EP2115988A1 - Anwendung von vorläufig entschiedenen symbolen in einem quadraturempfänger - Google Patents
Anwendung von vorläufig entschiedenen symbolen in einem quadraturempfängerInfo
- Publication number
- EP2115988A1 EP2115988A1 EP08707048A EP08707048A EP2115988A1 EP 2115988 A1 EP2115988 A1 EP 2115988A1 EP 08707048 A EP08707048 A EP 08707048A EP 08707048 A EP08707048 A EP 08707048A EP 2115988 A1 EP2115988 A1 EP 2115988A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- symbol
- auxiliary
- decided
- radius
- symbols
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for deciding a symbol when receiving a signal coupled to a quadrature signal according to the preamble features of claim 1 or a circuit arrangement for carrying out such a method.
- Fig. 11 shows one suitable for implementing the method
- an A / D converter 1 In which as an introductory component, an A / D converter 1 is shown.
- the A / D converter converts the analog reception signal sa into a digitized or digital signal sd.
- the digital signal sd is output to a quadrature converter or mixer 2, which converts the digitized or digital signal sd into baseband and splits it onto the two quadrature components I, Q.
- the signal output from the mixer 2 is applied to a gain controller 3 in a manner known per se.
- a signal amplified by the gain controller 3 is applied to a low-pass filter 4 supplied, the output signal of which is supplied to a sampling device 5, at which a sampling clock ti is applied for sampling.
- a signal sampled with the sampling device 5 is output to a further low-pass filter 6, preferably a Nyquist filter, and filtered by the latter and applied to an E-qualifier 7 (German: equalizer).
- the equalizer 7 outputs received signal values or received symbols S to a decision maker 8, which decides a symbol and outputs a decided symbol D.
- the decided symbol D is output on further circuits for further data processing, as is known per se.
- a circuit 9 for determining a phase difference ⁇ can be applied to both the received signal value and the received symbol S and the ent ⁇ different symbol D in order to determine therefrom the standing between these loading phase difference ⁇ .
- the phase difference ⁇ is applied to a frequency control device 10, FC, which is designed as a carrier control device.
- the frequency control device 10 controls, in a manner known per se, a local oscillator 11, which outputs two carriers offset by 90 ° to the mixer 2, so that the mixer 2 receives the digital signal sd to provide the two quadrature components I, Q receives.
- these components can be implemented in a known manner and in a different order and configuration. Modifications in a manner known per se, however, can also be implemented with regard to the other components.
- Both the signal values or symbols S output by the equalizer 7 and the decided symbols D output by the decision maker 8 are also applied to a clock control device 14. From this, the clock control device 14 determines, in a manner known per se, the sampling clock ti which is applied to the scanning device 5. In addition, the decided symbols D are applied as another input signal to the equalizer 7 for processing in a manner known per se.
- Fig. 12 shows a Mueller-Müller correlator for detecting errors at the sampling time. Shown are the block which forms the clock control device 14 in FIG. 11, as well as the decision maker 8 (English, slicer or data slicer). The undecided signals are correlated with the decided symbols D of the neighboring time.
- a subsequent low-pass filter LP generates a control voltage for the change of the sampling phase or of the sampling clock ti.
- the received signal or undecided symbol S is correlated with the delayed decided symbol D, in the other branch the decided symbol D with the delayed received signal or the undecided symbol S is correlated.
- a clock synchronization with Hilfssvmbolen is used according to DE 102 49 492 Al, in which the decider does not output symbols of the alphabet, but auxiliary symbols of the alphabet on nominal radii, but at the angle of the received signal to the correlator. Sollradien are such radii, on which occur symbols of the symbol alphabet.
- DE 102 49 492 A1 describes a method and a circuit for generating an auxiliary symbol for adjusting a QAM demodulator (QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation).
- QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
- the method is applied to receiving a digital signal coupled to a quadrature signal of two quadrature signal components.
- a scanning device which is dependent on symbol sampling times, preliminary symbols or corresponding signal values from the digital signal and their polar coordinates are scanned.
- an associated setpoint radius is determined which, in conjunction with the angle component of the preliminary symbol, determines the polar coordinates of the auxiliary symbol in the plane of the quadrature signal pair.
- This auxiliary symbol replaces during the adjustment phase the decisive symbol in at least one decision-feedback control.
- a multiplexer with its signal inputs to a decision maker for preliminary auxiliary symbols and with an input to a symbol decision for decided symbols is have been connected and forming a switching device, which is controlled by a STEU ⁇ er worn then from the auxiliary symbol on a decided icon switches when the decided symbol is safely within the capture range of each decision feedback loop.
- Fig. 13 shows a representation of a first quadrant of 64-QAM.
- a draw symbol S sketched by a point at the end of the radius ray
- D °, z To the left, but to the nearest nominal radius, which is outlined in bold.
- an auxiliary symbol is generated at the receiving angle ⁇ which, as a decided provisional symbol Dr, passes to the sampling rate recovery and other control loops of the receiver, in particular to the equalizer.
- Such a method can also be implemented in an arrangement as shown in FIG. 2 with two decision makers 8, 12. Decisions in the upper decision maker 12 serving as auxiliary decision maker are made according to DE 103 44 756 A1 or EP 1 523 144 only or preferably according to radii. A switchover between the decided symbols D and Dr takes place in a switching device 13, X. Instead of a second decider 12 and the actual first decision maker 8 can be changed per se to make a decision only or preferably to radii.
- control voltage for the sampling clock ti is useful only in the vicinity of the target time. This problem occurs in particular if the phase of the sampling clock ti is still far from its nominal value and if a small roll-off factor of the Nyquist filter is used, so that corresponding eye diagrams as decision criteria are very narrow.
- FIG. 15 shows a simulation of the output voltage of the Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase in 256-QAM, in decisions with a rectangular discriminator, which is sketched by thin curves, and with auxiliary symbols according to DE 102 49 492 A1, which is represented by thick curve is outlined. In this case, a normalization of the two curves to the same slope in the central area.
- the RoIl off factor of the Nyquist filter is 12%, no carrier frequency offset is present, and an average of 40,000 symbol transitions has been used.
- FIG 16 shows a simulation of the output voltage of the Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase in 256-QAM, decisions with a rectangular separator, shown as a thin curve, and with auxiliary symbols according to DE 102 49 492 A1, shown as a thick curve, FIG the normalization of the last image was retained and is also used in the other similar comparative measurements.
- a RoIl-off factor of the Nyquist filter is 12%, a carrier frequency offset is 1.6% of the symbol rate and an average of 40000 symbol transitions has been taken into account.
- an intersection point on a single auxiliary radius is determined for a received signal in a first step in the radial direction, namely in such a way that rotation is effected on the auxiliary radius up to a position in whose radial course an actual predetermined position is located for a possible icon.
- Auxiliary symbols are thus positioned with an auxiliary radius in the intersection of a radial axis which passes through an actually possible predetermined position of digital signals and output as preliminary symbols to the other components of the corresponding control circuit.
- the auxiliary radius can be dimensioned such that it itself does not intersect any of the possible predefined positions for actual digital signals or decidable symbols.
- An essential aspect of such a procedure is that the angle of the received signal is decided so that it falls on the angle of a set point of the respective Qm constellation. Such decided temporary auxiliary symbols are used in the described circuit arrangement only for the regulation of the equalizer.
- EP 1523144 shows a further circuit arrangement and method for deciding symbols in a manner known per se.
- the object of the invention is to propose a method or a circuit arrangement which enable the generation of a control voltage with preferably a correlation circuit according to Mueller-Müller and even with large phase error of the symbol sampling time and also work with not yet engaged carrier frequency and phase control.
- a method of deciding a decided symbol upon receipt of a received symbol coupled to a pair of quadrature signals in which the symbol is assigned to a particular setpoint of a plurality of setpoints in each plane spanned by the pair of quadrature signals, and each of the plurality of setpoints corresponds to a setpoint radius of a plurality of Sollradien is assigned, wherein on each of the set radii at least one of the setpoint points, and a receiving point of the received symbol on at least a predetermined fixed auxiliary radius a preliminary symbol is decided, the auxiliary radius independently of the
- Sollradien is selectable, wherein the provisional symbol is decided on a position below the angle of the reception point of the received symbol on the auxiliary radius.
- a method is also possible which can be used if none of the plurality of setpoint points lies on the auxiliary radius and if the angle of the reception point is unequal to an angle below which one of the decided symbols lies in the defined plane.
- a method is also possible which can be used in addition to these then formally excluded parameter ranges if at least one of the plurality of setpoints lies on the auxiliary radius and if another such angle of the reception point is equal to an angle below that of one of the decided symbols in FIG the level defined, as it is known in each case.
- a method is advantageous in which more than one such auxiliary radius is defined in the defined plane and the provisional symbol depends on the position of the received one Symbols in the plane spanned on one of the auxiliary radii or not decided.
- the provisional symbol is only decided if the received symbol lies in at least one region of the plane which is defined for the auxiliary radius or the respective one of the auxiliary radii.
- the provisional symbol is preferably decided only if the received symbol lies in at least one predetermined radius region of the defined plane.
- the provisional symbol is preferably decided only if the received symbol lies in at least one predetermined radius region of the plane spanned with a radius greater than half the distance of the maximum of the symbol positions along one of the axes of the quadrature signal pair, particularly preferably with a radius greater than the distance of the maximum of the symbol positions lies along one of the axes of the quadrature signal pair.
- An undecided received symbol may preferably be optionally unselected as the preliminary symbol instead of the preliminary symbol on the auxiliary radius.
- the preliminary symbol is preferably forwarded to subsequent process steps or components for sampling rate recovery.
- the preliminary symbol is preferably used for the equalizer and the determination of the sample clock.
- the preliminary symbol and a decided symbol for a target position for subsequent driving steps or components are mixed, in which case means the relative adding.
- a decision is designed to decide to a receiving point of the received symbol on at least a predetermined fixed auxiliary radius a preliminary symbol, wherein the auxiliary radius independently is selectable from the set radii, and wherein the decider decides the provisional symbol at a position below the angle of the reception point of the received symbol on the auxiliary radius.
- a circuit arrangement is also made possible which, in addition to these then formally excluded parameter ranges, takes into account if at least one of the plurality of setpoints lies on the auxiliary radius and if another such angle of the reception point is equal to an angle below that of one of the decided symbols in FIG spanned level, as it is known on its own.
- Such a circuit arrangement with a switching device which is designed to be advantageous when the threshold falls below or exceeds a threshold for sufficient adjustment accuracy between the forwarding of the preliminary symbol and a decided symbol for a target position to subsequent ones Switch process steps or components.
- the switching device can be designed to receive symbols of a first decider and an auxiliary decider and to forward a selected one of these symbols.
- a switching device which controls a single decider suitable, so that this outputs decided either for an auxiliary radius preliminary symbols or symbols for target positions decided symbols.
- provision may be made, e.g. also a circuit arrangement with instead of a switching device of a mixing device, which is designed to mix their results for a sufficient adjustment accuracy depending on the provisional symbol and a decided symbol for subsequent method steps or components.
- a clock controller is provided for providing a sampling clock to which the preliminary symbol is applied.
- provisional symbols which were provisionally decided under the same angular constellation, such as the angular constellation of the received signals, not only as an input signal of an equalizer but also as an input signal for a clock control device for providing a sampling clock.
- the method can be implemented in particular on a transmission of digital signals with QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), typical receiver concepts with complex downmixing into baseband, amplitude, carrier frequency / carrier phase and sampling rate control.
- QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
- the method is according to the method according to DE 102 49 492 Al modified so that auxiliary symbols are not generated on all desired radii, but only on some selected radii of reference as auxiliary radii, in extreme cases only on a single radius. There new symbols are generated at the angle of the input signal.
- the sample rate recovery circuit and the equalizer receive these preliminary symbols as "decided symbols". In extreme cases, the
- Such a procedure can be implemented, for example. for complex digital modulation methods like QAM. They are used by the new radio, television and data services via cable and z. T. also used terrestrial.
- Fig. 1 shows a plane spanned by quadrature signal components with symbols and Cartesian decision boundaries distributed therein in the first quadrant of 256-QAM to illustrate the basic idea of the preferred method
- Fig. 2 is an exemplary circuit arrangement for carrying out the preferred method
- FIG. 6 shows the plane spanned by the quadrature signal components according to a modified embodiment with an auxiliary radius and a decision area assigned to it;
- FIG. 7 shows control voltages with decisions for only large radii of such a modified embodiment
- Fig. 8 is a simulation of the output voltage of the Mueller-Müller correlator of such an embodiment
- FIG. 9 shows the first quadrant of the plane spanned by the quadrature signal components to illustrate a further modified embodiment with two auxiliary radii; 10 shows the first quadrant of the plane spanned by the quadrature signal components to illustrate a still further modified embodiment with two auxiliary radii;
- Fig. 11 is a circuit arrangement known per se for receiving QAM signals
- FIG. 12 shows components of a known Müller-Müller correlator for detecting errors at sampling instants
- FIG. 13 shows the first quadrant of the plane spanned by the quadrature signal components of 64-QAM for the purpose of illustrating a method according to the prior art according to DE 102 49 492;
- FIG. 14 shows the first quadrant of the plane spanned by the quadrature signal components to illustrate symbols, set radii and Cartesian decision boundaries according to 256-QAM;
- FIG. 15 shows an inherently known simulation of the output voltage of the known Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase in 256-QAM using the method according to DE 102 49 492;
- FIG. ' shows an inherently known simulation of the output voltage of the known Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase in 256-QAM using the method according to DE 102 49 492;
- FIG. ' shows an inherently known simulation of the output voltage of the known Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase in 256-QAM using the method according to DE 102 49 492;
- Fig. 1 shows the first quadrant spanned by quadrature signal components Q, I of 256-QAM along the coordinate axes with coordinate values x, y.
- target positions P P (x, y) on which sent and ideally also received symbols are.
- Cartesian decision boundaries are shown in the usual manner, which form a decision area for the respectively lying in this target position P upon receipt of a symbol.
- An essential element is a radius which runs as an auxiliary radius Rh, in particular with equidistant spacing around the origin of the coordinate system.
- the auxiliary radius is chosen so that it is also possible that none of the desired positions P (x, y) is on the auxiliary radius Rh. The choice of the auxiliary radius is thus not dependent on the desired positions.
- an example received signal value of a received symbol S which assumes an exemplary position Pe with receive coordinates xe, ye in the first quadrant.
- this received signal value or this received symbol S in the case of a control loop that has not yet been adjusted, actually corresponds to a desired position P ° (3,2) in an adjacent decision area and a symbol actually assigned to this desired position P ° (3,2) D ° would be assigned.
- the received symbol S is assigned to a position on the auxiliary radius Rh independently of the Cartesian decision boundaries.
- the position on the auxiliary radius Rh is set so that the provisionally decided symbol Dr is positioned at the same angle ⁇ on the auxiliary radius Rh which corresponds to the angle ⁇ of the received symbol S.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary circuit arrangement in which an A / D converter 1 is shown as an initiating component.
- a clock signal t and a received receive signal sa are input to the A / D converter.
- the A / D converter 1 converts the analog reception signal SA into a digita ⁇ ized or digital signal sd.
- the digital signal sd is output to a quadrature converter or mixer 2, which converts the digitized or digital signal sd into the baseband and splits it onto the two quadrature components I, Q.
- the signal output from the mixer 2 is applied to a gain controller 3 in a manner known per se.
- a signal amplified by the gain controller 3 is supplied to a low-pass filter 4, the output of which is supplied to a sampling means 5 to which a sampling clock ti is applied for sampling.
- a signal sampled with the sampling device 5 is output to a further low-pass filter 6, in particular a Nyquist filter, and filtered by it and applied to an equalizer (German: Entzer- rer) 7.
- the equalizer 7 outputs received signal values or received symbols S to a decision maker 8, which decides a symbol and outputs a decided symbol D.
- the decided symbol D is output on further circuits for further data processing, as is known per se.
- a circuit 9 for determining a phase difference ⁇ both the received signal value and the received symbol S and the decided symbol D are applied in order to determine the phase difference ⁇ between them.
- the phase difference ⁇ is applied to a frequency control device 10, FC, which is designed as a carrier control device.
- the frequency control device 10 controls, in a manner known per se, a local oscillator 11 which outputs two carriers offset by 90 ° to the mixer 2, so that the mixer 2 supplies the digital signal sd for providing the two quadrature components I , Q receives.
- these components can in a known manner also in a different order and Implementation be implemented.
- modifications in a manner known per se can also be implemented with regard to the further components.
- the circuit arrangement has an additional auxiliary decision block 12 to which the signal values or received symbols S output by the equalizer 7 are applied.
- the auxiliary decision block 12 carries out a method according to the procedure which is described with reference to FIG. 1 in order to decide on the received symbols S or the signal values of the equalizer 7 provisional symbols Dr as auxiliary symbols and to output these.
- Both the signal values or symbols S output by the equalizer 7 and the decided symbols D output by the decision maker 8 are applied to a clock control device 14 in the controlled state of the circuit arrangement.
- the timing controller 14 determines, in a manner known per se, the sampling clock ti which is applied to the sampling means 5. In this way, a clock control loop is formed.
- the decided symbols D are applied as a further input signal to the E-qualifier 7 for processing in a manner known per se.
- Both the provisional symbols Dr of the auxiliary decision maker 12 and the decided symbols D of the decision maker 8 are applied to a switching device 13, X which optionally either one of the applied preliminary symbol Dr or the applied decided symbol D to the clock control device 14 and to the equalizer 7 creates.
- the decision in the switching device 13 is made such that in non-steady or no longer steady clock control or equalizer 7, ie in particular when switching on the clock control circuit or the equalizer 7 of the circuit as long as the preliminary symbols Dr are forwarded until sufficient stability and the decided symbols D with sufficient accuracy lie on their desired radii.
- the switching device 13 then forwards the decided symbols D to the equalizer 7 and / or the clock control device 14.
- a mixing device can be used to mix their symbols Dr or D.
- a circuit arrangement with the decision maker 8 for deciding the decided symbols D and the other decision maker as Hilfsentscheider 12 for example, a circuit arrangement with only a single decider can be used, which is driven accordingly, either provisional symbols Dr or decided symbols D to decide.
- Such a single decider would then be driven by a control device to corresponding decisions, wherein the control device uses comparable criteria as the switching device 13, in particular Einregelphasen the decision criteria for deciding the provisional symbols Dr and in controlled circuit the decision criteria for the decided symbols D in Ent - to activate separators or to supply such decision criteria to the decider.
- FIG. 3 shows a corresponding simulation of the output voltage of the Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase or the sampling clock ti at 256-QAM, in the case of decisions with a rectangular discriminator, shown as a thin curve
- Ver ⁇ applies was an arbitrary normalization of the last signal and a roil-off factor of the Nyquist filter of 12% with no carrier frequency and phase offset.
- Each graph shows an average of 40000 symbol transitions.
- the control voltages according to the method according to DE 102 49 492 A1 and according to the present method are, in contrast to a control voltage, which is formed with decisions from the rectangular decision, independent of the position of the carrier frequency and phase, as with reference to FIG 4 is outlined.
- Shown in FIG. 4 is a simulation of the output voltage of the Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase in 256-QAM, in decisions with a rectangular separator, shown as a thin curve, decisions with auxiliary symbol according to DE 102 49 492 A1 as dashed curve, and decisions for symbols on only one radius GE measure the method of FIG. 1 and 2, shown as a thick curve, with arbitrary normalization of the last signal.
- the RoIl off factor of the Nyquist filter is 12% and the carrier frequency offset is 1.6% of the symbol rate, with each curve showing an average of 40000 symbol transitions.
- control voltages with symbols according to the preferred method as a simulation of the output voltage of the Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase at 256-QAM, a RoIl-off factor of the Nyquist filter of 12% and a carrier frequency offset 1 , 6% of the symbol rate for 10 trials with 1000 symbol transitions each.
- several equidistant or otherwise selected radii with their own decision zones can be used.
- Particularly advantageous is a method in which only signals with high absolute values are decided. All other signals are passed on undecided.
- Fig. 6 correspondingly shows the first quadrant of 256-QAM according to such a modified embodiment. While in FIG. 1 all received signal values or symbols S of a position corresponding to their received angle ⁇ are assigned to the auxiliary radius Rh as preliminarily decided symbols, according to the embodiment shown with reference to FIG. 6, only those received signal values or symbols S are decided as provisionally Symbols Dr or auxiliary symbols associated with the corresponding position on the auxiliary radius Rh, which are in a decision area with a radius value greater than or equal to the auxiliary radius Rh. Other signal values or received symbols remain unchanged in a decision according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 7 shows corresponding control voltages with decisions for only large radii, that is to say for received signal values or symbols S which lie in the outer region of the first quadrant.
- received signal values or symbols outside an auxiliary radius Rh are determined has a radial value equal to the outer position value of the Cartesian decision boundaries adjacent to the axes of the quadrature components Q, I or a corresponding desired position P (x, y).
- Shown here is a simulation of the output voltage of a Mueller-Müller correlator as a function of the sampling phase at 256-QAM with a RoIl-off factor of the Nyquist filter of 12% and a carrier frequency offset of 1.6% of the symbol rate at 10 Try with 1,000 symbol transitions each.
- FIG. 1 shows corresponding control voltages with decisions for only large radii, that is to say for received signal values or symbols S which lie in the outer region of the first quadrant.
- received signal values or symbols outside an auxiliary radius Rh has a radial value equal to the outer position
- FIG. 9 shows a first quadrant of 256-QAM, in which two auxiliary radii Rh, Rh * are arranged, whereby not necessarily set positions for decidable symbols must lie on them.
- received signal values or received symbols S having a position in an outer radius range lying between the auxiliary radii Rh, Rh * are assigned to the outer of the two auxiliary radii Rh, while received signal values or symbols S * with a position within the radii range are assigned to the smaller of the two auxiliary radii Rh *.
- auxiliary symbols or temporary symbols Dr are decided at the corresponding angles ⁇ , ⁇ * of the received signal values or symbols on the auxiliary radii Rh and Rh *, respectively.
- all received signal values or symbols S, S * are assigned to one of the two auxiliary radii Rh or Rh * for determining a corresponding setpoint position and a corresponding provisional symbol Dr or Dr *.
- the decision boundaries need not be in the middle between the radii, but otherwise can be chosen.
- the radii on which the auxiliary symbols lie do not need to lie in the middle or at the border to decision areas, but may be elsewhere within the complex plane.
- FIG. 10 shows by way of example the first quadrant of 256-QAM with likewise two auxiliary radii Rh, Rh *, in which case, for example, all received signal values or received symbols remain in a radius range between these two auxiliary radii Rh or Rh *.
- signal values received in the radius range between the two auxiliary radii Rh or Rh * can be forwarded as undecided symbols to the sampling recovery or clock control device 14 and the equalizer 7.
- the receiver by means of the switching device 13 in the locked state should preferably either a sampling rate control with a decision for an auxiliary symbol according to DE 102 494 92 Al, a Modified decision for an auxiliary symbol according to DE 102 494 92 A1 within the symbol boundaries of a symbol decision according to EP 1523144 or switched to a decision with a rectangular decision.
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- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08707048A EP2115988A1 (de) | 2007-01-16 | 2008-01-15 | Anwendung von vorläufig entschiedenen symbolen in einem quadraturempfänger |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007003108 | 2007-01-16 | ||
| EP2007004930 | 2007-06-04 | ||
| PCT/EP2008/000250 WO2008087004A1 (de) | 2007-01-16 | 2008-01-15 | Anwendung von vorläufig entschiedenen symbolen in einem quadraturempfänger |
| EP08707048A EP2115988A1 (de) | 2007-01-16 | 2008-01-15 | Anwendung von vorläufig entschiedenen symbolen in einem quadraturempfänger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2115988A1 true EP2115988A1 (de) | 2009-11-11 |
Family
ID=41153235
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08707048A Withdrawn EP2115988A1 (de) | 2007-01-16 | 2008-01-15 | Anwendung von vorläufig entschiedenen symbolen in einem quadraturempfänger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2115988A1 (de) |
-
2008
- 2008-01-15 EP EP08707048A patent/EP2115988A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008087004A1 * |
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