EP2118246B1 - Method and use of engine lubricants in four-stroke engines - Google Patents
Method and use of engine lubricants in four-stroke engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2118246B1 EP2118246B1 EP08709482.7A EP08709482A EP2118246B1 EP 2118246 B1 EP2118246 B1 EP 2118246B1 EP 08709482 A EP08709482 A EP 08709482A EP 2118246 B1 EP2118246 B1 EP 2118246B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- diester
- lubricant
- engine lubricant
- use according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCO QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004439 Isononyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005968 1-Decanol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- AYWLCKHHUFBVGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(7-methyloctyl) hexanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C AYWLCKHHUFBVGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LTAKLZKKFRKRMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl 3-methylhexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC(C)CC(=O)OCCCCCCCC LTAKLZKKFRKRMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GAYWCADKXYCKCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-pyridin-3-yl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione Chemical compound N1NC(=S)N=C1C1=CC=CN=C1 GAYWCADKXYCKCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N glycerol monolinoleate Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- -1 monoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 6
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
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- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- CJFLBOQMPJCWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(6-methylheptyl) hexanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCC(C)C CJFLBOQMPJCWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALKCLFLTXBBMMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OC(C)(C=C)CCC=C(C)C ALKCLFLTXBBMMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKPKHTKLLYPGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,6-dimethylheptane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CC(CCCCC(O)O)(C)C CKPKHTKLLYPGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004650 carbonic acid diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCC)(=O)O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/36—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/02—Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
- C10M2207/2815—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
- C10M2207/2825—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
- C10M2209/1095—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
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- C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/069—Linear chain compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/071—Branched chain compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/74—Noack Volatility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
Description
- The present invention relates to the method and use of engine lubricants in four-stroke engines, and more especially to the use of engine lubricants having an SAE class rating of less than SAE 5W in four-stroke engines.
- Owing to the ever increasing environmental, legislative and economic pressures, engine lubricants are required that contribute to increased engine efficiency, ie greater mpg or kpl and lowered engine emissions, and decreased frequency between lubricant changes, ie less oil usage.
- However, these requirements are difficult to meet, especially when using petroleum-based oils, eg mineral oils, as lubricants, as they impose conflicting requirements on the viscosity and volatility properties exhibited by such oils. For example, engine oils are required to allow easy cold engine starting at low ambient temperatures whilst ensuring good lubrication at high operating temperatures. This may be achieved by blending lubricant stocks of different viscosities. However, such formulations may not be sufficient to meet the operating temperature range requirements owing to disparate viscosity indices of the component lubricant stocks. This has led to the use of viscosity index improvers, often in relatively high amounts. Such viscosity index improvers are frequently polymeric in nature and may be broken down by the operating temperatures and shearing of the fluid in the engines, especially in high performance vehicles, leading to potential loss in viscosity and engine failure.
- Other approaches use synthetic lubricant stocks such as specially processed mineral oils, α-olefin oligomers and polymers (hereinafter poly-α-olefins) and esters including monoesters, diesters, polyol esters and complex esters, with or without appropriate additives such as viscosity index improvers.
- Such approaches are exemplified in, for example,
DE Offenlegungsschrift 2133042 ,EP-A-0089709 ,EP-B-0792334 ,JP 1993331483A US-A-4155861 andUS-B2-6303548 . -
DE OL 2133042 -
EP-A-0089709 discloses organic carbonic acid diesters derived from alcohols as components in engine lubricants. -
EP-B-0792334 discloses an engine lubricant having at least one ester derived from a saturated branched chain aliphatic monohydric alcohol having at least 8 carbon atoms and a saturated branched chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having at least 10 carbon atoms. -
JP 1993331483A -
US-A-4155861 discloses lubricating oils based on mixed esters consisting of a monomeric diester of a dicarboxylic acid and a complex ester derived from a dicarboxylic acid (preferably branched) and hexanediol or trimethyl hexanediol. In the specific examples, the monomeric diester is n-octyl, n-decyl trimethyl adipate. The addition of the complex ester at levels of 1% to 10% to the n-octyl, n-decyl trimethyl adipate is said to result in engine oils in the SAE classes 5W/20, 5W/30 or 10W/40. -
US-B2-6303548 discloses an SAE 0W-40 lubricant composition consisting of 5% to 80% of a mineral oil base stock, 5% to 90% of a poly-α-olefin which has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C in the range 3.5cSt to 4.5cSt and 1% to 30% of an ester derived from monocarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids with monohydroxyl alcohols and polyols together with a viscosity improver comprising a mixture of 3% to 7% of a polymethacrylate and 4% to 9% olefin copolymer or hydrogenated diene copolymer. A specific example uses di-isooctyl adipate.DE 10 2004 034202 discloses ester oils with a low volatility and a low viscosity. -
US-A-2004198614 discloses a method of reducing intake valve deposits in a direct injection engine,GB716086 GB1293225 GB828956 US3194764 discloses a process for the preparation of complex esters having improved viscosity characteristics and low acid number andUS3546116 discloses functional fluid compositions which exhibit improved oxidative stability together with improved resistance to the corrosion of metal surfaces - Some disadvantages of such lubricants include the inherent limitation imposed by the viscosity indices of the base oils (which impacts film thickness); and the inability to reduce viscosity without increasing volatility (ie increasing the Noack evaporation loss of the lubricant). Additionally, very low viscosity esters can also have high polarity which can lead to seal compatibility issues and potential wear issues due to competition with antiwear agents such as ZDDP when the esters are used at high dose rates, eg >15 wt%. For example, di-isooctyl adipate has an NPI of 41. In addition, low viscosity lubricants, which have been optimised to give low volatilities, can also suffer from either low viscosity indices (<125), poor low temperature flow properties or shorter drain intervals resulting from poor oxidative stability (from the use of components in which gem dimethyl branching is present).
- It is an object of the present invention to provide method and use of an engine lubricant in four-stroke engines. It is a further object of the present invention to provide use of an engine lubricant which has an SAE class rating of less than 5W, more especially an SAE class rating of 0W or lower.
- According to the present invention, there is provided a use and a method as defined in the claims.
- As used in this specification in relation to the invention described and claimed, as required by the context, the term "wt%" indicates the percentage by weight of the component referred to as a percentage of the total weight of the engine lubricant. Where the context refers to a specific component, for example a Noack evaporation loss, the term "wt%" indicates the percentage by weight of the total weight of the component.
- Preferably, said engine lubricant comprises at least 20 wt%, more preferably at least 25 wt% of said at least one diester. Said engine lubricant may comprise up to 75 wt%, more preferably up to 50 wt% and, up to 40 wt% of said at least one diester. In one embodiment, said engine lubricant comprises about 30 wt% of said at least one diester.
- When said engine lubricant does not consist essentially of said at least one diester and said additives, the balance of said engine lubricant comprises lubricant components selected from API Groups III, IV and V lubricants and gas-to-liquid lubricants (GTL) and mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable Group III lubricants include mineral oils. Examples of suitable Group IV lubricants included poly-α-olefins derived from C8 to C12 α-olefins and having kinematic viscosities in the range 3.6 cSt to 8 cSt at 100°C. Examples of Group V lubricants include alkyl naphthalenes, alkyl benzenes and esters, for example esters derived from monohydric alcohols and/or polyols and monocarboxylic acids or polycarboxylic acids. Examples of alkyl naphthalenes include Synesstic™ 5 and Synesstic™ 12 alkyl naphthalenes available from Mobil. Examples of esters are Priolube 1976™ a monoester and Priolube 3970™ a TMP nC8 InC10 polyol ester. GTL base stocks are made by conversion of natural gas (ie, methane and higher alkanes) to synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and then via oligomerisation (eg the Fischer-Tropsch process) to higher molecular weight molecules that are hydrocracked to produce iso-paraffins in the required lubricant boiling/viscosity range. GTL base stocks are only just being commercialised and consequently there is little or no data relating to them that is freely available. As far as it is known, such GTL base stocks will have viscosity grades similar to poly-α-olefins.
- In one embodiment, said engine lubricant consists essentially of said at least one diester, at least one Group V lubricant, especially an alkyl naphthalene or an ester other than said at least one diester such as a polyol ester or complex ester, and said additives.
- Preferably, said at least one diester has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of not more than 3.0cSt. Preferably, said at least one diester has a viscosity index of at least 140. Said at least one diester has a pour point of not more than about - 30°C, more particularly of not more than -35°C and especially not more than -40°C. Preferably, said at least one diester has a Noack evaporation loss of not more than 14.5 wt%, more preferably of not more than 14.0 wt%.
- Preferably, said at least one diester has a flash point of at least 200°C, more preferably at least 210°C, more particularly at least 220°C and especially of about 230°C.
- Preferably, said at least one diester has a non-polarity index (NPI), as described in
EP-B-0792334 , of more than 30 but less than 100, more preferably less than 80. - Preferably, said at least one diester is stable when held at -20 °C for one week. This low temperature stability may be tested by storing approximately 30ml of diester in a glass vial and placing the vial in a freezer unit at -20°C for one week, checking the sample at regular intervals and noting any signs of crystal formation or gelling.
- Preferably, said at least one diester has a cold crank simulation (CCS) dynamic viscosity at -35°C of not more than 6200 cPs.
- Preferably, said engine lubricant comprises only one of said at least one diester.
- Where said engine lubricant comprises at least two of said at least one diester, each diester may be selected with different properties. Preferably, the properties of each diester are within the values of such properties as described above; alternatively, one or more of the properties of at least one diester may be outside the values of such properties as described above provided that the properties of the mixture of diesters are within the values of such properties as described above.
- Preferably, said at least one diester is selected from the group consisting of:
- a) reaction products of at least one C6 to C10, aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof with at least one primary C8 to C10, aliphatic monohydric alcohol, wherein, if said at least one acid is branched, then at least one of said at least one alcohol is linear and, if said at least one acid is linear, then at least one of said at least one alcohol is branched; and
- b)
- Preferably, the diester, when derived from diacids or anhydrides thereof and monohydric alcohols, contains 17 to 36, more particularly 20 to 30 and especially 23 to 26 carbon atoms.
- The reaction products of dicarboxylic acids and alcohols are reaction products of either branched acids with linear alcohols or linear acids with branched alcohols.
- The branched chains of the branched acids and/or branched alcohols may be C1 to C4 alkyl, more preferably C1 or C2 alkyl and especially methyl. The branched acids are preferably not branched in the α-position but are preferably branched in the β-position. Preferably, the acids do not contain any gem branched groups, eg gem dimethyl or gem diethyl, and preferably contain only one or two branches, especially a single branch in the β-position.
- The dicarboxylic acids include adipic acid, 3-methyl adipic acid and sebacic acid. The primary alcohols include 1-octanol, 1-decanol and mixtures thereof, 2-ethylhexanol and isononyl alcohol.
- Preferred diesters are selected from the group consisting of di-isononyl adipate, di-n-octyl 3-methyl-adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate and mixtures thereof. More particularly, the diesters are selected from the group consisting of di-isononyl adipate, di-n-octyl 3-methyl-adipate and di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate and mixtures thereof.
- As will be appreciated, the acids and alcohols used to make said diesters will be from commercial sources and may not necessarily comprise 100 wt% of the acid or alcohol. Such commercial products usually comprise a major proportion of the primary product together with other isomers and/or additional products of shorter or longer chain length. This may lead to variations in properties of the diesters which are reaction products. Such variations in properties are exemplified below in the Examples.
- In one embodiment, said engine lubricant optionally may comprise esters selected from simple esters, diesters, not being diesters as hereinbefore described, and complex esters or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the weight ratio of said diesters to said optional esters will be between 100:0 to 60:40, more preferably between 100:0 to 75:25, more particularly between 99:1 and 80:20 and, especially between 95:5 to 85:15.
- As previously described, said engine lubricant comprises not more than 15 wt% of additives, more especially not more than 10 wt% of additives. Typically, said additives are:
- a) viscosity index improvers, for example alkyl methacrylate copolymers, olefin copolymers (OCP) and mixtures thereof, which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.1 wt% to 6 wt%;
- b) antioxidants, for example phenolic antioxidants, such as hindered phenols, and alkylated diphenyl amines and mixtures thereof, which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.5 wt% to 1 wt%;
- c) metal deactivators, for example metal dialkyldithiophosphates, thiadiazoles and triazoles (which may also function as corrosion inhibitors and extreme pressure additives), which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.01 wt% to 0.5 wt%;
- d) pour point depressants which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.1 wt% to 1.0 wt%;
- e) extreme pressure additives, for example zinc diaryl dithiophosphates (ZDDP), which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.5 wt% to 3.0 wt%;
- f) As friction modifiers, glycerol mono-oleate, which is added in the range 0.3 wt% to 1.3 wt%;
- g) anti-foam agents, for example dimethyl polysiloxane, polyacrylate, which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 1ppm to 100ppm;
- h) multifunctional additives such as DDI (detergent-dispersion-inhibitor) packages;
- i) and mixtures of such additives.
- In engine lubricants according to the claims in which said diesters and, optionally, other esters are present in significant quantities, preferably as a major component of the engine lubricants, such engine lubricants may be free of some additives such as viscosity index improvers.
- The combinations of additives used in engine lubricants and the amounts thereof may vary significantly; however, the total amount of all additives included in said engine lubricant according to the invention is subject to the upper limits of 15 wt% and more especially 10 wt%, as previously described.
- The present invention includes the use of said engine lubricant as herein described in lubricating four-stroke engines and a method of lubricating a four-stroke engine comprising lubricating said engine with said engine lubricant as herein described.
- The present invention further includes use of an SAE 0W engine lubricant, said engine lubricant comprising at least one diester as herein described. The features and embodiments herein described apply also mutatis mutandis to said SAE 0W engine lubricant.
- The invention will now be further illustrated with reference to the following Example.
- Samples 1 to 4 as identified in Table 1 below are diesters suitable for use in said engine lubricants according to the invention. Comparative samples 5 to 11 are also identified in Table 1. The properties of the samples are given in Table 2.
Table 1 Sample Linear Acid Branched Acid Linear Alcohol Branched Alcohol Poly(alkyl glycol) 1 Adipic - - Isononyl* - 2 Adipic - - Isononyl** - 3 - 3-methyl adipic 1-octanol - - 4 Sebacic - - 2-ethylhexanol - 5 Caprylic/capric (approximately 50:50 mixture) - - - PPG 225 6 Caprylic/capric (approximately 50:50 mixture) - - Trimethylol propane 7 Adipic - 1-octanol/1-decanol (approximately 50:50 mixture) - - 8 Heptanoic - Glycerol - - 9 Caprylic - - Guerbert iso-C20 - 10 Adipic - - 2-propylheptanol - 11 - 2,2,4-methyl adipic - 2-ethylhexanol - *Commercially-sourced isononyl alcohol comprising <85 wt% isononyl alcohol.
**Commercially-sourced isononyl alcohol comprising at least 85 wt% isononyl alcohol.Table 2 Sample Viscosity @ 40°C (cSt) Viscosity @ 100°C (cSt) Viscosity Index Flash Point (°C) Pour Point (°C) Noack Evaporation Loss (wt%) Stability at -20°C for 1 week NPI CCS -35°C (cPs) 1 12.0 3.3 156 210 -60 12 Pass 48 <500 2 10.5 3.0 159 230 -50 13 Pass 48 <500 3 8.9 2.8 169 227* -36** 14 Pass 47 <500 4 11.5 3.3 157 230 <-60 12 Pass 55 <500 5 10.6 3.0 149 228 -62 14? - <61 - 6 19.5 4.4 140 245 -51 3 Pass 60 3390 7 12.2 3.4 157 230 -26 11 Fail 48 <500 8 9.6 2.7 128 240 -56 14 Pass 34 <500 9 10.5 2.9 138 230 -28 12? - 118 >6200 10 11.4 3.0 122 210 <-38 15 Pass 48 <500 11 9.9 2.5 116 - <-60 22 Pass 48 - *Pre-1950's literature data.
**Precipitate started to form at about -36°C and continued to build up. At -48°C, the sample still had a liquid layer that was fluid.
? = modelled data based on flashpoint.
Claims (9)
- Use in a four-stroke engine of an engine lubricant comprising from 15 wt% to 40 wt% of at least one diester and not more than 15 wt% of additives, said additives comprising 0.3wt% to 1.3wt% of glycerol mono-oleate as a percentage of the total weight of the engine lubricant, wherein said at least one diester, or mixture of said diesters if more than one is present, has a kinematic viscosity at 100 °C of not more than 3.3 cSt, a viscosity index of at least 130, a pour point of not more than -30 °C and a Noack evaporation loss of not more than 15 wt% and said at least one diester is selected from the group consisting of reaction products of at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from adipic acid, 3-methyl adipic acid and sebacic acid or an anhydride thereof with at least one primary alcohol selected from 1-octanol, 1-decanol and mixtures thereof, 2-ethylhexanol and isononyl alcohol, wherein, if said at least one acid is branched, then at least one of said at least one alcohol is linear and, if said at least one acid is linear, then at least one of said at least one alcohol is branched.
- Use according to claim 1 wherein the engine lubricant is an SAE 0W engine lubricant.
- Use according to claims 1 or 2 wherein the engine lubricant comprises at least 25 wt% and up to 40 wt% of said at least one diester.
- Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the engine lubricant comprises lubricant components selected from API Groups III, IV and V and mixtures thereof.
- Use according to claim 4 wherein the engine lubricant consists essentially of said at least one diester, said additives and at least one API Group V lubricant.
- Use according to any one of the preceding claims in which said at least one diester has a kinematic viscosity at 100 °C of not more than 3.0cSt and/or a viscosity index of at least 140 and/or a pour point of not more than -35°C and/or a Noack evaporation loss of not more than 14.0 wt%.
- Use according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said diesters are selected from the group consisting of di-isononyl adipate, di-n-octyl 3-methyl-adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate and mixtures thereof.
- Use according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the engine lubricant comprises not more than 10 wt% of said additives.
- A method of lubricating a four-stroke engine comprising lubricating said engine with an engine lubricant as defined in any preceding claim.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US90384407P | 2007-02-28 | 2007-02-28 | |
GBGB0703831.8A GB0703831D0 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2007-02-28 | Engine lubricants |
PCT/GB2008/000599 WO2008104745A2 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-21 | Engine lubricants |
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EP2118246A2 EP2118246A2 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
EP2118246B1 true EP2118246B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
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EP08709482.7A Active EP2118246B1 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-21 | Method and use of engine lubricants in four-stroke engines |
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US (1) | US20100093579A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2118246B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2010520319A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2705593T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0703831D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008104745A2 (en) |
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EP2305782A1 (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2011-04-06 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Lubricant compositions |
JP5106695B1 (en) | 2012-04-02 | 2012-12-26 | 修 小川 | Internal cleaning agent for diesel engine and cleaning system using the same |
AU2013204283A1 (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2014-02-06 | Phillip Farquharson | Jack and support device |
US9708561B2 (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2017-07-18 | Basf Se | Lubricating oil composition with enhanced energy efficiency |
WO2015078968A1 (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-06-04 | Basf Se | Composition for low temperature |
US10208269B2 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2019-02-19 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low viscosity ester lubricant and method for using |
RU2701516C2 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2019-09-27 | Эливенс Риньюэбл Сайенсиз, Инк. | Branched diesters for use as base component and as lubricant |
SG10201913560UA (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2020-03-30 | Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co | Composition and method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in high compression spark ignition engines |
US10119090B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2018-11-06 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Composition and method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in high compression spark ignition engines |
EP3178908A1 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-14 | Basf Se | The use of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid esters as lubricants |
FR3069864B1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-08-16 | Total Marketing Services | LUBRICATING COMPOSITION COMPRISING A DIESTER |
WO2019110355A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-13 | Basf Se | Branched adipic acid based esters as novel base stocks and lubricants |
FR3088073B1 (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2021-07-23 | Total Marketing Services | USE OF A DIESTER TO IMPROVE THE ANTI-WEAR PROPERTIES OF A LUBRICANT COMPOSITION |
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-
2008
- 2008-02-21 ES ES08709482T patent/ES2705593T3/en active Active
- 2008-02-21 JP JP2009551257A patent/JP2010520319A/en active Pending
- 2008-02-21 WO PCT/GB2008/000599 patent/WO2008104745A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-02-21 EP EP08709482.7A patent/EP2118246B1/en active Active
- 2008-02-21 US US12/449,800 patent/US20100093579A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP0453114A1 (en) * | 1990-03-31 | 1991-10-23 | Tonen Corporation | Hydraulic fluids for automobile suspensions |
DE102004034202A1 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2005-11-10 | Sasol Germany Gmbh | Ester mixture obtained by esterification of dicarboxylic acid in presence of tri-/tetra-carboxylic acid with mono-hydroxy alcohol, useful as e.g. lubricant, hydraulic fluid, comprises alcohol, carbonic acids and dicarbonic acid |
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ES2705593T3 (en) | 2019-03-26 |
WO2008104745A3 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
US20100093579A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
WO2008104745A2 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
GB0703831D0 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
EP2118246A2 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
JP2010520319A (en) | 2010-06-10 |
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