EP2104839A1 - Procédé pour déterminer et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un récipient selon un procédé de mesure du temps de propagation - Google Patents

Procédé pour déterminer et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un récipient selon un procédé de mesure du temps de propagation

Info

Publication number
EP2104839A1
EP2104839A1 EP07857786A EP07857786A EP2104839A1 EP 2104839 A1 EP2104839 A1 EP 2104839A1 EP 07857786 A EP07857786 A EP 07857786A EP 07857786 A EP07857786 A EP 07857786A EP 2104839 A1 EP2104839 A1 EP 2104839A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
echo
signals
function
search algorithm
useful
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP07857786A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexey Malinovskiy
Edgar Schmitt
Dietmar Spanke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Publication of EP2104839A1 publication Critical patent/EP2104839A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
    • G01F23/2962—Measuring transit time of reflected waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for determining and
  • Level in a container are often used in the measuring instruments of automation and process control technology.
  • the Applicant produces and distributes such level gauges under the names Prosonic, Levelflex and Micropilot, which operate according to the transit time measurement method and serve to determine and / or monitor a level of a medium in a container.
  • These level gauges send a periodic transmission signal in the microwave or ultrasonic range by means of a transmitting / receiving element in the direction of the surface of a medium and receive the reflected echo signals after a distance-dependent transit time.
  • microwave level gauges can be basically divided into two classes; a first class in which the microwaves are sent by means of an antenna in the direction of the medium, reflected on the Medgutober Structure and then received again after a distance-dependent run time and a second class, in which the microwaves are guided along a waveguide in the direction of the medium at the Medgutober decoration be reflected due to the impedance jump existing there and the reflected waves along the waveguide are led back again.
  • Echo amplitudes formed as a function of the duration echo function representing each value of this echo function of the amplitude of a reflected at a certain distance from the transmitting element echo.
  • a true echo is determined, which is the Reflection of the transmission signal on the product surface corresponds. From the transit time of the useful echo, the distance between the product surface and the transmitter element results directly at a known propagation speed of the transmission signals.
  • the received raw signal of the pulse sequences are not used, but it is the envelope, the so-called envelope, determined.
  • the envelope is obtained, for example, by rectifying the raw signal of the pulse trains and then filtering them via a low-pass filter.
  • the useful echo which has a greater amplitude than the other echoes, is selected by a static echo search algorithm.
  • the echo in the envelope with the largest amplitude is determined as the true echo.
  • the useful echo is the first incoming echo in the envelope after the transmit pulse.
  • the first echo in the envelope is selected as the true echo.
  • the first echo factor is a given factor by which an echo must exceed a certain amplitude in order to be recognized as useful echo.
  • a delay-dependent echo threshold may be defined which must exceed an echo in order to be recognized as a true echo.
  • the level gauge is notified once the current level.
  • the level gauge can be based on the predetermined level identify the associated echo as a true echo and track eg by a suitable dynamic echo search algorithm. Such methods are called echo tracking.
  • maxima of the echo signal or the echo function are determined, for example, in each measurement cycle and the useful echo is determined on the basis of the knowledge of the fill level determined in the preceding measurement cycle and an application-specific maximum expected rate of change of the fill level. From a running time of the current useful echo thus determined, the new fill level results.
  • a fourth method is described in DE 102 60 962 A1.
  • the useful echo is determined based on previously stored in a memory data.
  • echo functions are derived from received echo signals which reproduce the amplitudes of the echo signals as a function of their transit time.
  • the echo functions are stored in a table, each column serving to record one echo function each.
  • the echo functions are stored in the columns in an order which corresponds to the fill level associated with the respective echo functions.
  • the wanted echo and the associated fill level are determined by means of the echo function of the current transmit signal with the aid of the table.
  • a fifth method is described in which periodically transmission signals are sent in the direction of the contents, whose echo signals are recorded and converted into an echo function, at least one echo property of the echo function is determined, and based on the echo properties at least a prediction is derived from a prediction of the echo properties expected in the current measurement.
  • the echo properties of the current measurement are determined using the prediction, and the actual fill level is determined on the basis of the echo properties. This method comes close to echo tracking in the broadest sense.
  • measurement problems occur if fittings are present in the container, which reflect the transmission signals better than the Gregutober Design.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved, adapted and self-learning method for evaluating useful echo signals in echo curves of the transit time measurement of measurement signals.
  • FIG. 2 shows an echo function with a valuation function determined by a static echo search algorithm
  • FIG. 3 shows an echo function with echo tracking determined by a dynamic echo search algorithm.
  • a working according to the transit time measurement method measuring device 1 for determining the level F of a medium 7 is shown, which is mounted on a container 5 to a nozzle.
  • the measuring device 1 shown is a transmitting / receiving element 6 radiating freely into the process space with a measuring transducer 9.
  • the measuring transducer 9 has at least one transmitting / receiving unit 3, which carries out the generation and the reception of the measuring signals, a control / Evaluation unit 4, which enables the signal processing of the measurement signals and for controlling the measuring device 1, and also a communication unit 2, which controls and regulates the communication via a bus system and the power supply of the measuring device 1 on.
  • a memory element is integrated, in which the measurement parameters and echo parameters are stored and stored in the measurement factors and echo factors.
  • the transmitting / receiving element 6 is embodied in this embodiment, for example, as a horn antenna, but can be configured as a transmitting / receiving element 6 any known antenna form, such as rod or planar antenna.
  • a measuring signal is generated for example in the form of a high-frequency transmission signal S and emitted via the transmitting / receiving element 6 in a predetermined emission characteristic in the direction of medium 7.
  • the transmission signals S reflected at the boundary surface 8 of the medium 7 are received again as a reflection signal R by the transmission / reception element 6 and the transmission / reception unit 3.
  • the downstream control / evaluation unit 2 determines from the reflection signals R an echo function 10 which determines the amplitudes of the Echo signals 14 of these reflection signals R as a function of the distance covered x or the corresponding transit time t represents.
  • an analog / digital conversion of the analog echo function 10 or the echo curve 10 a digitized envelope 11 is generated.
  • the term of the echo function 10 is used, whereby this term also implies the terms of the echo curve 10, the envelope function or the envelope 11.
  • An echo function 10 depicting the measurement situation in the container 5 is shown as being proportional to the running distance x of the transmission signal S.
  • reference lines are associated with the corresponding echo signals 18 in the echo function 10, so that the cause-and-effect principle can be detected at a glance.
  • the Abkling or the so-called ringing is seen, which can arise due to multiple reflections or by accumulation in the transmitting / receiving element 6 or the nozzle.
  • the inventive method is not only alone, as shown explicitly in Fig. 1, implemented in free radiating microwave measuring devices 1, but an application of the method according to the invention is in other transit time measurement systems, such as TDR measuring devices or ultrasonic measuring devices executable.
  • FIG. 2 A static approach to determine the level is shown in the echo function 10 in Fig. 2.
  • the echo function 10 of FIG. 1 is enlarged and shown rotated in the horizontal.
  • the required transit time t or the travel path x of the measurement signal in the container 5 is plotted on the abscissa axis, and the ordinate axis contains the amplitude values Amp of the echo function 10.
  • a weighting curve B is presented, which is determined by means of a static echo search algorithm, for example a mathematical filter function in the form of a sliding averaging, from the respective echo function 10 or an echo function 10 determined during commissioning in the empty container 5.
  • This evaluation curve B is used to determine the useful echo signals 15 in the echo function 10.
  • this evaluation curve B is used as a reference or abort criterion for the static echo search algorithm 12 of useful echo signals 15 in the echo function 10.
  • the static echo search algorithm 12 of useful echo signals 15 in the echo function 10.
  • a Ausblendkurve D is shown, based on the interference signals R and noise signals N, which may arise, for example, by interference reflections on internals in the container, by multipath propagation and by multimode propagation, by foam and accumulation of the medium and by turbulent media surfaces are hidden.
  • the parameters also include information about the geometry of the container 5 used, an empty distance at which the level gauge 1 is to recognize that a container filled with the medium 7 is empty, and an upper level limit at which the level gauge 1 is to recognize that the Container 5 is full.
  • Selection rules for determining the useful echo signal 15 also play an important role. These static selection rules are often referred to in industry as the first echo factor.
  • such static selection rules may specify that the echo with the shortest transit time is to be selected as the wanted echo, that the echo having the greatest amplitude is to be selected as the wanted echo, or that the wanted echo is selected by means of a weighting function which determines the transit times and amplitudes of the echo Echo signals taken into account.
  • Fig. 3 a slightly enlarged view of the echo function of FIG. 2 with a combination of the static echo search algorithm 12 and the dynamic echo search algorithm 13 according to the invention shown. Due to the changing of measuring conditions or changes to the measuring device 1, the determined echo function changes 10.
  • the current echo function 10 is represented by a continuous line and the old echo function 10 is shown as a dotted line.
  • the direct comparison makes it possible to determine position changes dx of the position X 1 and amplitude changes dA of the amplitude A 1 in the echo signals 14 and the wanted echo signal 15.
  • echo tracking of the echo signals 14 and the useful echo signal 15 is performed by means of a dynamic echo tracking algorithm 13.
  • Either the position X 1 of the useful echo signal 15 is determined for this purpose before a first measuring cycle by means of a static echo search algorithm 12 or the position X 1 of the useful echo signal 15 is selected by the operator of the measuring device 1 from the illustrated echo function 10 or envelope 11 or entered as a corresponding parameter ,
  • a search window 19 is placed by the dynamic echo search algorithm 13.
  • Be the search window 19 has a predetermined width and height and is arranged such that, starting from the position X 1 by a change in position dx in both opposite directions by the echo signal 14 or wanted the useful echo signal 15 can.
  • the vertex or a defined point in the region of the echo signal 14 or the wanted echo signal 15 is used.
  • the width and height of the search windows can also be adapted to the height and pulse width of the echo signal 14 and the useful echo signal 15, for example. From the change in position dx and the change in amplitude dA conclusions can be made on changes in the Ausblendkurve D, the evaluation curve B and the echo parameters E. The evaluation curve B and the Ausblendkurve D are recalculated or adjusted based on the new position data of the echo signals 14 and the useful echo signals 15. By this method according to the invention, the static echo search algorithm 12 due to the changes in the determination parameters, such. B. the Ausblendkurve D, the evaluation curve B and the echo parameters E, adapted to the changing measurement conditions.
  • the change history of the blanking curve D, the evaluation curve B and the echo parameters E are stored in what is known as a drag pointer 20, which records a minimum and maximum state. Based on the above-described first echo factor, the range between the minimum state and the maximum state of the first echo factor in the slave pointer 20 indicates the range in which a determination of the wanted echo signal 15 is possible.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour déterminer et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un récipient au moyen d'un appareil de terrain selon un procédé de mesure du temps de propagation. Selon l'invention, des signaux émis sont émis et des signaux réfléchis sont reçus, les signaux réfléchis reçus sont détectés sous la forme de signaux d'écho dans une fonction d'écho, une courbe de masquage, des courbes d'évaluation et/ou des paramètres d'écho des signaux d'écho sont déterminés ou prédéfinis dans la fonction d'écho dans un premier cycle de mesure puis enregistrés, la position et/ou l'amplitude d'au moins un signal d'écho utile sont déterminées au moyen d'un algorithme de recherche d'écho statique par le biais de la courbe de masquage, la courbe d'évaluation, les paramètres d'écho, un suivi continu de l'écho des changements de position et/ou des changements d'amplitude des signaux d'écho individuels et/ou du signal d'écho utile étant réalisé dans la fonction d'écho au moyen d'un algorithme de recherche d'écho dynamique, et la courbe de masquage, la courbe d'évaluation et/ou les paramètres d'écho de l'algorithme de recherche d'écho statique sont adaptés de manière correspondante au moyen des changements de position et/ou des changements d'amplitude des signaux d'écho utiles individuels.
EP07857786A 2006-12-29 2007-12-19 Procédé pour déterminer et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un récipient selon un procédé de mesure du temps de propagation Ceased EP2104839A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006062606A DE102006062606A1 (de) 2006-12-29 2006-12-29 Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Überwachung des Füllstands eines Mediums in einem Behälter nach einem Laufzeitverfahren
PCT/EP2007/064163 WO2008080840A1 (fr) 2006-12-29 2007-12-19 Procédé pour déterminer et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un récipient selon un procédé de mesure du temps de propagation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2104839A1 true EP2104839A1 (fr) 2009-09-30

Family

ID=39232843

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07857786A Ceased EP2104839A1 (fr) 2006-12-29 2007-12-19 Procédé pour déterminer et surveiller le niveau d'un fluide dans un récipient selon un procédé de mesure du temps de propagation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8276444B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2104839A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101573596B (fr)
DE (1) DE102006062606A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008080840A1 (fr)

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DE102015120736B4 (de) * 2015-11-30 2022-07-14 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Verfahren und Füllstandsmessgerät zur Bestimmung des Füllstands eines in einem Behälter befindlichen Füllgutes
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8276444B2 (en) 2012-10-02
CN101573596B (zh) 2013-09-11
DE102006062606A1 (de) 2008-07-03
WO2008080840A1 (fr) 2008-07-10
US20100162811A1 (en) 2010-07-01
CN101573596A (zh) 2009-11-04

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