EP2102576B1 - Échangeur modulaire pour un système de refroidissement automobile - Google Patents

Échangeur modulaire pour un système de refroidissement automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2102576B1
EP2102576B1 EP08702246.3A EP08702246A EP2102576B1 EP 2102576 B1 EP2102576 B1 EP 2102576B1 EP 08702246 A EP08702246 A EP 08702246A EP 2102576 B1 EP2102576 B1 EP 2102576B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exchanger
modular
fluid
plate
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08702246.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2102576A2 (fr
Inventor
Carlo Tossi
Paolo Mussi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TI Automotive Cisliano SRL
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TI Automotive Cisliano SRL
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Publication date
Application filed by TI Automotive Cisliano SRL filed Critical TI Automotive Cisliano SRL
Publication of EP2102576A2 publication Critical patent/EP2102576A2/fr
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Publication of EP2102576B1 publication Critical patent/EP2102576B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0012—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form
    • F28D9/0018—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form without any annular circulation of the heat exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/048—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of ribs integral with the element or local variations in thickness of the element, e.g. grooves, microchannels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing

Definitions

  • the present invention regards a modular exchanger for an automotive refrigeration system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • WO 99/66279 discloses such a modular exchanger.
  • the automotive industry refrigeration systems comprise a circuit within which the refrigerant flows.
  • Such circuit which in turn comprises a refrigerating exchanger which uses the external air, an expansion valve (lamination), an evaporator and a compressor.
  • the use of the additional exchanger entails greater space requirements of the system and further piping of the refrigerant.
  • an automotive refrigeration system 1 comprises a circuit 2 within which the refrigerant flows.
  • a low pressure operating fluid Fb carbon dioxide, CO 2
  • Fb low pressure operating fluid
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • the pressurised fluid Fa is expanded and converted into low pressure fluid Fb which removes the enthalpy from the environment to be refrigerated.
  • the circuit 2 comprises a refrigerating exchanger 3 which uses external air to cool the pressurised fluid Fa, downstream of the exchanger 3 the circuit is provided with an expansion valve 4 which provides for the lamination of the pressurised fluid Fa converting it into low pressure fluid Fb.
  • an evaporator 5 which implements the useful effect of the system removing heat from the environment to be refrigerated according to the exchange indicated by arrow C2.
  • the fluid Fb flowing out of the evaporator has two phases in that the evaporation is not complete and some drops of liquid L present are drawn by the vapour V.
  • the fluid might also draw very small amounts of lubricating oil in form of drops.
  • the system comprises an accumulator 6 arranged downstream of the evaporator and upstream of a compressor 7 and having the function of guaranteeing continuous flow of the fluid into the compressor 7.
  • Such modular exchanger 10 is intended for the recovery of the enthalpy of the pressurised operating fluid Fa subsequently transferring it to the low pressure operating fluid Fb in such a manner to complete the evaporation of the fluid Fb.
  • exchanger suitably provided with connections can be installed at any position within the system: on the accumulator, on the external air/CO2 exchanger, on the pipes, suitably according to the geometries of the system and depending on the components provided.
  • the modular exchanger 10 comprises at least one exchanger pack 11 in turn comprising a battery of stacked exchange plates 20 and it is closed at the ends by a closure plate 12 and a base flange 13 respectively.
  • Each exchange plate of the exchanger pack has a first surface 21 furrowed by a plurality of parallel grooves 22, and a second flat continuous surface 23, opposite to the first.
  • the exchange plates 20 are juxtaposed in such a manner that the grooves 22 of an exchange plate define, cooperating with the continuous flat surface 23 of an overlapped plate, a series of parallel pipes 24 for the circulation of the pressurised operating fluid Fa or low pressure operating fluid Fb.
  • the exchange plates are joined by means of brazing, preferably under vacuum, for air-tight sealing even when subjected to high pressure conditions.
  • the exchanger pack or the overlapped exchanger packs, are fastened between the closure plate 12 and the base flange 13 which are provided with through holes 53, provided correspondingly also on the exchange plates 20, in order to allow fastening by means of bolts or by means of screws inter-engaged in corresponding holes 73 made on the upper portion of the accumulator 6 when the exchanger 10 is made in a manner such to be integrated with the latter.
  • Such through holes 53 have the end 54, opening in the closure plate, widened to accommodate the head of the fastening screw.
  • each of such exchange plates 20 is a plurality of first and second openings 51, 52 respectively having the inlet/outlet function or the function of passing the fluid Fa, Fb.
  • a separation plate 15 provided with openings 51 and 52 and through holes 53 is interposed between the exchanger packs.
  • the first exchange plate 20 of the first pack 11 present in the stack cooperates with the continuous flat surface 23 of the closure plate 12 for the formation of pipes 24 while the first plates of the other exchanger packs arranged below which may be present cooperate with the corresponding continuous flat surfaces 23 of the separation plates.
  • the pressurised fluid Fa and the low pressure fluid Fb circulate without mixing, on alternating exchange plates 20.
  • each exchange plate 20 The pipes 24 of each exchange plate 20 are arranged perpendicularly to the pipes 24 of the exchange plate arranged above and/or below.
  • Each exchange plate thus comprises first openings 51 arranged at the ends of the grooves 22, wherein said grooves 22 converge allowing passage of the fluid between the corresponding exchange plates 20, in other words between alternating exchange plates.
  • Such first openings 51 intercept two or more grooves and they are made offset along diametrically opposite edge portions of each exchange plate 20.
  • such openings 51 are seven per each end of the series of parallel grooves 22, thus summing up to fourteen per each exchange plate and they are configured shaped in such a manner to optimise the resistance of the exchange plates to high operating pressures to which these are subject.
  • each exchange plate is correspondingly provided with fourteen second openings 52 intended for the transfer of the fluid between alternating plates.
  • the grooves 22 are made of different lengths in such a manner to keep their ends far apart and thus position the openings 51 or 53 offset distancing them from each other to obtain a greater structural resistance of the plate.
  • the closure plate of the exchanger is also passed through by seats for the refrigerant transfer blocks, respectively a first seat 60 for the inlet of the pressurised refrigerant Fa and a second seat 61 for the outlet of the low pressure refrigerant Fb.
  • the base flange 13 is provided with seats 80 and 83 in which the transfer nozzles are brazed, respectively an Fa fluid outlet nozzle 81 and an Fb fluid inlet nozzle 82, into the exchanger.
  • Such seats 80, 83 open internally in two separated chambers 55 obtained on the surface of the flange 13 and which connect openings 51 52 respectively.
  • Such nozzles 81, 82 can be directly inserted into corresponding holes made in the upper portion of the accumulator which, as required, is provided with seats 70 and 71.
  • each seat is a threaded fastening hole 73 of the blocks to be inserted into the seat or of the end portion of the screws which secure the exchanger against the accumulator.
  • the latter is shaped cylindrically and preferably it has a diameter substantially equivalent to the diameter of the accumulator in such a manner to be integrated with the latter into a single body, when assembled on the accumulator as shown in figure 6 .
  • each exchanger pack includes sixteen alternating plates and the modular exchanger 10 has two exchanger packs.
  • both such numbers may vary depending on the preset exchange parameters and the overall dimensions of the system.
  • FIG 8b A further developed and alternative embodiment of the exchanger is illustrated in figure 8b and provides for a different sequence of the plates inside the exchanger packs.
  • each exchanger pack includes fifteen plates arranged following the sequence described beforehand, and in the modular exchanger 10 there are two exchanger packs; both such numbers may vary depending on the preset exchange parameters and the overall dimensions of the system.
  • FIG 7 Illustrated in figure 7 is a different embodiment of the modular exchanger 10 provided for allowing assembly of the modular exchanger and other devices present in the system, at any position in the system, such as for example on the external air/CO2 exchanger, on the pipes, in such a manner to be able to position the modular exchanger appropriately suiting its arrangement to the geometries of the system and depending on the components provided.
  • the modular exchanger 10 bears two first blocks 33 respectively bearing an inlet pipe 30 for the pressurised Fa fluid and an outlet pipe 31 for the low pressure Fb fluid, and in the base flange 13 two second blocks respectively bearing an inlet pipe 90 for the low pressure Fb fluid and an outlet pipe 91 for the pressurised Fa fluid.
  • Such blocks are provided with through holes 62' for fastening, by means of screws, the same against the holes 62 provided on the closure plate 12 and in the base flange 13.
  • the exchanger can effectively be deemed to be a modular component suitably assemblable according to the manner, at the position and on the most convenient component in the referigeration system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Échangeur modulaire (10) pour un système de refroidissement automobile destiné à récupérer l'enthalpie du fluide de service (Fa, Fb) du système, comprenant au moins un bloc échangeur (11) comprenant, pour sa part, une batterie de plaques d'échange empilées (20), chaque plaque d'échange (20) ayant une première surface (21) sillonnée par une pluralité de rainures parallèles (22), et une seconde surface plane continue (23) opposée à la première, les plaques d'échange (20) étant juxtaposées de telle sorte que les rainures (22) d'une plaque d'échange (20) définissent, avec la surface plane continue (23) d'une plaque disposée sur la première, une série de conduits parallèles (24) pour la circulation du fluide de service sous pression (Fa) ou basse pression (Fb), dans chacune de ces plaques d'échange (20) sont prévues une pluralité de premières ouvertures (51) et de secondes ouvertures (52) ayant respectivement la fonction d'entrée/sortie ou de passage du fluide (Fa, Fb), les conduits (24) de chaque plaque d'échange (20) sont agencés perpendiculairement aux conduits (24) de la plaque d'échange (20) agencée au-dessus et/ou en dessous, dans lequel chacune desdites plaques d'échange (20) comprend de premières ouvertures (51) agencées au niveau des extrémités des rainures (22), dans lequel lesdites rainures (22) convergent pour permettre le passage du fluide entre des plaques d'échange correspondantes alternées (20), caractérisé en ce que les premières ouvertures (51) interceptent deux rainures ou plus (22) et sont décalées le long de parties de bord diamétralement opposées de chaque plaque d'échange (20), dans lequel les rainures (22) sont réalisées avec des longueurs différentes de manière à maintenir leurs extrémités séparées et à positionner ainsi les ouvertures (51, 52) de manière décalée, en les écartant les unes des autres pour obtenir une résistance structurelle plus grande de la plaque d'échange (20).
  2. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit au moins un bloc échangeur (11) est fermé au niveau des extrémités respectivement par une plaque de fermeture (12) et par une bride de base (13).
  3. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la liaison d'étanchéité étanche à l'air desdites plaques d'échange (20) peut être réalisée au moyen d'un brasage sous vide.
  4. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit bloc échangeur (11), ou des blocs échangeurs superposés (11), sont fixés entre la plaque de fermeture (12) et la bride de base (13), qui sont munies de trous traversants (53), prévus de façon correspondante également sur les plaques d'échange (20), pour permettre une fixation au moyen de boulons ou au moyen de vis venant en prise dans des trous correspondants (73) réalisés sur la partie supérieure de l'accumulateur (6) lorsque l'échangeur (10) est réalisé de manière à être intégré à celui-ci.
  5. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdites ouvertures (51) sont au nombre de sept pour chaque extrémité de la série de rainures parallèles (22), s'élevant ainsi à quatorze au total pour chaque plaque d'échange (20), et elles sont configurées pour avoir une certaine forme.
  6. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel chaque plaque d'échange est en outre munie de quatorze secondes ouvertures (52) destinées au transfert du fluide entre des plaques alternées.
  7. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdites plaques de fermeture (12) de l'échangeur sont non seulement traversées par les trous (52) et munies d'extrémités élargies (54), mais sont également traversées par des sièges pour des blocs de transfert de fluide frigorigène, respectivement un premier siège (60) pour l'entrée du fluide sous pression (Fa), et un second siège (61) pour la sortie du fluide basse pression (Fb), des trous filetés (62) étant prévus à proximité desdits sièges pour la fixation des blocs.
  8. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 7, dans lequel ladite bride de base (13) est munie de sièges d'entrée (80, 83) dans lesquels sont brasées des buses de transfert correspondantes, respectivement une buse (81) pour la sortie du fluide (Fa) et une buse (82) pour l'entrée du fluide (Fb) dans l'échangeur.
  9. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel lesdites buses (81, 82) sont agencées pour être insérées directement dans des trous correspondants réalisés sur la partie supérieure de l'accumulateur qui est équipée, le cas échéant, de sièges (70, 71, 72, 74), respectivement, une paire de sièges (70, 72) pour le passage du fluide sous pression (Fa) qui ne traverse pas l'accumulateur, et une paire de sièges (74, 71) respectivement pour l'entrée et la sortie du fluide basse pression (Fb) qui traverse l'accumulateur, à proximité de chaque siège est également prévu un trou fileté de fixation (73) pour des blocs à insérer dans le siège ou de la partie d'extrémité des vis fixant l'échangeur contre l'accumulateur.
  10. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 9, dans lequel ledit échangeur (10) est réalisé sous une forme cylindrique et présente un diamètre sensiblement équivalent à l'accumulateur (6) de manière à s'intégrer avec celui-ci dans un seul corps.
  11. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque bloc échangeur (11) comprend seize plaques (20) alternant selon la séquence suivante de deux plaques : une première plaque (20') dans laquelle passe le fluide haute pression (Fa), une seconde plaque (20") dans laquelle passe le fluide basse pression (Fb), l'échangeur modulaire (10) étant pourvu de deux blocs échangeurs (11).
  12. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque bloc échangeur (11) est constitué de quinze plaques (20) agencées en répétant la séquence de trois plaques suivante : une seconde plaque (20") dans laquelle passe le fluide basse pression (Fb), une première plaque (20') dans laquelle passe le fluide haute pression (Fa), et à nouveau une seconde plaque (20") dans laquelle passe le fluide basse pression (Fb), l'échangeur modulaire (10) étant pourvu de deux blocs échangeurs (11).
  13. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon les revendications 11 et 12, dans lequel une plaque de séparation (15) pourvue d'ouvertures (51, 52) et de trous traversants (53) est interposée entre les blocs échangeurs.
  14. Échangeur modulaire (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit échangeur modulaire (10) supporte, assemblés dans la plaque de fermeture (12), deux premiers blocs (33) supportant respectivement un conduit d'entrée (30) pour le fluide sous pression (Fa) et un conduit de sortie (Fb) pour le fluide basse pression (Fb), et dans la bride de base (13), deux seconds blocs supportant respectivement un conduit d'entrée (90) pour le fluide basse pression (Fb) et un conduit de sortie (91) pour le fluide sous pression (Fa).
EP08702246.3A 2007-01-15 2008-01-09 Échangeur modulaire pour un système de refroidissement automobile Active EP2102576B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000048A ITMI20070048A1 (it) 2007-01-15 2007-01-15 Scambiatore modulare per impianto di refrigerazione automobilistico
PCT/IB2008/000084 WO2008087526A2 (fr) 2007-01-15 2008-01-09 Échangeur modulaire pour un système de refroidissement automobile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2102576A2 EP2102576A2 (fr) 2009-09-23
EP2102576B1 true EP2102576B1 (fr) 2017-03-29

Family

ID=39615703

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08702246.3A Active EP2102576B1 (fr) 2007-01-15 2008-01-09 Échangeur modulaire pour un système de refroidissement automobile

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP2102576B1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20070048A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008087526A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010091178A1 (fr) 2009-02-04 2010-08-12 Purdue Research Foundation Échangeurs de chaleur spiralés et à microcanaux pour systèmes de stockage d'hydrures métalliques
US8636836B2 (en) 2009-02-04 2014-01-28 Purdue Research Foundation Finned heat exchangers for metal hydride storage systems
FR3048769B1 (fr) 2016-03-14 2019-05-17 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Procede de fabrication d'au moins un echangeur de chaleur a plaques par superposition de plaques avec motifs d'alignement

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3484578B2 (ja) * 1992-09-18 2004-01-06 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 燃料電池用熱交換器
AU4687799A (en) * 1998-06-19 2000-01-05 Zess Technologies, Inc. Micro-channel heat exchanger
US7343965B2 (en) * 2004-01-20 2008-03-18 Modine Manufacturing Company Brazed plate high pressure heat exchanger
JP2007529707A (ja) * 2004-02-24 2007-10-25 スペグ カンパニー リミテッド 燃料電池用マイクロ熱交換器及び製作方法
JP2006125767A (ja) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-18 Tokyo Institute Of Technology 熱交換器

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
WO2008087526A2 (fr) 2008-07-24
WO2008087526A3 (fr) 2008-10-23
ITMI20070048A1 (it) 2008-07-16
EP2102576A2 (fr) 2009-09-23

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