EP2104576A1 - Procede de decontamination active d'un milieu poreux impregne d'eau tels que sols, sediments et vases - Google Patents
Procede de decontamination active d'un milieu poreux impregne d'eau tels que sols, sediments et vasesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2104576A1 EP2104576A1 EP07858731A EP07858731A EP2104576A1 EP 2104576 A1 EP2104576 A1 EP 2104576A1 EP 07858731 A EP07858731 A EP 07858731A EP 07858731 A EP07858731 A EP 07858731A EP 2104576 A1 EP2104576 A1 EP 2104576A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reagent
- medium
- decontamination
- treated
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
- B09C1/085—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically electrochemically, e.g. by electrokinetics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the active decontamination of a porous medium impregnated with water such as: soils, sediments and vases.
- the method is more particularly but not exclusively applicable to harbor sediment type media and dredging vessels and also to less complex soils.
- the method relates to the decontamination of porous media polluted by contaminants of the organotin compounds type and in particular by tributyltin.
- sediments and vases are complex soils formed of elementary or agglomerated particles found in lakes, estuaries, rivers and oceans, of mineral and organic origin. Sediments come from erosion of soils and rocks, transport of oceanic seabed, or anthropogenic inputs. More specifically, the sediments consist mainly of organic matter, silica and aluminosilicates, iron oxides, carbonates, sulphites and interstitial water.
- the vases generally consist of - a mineral matrix, an organic fraction, - a certain quantity of water, present in different forms.
- Sediments and vases are complex porous media composed of heterogeneous compounds. These compounds have stronger bonds with pollutants than in ordinary soils. Everything happens as if the molecules of the contaminating elements were trapped. As a result, treatments for decontamination are more difficult than for any other type of soil. Contamination of soils and in particular port sediments and vases is linked to industrial activities but also to urban and agricultural discharges.
- Contaminants include heavy metals and also organic or inorganic forms of these metals.
- heavy metals include mercury, cadmium and arsenic, followed by chromium, lead, copper, nickel, and zinc.
- TBT TriButyltin
- TBT is a potent biocide that is found in sediments and affects the fauna and flora in this biotope.
- one can also meet toxic organic molecules such as pesticides, PCBs
- Thermal treatment processes expensive decontamination in energy
- - Physico-chemical processes namely ultrasonic treatments, microwave treatments and electrochemical treatments.
- the electrodecontamination process exploits the displacement of ionic polluting species under the effect of an electric field between one or more cathodes and one or more anodes implanted in the porous medium impregnated with water.
- the depollution is carried out essentially: for the ionic species (metals, arsenic.) By electromigration towards the corresponding electrode (cathode for the cations and anode for the anions); - for neutral species (organic or organometallic neutral compounds) by electroosmosis, usually towards the cathode.
- Soil changes during electromigration occur with this process. These are variations in the pH between the electrodes, variations in the chemical species present in the soil solution resulting from different chemical reactions including dissolution, precipitation or complexation.
- the mobility of certain pollutants may be modified. So according to nature pollutants, the reactions mentioned above can increase, decrease or even stop the depollution.
- the electrodecontamination process finds limits in the applications to any type of medium and / or to any type of pollutants mentioned above.
- the first method is based on the principle of a biological or chemical treatment operated on a dehydrated matrix by lagooning or filtering, it leads to a decontamination of the treated matrix. Whether chemical or biological, this method however has major drawbacks in particular the slowness of the decontamination process and also the cost of biological or chemical additives.
- the second method is based on the principle of physical separation operated on a partially dehydrated matrix.
- the sediments pass for this in a hydrocyclone. This process does not lead to decontamination, the physical separation displaces the polluted particles and concentrates them in the dehydrated sediment. This is a pretreatment requiring additional treatment.
- Dl it is an electrolysis process treating a suspension introduced into a reactor with separate compartments and comprising an anode zone and a cathode zone separated by a diaphragm.
- strongly acidic ( ⁇ 3) or strongly basic ( ⁇ 12) reducing conditions are maintained in in the cathode zone.
- the process comprises two stages, the dissolution of the heavy metals contained in the solid and the separation of these from the solid phase and interstitial water. This separation is performed by electroplating the metals on the cathode.
- This patent application mainly describes the conditions which favor the deposition (speed of introduction of the suspension, possibly presence of several cathodes at different potentials, nature of the cathode, imposed current density, etc.)
- electroplating which is explicitly intended for heavy metals and more particularly for easily reducible metals; the examples are made on lead and mercury and once on tin, without speciation speciation. It is not clear how one skilled in the art could generalize the method used in this process to organotins whose electroreduction has not hitherto been studied on a solid electrode.
- D2 it is an electrolytic process which concerns in this case, organometallic but, the principle of the process consists in the electrolytic generation of a reagent in the water coming from the treatment of a suspension of a solid.
- the reagent may, for example, be the hypochlorites generated by oxidation of an NaCl solution between pH 6 and 8.
- the process used is electroflotation which is described as a combination of electrolytic, chemical and physical processes. Through oxidation processes, TBT is broken down into less toxic organic compounds. The process introduces a pretreatment step in a container where a pH adjustment is carried out using acid or base and possibly a conductivity adjustment. Then, the raw process water is transferred to an electroflotation reactor equipped with a soluble aluminum or iron anode. In this reactor, oxygen from the electrolysis of water oxidizes contaminants while hydrogen bubbles flotation flocs formed between aluminum or iron oxides and oxidized contaminants. The upper phase which contains the flocs is separated from the clarified water which is recycled while the formed sludge is directed to a filter press.
- D4 (EP 0614709 A2) describes a method of in situ treatment of a contaminated soil, by passing the electric current between two electrodes located on the side and other of the contaminated area with creation of at least one liquid permeable zone and the introduction inside a pollutant treatment zone of materials such as sand + activated charcoal. To this may be added changes in polarity between the electrodes and a recycling of water. This method relies on various techniques to create this permeable zone such as hydrofracturing, pneumatic or impulse fracture, trenching, drilling and mixing, etc. and on the materials used in this treatment area
- D5 EP 0312174 A1 describes a method that uses the principle of transporting electric current between two or more electrodes. The method is based on the control of the neighboring regions of the anode (s) and cathode (s) by surrounding the electrodes with a conductive or pasty liquid with possibly circulation systems and addition of one or more conditioning agents to control the aqueous medium in the regions adjacent to the electrodes. This document also describes the housing characteristics for the electrodes (permeability to ions as in porous ceramic).
- D6 US 6,221,224, B1 describes, as in the previous document, a method using anodes and cathodes disposed in wells but it is essentially focused on the management of fluids in these housings which have a manifold (ie a set of pipes and valves) common to the power supply and the recovery in communication with all the anodic and cathodic wells and a flow control system.
- the process relates to the flow control system and the accessories (metal sensors, pH voltage, ..) but also on a system for monitoring the physical and chemical properties of anodic and cathodic fluids, which essentially relates to the pH.
- the process according to the invention provides an efficient and economically viable industrial solution for the decontamination of soils polluted by organotin compounds that do not have the drawbacks of the state of the art.
- the method according to the invention does not rely on an electrolysis method and is therefore not limited by the nature of the electrodes as is the case with the methods just cited because electrolysis exploits the reactions of electrodes.
- the method according to the invention is based on an electrodecontamination technique, that is to say a technique that uses the electrokinetic transport of ions and / or neutral molecules to the electrodes. Electrolysis of water may occur but is not sought as such and is often a troublesome reaction.
- the very principle of the electrodecontamination developed in these processes imposes periods of implementation too long for an industrial operation especially in-situ.
- the proposed method makes it possible to accelerate the decontamination process and to have an extensive control of the properties of the treated medium.
- the present invention proposes a decontamination process capable of controlling the physicochemical properties of the medium in an extended zone not limited to the vicinity of the electrodes as in the prior art.
- the method makes it possible to ensure a control of the electrokinetic conditions wider, which can contain all the interelectrode space and this by introducing at least one reagent distributed in the treated medium to ensure the pH regulation.
- the proposed method thus saves time for the decontamination of a given surface.
- the present invention is applicable to the active decontamination of any porous medium impregnated with water.
- the method is advantageously applied to soils of complex structure such as harbor sediments or vases but also to non-complex soils.
- the invention therefore more particularly relates to a process for the active decontamination of a porous medium impregnated with water polluted with organotin compounds, mainly characterized in that it comprises a step of electrodecontamination comprising the implantation of at least two electrodes in the treated medium between which an electric field is applied and the introduction of at least one reagent distributed in the treated medium.
- the proposed method makes it possible to decontaminate any type of soil polluted in particular by compounds organotins, and more particularly the complex soils because it solves: the problem of the phenomenon of precipitation of certain forms of metals that one seeks to eliminate and which usually occurs with the technique of electrodécontamination and this by the presence of the reagent which facilitates the phenomenon of migration towards the electrodes, the problem of the application of electrodecontamination to complex soils such as sediments and vases, the presence of the reagent improving the flow of the neutral species; and facilitating some degradation processes,
- organotin compounds which are found mainly in port sediments or vases.
- the reagent may be in solid form and be spread on the surface of the medium to be treated, and pass into the liquid phase by solution in the water present in the medium or added.
- the reagent can be introduced in a liquid form by spraying, the solid particles having been diluted in water.
- the reagent may be in solid or liquid form and be distributed by mixing with the medium to be treated.
- the mixture can be made by a mechanical machine that will stir the sediment by incorporating the reagent.
- Mixing can also be accomplished by spilling the sediment by means of a nozzle and incorporation into the spilled stream, solid state reagent or reagent-containing liquid.
- the proposed method provides a solution for the decontamination of porous solids such as sediments and vases contaminated with organotins, in particular contaminated with tributyltin.
- the reagent used is advantageously in this case a base such as sodium hydroxide for example.
- FIG. FIG. 2 the decontamination scheme of a tributyltin molecule
- FIG. 3 the simplified diagram of a system for implementing the process.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to treat a soil such as a porous medium impregnated with water polluted with organotin compounds by means of active electrodecontamination. It is recalled that an electrodecontamination is a technique (distinct from an electrolysis) based on the migration of charged pollutant compounds in the treated medium, thanks to a potential difference applied in the ground by means of two electrodes.
- electrodecontamination is carried out in the presence of at least one reagent that is introduced into the treated medium on which are implanted at least two electrodes.
- the reagent is distributed in the medium to be treated. Thus it helps to ensure pH regulation and speed up the process.
- the reagent may be a reducing agent or a complexing agent. Illustrated in the diagram of Figure 1 the various movements had set during January 1 beachdécontamination:
- Electroosmosis it is a movement of the interstitial solution that takes place under the influence of an electric field. It flows generally towards the cathode C;
- Electromigration This is the main movement encountered during this process. It is about the migration of ionic species thanks to an electric field applied in the ground.
- the anions charged molecules
- the cations charged molecules +
- Electrode chemistry involves a phenomenon: 1 electrolysis of water. It is a double chemical reaction that takes place at the anode and at the cathode.
- H + ions migrate faster than OH- ions because of their mass.
- the H + and OH- ions migrate all along the cell and meet in the soil to recombine into water molecules creating a strongly resistant neutral pH zone and consequently a uneven and therefore less efficient distribution of the voltage gradient.
- This reagent R makes it possible in particular to neutralize and according to its physico-chemical properties, the reagent is also likely to allow desorption.
- the reagent also makes it possible to improve the phenomenon of degradation of the polluting molecules in order to modify the kinetics of transport to the electrodes.
- the combination of the application of an electric field and the introduction of a distributed reagent into the treated medium accelerates the decontamination process also because the reagent dissolves more rapidly, the migration of the OH ions is accelerated.
- the decontamination process makes it possible to act in an extended zone that is not limited to the vicinity of the electrodes as in the prior art.
- the method makes it possible to ensure a control of the larger electrokinetic conditions, which can contain all the interelectrode space by ensuring a pH control by means of the reagent R, the reagent R being introduced into the treated medium.
- the reagent is distributed in said medium either by spreading it on the surface of said medium or by performing a sprinkling of the surface or by mixing it in the middle.
- the reagent R is in solid form, it is then spread on the surface of the medium to be treated. This reagent passes into the liquid phase by solution in the water present in the medium. This mode is advantageous for very humid environments such as mud. If the medium is not sufficiently moist, then it may be planned to water dissolve the reagent.
- the reagent R is introduced in liquid form by spraying, the solid particles having been diluted in water.
- This example is advantageous in the case of a pretreatment of the medium typically after dehydration.
- the reagent is solid or in liquid form, it can also be distributed by mixing with the medium to be treated. This mixture can be made by a mechanical machine capable of stirring the soil on which the reagent is distributed. The mixture can be made by pouring the medium to be treated and incorporation into the spilled stream of medium to be treated, the reagent in solid or liquid form.
- the reagent is introduced under controlled pH conditions, either acidic or basic.
- the reagent R may according to the invention be a reducing agent.
- the reducing agent may be ascorbic acid or its basic form (ascorbate). This choice also makes it possible to have a better degradation of the TBT molecule.
- the reducer is formic acid.
- the reagent R may according to the invention be a complexing agent.
- the complexing agent used is an amino acid such as alanine or a mixture of amino acids.
- the complexing agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
- the process is particularly applicable to the decontamination of soils polluted with tributyltin (TBT).
- TBT tributyltin
- Decontamination of soils polluted with tribulyltin (TBT) can be carried out according to the process in basic medium with soda reagent. For very carbonate sediments, soda can be used.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to work in acid medium but also basic with a pH ranging from 1 to 14 and more particularly from 1 to 12 or 13.
- the medium to be treated is placed in windrows 11, ...
- each swath to define the perimeter on which can act the decontamination system in place.
- the decontamination treatments can be done on several windrows 11 ... each having an area of several m2 and each of which is implanted with 2 electrodes, anode A and a cathode C.
- SE sources energy supply
- windrow swath decontaminations can be carried out, that is to say a series treatment. Conventionally, it will be used or not, depending on the working conditions, wells to recover the effluents around the electrodes.
- the application of the electric field E may be permanent over a given period (for example, one or more days) or discontinuous, the field being in this case applied for shorter periods (a few hours) renewed over a given period.
- the reagent R is spread on the surface of the windrow and dissolved in the medium impregnated with water contained in the swath.
- the process which has just been described can be carried out in situ or ex situ. It allows decontamination of all types of pollutants and in particular TBT. The cost of Decontamination treatment is competitive compared to other techniques.
- the treatment time is relatively short compared to other in-situ processes (Chemical, biological, thermal stabilization ).
- the decontamination can reach efficiencies greater than 99% after 350 hours of tests; during these experiments, without any particular attempt at recycling, the flow of reagent solution amounts to 6.25 liters per hour and per square meter of cross-section electrodes.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0655119A FR2909016B1 (fr) | 2006-11-27 | 2006-11-27 | Procede de decontamination active d'un milieu poreux impregne d'eau, tel que sols, sediments et vases. |
| PCT/FR2007/052391 WO2008065296A1 (fr) | 2006-11-27 | 2007-11-23 | Procede de decontamination active d'un milieu poreux impregne d'eau tels que sols, sediments et vases |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2104576A1 true EP2104576A1 (fr) | 2009-09-30 |
Family
ID=38289440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07858731A Withdrawn EP2104576A1 (fr) | 2006-11-27 | 2007-11-23 | Procede de decontamination active d'un milieu poreux impregne d'eau tels que sols, sediments et vases |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2104576A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2909016B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2008065296A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114951258A (zh) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-30 | 四川省自然资源科学研究院(四川省生产力促进中心) | 一种利用植物提取液联合ek-prb修复土壤的方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL8702437A (nl) * | 1987-10-13 | 1989-05-01 | Geo Kinetics B V I O | Werkwijze voor het conditioneren van grondmateriaal door elektrokinetische behandeling, elektrisch stroomsysteem voor toepassing van de werkwijze alsmede elektrode-behuizing voor toepassing in het elektrische stroomsysteem. |
| US5398756A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1995-03-21 | Monsanto Company | In-situ remediation of contaminated soils |
| US6221224B1 (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 2001-04-24 | Lynntech, Inc. | Fluid management system for electrokinetic remediation |
| DE19953056B4 (de) * | 1998-11-03 | 2004-08-12 | Tuhh-Technologie-Gmbh | Elektrochemisches Verfahren zum Abbau von Organometallverbindungen in Baggergut und Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| EP1216205A1 (fr) * | 1999-08-26 | 2002-06-26 | Zinnex GmbH | Procede de detoxication de boues portuaires |
| US20070142693A1 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2007-06-21 | Ebara Corporation | Clarification method and apparatus for material contaminated with heavy metals |
-
2006
- 2006-11-27 FR FR0655119A patent/FR2909016B1/fr active Active
-
2007
- 2007-11-23 EP EP07858731A patent/EP2104576A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-11-23 WO PCT/FR2007/052391 patent/WO2008065296A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008065296A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2909016B1 (fr) | 2010-11-12 |
| FR2909016A1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 |
| WO2008065296A1 (fr) | 2008-06-05 |
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Inventor name: TELLIER, SYLVAINE Inventor name: DONARD, OLIVIER Inventor name: YVON, YAN Inventor name: CHEVALIER, MICHEL |
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Owner name: EGIS STRUCTURES ET ENVIRONNEMENT Owner name: UNIVERSITE DE PAU ET DES PAYS DE L'ADOUR Owner name: CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (CNRS |
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