EP2115111B1 - Benzophenone or benzoic acid anilide derivatives containing carboxyl groups as enzyme stabilizers - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to detergents containing carboxyl-bearing benzophenone or benzoic acid anilide derivatives which act as protease inhibitors and are thus suitable enzyme stabilizers.

The use of enzymes in detergents is well established in the art. They serve to extend the range of services of the funds concerned according to their specific activities. These include in particular hydrolytic enzymes such as proteases, amylases, lipases and cellulases. The first three hydrolyze proteins, starches and fats and thus contribute directly to Schmutzentfemung. Cellulases are used in particular because of their tissue effect. Another group of detergent enzymes are oxidative enzymes, in particular oxidases, which, if appropriate, together with other components, preferably serve to bleach soiling or to produce the bleaching agents in situ. In addition to these enzymes, which are subjected to constant optimization, further enzymes are constantly being made available for use in detergents, in order in particular to be able to optimally treat special soiling, such as, for example, pectinases, β-glucanases, mannanases or further hemicellulases for the hydrolysis of, in particular, special vegetable polymers.

The enzymes that are the longest-established and contained in virtually all modern, high-performance detergents are proteases, and in particular serine proteases, which include the subtilases. They cause the degradation of protein-containing stains on the items to be cleaned. However, they also hydrolyze themselves (autoproteolysis) and all other proteins contained in the agents concerned, i. especially other enzymes. This happens especially during the cleaning process, i. in the aqueous wash liquor, if comparatively favorable reaction conditions are present. However, this also happens during the storage of the respective agent, which is why with increasing storage time always a certain loss of enzyme activities, such as the protease activity, accompanied. In general, the enzyme activity in the detergent is inversely proportional to the storage time, with increasing storage time the enzyme activity decreases more and more. This is particularly problematic in gel or liquid and in particular in water-containing formulations, because in this with the water contained both the reaction medium and the hydrolysis reagent are available.

One goal in the development of detergents is therefore to stabilize the enzymes contained, especially during storage. Below that is the protection understood against various unfavorable influences, such as against denaturation or decay by physical influences or oxidation. One focus of these developments is the protection of the contained proteins and / or enzymes against proteolytic cleavage. This can be done by the construction of physical barriers, such as by encapsulation of the enzymes in special enzyme granules or by packaging the means in two- or multi-chamber systems. Another frequently approached approach is to add chemical compounds to the agents which inhibit the proteases and thus act collectively as stabilizers for the proteases and the other proteins and enzymes contained. It must be reversible protease inhibitors, since the protease activity is only temporarily, especially during storage, but not be suppressed during the cleaning process.

Polyols, in particular glycerol and 1,2-propylene glycol, benzamidine hydrochloride, borax, boric acids, boronic acids or their salts or esters are established as reversible protease inhibitors in the prior art. These include, in particular, derivatives with aromatic groups, for example ortho, meta or para-substituted phenylboronic acids, in particular 4-formylphenylboronic acid (4-FPBA) or the salts or esters of the abovementioned compounds. A particularly good protection results when boric acid derivatives are used together with polyols, since they can then form a complex stabilizing the enzyme. Also peptide aldehydes, that is oligopeptides with reduced C-terminus, especially those of 2 to 50 monomers, are described for this purpose. Among the peptidic reversible protease inhibitors include ovomucoid and leupeptin. Also, specific, reversible peptide inhibitors and fusion proteins from proteases and specific peptide inhibitors are used for this purpose.

However, polyols such as glycerol and 1,2-propylene glycol have proved to be unfavorable due to their high concentrations of use necessary, because the other active ingredients of the respective agents can thus be contained only in proportionally smaller proportions.

Boric acid derivatives occupy an outstanding position among the serine protease inhibitors, which are effective at comparatively low concentrations. For example, the international patent application discloses WO 96/21716 A1 that acting as protease inhibitors boric acid derivatives are also suitable to stabilize enzymes in detergents. A selection of particularly powerful stabilizers are disclosed in the international patent application WO 96/41859 A1 ,

Regardless of their stabilizing effect, however, the boric acid derivatives have a decisive disadvantage. Many boric acid derivatives, such as borate, form with some other detergent ingredients unwanted by-products, so that they are no longer available for the desired cleaning purpose in the agents or even remain as an impurity on the laundry.

It was therefore the task of identifying boron-free chemical compounds which act as protease inhibitors and are thus suitable as enzyme stabilizers in detergents.

Here, the use in total liquid, gel or pasty detergents was of particular interest, and including in particular those containing water.

• Waschmittel, enthaltend eine Protease und eine Verbindung der allgemeinen Strukturformel:
  
  in der
  1. (a) X für eine Carbonylgruppe (C=O) oder eine Säureamidgruppe (NHCO) steht,
  2. (b) R1, R2, R3, R4 und R5 (in Ring 1) für Wasserstoff (H), eine Carboxyl- (COOH), eine Methyl- (CH₃), eine Ethyl- (C₂H₅), eine Hydroxyl- (OH), eine Hydroxymethyl- (CH₂OH), eine Aminogruppe (NH₂) und/oder ein Halogen stehen, wobei in diesem Ring mindestens eine Carboxylgruppe (COOH) vorliegt,
  3. (c) R6, R7, R8, R9 und R10 (in Ring 2) für Wasserstoff (H), eine Carboxyl- (COOH), eine Methyl- (CH₃), eine Ethyl- (C₂H₅), eine Hydroxyl- (OH), eine Hydroxymethyl- (CH₂OH), eine Aminogruppe (NH₂) und/oder ein Halogen stehen, wobei in diesem Ring mindestens eine Carboxylgruppe (COOH) vorliegt, und
  4. (d) optional zwei der Reste R1 bis R10 (A) und (B), die zueinander orthoständig sind, (A) eine in (b) und/oder (c) genannte obligatorische oder gegebenenfalls weitere Carboxylgruppe (COOH) und (B) eine Hydroxymethylgruppe sind, die als solche Gruppen oder optional als Gruppierung -CH₂-O-CO- vorliegen und somit zusammen mit den sie tragenden C-Atomen des Rings ein fünfgliedriges Lacton darstellen.

This task is solved by the following means:

• Detergent containing a protease and a compound of the general structural formula:
  
  in the
  1. (a) X represents a carbonyl group (C =O) or an acid amide group (NHCO),
  2. (b) R 1, R ₂ , R ₃ , R _{4 and} R ₅ (in ring 1) represent hydrogen (H), a carboxyl (COOH), a methyl (CH ₃ ), an ethyl (C ₂ H ₅ ), a hydroxyl (OH), a hydroxymethyl (CH ₂ OH), an amino group (NH ₂ ) and / or a halogen, in which ring at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present,
  3. (c) R 6, R 7, R 8, R 9 and R 10 (in ring 2) for hydrogen (H), a carboxyl (COOH), a methyl (CH ₃ ), an ethyl (C ₂ H ₅ ), a hydroxyl - (OH), a hydroxymethyl (CH ₂ OH), an amino group (NH ₂ ) and / or a halogen, in which ring at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present, and
  4. (d) optionally two of the radicals R 1 to R 10 (A) and (B) which are ortho-stable with one another, (A) a compulsory or optionally further carboxyl group (COOH) and (B) mentioned in (b) and / or (c) are a hydroxymethyl group which exist as such groups or optionally as a grouping -CH ₂ -O-CO- and thus together with the C atoms of the ring carrying them represent a five-membered lactone.

Under a detergent according to the invention are all means to understand that are suitable for washing textiles in particular. Suitable ingredients for this purpose are detailed below.

According to the invention, a protease is to be understood as meaning all enzymes which are capable of hydrolyzing acid amide linkages of proteins. The proteases are also detailed below.

The compound represented by the general structural formula is an aromatic compound having two benzene rings linked by a keto or an acid amide group according to the feature (a). It is thus a benzophenone or benzoic acid anilide derivative.

This benzophenone derivative can according to the features (b) and (c) in both rings as radicals R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 (in ring 1) or R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 (in ring 2) Hydrogen (H), a carboxyl (COOH), a methyl (CH ₃ ), an ethyl (C ₂ H ₅ ), a hydroxyl (OH), a hydroxymethyl (CH ₂ OH), an amino (NH) ₂ ) and / or carry a halogen. The prerequisite is that in each of the two rings at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present.

The same applies to such a Benzoesäureanilid derivative. Here, the rings 1 and 2 can be distinguished, ring 1 being the one which can be attributed to the benzoic acid or its substitution product, and ring 2 being the one which can be attributed to the aniline or its substitution product. Also, this Benzoesäureanilid derivative as R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 (in ring 1) or R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 (in ring 2) hydrogen (H), a carboxyl (COOH), a Methyl (CH ₃ ), an ethyl (C ₂ H ₅ ), a hydroxyl (OH), a hydroxymethyl (CH ₂ OH), an amino group (NH ₂ ) and / or a halogen carry. In turn, it is a prerequisite that at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present in each of the two rings.

Also relevant to the invention according to feature (d) is a benzophenone or benzoic acid anilide derivative which has in one of the two rings 1 or 2 as possible substituents two of the radicals R 1 to R 10 (A) and (B) which are ortho-stable with one another ( A) a mandatory or optionally further carboxyl group (COOH) mentioned in (b) and / or (c) and (B) are a hydroxymethyl group present as such groups or optionally as a grouping -CH ₂ -O-CO- and thus together represent a five-membered lactone with the C atoms of the ring carrying them.

It is thus possible that two of the substituents (A) and (B) according to (b) and (c) are a carboxyl group (COOH) or a hydroxymethyl group, respectively, in a ring immediately adjacent, ie orthostatic to each other and are present in the form of the hydroxyl group and the carboxymethyl group side by side. In this case, it may happen that these two groups together form a lactone and bind in lactone form to the protease to be inhibited. It is also possible that the binding takes place without prior formation of the lactone form. It is also possible for the realization of the present invention to predetermine the lactone form during the synthesis and to add the already formed lactone as stabilizer to the agent in question. The most suitable form is to be determined experimentally on the basis of the protease to be inhibited and of the envisaged stabilizer, which does not pose any fundamental difficulties for the person skilled in the art.

In the counting of the carboxyl groups according to the features (b) and (c) and the preferred embodiments relating to the number of carboxyl groups contained per molecule, this lactone carboxyl group is counted as a carboxyl group according to feature (b) and (c), respectively but may also be present in addition to another, carboxyl group.

The present invention encompasses the compounds mentioned in all protonated and / or deprotonated forms. In particular, the carboxyl group (s) (COOH) and optionally the amino group (s) (NH ₂ ) are present depending on the pH of the surrounding medium as carboxylate (COO ^- ) or as ammonium groups (NH ₃ ⁺ ). Optionally, oppositely charged cations (H ⁺ , Na ⁺ , K ⁺ or the like) or anions (Cl ^- , Br ^- , formate, acetate, etc.) are present. In all these forms, the present invention can be realized. Decisive in each case is the interaction between the invention-relevant compound and the invention to be inhibited / stabilizing protease.

Without wishing to be bound by this theory, it is assumed according to the invention that the compounds relevant to the invention form a complex with the protease to be inhibited / stabilized according to the invention. This probably looks like that the invention-relevant compound is incorporated in the substrate binding pocket of the protease and non-covalently bound there. In this way, the active site of the protease is blocked by a compound which is not hydrolyzable by this enzyme and is not available for hydrolysis of other proteins present. This is a reversible bond, ie a balance between association and dissociation. The equilibrium coefficient of this reaction is called the inhibition constant or K _i .

The first advantage of the compounds relevant to the invention over the prior art, in addition to their lower volume requirement compared with the polyols, is that they have favorable inhibition constants with respect to the proteases which can be used in detergents. This applies, for example, to serine proteases, but also to metalloproteases. The inhibitors thus bind reversibly, i. they do not interfere with solid and not too loose transient interactions with the enzyme. Advantageously, the majority of the protease relevant to the invention is thus present during storage in the form of a protease-inhibitor complex. The protease and possibly other proteins contained, in particular other enzymes are protected in this way against proteolysis by this enzyme (stabilized against proteolysis). On the other hand, at the moment of dilution of the agent according to the invention with water to produce an aqueous washing or cleaning liquor during the purification process, the binding equilibrium is shifted in the direction of dissociation, so that the complex dissolves and most of the protease protease protease is proteolytically active. Thus, the compounds relevant to the invention are functioning protease inhibitors and thus enzyme stabilizers for detergents in accordance with the task formulated.

The second advantage of the invention relevant compounds over the prior art is that they have as elements only C, H, N and O and optionally halides and / or sulfur and in particular are free of boron. They thus do not form the undesirable boron by-products with other detergent ingredients.

Furthermore, they have a good water solubility, in particular due to the carboxyl groups contained in each aromatic ring, so that they can be easily incorporated into corresponding agents and precipitation during storage is avoided.

In principle, the compounds mentioned are presumed to act as reversible inhibitors because they bind the substrate of the proteases, in particular with regard to the acid amide bond to be hydrolyzed, structurally same. Conversely, in principle all proteases can be inhibited by the compounds relevant to the invention, so that they are suitable as protease inhibitors according to the invention. This applies in particular to serine proteases, as has been shown with reference to the examples of the present application with the positive effect of the compounds experimentally described there on the basis of serine proteases, specifically subtilases, even more specific subtilisins, namely a variant of the subtilisin from Bacillus lentus DSM 5483.

• die Verwendung einer oben beschriebenen Verbindung als reversibler Inhibitor und/oder Stabilisator einer Protease, im Rahmen einer Waschmittelrezeptur;
• Waschverfahren, in dem eine Protease zur Wirkung kommt, die mit einer oben beschriebenen Verbindung inhibiert und/oder stabilisiert ist;
• die Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Waschmittels zum Waschen und/oder Reinigen von Textilien sowie
• die Verwendung einer Protease und einer oben beschriebenen Verbindung zur Herstellung eines Waschmittels.

Further objects of the present invention relate to:

• the use of a compound described above as a reversible inhibitor and / or stabilizer of a protease, as part of a detergent formulation;
• A washing method in which a protease which is inhibited and / or stabilized with a compound described above is effective;
• the use of a detergent according to the invention for washing and / or cleaning textiles as well as
• the use of a protease and a compound described above for the preparation of a detergent.

2-(4-Carboxybenzoyl)-Benzoesäure b)

3,3'-Carbonylbis-Benzoesäure c)

2-(3-Carboxybenzoyl)-Benzoesäure d)

4,4'-Carbonylbis-Benzoesäure e)

2,2'-Carbonylbis-Benzoesäure f)

3-(4-Carboxybenzoyl)-Benzoesäure g)

2-[[(3-Carboxyphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-Benzoesäure h)

2-[[(4-Carboxyphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-Benzoesäure i)

2-[(2-Carboxybenzoyl)amino]-Benzoesäure j)

2-Amino-2',4-carbonylbis-Benzoesäure k)

3-[[(4-Carboxyphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-Benzoesäure l)

4-[(4-Carboxybenzoyl)amino]-Benzoesäure m)

4-(2-Carboxybenzoyl)-1,2-Benzoldicarboxylsäure n)

2-(2-Carboxybenzoyl)-1,4-Benzold icarboxylsäu re o)

2-(4-Carboxybenzoyl)-1,4-Benzoldicarboxylsäure p)

4-(3-Carboxybenzoyl)-1,2-Benzoldicarboxylsäure r)

2-[[(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl)amino]carbonyl]-Benzoesäure s)

2-[[(1,3-Dihydro-1-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl)amino]carbonyl]-Benzoesäure With particular preference, in all aspects according to the invention, the stabilizing compound is selected from one of the following stabilizers: structural formula Surname a)

2- (4-carboxybenzoyl) benzoic acid b)

3,3'-carbonyl-benzoic acid c)

2- (3-carboxybenzoyl) benzoic acid d)

4,4'-carbonylbis-benzoic acid e)

2,2'-carbonyl-benzoic acid f)

3- (4-carboxybenzoyl) benzoic acid G)

2 - [[(3-carboxyphenyl) amino] carbonyl] -benzoic acid H)

2 - [[(4-carboxyphenyl) amino] carbonyl] -benzoic acid i)

2 - [(2-carboxybenzoyl) amino] benzoic acid j)

2-amino-2 ', 4-carbonylbis-benzoic acid k)

3 - [[(4-carboxyphenyl) amino] carbonyl] -benzoic acid l)

4 - [(4-carboxybenzoyl) amino] benzoic acid m)

4- (2-carboxybenzoyl) -1,2-Benzoldicarboxylsäure n)

2- (2-carboxybenzoyl) -1,4-benzene icarboxylic acid O)

2- (4-carboxybenzoyl) -1,4-Benzoldicarboxylsäure p)

4- (3-carboxybenzoyl) -1,2-Benzoldicarboxylsäure r)

2 - [[(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl) amino] carbonyl] -benzoic acid s)

2 - [[(1,3-dihydro-1-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl) amino] carbonyl] -benzoic acid

Such detergents are preferred according to the invention in which the stabilizing compound has an inhibition constant (Ki) of 0.01 to 10 mM, preferably 0.1 to 5, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2, with respect to the protease contained.

• Für die Charakterisierung eines reversiblen Inhibitors der enzymatischen Aktivität, ist die Inhibitionskonstante K_i eine charakteristische und entscheidende Größe. K_i beschreibt das Gleichgewicht zwischen Enzym, Inhibitor und Enzym-Inhibitor Komplex für eine reversible Bindung. Der Enzym-Inhibitor Komplex ist dabei katalytisch nicht aktiv und inhibiert die Reaktion durch Herabsetzung der Konzentration von freiem Enzym, das noch zur Bindung von Substrat zur Verfügung steht. Der Ki ist dementsprechend definiert als: $${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{i}}=\left[\mathrm{l}\right]\mathrm{x}\left[\mathrm{E}\right]/\left[\mathrm{El}\right]$$
  

The inhibition constant K _i can be determined in the following way:

• For the characterization of a reversible inhibitor of enzymatic activity, the inhibition constant K _{i is} a characteristic and decisive factor. K _i describes the equilibrium between enzyme, inhibitor and enzyme-inhibitor complex for reversible binding. The enzyme-inhibitor complex is catalytically inactive and inhibits the reaction by reducing the concentration of free enzyme that is still available for binding of substrate. The ki is accordingly defined as: $${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{i}}=\left[\mathrm{l}\right]\mathrm{x}\left[\mathrm{e}\right]/\left[\mathrm{El}\right]$$
  

Therein, [E], [I] and [EI] represent the respective molar equilibrium concentrations of enzyme (E), inhibitor (I) and the enzyme-inhibitor complex (EI). According to this definition, a substance with a small Ki is a good inhibitor under the respective test conditions.

The determination of K _i is carried out on the basis of the activity test of the protease in the presence of the corresponding inhibitor. About the Michaelis-Menten kinetics established in the prior art and known to those skilled in the art ( Leonor Michaelis, Maud Menten (1913). The kinetics of invertin action, Biochem. Z. 49: 333-369 ), the enzymatic parameters K _m , and k _{cat are determined} in the presence of various concentrations of the inhibitor. For a Michaelis-Menten kinetics is simplified:

• E: Enzym
• S: Substrat
• ES: Enzym-Substrat-Komplex
• P: Produkt
• k₁,k_-1,k₂: Geschwindigkeitskonstanten

Herein mean:

• E: enzyme
• S: substrate
• ES: enzyme-substrate complex
• P: product
• k ₁ , k _-1 , k ₂ : rate constants

Here, k _{2 is} a measure of the maximum reaction rate at substrate saturation (Vmax), also called turnover number, molecular activity, turnover number or kcat (kcat = Vmax / [Eo], where [Eo] is the initial concentration of the enzyme). The Michaelis constant (ie the substrate concentration present at half-saturation, where the rate of turnover is thus v = Vmax / 2), is too high
K _m = k _-1 / k ₁ (Michaelis-Menten case, given if k ₂ << k ₁ ) or more generally
K _m = k _-1 + k ₂ / k ₁ (Briggs-Haldane situation, given for the case that k ₂ can not be neglected compared to k ₁ ).

The saturation function of a "Michaelis-Menten enzyme" is calculated using the parameters Km and Vmax as follows: $$\mathrm{v}=\frac{{\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{Max}}\cdot \left[\mathrm{S}\right]}{{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{m}}+\left[\mathrm{S}\right]}$$

• vmax: maximale Geschwindigkeit [mol l-1 s-1]
• Km: Michaelis-Menten-Konstante [mol l-1]
• [S]: Substratkonzentration [mol l-1]

Herein: v: formation rate of P (v = "velocity") [mol l-1 s-1]

• vmax: maximum velocity [mol l-1 s-1]
• Km: Michaelis-Menten constant [mol l-1]
• [S]: substrate concentration [mol l-1]

By determining the initial catalysis rate (V _Anf. ) - for proteases of the initial hydrolysis rate - at different substrate concentrations [S] and fitting the experimental data into Equation 1 below, the inhibition constant K _{i is} obtained. $${\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{anf}\mathrm{,}}={\mathrm{k}}_{\mathrm{cat}}\mathrm{x}\left[\mathrm{S}\right]\mathrm{x}{\mathrm{e}}_{\mathrm{0}}/\left({\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{m}}\mathrm{x}\left(\mathrm{1}+\left[\mathrm{l}\right]/{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{i}}\right)+\mathrm{S}\right)$$

Here again [1] stands for the inhibitor concentration.

Alternatively, K _l can be calculated using the Cheng-Prusoff equation ( Equation 2, Cheng Y., Prusoff WH (1973) Biochem. Pharmacol. 22, 3099-3108 ) are determined via the IC ₅₀ value. The determination of the IC ₅₀ via the determination of the catalytic activity to a substrate in the presence of various concentrations of the inhibitor and the fitting of the experimental data to a sigmoidal dose-response with variable slope equation (pseudo-Hill slopes). It is the inhibitor concentration needed to achieve 50% inhibition.

K _i results from the following equation 2: $${\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{i}}={\mathrm{IC}}_{\mathrm{50}}/\left(\mathrm{1}+\left[\mathrm{S}\right]/{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{d}}\right)$$

Therein, [S] is the substrate concentration in the assay and K _{d is} the dissociation constant for the substrate, which at the IC ₅₀ concentration of the inhibitor can be considered to be identical to K _m for the substrate.

The K _l values which can be determined in this way characterize the compound with respect to the enzyme used. In Example 1, the residual activity of a protease, namely the Bacillus lentus alkaline protease F49 (according to WO 95/23221 A1 ) in the presence of an inhibitor. Since this is a typical subtilisin protease, the values obtained with this enzyme are also typical of other serine proteases, in particular other subtilisin proteases. The exact value for a protease of interest must be determined in doubt on the basis of each specific protease.

In detergents according to the invention, which are present in a preferred embodiment in predominantly solid form and in a second embodiment in predominantly liquid, pasty or gel form, the protease is in particular in a content of 2 .mu.g to 20 mg per g of the agent, preferably 5 .mu.g to 17.5 mg per g of the agent, more preferably from 20 μg to 15 mg per g of the agent, most preferably from 50 μg to 10 μg of the agent.

The stabilizer is contained in agents according to the invention in particular in a content of up to 50 mg per g of the agent, preferably up to 10 mg, more preferably up to 7 mg, most preferably up to 5 mg per g of the agent. Furthermore, it is preferred that the stabilizer in a content of 0.01 to 100 x K _i (based on the protease contained), preferably 0.1 to 10 x K _{l more} preferably 1 to 5 x K _{i is} included.

The molar ratio of stabilizer to protease is preferably in the range from 1: 1 to 1000: 1, in particular from 1: 1 to 500: 1, particularly preferably from 1: 1 to 100: 1, very particularly preferably from 1: 1 to 20 :1.

In addition to the stabilizer according to the general formula given above, an agent according to the invention may contain at least one further stabilizer. In a further embodiment of the invention, the detergent is thus characterized in that it contains at least one further stabilizer. In such an agent, therefore, there are at least two compounds which cause stabilization of a contained enzyme, preferably a protease. Preferably, these compounds act synergistically, ie the stabilization effect achieved by both compounds exceeds the sum of the two individual stabilization effects. In a preferred embodiment, the stabilizer (s) is one or more polyols, in particular glycerol or 1,2-ethylene glycol, an antioxidant, lactate or one or more lactate derivatives or combinations thereof. It is likewise preferably one or more of those enzyme-stabilizing or inhibiting compounds which are described in the international patent applications WO 07/113241 A1 or WO 02/008398 are disclosed.

The protease stabilized or reversibly inhibited according to the invention is preferably a serine protease, in particular a subtilase, more preferably a subtilisin.

Examples of such proteases are the subtilisins BPN 'and Carlsberg, the protease PB92, the subtilisins 147 and 309, the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus, subtilisin DY and the enzymes thermitase, proteinase K which can no longer be assigned to the subtilisins in the narrower sense and the proteases TW3 and TW7. Subtilisin Carlsberg is available in a further developed form under the trade name Alcalase® from Novozymes A / S, Bagsværd, Denmark. The subtilisins 147 and 309 are sold under the trade names Esperase®, and Savinase® by the company Novozymes. From the protease from Bacillus lentus DSM 5483 derived under the name BLAP® protease variants derived.

Other proteases are, for example, under the trade names Durazym ^®, relase ^®, Everlase® ^®, Nafizym, Natalase ^®, Kannase® ^® and Ovozymes ^® from Novozymes, under the trade names Purafect ^®, Purafect ^® OxP and Properase.RTM ^® from Genencor , under the trade name Protosol® ^® from Advanced Biochemicals Ltd., Thane, India, under the trade name Wuxi ^® from Wuxi Snyder Bioproducts Ltd., China, under the trade names Proleather® ^® and protease P ^® from Amano Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, and the enzyme available under the name Proteinase K-16 from Kao Corp., Tokyo, Japan.

Surprisingly, it has been found that such proteases are particularly well stabilized or reversibly inhibited by the compounds described. In addition, certain variants of proteases, i. also variants of said proteases, stabilized by these compounds particularly advantageous. Such protease variants are part of the invention described below.

A protease stabilized or reversibly inhibited according to the invention can be a wild-type enzyme or a protease variant. Under wild-type enzyme is to be understood that the enzyme is present in a naturally occurring organism or in a natural habitat can be isolated from this. However, enzymes are modifiable and sometimes selectively modified, in particular in order to adapt their properties to the intended uses or to influence their catalytic activity. These changes often occur by altering the amino acid sequence of the enzyme. Such changes can be targeted and thus local or random, for example, by random mutagenesis done. An enzyme variant is understood as meaning enzymes which have been generated from an initial enzyme, for example a wild-type enzyme, by altering the amino acid sequence. The alteration of the amino acid sequence is preferably carried out by mutations, wherein amino acid substitutions, deletions, insertions or combinations thereof may be made. The incorporation of such mutations into proteins is well known in the art and to those skilled in the art of enzyme technology. In principle, all enzymes can be changed in this way. Protease variants are preferred according to the invention. These were generated from an initial protease, for example a wild-type protease, by altering the amino acid sequence, preferably amino acid substitutions, deletions, insertions or combinations thereof. However, the starting protease does not necessarily have to be a naturally occurring wild-type protease; a protease known from the prior art in which changes have already been made can also be further developed and therefore again serve as an initial protease for generating further protease variants. Thus, for example, all of the proteases described above may be used unchanged in agents according to the invention and be stabilized by the compounds described. However, they can also be the starting enzyme for a variant which is then contained in an agent according to the invention and stabilized by the compounds described.

• Die Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BPN'),
• Die Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus licheniformis (Subtilisin Carlsberg),
• Die Alkalische Protease PB92,
• Subtilisin 147 und/oder Subtilisin 309 (Savinase)
• Die Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus lentus, vorzugsweise aus Bacillus lentus DSM 5483,
• Die Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus alcalophilus (DSM 11233),
• die Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus gibsonii (DSM 14391) oder eine hierzu mindestens zu 70% identische Alkalische Protease,
• die Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus sp. (DSM 14390) oder eine hierzu mindestens zu 98,5% identische Alkalische Protease,
• die Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus sp. (DSM 14392) oder eine hierzu mindestens zu 98,1% identische Alkalische Protease,
• die Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus gibsonii (DSM 14393) oder eine hierzu mindestens zu 70% identische Alkalische Protease.

Among all proteases or variants described further preferred is the wild-type enzyme or the starting enzyme of the variant:

• The alkaline protease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BPN '),
• The alkaline protease from Bacillus licheniformis (subtilisin Carlsberg),
• Alkaline Protease PB92,
• Subtilisin 147 and / or subtilisin 309 (Savinase)
• The alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus, preferably from Bacillus lentus DSM 5483,
• The alkaline protease from Bacillus alcalophilus (DSM 11233),
• the alkaline protease from Bacillus gibsonii (DSM 14391) or an at least 70% identical alkaline protease,
• the alkaline protease from Bacillus sp. (DSM 14390) or at least 98.5% identical alkaline protease,
• the alkaline protease from Bacillus sp. (DSM 14392) or an at least 98.1% identical alkaline protease,
• the alkaline protease from Bacillus gibsonii (DSM 14393) or an at least 70% identical alkaline protease.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the detergent is therefore characterized in that the protease has been obtained from an initial protease by at least one change of an amino acid, the change being a substitution, insertion or deletion of an amino acid, and at least to the starting protease at the amino acid level 90%, preferably at least 92.5%, more preferably at least 95%, and most preferably at least 97.5% is identical.

Methods for carrying out and producing sequence comparisons, so-called alignments, are known to the person skilled in the art of enzyme technology. By means of such sequence comparisons, for example, the identity or homology values are determined for sequences to be compared. Such a comparison is accomplished by associating similar sequences in the nucleotide or amino acid sequences of the proteins of interest. This is called homologization. A tabular assignment of the respective positions is referred to as alignment. In the analysis of nucleotide sequences, in turn, both are complementary Strands and in each case all three possible reading frames to be considered; as well as the degeneracy of the genetic code and the organism-specific use of codons (codon usage). Meanwhile, alignments are created using computer programs, such as the algorithms FASTA or BLAST; This procedure is for example by DJ Lipman and WR Pearson (1985) in Science, Vol. 227, pp. 1435-1441 described.

A summary of all matching positions in the compared sequences is called a consensus sequence.

Such a comparison also allows a statement about the similarity or homology of the compared sequences to each other. This is represented in percent identity, that is the proportion of identical nucleotides or amino acid residues at the same or in an alignment corresponding positions. A broader concept of homology includes the conserved amino acid substitutions in this value. It then speaks of percent similarity. Such statements can be made about whole proteins or genes or only over individual areas.

Homologous regions of different proteins are defined by matches in amino acid sequence. These can also be identified by identical function. It goes as far as complete identities in the smallest areas, so-called boxes, which contain only a few amino acids and usually perform essential functions for the overall activity. The functions of the homologous regions are to be understood as the smallest partial functions of the function carried out by the entire protein, such as, for example, the formation of individual hydrogen bonds for the complexation of a substrate or transition complex.

In particular, such sequence comparisons or alignments also serve to determine mutually corresponding positions in different molecules. Thus, for example, in an alignment of different enzymes, it can be determined which positions in the respective amino acid or nucleic acid sequence correspond to one another, even if the respective sequences have, for example, different total lengths or different domains or partial sequences or if additional amino acids or nucleotides are present within a sequence are. A specific position in a first sequence can therefore be concretely assigned to a corresponding position in a second sequence, whereby it is quite possible for the positions corresponding to one another to be located at different locations in the molecule. Further, different amino acid residues may be present at the corresponding positions. Therefore, for such sequence comparisons or for determining a Specifically stated position, which position it is and which enzyme is assumed, that is, which counting method of determining position is to be based.

For the following subjects of the invention, the amino acid sequence of the mature protein of the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus DSM 5483 is used for determining the position, which is described in International Published Patent Application WO 91/02792 A1 and has a length of 269 amino acid residues (referred to in the present application as Bacillus lentus alkaline protease).

In a further embodiment of the invention, the detergent is characterized in that the protease was obtained from an initial protease by at least one change of an amino acid, the change being a substitution or insertion of an amino acid in that region of the amino acid sequence corresponding to positions 95 to 103 of the amino acid sequence Assigned alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus in an alignment.

Such a protease variant is particularly preferably a variant with an insertion of a single amino acid according to one or more of the positions 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102 and / or 103 and very particularly preferably between positions 97 and 98 and / or positions 99 and 100.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the detergent is characterized in that the protease has been obtained from an initial protease by at least one modification of an amino acid corresponding to the positions 3, 4, 36, 42, 43, 47, 56, 61, 69, 87, 96, 99, 101, 102, 104, 114, 118, 120, 130, 139, 141, 142, 154, 157, 188, 193, 199, 205, 211, 224, 229, 236, 237, 242, 243, 250, 253, 255 and 268 of the Bacillus lentus alkaline protease are associated in an alignment, wherein the alteration is a substitution, insertion or deletion of an amino acid.

More preferably, an amino acid change relative to the parent molecule occurs in one or more of the following positions: 3, 4, 43, 61, 188, 193, 199, 211, 224, 250 and 253 (count according to Bacillus lentus alkaline protease), more preferably with one or more of the amino acid substitutions X3T, X4I, X43V, X61A, X188P, X193M, X199I, X211L, X211D, X211E, X211G, X211N or X211Q, X224V, X250G and / or X253N. In particular, the protease is a variant with a point mutation at position 211, preferably with a substitution of a single amino acid in this position, more preferably with the amino acid substitution X211 L. The above positional information relates in turn to those amino acid residues which are assigned to said positions of the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus in an alignment.

Agents according to the invention may contain, in addition to the protease, one or more further enzymes, in particular from the following group: one or more further proteases, amylases, hemicellulases, cellulases, lipases and oxidoreductases. The amylase is preferably an α-amylase. The hemicellulase is preferably a β-glucanase, a pectinase, a pullulanase and / or a mannanase. The cellulase is preferably a cellulase mixture or a one-component cellulase, preferably or predominantly an endoglucanase and / or a cellobiohydrolase. The oxidoreductase is preferably an oxidase, in particular a choline oxidase, or a perhydrolase.

Agents according to the invention preferably comprise at least one complexing agent and / or builder substances, the builder being in particular a zeolite builder, and / or a nonionic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant preferably being a hydroxy mixed ether, and / or optical Brightener, wherein the optical brightener is diphenyl compounds, in particular distyryl biphenyl derivatives, and / or stilbentriazine derivatives.

Examples example 1 Examination of protease residual activity in the presence of an inhibitor

To demonstrate that the compounds listed below exert a protease activity-inhibiting effect, the residual proteolytic activity of Bacillus lentus alkaline protease F49 (according to US Pat WO 95/23221 A1 ) in the presence of these compounds.

In parallel reactions, in 100 mM Tris buffer, pH 6.8, 0.1% (w / v) BrijTM35, the substrate succinyl alanine-alanine-proline-phenylalanine-para-nitroanilide (AAPFpNA; Bachem L-1400) and 5 x 10 ^-9 and 1 x 10 ^-8 M of the protease presented. Added to this were listed in Table 1 compounds to be tested in a final concentration of 10 mM. They were each dissolved in anhydrous DMSO, with effects of DMSO on enzymatic activity being corrected via the corresponding reference with the same amount of DMSO but without the compound in question. The incubation was carried out for 5 min at pH 8.6 and 25 ° C. 1 U corresponds to 1 μmol of cleaved substrate per minute.

• V1: 2-[[(3-carboxyphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-Benzoesäure
• V2: 2-[(2-carboxybenzoyl)amino]-Benzoesäure
• V3: 2-[[(4-carboxyphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-Benzoesäure
• V4: 2-(4-carboxybenzoyl)-Benzoesäure
• V5: 4-(2-carboxybenzoyl)-1,2-Benzoldicarboxylsäure

In this way, the following compounds were investigated:

• V1: 2 - [[(3-carboxyphenyl) amino] carbonyl] benzoic acid
• V2: 2 - [(2-carboxybenzoyl) amino] benzoic acid
• V3: 2 - [[(4-carboxyphenyl) amino] carbonyl] benzoic acid
• V4: 2- (4-carboxybenzoyl) benzoic acid
• V5: 4- (2-carboxybenzoyl) -1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid

They all resulted in a residual activity of the protease of 50% or less. Among them, V1 is the strongest and thus most suitable protease inhibitor or stabilizer, followed by V2, V3, V4 (practically as good as V3) and V5.

Based on these results, these compounds are also suitable for stabilizing the enzymatic activities in protease-containing detergents and cleaning agents during storage.

Example 2

Investigation of the storage stability of protease-containing detergents and cleaners in the presence of protease inhibitors

As a base formulation, a liquid detergent was prepared with the following composition (all figures in percent by weight): 0.3-0.5% xanthan gum, 0.2-0.4% anti-foaming agent, 6-7% glycerol, 0.3 -0.5% ethanol, 4-7% FAEOS, 24-28% nonionic surfactants, 1% boric acid, 1-2% sodium citrate (dihydrate), 2-4% soda, 14-16% coconut fatty acids, 0.5 % HEDP, 0-0.4% PVP, 0-0.05% optical brightener, 0-0.001% dye, balance: demineralized water.

This formulation was spiked with the inhibiting compounds to be tested and 1,275,000 HPE / I B. lentus alkaline protease F 49. The protease activity (Henkel protease units) reported in HPE was after van Raay, Saran and Verbeek, according to the publication "For the determination of proteolytic activity in enzyme concentrates and enzyme-containing detergents, rinses and cleaners" in Tenside (1970), Volume 7, pp. 125-132 , certainly.

The storage took place for different lengths of time in airtight containers at 30 ° C.

For evaluation, the initial values for the proteolytic activity of the agent in question were compared with the values determined after storage. The higher the activity remaining after storage, the better the protease contained was inactivated during storage and the better the compound in question is suitable as a stabilizer according to the invention.

All investigated compounds showed a clearly stabilizing effect.

Claims (15)

1. A washing agent, containing a protease and a compound of the general structural formula

   

   in which

   (a) X stands for a carbonyl group (C=O) or an acid amide group (NHCO),

   (b) R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 (in ring 1) stand for hydrogen (H), a carboxyl group (COOH), a methyl group (CH₃), an ethyl group (C₂H₅), a hydroxyl group (OH), a hydroxymethyl group (CH₂OH), an amino group (NH₂) and/or a halogen, wherein at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present in this ring,

   (c) R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 (in ring 2) stand for hydrogen (H), a carboxyl group (COOH), a methyl group (CH₃), an ethyl group (C₂H₅), a hydroxyl group (OH), a hydroxymethyl group (CH₂OH), an amino group (NH₂) and/or a halogen, wherein at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present in this ring and

   (d) optionally two of the radicals R1 to R10 (A) and (B), which are in ortho position to one another, (A) is an obligatory carboxyl group (COOH) mentioned in (b) and/or (c) or optionally an additional carboxyl group (COOH), and (B) is a hydroxymethyl group, which are present as such groups or optionally as the group -CH₂-O-CO-and thus together with the carbon atoms of the ring containing them denote a five-membered lactone.
2. The washing agent according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizing compound has, in each of the two aromatic rings, 1 to 3 carboxyl groups, preferably 1 or 2 carboxyl groups, most preferably 2 or 3 carboxyl groups in both rings together, wherein a carboxyl group bound in a lactone according to (d) is also counted.
3. The washing agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stabilizing compound has an inhibition constant (K_i) of 0.01 to 10 mM preferably 0.1 to 5, especially preferably 0.5 to 2, with respect to the protease contained therein.
4. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the stabilizing compound is selected from one of the following stabilizers: Structural formula Name a)

   

   2-(4-Carboxybenzoyl)benzoic acid b)

   

   3,3'-Carbonylbisbenzoic acid c)

   

   2-(3-Carboxybenzoyl)benzoic acid d)

   

   4,4'-Carbonylbisbenzoic acid e)

   

   2,2'-Carbonylbisbenzoic acid f)

   

   3-(4-Carboxybenzoyl)benzoic acid g)

   

   2-[[(3-Carboxyphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-benzoic acid h)

   

   2-[[(4-Carboxyphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-benzoic acid i)

   

   2-[(2-Carboxybenzoyl)amino]benzoic acid j)

   

   2-Amino-2',4-carbonylbisbenzoic acid k)

   

   3-[[(4-Carboxyphenyl)amino]carbonyl]-benzoic acid l)

   

   4-[(4-Carboxybenzoyl)amino]benzoic acid m)

   

   4-(2-Carboxylbenzoyl)-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid n)

   

   2-(2-Carboxybenzoyl)-1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid o)

   

   2-(4-Carboxybenzoyl)-1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid p)

   

   4-(3-carboxybenzoyl)-1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid r)

   

   2-[[(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl)amino]carbonyl]benzoic acid s)

   

   2-[[(1,3-Dihydro-1-oxo-5-isobenzofuranyl)amino]carbonyl]benzoic acid
5. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 in predominantly solid form.
6. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 in predominantly liquid, paste or gel form.
7. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the protease is present in an amount of 2 µg to 20 mg per g of the agent, preferably from 5 µg to 17.5 mg per g of the agent, more preferably from 20 µg to 15 mg per g of the agent, most preferably from 50 µg to 10 µg of the agent.
8. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the stabilizer is present in an amount of up to 50 mg per g of the agent, preferably up to 10 mg, more preferably up to 7 mg, most preferably up to 5 mg per g of the agent.
9. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, wherein the molar ratio of stabilizer to protease is in the range of 1:1 to 1000:1, in particular from 1:1 to 500:1, more preferably from 1:1 to 100:1, most preferably from 1:1 to 20:1.
10. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, wherein the stabilizer is present in an amount of 0.01 to 100 × K_i (based on the protease contained therein), preferably 0.1 to 10 × K_i, more preferably 1 to 5 × K_i.
11. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, wherein the protease is a serine protease, preferably a subtilase, more preferably a subtilisin.
12. The washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that

    (a) the protease is obtained from a starting protease by at least one change in an amino acid, such that the change is a substitution, insertion or deletion of an amino acid and it is at least 90% identical to the starting protease on an amino acid level, preferably at least 92.5% identical, especially preferably at least 95% identical and most especially preferably at least 97.5% identical, and/or

    (b) the protease is obtained from a starting protease by at least one change in an amino acid, such that the change is a substitution or insertion of an amino acid in the area of the amino acid sequence assigned to positions 95 to 103 of the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus in an alignment, and/or

    (c) the protease is obtained from a starting protease by at least one change in an amino acid assigned to positions 3, 4, 36, 42, 43, 47, 56, 61, 69, 87, 96, 99, 101, 102, 104, 114, 118, 120, 130, 139, 141, 142, 154, 157, 188, 193, 199, 205, 211, 224, 229, 236, 237, 242, 243, 250, 253, 255 and 268 of the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus in an alignment, such that the change is a substitution, insertion or deletion of an amino acid.
13. Use of a compound of the general structural formula

    

    in which

    (a) X stands for a carbonyl group (C=O) or an acid amide group (NHCO),

    (b) R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 (in ring 1) stand for hydrogen (H), a carboxyl group (COOH), a methyl group (CH₃), an ethyl group (C₂H₅), a hydroxyl group (OH), a hydroxymethyl group (CH₂OH), an amino group (NH₂) and/or a halogen, wherein at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present in this ring,

    (c) R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 (in ring 2) stand for hydrogen (H), a carboxyl group (COOH), a methyl group (CH₃), an ethyl group (C₂H₅), a hydroxyl group (OH), a hydroxymethyl group (CH₂OH), an amino group (NH₂) and/or a halogen, wherein at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present in this ring, and

    (d) optionally two of the radicals R1 to R10 are (A) and (B), which are in ortho position to one another, (A) is an obligatory carboxyl group (COOH) mentioned in (b) and/or (c) or optionally an additional carboxyl group, and (B) is a hydroxymethyl group, which are present as such groups or optionally as the group -CH₂-O-CO- and thus together with the carbon atoms of the ring containing them denote a five-membered lactone,

    as a reversible inhibitor of a protease within the context of a washing agent recipe.
14. The use of a washing agent according to any one of Claims 1 to 12 for washing and/or cleaning textiles.
15. The use of a protease and a compound of the general structural formula

    

    in which

    (a) X stands for a carbonyl group (C=O) or an acid amide group (NHCO),

    (b) R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 (in ring 1) stand for hydrogen (H), a carboxyl group (COOH), a methyl group (CH₃), an ethyl group (C₂H₅), a hydroxyl group (OH), a hydroxymethyl group (CH₂OH), an amino group (NH₂) and/or a halogen, wherein at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present in this ring,

    (c) R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 (in ring 2) stand for hydrogen (H), a carboxyl group (COOH), a methyl group (CH₃), an ethyl group (C₂H₅), a hydroxyl group (OH), a hydroxymethyl group (CH₂OH), an amino group (NH₂) and/or a halogen, wherein at least one carboxyl group (COOH) is present in this ring, and

    (d) optionally two of the radicals R1 to R10 are (A) and (B), which are in ortho position to one another, (A) is an obligatory carboxyl group (COOH) mentioned in (b) and/or (c) or optionally an additional carboxyl group (COOH), and (B) is a hydroxymethyl group, which are present as such groups or optionally as the group -CH₂-O-CO- and thus together with the carbon atoms of the ring containing them denote a five-membered lactone, for producing a washing agent.