • a mechanical connecting element 18 such as e.g. with a screw or a rivet (for example Al-rivet)
  • contact carrier and thermal bridge are clamped together, thereby achieving a particularly effective thermal coupling between said parts.
  • Transverse movements between thermal bridge 9, 9a, 9b, insulation layer 10 and current path 4a, b, c are avoided by this type of fixation.
  • the transverse rigidity of the current paths 4a, 4b, 4c is increased.
  • the transverse rigidity is further improved and, in addition, effective thermal coupling of the thermal bridge 9, 9a, 9b to the housing 2 acting as a heat sink is ensured.
  • a connection of said parts can be made by gluing with adhesive or - to improve the thermal conductivity - with a thermal compound.
  • the metallic thermal bridge 9b is connected directly to the contact carriers 5, ie, without the interposition of an insulating layer.
  • the electrical separation of the current paths is achieved by the thermal bridge 9b is subdivided into three sections 12 by means of two insulation layers 10a, each section 12 being connected to a flow path 4a, 4b, 4c.
  • the same materials as in the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4 can be used, wherein a total of one insulating layer is less required, which mainly reduces the manufacturing cost and also the heat transfer from the current paths 4a, 4b, 4c to the thermal bridge and of this improved to a heat sink. It is also conceivable for the insulation layers 10a to be formed by housing walls 11, wherein the sections 12 of the thermal bridge 9b can be connected to a housing wall 11 in the manner shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 essentially correspond to those in accordance with FIGS. 3 and 5, but with the contact carriers 5 being connected to the thermal bridge 9a, 9b with a positive locking effect in a direction transverse to the current paths 4a, 4b, 4c.
  • This is achieved in that the contact carrier 5 eino in a complementary to its cross-sectional shape groove 13 in the thermal bridge 9a, 9b at least partially.
  • the one-piece thermal bridge 9a (FIG. 6)
  • this takes place in each case with the interposition of an insulation layer 10b.
  • a heat transfer between the contact bridges 6 is in principle also possible with the aid of a thermal bridge of the type described above.
  • a mechanical connection of a thermal bridge to a heat sink is not possible because it would hinder the opening of the contact bridges 6.
  • a thermal bridge 9c is arranged between two adjacent current paths 4a-4b and 4b-4c in the embodiments shown in FIGS so is dimensioned that it hineinerstreckt in the contact region 14 and this shields laterally.
  • An air gap 15 is present in each case between the current paths 4a, 4b, 4c flanking the thermal bridge 9c and the thermal bridges 9c.
  • a further thermal bridge 9d is present on the outer sides of the outer current paths 4a, 4c, which also extend laterally past the contact region 14.
  • the thermal bridges 9d are expediently in contact with the housing outer wall or the surrounding area, whereby a corresponding heat exchange is ensured.
  • the thermal bridges 9c, 9d may consist of the above-mentioned materials, that is, for example, made of ceramic or metal.
  • an electrically insulating coating 16 is expedient.
  • a black or a black colored material such as a plastic material with which the thermal bridges 9c, 9d are suitably encapsulated.
  • the coating 16 also serves to fix the thermal bridges 9c, 9d in the switching device in a simple manner.
  • thermal bridges 9c, 9d are preferably connected in one piece to one another via a transverse connector 17, as a result of which the heat exchange between the current paths is further optimized.
  • the component formed from thermal bridges 9c, 9d and cross connector 17 can form a housing base or embedded in such.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 thus likewise improve the heat exchange between the current paths 4a, 4b, 4c and ensure effective cooling of the contact bridges 6 with different contact contact resistances and a consequent uneven heating.

Landscapes

  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un commutateur électrique comprenant un boîtier (2) constitué d'un matériau électro-isolant. Dans ce commutateur, des voies de courant (4a, 4b, 4c) sont respectivement associées à trois phases différentes d'un système triphasé. Ces voies de courant présentent respectivement une région de contact (14) comportant un pont de contact (6). Les voies de courant sont thermiquement reliées les unes aux autres par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un pont thermique (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) qui est constitué au moins en partie d'un matériau présentant une conductivité thermique supérieure à celle du matériau du boîtier ou de l'air.
EP07722058A 2007-03-28 2007-03-28 Commutateur électrique Withdrawn EP2126941A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2007/000497 WO2008116432A1 (fr) 2007-03-28 2007-03-28 Commutateur électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2126941A1 true EP2126941A1 (fr) 2009-12-02

Family

ID=38579274

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07722058A Withdrawn EP2126941A1 (fr) 2007-03-28 2007-03-28 Commutateur électrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2126941A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20100016018A (fr)
CN (1) CN101641756A (fr)
DE (1) DE112007003525A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008116432A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2549500A1 (fr) * 2011-07-16 2013-01-23 ABB Technology AG Mécanisme de commutation à isolation gazeuse, spécialement des panneaux ou tableaux isolés au SF6
KR101564992B1 (ko) 2014-05-30 2015-11-03 엘에스산전 주식회사 배선용 차단기
WO2016075128A1 (fr) * 2014-11-10 2016-05-19 Zettler Electronics Gmbh Relais présentant deux trajets de courant montés en parallèle

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7323597U (de) * 1973-06-26 1973-10-11 Sachsenwerk Licht Und Kraft Ag Elektrischer Schalter
DE8410078U1 (de) * 1984-03-31 1986-04-30 Steinecker, Walter, 6052 Mühlheim Reedrelais mit Thermospannungs-Ausgleich
JP3845534B2 (ja) * 1999-12-01 2006-11-15 株式会社東芝 スイッチギヤ

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008116432A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112007003525A5 (de) 2010-02-25
CN101641756A (zh) 2010-02-03
WO2008116432A1 (fr) 2008-10-02
KR20100016018A (ko) 2010-02-12

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