EP2118431B1 - Outil bilame rotatif - Google Patents
Outil bilame rotatif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2118431B1 EP2118431B1 EP08725403A EP08725403A EP2118431B1 EP 2118431 B1 EP2118431 B1 EP 2118431B1 EP 08725403 A EP08725403 A EP 08725403A EP 08725403 A EP08725403 A EP 08725403A EP 2118431 B1 EP2118431 B1 EP 2118431B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- bit
- axis
- gauge
- back rake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
- E21B10/55—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits with preformed cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to rotary drag bits and, in particular, to an improved system, method, and apparatus for a rotary drag bit having gauge cutting elements configured at large back rake angles.
- Earth-boring bits of the fixed cutter variety commonly referred to as drag bits, have no moving parts and employ an array of hard inserts to scrape and shear formation material as the bit is rotated in the borehole.
- Inserts on prior art fixed cutter bits are typically aligned such that the inserts scrape the material from the borehole bottom.
- the longitudinal axis of the insert is typically at a small acute angle (e.g., 0° to 30°) relative to the bit face.
- Such an alignment places the cutting face of a cylindrically-shaped insert nearly perpendicular to the borehole bottom. The contact area between the cutting element and the formation starts out very small but increases rapidly as penetration or depth of cut becomes deeper.
- EP 1 134 355 A2 is considered the closest prior art document and discloses a fixed cutter rotary drill bit having a bit body with a bit axis and a cutting profile defined about the bit axis, the cutting profile including a cone extending from the bit axis, a nose adjacent the cone, a shoulder adjacent the nose, and a gauge adjacent the shoulder, the gauge being on an outermost portion of the bit body relative to the bit axis and being adapted to engage a side wall of a bore hole during drilling operations, a plurality of cutting elements extending from the cone, nose, shoulder and gauge of the cutting profile.
- the cutting elements extending from the gauge have a back rake angle of 20°.
- EP 1 091 083 A1 discloses a bi-center bit comprising a bit body defining a pilot bit and an intermediate reamer section.
- the reamer section defines leading and trailing upsets such that cutting elements positioned about said leading and trailing upsets and extending to the pass-through gauge define an effective back-rake angle of between 45° to 85°.
- WO 03/031763 discloses a drill bit used for percussion drilling and having a bit body provided with a plurality of cutters mutually spaced along the bottom face of the drill bit. The cutters are fixed to the bit body at a back-rake angle of about 70°. However, no cutters are fixed at the gauge region of the drill bit.
- the object of the invention is to provide a fixed cutter rotary drill bit which helps to ensure cutter loading in the gauge region when side impact forces are higher.
- Embodiments of a system, method, and apparatus for a fixed cutter rotary drill bit having gauge cutting elements at large back rake angles are disclosed.
- the gauge is located at the outer diameter side wall portion of the bit that extends from the cutting end. The gauge and its cutting components contact the side wall of the bore hole during drilling operations.
- the gauge cutting elements may be configured at a back rake angle in a range of about 40° to 70°.
- a very high back rake angle helps ensure compressive cutter loading when side impact forces are higher.
- Bit 11 has a bit axis 12 and a threaded end 13 for connection into a drill string.
- a cutting end 15 at a generally opposite end of the bit 11 is provided with a plurality of hard cutting elements 17 (e.g., polycrystalline diamond cutters, etc.) arranged about cutting end 15 to effect efficient disintegration of formation material as bit 11 is rotated in a bore hole.
- hard cutting elements 17 e.g., polycrystalline diamond cutters, etc.
- each cutting element 17 has a cylindrical base 19 with an axis 20, and is secured in a preformed pocket 21 provided on cutting end 15 and a cutting face 23 that engages the formation material.
- cutting element 17 may comprise a frustoconical cutting end that forms a beveled edge adjacent the face 23.
- Cutting element 17 acts somewhat like a plow that generally directs a high percentage of the material of the formation up its flat face.
- profile 25 (approximately half of which is shown in FIG. 2 ) about bit axis 12.
- profile 25 comprises various areas, including a cone 27, a nose 29, a shoulder 31, and a gauge or gauge pad or surface 33.
- the gauge 33 is on a radially outermost portion of the bit body relative to the bit axis 12.
- the gauge 33 essentially defines the flat, outer diameter side wall portion of bit 11 that extends from cutting end 15 ( FIG. 1 ).
- the gauge 33 and its cutting components are proximal to and contact the side wall 34 (see FIG. 3 ) of the bore hole during drilling operations with bit 11.
- a plurality of channels or grooves 35 extend from cutting end 15 through gauge 33 to provide a clearance area for the removal of cuttings and chips formed by cutting elements 17.
- a plurality of cutting elements 17 are provided on gauge 33 of bit 11.
- Active, gauge cutting elements 17 on gauge 33 provide the ability to actively cut formation material at the side wall 34 ( FIG. 3 ) of the bore hole to provide dynamic stability and improved gauge-holding ability in earth-boring bits of the fixed cutter variety.
- at least some of the gauge cutting elements 17 on gauge 33 may be ground flat at the outer diameter of bit 11 for some types of applications.
- Bit 11 is illustrated as a polycrystalline diamond cutter (PDC) bit, but cutting elements 17 are equally useful in other fixed cutter or drag bits that include a gauge or gauge surface for engagement with the side wall of the bore hole. Examples include impregnated and natural diamond bit cutting elements.
- Cutting element 117 is a conventional PDC cutting element and is cylindrical in shape.
- Cutting element 117 has an axis 120 and a diamond table on its face 123 with an essentially circular cross-section.
- Cutting element 117 has a cutter back rake angle 140 of 20°.
- conventional cutter back rake angles of 5° to 30° also are known.
- the circle 23 represents the face of cutting element 17 on the gauge 33.
- a back rake axis 42 is shown as vertical in the drawing, and parallel to the gauge 33, bit axis 12, and the bore side wall 34.
- a side rake axis 44 is perpendicular to axis 42, gauge 33, the bit axis 12, and the bore side wall 34.
- both the back rake angle and the side rake angle of element 17 are zero.
- face 23 extends in the plane defined by axes 42, 44, such that it is perpendicular to the gauge 33 and bore sidewall, and face 23 is parallel to axes 12, 42 and 44. Rotating the face 23 about axis 42 results in a modification to the back rake angle.
- a positive back rake angle inclines the cutting face 23 away from the bit axis 12 and toward the borehole 34. Rotating the face 23 about axis 44 results in a modification to the side rake angle.
- a positive side rake angle includes the cutting face 23 away from the drill string and toward the bottom of the bore hole.
- one embodiment of cutting element 17 in accordance with the invention is shown with a relatively large positive back rake angle 42 of 40°, and a 0° side rake angle.
- another embodiment of cutting element 17 is shown at a 65° back rake angle 42, and a 0° side rake angle.
- the invention may comprise back rake angles of approximately 40° to 70°.
- a very high back rake angle help ensures compressive cutter loading when side impact forces are higher. This is accomplished by lowering the y-component force (see, e.g., FIGS. 5 and 6 ) that results from side loads.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Claims (9)
- Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) ayant un corps de trépan avec un axe de trépan (12) et un profil de coupe (25) défini autour de l'axe de trépan (12), le profil de coupe (25) incluant un cône (27) s'étendant à partir de l'axe de trépan (12), un nez (29) adjacent au cône (27), un talon (31) adjacent au nez (29), et un calibre (33) adjacent au talon (31), le calibre (33) étant sur une partie la plus extérieure du corps de trépan par rapport à l'axe de trépan (12) et étant adapté à engager une paroi latérale (34) d'un puits de forage lors d'opérations de forage, une pluralité d'éléments de coupe (17) s'étendant à partir du cône (27), du nez (29), du talon (31) et du calibre (33) du profil de coupe (25), caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des éléments de coupe (17) s'étendant à partir du calibre (33) a un angle de coupe vers l'arrière dans une plage de 40° à 70°.
- Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les éléments de coupe (17) sont choisis parmi le groupe consistant en des outils de coupe au diamant polycristallin (PDC), et des éléments de coupe de trépan au diamant imprégné et naturel.
- Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel au moins certains des éléments de coupe (17) s'étendant à partir du calibre (33) sont aplatis par rectification à un diamètre extérieur du corps de trépan.
- Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque élément de coupe (17) a une base cylindrique (19) qui est fixée dans une poche (21) dans le corps de trépan, un axe d'élément de coupe (20), et une face de coupe (23) avec un bord biseauté.
- Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la face de coupe (23) s'étend dans un plan définissant un axe de coupe vers l'arrière (42) et un axe de coupe latérale (44) qui est perpendiculaire à l'axe de coupe vers l'arrière, les deux axes de coupe vers l'arrière et de coupe latérale s'étendant à travers l'axe d'élément de coupe (20), et l'axe de coupe vers l'arrière étant parallèle à une surface du calibre (33) et à l'axe de trépan (12), de telle manière qu'un angle de coupe vers l'arrière positif au niveau du calibre incline la face de coupe à l'opposé de l'axe de trépan.
- Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'angle de coupe vers l'arrière (42) est 40°.
- Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'angle de coupe vers l'arrière (42) est 65°.
- Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre une extrémité filetée (13) pour un raccordement dans un train de tiges, et
dans lequel les éléments de coupe (17) s'étendent à partir d'une extrémité de coupe (15) dans le cône (27), le nez (29), le talon (31), et le calibre (33) du profil de coupe (25), l'extrémité de coupe opposée à l'extrémité filetée, et le calibre sur une partie radialement la plus extérieure du corps de trépan par rapport à l'axe de trépan (12). - Trépan rotatif à outil de coupe fixe (11) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la pluralité d'éléments de coupe (17) s'étendent à partir de l'extrémité de coupe (15) dans le cône (27), le nez (29), le talon (31), et le calibre (33) du profil de coupe (25), chaque élément de coupe ayant une base cylindrique (19), un axe d'élément de coupe (20), et une face de coupe (23), dans lequel la face de coupe s'étend dans un plan définissant un axe de coupe vers l'arrière (42) et un axe de coupe latérale (44) qui est perpendiculaire à l'axe de coupe vers l'arrière, les deux axes de coupe vers l'arrière et de coupe latérale s'étendant à travers l'axe d'élément de coupe, et l'axe de coupe vers l'arrière étant parallèle à une surface du calibre et à l'axe de trépan, de telle manière qu'un angle de coupe vers l'arrière positif au niveau du calibre incline la face de coupe à l'opposé de l'axe de trépan (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US88940307P | 2007-02-12 | 2007-02-12 | |
PCT/US2008/001764 WO2008100455A1 (fr) | 2007-02-12 | 2008-02-11 | Outil bilame rotatif |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2118431A1 EP2118431A1 (fr) | 2009-11-18 |
EP2118431B1 true EP2118431B1 (fr) | 2011-11-23 |
Family
ID=39530646
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08725403A Not-in-force EP2118431B1 (fr) | 2007-02-12 | 2008-02-11 | Outil bilame rotatif |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080190670A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2118431B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101605962A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE534797T1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2009008257A (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2009133697A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2008100455A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10563463B2 (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2020-02-18 | Ulterra Drilling Technologies, L.P. | Earth boring tool with improved arrangements of cutter side rakes |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9644428B2 (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2017-05-09 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drill bit with a hybrid cutter profile |
US9464490B2 (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2016-10-11 | Smith International, Inc. | Gage cutter protection for drilling bits |
CN103362444B (zh) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-10-26 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | 一种切削-磨削翼片型油气钻井用钻头 |
US9739094B2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2017-08-22 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Reamer blades exhibiting at least one of enhanced gage cutting element backrakes and exposures and reamers so equipped |
EP2865843B1 (fr) * | 2013-10-28 | 2016-01-20 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Trépan pour roches à percussion avec des boutons de jauge optimisés |
GB2520998B (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2016-06-29 | Schlumberger Holdings | Expandable Reamer |
CN106471112A (zh) * | 2014-05-06 | 2017-03-01 | 美利肯公司 | 衣物洗涤护理组合物 |
CN104074465A (zh) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-01 | 江苏长城石油装备制造有限公司 | 一种用于刮刀切削牙轮的钻头 |
GB2528459B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2018-10-31 | Schlumberger Holdings | Reamer |
GB2528456A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-27 | Schlumberger Holdings | Reamer |
GB2528454A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-27 | Schlumberger Holdings | Reamer |
GB2528457B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2018-10-10 | Schlumberger Holdings | Reamer |
GB2528458A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-27 | Schlumberger Holdings | Reamer |
WO2016014283A1 (fr) | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-28 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Alésoir |
CN106761424B (zh) * | 2017-01-21 | 2019-04-12 | 四川川石·克锐达金刚石钻头有限公司 | 一种切削元件成对设置的pdc钻头 |
JP6543297B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-07-10 | 独立行政法人石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構 | Pdcビット |
US11480016B2 (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2022-10-25 | Ulterra Drilling Technologies, L.P. | Drill bit |
CN113738285A (zh) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-03 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | 具有切削脊和倾斜切削面的复合片及pdc钻头 |
RU2769009C1 (ru) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-03-28 | Алексей Викторович Чихоткин | Буровое долото |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4440247A (en) * | 1982-04-29 | 1984-04-03 | Sartor Raymond W | Rotary earth drilling bit |
US6332503B1 (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 2001-12-25 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Fixed cutter bit with chisel or vertical cutting elements |
US6050354A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 2000-04-18 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Rolling cutter bit with shear cutting gage |
US5287936A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1994-02-22 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Rolling cone bit with shear cutting gage |
US5467836A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1995-11-21 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Fixed cutter bit with shear cutting gage |
US5346026A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1994-09-13 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Rolling cone bit with shear cutting gage |
US5443565A (en) * | 1994-07-11 | 1995-08-22 | Strange, Jr.; William S. | Drill bit with forward sweep cutting elements |
GB9420839D0 (en) | 1994-10-15 | 1994-11-30 | Camco Drilling Group Ltd | Improvements in or relating to rotary drill bits |
US6340064B2 (en) | 1999-02-03 | 2002-01-22 | Diamond Products International, Inc. | Bi-center bit adapted to drill casing shoe |
WO2003031763A1 (fr) | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-17 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Systeme de forage par rotopercussion dans une formation geologique |
US7455125B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2008-11-25 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling tool equipped with improved cutting element layout to reduce cutter damage through formation changes, methods of design and operation thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-02-11 CN CNA200880004759XA patent/CN101605962A/zh active Pending
- 2008-02-11 WO PCT/US2008/001764 patent/WO2008100455A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-02-11 EP EP08725403A patent/EP2118431B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-02-11 AT AT08725403T patent/ATE534797T1/de active
- 2008-02-11 US US12/029,197 patent/US20080190670A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-02-11 MX MX2009008257A patent/MX2009008257A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2008-02-11 RU RU2009133697/03A patent/RU2009133697A/ru unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10563463B2 (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2020-02-18 | Ulterra Drilling Technologies, L.P. | Earth boring tool with improved arrangements of cutter side rakes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101605962A (zh) | 2009-12-16 |
ATE534797T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
MX2009008257A (es) | 2009-08-12 |
RU2009133697A (ru) | 2011-03-20 |
US20080190670A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
EP2118431A1 (fr) | 2009-11-18 |
WO2008100455A1 (fr) | 2008-08-21 |
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