EP2111768A1 - Helmet with personalisation means allowing the internal volume to be changed - Google Patents

Helmet with personalisation means allowing the internal volume to be changed Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2111768A1
EP2111768A1 EP09005343A EP09005343A EP2111768A1 EP 2111768 A1 EP2111768 A1 EP 2111768A1 EP 09005343 A EP09005343 A EP 09005343A EP 09005343 A EP09005343 A EP 09005343A EP 2111768 A1 EP2111768 A1 EP 2111768A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
helmet
head
user
envelope
heating
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Granted
Application number
EP09005343A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2111768B1 (en
Inventor
Hervé Favre-Felix
Gilles Renaud-Goud
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Salomon SAS
Original Assignee
Salomon SAS
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Publication of EP2111768A1 publication Critical patent/EP2111768A1/en
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Publication of EP2111768B1 publication Critical patent/EP2111768B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/32—Collapsible helmets; Helmets made of separable parts ; Helmets with movable parts, e.g. adjustable
    • A42B3/324—Adjustable helmets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42C—MANUFACTURING OR TRIMMING HEAD COVERINGS, e.g. HATS
    • A42C2/00—Manufacturing helmets by processes not otherwise provided for
    • A42C2/007—Manufacturing custom-sized helmets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a helmet comprising means for protecting the head of a user and means of comfort.
  • the invention relates to a helmet for the practice of sports, for example skiing, snowboarding, hockey, football, roller skating. It also relates to a heating machine for adapting the helmet to the morphology of a user.
  • a helmet comprises means for protecting the head which protects the skull from shocks that it could undergo when the user falls or when an object is thrown in its direction.
  • the protection means may consist of a shell and a damping cap, the shell may be rigid, for example made by molding / injection of a thermoplastic material such as ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) or n ' to be that an outer skin having in itself no rigidity, but acquiring therefore that this skin is linked to the cushioning cap.
  • the skin can be made by forming a sheet of PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) or PC (Polycarbonate).
  • the damping cap is made of an expanded material such as EPS (expanded polystyrene) or polystyrene.
  • the helmet is equipped with means of comfort, which may take the form of an internal cap, for example made of foam covered with fabric.
  • the document US 6,647,556 proposes to adapt the volume by sliding relative to each other of the different portions constituting the helmet.
  • Such a device is difficult to adjust and makes the helmet relatively heavy to wear for the user.
  • the objective of the invention is achieved by providing a helmet comprising means for protecting the head of a user, comfort means placed between the head of the user and said protection means and personalization means arranged between said protection means and said comfort means, said personalization means making it possible to vary the internal volume of the helmet as a function of the morphology of the user.
  • said personalization means consist of a thermoplastic envelope, which is heat-thermoformable.
  • the envelope is made of a polycarbonate, polyurethane or polypropylene polymer material in which an additive is added in order to lower the softening temperature.
  • the proportion of the additive in the material of the envelope is between 30 and 90% of additive, preferably between 50 and 80%.
  • the additive is caprolactone.
  • said envelope is perforated and comprises openings.
  • a free space is provided between said envelope and said head protection means, this free space remaining empty and having a thickness of about 3 mm.
  • the space provided between the means for protecting the head and the envelope is filled by a foam of very low density, preferably less than 20 kg / m 3 .
  • pads coming from the damping cap pass through the free space and come into contact with the envelope.
  • Said means for protecting the head may consist of a shell and a damping cap.
  • the figure 1 described in section a helmet 1 according to the invention. It comprises protection means 4 of the user's head. These consist of a shell 2 and a cap 3 damping.
  • the shell 2 obtained from the shaping of a polycarbonate sheet, is directly integral with the damping cap 3, made of EPS.
  • the fastening of the shell 2 and the cap 3 being made in the expansion mold EPS. This technology is called in-mold technology.
  • the helmet 1 is provided with means of comfort which is also called inner cap 5.
  • the latter is made, in a known manner, using cushion (s) foam that can be associated with tissues.
  • the materials used for the inner cap are generally foams having a density of between 15 and 40 kg / m 3 , preferably between 20 and 30 kg / m 3 .
  • the helmet 1 comprises personalization means, which allow an adaptation of the interior volume of the helmet to the shape of the skull of the user.
  • These personalization means comprise an envelope 6 placed between the protection means 4 and the comfort means 5.
  • the figure 3 represents the helmet envelope of the figure 1 before it is placed there.
  • the envelope takes the general shape of the helmet, that is to say the shape of a skull and it can include two litters 9, one placed at the front, the other at the rear.
  • the bearings 9 serve to fix the envelope 6 on the protection means 4.
  • the envelope is a structure that envelops the entire skull, it is continuous.
  • the thickness of the envelope may include areas in which its thickness is different, thinner or thicker. Thus, there are areas of the envelope more or less sensitive to deformation.
  • the figure 4 represents an envelope according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the envelope is not continuous and comprises a plurality of openings 15.
  • the presence of the openings 15 facilitates the deformation of the envelope so that it conforms to the shape of the user's skull. Thanks to the openings, we also have a lighter helmet, better airing. On the other hand, the openings allow better management of the adaptability of the helmet.
  • the openings 15 may conveniently be placed where the human skull bears least contact with the helmet.
  • the envelope 6 described in figure 4 has a scope 9 all around its periphery for better attachment to the cap.
  • the envelope 6 described in Figures 2 and 3 is made of a thermoplastic compound whose softening point is low, preferably less than 80 ° C.
  • thermoplastic compound used for producing the envelope is a polymeric compound of polycarbonate, polyurethane or polypropylene type to which an additive is added. All these polymers exhibit at room temperature an outfit compatible with their use in a helmet.
  • the softening point is defined as the temperature from which the material is malleable.
  • the temperature of the softening point is a few tens of degrees lower than the transformation temperature.
  • the additive is selected such that it considerably lowers the softening point of the compound.
  • caprolactone or caprolactane Good results have been obtained with an additive known as caprolactone or caprolactane, and especially with a product known under the trade name "CAPA 6500. It is a high molecular weight linear polyester derived from caprolactone monomer. Other caprolactone-based polymers may also be suitable.
  • This additive has a melting temperature in an area of 60 to 80 ° C.
  • the base material in a proportion of between 30 and 90%, preferably between 50 and 80%, it lowers the softening temperature of the base material, in particular of the polymer compound, without significantly altering the mechanical properties of the the envelope, in particular its rigidity, and its aesthetics in the normal conditions of use of the helmet.
  • additives may also be suitable provided that they are miscible with the base material during their injection, they have a low melting temperature, preferably below 100 ° C, and their presence in the base material significantly lowers its softening temperature.
  • the casing is fixed to the protection means 4 by means of fastening means 10 connecting the bearing surfaces 9 around the cap.
  • the fastening means 10 may be of any known type. It can be glue, rivet, staple, etc .
  • the introduction of the envelope in the cap 3 is such that a free space 7 is maintained between the surface of the envelope and the inner surface of the cap 3.
  • the free space 7 allows the envelope to deform so as to locally increase the internal volume of the helmet.
  • a free space 7 is provided between 1 and 5 mm, preferably 3 mm.
  • the free space 7 is left empty.
  • the free space 7 is filled with a low density foam, for example with a density of less than 20 kg / m3. The presence of the low density foam ensures better holding of the envelope while not impeding the deformation during the personalization process of the helmet.
  • FIG. 2 A third embodiment is described in figure 2 . Only a detail view is shown here, the rest being identical to the first embodiment. As can be seen at figure 2 , studs 8 coming from the damping cap 3 pass through the free space 7 and serve as a support zone for the casing 6.
  • the studs are distributed on the inner surface of the cap 3 in the regions where there is little or no notice of shape variation of the skull in the user population.
  • An undescribed variant of this embodiment is to have removable pads 8 which can be moved on demand on the inner surface of the cap 3.
  • the helmet also comprises means of comfort consisting of an inner cap 5 fixed inside the casing 6.
  • the inner cap 5 is removably attached by means of self-gripping strips 16.
  • the method of personalizing the interior volume of the helmet to adapt to the morphology of a user comprises the following steps.
  • the user chooses a helmet at its size, puts it on his head and notes the areas of the inner surface thereof that pose a problem to his comfort. For example, areas where too much pressure is exerted on his skull.
  • the inner cap is removed (where possible), and the helmet is heated to a temperature of between 50 ° C and 80 ° C.
  • the figure 5 represents the step of heating the helmet 1.
  • the helmet is shown from below while the inner cap 5 has been removed. Only the self-gripping strips 16 serving to fix the internal cap are visible.
  • the heating means 17 is produced by a hot air blower device such as that known under the trade mark LEISTER.
  • the heating means may also be selected from other known devices such as electric furnace, infra-red lamp device. The latter offers the advantage of rapid heating.
  • the headform 12 has an outer surface reproducing the shape of a human skull, adjustable elements 13 which allow to modify the shape of said outer surface.
  • Each adjustable element 13 is a block that can be displaced radially by means of adjustment means, for example a screw 14.
  • the headset is used as soon as the user has defined the areas of the inside of the helmet for which he wants an increase in volume.
  • the headset includes the heating means.
  • the user puts the helmet on the headset, which is equipped with heating means which bring the envelope 6 to a temperature close to its point softening.
  • Those adjustable members 13 which are adjusted to protrude from the outer surface of the headform will then exert pressure on the envelope to deform it.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)

Abstract

The helmet (1) has a protection unit (4) for protecting a head of a user, and a comfort unit i.e. inner cap (5), placed between the head and the protection unit. An inner volume customization unit is arranged between the protection and comfort units. The customization unit is constituted by a thermo-plastic envelope (6) made of a polymer material e.g. polycarbonate, polyurethane or polypropylene, in which additive is added to lower softening temperature, where the additive is caprolactone i.e. CAPA 6500(RTM: high molecular weight linear polyester). Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for customizing an inner volume of a helmet so as to be adapted to the morphology of a user (2) a headform comprising an outer surface reproducing a shape of a human skull and used in combination with a heating device for customizing an inner volume of a helmet.

Description

L'invention concerne un casque comportant des moyens de protection de la tête d'un utilisateur et des moyens de confort. Notamment mais, non exclusivement, l'invention concerne un casque pour la pratique de sports, par exemple du ski, du snowboard, du hockey, du football, du patin à roulettes. Elle concerne également une machine de chauffage pour adapter le casque à la morphologie d'un utilisateur.The invention relates to a helmet comprising means for protecting the head of a user and means of comfort. In particular, but not exclusively, the invention relates to a helmet for the practice of sports, for example skiing, snowboarding, hockey, football, roller skating. It also relates to a heating machine for adapting the helmet to the morphology of a user.

De façon connue, un casque comprend des moyens de protection de la tête qui protège le crâne des chocs qu'il pourrait subir lorsque l'utilisateur fait une chute ou lorsqu'un objet est projeté dans sa direction. Les moyens de protection peuvent être constitués d'une coque et d'une calotte amortissante, la coque pouvant être rigide, par exemple réalisée par moulage/injection d'une matière thermoplastique telle que l'ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiène styrène) ou encore n'être qu'une peau extérieure n'ayant en soi pas de rigidité, mais en acquérant dès lors que cette peau est liée à la calotte amortissante. Par exemple la peau peut être réalisée par mise en forme d'une feuille de PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) ou de PC (Polycarbonate).In a known manner, a helmet comprises means for protecting the head which protects the skull from shocks that it could undergo when the user falls or when an object is thrown in its direction. The protection means may consist of a shell and a damping cap, the shell may be rigid, for example made by molding / injection of a thermoplastic material such as ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) or n ' to be that an outer skin having in itself no rigidity, but acquiring therefore that this skin is linked to the cushioning cap. For example, the skin can be made by forming a sheet of PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) or PC (Polycarbonate).

De manière courante, la calotte amortissante est réalisée dans un matériau expansé tel que EPS (Polystyrène expansé) ou encore polystyrène.Usually, the damping cap is made of an expanded material such as EPS (expanded polystyrene) or polystyrene.

Afin de garantir un bon confort à l'utilisateur, on équipe le casque de moyens de confort, ceux-ci pouvant prendre la forme d'une coiffe interne par exemple faite de mousse recouverte de tissu.In order to guarantee good comfort for the user, the helmet is equipped with means of comfort, which may take the form of an internal cap, for example made of foam covered with fabric.

Pour permettre une adaptation du volume interne du casque à la tête de l'utilisateur, de nombreux dispositifs sont connus de l'art antérieur.To allow an adaptation of the internal volume of the helmet to the user's head, many devices are known from the prior art.

Par exemple, le document US 6,647,556 propose d'adapter le volume par glissement les unes par rapport aux autres des différentes portions constituant le casque. Un tel dispositif est difficile à régler et rend le casque relativement lourd à porter pour l'utilisateur.For example, the document US 6,647,556 proposes to adapt the volume by sliding relative to each other of the different portions constituting the helmet. Such a device is difficult to adjust and makes the helmet relatively heavy to wear for the user.

Un autre exemple est donné par le document FR 2 888 729 dans lequel on propose de modifier le volume intérieur du casque en gonflant ou dégonflant une vessie à l'aide d'une pompe manuelle. Un tel dispositif est coûteux, volumineux et l'adaptation qu'il offre est localisé à certains endroits. D'autre part, si la pression à l'intérieur de la vessie est trop importante, il peut en découler une gêne pour l'utilisateur.Another example is given by the document FR 2,888,729 in which it is proposed to change the internal volume of the helmet by inflating or deflating a bladder with a hand pump. Such a device is expensive, bulky and the adaptation it offers is located in some places. On the other hand, if the pressure inside the bladder is too great, it may result in inconvenience to the user.

En effet et cela est vrai pour tout les dispositifs d'adaptation de volume, il faut à tout prix éviter que le casque exerce localement une surpression sur la tête de l'utilisateur.Indeed and this is true for all volume adaptation devices, it is necessary at all costs to avoid that the headset locally exerts an overpressure on the head of the user.

Compte-tenu des inconvénients de l'art antérieur, il existe un besoin de proposer un casque, notamment pour la pratique sportive, qui comporte des moyens de personnalisation de son volume intérieur, qui soient faciles d'utilisation, peu volumineux, peu coûteux et qui s'adaptent à tous types de forme du crâne.Given the disadvantages of the prior art, there is a need to provide a helmet, especially for sports, which includes means of customizing its interior volume, which are easy to use, small, inexpensive and which adapt to all types of skull shape.

L'objectif de l'invention est atteint par la fourniture d'un casque comprenant des moyens de protection de la tête d'un utilisateur, des moyens de confort placés entre la tête de l'utilisateur et lesdits moyens de protection et des moyens de personnalisation disposés entre lesdits moyens de protection et lesdits moyens de confort, lesdits moyens de personnalisation permettant de faire varier le volume intérieur du casque en fonction de la morphologie de l'utilisateur.The objective of the invention is achieved by providing a helmet comprising means for protecting the head of a user, comfort means placed between the head of the user and said protection means and personalization means arranged between said protection means and said comfort means, said personalization means making it possible to vary the internal volume of the helmet as a function of the morphology of the user.

Avantageusement, lesdits moyens de personnalisation sont constitués par une enveloppe thermoplastique, laquelle est thermoformable à chaud.Advantageously, said personalization means consist of a thermoplastic envelope, which is heat-thermoformable.

Avantageusement, l'enveloppe est réalisée dans un matériau polymère de type polycarbonate, polyuréthane ou polypropylène dans lequel un additif est rajouté afin d'en abaisser la température de ramollissement.Advantageously, the envelope is made of a polycarbonate, polyurethane or polypropylene polymer material in which an additive is added in order to lower the softening temperature.

Avantageusement, la proportion de l'additif dans le matériau de l'enveloppe est comprise entre 30 et 90% d'additif, de préférence comprise entre 50 et 80%.Advantageously, the proportion of the additive in the material of the envelope is between 30 and 90% of additive, preferably between 50 and 80%.

Avantageusement, l'additif est du caprolactone.Advantageously, the additive is caprolactone.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, ladite enveloppe est ajourée et comprend des ouvertures.In one embodiment of the invention, said envelope is perforated and comprises openings.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, un espace libre est ménagé entre ladite enveloppe et lesdits moyens de protection de la tête, cet espace libre restant vide et pouvant avoir une épaisseur d'environ 3 mm.In one embodiment of the invention, a free space is provided between said envelope and said head protection means, this free space remaining empty and having a thickness of about 3 mm.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'espace ménagé entre les moyens de protection de la tête et l'enveloppe est comblée par une mousse de très faible densité, de préférence inférieure à 20 kg/m3.In another embodiment of the invention, the space provided between the means for protecting the head and the envelope is filled by a foam of very low density, preferably less than 20 kg / m 3 .

Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, des plots issus de la calotte d'amortissement traversent l'espace libre et viennent au contact de l'enveloppe.In another embodiment of the invention, pads coming from the damping cap pass through the free space and come into contact with the envelope.

Lesdits moyens de protection de la tête peuvent être constitués par une coque et une calotte d'amortissement.Said means for protecting the head may consist of a shell and a damping cap.

L'objectif de l'invention est également obtenu par la mise en place d'une méthode de personnalisation du volume intérieur d'un casque pour l'adapter à la morphologie d'un utilisateur, ledit casque comprenant des moyens de protection de la tête d'un utilisateur, lesdits moyens de protection comportant une surface extérieure et une surface intérieure; des moyens de confort placés entre la tête de l'utilisateur et ladite surface intérieure et des moyens de personnalisation disposés entre lesdits moyens de protection et lesdits moyens de confort, ladite méthode comportant les étapes suivantes:

  • définition des zones intérieures du casque pour lesquelles la morphologie de l'utilisateur nécessite une augmentation du volume,
  • chauffage du casque à une température inférieure à 80°C,
  • mise en place dans le casque chauffé de la tête de l'utilisateur ou d'une fausse-tête, ladite fausse-tête étant adaptable et modifiable pour suivre au plus près la forme de la tête dudit utilisateur.
The objective of the invention is also obtained by setting up a method of customizing the interior volume of a helmet to adapt it to the morphology of a user, said helmet comprising means for protecting the head a user, said protection means having an outer surface and an inner surface; comfort means placed between the user's head and said inner surface and personalization means arranged between said protection means and said comfort means, said method comprising the following steps:
  • defining the inner areas of the helmet for which the morphology of the user requires an increase in volume,
  • heating the helmet at a temperature below 80 ° C,
  • placing in the heated helmet of the head of the user or a headset, said headform being adaptable and modifiable to closely follow the shape of the head of said user.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit, à laquelle est annexé le dessin et dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe du casque selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe partielle d'un casque selon un troisième mode de réalisation,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective de l'enveloppe selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'une enveloppe selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 5 est une vue montrant l'étape de chauffage du casque,
  • la figure 6 est une vue montrant l'étape de mise en forme de l'enveloppe selon l'invention,
  • la figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'une fausse-tête utilisée dans l'étape de mise en forme de l'enveloppe et / ou de chauffage selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, to which the drawing is appended and in which:
  • the figure 1 is a sectional view of the helmet according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a partial sectional view of a helmet according to a third embodiment,
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of the envelope according to the first embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view of an envelope according to a second embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 5 is a view showing the step of heating the helmet,
  • the figure 6 is a view showing the shaping step of the envelope according to the invention,
  • the figure 7 is a perspective view of a headform used in the shaping step of the envelope and / or heating according to the invention.

La figure 1 décrit en coupe un casque 1 selon l'invention. Il comprend des moyens de protection 4 de la tête de l'utilisateur. Ceux-ci sont constitués par une coque 2 et une calotte 3 amortissante. Dans l'exemple décrit, la coque 2, obtenue à partir de la mise en forme d'une feuille de Polycarbonate, est directement solidaire de la calotte amortissante 3, réalisée en EPS. La solidarisation de la coque 2 et de la calotte 3 se faisant dans le moule d'expansion de l'EPS. On appelle cette technologie, la technologie in-mold.The figure 1 described in section a helmet 1 according to the invention. It comprises protection means 4 of the user's head. These consist of a shell 2 and a cap 3 damping. In the example described, the shell 2, obtained from the shaping of a polycarbonate sheet, is directly integral with the damping cap 3, made of EPS. The fastening of the shell 2 and the cap 3 being made in the expansion mold EPS. This technology is called in-mold technology.

On notera que la réalisation des moyens de protection n'est qu'un parmi d'autre sans qu'il s'agisse d'une limitation de la portée de l'invention. En effet on pourra tout aussi bien prévoir des moyens de protection réalisés par assemblage collé, clipsé, agrafé....d'une coque rigide et d'une calotte amortissante.It will be noted that the realization of the means of protection is only one among others without it being a limitation of the scope of the invention. Indeed we can equally provide protection means made by glued assembly, clipped, stapled .... of a rigid shell and a damping cap.

Afin d'améliorer le confort de l'utilisateur, le casque 1 est pourvu de moyens de confort qu'on appelle également coiffe interne 5. Cette dernière est réalisée, de façon connue, à l'aide de coussin(s) de mousse pouvant être associé à des tissus.In order to improve the comfort of the user, the helmet 1 is provided with means of comfort which is also called inner cap 5. The latter is made, in a known manner, using cushion (s) foam that can be associated with tissues.

Les matériaux utilisés pour la coiffe interne sont généralement des mousses ayant une densité comprise entre 15 et 40 kg/m3, de préférence comprise entre 20 et 30 kg/m3.The materials used for the inner cap are generally foams having a density of between 15 and 40 kg / m 3 , preferably between 20 and 30 kg / m 3 .

Conformément à l'invention, le casque 1 comprend des moyens de personnalisation, lesquels permettent une adaptation du volume intérieur du casque à la forme du crâne de l'utilisateur. Ces moyens de personnalisation comprennent une enveloppe 6 placée entre les moyens de protection 4 et les moyens de confort 5.According to the invention, the helmet 1 comprises personalization means, which allow an adaptation of the interior volume of the helmet to the shape of the skull of the user. These personalization means comprise an envelope 6 placed between the protection means 4 and the comfort means 5.

La figure 3 représente l'enveloppe du casque de la figure 1 avant qu'elle n'y soit placée. Comme on peut le voir, l'enveloppe reprend la forme générale du casque, c'est-à-dire la forme d'un crâne et elle peut comprendre deux portées 9, l'une placée à l'avant, l'autre à l'arrière. Les portées 9 servent à la fixation de l'enveloppe 6 sur les moyens de protection 4.The figure 3 represents the helmet envelope of the figure 1 before it is placed there. As can be seen, the envelope takes the general shape of the helmet, that is to say the shape of a skull and it can include two litters 9, one placed at the front, the other at the rear. The bearings 9 serve to fix the envelope 6 on the protection means 4.

Dans le premier mode de réalisation, l'enveloppe est une structure qui enveloppe la totalité du crâne, elle est continue. L'épaisseur de l'enveloppe peut comprendre des zones dans lesquelles, son épaisseur est différente, plus fine ou plus épaisse. Ainsi, on dispose de zones de l'enveloppe plus ou moins sensibles à la déformation.In the first embodiment, the envelope is a structure that envelops the entire skull, it is continuous. The thickness of the envelope may include areas in which its thickness is different, thinner or thicker. Thus, there are areas of the envelope more or less sensitive to deformation.

La figure 4 représente une enveloppe selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention. A la différence du premier mode de réalisation, l'enveloppe n'y est pas continue et comprend une pluralité d'ouvertures 15. La présence des ouvertures 15 permet de faciliter la déformation de l'enveloppe afin qu'elle se conforme à la forme du crâne de l'utilisateur. Grâce aux ouvertures, on dispose également d'un casque plus léger, mieux aérer. D'autre part, les ouvertures permettent une meilleure gestion de l'adaptabilité du casque.The figure 4 represents an envelope according to a second embodiment of the invention. Unlike the first embodiment, the envelope is not continuous and comprises a plurality of openings 15. The presence of the openings 15 facilitates the deformation of the envelope so that it conforms to the shape of the user's skull. Thanks to the openings, we also have a lighter helmet, better airing. On the other hand, the openings allow better management of the adaptability of the helmet.

Les ouvertures 15 peuvent judicieusement être placées aux endroits où le crâne humain supporte le moins le contact avec le casque.The openings 15 may conveniently be placed where the human skull bears least contact with the helmet.

L'enveloppe 6 décrite à la figure 4 comporte une portée 9 sur tout son pourtour pour une meilleure fixation sur la calotte.The envelope 6 described in figure 4 has a scope 9 all around its periphery for better attachment to the cap.

Conformément à l'invention, l'enveloppe 6 décrite aux figures 2 et 3 est réalisée dans un composé thermoplastique dont le point de ramollissement est bas, de préférence inférieur à 80°C.According to the invention, the envelope 6 described in Figures 2 and 3 is made of a thermoplastic compound whose softening point is low, preferably less than 80 ° C.

Le composé thermoplastique servant à la réalisation de l'enveloppe est un composé polymère de type polycarbonate, polyuréthane ou polypropylène auquel on ajoute un additif. Tous ces polymères présentent à température ambiante une tenue compatible avec leur utilisation dans un casque.The thermoplastic compound used for producing the envelope is a polymeric compound of polycarbonate, polyurethane or polypropylene type to which an additive is added. All these polymers exhibit at room temperature an outfit compatible with their use in a helmet.

Lorsqu'ils sont utilisés seuls, ces composés polymère ont des points de ramollissement relativement élevés. Le point de ramollissement est défini comme la température à partir de laquelle la matière est malléable. La température du point de ramollissement est inférieure de quelques dizaines de degrés de la température de transformation. Quelques exemples de température de transformation: polycarbonate (285°C - 300°C), polyuréthane (210°C - 230°C), polypropylène (220°C - 230°C).When used alone, these polymeric compounds have relatively high softening points. The softening point is defined as the temperature from which the material is malleable. The temperature of the softening point is a few tens of degrees lower than the transformation temperature. Some examples of processing temperature: polycarbonate (285 ° C - 300 ° C), polyurethane (210 ° C - 230 ° C), polypropylene (220 ° C - 230 ° C).

On choisit l'additif de telle façon qu'il fasse baisser considérablement le point de ramollissement du composé.The additive is selected such that it considerably lowers the softening point of the compound.

On a obtenu de bons résultats avec un additif connu sous le nom de caprolactone ou caprolactane, et notamment avec un produit connu sous la dénomination commerciale "CAPA 6500. Il s'agit d'un polyester linéaire à haut poids moléculaire dérivé de monomère caprolactone. D'autres polymères à base de caprolactone pourraient également convenir.Good results have been obtained with an additive known as caprolactone or caprolactane, and especially with a product known under the trade name "CAPA 6500. It is a high molecular weight linear polyester derived from caprolactone monomer. Other caprolactone-based polymers may also be suitable.

Cet additif a une température de fusion dans une zone de 60 à 80°C. Mélangé à la matière de base dans une proportion comprise entre 30 et 90%, de préférence entre 50 et 80%, il abaisse la température de ramollissement de la matière de base, notamment du composé polymère, sans altérer de façon significative les propriétés mécaniques de l'enveloppe, en particulier sa rigidité, et son esthétique dans les conditions normales d'utilisation du casque.This additive has a melting temperature in an area of 60 to 80 ° C. Mixed with the base material in a proportion of between 30 and 90%, preferably between 50 and 80%, it lowers the softening temperature of the base material, in particular of the polymer compound, without significantly altering the mechanical properties of the the envelope, in particular its rigidity, and its aesthetics in the normal conditions of use of the helmet.

D'autres additifs peuvent aussi convenir pourvu qu'ils soient miscibles avec la matière de base lors de leur injection, qu'ils aient une température de fusion basse, de préférence inférieure à 100°C, et que leur présence dans la matière de base abaisse de façon significative sa température de ramollissement.Other additives may also be suitable provided that they are miscible with the base material during their injection, they have a low melting temperature, preferably below 100 ° C, and their presence in the base material significantly lowers its softening temperature.

Comme on peut le voir à la figure 1, l'enveloppe est fixée aux moyens de protection 4 par l'intermédiaire de moyens de fixation 10 reliant les portées 9 au pourtour de la calotte. Les moyens de fixation 10 peuvent être de tous types connus. Il peut s'agir de colle, rivet, agrafe, etc......As can be seen at figure 1 , the casing is fixed to the protection means 4 by means of fastening means 10 connecting the bearing surfaces 9 around the cap. The fastening means 10 may be of any known type. It can be glue, rivet, staple, etc ......

Avantageusement, la mise en place de l'enveloppe dans la calotte 3 est telle qu'un espace libre 7 est maintenu entre la superficie de l'enveloppe et la superficie intérieure de la calotte 3.Advantageously, the introduction of the envelope in the cap 3 is such that a free space 7 is maintained between the surface of the envelope and the inner surface of the cap 3.

L'espace libre 7 permet à l'enveloppe de se déformer de façon à augmenter localement le volume intérieur du casque. On prévoit un espace libre 7 faisant entre 1 et 5 mm, de préférence 3 mm.The free space 7 allows the envelope to deform so as to locally increase the internal volume of the helmet. A free space 7 is provided between 1 and 5 mm, preferably 3 mm.

Dans le premier mode de réalisation, l'espace libre 7 est laissé vide. Dans un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'espace libre 7 est comblé par une mousse à faible densité, par exemple à densité inférieure à 20 kg/m3. La présence de la mousse à faible densité garantit une meilleure tenue de l'enveloppe tout en n'en gênant pas la déformation lors du processus de personnalisation du casque.In the first embodiment, the free space 7 is left empty. In a third embodiment of the invention, the free space 7 is filled with a low density foam, for example with a density of less than 20 kg / m3. The presence of the low density foam ensures better holding of the envelope while not impeding the deformation during the personalization process of the helmet.

On pourra également prévoir que différentes zones de la superficie de l'espace libre soient comblées par des mousses de densité légèrement différentes. Ainsi dans les zones où le soutien est nécessaire, une mousse plus dense, et offrant plus de soutien serait mise en place.It may also be provided that different areas of the area of the free space are filled with slightly different density foams. So in areas where support is needed, a denser, more supportive foam would be put in place.

Un troisième mode de réalisation est décrit à la figure 2. Seule une vue de détail est ici représentée, le reste étant identique au premier mode de réalisation. Comme on peut le voir à la figure 2, des plots 8 issus de la calotte amortissante 3 traversent l'espace libre 7 et servent de zone d'appui pour l'enveloppe 6.A third embodiment is described in figure 2 . Only a detail view is shown here, the rest being identical to the first embodiment. As can be seen at figure 2 , studs 8 coming from the damping cap 3 pass through the free space 7 and serve as a support zone for the casing 6.

Bien entendu, les plots sont répartis sur la surface intérieure de la calotte 3 dans les régions où l'on a remarqué peu, ou pas, de variation de forme du crâne dans la population des utilisateurs.Of course, the studs are distributed on the inner surface of the cap 3 in the regions where there is little or no notice of shape variation of the skull in the user population.

Une variante non décrite de ce mode de réalisation consiste à avoir des plots 8 amovibles qui peuvent être déplacés à la demande sur la surface intérieure de la calotte 3.An undescribed variant of this embodiment is to have removable pads 8 which can be moved on demand on the inner surface of the cap 3.

Le casque comprend également des moyens de confort consistant en une coiffe interne 5 fixée à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 6. La coiffe interne 5 est fixée de façon amovible grâce à des bandes auto-agrippantes 16.The helmet also comprises means of comfort consisting of an inner cap 5 fixed inside the casing 6. The inner cap 5 is removably attached by means of self-gripping strips 16.

Conformément à l'invention, la méthode de personnalisation du volume intérieur du casque pour l'adapter à la morphologie d'un utilisateur comprend les étapes suivantes.According to the invention, the method of personalizing the interior volume of the helmet to adapt to the morphology of a user comprises the following steps.

L'utilisateur choisit un casque à sa taille, l'enfile sur sa tête puis note les zones de la surface intérieure de celui-ci qui posent problème à son confort. Par exemple, les zones où une pression trop importante est exercée sur son crâne.The user chooses a helmet at its size, puts it on his head and notes the areas of the inner surface thereof that pose a problem to his comfort. For example, areas where too much pressure is exerted on his skull.

Une fois qu'ont été définies les zones pour lesquelles une augmentation du volume est nécessaire, la coiffe interne est retirée (lorsque c'est possible), puis le casque est chauffé à une température comprise entre 50°C et 80°C. La figure 5 représente l'étape de chauffage du casque 1. Le casque est représenté par-dessous alors que la coiffe interne 5 a été retirée. Seules sont visibles les bandes auto-agrippantes 16 servant à la fixation de la coiffe interne. Le moyen de chauffage 17 est réalisé par un dispositif souffleur d'air chaud comme par exemple celui connu sous la marque déposée LEISTER.Once the zones for which an increase in volume is required are defined, the inner cap is removed (where possible), and the helmet is heated to a temperature of between 50 ° C and 80 ° C. The figure 5 represents the step of heating the helmet 1. The helmet is shown from below while the inner cap 5 has been removed. Only the self-gripping strips 16 serving to fix the internal cap are visible. The heating means 17 is produced by a hot air blower device such as that known under the trade mark LEISTER.

Le moyen de chauffage pourra également être choisi parmi d'autres dispositifs connus tels que four électrique, dispositif à lampe infra-rouge. Ce dernier offrant l'avantage de la rapidité de chauffage.The heating means may also be selected from other known devices such as electric furnace, infra-red lamp device. The latter offers the advantage of rapid heating.

Enfin, on replace la coiffe interne (lorsqu'elle a été retirée), puis on met en place le casque sur la tête en position d'utilisation, c'est-à-dire jugulaire 11 fermée comme cela est visible à la figure 6.Finally, we replace the inner cap (when removed), then we put the headset on the head in the use position, that is to say, jugular 11 closed as visible in the figure 6 .

Dans une méthode alternative de personnalisation du volume du casque, on utilise une fausse-tête 12 pour réaliser la déformation de l'enveloppe 6 lorsque cette dernière est chauffée.In an alternative method of customizing the volume of the helmet, using a false head 12 to achieve the deformation of the envelope 6 when the latter is heated.

Un exemple de fausse-tête 12 est décrit à la figure 7. La fausse-tête 12 a une surface extérieure reproduisant la forme d'un crâne humain, des éléments réglables 13 qui permettent de modifier la forme de ladite surface extérieure.An example of a false head 12 is described in figure 7 . The headform 12 has an outer surface reproducing the shape of a human skull, adjustable elements 13 which allow to modify the shape of said outer surface.

Chaque élément réglable 13 est un pavé pouvant être déplacé radialement grâce à un moyen de réglage, par exemple une vis 14.Each adjustable element 13 is a block that can be displaced radially by means of adjustment means, for example a screw 14.

Dans la méthode alternative de personnalisation, la fausse-tête est utilisée dès que l'utilisateur a défini les zones de l'intérieur du casque pour lesquelles il désire une augmentation de volume.In the alternative method of personalization, the headset is used as soon as the user has defined the areas of the inside of the helmet for which he wants an increase in volume.

Alors il peut régler la fausse-tête en conséquence, puis y poser le casque chauffé afin que les zones définies puissent être déformées par les éléments réglables 13.Then he can adjust the headset accordingly, then put on the heated helmet so that the defined areas can be deformed by the adjustable elements 13.

Dans une autre version, la fausse-tête comprend les moyens de chauffage. Dans cette version, après avoir défini les zones pour lesquelles il désire une augmentation de volume, l'utilisateur pose le casque sur la fausse-tête, laquelle est équipée de moyens de chauffage qui amènent l'enveloppe 6 à une température proche de son point de ramollissement. Ceux des éléments réglables 13 qui sont réglés de façon à faire saillie depuis la surface extérieure de la fausse-tête vont alors exercer une pression sur l'enveloppe pour la déformer.In another version, the headset includes the heating means. In this version, after having defined the areas for which it desires an increase in volume, the user puts the helmet on the headset, which is equipped with heating means which bring the envelope 6 to a temperature close to its point softening. Those adjustable members 13 which are adjusted to protrude from the outer surface of the headform will then exert pressure on the envelope to deform it.

Claims (10)

Casque (1) comprenant des moyens de protection (4) de la tête d'un utilisateur et des moyens de confort (5) placés entre la tête de l'utilisateur et lesdits moyens de protection (4), comprenant en outre des moyens de personnalisation disposés entre lesdits moyens de protection (4) et lesdits moyens de confort (5), lesdits moyens étant constitués par une enveloppe (6) thermo-plastique, thermo-formable à chaud, et réalisée dans un matériau polymère de type polycarbonate, polyuréthane ou polypropylène dans lequel un additif est rajouté afin d'en abaisser la température de ramollissement, caractérisé en ce que, ledit additif est un caprolactone.Helmet (1) comprising means for protecting (4) the head of a user and comfort means (5) placed between the head of the user and said protection means (4), further comprising means for customization arranged between said protection means (4) and said comfort means (5), said means being constituted by a thermo-plastic envelope (6) thermoformable when hot, and made of a polycarbonate, polyurethane-type polymer material or polypropylene in which an additive is added to lower the softening temperature, characterized in that said additive is a caprolactone. Casque (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, la proportion de l'additif dans le matériau de l'enveloppe (6) est comprise entre 30 et 90% d'additif, de préférence comprise entre 50 et 80%.Helmet (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of the additive in the material of the envelope (6) is between 30 and 90% of additive, preferably between 50 and 80%. Casque (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un espace libre (7) est ménagé entre ladite enveloppe (6) et lesdits moyens de protection (4) de la tête, cet espace (7) ayant une épaisseur comprise entre 2 et 5 mm, de préférence environ égale à 3 mm.Helmet (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a free space (7) is provided between said casing (6) and said head protection means (4), this space (7) having a thickness of between 2 and 5 mm, preferably about 3 mm. Casque (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que, l'espace libre (7) ménagé entre les moyens de protection (4) de la tête et l'enveloppe (6) est comblée par une mousse de très faible densité, de préférence inférieure à 20 kg/m3.Helmet (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that, the free space (7) provided between the means of protection (4) of the head and the casing (6) is filled by a foam of very low density, preferably less than 20 kg / m 3 . Casque (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que, des plots (8) issus de la calotte (3) d'amortissement traversent l'espace libre (7) et viennent au contact de l'enveloppe (6).Helmet (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that pads (8) issuing from the cap (3) damping pass through the free space (7) and come into contact with the casing (6). Méthode de personnalisation du volume intérieur d'un casque (1) pour l'adapter à la morphologie d'un utilisateur, ledit casque (1) comprenant des moyens de protection (4) de la tête d'un utilisateur, lesdits moyens de protection comportant une surface extérieure et une surface intérieure; des moyens de confort (5) placés entre la tête de l'utilisateur et ladite surface intérieure et des moyens de personnalisation disposés entre lesdits moyens de protection et lesdits moyens de confort, lesdits moyens de personnalisation étant constitués par une enveloppe (6) thermoplastique, ladite méthode comportant les étapes suivantes : - définition des zones intérieures du casque pour lesquelles la morphologie de l'utilisateur nécessite une augmentation du volume, - chauffage de l'enveloppe (6) à une température inférieure à 80°C, - mise en place dans l'enveloppe (6) chauffée d'une fausse-tête (12), ladite fausse-tête (12) étant adaptable et modifiable pour suivre au plus près la forme de la tête dudit utilisateur. Method of personalizing the interior volume of a helmet (1) to adapt it to the morphology of a user, said helmet (1) comprising means for protecting (4) the head of a user, said means of protection having an outer surface and an inner surface; comfort means (5) placed between the user's head and said inner surface and personalization means arranged between said protection means and said comfort means, said personalization means being constituted by a thermoplastic envelope (6), said method comprising the following steps: - definition of the inner areas of the helmet for which the morphology of the user requires an increase in volume, heating the casing (6) to a temperature below 80 ° C, placing in the heated envelope (6) a false head (12), said headform (12) being adaptable and modifiable to closely follow the shape of the head of said user. Méthode de personnalisation du volume intérieur d'un casque (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que, le chauffage est réalisé par un des moyens suivant: des moyens de chauffage (17) de type propulseur d'air chaud, des moyens de chauffage de type four ou des moyens de chauffage de type dispositif à lampe à infra-rouge.Method for personalizing the interior volume of a helmet (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the heating is carried out by one of the following means: heating means (17) of the hot air propellant type, means furnace type heating means or infra-red lamp device type heating means. Méthode de personnalisation du volume intérieur d'un casque (1) selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que, on retire les moyens de confort (5) avant la phase de chauffage et on remet ceux-ci avant l'introduction de la fausse-tête (12).Method of personalizing the internal volume of a helmet (1) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the comfort means (5) are removed before the heating phase and these are reset before the introduction of the false head (12). Méthode de personnalisation du volume intérieur d'un casque (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce les moyens de chauffage (17) sont constitués par un dispositif chauffant intégré dans la fausse-tête (12).A method of personalizing the interior volume of a helmet (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the heating means (17) are constituted by a heating device integrated in the headrest (12). Fausse-tête (12) comportant une surface extérieure reproduisant la forme d'un crâne humain et destinée à être utilisée en association avec un dispositif chauffant pour la mise en oeuvre de la méthode de personnalisation selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, ladite fausse-tête (12) ayant des éléments réglables de façon à modifier la forme de ladite surface extérieure.Fake-head (12) having an outer surface reproducing the shape of a human skull and intended to be used in combination with a heating device for implementing the personalization method according to one of claims 6 to 9, said headform (12) having members adjustable to change the shape of said outer surface.
EP09005343A 2008-04-24 2009-04-15 Helmet with personalisation means allowing the internal volume to be changed Not-in-force EP2111768B1 (en)

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FR0802303A FR2930408B1 (en) 2008-04-24 2008-04-24 HELMET WITH MEDIUM OF PERSONALIZATION FOR VARIATION OF THE INTERNAL VOLUME

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AT (1) ATE537720T1 (en)
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Publication number Publication date
FR2930408A1 (en) 2009-10-30
US20090265840A1 (en) 2009-10-29
DK2111768T3 (en) 2012-04-16
FR2930408B1 (en) 2011-02-11
EP2111768B1 (en) 2011-12-21
ATE537720T1 (en) 2012-01-15

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