Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
  • A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
  • A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
  • A61M16/0841—Joints or connectors for sampling
  • A61M16/085—Gas sampling
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
  • A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
  • A61M16/0841—Joints or connectors for sampling
  • A61M16/0858—Pressure sampling ports
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
  • A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
  • A61M16/122—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases with dilution
  • A61M16/125—Diluting primary gas with ambient air
  • A61M16/127—Diluting primary gas with ambient air by Venturi effect, i.e. entrainment mixers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
  • A61M16/208—Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/0048—Mouth-to-mouth respiration

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and a device for the resuscitation of persons in a state of cardiac arrest.
• a respiratory aid device is already known for patients whose breathing, although occurring spontaneously, is insufficient.
• Such a known respiratory assistance device comprises:
• tubular element which forms a main channel and which is intended to be connected at its distal end to a respiratory tract of a patient, while the proximal end of said tubular element is outside said patient and the respiratory system thereof is externally connected through said main channel;
• peripheral auxiliary channels which open into said main channel, said auxiliary channels being fed continuously with respiratory gas; and deflection means, to converge towards each other, inside said main channel, the jets of respiratory gas injected by said auxiliary channels.
• this breathing aid device for spontaneous breathing patient can be used successfully as artificial respiration device (and not only as a respiratory assistance device) on people in a state of cardiac arrest and during resuscitation by alternating compressions and decompressions of their ribcage, the jets of said respiratory gas favoring the recovery of the inspiration and blood circulation.
• said breathing gas continuously introduced into the lungs of the person in a state of cardiac arrest, generates in them, at the end of a compression and at the beginning of the following decompression, a pressure residual positive, which is maintained during part of said decompression, before disappearing and being replaced by a negative pressure generated by the decompression.
• a positive residual pressure forms an obstacle to the intake of outside air through said tubular element and, on the other hand, is maintained by said external air sucked.
• the lungs of the person aspire poorly the outside air and that the blood circulation (including the venous return) is not satisfactorily ensured at the ends (head, arms, legs) of said person.
• the present invention aims to overcome this disadvantage.
• the method of resuscitation of a person in a state of cardiac arrest, a method according to which reciprocal compressions and decompressions are exerted on the chest of said person is remarkable in that: a device comprising: a tubular element forming a main channel,
• peripheral auxiliary channels which open into said main channel, said auxiliary channels being fed continuously with breathing gas, and . means for deflecting, to converge towards each other, within said main channel, the jets of respiratory gas injected continuously by said auxiliary channels, so that said main channel is connected by its distal end to a airway ⁇ said person, while the proximal extrémInstitut- said tubular member is located outside of said person, so that the respiratory system thereof is connected to the outside via said main channel , and
• the external air inlet is braked into said tubular element at the beginning of each decompression.
• said positive residual pressure disappears rapidly under the action of decompression, during the gradual entry of the outside air sucked. Said positive residual pressure is no longer an obstacle to the intake of outside air and the blood circulation of the person in cardiac arrest.
• the device implemented by the invention therefore comprises means for braking the air inlet into said tubular element.
• said means for braking the entry of outside air into said tubular element comprise a hollow body provided with a first and a second normally closed valve, said first valve being able to open spontaneously and immediately when compressions, while said second valve is adapted to open spontaneously, but gradually during decompressions, said hollow body being disposed at the proximal end of said tubular member.
• Said first and second valves may be arranged either in parallel or in series, between the outside and the internal cavity of said hollow body, that is to say between the outside and the inside of said tubular element (it is ie the lungs of the person being resuscitated). In the case where said first and second valves are arranged in series, one of them can be carried by the other.
• said first valve is constituted by an elastic membrane applying spontaneously against a seat provided in said hollow body and. linked to said seat by a few fixing points distributed at its periphery, the air expelled during the compressions passing freely from the inside of the hollow body to the outside by passages which are formed spontaneously and immediately by the elastic deformation of said membrane between said fixing points and said seat and, secondly, that said second valve is formed by at least one contiguous edge slot made in said membrane, the air sucked in during decompressions gradually passing from the outside to the inside hollow body by the passage which is formed spontaneously in said membrane by elastic deformation thereof causing the gradual separation of its contiguous edges.
• Said means for braking the external air inlet into said tubular element may be an integral part thereof or may constitute a piece adapted to be removably attached to said tubular element.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view, partly in axial section, of a breathing mask equipped with a first embodiment of the artificial respiration device to be perfected in accordance with the present invention.
• FIG. 2 and 3 are cross sections of the artificial respiration device of Figure 2 respectively along lines II-II and ffl-m.
• FIG. 4 shows, in schematic longitudinal section, a second embodiment of the artificial respiration device intended to be perfected in accordance with the present invention
• Figures 5, 6 and 7 illustrate schematically in section three states, a first example of a system according to the present invention for improving the artificial respiration devices of Figures 1 and 4.
• FIGS. 8, 10 and 12 schematically illustrate in axial section three states of a second exemplary system according to the present invention, intended to improve the artificial respiration devices of FIGS. 1 and 4.
• FIGS. 9, 11 and 13 are diagrammatic cross-sections respectively along the lines IX-IX, XI-XI and XIH-XIII of FIGS. 8, 10 and 12.
• the breathing mask 1 represented in FIG. rigid frustoconical general shape 2, which can be applied to the face of a person 3 via a pad 4, bordering its peripheral opening.
• said mask 1 is provided with an artificial respiration device D1 comprising a rigid tubular element 5, integral with said shell 2 or nested on a tubular projection 6 thereof.
• the tubular element 5 serves as a gas inlet and outlet nozzle in the mask 1, its proximal end 5P being on the free air side, while its distal end 5D is located. on the side of the mask 1.
• the tubular element 5 forms an internal main channel 7 and comprises, in the middle part, deflection means 8, directed towards the axis LL of said channel 7.
• the deflection means 8 are intended to deflect, in the direction of said axis of the main channel 7, jets of respiratory gas J injected by peripheral auxiliary channels 9, fed from a inlet tip 10 (see arrow F symbolizing the supply of breathing gas), via a peripheral annular chamber 1 1, said jets of breathing gas converging towards a convergence point C of the LL axis of said main channel 7 (see also Figures 2 and 3).
• the tubular element 5 comprises a nozzle 12 for sampling gas and / or the measurement of pressure.
• the embodiment variant D2 of artificial respiration device shown in FIG. 4, comprises a flexible tubular element 25 capable of forming a nasal or oral probe, the distal end 25D of said tubular element 25 being intended to be introduced into a pathway. the proximal end 25P of the element 25 remains external to said patient.
• the tubular element 25 forms an internal main channel 27 and it comprises deflection means 28, directed towards the axis LL of said channel 27.
• the deflection means 28 are designed to deflect, in the direction of said axis LL, jets of respiratory gas J injected by peripheral auxiliary channels 29, fed from a supply duct -30 (see arrow F), through a peripheral chamber 31, said jets of respiratory gas J thereby converging towards a point of convergence C of said ⁇ Xe LL.
• the artificial respiration device D1 or D2 is used for the emergency resuscitation of people in cardiac arrest, including the chest cavity - is subjected to alternating compressions and decompressions, they are continuously supplied with respiratory gas (arrows F) from pressurized gas cylinders or the like and jets J are continuous throughout the resuscitation process.
• each of the devices D1 and D2 is equipped, at its proximal end 5P, 25P with means for braking the outside air intake. in the tubular element 5, 25 at the beginning of each decompression.
• These air braking means can take different forms and in particular those bearing the reference S1 ( Figures 5 to 7) or the reference S2 ( Figures 8 to 13) and described below. They may either form an integral part of the tubular element 5, 25 or may be removably attached thereto.
• the means S1 for braking the external air inlet in the tubular element 5, 25 at the beginning of each decompression, shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, comprise a hollow body 40 delimiting a cavity 41 in free gas communication with the tubular element 5, 25.
• On the hollow body 40 are mounted two valves 42 and 43 normally closed and arranged in parallel between the cavity 41 and the outside.
• the valve 42 is designed to open spontaneously and immediately as soon as the pressure inside the cavity 41 is greater than the external atmospheric pressure.
• the valve 43 is designed to open spontaneously and gradually, when the external atmospheric pressure is greater than the pressure inside the cavity 41. In the case shown in FIGS.
• valves 42 and 43 are of the head 44 or 45 type applied against a seat 46 or 47 by the action of a spring 48 or 49, the immediacy or progressivity of the opening of said valves is obtained by adjusting the force of said springs 48, 49.
• the means S2 for braking the external air inlet in the tubular element 5, 25 at the beginning of each decompression comprise a hollow tubular body 60 delimiting a cavity 61 in free gas communication with the tubular body 5, 25.
• a valve 62 normally closed, constituted by an elastic membrane 63 resting on a seat 64.
• the elastic membrane 63 is fixed to the seat 64 by a few attachment points 65 (3 on the drawings) distributed on its periphery.
• the valve 62 is designed to open spontaneously and immediately, as soon as the pressure inside the cavity 61 is greater than the external atmospheric pressure, such an opening of the valve 62 being due to the detachment of the elastic membrane 63 of the seat 64 between the fixing points 65 due to the deformation of said membrane under the effect of the pressure in the cavity 61. It is then created passages 66 between the membrane 63 and the seat 64.
• the elastic membrane 63 are formed slots 67 with contiguous edges, able to form a valve able to open spontaneously, but gradually, as soon as the external atmospheric pressure is greater than the pressure inside the cavity 61.
• a passage 68 forms spontaneously in the elastic membrane 63 by deformation thereof causing the progressive separation of the contiguous edges of the slots 67.
• the pressure increases in the cavity 61, detrorte the membrane 63 is deformed with creation of the passages 66, so that the air_chassé lungs vent freely outside (see the arrow 69 in Figures 10 and 1 1).

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
• External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=38110456

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (11)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 2007
  • 2007-02-15 FR FR0701087A patent/FR2912660B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-02-08 US US12/527,398 patent/US20100282262A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-02-08 WO PCT/FR2008/000153 patent/WO2008113913A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2008-02-08 JP JP2009549439A patent/JP5205395B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2008-02-08 EP EP08761856A patent/EP2117629A2/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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