EP2109869B1 - Elektrische steuerungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektrische steuerungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2109869B1
EP2109869B1 EP08707942.2A EP08707942A EP2109869B1 EP 2109869 B1 EP2109869 B1 EP 2109869B1 EP 08707942 A EP08707942 A EP 08707942A EP 2109869 B1 EP2109869 B1 EP 2109869B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit board
printed circuit
sensor
touch
common carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08707942.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2109869A1 (de
Inventor
Patrice Laurent
Xavier Drouin
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Dav SA
Original Assignee
Dav SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2109869A1 publication Critical patent/EP2109869A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H01H13/705—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/81—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by electrical connections to external devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2207/00—Connections
    • H01H2207/004—Printed circuit tail
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/006—Containing a capacitive switch or usable as such
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/01—Miscellaneous combined with other elements on the same substrate
    • H01H2239/014—Miscellaneous combined with other elements on the same substrate on both sides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/076—Key stroke generating power

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical control device by tactile surface, for example a motorized mechanism for opening and / or closing of at least one opening, such as a motorized window, a sunroof, an assistance box motorized closing / opening, motorized tailgate or motorized sliding side door.
  • the invention also applies to an electrical control device by touch surface of an electronic component for a multimedia screen or an air conditioning system.
  • the technology using pressure-sensitive resistors (also known as the FSR sensor for "Force Sensing Resistor”) is more and more ahead of other equivalent technologies, such as capacitive or optical technologies, thanks to its ease of implementation and its robustness.
  • Such sensors are for example known under the name “digitizing tablet” (English name “Digitizer pad”) and are cited as prior art the following documents: US 4,810,992 , US5,008,497 , FR 2683649 or EP 0 541 102 .
  • These sensors comprise semiconductor layers sandwiched between, for example, a conductive layer and a resistive layer.
  • a pressure on the FSR layer By exerting a pressure on the FSR layer, its ohmic resistance decreases, thus making it possible, by application of a suitable voltage, to measure the applied pressure and / or the location of the place where the pressure is exerted.
  • These sensors are integrated in the control devices by connecting their electrical inputs / outputs to a printed circuit board.
  • the printed circuit board allows in particular the power supply and the processing of the sensor signals to determine the position and / or the pressure of a support.
  • the touch-sensitive surface of the sensor and the electrical connections can then be damaged during assembly and the functionality of the sensor destroyed or its reduced life.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electrical control device which makes the control device less fragile and which facilitates its handling during assembly processes.
  • the subject of the invention is an electrical control device by tactile surface comprising a touch-sensitive surface sensor, a printed circuit board, connection means providing the electrical connection between the touch-surface sensor and the circuit board.
  • the connecting means and the touch surface of the sensor being flexible and comprising a connection tab
  • the touch-surface sensor and the printed circuit board being carried by the opposite faces of a common support interposed between said sensor and said card , characterized in that a lateral face of the common support comprises a guiding protrusion of the connection tongue.
  • the figure 1 shows a control device 1 according to the invention integrated in a housing.
  • This device 1 is for example able to control a motorized mechanism (not shown) for opening and / or closing an opening, such as for example a window of a motor vehicle, a sunroof or the boot / tailgate motorized sliding door of a vehicle.
  • this type of device can be adapted to any other electrical control of a motor vehicle such as an electric seat control or light controls such as a ceiling lamp or ambient lighting.
  • the case made of plastic material for example, is formed of a cover 3 and a bottom 5 which fit together and held together by fixing screws 7, such as self-tapping screws, cooperating with associated holes 9 formed on the outer transverse faces of the periphery of the cover 3 after their passage through flanges 11 made in the outer transverse faces of the periphery of the bottom 5 of the housing.
  • the lower portion 12 of the bottom 5 of the housing forms a connector 13 for a male electrical connector for connection to the motorized mechanism for example.
  • Clips 15 are inserted on the outer transverse faces of the periphery of the cover 3 of the housing to connect the housing to the vehicle.
  • Each transverse longitudinal face of the cover 3 has in its center a centering notch 17 (see also on FIG. figure 2 ) cooperating with a rib 19 corresponding disposed in the middle of each of the longitudinal transverse faces of the bottom 5 of the housing so as to center the cover 3 on the bottom 5 of the housing during assembly.
  • a cut 20 can be formed on one of the transverse lateral faces of the bottom 5 of the housing to cooperate with the control device 1, so that there is only one possible direction to assemble the control device 1 on the bottom 5 of the box.
  • the cover 3 of the housing has an opening 21 in which is inserted a coating 23.
  • This coating 23 is for example a skin, made of an elastic material, preferably rubber or silicone. Other more rigid, non-elastic but deformable materials, such as polycarbonate or metal-silicone blend materials, can be used.
  • the skin 23 has a peripheral edge 24 and two transverse ribs 25a, 25b to delimit three active zones 26a, 26b and 26c.
  • the active zone 26a can be used for a closure command of the opening in so-called “manual” mode.
  • the active zone 26b is, for example, an active zone called “sliding", that is to say that not only the support of a finger of the user is detected, but also its movement, in particular the direction of movement of a finger of the user for an opening or closing command of the opening in so-called “automatic” mode.
  • the active zone 26c can be used for an opening command of the opening in so-called “manual" mode.
  • the active areas 26a, 26b and 26c comprise pictograms 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d which can be etched in the skin 23.
  • Each pictogram 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d corresponds to a specific control function.
  • These pictograms 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d are translucent, that is to say they let the light pass, with respect to the rest of the skin 23 which is generally opaque, which makes it possible to make the pictograms visible by a backlight that will be described in more detail below.
  • control device 1 Directly under the coating 23 and enclosed in the housing, are arranged the various elements of the control device 1 according to the invention. These different elements, represented in particular on the figure 2 , comprise a touch-sensitive surface sensor 29, a support 31 for the touch-sensitive sensor 29 and a printed circuit board 33.
  • a touch sensor 29 using pressure-sensitive resistors also known as the FSR sensor for "Force Sensing Resistor" is used.
  • the touch-sensitive surface sensor 29 comprises three adjacent active zones 35, 36 and 37 corresponding to the active zones 26a, 26b and 26c for controlling the specific electrical function described above in these zones.
  • the tactile surface 29 has two inactive side regions 39, also called dead zones. These dead zones are crossed by passages 41 of the signal of the sensor 29.
  • connection means 42 at its end, to provide the electrical connection with the printed circuit board 33.
  • connection means 42 are flexible.
  • connection means 42 are formed by an extension of the sensor 29.
  • guiding means such as a guiding protrusion 44 made in one piece on a lateral face of the support 31 for guiding the connection means 42, which will be described later.
  • the sensor 29 is preferably glued on the upper solid face 43 of the support 31.
  • the support 31 of height D and represented on the Figures 3a and 3b also supports the printed circuit board 33 on its lower longitudinal face 46, opposite to the face 43.
  • the support 31 is thus interposed between the sensor 29 and the printed circuit board 33.
  • removable fixing means such as clipping means 47 of the printed circuit board 33 are provided on the support 31.
  • the clipping means 47 may comprise two lateral notches 45 formed on the opposite sides of the sides of the printed circuit board 33 (see FIG. figure 2 ) and associated elastic clipping arms 48 carried by the support 31.
  • the length of the lateral notches 45 is slightly greater than the width of the elastic clipping arms 48 of the support 31 so that a certain sliding movement on a predefined longitudinal displacement stroke (C) is possible between the printed circuit board 33 and the support 31.
  • the elastic clipping arms 48 may advantageously comprise ribs 61 which cooperate with corresponding centering grooves 64 arranged in the middle of the transverse longitudinal faces of the periphery of the cover 3 to guide it on the control device 1 during the final assembly.
  • the clipping means 47 comprise at least one oblong hole formed in the printed circuit board 33 associated with a rivet-shaped pin comprising at least one pair of retractable elastic arms, carried by the support 31.
  • the pawn is inserted into the associated oblong hole. During the insertion, end portions of each pair of resilient arms of the pin engage and snap into the oblong hole.
  • the printed circuit board 33 advantageously comprises, at an angle, an oblong hole 51 cooperating with an associated positioning pin 53 carried by the support 31 to position the printed circuit board 33 on the support 31.
  • the length of the hole oblong 51 corresponds to the predefined displacement travel of the sliding movement between the printed circuit board 33 and the support 31.
  • the sliding movement allows a slight clearance between the printed circuit board 33 and the bottom 5 of the housing, which then facilitates the assembly of the two parts 3 and 5 of the housing.
  • the support 31 is well positioned relative to the bottom 5 of the housing, it also comprises lateral recessed portions 59 which cooperate with the elastic centering arms 48 of the support 31.
  • the resilient centering arms 48 of the support 31 protrude slightly from the printed circuit board 33 when it is assembled to the support 31.
  • Recessed portions 62 and 63 may also be provided on the transverse faces of the support 31 and the printed circuit board 33 so as to correspond to the holes 9 formed on the transverse outer faces of the periphery of the cover 3 of the housing to guide the device. 1 in the case during the final assembly.
  • the PCB 33 (“Printed Circuit Board” or “PCB” in English) comprises on the one hand the circuits for the power supply and the signal processing of the sensor 29 and, where appropriate, components for triggering a corresponding specific action.
  • the printed circuit board 33 makes it possible in particular to send the signals from the sensor 29 to the communication networks of the vehicle such as the CAN network.
  • the upper face 60 of the printed circuit board 33 comprises at least one light source such as a light-emitting diode 38 for the backlighting of the control device 1, which will be described in detail below.
  • the printed circuit board 33 further comprises, on its lower face 64, connecting pins 40 which are plugged into the connector of the male electrical connector 13 of the lower portion 12 of the bottom 5 of the housing.
  • connection pins 40 of the printed circuit board 33 in the connector of the male electrical connector 13 also guides the control device 1 in the bottom 5 of the housing.
  • connection means 42 are formed by a connection tab 67, itself formed by the extension of the touch-sensitive surface of the sensor. 29.
  • connection tongue 67 is guided by the guiding protrusion 44 formed on a lateral face of the common support 31 to be connected to contacts 69 of the printed circuit board 33 by associated force-mounting connectors 71 which allow a seamless connection.
  • the connecting tab 67 is connected to the lower face 64 of the printed circuit board 33, which facilitates assembly.
  • the touch-surface sensor 29 is preferably held by gluing on the upper solid face 43 of the support 31 and the printed circuit board 33 clipped on the lower face 46, it is understood that the support 31 is common to both the touch-sensitive sensor. 29 to the printed circuit board 33, each being carried by the opposite faces of the common support 31.
  • control device 1 assembled as shown in FIG. figure 4 , easy to integrate into the box and which avoids all the disadvantages of the devices of the state of the art by proposing a connection between the printed circuit board 33 and the sensor touch surface 29 without bending at right angles to the connector and for which the connector is held in position.
  • the control device 1 then constitutes a compact and robust manufacturing unit, which can be handled independently during the assembly phases of the manufacturing processes and for which the prestress applied to the connectors are limited.
  • the coating 23 is placed on the touch surface of the sensor 29 so that the ribs 25a, 25b at the surface delimit the active control zones 35, 36 and 37.
  • control device 1 is further improved. Indeed, thus integrated into the housing, no connection or fragile element exceeds, with the exception of the connection pins 40 themselves protected by the connector of the male electrical connector 13.
  • the guiding protrusion 44 which guides the connecting tongue 67 is formed by fins 73a, 73b and 73c arranged in parallel.
  • Three fins 73a, 73b and 73c are preferably arranged in parallel, so that their edges support the connection tongue 67.
  • each fin 73a, 73b and 73c is particularly adapted so that the connecting tongue 67 perfectly matches the shape of the guide protrusion 44 when the connecting tab 67 is connected to the printed circuit board 33.
  • each fin 73a, 73b and 73c comprise a first rounded portion 75, which is extended by a second straight portion 76, then by a third rounded portion 77 whose angle of curvature corresponds to the angle of curvature of the first rounded portion 75.
  • the rounded portions 75 and 77 make it possible to avoid connections at right angles which could damage the sensor 29.
  • the height of the straight portions of the fins 76 is chosen relative to the height D of the common support 31, the printed circuit board 33 and the connectors, the connection being related in particular to the height of the force-mounting connectors 71.
  • each outer fin 73a, 73c has an outer lateral centering wall 79a, 79b to prevent the connecting tongue 67 from shifting laterally on the guide protrusion 44.
  • the backlighting of the pictograms 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d is achieved by providing light-emitting diodes 38 on the upper longitudinal face 60 of the printed circuit board 33 to illuminate the rear face of the full longitudinal face 43. of the common support 31.
  • a light-emitting diode 38 is provided for each pictogram 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d.
  • the face 43 of the common support 31 supporting the sensor 29 is transparent or translucent as well as the touch surface of the sensor 29 so that the light emitted by the diodes 38, can illuminate the pictograms 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d.
  • the height D of the common support 31 is provided in such a way that the light emitted by each emission cone of each light emitting diode 38 of the printed circuit board 33 forms a light spot larger than or equal to the size of a pictogram. associated 27a, 27b, 27c or 27d to illuminate so that the illumination of pictograms 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d is homogeneous.
  • the touch-sensitive electrical control device 1 whose tactile surface sensor 29 and printed circuit board 33 are carried by the opposite faces of a common support 31, solves the problems of the prior art.
  • the common support 31 provides a manufacturing unit easily manipulated during assembly phases.
  • the device comprises removable fixing means for fixing the printed circuit board 33 on one of the faces of the common support 31, the device is further adapted to facilitate the maintenance phases.
  • connection means 42 providing the electrical connection between the touch-sensitive surface sensor 29 and the printed circuit board 33 and the touch-sensitive surface 29 of the sensor are flexible, and that they are formed by a connecting tab 67 such as extension of the touch surface 29 of the sensor, a side face of the common support 31 may comprise a guiding protrusion 44 of the connecting tab 67.
  • connection between the printed circuit board and the sensor is then protected and reinforced, which reduces the risk of rebus and increase the life of electrical control devices.

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  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Vorrichtung (1) zur elektrischen Steuerung durch berührungsempfindliche Oberfläche, umfassend einen Sensor mit berührungsempfindlicher Oberfläche (29), eine Leiterplatte (33), Anschlussmittel (42), die die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Sensor mit berührungsempfindlicher Oberfläche (29) und der Leiterplatte (33) sicherstellen, wobei die Anschlussmittel (42) und die berührungsempfindliche Oberfläche (29) des Sensors flexibel sind und eine Anschlusslasche (67) umfassen, wobei der Sensor mit berührungsempfindlicher Oberfläche (29) und die Leiterplatte (33) von den entgegengesetzten Seiten eines gemeinsamen Trägers (31), der zwischen dem Sensor (29) und der Platte (33) angeordnet ist, getragen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Seitenfläche des gemeinsamen Trägers (31) einen Führungsvorsprung (44) der Anschlusslasche (67) umfasst.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anschlusslasche (67) durch eine Verlängerung der berührungsempfindlichen Oberfläche (29) des Sensors gebildet ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Führungsvorsprung (44) aus zumindest zwei parallelen Rippen (73a, 73b, 73c) gebildet ist, deren Kanten die Anschlusslasche (67) tragen.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kante jeder Rippe (73a, 73b, 73c) einen ersten abgerundeten Teil (75), einen zweiten geraden Teil (76) und einen dritten abgerundeten Teil (77) umfasst.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede äußere Rippe (73a, 73c) eine äußere Zentrierungs-Seitenwand (79a, 79b) der Anschlusslasche (67) umfasst.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anschlussmittel (42) durch Steckverbinder für kraftschlüssige Befestigung (71) an die Leiterplatte (33) angeschlossen werden.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anschlussmittel (42) auf der Seite der Leiterplatte (33) angeschlossen werden, die der Seite gegenüber der Seite des gemeinsamen Trägers (31) entgegengesetzt ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner abnehmbare Befestigungsmittel zum Befestigen der Leiterplatte (33) auf einer der Seiten des gemeinsamen Trägers (31) umfasst.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abnehmbaren Befestigungsmittel Mittel zum Einrasten (47) der Leiterplatte (33) auf dem gemeinsamen Träger (31) umfassen.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Einrasten ein Langloch, das in der Leiterplatte angeordnet ist, und einen zugehörigen nietenförmigen Stift, der zumindest ein Paar versenkbarer elastischer Arme umfasst, der von dem gemeinsamen Träger getragen wird, umfassen.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Einrasten (47) zwei seitliche Nuten (45), die in der Leiterplatte (33) angeordnet sind, und zwei zugehörige elastische Einrastarme (48), die von dem gemeinsamen Träger (31) getragen werden, umfassen.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Länge der seitlichen Nuten (45) größer ist als die Breite der elastischen Einrastarme (48) des gemeinsamen Trägers (31), um eine Gleitbewegung (C) zwischen der Leiterplatte (33) und dem gemeinsamen Träger (31) zu erlauben.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die berührungsempfindliche Oberfläche (29) des Sensors und die Seite (43) des gemeinsamen Trägers (31), der den Sensor mit berührungsempfindlicher Oberfläche (29) trägt, durchsichtig oder durchscheinend sind, und dadurch, dass die Seite der Leiterplatte (33) gegenüber der Seite (43) des gemeinsamen Trägers (31) zumindest eine Lichtquelle (38), wie beispielsweise eine Leuchtdiode, umfasst.
  14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höhe (D) des gemeinsamen Trägers (31) derart ist, dass das Licht, das von jeder Lichtquelle (38) der Leiterplatte (33) abgegeben wird, einen Lichtfleck bildet, der größer als oder gleichwertig zu der Größe eines zugehörigen Piktogramms (27a, 27b, 27c, 27d) auf der berührungsempfindlichen Oberfläche (29) des Sensors ist, das zu beleuchten ist, vorzugsweise so, dass die Beleuchtung der Piktogramme (27a, 27b, 27c, 27d) homogen ist.
  15. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor mit berührungsempfindlicher Oberfläche (29) ein FSR-Sensor ist.
EP08707942.2A 2007-01-25 2008-01-16 Elektrische steuerungsvorrichtung Active EP2109869B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0700513A FR2911970B1 (fr) 2007-01-25 2007-01-25 Dispositif de commande electrique
PCT/EP2008/050470 WO2008090072A1 (fr) 2007-01-25 2008-01-16 Dispositif de commande électrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2109869A1 EP2109869A1 (de) 2009-10-21
EP2109869B1 true EP2109869B1 (de) 2017-07-26

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EP08707942.2A Active EP2109869B1 (de) 2007-01-25 2008-01-16 Elektrische steuerungsvorrichtung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8106325B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2109869B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2911970B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008090072A1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2911970A1 (fr) 2008-08-01
US20100038223A1 (en) 2010-02-18
US8106325B2 (en) 2012-01-31
WO2008090072A1 (fr) 2008-07-31
FR2911970B1 (fr) 2009-10-02
EP2109869A1 (de) 2009-10-21

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