EP2118408B1 - Folding structure that can be unfolded and refolded quickly - Google Patents

Folding structure that can be unfolded and refolded quickly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2118408B1
EP2118408B1 EP07823698.1A EP07823698A EP2118408B1 EP 2118408 B1 EP2118408 B1 EP 2118408B1 EP 07823698 A EP07823698 A EP 07823698A EP 2118408 B1 EP2118408 B1 EP 2118408B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
designed
folding structure
folding
articulated
uprights
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EP07823698.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2118408A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Stehly
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Vitabri SAS
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Vitabri SAS
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/34—Supporting means, e.g. frames
    • E04H15/44—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type
    • E04H15/48—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type foldable, i.e. having pivoted or hinged means
    • E04H15/50—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type foldable, i.e. having pivoted or hinged means lazy-tongs type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/34—Supporting means, e.g. frames
    • E04H15/44—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type
    • E04H15/46—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type telescoping and foldable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a foldable structure capable of passing from an extended position to a folded position, and vice versa, comprising telescopic posts each comprising at least one lower element sliding relative to an upper element integral with said structure, and which support a set of prismatic boxes adjacent to each other, and whose walls are constituted by braces scissors articulated spars.
  • the present invention is in the field of dismountable or collapsible structures intended to serve as a shelter.
  • Such a shelter is generally made of a metal structure covered at least in the upper part by a covering element forming a roof.
  • This shelter presents itself most often, in deployed position, like a tent having the shape of a cube surmounted by a pyramid.
  • This type of shelter is intended for occasional use, as a stand or the like, over a fixed period, requiring assembly and disassembly as simple as fast. Therefore, existing shelters have been planned unfolding, moving from a folded configuration, for transport and storage, to an expanded position, or vice versa. This ability to fold and deploy the shelter greatly facilitates its assembly compared to shelters comprising a structure consisting of longitudinal members, rods or removable bars and secured together by fasteners.
  • a foldable shelter comprises a structure generally consisting of longitudinal members of metal material, for example aluminum or aluminum compound profiles, or composite material such as fiberglass or carbon, or the like. These rails are articulated together so as to allow the passage of said shelter from a folded position to an expanded configuration, or vice versa.
  • the covering element is subject to said structure so that the folding or deployment of the shelter does not does not require removing said cover element.
  • the latter is made in the form of a sheet of textile or plastic material, or the like, flexible and waterproof, attached to said structure.
  • the known foldable shelters are limited in size because of the lift of the structure and the weight that support the articulated spars as well as the total mass of the structure.
  • Known shelters generally have a maximum floor area of 24 square meters. For larger surfaces, it is then necessary to use conventional removable shelters.
  • Such a structure, large area and large height, is necessarily heavier and more complex than a structure designed only to allow, at ground level, the passage of the public, and whose template is adjusted to the standards of height for the movement of people.
  • the mass of a large shelter for example a footprint of 5 x 5 meters, represents, even with the use of light materials, a mass, especially greater than 100 kg, that can not be exceeded. easily handle a single man.
  • a collapsible structure comprising telescopic uprights each comprising at least one lower element sliding relative to an upper element, deployment or folding means being incorporated in these telescopic uprights.
  • These support a set of prismatic boxes adjacent to each other.
  • the walls of these boxes are constituted by braces scissors articulated spars, able to move from an extended position to a folded position and vice versa.
  • the upper element of the telescopic uprights comprises, over all or part of its length, guiding means constituted by a slide inside which slides a carriage. On these carriages are mounted articulated the ends of longitudinal members that comprises said structure.
  • the disadvantage represented by the mass of a large structure is further amplified by the development in height thereof.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art by proposing a collapsible shelter structure capable of passing from an extended position to a folded position, and vice versa, comprising telescopic uprights each comprising at least a lower element sliding relative to an upper element secured to said structure, and which support a set of adjacent prismatic boxes to each other, and whose walls are constituted by crosspieces scissors articulated spars, said uprights comprising means for deployment or folding of said uprights, incorporated in said telescopic uprights and said upper member comprising all or part of its length guiding means constituted by a slide, designed adapted to cooperate with rolling means constituted by a carriage which slides inside the latter and on which are mounted articulated the ends of longitudinal members that comprises said structure, said deployment means or folding of said amounts being constituted by gas cylinders.
  • the invention is thus designed to allow its easy implementation with a reduced staff, even by a single person.
  • An advantage of the structure according to the invention lies in the fact that it provides, beyond a footprint of 24 m 2 , an alternative to the use of removable structures.
  • the present invention relates to a foldable structure 1, capable of passing from a folded storage or transport position to an extended position, or vice versa, and intended to form a shelter 2 in the deployed position.
  • the deployed position is visible on the figure 1 .
  • This shelter 2 comprises cover means 3 secured to said structure 1 so as to fold along the latter during the folding of said shelter 2.
  • cover means 3 may advantageously be in the form of a single or double tarpaulin curvature, made of plastic compound or any other material.
  • This sheet is put under lateral tension by the deployment of the structure 1.
  • a central mast 4 vertical tension said tarpaulin.
  • This mast can advantageously be mounted in the form of a cam, so as to rise or fall under the action of rotation of a crank, not shown.
  • the cover means 3 form a substantially pyramidal roof. This roof may be crowned with a cap 5 secured to the upper end of said mast 4.
  • the structure 1 comprises longitudinal members 6 articulated together so as to form a mesh allowing its folding and deployment.
  • Said longitudinal members 6 are movable in the manner of accordions on scissors-type joints to allow their spacing or their approximation, the extension or contraction of said longitudinal members 6 being transversely in a horizontal plane.
  • the skeleton of the structure 1, consisting of the longitudinal members 6, is designed to give it, by its rigidity, good wind resistance. Indeed, wind resistance is the biggest obstacle to making large shelters, whether they are foldable or not.
  • the skeleton of the structure is designed as a set of boxes 20 adjacent to each other, and whose walls are constituted by such rails 6 articulated scissors.
  • the longitudinal members 6 constitute, assembled and articulated by joints 30, substantially planar sides 22, of these boxes 20, these latter represented in dashed line.
  • the spars 6 thus define between them caissons 20 deformable, juxtaposed to one another, and necessarily deforming together.
  • the longitudinal members 6 on each side 22 are assembled in braces 21, in the form of complete lozenges within the structure 1, and half-loops at the periphery of the latter.
  • the structure 1 preferably comprises a symmetry of construction with respect to at least one vertical plane passing through its highest point, corresponding to a mast 4.
  • the structure 1 is symmetrical with respect to a vertical axis passing through its highest point, coinciding with the axis of its mast 4 .
  • the structure 1 is symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry that passes through several high points, of equal or different altitude.
  • the longitudinal members 6 are arranged so as to remain, during their operation, in planes parallel to the axis of symmetry if it exists, or parallel to a vertical axis of the plane of symmetry.
  • each side of the polygon serves to support an odd number of boxes 20.
  • this axis is, in the central part of the structure, framed by at least one box 20. This arrangement allows in particular to design oblique bracing means, bearing on this box 20 located at the axis, to strengthen the mast 4 passing through the 'axis of symmetry.
  • the central box 20 thus constituted is, according to the number of boxes 20 bearing on each side of the polygon, inscribed in larger homothetic structures.
  • the structure 1 comprises uprights 8, each comprising telescopic seating means 7 consisting of at least a lower portion 9 and an upper portion 10.
  • the invention is further designed to enable its easy implementation by a very small staff, or even a single person, using a device for lifting, mounting, descent, and dismantling of the structure 1.
  • the uprights 8 are advantageously equipped, between at least two elements constituting them, in particular the lower element 9 and the upper element 10, deployment means 40, as visible on the figure 4 .
  • These deployment means 40 make it possible both to carry out the actual deployment maneuver of each upright 8, by spreading its lower part 9 and its upper part 10 and thereby helping to lift the structure 1, that the reverse folding maneuver, bringing them together, during which the deployment means 40 prevent the structure 1 from falling back, by supporting it during a controlled descent.
  • These deployment means 40 may in particular be constituted by pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic, electromechanical or the like.
  • the deployment means 40 consist of one or more pneumatic cylinders, said gas cylinders 41, lightweight and autonomous, characterized by the absence of servitude such as a battery or the like. They can, again, consist of a series of several small gas cylinders 41, short stroke, so as to remain compatible with the small footprint required in the folded position. Spacers 42 make it possible, if necessary, to adjust the strokes of such cylinders 41.
  • a shelter structure 2 square of 5 meters by 5 meters, which represents, provided with covering means 3 in the form of a tarpaulin, a mass of the order of 130 kg, it makes the assembly possible for a very small team, even a single person, without particular muscular effort. In addition, any risk of jamming or falling during the maneuver is avoided.
  • all the guides are of the plastic type on aluminum alloy, so as to minimize friction.
  • the structure advantageously still comprises means for moving the ground by sliding or rolling.
  • deployment means 40 makes it still possible to design shelter structures comprising uprights 8 each composed, in addition to a lower element 9 and an upper element 10, of intermediate elements.
  • one or more secondary means of deployment 25, as visible on the figure 2 are positioned inside the articulated braces 21 that form, together, on the side of the boxes 20 constituting the structure, the different longitudinal members 6.
  • Deployment assistance is done either by implanting secondary means of deployment 25 at the level of the diagonals of the lozenges whose length will increase during deployment, or by implanting them at the level of diagonals whose length will decrease during deployment.
  • These secondary means of deployment 25 also have the function of reinforcing the structure against vertical forces, such as the load formed by snow on the cover means 3. They maintain the diagonal spacing, and can limit the deformation of structure 1 under the load.
  • the secondary deployment means 25 are made in a similar manner to the deployment means 40, and preferably by gas cylinders.
  • the foldable structures 1 advantageously comprise first locking / unlocking means 80 in the folded position, associated with first complementary means 81.
  • the upper element 10 comprises, in a preferred embodiment, over all or part of its length, guiding means, such as a slideway 13, designed to cooperate with integral rolling means. and articulated to the structure 1.
  • These rolling means comprise a carriage 12 which slides inside the slide 13.
  • This carriage 12 supports the longitudinal members 6 adjacent to this upright 8 and articulated, at their ends, to the latter for the deployment of the structure 1 .
  • the slideway 13 is still designed to be used as support for servitudes transporting fluids, energy, communication means, in the form of interlocking kits and having locking means in the slideway 13.
  • connection means to power supply means and / or to communication means may be designed in the form of blocks of electrical, optical or other receptacles advantageously integrated in the uprights 8.
  • the first locking / unlocking means 80 are constituted, in a preferred application, by a finger 82 which comprises a carriage 12 which slides inside or outside a post 8.
  • the complementary means 81 are then constituted by a housing 83 formed in the same upright 8 and designed to receive the finger 82.
  • the finger 82 is equipped with elastic return means, such as a spring 86, tending to push said finger 82 in the locking position in said housing 83, gripping means 88 such as a button to release the finger 82 of the housing 83, for the unlocking operation.
  • the means 80 and 81 may, again, consist of a hook cooperating with a stop such as a pin or an axis, or vice versa.
  • Foldable structures according to the invention advantageously comprise second locking or unlocking means 90 in unfolded position, associated with second complementary means 91.
  • Their configuration may be similar to the means 80 and 81 described above.
  • the complete deployment of the structure corresponds to the attainment, by the carriage 12 sliding in or on the upright 8, of its furthest position from the ground.
  • a preferred embodiment, as visible on the figure 8 consists of locking / unlocking means 90 in the form of a handle 92.
  • This handle 92 is articulated on a shaft 94 in the middle position which is mounted integral with the amount 8, it has at a first end 95 a hook 96 which is designed adapted to cooperate with complementary means 91 such as a pin or an axis that includes the carriage 12, for example at a yoke 93.
  • Elastic return means 99 such as a spring, tend to cooperate the hook 96 with the axis 91.
  • the handle 92 comprises at a second end 97 an operating handle 98 whose action allows to cancel the action of the return means 99 , and to release the hook 96 from the axis 91.
  • Other optional locking means are, advantageously, as visible on the figure 5 , constituted by one or more tensioning cables 45 interconnecting at least two uprights 8, by the upper part of the deployed structure, by means of pulleys or guide pins or the like, and designed to be taut, a Once the structure 1 fully deployed, for example using an eccentric handle or the like.
  • the path of such tensioning cables 45 is inside the components of the structure 1, in particular the longitudinal members 6 and the upper portions 10 of the uprights 8.
  • the latter are advantageously equipped with guide means and returning said tensioning cables 45.
  • tensioning cables 23 are, again, advantageously used to reinforce the structure 1, completing the sides 22 of the boxes 20 that make up the structure 1: these sides 22 of boxes are formed by the braces 21, in the form of rhombs or semi-lozenges juxtaposed.
  • the tensioning cables 23 are then used to complete the virtual structure of the sides 22 of the caissons 20, in the form of straight lines substantially parallel to the ground, at the joints 30, the highest level 23A, or / and the lowest 23B, of these sides 22 of boxes 20.
  • bases 11, and / or the lower portions 9 of the uprights 8 are advantageously arranged to receive tie rods 70, including telescopic, which provide a complementary stiffening, and a perfect parallelism of the uprights 8, as visible on the figure 5 .
  • tie rods 70 are designed to work both in tension and compression buckling. These tie rods 70 and improve the strength of the structure in severe weather conditions, heavy snowfall, or strong winds parallel to the ground.
  • tie rods 70 preferably arranged near the ground, can in particular be equipped with means for receiving curtains or partitions such as lower hooks or tensioners, or be equipped with thresholds.
  • tie rods 70 delimit and immobilize at a time.
  • the fastening is easily made by fastening elements such as shackles in the upper parts, and such as beta pins at the bases 11 on the ground.
  • locking means are constituted in the form of at least one hook spar 100, which is articulated around an upper hinge 101 of at least one articulated cross 21.
  • This spar-hook 100 is provided at its lower part with a hook 103 designed capable of cooperating with a pin 104, or the like, which comprises a lower hinge 102 located vertically of said upper hinge 101.
  • the spar-hook 100 remains, under the effect of gravity, substantially parallel to the uprights 8 during the deployment of the structure and the elevation of the lower joints 102.
  • This hook 103 or this journal 104 preferably comprises immobilization means in the relative position of one with respect to the other, either by deformation, or by means of resilient return such as a spring, or by a means for holding in position.
  • a nut 60 intended to be fixed at the periphery of the deployed structure, on the end of each spar 6 carrying the sheet 3 at a fastener or a gripping screw.
  • This nut 60 which may advantageously comprise a folding latch, has a bottom portion of designed shape adapted, for example in the form of a hook, for the reception and attachment of at least one horizontal cross member 61.
  • This horizontal cross member 61 is suspended it itself preferably comprises a lower slot 62 at a raceway for roller curtain clips, or the like.
  • horizontal crosspieces 61 are designed to be hooked, after deployment of the foldable structure 1, at the upper portions 10 of the uprights 8, in particular in cooperation with one or more housings 131 that comprise these upper parts 10
  • Such a horizontal cross member 61 is preferably articulated to have a reduced size in the folded state, compatible with that of the foldable structure 1 itself. It then comprises at least one hinge 601 also acting as expansion stop in the unfolded state, as visible on the figure 19 .
  • the horizontal cross member 61 comprises in particular at least one groove and a chamber for the reception of lateral tarpaulins intended to constitute partitions of the foldable structure 1, and their suspension wheels.
  • the structure 1 is designed to withstand severe weather constraints, for example at the seaside or in the mountains.
  • the structure 1 incorporates at least one reinforcement 130, designed capable of cooperating with the upper portion 10 of the upright 8, and the horizontal crossbar 61 adjacent, to stiffen their connection, once the structure 1 deployed, the sleepers horizontal mounted 61, and after the immobilization of said reinforcement 130 by locking means 133.
  • the upper portion 10 of the upright 8 then comprises a housing 131 designed adapted to receive the reinforcement 130 by sliding.
  • This reinforcement is indeed enclosed in a horizontal cross member 61, at a housing 132 that it comprises.
  • the reinforcement 130 is manually operated, in the manner of a bolt, by operating means, which, preferably, also constitute locking means 133.
  • the reinforcement 130 comprises a finger 137 protruding at a groove 136 formed in the horizontal crosspiece 61.
  • This finger 137 serves as a support for the axis 135 of an eccentric lever 134, used for unlocking, the translational maneuver, and the blocking reinforcement 130 relative to the horizontal crossbar 61.
  • each upright 8 comprises two housings 131 to cooperate with two horizontal crosspieces 61 adjacent.
  • the structure 1 preferably incorporates at least one reinforcement 130, designed capable of cooperating with two adjacent sections 602 and 603 of a horizontal cross member 61, to stiffen their connection, once the crosspiece 61 unfolded and resting on its hinge 601, and after immobilization of said reinforcement 130 by blocking means 133.
  • the same type of reinforcement 130 can be used, as visible on the figure 15 , to strengthen the junction of the two adjacent sections 602 and 603 of a horizontal cross member 61 after complete deployment of the latter.
  • the reinforcement 130 slides in the housing 132 of the two adjacent sections 602 and 603, and secures them from the inside.
  • the reinforcement 130 is immobilized by locking means 133 of the above type.
  • all the links between sections 602 and 603 comprise such a reinforcement 130.
  • the braces 21 of the foldable structure 1 comprise such nuts 60 for the holding of the covering means 3, in particular in the form of a tarpaulin, and for the attachment of a horizontal cross member 61.
  • the nut 60 advantageously comprises an arm designed to carry the covering means 3, and to keep them sufficiently far away from the mechanical members during the deployment and folding maneuvers, to avoid any jamming.
  • Foldable structures according to the invention to be deployed on any type of terrain, including rugged, it is important to be able to adjust its position relative to the ground.
  • the nut 60 which is integral with the foldable structure 1 is also integral, in a pivotal connection, with a connecting piece 140.
  • This junction piece 140 is designed to externally strengthen the junction of the two sections 602, 603 of a horizontal cross member 61 adjacent to each other, on the outside of which it is designed capable of being immobilized by means of immobilization 141 fast, such as quarter turn nuts or the like.
  • the junction piece 140 preferably has a U-shaped profile, which overlaps the adjacent sections 602 and 603.
  • the connecting piece 140 can be left permanently on the foldable structure 1, or mounted on the nut 60 after the deployment of the structure 1.
  • the pivoting connection between the nut 60 and the connecting piece 140 is at a pivot 142 that comprises the latter.
  • This walnut device 60 receiving a horizontal cross member 61 is also used to create half-height separations, of the "American-style bar” type, at the periphery of the shelter, or to partition the latter.
  • cover means or covers 3 of the adjacent structures in such a shelter composition are connected, at their periphery, by flow means such as a conical gutter 50, preferably attached to the tarpaulins 3 of the respective shelters by means of fasteners.
  • a conical gutter 50 preferably attached to the tarpaulins 3 of the respective shelters by means of fasteners.
  • velvet-hook as visible on the figure 10 .
  • this tapered gutter 50 discharges the rainwater to a collection means 51, which may be located at the confluence point of several adjacent shelters, before evacuation by a flexible or rigid downcomer below the level of the floor or the ground .
  • the arrangement of the uprights 8 and the bases 11 is designed to allow the square juxtaposition of four uprights 8 of four different shelters, and to constitute between them a channel adapted to receive the collection means 51 in the upper part, and the downspout below.
  • the horizontal cross member 61 further comprises a sealed compartment 63 designed to receive electrical circuits or the like.
  • the power supply of a shelter according to the invention is particularly advantageously provided by photo-voltaic cells at the cover means 3 or strips on the periphery of the latter, or by batteries.
  • Maintaining the sheet 3 at the angles can advantageously be done with a mechanical shackle for hooking the guying.
  • bases 11 are preferably equipped with orifices for receiving stakes, in the case of implantation of the shelter structure on soft ground.
  • the mast 4 can adopt different configurations, solid or pierced, and in particular to receive or constitute a lightning rod. In a particular application, it is still designed capable of receiving an anemometer, so as to evaluate the basic dynamic pressure due to the wind.
  • the structure 1 according to the invention is, preferably, provided with different sensors of physical quantities, in particular, at the level of the longitudinal members 6 and / or joints 30, strain gages for evaluating the overload due to the snow.
  • a processing unit allows the collection of the values of these physical quantities, their comparison with instructions, and the triggering of signals, for example to trigger an evacuation alarm if the weather conditions force the operator of the the structure to trigger the evacuation, according to national standards, if the basic dynamic pressure and the snow load are above thresholds defined by the regulations.
  • the latter in a preferred embodiment, comprises at the level of at least one upright 8, receiving means 108 for signaling means 109, in particular in the form of a rabbet 110 to receive a string light 120 or row of "LED” or the like constituting these signaling means 109.
  • the lower part 9 and the upper part 10 of each upright 8 each comprise such a rabbet 110, in the preferred form of a groove, respectively 111 and 112, designed to receive either a single garland 120 or garlands 121 and 122 respectively in the grooves 111 and 112.
  • the profile of this groove 111 or 112 is circular, so as to receive a garland 120 or 121 or 122 of round section, the groove is secant with the outer profile of the profile concerned, in order to make the signaling means 109 visible on at least part of their periphery.
  • the garlands 121 and 122 are advantageously designed capable of cooperating, when the lower portion 9 and the upper portion 10 of the upright 8 are completely spaced apart, at a junction allowing their electrical continuity.
  • the rabbet 110 is still designed adapted to receive a piping 115 that includes a tarpaulin, a curtain, or any other means of lateral occultation 116 of the foldable structure.
  • These grooves 111 and 112 are aligned.
  • the groove 111 of the lower part 9 preferably comprises, at least at its upper end, a slot 113 for threading frontally the piping inside the profile.
  • the groove 112 of the upper part 10 has, at at least its lower end, a light 114 similar to the light 113. Similar lights can also be provided at the other ends of the lower part 9 or upper 10 of a post 8.
  • Such a lateral concealment means 116 may, again, advantageously be fixed to the cover means 3 , in particular at a horizontal strip, by fastening means designed capable of cooperating with complementary fastening means, such as velvet-hook or the like.
  • fastening means designed capable of cooperating with complementary fastening means, such as velvet-hook or the like.
  • the structure thus equipped then has a very good weathertightness, and its thermal balance can be better ensured.
  • These signaling means 109 are designed to be powered by autonomous energy supply means, for example photo-voltaic and / or wind, the cover means 3 then consist of materials specific to this use.
  • the supply of garlands “leds” can also, advantageously, seen their very low consumption, be made by at least one battery, for example a small battery or household battery of 12V enough to feed for 48 hours a garland of 400 meters of "leds".
  • Such signaling means 109 may, again, be integrated in the cover means 3, or in lateral concealment means 116.
  • such a structure can thus advantageously be designed for greenhouse use or forcing frame of plants.

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Description

La présente invention concerne une structure pliable apte à passer d'une position déployée à une position repliée, et inversement, comprenant des montants télescopiques comportant chacun au moins un élément inférieur coulissant par rapport à un élément supérieur solidaire de ladite structure, et qui supportent un ensemble de caissons prismatiques adjacents les uns aux autres, et dont les parois sont constituées par des croisillons de longerons articulés en ciseaux.The present invention relates to a foldable structure capable of passing from an extended position to a folded position, and vice versa, comprising telescopic posts each comprising at least one lower element sliding relative to an upper element integral with said structure, and which support a set of prismatic boxes adjacent to each other, and whose walls are constituted by braces scissors articulated spars.

La présente invention entre dans le domaine des structures démontables ou pliables destinées à servir d'abri.The present invention is in the field of dismountable or collapsible structures intended to serve as a shelter.

Un tel abri est généralement constitué d'une structure métallique recouverte au moins en partie supérieure par un élément de couverture formant un toit. Cet abri se présente le plus souvent, en position déployée, comme une tente ayant la forme d'un cube surmonté d'une pyramide.Such a shelter is generally made of a metal structure covered at least in the upper part by a covering element forming a roof. This shelter presents itself most often, in deployed position, like a tent having the shape of a cube surmounted by a pyramid.

Ce type d'abri est destiné à un usage ponctuel, comme stand ou analogue, sur une durée déterminée, nécessitant alors un montage et un démontage aussi simple que rapide. C'est pourquoi, les abris existants ont été prévus dépliables, passant d'une configuration pliée, pour leur transport et leur stockage, à une position déployée, ou inversement. Cette possibilité de plier et déployer l'abri facilite grandement son montage comparé aux abris comprenant une structure constituée de longerons, tiges ou barres amovibles et solidarisées entre elles par des éléments de fixation.This type of shelter is intended for occasional use, as a stand or the like, over a fixed period, requiring assembly and disassembly as simple as fast. Therefore, existing shelters have been planned unfolding, moving from a folded configuration, for transport and storage, to an expanded position, or vice versa. This ability to fold and deploy the shelter greatly facilitates its assembly compared to shelters comprising a structure consisting of longitudinal members, rods or removable bars and secured together by fasteners.

Un abri pliable comprend quant à lui une structure généralement constituée de longerons en matériau métallique, par exemple des profilés en aluminium ou en composé d'aluminium, ou encore en matériau composite tel que fibre de verre ou de carbone, ou analogue. Ces longerons sont articulés entre eux de manière à autoriser le passage dudit abri d'une position pliée à une configuration déployée, ou inversement.A foldable shelter comprises a structure generally consisting of longitudinal members of metal material, for example aluminum or aluminum compound profiles, or composite material such as fiberglass or carbon, or the like. These rails are articulated together so as to allow the passage of said shelter from a folded position to an expanded configuration, or vice versa.

De plus, l'élément de couverture est assujetti à ladite structure de sorte que le pliage ou le déploiement de l'abri ne nécessite pas de retirer ledit élément de couverture. Pour ce faire, ce dernier est réalisé sous la forme d'une bâche en textile ou matière plastique, ou analogue, souple et étanche, fixée à ladite structure.In addition, the covering element is subject to said structure so that the folding or deployment of the shelter does not does not require removing said cover element. To do this, the latter is made in the form of a sheet of textile or plastic material, or the like, flexible and waterproof, attached to said structure.

Toutefois, les abris pliables connus sont limités en taille en raison de la portance de la structure et le poids que supportent les longerons articulés ainsi que la masse totale de la structure. Les abris connus présentent généralement une surface au sol maximale de 24 mètres carrés. Pour des surfaces plus importantes, il est alors nécessaire de recourir à des abris démontables classiques.However, the known foldable shelters are limited in size because of the lift of the structure and the weight that support the articulated spars as well as the total mass of the structure. Known shelters generally have a maximum floor area of 24 square meters. For larger surfaces, it is then necessary to use conventional removable shelters.

La mise en oeuvre d'abris de grandes dimensions, de l'ordre de 5 x 5 mètres voire davantage, offre à son exploitant des avantages commerciaux indéniables : grande capacité surfacique et volumique, aspect net, et visibilité excellente. Ce dernier facteur est particulièrement important lors de la participation à des expositions, où chaque exposant souhaite se démarquer de ses voisins, en particulier par le volume et la hauteur de ses installations.The implementation of large shelters, of the order of 5 x 5 meters or more, offers its operator undeniable commercial advantages: large surface capacity and volume, clean appearance, and excellent visibility. This latter factor is particularly important when participating in exhibitions, where each exhibitor wishes to stand out from their neighbors, in particular by the volume and height of their facilities.

Pour permettre notamment une extension en altitude d'un tel abri, il convient de concevoir des abris avec une structure haute comportant des pieds ou montants de grande taille, ou du moins comportant une zone plus haute que le reste, ce qui impose alors le recours à un ou plusieurs mâts.To allow an extension in altitude such a shelter, it is appropriate to design shelters with a high structure with feet or large amounts, or at least having a higher area than the rest, which then requires recourse to one or more masts.

Les contraintes de service essentielles, faisant l'objet de normalisation dans de nombreux pays, sont constituées par :

  • la résistance au vent
  • la résistance à une charge de pluie ou de neige pouvant s'accumuler sur la couverture d'un tel abri.
The essential service constraints, which are subject to standardization in many countries, are:
  • wind resistance
  • resistance to a load of rain or snow that can accumulate on the cover of such a shelter.

De telles normes imposent l'évacuation du public en cas de dépassement des seuils de vitesse de vent ou de charge statique. L'exploitant a, par ailleurs, tout intérêt en pareil cas, de diminuer la prise au vent, de décharger la couverture de son abri, voire de replier ou démonter très rapidement celui-ci si les conditions deviennent extrêmes.Such standards require evacuation of the public if the wind speed or static load thresholds are exceeded. The operator also has an interest in such a case, to reduce wind resistance, to unload the cover of his shelter, or to fold or dismount very quickly if the conditions become extreme.

Une telle structure, de grande surface et de grande hauteur, est nécessairement plus lourde et aussi plus complexe qu'une structure conçue seulement pour autoriser, au niveau du sol, le passage du public, et dont le gabarit est ajusté aux normes de hauteur pour la circulation des personnes.Such a structure, large area and large height, is necessarily heavier and more complex than a structure designed only to allow, at ground level, the passage of the public, and whose template is adjusted to the standards of height for the movement of people.

En particulier, la masse d'un abri de grande taille, par exemple d'une emprise au sol de 5 x 5 mètres, représente, même avec l'emploi de matériaux légers, une masse, notamment supérieure à 100 kg, que ne peut facilement manipuler un homme seul.In particular, the mass of a large shelter, for example a footprint of 5 x 5 meters, represents, even with the use of light materials, a mass, especially greater than 100 kg, that can not be exceeded. easily handle a single man.

A ce propos, il est connu par les documents WO 01/27417 une structure pliable comprenant des montants télescopiques comportant chacun au moins un élément inférieur coulissant par rapport à un élément supérieur, des moyens de déploiement ou de repliement étant incorporés dans ces montants télescopiques. Ceux-ci supportent un ensemble de caissons prismatiques adjacents les uns aux autres. Les parois de ces caissons sont constituées par des croisillons de longerons articulés en ciseaux, apte à passer d'une position déployée à une position repliée et inversement.In this respect, it is known from the documents WO 01/27417 a collapsible structure comprising telescopic uprights each comprising at least one lower element sliding relative to an upper element, deployment or folding means being incorporated in these telescopic uprights. These support a set of prismatic boxes adjacent to each other. The walls of these boxes are constituted by braces scissors articulated spars, able to move from an extended position to a folded position and vice versa.

En vertu de l'article 54(3) CBE on connait encore, par le document WO 2007/057604 , une structure pliable similaire. Dans ce cas, l'élément supérieur des montants télescopiques comporte, sur tout ou partie de sa longueur, des moyens de guidage constitués par une glissière à l'intérieur de laquelle coulisse un chariot. Sur ces chariots sont montées articulées les extrémités de longerons que comporte ladite structure.According to Article 54 (3) EPC it is still known from the document WO 2007/057604 , a similar foldable structure. In this case, the upper element of the telescopic uprights comprises, over all or part of its length, guiding means constituted by a slide inside which slides a carriage. On these carriages are mounted articulated the ends of longitudinal members that comprises said structure.

L'inconvénient représenté par la masse d'une grande structure est encore amplifié par le développement en hauteur de celle-ci.The disadvantage represented by the mass of a large structure is further amplified by the development in height thereof.

L'invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients de l'état de la technique en proposant une structure pliable d'abri, apte à passer d'une position déployée à une position repliée, et inversement, comprenant des montants télescopiques comportant chacun au moins un élément inférieur coulissant par rapport à un élément supérieur solidaire de ladite structure, et qui supportent un ensemble de caissons prismatiques adjacents les uns aux autres, et dont les parois sont constituées par des croisillons de longerons articulés en ciseaux, lesdits montants comportant des moyens de déploiement ou de repliement desdits montants, incorporés dans lesdits montants télescopiques et ledit élément supérieur comprenant sur tout ou partie de sa longueur des moyens de guidage constitués par une glissière, conçue apte à coopérer avec des moyens de roulement constitués par un chariot qui coulisse à l'intérieur de cette dernière et sur lequel sont montées articulées les extrémités de longerons que comporte ladite structure, lesdits moyens de déploiement ou de repliement desdits montants étant constitués par des vérins à gaz.The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art by proposing a collapsible shelter structure capable of passing from an extended position to a folded position, and vice versa, comprising telescopic uprights each comprising at least a lower element sliding relative to an upper element secured to said structure, and which support a set of adjacent prismatic boxes to each other, and whose walls are constituted by crosspieces scissors articulated spars, said uprights comprising means for deployment or folding of said uprights, incorporated in said telescopic uprights and said upper member comprising all or part of its length guiding means constituted by a slide, designed adapted to cooperate with rolling means constituted by a carriage which slides inside the latter and on which are mounted articulated the ends of longitudinal members that comprises said structure, said deployment means or folding of said amounts being constituted by gas cylinders.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, ledit élément inférieur coulissant à l'intérieur dudit élément supérieurAccording to a characteristic of the invention, said lower element sliding inside said upper element

L'invention est ainsi conçue pour permettre sa mise en oeuvre aisée avec un effectif réduit, voire par une seule personne.The invention is thus designed to allow its easy implementation with a reduced staff, even by a single person.

Un avantage de la structure selon l'invention réside dans le fait qu'elle apporte, au-delà d'une emprise au sol de 24 m2, une alternative à l'utilisation de structures démontables.An advantage of the structure according to the invention lies in the fact that it provides, beyond a footprint of 24 m 2 , an alternative to the use of removable structures.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui va suivre des modes de réalisation non limitatifs de l'invention, en référence aux figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue schématique, de dessous en perspective d'une structure selon l'invention en position déployée;
  • la figure 2 représente, de façon schématique et en perspective, la structure selon l'invention, ainsi que son renforcement par des câbles tendeurs;
  • la figure 3 représente, de façon schématisée et en vue de dessous, une structure pliable déployée selon une symétrie par rapport à un plan;
  • la figure 4 représente, de façon schématique, des moyens de déploiement ou de repliement d'une structure selon l'invention;
  • la figure 5 représente, de façon schématisée et en élévation, d'autres moyens de renforcement de la rigidité de la structure selon l'invention représentée en position déployée;
  • la figure 6 représente, de façon schématique une structure selon la figure 5 ramenée à proximité du sol;
  • la figure 7 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un détail d'un montant et de l'articulation d'une structure selon l'invention;
  • la figure 8 représente, de façon schématisée et en perspective éclatée, des moyens de verrouillage/déverrouillage de la structure en position déployée ;
  • la figure 9 représente, de façon schématisée et en élévation, des moyens de renforcement de la rigidité de la structure selon l'invention;
  • la figure 10 représente, de façon schématisée et en élévation, un dispositif de recueil d'eaux pluviales à la jonction de plusieurs structures pliables ;
  • la figure 11 représente, de façon schématisée et en vue de dessus, le dispositif de recueil d'eaux pluviales à la jonction de plusieurs structures pliables de la figure 10 ;
  • la figure 12 représente, de façon schématisée et en coupe, une noix d'accrochage selon l'invention;
  • la figure 13 représente, de façon schématisée et en coupe, une traverse horizontale d'une structure selon l'invention;
  • la figure 14 représente, de façon schématisée partielle et en perspective, la jonction d'une traverse horizontale selon la figure 13 avec un montant;
  • la figure 15 représente, de façon schématisée, partielle et en perspective, la jonction de deux tronçons d'une traverse horizontale selon la figure 13 ;
  • la figure 16 représente, de façon schématisée et en coupe transversale au niveau de la zone de jonction de sa partie inférieure et de sa partie supérieure, un mode de réalisation particulier d'un montant d'une structure selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 17 représente, de façon schématisée, partielle et en élévation, l'extrémité d'une partie inférieure ou supérieure de la figure 16, au niveau de la zone de jonction
  • la figure 18 représente, de façon schématisée, partielle et en coupe longitudinale, un mode de réalisation particulier d'un montant d'une structure selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 19 représente, de façon schématisée, partielle et en perspective, une vue arrière de la figure 15.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments of the invention, with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic view from below in perspective of a structure according to the invention in the deployed position;
  • the figure 2 represents schematically and in perspective, the structure according to the invention, and its reinforcement by tensioning cables;
  • the figure 3 schematically shows in a view from below, a foldable structure deployed in a symmetry with respect to a plane;
  • the figure 4 schematically represents means for deploying or folding a structure according to the invention;
  • the figure 5 shows schematically and in elevation, other means of reinforcing the rigidity of the structure according to the invention shown in the deployed position;
  • the figure 6 schematically represents a structure according to the figure 5 brought close to the ground;
  • the figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of a detail of an amount and the articulation of a structure according to the invention;
  • the figure 8 schematically shows in exploded perspective, locking / unlocking means the structure in the deployed position;
  • the figure 9 represents schematically and in elevation means for reinforcing the rigidity of the structure according to the invention;
  • the figure 10 represents, schematically and in elevation, a device for collecting rainwater at the junction of several foldable structures;
  • the figure 11 represents schematically and in plan view, the device for collecting rainwater at the junction of several foldable structures of the figure 10 ;
  • the figure 12 represents, schematically and in section, a hooking nut according to the invention;
  • the figure 13 represents, schematically and in section, a horizontal cross member of a structure according to the invention;
  • the figure 14 represents, partially diagrammatically and in perspective, the junction of a horizontal cross member according to the figure 13 with an amount;
  • the figure 15 represents, schematically, partially and in perspective, the junction of two sections of a horizontal cross member according to the figure 13 ;
  • the figure 16 represents schematically and in cross section at the junction zone of its lower part and its upper part, a particular embodiment of an amount of a structure according to the invention;
  • the figure 17 represents, schematically, partially and in elevation, the end of a lower or upper part of the figure 16 at the junction area
  • the figure 18 represents, schematically, partially and in longitudinal section, a particular embodiment of an amount of a structure according to the invention;
  • the figure 19 represents, schematically, partially and in perspective, a rear view of the figure 15 .

La présente invention concerne une structure 1 pliable, apte à passer d'une position repliée de rangement ou transport à une position déployée, ou inversement, et destinée à former un abri 2 en position déployée. La position déployée est visible sur la figure 1.The present invention relates to a foldable structure 1, capable of passing from a folded storage or transport position to an extended position, or vice versa, and intended to form a shelter 2 in the deployed position. The deployed position is visible on the figure 1 .

Cet abri 2 comprend des moyens de couverture 3 solidaires de ladite structure 1 de manière se replier le long de cette dernière lors du repliement dudit abri 2. Ces moyens de couverture 3 peuvent se présenter avantageusement sous la forme d'une bâche à simple ou double courbure, constituée en composé plastique ou en tout autre matière. Cette bâche est mise sous tension latérale par le déploiement de la structure 1. De plus, un mât 4 central met en tension verticale ladite bâche. Ce mât peut avantageusement être monté sous la forme d'une came, de manière à monter ou descendre sous l'action de rotation d'une manivelle, non représentée. En tension, les moyens de couverture 3 forment un toit sensiblement pyramidal. Ce toit peut être couronné d'un chapeau 5 solidaire de l'extrémité supérieure dudit mât 4.This shelter 2 comprises cover means 3 secured to said structure 1 so as to fold along the latter during the folding of said shelter 2. These cover means 3 may advantageously be in the form of a single or double tarpaulin curvature, made of plastic compound or any other material. This sheet is put under lateral tension by the deployment of the structure 1. In addition, a central mast 4 vertical tension said tarpaulin. This mast can advantageously be mounted in the form of a cam, so as to rise or fall under the action of rotation of a crank, not shown. In tension, the cover means 3 form a substantially pyramidal roof. This roof may be crowned with a cap 5 secured to the upper end of said mast 4.

La structure 1 comprend des longerons 6 articulés entre eux de manière à former un maillage autorisant son pliage et son déploiement. Lesdits longerons 6 sont mobiles à la manière d'accordéons sur des articulations 30 de type ciseaux pour permettre leur écartement ou leur rapprochement, l'extension ou la contraction desdits longerons 6 s'effectuant transversalement dans un plan horizontal.The structure 1 comprises longitudinal members 6 articulated together so as to form a mesh allowing its folding and deployment. Said longitudinal members 6 are movable in the manner of accordions on scissors-type joints to allow their spacing or their approximation, the extension or contraction of said longitudinal members 6 being transversely in a horizontal plane.

Le squelette de la structure 1, constitué par les longerons 6, est conçu de façon à lui donner, par sa rigidité, une bonne résistance au vent. En effet, la résistance au vent constitue le plus grand obstacle à la confection d'abris de grandes dimensions, qu'ils soient dépliables ou non.The skeleton of the structure 1, consisting of the longitudinal members 6, is designed to give it, by its rigidity, good wind resistance. Indeed, wind resistance is the biggest obstacle to making large shelters, whether they are foldable or not.

A cet effet, le squelette de la structure est conçu sous forme d'un ensemble de caissons 20 adjacents les uns aux autres, et dont les parois sont constituées par de tels longerons 6 articulés en ciseaux.For this purpose, the skeleton of the structure is designed as a set of boxes 20 adjacent to each other, and whose walls are constituted by such rails 6 articulated scissors.

Tel que visible sur la figure 2, les longerons 6 constituent, assemblés et articulés par des articulations 30, des côtés 22, sensiblement plans, de ces caissons 20, ces derniers représentés en trait pointillé.As visible on the figure 2 , the longitudinal members 6 constitute, assembled and articulated by joints 30, substantially planar sides 22, of these boxes 20, these latter represented in dashed line.

Les longerons 6 définissent donc entre eux des caissons 20 déformables, juxtaposés l'un à l'autre, et se déformant nécessairement ensemble.The spars 6 thus define between them caissons 20 deformable, juxtaposed to one another, and necessarily deforming together.

De façon préférée et tel que visible sur la figure 1, et la figure 2, les longerons 6 de chaque côté 22 sont assemblés en croisillons 21, en forme de losanges complets au sein de la structure 1, et de demi-losanges en périphérie de cette dernière.In a preferred manner and as visible on the figure 1 , and the figure 2 , the longitudinal members 6 on each side 22 are assembled in braces 21, in the form of complete lozenges within the structure 1, and half-loops at the periphery of the latter.

La structure 1 comporte, de façon préférée, une symétrie de construction par rapport à au moins un plan vertical passant par son point le plus haut, correspondant à un mât 4.The structure 1 preferably comprises a symmetry of construction with respect to at least one vertical plane passing through its highest point, corresponding to a mast 4.

Dans des applications particulières, tel que visible sur la figure 1 ou la figure 3, dans le cas de plans en polygones à nombre pair de côtés, parallèles et égaux deux à deux, la structure 1 est symétrique par rapport à un axe vertical qui passe par son point le plus haut, coïncidant avec l'axe de son mât 4.In particular applications, as visible on the figure 1 or the figure 3 , in the case of polygon planes with an even number of sides, parallel and equal in pairs, the structure 1 is symmetrical with respect to a vertical axis passing through its highest point, coinciding with the axis of its mast 4 .

Dans le cas de structures de formes plus complexes, notamment rectangulaires, la structure 1 est symétrique par rapport à un plan de symétrie qui passe par plusieurs points hauts, d'altitude égale ou différente.In the case of structures of more complex shapes, in particular rectangular, the structure 1 is symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry that passes through several high points, of equal or different altitude.

Les longerons 6 sont agencés de façon à rester, au cours de leur manoeuvre, dans des plans parallèles à l'axe de symétrie s'il existe, ou parallèles à un axe vertical du plan de symétrie.The longitudinal members 6 are arranged so as to remain, during their operation, in planes parallel to the axis of symmetry if it exists, or parallel to a vertical axis of the plane of symmetry.

Dans une application préférée et dans le cas d'une structure à plan polygonal, chaque côté du polygone sert d'appui à un nombre impair de caissons 20. Ainsi, en particulier dans le cas d'une structure à axe de symétrie vertical, cet axe est, en partie centrale de la structure, encadré par au moins un caisson 20. Cette disposition permet notamment de concevoir des moyens de contreventement obliques, prenant appui sur ce caisson 20 situé à l'axe, pour renforcer le mât 4 passant par l'axe de symétrie.In a preferred application and in the case of a polygonal plane structure, each side of the polygon serves to support an odd number of boxes 20. Thus, particularly in the case of a vertical axis of symmetry structure, this axis is, in the central part of the structure, framed by at least one box 20. This arrangement allows in particular to design oblique bracing means, bearing on this box 20 located at the axis, to strengthen the mast 4 passing through the 'axis of symmetry.

En cas de grand vent, les efforts tangentiels à composante horizontale subis par la partie supérieure des moyens de couverture 3 sont repris par le mât 4. Une telle structure caissonnée et centrée autour du mât 4 permet d'opposer une bonne résistance aux efforts horizontaux. Elle permet, aussi, d'assurer un bon maintien en géométrie de la totalité de la structure d'abri 1.In the event of strong wind, the horizontal tangential forces experienced by the upper part of the means of 3 cover are taken up by the mast 4. Such a boxed structure and centered around the mast 4 to oppose a good resistance to horizontal forces. It also makes it possible to ensure a good maintenance in geometry of the whole of the shelter structure 1.

Le caisson 20 central, ainsi constitué est, selon le nombre de caissons 20 prenant appui sur chaque côté du polygone, inscrit dans des structures homothétiques de plus grande taille.The central box 20 thus constituted is, according to the number of boxes 20 bearing on each side of the polygon, inscribed in larger homothetic structures.

La structure 1 comporte des montants 8, chacun comportant des moyens d'assise télescopique 7 constitués d'au moins une partie inférieure 9 et d'une partie supérieure 10.The structure 1 comprises uprights 8, each comprising telescopic seating means 7 consisting of at least a lower portion 9 and an upper portion 10.

L'invention est encore conçue pour permettre sa mise en oeuvre aisée par un effectif très réduit, voire une seule personne, à l'aide d'un dispositif d'élévation, de montage, de descente, et de démontage de la structure 1.The invention is further designed to enable its easy implementation by a very small staff, or even a single person, using a device for lifting, mounting, descent, and dismantling of the structure 1.

A cet effet, les montants 8 sont avantageusement équipés, entre au moins deux éléments les constituant, notamment l'élément inférieur 9 et l'élément supérieur 10, de moyens de déploiement 40, tel que visible sur la figure 4.For this purpose, the uprights 8 are advantageously equipped, between at least two elements constituting them, in particular the lower element 9 and the upper element 10, deployment means 40, as visible on the figure 4 .

Ces moyens de déploiement 40 permettent aussi bien d'effectuer la manoeuvre de déploiement proprement dite de chaque montant 8, en écartant sa partie inférieure 9 et sa partie supérieure 10 et en aidant ainsi à soulever la structure 1, que la manoeuvre inverse de repliement, consistant à les rapprocher, au cours de laquelle les moyens de déploiement 40 empêchent la structure 1 de retomber, en la soutenant lors d'une descente contrôlée. Ces moyens de déploiement 40 peuvent notamment être constitués de vérins pneumatiques, hydrauliques, électromécaniques ou analogues.These deployment means 40 make it possible both to carry out the actual deployment maneuver of each upright 8, by spreading its lower part 9 and its upper part 10 and thereby helping to lift the structure 1, that the reverse folding maneuver, bringing them together, during which the deployment means 40 prevent the structure 1 from falling back, by supporting it during a controlled descent. These deployment means 40 may in particular be constituted by pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic, electromechanical or the like.

De façon préférée et nullement limitative, les moyens de déploiement 40 sont constitués d'un ou plusieurs vérins pneumatiques, dits vérins à gaz 41, légers et autonomes, se caractérisant par l'absence de servitude telle qu'une batterie ou similaire. Ils peuvent, encore, être constitués d'une mise en série de plusieurs petits vérins à gaz 41, de faible course, de façon à rester compatibles avec les faibles encombrements requis en position repliée. Des entretoises 42 permettent, si nécessaire, d'ajuster les courses de tel vérins 41.Preferably and in no way limiting, the deployment means 40 consist of one or more pneumatic cylinders, said gas cylinders 41, lightweight and autonomous, characterized by the absence of servitude such as a battery or the like. They can, again, consist of a series of several small gas cylinders 41, short stroke, so as to remain compatible with the small footprint required in the folded position. Spacers 42 make it possible, if necessary, to adjust the strokes of such cylinders 41.

Par exemple, en équipant de vérins à gaz 41 les quatre montants d'une structure d'abri 2 carrée de 5 mètres par 5 mètres, qui représente, munie de moyens de couverture 3 sous forme d'une bâche, une masse de l'ordre de 130 kg, on rend le montage possible pour une équipe très réduite, voire une personne seule, sans effort musculaire particulier. On évite, de surcroît, tout risque de coincement ou de chute lors de la manoeuvre.For example, by equipping with gas cylinders 41 the four uprights of a shelter structure 2 square of 5 meters by 5 meters, which represents, provided with covering means 3 in the form of a tarpaulin, a mass of the order of 130 kg, it makes the assembly possible for a very small team, even a single person, without particular muscular effort. In addition, any risk of jamming or falling during the maneuver is avoided.

De façon préférée, l'ensemble des guidages est du type plastique sur alliage d'aluminium, de façon à réduire au maximum les frottements.Preferably, all the guides are of the plastic type on aluminum alloy, so as to minimize friction.

Ces moyens de déploiement 40 permettent d'assurer, outre les fonctions de levage et de descente de la structure 1, la fonction d'anti-retour par maintien en position, et, ce qui est appréciable sur sol inégal, l'équilibrage entre les différents montants 8.These deployment means 40 make it possible to ensure, in addition to the lifting and lowering functions of the structure 1, the anti-return function by holding in position, and, which is appreciable on uneven ground, the balancing between the different amounts 8.

On notera encore que, par grand vent, il est possible de rapprocher du sol la structure déployée correspondant à la configuration de la figure 5, pour réduire la prise au vent, à l'aide des moyens de déploiement 40, tel que visible sur la figure 6.It will also be noted that, in high winds, it is possible to bring the deployed structure corresponding to the configuration of the figure 5 to reduce the wind gain, using the deployment means 40, as visible on the figure 6 .

Pour faciliter un éventuel transport lors d'intempéries de grande violence, la structure comporte encore avantageusement des moyens de déplacement au sol par glissement ou roulement.In order to facilitate possible transport during severe weather conditions, the structure advantageously still comprises means for moving the ground by sliding or rolling.

L'utilisation de moyens de déploiement 40 rend, encore, possible la conception de structures d'abris comportant des montants 8 composés chacun, outre, d'un élément inférieur 9 et d'un élément supérieur 10, d'éléments intermédiaires.The use of deployment means 40 makes it still possible to design shelter structures comprising uprights 8 each composed, in addition to a lower element 9 and an upper element 10, of intermediate elements.

De ce fait il est possible de constituer des abris dont les montants 8 sont de grande hauteur.Therefore it is possible to build shelters whose uprights 8 are of great height.

Pour des structures de très grande taille, un ou plusieurs moyens secondaires de déploiement 25, tel que visible sur la figure 2, sont positionnés à l'intérieur des croisillons 21 articulés que forment, ensemble, sur le côté des caissons 20 constituant la structure, les différents longerons 6.For structures of very large size, one or more secondary means of deployment 25, as visible on the figure 2 , are positioned inside the articulated braces 21 that form, together, on the side of the boxes 20 constituting the structure, the different longitudinal members 6.

Ceux-ci définissent un ensemble de losanges ou de demi-losanges. L'aide au déploiement se fait, soit en implantant des moyens secondaires de déploiement 25 au niveau des diagonales des losanges dont la longueur va augmenter pendant le déploiement, soit en les implantant au niveau des diagonales dont la longueur va diminuer pendant le déploiement.These define a set of lozenges or half-lozenges. Deployment assistance is done either by implanting secondary means of deployment 25 at the level of the diagonals of the lozenges whose length will increase during deployment, or by implanting them at the level of diagonals whose length will decrease during deployment.

Cette dernière configuration est préférée dans l'exemple de la figure 1, et tel que visible sur la figure 2, puisque dans ce cas ces moyens secondaires de déploiement 25 sont parallèles aux montants 8, ce qui rend leur implantation beaucoup plus facile dans une structure repliable.This last configuration is preferred in the example of the figure 1 , and as visible on the figure 2 , since in this case these secondary deployment means 25 are parallel to the uprights 8, which makes their implementation much easier in a collapsible structure.

Ces moyens secondaires de déploiement 25 ont encore pour fonction le renforcement de la structure face à des efforts verticaux, tels que la charge constituée par de la neige sur les moyens de couverture 3. Ils maintiennent l'espacement diagonal, et permettent de limiter la déformation de la structure 1 sous la charge. Avantageusement, les moyens secondaires de déploiement 25 sont réalisés de façon analogue aux moyens de déploiement 40, et préférentiellement par des vérins à gaz.These secondary means of deployment 25 also have the function of reinforcing the structure against vertical forces, such as the load formed by snow on the cover means 3. They maintain the diagonal spacing, and can limit the deformation of structure 1 under the load. Advantageously, the secondary deployment means 25 are made in a similar manner to the deployment means 40, and preferably by gas cylinders.

Les structures pliables 1 selon l'invention comportent, avantageusement, des premiers moyens de verrouillage/ déverrouillage 80 en position repliée, associés à des premiers moyens complémentaires 81.The foldable structures 1 according to the invention advantageously comprise first locking / unlocking means 80 in the folded position, associated with first complementary means 81.

Au niveau des montants 8 de la structure l'élément supérieur 10 comprend, dans un mode de réalisation préféré, sur tout ou partie de sa longueur, des moyens de guidage, tels une glissière 13, conçus aptes à coopérer avec des moyens de roulement solidaires et articulés à la structure 1.At the level of the uprights 8 of the structure, the upper element 10 comprises, in a preferred embodiment, over all or part of its length, guiding means, such as a slideway 13, designed to cooperate with integral rolling means. and articulated to the structure 1.

Ces moyens de roulement comprennent un chariot 12 qui coulisse à l'intérieur de la glissière 13. Ce chariot 12 supporte les longerons 6 adjacents à ce montant 8 et articulés, au niveau de leurs extrémités, à ce dernier pour le déploiement de la structure 1.These rolling means comprise a carriage 12 which slides inside the slide 13. This carriage 12 supports the longitudinal members 6 adjacent to this upright 8 and articulated, at their ends, to the latter for the deployment of the structure 1 .

La glissière 13 est encore conçue pour pouvoir servir de support à des servitudes de transport de fluides, d'énergie, de moyens de communication, sous forme de kits emboîtables et comportant des moyens de blocage dans la glissière 13.The slideway 13 is still designed to be used as support for servitudes transporting fluids, energy, communication means, in the form of interlocking kits and having locking means in the slideway 13.

En particulier, des moyens de raccordement à des moyens d'alimentation en énergie ou/et à des moyens de communication peuvent être conçus sous forme de blocs de prises électriques, optiques, ou autre, avantageusement intégrés dans les montants 8.In particular, connection means to power supply means and / or to communication means may be designed in the form of blocks of electrical, optical or other receptacles advantageously integrated in the uprights 8.

Tel que visible sur la figure 7, les premiers moyens de verrouillage/déverrouillage 80 sont constitués, dans une application préférée, par un doigt 82 que comporte un chariot 12 qui coulisse à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur d'un montant 8.As visible on the figure 7 , the first locking / unlocking means 80 are constituted, in a preferred application, by a finger 82 which comprises a carriage 12 which slides inside or outside a post 8.

Les moyens complémentaires 81 sont alors constitués par un logement 83 ménagé dans ce même montant 8 et conçu apte à recevoir ce doigt 82. Le doigt 82 est équipé de moyens de rappel élastique, tels qu'un ressort 86, tendant à pousser ledit doigt 82 en position de verrouillage dans ledit logement 83, des moyens de préhension 88 tels qu'un bouton permettent de libérer le doigt 82 du logement 83, pour la manoeuvre de déverrouillage.The complementary means 81 are then constituted by a housing 83 formed in the same upright 8 and designed to receive the finger 82. The finger 82 is equipped with elastic return means, such as a spring 86, tending to push said finger 82 in the locking position in said housing 83, gripping means 88 such as a button to release the finger 82 of the housing 83, for the unlocking operation.

Evidemment, la configuration inverse est parfaitement imaginable. Les moyens 80 et 81 peuvent, encore, consister en un crochet coopérant avec un arrêt tel qu'un pion ou un axe, ou réciproquement.Obviously, the opposite configuration is perfectly imaginable. The means 80 and 81 may, again, consist of a hook cooperating with a stop such as a pin or an axis, or vice versa.

Les structures pliables selon l'invention comportent, avantageusement, des seconds moyens de verrouillage ou déverrouillage 90 en position dépliée, associés à des seconds moyens complémentaires 91. Leur configuration peut être analogue aux moyens 80 et 81 décrits ci-dessus. Le déploiement complet de la structure correspond à l'atteinte, par le chariot 12 coulissant dans ou sur le montant 8, de sa position la plus éloignée du sol. Pour faciliter la manoeuvre de verrouillage ou de déverrouillage sans nécessiter le recours de l'opérateur à des moyens tels qu'escabeau, échelle ou similaire, un mode de réalisation préféré, tel que visible sur la figure 8, consiste en des moyens de verrouillage/déverrouillage 90 sous forme d'une poignée 92. Cette poignée 92 est articulée sur un axe 94 en position médiane qui est monté solidaire du montant 8, elle comporte à un première extrémité 95 un crochet 96 qui est conçu apte à coopérer avec des moyens complémentaires 91 tels qu'un tourillon ou un axe que comporte le chariot 12, par exemple au niveau d'une chape 93. Des moyens de rappel élastique 99, tels qu'un ressort, tendent à faire coopérer le crochet 96 avec l'axe 91. La poignée 92 comporte à une deuxième extrémité 97 un manche de manoeuvre 98 dont l'action permet d'annuler l'action des moyens de rappel 99, et de libérer le crochet 96 de l'axe 91.Foldable structures according to the invention advantageously comprise second locking or unlocking means 90 in unfolded position, associated with second complementary means 91. Their configuration may be similar to the means 80 and 81 described above. The complete deployment of the structure corresponds to the attainment, by the carriage 12 sliding in or on the upright 8, of its furthest position from the ground. To facilitate the locking or unlocking operation without requiring the operator to resort to such means as ladder, ladder or the like, a preferred embodiment, as visible on the figure 8 , consists of locking / unlocking means 90 in the form of a handle 92. This handle 92 is articulated on a shaft 94 in the middle position which is mounted integral with the amount 8, it has at a first end 95 a hook 96 which is designed adapted to cooperate with complementary means 91 such as a pin or an axis that includes the carriage 12, for example at a yoke 93. Elastic return means 99 , such as a spring, tend to cooperate the hook 96 with the axis 91. The handle 92 comprises at a second end 97 an operating handle 98 whose action allows to cancel the action of the return means 99 , and to release the hook 96 from the axis 91.

D'autres moyens optionnels de blocage sont, avantageusement, tel que visible sur la figure 5, constitués par un ou plusieurs câbles tendeurs 45 reliant entre eux au moins deux montants 8, par la partie supérieure de la structure déployée, par l'intermédiaire de poulies ou d'axes de guidage ou analogue, et conçus aptes à être tendus, une fois la structure 1 entièrement déployée, par exemple à l'aide d'une poignée à excentrique ou similaire.Other optional locking means are, advantageously, as visible on the figure 5 , constituted by one or more tensioning cables 45 interconnecting at least two uprights 8, by the upper part of the deployed structure, by means of pulleys or guide pins or the like, and designed to be taut, a Once the structure 1 fully deployed, for example using an eccentric handle or the like.

Dans une application préférée, le cheminement de tels câbles tendeurs 45 se fait à l'intérieur des composants de la structure 1, en particulier des longerons 6 et des parties supérieures 10 des montants 8. Ces derniers sont, avantageusement, équipés de moyens de guidage et de renvoi desdits câbles tendeurs 45.In a preferred application, the path of such tensioning cables 45 is inside the components of the structure 1, in particular the longitudinal members 6 and the upper portions 10 of the uprights 8. The latter are advantageously equipped with guide means and returning said tensioning cables 45.

Tel que visible sur la figure 2, d'autres câbles tendeurs 23 sont, encore, avantageusement utilisés pour renforcer la structure 1, en venant compléter les côtés 22 des caissons 20 qui composent la structure 1: ces côtés 22 de caissons sont formés par les croisillons 21, sous forme de losanges ou de demi-losanges juxtaposés. Les câbles tendeurs 23 sont alors utilisés pour compléter la structure virtuelle des côtés 22 des caissons 20, sous forme de droites sensiblement parallèles au sol, au niveau des articulations 30, du niveau le plus élevé 23A, ou/et le plus bas 23B, de ces côtés 22 de caissons 20.As visible on the figure 2 , other tensioning cables 23 are, again, advantageously used to reinforce the structure 1, completing the sides 22 of the boxes 20 that make up the structure 1: these sides 22 of boxes are formed by the braces 21, in the form of rhombs or semi-lozenges juxtaposed. The tensioning cables 23 are then used to complete the virtual structure of the sides 22 of the caissons 20, in the form of straight lines substantially parallel to the ground, at the joints 30, the highest level 23A, or / and the lowest 23B, of these sides 22 of boxes 20.

Pour parfaire la géométrie de la structure 1 déployée, surtout dans des régions soumises à des vents intenses, des embases 11, ou/et les parties inférieures 9 des montants 8, sont avantageusement agencées pour recevoir la fixation de tirants 70, notamment télescopiques, qui assurent un raidissage complémentaire, ainsi qu'un parfait parallélisme des montants 8, tel que visible sur la figure 5.To perfect the geometry of the deployed structure 1, especially in regions subjected to intense winds, bases 11, and / or the lower portions 9 of the uprights 8, are advantageously arranged to receive tie rods 70, including telescopic, which provide a complementary stiffening, and a perfect parallelism of the uprights 8, as visible on the figure 5 .

On comprendra que ces tirants 70 sont conçus pour travailler aussi bien en traction, qu'au flambage en compression. Ces tirants 70 améliorent ainsi la résistance de la structure aux conditions de fortes intempéries, chutes de neige importantes, ou vents violents parallèles au sol.It will be understood that these tie rods 70 are designed to work both in tension and compression buckling. These tie rods 70 and improve the strength of the structure in severe weather conditions, heavy snowfall, or strong winds parallel to the ground.

Ces tirants 70, disposés préférentiellement près du sol, peuvent notamment être équipés de moyens de réception de rideaux ou de cloisons tels que des crochets inférieurs ou des tendeurs, ou encore être équipés de seuils.These tie rods 70, preferably arranged near the ground, can in particular be equipped with means for receiving curtains or partitions such as lower hooks or tensioners, or be equipped with thresholds.

Ce dernier équipement est particulièrement intéressant quand l'abri est destiné à être muni d'un plancher, que les tirants 70 délimitent et immobilisent à la fois.This last equipment is particularly interesting when the shelter is intended to be provided with a floor, that tie rods 70 delimit and immobilize at a time.

Dans le cas d'édification de structures complexes résultant de la juxtaposition de plusieurs abris selon l'invention, la solidarisation est faite facilement par des éléments de fixation tels que des manilles dans les parties hautes, et tels que des goupilles bêta au niveau des embases 11 au sol.In the case of building complex structures resulting from the juxtaposition of several shelters according to the invention, the fastening is easily made by fastening elements such as shackles in the upper parts, and such as beta pins at the bases 11 on the ground.

Dans une exécution simplifiée, tel que visible sur la figure 9, des moyens de blocage sont constitués sous la forme d'au moins un longeron-crochet 100, qui est articulé autour d'une articulation supérieure 101 d'au moins un croisillon 21 articulé.In a simplified execution, as visible on the figure 9 , locking means are constituted in the form of at least one hook spar 100, which is articulated around an upper hinge 101 of at least one articulated cross 21.

Ce longeron-crochet 100 est muni à sa partie inférieure d'un crochet 103 conçu apte à coopérer avec un tourillon 104, ou analogue, que comporte une articulation inférieure 102 située à la verticale de ladite articulation supérieure 101.This spar-hook 100 is provided at its lower part with a hook 103 designed capable of cooperating with a pin 104, or the like, which comprises a lower hinge 102 located vertically of said upper hinge 101.

Le longeron-crochet 100 reste, sous l'effet de la gravité, sensiblement parallèle aux montants 8 pendant le déploiement de la structure et l'élévation des articulations inférieures 102.The spar-hook 100 remains, under the effect of gravity, substantially parallel to the uprights 8 during the deployment of the structure and the elevation of the lower joints 102.

Ce crochet 103 ou ce tourillon 104 comporte de préférence des moyens d'immobilisation en position relative de l'un par rapport à l'autre, soit par déformation, ou par des moyens de rappel élastique tels qu'un ressort, ou encore par un moyen annexe de maintien en position.This hook 103 or this journal 104 preferably comprises immobilization means in the relative position of one with respect to the other, either by deformation, or by means of resilient return such as a spring, or by a means for holding in position.

Ces longerons-crochets 100 permettent ainsi, de façon simple et efficace, de renforcer la rigidité de la structure, par simple enclenchement des crochets 103 avec les tourillons 104, en particulier lors de constat de conditions météorologiques sévères. Ils maintiennent alors l'espacement diagonal, et permettent de limiter la déformation de la structure sous la charge.These longitudinal hooks 100 thus make it possible, in a simple and effective manner, to reinforce the rigidity of the structure, by simply engaging the hooks 103 with the journals 104, in particular when severe weather conditions are observed. They then maintain the diagonal spacing, and allow to limit the deformation of the structure under the load.

Pour contribuer au renforcement de la structure pliable 1, et pour rendre possible l'équipement d'un abri dans de bonnes conditions de sécurité, il a été conçu, tel que visible sur la figure 12, une noix 60, destinée à être fixée en périphérie de la structure déployée, sur l'extrémité de chaque longeron 6 portant la bâche 3 au niveau d'une attache ou d'une vis de préhension.To contribute to the strengthening of the foldable structure 1, and to make possible the equipment of a shelter in good conditions of safety, it was designed, as visible on the figure 12 , a nut 60, intended to be fixed at the periphery of the deployed structure, on the end of each spar 6 carrying the sheet 3 at a fastener or a gripping screw.

Cette noix 60, qui peut avantageusement comporter un verrou rabattable, possède une partie inférieure de forme conçue apte, par exemple sous forme de crochet ,pour la réception et l'accrochage d'au moins une traverse horizontale 61. Cette traverse horizontale 61 est suspendue, elle comporte elle-même, de façon préférée, une fente 62 en partie inférieure au niveau d'un chemin de roulement pour des attaches de rideau à galet, ou similaire.This nut 60, which may advantageously comprise a folding latch, has a bottom portion of designed shape adapted, for example in the form of a hook, for the reception and attachment of at least one horizontal cross member 61. This horizontal cross member 61 is suspended it itself preferably comprises a lower slot 62 at a raceway for roller curtain clips, or the like.

Dans une variante préférée, des traverses horizontales 61 sont conçues aptes à être accrochées, après le déploiement de la structure pliable 1, au niveau des parties supérieures 10 des montants 8, notamment en coopération avec un ou plusieurs logements 131 que comportent ces parties supérieures 10. Une telle traverse horizontale 61 est de préférence articulée pour présenter un encombrement réduit à l'état replié, compatible avec celui de la structure pliable 1 elle-même. Elle comporte alors au moins une charnière 601 faisant aussi fonction de butée d'extension à l'état déplié, tel que visible sur la figure 19. La traverse horizontale 61 comporte notamment au moins une rainure et une chambre pour la réception de bâches latérales destinées à constituer des cloisons de la structure pliable 1, et de leurs roulettes de suspension.In a preferred variant, horizontal crosspieces 61 are designed to be hooked, after deployment of the foldable structure 1, at the upper portions 10 of the uprights 8, in particular in cooperation with one or more housings 131 that comprise these upper parts 10 Such a horizontal cross member 61 is preferably articulated to have a reduced size in the folded state, compatible with that of the foldable structure 1 itself. It then comprises at least one hinge 601 also acting as expansion stop in the unfolded state, as visible on the figure 19 . The horizontal cross member 61 comprises in particular at least one groove and a chamber for the reception of lateral tarpaulins intended to constitute partitions of the foldable structure 1, and their suspension wheels.

Dans une version particulière de l'invention, la structure 1 est conçue pour résister à de fortes contraintes météorologiques, par exemple en bord de mer ou en montagne.In a particular version of the invention, the structure 1 is designed to withstand severe weather constraints, for example at the seaside or in the mountains.

L'utilisation des traverses horizontales 61 est alors tout à fait appropriée pour rigidifier la structure.The use of horizontal crosspieces 61 is then entirely appropriate to stiffen the structure.

Pour augmenter encore la rigidité, la structure 1 incorpore au moins un renfort 130, conçu apte à coopérer avec la partie supérieure 10 du montant 8, et la traverse horizontale 61 adjacente, pour rigidifier leur liaison, une fois la structure 1 déployée, les traverses horizontales 61 montées, et après l'immobilisation dudit renfort 130 par des moyens de blocage 133.To further increase the rigidity, the structure 1 incorporates at least one reinforcement 130, designed capable of cooperating with the upper portion 10 of the upright 8, and the horizontal crossbar 61 adjacent, to stiffen their connection, once the structure 1 deployed, the sleepers horizontal mounted 61, and after the immobilization of said reinforcement 130 by locking means 133.

Tel que visible sur la figure 14, la partie supérieure 10 du montant 8 comporte alors un logement 131 conçu apte à recevoir le renfort 130 par coulissement. Ce renfort est en effet enfermé dans une traverse horizontale 61, au niveau d'un logement 132 qu'elle comporte. Le renfort 130 est manoeuvré manuellement, à la façon d'un pêne, par des moyens de manoeuvre, qui, de façon préférée, constituent aussi des moyens de blocage 133. Dans l'exemple de réalisation visible sur les figures, le renfort 130 comporte un doigt 137 saillant au niveau d'une rainure 136 ménagée dans la traverse horizontale 61. Ce doigt 137 sert d'appui à l'axe 135 d'un levier excentrique 134, utilisé pour le déblocage, la manoeuvre en translation, et le blocage du renfort 130 par rapport à la traverse horizontale 61. Avantageusement, chaque montant 8 comporte deux logements 131 pour coopérer avec deux traverses horizontales 61 adjacentes.As visible on the figure 14 , the upper portion 10 of the upright 8 then comprises a housing 131 designed adapted to receive the reinforcement 130 by sliding. This reinforcement is indeed enclosed in a horizontal cross member 61, at a housing 132 that it comprises. The reinforcement 130 is manually operated, in the manner of a bolt, by operating means, which, preferably, also constitute locking means 133. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the reinforcement 130 comprises a finger 137 protruding at a groove 136 formed in the horizontal crosspiece 61. This finger 137 serves as a support for the axis 135 of an eccentric lever 134, used for unlocking, the translational maneuver, and the blocking reinforcement 130 relative to the horizontal crossbar 61. Advantageously, each upright 8 comprises two housings 131 to cooperate with two horizontal crosspieces 61 adjacent.

De façon analogue, la structure 1 incorpore préférentiellement au moins un renfort 130, conçu apte à coopérer avec deux tronçons adjacents 602 et 603 d'une traverse horizontale 61, pour rigidifier leur liaison, une fois cette traverse 61 dépliée et en appui sur sa charnière 601, et après l'immobilisation dudit renfort 130 par des moyens de blocage 133. Le même type de renfort 130 est utilisable, tel que visible sur la figure 15, pour renforcer la jonction des deux tronçons adjacents 602 et 603 d'une traverse horizontale 61 après déploiement complet de cette dernière. Le renfort 130 coulisse dans les logements 132 des deux tronçons 602 et 603 adjacents, et les solidarise par l'intérieur. Le renfort 130 est immobilisé par des moyens de blocage 133 du type précédent. De façon préférée, toutes les liaisons entre tronçons 602 et 603 comportent un tel renfort 130.In a similar way, the structure 1 preferably incorporates at least one reinforcement 130, designed capable of cooperating with two adjacent sections 602 and 603 of a horizontal cross member 61, to stiffen their connection, once the crosspiece 61 unfolded and resting on its hinge 601, and after immobilization of said reinforcement 130 by blocking means 133. The same type of reinforcement 130 can be used, as visible on the figure 15 , to strengthen the junction of the two adjacent sections 602 and 603 of a horizontal cross member 61 after complete deployment of the latter. The reinforcement 130 slides in the housing 132 of the two adjacent sections 602 and 603, and secures them from the inside. The reinforcement 130 is immobilized by locking means 133 of the above type. Preferably, all the links between sections 602 and 603 comprise such a reinforcement 130.

Dans une version préférée, les croisillons 21 de la structure pliable 1 comportent de telles noix 60 pour la tenue des moyens de couverture 3, notamment sous forme d'une bâche, et pour l'accrochage d'une traverse horizontale 61. Dans ce dernier cas, la noix 60 comporte avantageusement un bras conçu apte à porter les moyens de couverture 3, et à les maintenir suffisamment éloignés des organes mécaniques pendant les manoeuvres de déploiement et de pliage, pour éviter tout coincement.In a preferred version, the braces 21 of the foldable structure 1 comprise such nuts 60 for the holding of the covering means 3, in particular in the form of a tarpaulin, and for the attachment of a horizontal cross member 61. In the latter In this case, the nut 60 advantageously comprises an arm designed to carry the covering means 3, and to keep them sufficiently far away from the mechanical members during the deployment and folding maneuvers, to avoid any jamming.

Les structures pliables selon l'invention devant être déployées sur tout type de terrain, notamment accidenté, il est important de pouvoir régler sa position par rapport au sol.Foldable structures according to the invention to be deployed on any type of terrain, including rugged, it is important to be able to adjust its position relative to the ground.

A cet effet, la noix 60 qui est montée solidaire de la structure pliable 1 est également montée solidaire, selon une liaison pivotante, avec une pièce de jonction 140.For this purpose, the nut 60 which is integral with the foldable structure 1 is also integral, in a pivotal connection, with a connecting piece 140.

Cette pièce de jonction 140 est conçue apte à renforcer par l'extérieur la jonction des deux tronçons 602, 603 d'une traverse horizontale 61 adjacents entre eux, sur l'extérieur desquels elle est conçue apte à être immobilisée par des moyens d'immobilisation 141 rapides, tels des écrous quart de tour ou similaires. La pièce de jonction 140 a de préférence un profil en forme de U, qui chevauche les tronçons 602 et 603 adjacents.This junction piece 140 is designed to externally strengthen the junction of the two sections 602, 603 of a horizontal cross member 61 adjacent to each other, on the outside of which it is designed capable of being immobilized by means of immobilization 141 fast, such as quarter turn nuts or the like. The junction piece 140 preferably has a U-shaped profile, which overlaps the adjacent sections 602 and 603.

Selon le cas, la pièce de jonction 140 peut être laissée à demeure sur la structure pliable 1, ou bien montée sur la noix 60 après le déploiement de la structure 1.Depending on the case, the connecting piece 140 can be left permanently on the foldable structure 1, or mounted on the nut 60 after the deployment of the structure 1.

La liaison pivotante entre la noix 60 et la pièce de jonction 140 se fait au niveau d'un pivot 142 que comporte cette dernière. On comprend qu'il est alors facile, lors du montage ultérieur de la traverse horizontale 61 correspondante, de régler à volonté la position angulaire de celle-ci, dans la mesure où les logements 131 des partie supérieures 10 des montants 8 sont conçus pour autoriser un débattement permettant ce réglage avant immobilisation.The pivoting connection between the nut 60 and the connecting piece 140 is at a pivot 142 that comprises the latter. We understand that it is easy, during assembly subsequent to the corresponding horizontal cross member 61, to adjust at will the angular position thereof, insofar as the housing 131 of the upper portion 10 of the uprights 8 are designed to allow a clearance allowing this adjustment before immobilization.

Ce dispositif de noix 60 recevant une traverse horizontale 61 est, encore, utilisable pour créer des séparations à mi-hauteur, du type « barre à l'américaine », en périphérie de l'abri, ou encore pour cloisonner ce dernier.This walnut device 60 receiving a horizontal cross member 61 is also used to create half-height separations, of the "American-style bar" type, at the periphery of the shelter, or to partition the latter.

Les moyens de couverture ou bâches 3 des structures adjacentes dans une telle composition d'abris sont reliées, à leur périphérie, par des moyens d'écoulement tels qu'un chéneau conique 50, préférentiellement accroché aux bâches 3 des abris respectifs par des attaches en velours-crochet, tel que visible sur la figure 10. Tel que visible sur la figure 11, ce chéneau conique 50 permet d'évacuer les eaux pluviales vers un moyen de recueil 51, qui peut être situé au point de confluence de plusieurs abris adjacents, avant évacuation par un tuyau de descente souple ou rigide sous le niveau du plancher ou du sol.The cover means or covers 3 of the adjacent structures in such a shelter composition are connected, at their periphery, by flow means such as a conical gutter 50, preferably attached to the tarpaulins 3 of the respective shelters by means of fasteners. velvet-hook, as visible on the figure 10 . As visible on the figure 11 this tapered gutter 50 discharges the rainwater to a collection means 51, which may be located at the confluence point of several adjacent shelters, before evacuation by a flexible or rigid downcomer below the level of the floor or the ground .

De façon préférée, l'agencement des montants 8 et des embases 11 est conçu pour permettre la juxtaposition en carré de quatre montants 8 de quatre abris différents, et de constituer entre eux un canal apte à recevoir le moyen de recueil 51 en partie supérieure, et le tuyau de descente en-dessous.Preferably, the arrangement of the uprights 8 and the bases 11 is designed to allow the square juxtaposition of four uprights 8 of four different shelters, and to constitute between them a channel adapted to receive the collection means 51 in the upper part, and the downspout below.

De façon générale, il est connu que les intempéries posent de nombreux problèmes d'exploitation pour les abris à bâche souple, tant par la prise au vent que par l'accumulation d'eaux pluviales au niveau de poches d'eau, constituées en bordure du cadre périphérique d'accrochage de la bâche.In general, it is known that bad weather poses many operating problems for shelters with flexible tarpaulin, both by taking wind and by the accumulation of rainwater in water pockets, formed at the edge the peripheral frame attachment of the tarpaulin.

Ceci est généralement préjudiciable à l'accrochage d'accessoires dans de bonnes conditions de conservation, voire de sécurité dans le cas d'accessoires électriques.This is generally detrimental to the attachment of accessories in good conditions of conservation, or even safety in the case of electrical accessories.

Avantageusement, la traverse horizontale 61 comporte encore un compartiment étanche 63 conçu apte à recevoir des circuits électriques ou analogue.Advantageously, the horizontal cross member 61 further comprises a sealed compartment 63 designed to receive electrical circuits or the like.

A ce propos, l'alimentation électrique d'un abri selon l'invention est, de façon particulièrement avantageuse, assurée par des cellules photo-voltaïques au niveau des moyens de couverture 3 ou de bandeaux en périphérie de ces derniers, ou encore par des batteries.In this regard, the power supply of a shelter according to the invention is particularly advantageously provided by photo-voltaic cells at the cover means 3 or strips on the periphery of the latter, or by batteries.

Une telle disposition avec des accessoires suspendus évite ainsi de recréer un seuil à poche d'eau.Such an arrangement with suspended accessories thus avoids recreating a water pocket threshold.

Le maintien de la bâche 3 au niveau des angles peut, avantageusement être fait à l'aide d'une manille mécanique pour l'accrochage du haubannage.Maintaining the sheet 3 at the angles can advantageously be done with a mechanical shackle for hooking the guying.

Au niveau du sol, des embases 11 sont préférentiellement équipées d'orifices pour recevoir des piquets, dans le cas d'implantation de la structure d'abri sur un sol meuble.At ground level, bases 11 are preferably equipped with orifices for receiving stakes, in the case of implantation of the shelter structure on soft ground.

Le mât 4 peut adopter différentes configurations, plein ou percé, et notamment pour recevoir ou constituer un paratonnerre. Dans une application particulière, il est encore conçu apte à recevoir un anémomètre, de façon à évaluer la pression dynamique de base due au vent.The mast 4 can adopt different configurations, solid or pierced, and in particular to receive or constitute a lightning rod. In a particular application, it is still designed capable of receiving an anemometer, so as to evaluate the basic dynamic pressure due to the wind.

Ainsi, la structure 1 selon l'invention est, de façon préférée, munie de différents capteurs de grandeurs physiques, en particulier, au niveau des longerons 6 et/ou des articulations 30, de jauges de contraintes permettant d'évaluer la surcharge due à la neige.Thus, the structure 1 according to the invention is, preferably, provided with different sensors of physical quantities, in particular, at the level of the longitudinal members 6 and / or joints 30, strain gages for evaluating the overload due to the snow.

L'implantation d'une unité de traitement permet le recueil des valeurs de ces grandeurs physiques, leur comparaison à des consignes, et le déclenchement de signaux, par exemple pour déclencher une alarme d'évacuation si les conditions météorologiques obligent l'exploitant de la structure à en déclencher l'évacuation, selon des normes nationales, si la pression dynamique de base et la surcharge de neige sont supérieures à des seuils définis par la réglementation.The implementation of a processing unit allows the collection of the values of these physical quantities, their comparison with instructions, and the triggering of signals, for example to trigger an evacuation alarm if the weather conditions force the operator of the the structure to trigger the evacuation, according to national standards, if the basic dynamic pressure and the snow load are above thresholds defined by the regulations.

Pour améliorer la visibilité, et en particulier lors d'intempéries, de la structure 1, celle-ci, dans une réalisation préférée, comporte au niveau d'au moins un montant 8, des moyens de réception 108 pour des moyens de signalisation 109, notamment sous la forme d'une feuillure 110 pour recevoir une guirlande 120 lumineuse ou rangée de « LED » ou analogue constituant ces moyens de signalisation 109.To improve the visibility, and in particular during bad weather, of the structure 1, the latter, in a preferred embodiment, comprises at the level of at least one upright 8, receiving means 108 for signaling means 109, in particular in the form of a rabbet 110 to receive a string light 120 or row of "LED" or the like constituting these signaling means 109.

De façon préférée, et tel que visible sur la figure 16, la partie inférieure 9 et la partie supérieure 10 de chaque montant 8 comportent chacune une telle feuillure 110, sous la forme préférentielle d'une gorge, respectivement 111 et 112, conçue apte à recevoir, soit une guirlande unique 120, soit des guirlandes 121 et 122 respectivement dans les gorges 111 et 112. Préférentiellement, le profil de cette gorge 111 ou 112 est circulaire, de façon à recevoir une guirlande 120 ou 121 ou 122 de section ronde, la gorge est sécante avec le profil extérieur du profilé concerné, de façon à rendre visible, les moyens de signalisation 109, sur au moins une partie de leur périphérie.Preferably, and as visible on the figure 16 , the lower part 9 and the upper part 10 of each upright 8 each comprise such a rabbet 110, in the preferred form of a groove, respectively 111 and 112, designed to receive either a single garland 120 or garlands 121 and 122 respectively in the grooves 111 and 112. Preferably, the profile of this groove 111 or 112 is circular, so as to receive a garland 120 or 121 or 122 of round section, the groove is secant with the outer profile of the profile concerned, in order to make the signaling means 109 visible on at least part of their periphery.

Tel qu visible sur la figure 18, les guirlandes 121 et 122 sont avantageusement conçues aptes à coopérer, quand la partie inférieure 9 et la partie supérieure 10 du montant 8 sont complètement écartées, au niveau d'une jonction permettant leur continuité électrique.As visible on the figure 18 , The garlands 121 and 122 are advantageously designed capable of cooperating, when the lower portion 9 and the upper portion 10 of the upright 8 are completely spaced apart, at a junction allowing their electrical continuity.

La feuillure 110 est encore conçue apte à recevoir un passepoil 115 que comporte une bâche, un rideau, ou tout autre moyen d'occultation latéral 116 de la structure pliable. Ces gorges 111 et 112 sont alignées. Tel que visible sur la figure 17, la gorge 111 de la partie inférieure 9 comporte de préférence, à au moins son extrémité supérieure, une lumière 113 permettant d'enfiler frontalement le passepoil à l'intérieur du profilé. La gorge 112 de la partie supérieure 10 comporte, à au moins son extrémité inférieure, une lumière 114 analogue à la lumière 113. Des lumières similaires peuvent, aussi, être ménagées aux autres extrémités de la partie inférieure 9 ou supérieure 10 d'un montant 8. Ainsi, il est très facile de positionner et de fixer un tel moyen d'occultation latérale 116 aux montants 8 de la structure pliable 1. Un tel moyen d'occultation latérale 116 peut, encore, avantageusement être fixé aux moyens de couverture 3, notamment au niveau d'un bandeau horizontal, par des moyens d'accrochage conçus aptes à coopérer avec des moyens d'accrochage complémentaire, tels que velours-crochet ou similaire. La structure ainsi équipée présente alors une très bonne étanchéité aux intempéries, et son équilibre thermique peut être mieux assuré.The rabbet 110 is still designed adapted to receive a piping 115 that includes a tarpaulin, a curtain, or any other means of lateral occultation 116 of the foldable structure. These grooves 111 and 112 are aligned. As visible on the figure 17 , the groove 111 of the lower part 9 preferably comprises, at least at its upper end, a slot 113 for threading frontally the piping inside the profile. The groove 112 of the upper part 10 has, at at least its lower end, a light 114 similar to the light 113. Similar lights can also be provided at the other ends of the lower part 9 or upper 10 of a post 8. Thus, it is very easy to position and fix such a lateral concealment means 116 to the uprights 8 of the foldable structure 1. Such a lateral concealment means 116 may, again, advantageously be fixed to the cover means 3 , in particular at a horizontal strip, by fastening means designed capable of cooperating with complementary fastening means, such as velvet-hook or the like. The structure thus equipped then has a very good weathertightness, and its thermal balance can be better ensured.

Ces moyens de signalisation 109 sont conçus aptes à être alimentés en énergie par des moyens autonomes d'alimentation en énergie, par exemple photo-voltaïques et/ou éoliens, les moyens de couverture 3 étant alors constitués de matériaux propres à cette utilisation. L'alimentation de guirlandes de « leds » peut aussi, avantageusement, vue leur très faible consommation, être faite par au moins une batterie, par exemple une petite batterie ou pile de ménage de 12V suffit à alimenter pendant 48 heures une guirlande de 400 mètres de « leds ».These signaling means 109 are designed to be powered by autonomous energy supply means, for example photo-voltaic and / or wind, the cover means 3 then consist of materials specific to this use. The supply of garlands "leds" can also, advantageously, seen their very low consumption, be made by at least one battery, for example a small battery or household battery of 12V enough to feed for 48 hours a garland of 400 meters of "leds".

De tels moyens de signalisation 109 peuvent, encore, être intégrés dans les moyens de couverture 3, ou encore dans des moyens d'occultation latérale 116.Such signaling means 109 may, again, be integrated in the cover means 3, or in lateral concealment means 116.

Dans le cas où elle est équipée de tels moyens autonomes d'alimentation en énergie, une telle structure peut ainsi, avantageusement, être conçue à usage de serre ou châssis de forçage de végétaux.In the case where it is equipped with such autonomous power supply means, such a structure can thus advantageously be designed for greenhouse use or forcing frame of plants.

Claims (13)

  1. A folding shelter structure (1), capable of going from an unfolded position to a folded position, and vice versa, comprising telescoping uprights (8) including each at least one lower element (9) sliding with respect to an upper element (10) integral with said structure (1), and which support a collection of mutually-adjacent prismatic box structures (20), and the walls of which are formed of crisscrosses (21) of longitudinal members (6) articulated in the manner of scissors, wherein said uprights comprise means for unfolding or re-folding (40) said uprights (8), incorporated into said telescoping uprights (8) and wherein said upper element (10) comprises, over all or part of its length, guiding means formed of a slide (13), designed to be capable of cooperating with rolling means formed by a carriage (12) that slides inside the latter and on which are mounted, in an articulated manner, the ends of longitudinal members (6) said structure comprises (1), said means (40) for unfolding or re-folding said uprights (8) being made up of gas cylinders (41).
  2. The folding structure (1) according to claim 1, wherein said lower element (9) slides inside said upper element (10).
  3. The folding structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein it has a polygonal plane, each side of the polygon serving as a support for a different odd number of boxes (20).
  4. The folding structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein it comprises secondary unfolding means (25) or at least one jack positioned diagonally with respect to at least one diamond formed at an articulated crisscross (21) that some of said longitudinal members (6) form, together, on the side (22) of at least one of the boxes (20) making up the structure (1).
  5. The folding structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein it comprises at least one tongue (60) designed to be capable of being fixed at the periphery of the unfolded structure on the end of longitudinal members (6) bearing the covering means (3), and having a lower portion of a well-known shape designed to be suitable for the coupling of at least one horizontal cross-piece (61).
  6. The folding structure (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein said horizontal cross-piece (61) is made up of at least two segments (602) and (603) mounted articulated by means of a hinge (601).
  7. The folding structure (1) according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein said horizontal cross-piece (61) is designed to be capable of cooperating with a recess (131) comprised by the upper portion (10) of an upright (8).
  8. The folding structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein it incorporates at least one reinforcement (130), designed to be capable of cooperating with a recess (131) comprised by the upper portion (10) of an upright (8), and with a recess (132) comprised by a horizontal cross-piece (61) adjacent to said upper portion (10), so as to rigidify their connection once the structure (1) is unfolded, after the immobilization of said reinforcement (130) with the help of locking means (133).
  9. The folding structure (1) according to claim 6, wherein it incorporates at least one reinforcement (130), designed to be capable of cooperating with recesses (132) comprised by each of two segments (602, 603) of a horizontal cross-piece (61) adjacent to one other, so as to rigidify their connection once the structure (1) is unfolded, after the immobilization of said reinforcement (130) with the help of locking means (133).
  10. The folding structure (1) according to claim 5, wherein said tongue (60) is designed to be capable of cooperating pivotally with a junction piece (140) at a pivot (142) the latter comprises.
  11. The folding structure (1) according to claims 6 and 10, wherein said junction piece (140) is designed to be capable of reinforcing, from the outside, the junction of said two segments (602, 603) of a horizontal cross-piece (61) adjacent to one other, and is designed to be capable of being immobilized through immobilization means (141) on said two segments (602, 603).
  12. The folding structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein it comprises, at the level of at least one upright (8), receiving means (108) for receiving signalization means (109), and wherein said receiving means (108) are made up of a rabbet (110) designed to be capable of receiving a string of lights (120) forming said signalization means (109), or of receiving a piping (115) comprised by a lateral concealing means (116) of said folding structure (1).
  13. The folding structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein it comprises locking means in the form of at least one longitudinal member-hook (100), articulated around an upper articulation (101) of at least one articulated crisscross (21), provided at its lower portion with a hook (103) designed to be capable of cooperating with a trunnion (104) or the like, comprised by a lower articulation (102) situated on the vertical of said upper articulation (101).
EP07823698.1A 2007-02-27 2007-08-07 Folding structure that can be unfolded and refolded quickly Active EP2118408B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0753514A FR2913043B1 (en) 2007-02-27 2007-02-27 FOLDABLE STRUCTURE WITH DEVELOPMENT AND RAPID FOLDING.
PCT/FR2007/051792 WO2008104645A1 (en) 2007-02-27 2007-08-07 Folding structure that can be unfolded and refolded quickly

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2118408A1 EP2118408A1 (en) 2009-11-18
EP2118408B1 true EP2118408B1 (en) 2016-05-04

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EP07823698.1A Active EP2118408B1 (en) 2007-02-27 2007-08-07 Folding structure that can be unfolded and refolded quickly

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US (1) US20100101617A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2118408B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101657588A (en)
ES (1) ES2584908T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2913043B1 (en)
PL (1) PL2118408T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2008104645A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2913043A1 (en) 2008-08-29
ES2584908T3 (en) 2016-09-30
FR2913043B1 (en) 2010-11-12
WO2008104645A1 (en) 2008-09-04
EP2118408A1 (en) 2009-11-18
US20100101617A1 (en) 2010-04-29
PL2118408T3 (en) 2017-02-28
CN101657588A (en) 2010-02-24

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