EP2117020A1 - Reaktoranordnung für Wechselstrom - Google Patents

Reaktoranordnung für Wechselstrom Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2117020A1
EP2117020A1 EP08155638A EP08155638A EP2117020A1 EP 2117020 A1 EP2117020 A1 EP 2117020A1 EP 08155638 A EP08155638 A EP 08155638A EP 08155638 A EP08155638 A EP 08155638A EP 2117020 A1 EP2117020 A1 EP 2117020A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic core
core structure
electrical current
magnetic
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08155638A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tero Tapani Viitanen
Paulius Pieteris
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ABB Oy
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ABB Oy
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Priority to EP08155638A priority Critical patent/EP2117020A1/de
Publication of EP2117020A1 publication Critical patent/EP2117020A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F2003/103—Magnetic circuits with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reactor arrangement suitable for alternating electrical current and to a method for providing inductive reactance for alternating electrical current. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrical converter device having a reactor arrangement.
  • an inductive electrical component is needed between an inverter bridge arranged to produce e.g. multiphase alternating voltage and an electrical system connected to it, and/or between a rectifier bridge and an alternating voltage network.
  • the inductive electrical component can be needed, for example, for reducing slew rate of output voltage of an inverter, for over-current protection, for reducing radio frequency emissions, for suppressing common-mode electrical current, and/or for suppressing harmonics of voltage and/or of electrical current.
  • the physical size of an inductive electrical component can be reduced by providing the inductive electrical component with a magnetic core structure that is made of magnetically amplifying material, i.e.
  • the magnetically amplifying material can be ferromagnetic or paramagnetic material.
  • the magnetic core structure is preferably made of soft magnetic material that provides low hysteresis losses, e.g. electrical steel sheets, soft magnetic powder, ferrites, etc.
  • the magnetic saturation of magnetically amplifying material causes problems in conjunction with inductive electrical components, e.g. non-linear phenomena that may be harmful in operation of an inductive electrical component. For example, dynamical inductance (a change of magnetic flux / a change of electrical current) may drastically diminish as a response to a situation in which a magnetic core structure of an inductive electrical component gets magnetically saturated.
  • a magnetic core structure of an inductive electrical component is traditionally dimensioned with respect to a pre-determined value of electrical current in such a way that the magnetic core structure does not get too deeply saturated during operation.
  • the requirement that the magnetic core structure must not get too deeply saturated sets lower limits to the size and the weight of the inductive electrical component.
  • an inductive electrical component that is used for limiting fluctuations of direct electrical current, i.e. dc-current, is provided with a permanent magnet.
  • dc-current means electrical current the value of which may fluctuate over time but the flowing direction of which does not change.
  • the permanent magnet is arranged to generate into a ferromagnetic core of the inductive electrical component a biasing magnetic flux component that has an opposite direction with respect to a magnetic flux component generated by dc-current flowing in windings of the inductive electrical component.
  • the biasing magnetic flux component With the aid of the biasing magnetic flux component the maximum value of the dc-current that can be used without causing a too deep saturation of the ferromagnetic core can be e.g.
  • inductive electrical component of the kind described above is disclosed e.g. in publication US3968465 .
  • the above-described solution according to the prior art is, however, suitable for only inductive electrical components that are used for limiting fluctuations of dc-current.
  • an electrical converter device e.g. a frequency converter
  • many inductive electrical components are, however, used as reactors for alternating electrical currents.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises:
  • the first part and the second part of the magnetic core structure are preferably driven into (or near to) magnetic saturation with the at least one permanent magnet when there is no electrical current in the winding.
  • the magnetic saturation of the first part of the magnetic core structure is relieved and the magnetic saturation of the second part of the magnetic core structure is, depending on the level of initial magnetic saturation caused by the at least one permanent magnet alone, increased or remained substantially unchanged.
  • there is negative electrical current in the winding i.e.
  • the biasing magnetic flux component generated with the at least one permanent magnet can be utilized for locally relieving the magnetic saturation of the magnetic core structure during both negative and positive temporal portions of alternating electrical current and a part of the magnetic core structure in which the magnetic saturation is relieved at each time provides a low-reluctance path for the magnetic flux generated by the alternating electrical current.
  • the inductance of the reactor arrangement as a function of electrical current i.e. the inductance curve, can be designed by adjusting levels of the magnetic saturation caused with the at least one permanent magnet into the first part and into the second part of the magnetic core structure and by adjusting physical dimensions of the magnetic core structure.
  • the magnetic core structure may comprise more than one (first) part that is arranged to conduct the biasing magnetic flux component generated with the at least one permanent magnet and that is magnetized with the winding in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component as a response to a situation in which the electrical current in the winding is positive.
  • the magnetic core structure may comprise more than one (second) part that is arranged to conduct the biasing magnetic flux component and that is magnetized with the winding in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component as a response to a situation in which the electrical current in the winding is negative.
  • a new electrical converter device that comprises at least one reactor arrangement according to the invention.
  • the electrical converter device can be, e.g. an inverter, a rectifier, and/or a frequency converter.
  • a new method for providing inductive reactance for alternating electrical current comprises:
  • FIG. 1 shows a reactor arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a magnetic core structure 101 made of magnetically amplifying material, i.e. material having the relative permeability greater than unity ( ⁇ r > 1).
  • the magnetic core structure can be made of ferromagnetic or paramagnetic material.
  • the magnetic core structure is preferably made of soft magnetic material that provides low hysteresis losses, e.g. electrical steel sheets, soft magnetic powder, ferrites, etc.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a winding 102 arranged to magnetize the magnetic core structure as a response to a situation in which electrical current i ac is directed to the winding.
  • the electrical current i ac can be defined to be positive when it flows in a direction of an arrow i ac + and negative when it flows in a direction of an arrow i ac -.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a first permanent magnet 103 and a second permanent magnet 103a that are arranged to generate a biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM into a first part 104 of the magnetic core structure 101 and into a second part 105 of the magnetic core structure.
  • the magnetic core structure 101 is a three-leg magnetic core element.
  • the first part 104 of the magnetic core structure is a first side leg of the magnetic core element and the second part 105 of the magnetic core structure is a second side leg of the magnetic core element.
  • the winding 102 is located around a centre leg 110 of the magnetic core element.
  • the permanent magnets 103 and 103a can be made of, for example, rare earth-metal permanent magnet material such as e.g. SmCo-permanent magnet material (Samarium Cobalt) and NbFeB-permanent magnet material (Neodymium-Iron-Boron).
  • Each of the permanent magnets 103 and 103a can be a single block of permanent magnet material or be composed of many pieces of permanent magnet material.
  • the winding 102 is arranged to magnetize the leg 104 of the magnetic core element in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which the electrical current i ac is positive and to magnetize the leg 105 of the magnetic core element in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which the electrical current is negative.
  • the magnetic flux component generated with the winding 102 is denoted with ⁇ ⁇ in figure 1 .
  • the arrowheads of the ⁇ i correspond to a situation in which the electrical current i ac is positive.
  • the legs 104 and 105 of the magnetic core element 101 are preferably driven into (or near to) magnetic saturation with the permanent magnets 103 and 103a in a situation in which there is no electrical current in the winding 102.
  • the magnetic flux component ⁇ i flows in the leg 104 in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM and in the leg 105 in a same direction as the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM .
  • the magnetic saturation of the leg 104 is relieved and the magnetic saturation of the leg 105 is, depending on the level of initial magnetic saturation caused by the permanent magnets 103 and 103a alone, increased or remained substantially unchanged.
  • the magnetic saturation of the leg 105 is relieved and the magnetic saturation of the leg 104 is, depending on the level of initial magnetic saturation caused by the permanent magnets 103 and 103a alone, increased or remained substantially unchanged.
  • the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM generated with the permanent magnets can be utilized for locally relieving the magnetic saturation of the magnetic core element 101 during both negative and positive temporal portions of alternating electrical current, i.e. the magnetic saturation of the leg 104 is relieved when the electrical current is positive and the magnetic saturation of the leg 105 is relieved when the electrical current is negative.
  • the legs 104 and 105 can be made thinner than those of a corresponding reactor arrangement in which there is/are no permanent magnet(s), i.e. no biasing magnetic flux component is present. Therefore, the size and weight of the magnetic core element 101 can be made smaller than in conjunction with a corresponding reactor arrangement having no permanent magnet(s).
  • the magnetic core element 101 is arranged to form, in addition to magnetic flux paths through the permanent magnets 103 and 103a, first additional magnetic flux paths (dashed curves 150 and 150a) arranged to by-pass the permanent magnets via first magnetic-gaps 106 and 106a and second additional magnetic flux paths (dashed curves 151 and 151 a) arranged to by-pass the permanent magnets via second magnetic-gaps 107 and 107a.
  • the magnetic-gaps can contain for example air, plastic, or some other material that has a smaller relative permeability ( ⁇ r ) than that of the magnetically amplifying material of the magnetic core element 101.
  • the lengths of the magnetic-gaps 107 and 107a in flowing directions of respective magnetic fluxes are preferably (but not necessarily) smaller than thicknesses of the permanents magnets 103 and 103a in flowing directions of respective magnetic fluxes. Therefore, the reluctances of the second additional magnetic flux paths 151 and 151 a are smaller than those of the magnetic flux paths via the permanent magnets 103 and 103a.
  • the magnetic-gaps 107 and 107a provide by-pass routes for strong magnetic flux components that could otherwise be directed to the permanent magnets and irreversibly demagnetize the permanent magnets. Furthermore, the magnetic flux components that flow via the first and second additional magnetic flux paths saturate the magnetic core element 101 in the vicinity of the permanent magnets 103 and 103a when exceptionally strong electrical current flows in the winding. Due to the magnetic saturation in the vicinity of the permanent magnets, the ability of the magnetic core element to direct demagnetizing magnetic field into the permanent magnets is decreased. Hence, the permanent magnets are protected against irreversible demagnetization during short circuits and other situations in which exceptionally strong electrical current flows in the winding.
  • the physical dimensions of the magnetic-gaps 106, 106a, 107 and 107a and the other physical dimensions of the magnetic core element 101 are preferably designed such that reluctance for the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM is smallest along the magnetically amplifying material of the magnetic core element.
  • the design of the magnetic-gaps and the magnetic core element are arranged to force the biasing magnetic flux to flow mainly through the magnetically amplifying material instead of being shorted through the magnetic-gaps.
  • Suitable shapes and dimensions for the magnetic core element, for the permanent magnets, and for the magnetic-gaps can be found with simulations and prototype testing. For example, numerical field calculation based on a finite element method (FEM) can be used in simulations.
  • FEM finite element method
  • the inductance of the reactor arrangement as a function of the electrical current i ac can be designed by adjusting levels of the magnetic saturation caused with the permanent magnets 103 and 103a into the legs 104 and 105.
  • the inductance curve can also be designed by adjusting physical dimensions of the magnetic core element, e.g. by adjusting physical dimensions of the centre leg 110 of the magnetic core element.
  • the levels of the above-mentioned magnetic saturation can be adjusted by designing physical dimensions of the permanent magnets.
  • the same magnetic core element 101 can be used for different ratings of electrical current i ac by choosing a suitable width of the permanent magnets W PM for each value of the electrical current.
  • the permanent magnets can be composed of several parallel pieces and different values of the width W PM can be realized by varying a number of parallel pieces in each of the permanent magnets 103 and 103a.
  • the permanent magnets 103 and 103a are arranged to drive magnetic saturation of the legs 104 and 105 into the vicinity of a point of a magnetization curve in which the radius of curvature of the magnetization curve has its smallest value.
  • the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM corresponds to the vicinity of the "knee"-point of the magnetization curve.
  • the magnetization curve is the magnetic flux density (T) vs. magnetic field strength (A/m) -curve (B-H-curve) of the magnetically amplifying material of the magnetic core element 101.
  • the winding 102 is located around the centre leg 110 of the magnetic core element. This is not, however, the only alternative as illustrated in figure 2 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a reactor arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the reactor arrangement according to this embodiment of the invention is composed of two permanent magnet biased reactors 350 and 351 that are electrically connected in series in such a way that the inductance of the reactor arrangement is mainly provided with the permanent magnet biased reactor 350 when electrical current i ac is positive and with the permanent magnet biased reactor 351 when the electrical current i ac is negative.
  • the electrical current i ac can be defined to be positive when it flows in a direction of an arrow i ac + and negative when it flows in a direction of an arrow i ac -.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a magnetic core structure 301 that has two separate magnetic core elements 301 a and 301 b.
  • the magnetic core elements are made of magnetically amplifying material, i.e. material having the relative permeability greater than unity ( ⁇ r > 1).
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a winding 302 that has a first coil arranged to magnetize the magnetic core element 301 a and a second coil arranged to magnetize the magnetic core element 301 b as a response to a situation in which the electrical current i ac is directed to the winding.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a first permanent magnet 303 that is arranged to generate a biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM1 into parts (legs) 304 and 304a of the magnetic core structure 301.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a second permanent magnet 303a that is arranged to generate a biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM2 into parts (legs) 305 and 305a of the magnetic core structure 301.
  • the winding 302 is arranged to magnetize the legs 304 and 304a of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM1 as a response to a situation in which the electrical current i ac is positive and to magnetize the legs 305 and 305a of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM2 as a response to a situation in which the electrical current is negative.
  • the magnetic flux component generated with the winding 302 into the magnetic core element 301 a is denoted with ⁇ i1 and the magnetic flux component generated with the winding 302 into the magnetic core element 301 b is denoted with ⁇ i2 .
  • the arrowheads of the ⁇ i1 and ⁇ i2 correspond to a situation in which the electrical current i ac is positive.
  • the term “magnetic core structure” covers in this document also situations in which the magnetic core structure comprises more than one magnetic core element, e.g. the magnetic core structure 301 comprises the magnetic core elements 301 a and 301 b.
  • FIG. 4 shows a reactor arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a magnetic core structure 401 made of magnetically amplifying material, i.e. material having the relative permeability greater than unity ( ⁇ r > 1).
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a winding 402 arranged to magnetize the magnetic core structure as a response to a situation in which electrical current i ac is directed to the winding.
  • the electrical current i ac can be defined to be positive when it flows in a direction of an arrow i ac + and negative when it flows in a direction of an arrow i ac -.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a permanent magnet 403 that is arranged to generate a biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM into a first part (leg) 404 of the magnetic core structure 101 and into a second part (leg) 405 of the magnetic core structure.
  • the permanent magnets 403 can be a single block of permanent magnet material or be composed of many pieces of permanent magnet material.
  • the winding 402 is arranged to magnetize the leg 404 of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which the electrical current i ac is positive and to magnetize the leg 405 of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which the electrical current is negative.
  • the magnetic flux component generated with the winding 402 is denoted with ⁇ i in figure 4 .
  • the arrowheads of the ⁇ i correspond to a situation in which the electrical current i ac is positive.
  • FIG. 5 shows a reactor arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises a magnetic core structure 501 made of magnetically amplifying material, i.e. material having the relative permeability greater than unity ( ⁇ r > 1).
  • the reactor arrangement comprises permanent magnets 503 and 503a that are arranged to generate a biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM into a first part (leg) 504 of the magnetic core structure 501 and into a second part (leg) 505 of the magnetic core structure.
  • the reactor arrangement comprises windings 502, 502a, and 502b located around a centre leg 510 of the magnetic core structure 501.
  • the winding 502 is arranged to magnetize the leg 504 of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which electrical current i ac1 is positive and to magnetize the leg 505 of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which the electrical current i ac1 is negative.
  • the winding 502a is arranged to magnetize the leg 504 of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which electrical current i ac2 is positive and to magnetize the leg 505 of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which the electrical current i ac2 is negative.
  • the winding 502b is arranged to magnetize the leg 504 of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which electrical current i ac3 is positive and to magnetize the leg 505 of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which the electrical current i ac3 is negative.
  • the magnetic flux component generated with one or more of the windings 502, 502a, and 502b is denoted with ⁇ i in figure 5 .
  • the reactor arrangement shown in figure 5 can be used, for example, as a common-mode choke that is arranged to suppress fluctuations of a sum of the electrical currents i ac1 , i ac2 , and i ac3 (i ac1 + i ac2 + i ac3 ).
  • reactor arrangements according to the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in figures 1-5 are, however, just illustrative examples and possible shapes for magnetic core structures and the numbers of permanent magnets, windings, and magnetic gaps are not restricted to those presented in this document.
  • An electrical converter device comprises at least one reactor arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the electrical converter device can be, for example, an inverter, a rectifier, and/or a frequency converter.
  • FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of an electrical converter device 600 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the electrical converter device comprises phase-specific reactor arrangements 611-613 for alternating electrical currents received from an alternating voltage network 623.
  • the electrical converter device may further comprise phase-specific reactor arrangements 614-616 for alternating electrical currents supplied to a load 622 of the electrical converter device.
  • Each of the reactor arrangements 611-616 is a reactor arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • each of the reactor arrangements 611-616 could be according to what is depicted in figure 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 .
  • the load 622 is a three phase alternating current motor.
  • the load can be as well some other electrical device, e.g. an induction heater.
  • the electrical converter device comprises a converter unit 620 that is arranged to transfer energy from the alternating voltage network 623 to an intermediate circuit 624.
  • the converter unit 620 can be e.g. a rectifier.
  • the converter unit 620 can be as well a device that is capable of transferring energy, not only from the alternating voltage network 623 to the intermediate circuit 624, but also from the intermediate circuit back to the alternating voltage network.
  • the electrical converter device comprises a converter unit 621 that is able to transfer energy from the intermediate circuit 624 to the load 622 and, preferably but not necessarily, also to transfer energy from the load to the intermediate circuit.
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of an electrical converter device 700 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the electrical converter device comprises a reactor arrangement 717 that has phase-specific windings for alternating electrical currents received from an alternating voltage network 723.
  • the reactor arrangement 717 is adapted to operate as a common-mode choke for the said alternating electrical currents.
  • the electrical converter device may further comprise a reactor arrangement 718 having phase-specific windings for alternating electrical currents supplied to a load 722 and being adapted to operate as a common-mode choke.
  • Each of the reactor arrangements 717 and 718 is a reactor arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • each of the reactor arrangements 717 and 718 could be according to what is depicted in figure 5 .
  • FIG 8 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the invention for providing inductive reactance for alternating electrical current i ac .
  • a phase 801 comprises generating, with at least one permanent magnet (e.g. 403 in figure 4 ), a biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM into a first part (e.g. 404 in figure 4 ) of a magnetic core structure (e.g. 401 in figure 4 ) and into a second part (e.g. 405 in figure 4 ) of the magnetic core structure.
  • the magnetic core structure is made of magnetically amplifying material.
  • the first part and the second part of the magnetic core structure can be e.g. legs of the magnetic core structure.
  • a phase 802 comprises directing the alternating electrical current i ac to a winding (e.g. 402 in figure 4 ) arranged to magnetize the first part of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component as a response to a situation in which the alternating electrical current is positive (i ac > 0) and to magnetize the second part of the magnetic core structure in a direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component as a response to a situation in which the alternating electrical current is negative (i ac ⁇ 0).
  • a winding e.g. 402 in figure 4
  • a method comprises directing at least two alternating electrical currents (e.g. i ac1 , i ac3 , and i ac3 in figure 5 ) to different windings (e.g. 502, 502a, and 502b in figure 5 ).
  • Each of the windings is arranged to magnetize the first part of the magnetic core structure in the direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM as a response to a situation in which electrical current of that winding is positive and to magnetize the second part of the magnetic core structure in the direction opposite to the biasing magnetic flux component as a response to a situation in which the said electrical current is negative.
  • the method according to this embodiment of the invention can be used for providing common-mode inductance for the at least two alternating electrical currents.
  • the magnetic core structure (e.g. 101 in figure 1 ) is a three-leg magnetic core element
  • the first part of the magnetic core structure is a first side leg (e.g. 104 in figure 1 ) of the magnetic core element
  • the second part of the magnetic core structure is a second side leg (e.g. 105 in figure 1 ) of the magnetic core element
  • the winding e.g. 102 in figure 1
  • the centre leg e.g. 110 in figure 1
  • the at least one permanent magnet is used for driving magnetic saturation of the first part and the second part of the magnetic core structure into the vicinity of a point of a magnetization curve in which the radius of curvature of the magnetization curve has its smallest value.
  • the biasing magnetic flux component ⁇ PM corresponds to the vicinity of the "knee"-point of the magnetization curve.
  • the magnetization curve is the magnetic flux density (T) vs. magnetic field strength (A/m) -curve (B-H-curve) of the magnetically amplifying material of the magnetic core structure.
  • Figure 9 shows a reactor arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the advantage that can be achieved with permanent magnets 903 and 903a is illustrated below with different physical dimensions W, W1, and W2 of a magnetic core element 901.
  • the magnetic core element is made of electrical steel sheets.
  • the magnetic flux density caused by the permanent magnets into legs 904 and 905 of the magnetic core element is about 1.7 T.
  • the number of turns of the winding 902 is 90.
  • W 67 mm
  • W1 6 mm
  • W2 15 mm.
  • L PM is the inductance of the reactor arrangement shown in figure 9
  • L noPM is the inductance of an otherwise similar reactor arrangement but without permanent magnets.
  • the inductances are defined as ⁇ /l, where ⁇ is the flux linkage of the windings 902, i.e. not as d ⁇ /dl.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
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EP08155638A 2008-05-05 2008-05-05 Reaktoranordnung für Wechselstrom Withdrawn EP2117020A1 (de)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2506273A4 (de) * 2009-11-25 2017-01-25 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Kühlstruktur für einen mit magneten ausgestatteten reaktor
WO2020221388A1 (de) * 2019-05-02 2020-11-05 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Motorsteuerungseinheit mit einem magnetisierbaren kopplungselement und elektromotorbaugruppe
GB2607636A (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-14 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Improved passive device, arrangement and electric circuit for limiting or reducing a current rise

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968465A (en) 1973-05-18 1976-07-06 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Inductor and method for producing same
DE3202600A1 (de) * 1981-01-27 1982-09-09 Zumtobel AG, 6850 Dornbirn Induktiver spannungs- oder strombegrenzer
JPH0484405A (ja) * 1990-07-27 1992-03-17 Tabuchi Denki Kk 力率改善用チョーク
US6191676B1 (en) * 1994-10-21 2001-02-20 Spinel Llc Apparatus for suppressing nonlinear current drawing characteristics
JP2001358025A (ja) * 2000-06-12 2001-12-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 三相限流器
US20030179594A1 (en) * 2000-08-16 2003-09-25 Manfred Bruckmann Device for effecting the basic interference suppression of a matrix converter

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968465A (en) 1973-05-18 1976-07-06 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Inductor and method for producing same
DE3202600A1 (de) * 1981-01-27 1982-09-09 Zumtobel AG, 6850 Dornbirn Induktiver spannungs- oder strombegrenzer
JPH0484405A (ja) * 1990-07-27 1992-03-17 Tabuchi Denki Kk 力率改善用チョーク
US6191676B1 (en) * 1994-10-21 2001-02-20 Spinel Llc Apparatus for suppressing nonlinear current drawing characteristics
JP2001358025A (ja) * 2000-06-12 2001-12-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 三相限流器
US20030179594A1 (en) * 2000-08-16 2003-09-25 Manfred Bruckmann Device for effecting the basic interference suppression of a matrix converter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2506273A4 (de) * 2009-11-25 2017-01-25 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Kühlstruktur für einen mit magneten ausgestatteten reaktor
WO2020221388A1 (de) * 2019-05-02 2020-11-05 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Motorsteuerungseinheit mit einem magnetisierbaren kopplungselement und elektromotorbaugruppe
GB2607636A (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-14 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Improved passive device, arrangement and electric circuit for limiting or reducing a current rise
WO2022258225A1 (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-15 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Improved passive device, arrangement and electric circuit for limiting or reducing a current rise

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