EP2101853A2

EP2101853A2 - Intubation tube

Info

Publication number: EP2101853A2
Application number: EP07846379A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christoph Schramm
Original assignee: Universitaet Heidelberg
Current assignee: Universitaet Heidelberg
Priority date: 2006-12-06
Filing date: 2007-12-03
Publication date: 2009-09-23
Also published as: WO2008067797A2; US20110004065A2; WO2008067797A3; US20100010307A1; JP2010511443A; DE102006057809A1; US20100210907A2; DE112007002648A5

Abstract

The invention relates to an aid for medical interventions, comprising a tubular member that encompasses a tubular jacket which allows for intubation and is provided with a functional aid for performing an interventional function such that a lumen is maintained that allows for ventilation. Said functional aid is equipped with a means for orienting the tubular member during the medical intervention.

Description

intubation tube

description

The present invention relates to the preamble claimed and is thus concerned with interventional aids for medical interventions.

There are a variety of medical procedures in which the oxygenation of a patient is at risk or at least impaired. This may be the case because the patient is no longer able to breathe automatically, for example through anesthesia; another common situation is through interventions in which equipment must be inserted through the trachea into the interior of the body to the lungs for examination or treatment purposes. The maximum possible duration of such procedures is strictly limited by the need to continue to provide the patient with oxygen.

It is known and customary to intubate the patient in a variety of situations to ensure ventilation. In intubation, an endotracheal tube is inserted by intubation, typically through the pharynx, but occasionally through the nasal cavity.

The intubation itself is critical. It must be ensured that in a sufficiently short time the endotracheal tube is inserted sufficiently deep, which in adults the tube passing the vocal cords

- l - requires. While this experienced doctors usually succeed without problems, it may, for example due to anatomical features or in emergencies "in which nasal and / or pharynx are not accessible or only impaired, because they are closed, destroyed or the like, complications.

In particular, it is problematic to be able to place the tube quickly and precisely. For this purpose, aids are already known, such as the laryngoscope, but also other aids, such as in the lumen of the endotracheal tube insertable endoscopes, which must be removed after setting the endotracheal tube to allow ventilation.

It is also already known to provide an endotracheal camera. For this purpose, US 2005/0177024 A1 proposes a camera and a radio-frequency transmitter, which are coupled to an endotracheal tube in order to obtain a picture of tissue at the proximal end of the endotracheal tube in real time. The image captured by the camera is transmitted to a low cost radio frequency receiver nearby and sent to a video monitor to display the image. The use of a wireless transmission system is intended to avoid the presence of wires and strands that could otherwise catch and cause the endotracheal tube to be inadvertently pulled or repositioned from the patient. Even with the known arrangement but the placement is critical.

It is desirable here, in view of the great danger arising from complications of ventilation for the patient shows improvements in endotracheal tube placement.

Other issues for patients include other requirements besides the mere ventilation, such as periodically checking the airways for injured patients to ensure that fluids can be sufficiently rapidly aspirated during surgery, removal of airborne foreign bodies, long-term ventilation Supervision, for example, in intensive care units with comatose or deliberately held in a coma patients, etc. Especially with minimally invasive procedures here is a problem in that the intervention time is determined by the maximum permissible respiratory restriction time.

It is desirable to at least partially alleviate at least some of the problems addressed. Although devices are already known for minimally invasive interventions. As protective rights, which deal with intubation or endoscopy, may be mentioned, inter alia: DE 195 18 148 Al, DE 690 23 930 T2, US Patent 5,803,080, DE 10 2004 026 619 Al, DE 698 30 051 12, EP 1 177th 809 Al, US-PS 2005/0177024. However, the instruments shown there prove to be inadequate in practice.

The object of the present invention is to provide new products for commercial use.

The solution to this problem is claimed in an independent form. Preferred embodiments can be found in the subclaims.

The present invention thus proposes, in a first aspect, an interventional aid for medical interventions, comprising a tube body with an intubation permitting tubular jacket, which is provided with an interventional function means for performing an engagement function leaving a ventilation-enabling lumen provided that the An engagement function means is configured with an alignment means for the tube body alignment during the medical procedure.

The invention thus for the first time proposes a particularly simple placement of an endotracheal tube, which even in those cases where even an experienced doctor encounters problems which make endotracheal tube placement difficult or prevent safe, rapid placement of the tube without permanent damage to the patient, simply by providing the tube body with alignment means for aligning the proximal end of the tube during the intubation process.

It has been recognized that by the described wall integration such alignment or steering means can also be provided in an endotracheal tube without, as is common in the prior art, a steerable endoscope into the endotracheal tube to be placed or aligned must be introduced by means of the endoscope movement is then moved along the tubular body of the endotracheal tube. It should be noted that the walls of the endotracheal tube can be thinned without affecting their function as far as possible. NEN that on the one hand a ventilation lumen lumen over the entire route remains and on the other hand, the remaining wall thickness, although it is already limited for typical anatomies in the overall scope, sufficient to still provide the Ausrichtungs- or steering means therein and / or thereto. Also in the places or close to those places where forces are to be transmitted distally, ie from outside the patient, for example from the intubating or examining or engaging when embedding train or steering means which engage the proximal end of the tube body or near it Doctor or medical staff, the wall proves to be sufficiently stable. This is obviously due, inter alia, to the fact that, after the placement has begun, there is already a stabilization by the lateral body parts, ie the trachea or bronchi and the like, which reliably prevent kinking of the tubular body during intubation or during medical intervention. It is also exploited that the fact that the pipe casing itself is provided with the engagement function aid, the feared in the prior art complication of displacement in train on wires just does not occur.

In the preferred variant, the interventional aid is designed for at least one medical intervention from the group of bronchial lavage, bronchoscopy, biopsy, anesthesia, intensive care, intubation, suction, surgery of the ENT area, thoracic surgery and / or radiotherapy, in particular for the insertion of radioactive elements or afterloading procedures and / or for the training of any of the aforementioned interventions. It is understood that the training of the training aid for the training, for example, the waiver of sterilization, sterile handling and the like chen and possibly additional sensors for pure review purposes of training success may be provided, which may optionally be done while reducing the otherwise required lumen. Furthermore, a rinsing option is provided, for example, for a bronchial lavage, that is, the tube jacket or the interior of the body can be provided with a hose for rinsing or, if separate hoses are used for supplying and aspirating liquid, with two hose lines.

For purposes of bronchoscopy, observation means can either be inserted through the lumen, which requires a dimensioning of the lumen to a size which also permits ventilation with the observation means, for example an endoscope.

Alternatively and clearly, however, it is preferred to provide conductor means for the transmission of images from the interior of the body, which are firmly connected to the or a (possibly inner or intermediate) wall of the tubular body. On the one hand, such guide means for the transmission of images can be highly useful in pure bronchoscopy, but are also advantageous for the anesthetist during intubation in a difficult situation and also facilitate the monitoring of the condition of the patient during intensive care. This can be useful, for example, when internal bleeding is to be feared, or during operations in which the lung is not operated on, but the patient must be moved on the operating table, which means that a displacement of the already intubated tube must be feared , In such a case, by moving the endotracheal tube with simultaneous Observation a re-optimization of a Tubusausrichtung be brought about.

The interventional aid not only facilitates the alleviation of known procedures such as intubations or bronchoscopies, but also allows new types of surgery to be performed, in particular using a minimally invasive procedure. It is by the steerability readily possible, the interventional aid, preferably under view, to advance deep into the bronchi, approximately to the segment bronchi where stronger branches occur, without requiring a straight line of sight would be required along which a surgeon can observe the situs and without the ventilation being obstructed as in the prior art to observe the placement.

The design for minimally invasive surgery requires, in addition to a sizing of the lumen, which allow the use of minimally invasive surgical means such as forceps, pincers, scalpels, etc. without ventilation Ver- hinder or disability, the interpretation of the engagement aid in the appropriate length, so that the tube is pushed forward to the desired location.

If, as is desirable, a cuff is provided to seal the tube adjacent the larynx, as is customary for adult intubation, the cuff will be located adjacent the distal end in an interventional aid designed for interventions in the segmental bronchi. In other words, inter alia, the interventional aid may possibly, but not necessarily, be designed for a deeper internal intervention that the cuff is moved away from the proximal end to the distal end. It is to be estimated that interventional tools with different cuff positions may be required for different procedures.

Further, in cases where the engagement aid is advanced deeply, it will be preferable to provide openings below the cuff to ventilate not only those lung parts resulting from the lumen opening at the proximal end of the engagement aid with air or oxygen, anesthetic gas, etc. can be flowed on, but a pulp full supply via the secondary opening is made possible. It should be noted that each and every one of the enumerated features, such as enlargement of the lumen to allow the insertion of surgical aids, cuff shifting and the provision of secondary openings on their own can already facilitate and / or enable minimally invasive interventions, but that the interpretation for Minimally invasive interventions must by no means necessarily be tied to the existence of such features.

It should also be pointed out that, even in the presence of secondary openings for ventilating parts of the lung not reached by the tube, there is no impairment of the wall thickness such that the stability of the interventional aid and / or intubation is prevented. Rather, the increased flexibility of the tube in the presence of ventilation holes makes the placement even easier to perform, which is advantageous in view of the required deeper insertion in minimally invasive procedures deep inside the body lying respiratory organs such as segment bronchi. It will be understood that the presence of an outside cuff will in any case be advantageous, being provided on the outside of the tubular body between the distal and proximal ends.

A possibly provided cuff can also be inflated according to the invention in per se known manner via a firmly connected to the tubular body and / or thereto or integrated therein pressure line. The inflation can, as will be explained in more detail, are also controlled by an electronic control, on which then preferably also images from the inside of the body are displayed and / or with which the steering of the tube to be placed is facilitated or made possible. It should be noted that although in principle it would be possible even at the cuff itself or at any area of the tubular body shell to capture images and send them outside the body to improve surveillance and observation, but that is usually at the cuff of the anesthesiologist nor is it possible for surgeons or other medical personnel to have an external view, and that other means, such as acoustic controls, exist to control adequate cuffing and pressurisation.

It should be pointed out that it is also preferable for the endotracheal tube of the present invention that the cuff comes to rest below the vocal cords, that is, in the trachea. It is also preferred with the present invention that it is not capable of damaging the possibly sensitive vocal cords by lying in the vocal cord plane. It should be mentioned in this regard, in particular the possibility of providing an elongated Niedrigstdruckcuff what pre ^~ is some way if the position of the cuff at the beginning of the operation can not be fully predicted, because the penetration depth varies with the progress of the operation and / or at the beginning an intervention is not yet completely clear. It should also be mentioned that several cuffs can be connected together and / or, as in thoracic surgery, double lumen tubes with two cuffs can be used.

While in conventional intubation under laryngoscopic view of the tube is typically advanced so far until the cuff is safe behind the vocal cords and thus disappeared from the field of vision, in the present invention in the preferred variant with fiber optic intubation, the correct tube position preferably be verified by it in that the tube end is placed above the tracheal bifurcation, ie the first branch of the trachea into the left and right main bronchus. If the cuff is not observable laryngoscopically through the vocal cord plane, because fiber optic intubation with steering according to the invention is used precisely because of the lack of a laryngoscopic view, a correct cuff, that is the placement of the cuff beneath the vocal cords, can be provided by distance markings on the outside of the vocal cords Fibus, for example, in the centimeter or double centimeter distance can be achieved. This ensures that the cuff safely lies below the vocal cord plane by determining the depth of the lip from the row of teeth.

- lo - If it is not clear how deep the engagement aid is to be inserted for engagement, and / or the insertion depth varies during the procedure, a cuff may be provided which is either longer than necessary to seal a single fixed insertion position and / or can be inflated segment by segment. As explained, it is particularly preferred that the engagement function means comprise conductor means for transmitting images from the interior of the body, which are firmly connected to the wall leaving the ventilation lumen possible.

On the one hand, these conductor means for the transmission of images will comprise illumination means, since the transmission of images from the interior of the body is possible only under illumination. Attention is drawn to the possibility of providing a light-conducting fiber for illuminating at least one point in the interior of the body. Preferably, a plurality of photoconductive fibers may be disposed in or on the tubular body to still provide sufficient illumination upon occlusion of the light output of a single fiber, such as may occur through mucus or blood in the interior of the body. The conductor means will further typically comprise at least one image-conducting fiber, such as a glass or plastic fiber. These can be easily integrated into the pipe jacket. With respect to refractive index differences to ambient media required for optical fiber glass fibers, conventional techniques known per se for incorporating the glass fibers into the pipe jacket can be used. As an alternative and / or in addition to image-conducting fibers, sensor signal lines can be provided in order to lead analogue or digital sensor signals out of the interior of the body, in particular for imaging systems. Such a sensor can be used as a light-sensitive field.

- II - be formed sensitive elements or as an ultrasonic sensor, it should be noted that the required for the respective sensor and achievable with this resolution to the respective intervention purpose and the respective requirements to adjust.

In a particularly preferred variant, a plurality of image entry or detection openings is distributed at the proximal end of the tube. The distribution of Bildindtrittsδffnungen, be it several fields of photosensitive elements or spaced-apart image-conducting glass fibers, has the advantage that on the one hand, as long as the view of several image conductors (sensors, glass fibers, etc.) is unaffected, the user of the engagement aid and / or other a stereoscopic image can also be provided to persons involved in medical intervention. The fact that the representation by monitors, purely optically by suitable lenses, prisms, etc., or by means of stereo glasses with miniature monitors can be done, for the sake of completeness mentioned. If what can happen during interventions, the proximal image entry or detection openings are partially added, it may still be possible to transfer a visual image from the interior, possibly waiving stereoscopic observation, so that an intervention no longer has to be interrupted because, for example, mucus has settled in front of the image entry openings. This is particularly advantageous because a tube change also leads to an interim ventilation interruption. The image entry openings are therefore provided in a preferred variant for stereoscopic purposes and / or redundancy. It should be mentioned that, for example, a plurality of glass fibers can be provided for purely optical observation, while at a third image a monitor can be connected, which, for example, in university clinics for the training of students, allows the presentation of the medical intervention on large screens.

In a preferred variant, when image-guide means are provided, anti-fogging agents and / or anti-adhesive agents are provided at the image entry openings or, if the image-guide means include such, at the sensors. These can be realized by a coating or the like

10, which are formed, for example, with a biocompatible, fluorinated plastic compound. Such means are advantageous because not only by blood, mucus or other obscuring the entrance or exit opening of the corresponding image guide means is possible, but 5 can already be fogged by the moisture of the breath, which could be highly disturbing just then, if the tube is cooler during intubation than the body already surrounding it and / or it remains permanently slightly colder than its surroundings owing to cooler atmospheric gas.

Alternatively and / or in addition to anti-fogging agents and / or anti-sticking agents, other means of keeping the optical system clean may be provided, for example, to keep the optical system clean by means of continuous or intermittent insufflation of a suitable gas for purging the image inlets. It should be mentioned that for this purpose additional channels can be provided in the endotracheal tube tube wall and / or the image conductors can be laid D so that they can be flushed with air or other fluid. In a particularly preferred variant, the tubular body will be open on the longitudinal side to allow ventilation. However, it would be possible to allow the ventilation only via lateral openings in the tube wall in front of the proximal end of the tube, if a minimally invasive surgical instrument with proximal thickening is to be used.

It has already been mentioned that the interventional aid of the present invention can be used not only for intubation, as required in anesthetics and the like, but also for intubation deep into the main, preferably into the minor and / or segmental bronchi , It is understood that this is associated with an increased length compared to conventional tubing tubes, so that lengths of greater than 50 cm, preferably around or greater than 60 cm, can be provided for normally-grown, adult patients.

The preferred variant will not only have a single Murphy's eye for ventilation, even with the proximal tube end closed, but, as mentioned, a plurality of lateral openings, which are usefully arranged on the proximal (kδrperinneren) side behind the cuff. A lateral opening in front of the cuff could result in the penetration of saliva into the tube, which is obviously highly undesirable. It should be noted that in a preferred variant in which both steering and image guide means run through the tube wall and possibly the steering means are provided for controlling the tube in more than one plane, so that three or four control wires run through the tube wall, it will be preferable to supply the conductor means guided through or on the tube wall group, so that the lateral (minor) openings, which should allow the ventilation of the pulmonary areas not controlled by the intubation, are placeable without disturbing the intervention function aids. Alternatively and / or additionally, it may be provided to rotate the tube about its longitudinal axis. This is just during the insertion phase, in which the tube is firmly gripped anyway, a simple and convenient way of alignment, especially in combination with a comprehensive at least two drawstrings steering. The fact that the lateral openings, in particular when a plurality of them are arranged along the tube wall, increases the flexibility of the engagement aid in a positive manner has already been mentioned. This is considered advantageous in view of the fact that the engagement aid should be better placed.

It should be mentioned, moreover, that in the typically preferred control of the tube end in two planes, it is not absolutely necessary to arrange four control wires at diagonally mutually orthogonal diameters along the tube wall cross section. Such an orthogonal arrangement of control wires makes it easier for a physician, due to the better intuitive operability, to place via a purely mechanical control. Alternatively, it is possible, especially with dense occupancy of the pipe wall with functional elements, for example, to provide only three control wires. In order to then provide the intuitively understandable left / right / up / down control of the tube end, in an especially preferred variant, an electronic controller can be used which converts the desired motion signals into corresponding tensile forces on only three puller wires. Such an arrangement may be preferred in the case of engagement aids which are very thin must be because they are used deep in the lungs, have to be flexible and / or in younger patients, especially children are used.

It should be noted that the tube wall can be designed with axially continuous cavities, that is, small guide channels. This is particularly preferred per se and can be easily realized in the hose production of the tubular body. In such a case, it will be typical to ensure that the channels provided around the engagement function means on the pipe wall or image conductor means on the pipe wall to the outside, so body contact side, remain at least so thick that in the insertion phase no destruction z. B. can be caused by kinking or puncturing; the latter would be expected especially in emergencies on teeth, etc. On the lumen side, however, should be given a thickness sufficient to withstand those forces that can be caused by inserted instruments for a mini-malinvasive intervention. It is understood that in both cases comparatively small forces occur, which allows a correspondingly small remaining residual wall thickness, unless thermally acting minimally invasive devices or the like are pushed through, which could cause tube wall melting, bring intensive laser beams to the tube wall or the like. Channel sizing can and will typically be limited to pure stability considerations for the tube. This makes it possible, in particular and in a preferred variant, to integrate directly into the pipe wall a separate suction channel, with which an engagement point can be sucked off and / or an extraction is also possible at other locations, for example slightly spaced around the point of engagement, from the outside ,

- iδ - In a particularly preferred variant, the engagement aid will, on the one hand, comprise a proximal part which is pushed into the patient and thus must have intensive contact, and, on the other hand, a patient contact-free operating or control end, which is preferably separable from one another. The separation makes it possible to provide for the proximal part in the patient contact either inexpensive disposable components, which is possible if the alignment means, image-conducting means and the like can be realized by integrating or attaching inexpensive fibers, wires, strands and the like. Where this is not or no longer completely guaranteed, for example because more expensive sensor elements are to be used instead of image-conducting glass fibers, preferably at least a simpler disinfection and sterilization is possible.

It should be mentioned, moreover, that optionally further engagement function means may be provided on the engagement aid, in particular at the proximal end thereof, such as electrodes for electrostimulation, stimulus measurements, electro-surgery and the like.

A patient contact-free part will be formed as a control and / or operating part, in particular with connections for suction and / or suction and / or respiratory, possibly also for ventilation, monitors for gas (partial) pressures and / or from the inside of the body received image signals is formed and / or can be connected to these, and preferably also includes the actuating means for the pipe movement control, which can record electronically and / or mechanically the desired direction of movement or alignment. It should be noted that in a particularly preferred variant, a trocar closure may be provided for the distal part.

The invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the drawings. In this is shown by:

Fig. 1 an interventional aid for medical

interventions; FIG. 2 shows the engagement aid of FIG. 1 in FIG

Cross-section at the point A-A of Fig. 1 with control unit and eyepiece for a surgeon.

Referring to Fig. 1 comprises a generally denoted by 1 interventional means 1 for medical interventions a tubular body 2 with a tube suitable for intubation casing 3, which is provided while leaving a ventilation permitting lumen 4 with an intervention function aid 5 for performing an engagement function, wherein the engagement function aid 5 with an alignment means 6 is formed for the tube body alignment during a medical procedure.

In this case, the engagement aid 1 is a tube of flexible, body-compatible material which is to be tubed endotracheally and is tapered in order to facilitate intubation at the proximal end 1a in the usual way, as is preferably possible but not absolutely necessary, and with respect to the proximal tube body edges for preventing injury is rounded. The tubular body 2 is formed with an outer diameter such that it can be inserted into the trachea of a patient to be treated, whose proper anesthesia and / or anesthesia are assumed to be present, but is not mandatory in an emergency. The tubular body 2 in particular has a compatibility with conventional lubricants and the like, which facilitate intubation. The tube jacket 3 has a thickness which, even taking into account the engagement function means disposed in channels 3a, 3b, etc., affords it sufficient stability against external pressure and, in particular, against kinks upon exerting advancing pressure from the distal side 7 ago.

The tubular body 3 has a length 1, which here allows advancement of the proximal end of the tube body from the pharynx to the segment bronchi. Around the tubular body 3 of the engagement aid 1 of the present invention thus formed as an endotracheal tube 1 is provided a cuff 8 lying below the vocal cords after placement of the proximal end 1a of the tubular body 3, which is conventionally connected via a conduit 8a running on the tube wall to be acted upon by a pressure source 8b (Fig. 2), with pressurized fluid. The compressed air is applied under the control of an intervention control means 10 on the one hand, a pressure for Cuffaufpumpung can be predetermined or by controlling which air or other pressurized fluid from the cuff at neccessary Endotrachealtubusneuplazierung during a medical intervention and / or to remove the Endotrachealtubus 1 from the Cuff can be removed. It should be mentioned here that a control means 11 for the cuff pump 8b is present on the control 10. However, this is not necessarily the case and very well in a known manner a manual Cuffbetätigung would be possible without problems, although this is less preferred.

With regard to the optimum cuff pressure, it should be mentioned that this is preferably automatically adjustable to the optimum cuff pressure, which is understood as the pressure which is necessary to just a leakage of respiratory gas or entry of liquids, such as saliva or gastric juice, given ventilation pressures to prevent. Leakage is particularly determinable by anesthesia machines by measuring a difference between inspired and expired gas. That otherwise a sufficient tightness is detectable by the absence of a "Blubbergeräusches" is known to doctors.

On the tube body 3 are further provided by the wall radially outwardly extending openings 3b, which allow for deep intubation to one of the Nebensegmentbronchien ventilation of the non-downstream of the proximal end of the tube body 3 lung parts by side ventilation. The openings 3b can be arranged at any point of the tubular body 3, provided that they are deeper in the interior of the body than the cuff 8 and provided that they no intervention function auxiliary means and the like, which extend axially in the tube wall, pierced. The apertures generally extend radially outwardly, it being understood that tilting against the axis is preferably possible to prevent penetration of a minimally invasive instrument into an aperture upon instrument shifting in the tube. The amount and size of the ventilation holes 3b is dimensioned so that the lung supply of breathing air, possibly with anesthetic gases such as nitric oxide staggered breathing air, etc., is readily ensured.

The lumen 4 is chosen so large that ventilation is also possible with the insertion of one or more surgical instruments 12, such as forceps for the removal of foreign bodies entering the bronchi, biopsies, removal of the body's own substances, scalpels, electroscalpels, scissors, etc. It should be mentioned, moreover, that differently than shown for deeply performed in the respiratory organs interventions of the tubular body 3 is not necessarily cylindrical or with Vorkrümmung, but nevertheless largely cylindrical, but it may for example also be possible, a gradation of the tubular body. 3 in such a way that advancement of the engagement aid 1 deep into the ramifications of the bronchi is made possible. In such a case, a gradation can be provided such that the proximal remaining lumen itself barely sufficient for the total ventilation, if it is then ensured via corresponding side holes 3b with the associated, distally larger lumen 4, that the total ventilation and Oxygenation of the patient is not impaired.

The engagement function aid 5 now comprises a plurality of puller wires which engage the proximal end of the tubular body 3 in order to align it in two planes, represented by arrows 5a, 5b in FIG. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 in the tube 3 equidistant over the pipe diameter distributed channels 5cl, 5c2, 5c3 arranged.

In principle, it would be possible for the left / right and up / down movement, ie once according to the arrow 5b and once according to the arrow 5a, each provide a separate pair of wires, which is a total of four pull wires that run in the pipe wall required would do. Presented here is an arrangement with only three pull wires 5cl, 5c2, 5c3, which run in each case a separate channel and so controllable via the controller 10 with a designated control panel 10a, which may be formed, for example, as a touchpad or as a double-tilt rocker switch are that the desired movements arise. For example, movement in Fig. 2 is to be made upward by pulling on the wire 5c3, while downward movement is to be effected by pulling the wires 5cl and 5c2 with equal force. The implementation of the intuitively easier-to-understand left / right / up / down movement on three pull wires is effected electronically in per se known manner, so that the physician who has to place the engagement means 1, not by complicated considerations about about Alignments is disturbed.

The puller wires 5 in their respective channel can be considered as alignment means together with the controller 10a. Without affecting the disclosure given to the technician, it should be noted for purely patent-legal reasons that different parts can be assigned to the alignment means. Thus, for example, the control 10 described here by way of example and advantageously with the control means 10a for the drawstrings 5cl, 5c2, 5c3 is not mandatory and it can also be mechanical means are used in per se known manner. Preferred is then a device that can be operated with one hand, as already provided in the prior art.

The engagement function aids further comprise image guide means, which in the present case are realized with three optical fibers running parallel to the traction means, which are positioned at the proximal end of the tubular body 3 such that one and the same image area is observed, as schematically represented by the image area 5d in FIG indicated. By transferring an image from the interior of the body, the intervention is likewise supported, so that the image conductors can also be understood as intervention function aids in the sense of the present invention. Furthermore, a glass fiber 5e (FIG. 2) is provided, via which illumination of the site is made possible with brightness that can be set on the control controller 10, indicated by the adjustment means 5el.

The arrangement of three image-guiding fibers in the tubular body 3, in particular glass fibers, on the one hand allows a surgeon to display a stereoscopic image of the site inside the body, which is of great advantage for medical procedures such as biopsies or surgical procedures; Moreover, a person assisting the surgeon, for example the anesthetist, can likewise display images from the interior of the body of the third glass fiber on the control means 10. It is understood that the binocular for the surgeon, which is designated 14 in FIG. 2, does not necessarily have to work purely optically, but that likewise a conversion into electrical signals is possible and the surgeon wears an electronic, image-stereoscopically displaying spectacle. or looking at a stereoscopic viewing enabling monitor. The latter has the particular advantage that when adding only one of the image guide fibers can still be obtained by changing to the remaining a stereoscopic view, which facilitates the placement of the tube, and that even more people can stereoscopically observe the situs.

Further engagement function means which are provided on the engagement aid 1 in the illustrated embodiment but which, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, need not necessarily be present, are a flushing means 15 for performing a flushing at the distal end of the engagement aid 1, wherein in FIG only highly exemplified a control in the form of two, on the one hand a detergent - supply and on the other hand, a rinsing liquid dissipation causing snaps 16 is illustrated.

It should further be noted that the control means 10 comprises, in addition to a monitor 17 for the display of an image taken at the proximal end, a port for recording all control commands and received signals from the body, this recording means being referred to herein as a tape drive 18, although typical a digitization of the data and storage on a central computer or the like may be provided, as well as a control for the ventilation of the patient, wherein z. B. an increase or decrease in oxygen can be controlled and via appropriate keys 19 and certain characteristics an anesthesiologist or other medical professionals on a display 20 are displayed. It will also be understood that the controller 10 may be coupled with other monitors and the like. pelt can be at a merged point parameters such as pulse rate, blood pressure, etc., so that an intervention monitoring physician can have all critical sizes simultaneously in view. Incidentally, it will be apparent that critical states of individual quantities can be acoustically displayed.

The engagement aid 1 is used as follows, for example:

First, a patient on whom the interventional aid is to be used is anesthetized as required. It is first, preferably but not necessarily, inserted using a conventional laryngoscope for the front insertion area, the engagement means 1 in the trachea of the patient. It should also be mentioned that a laryngoscopic view of the larynx area and / or the vocal cords can not be realized, especially in difficult intubations, as well as the fact that the ototracheal tube of the present invention can be used advantageously even in such situations without the need for additional aids. An insertion into the esophagus can be immediately recognized and corrected by observation of the monitor 17, so that no Fehlintubation is to be feared. In order to then place the engagement tool 1 at a desired location deep inside the body, for example at the segment bronchi, the insertion force is exerted from the distal end and under alignment of the tube body end by means of the three puller wires 5cl, 5c2, 5c3 Actuation 10a of the controller 10 to be relaxed or relaxed, the control means 9 driven accordingly until a desired intervention point is reached. That this is the cuff in per se is known to pump up or down, be mentioned for the sake of completeness.

Although the advancement takes longer than desired, the ventilation of the patient is ensured at all times, since the lumen 4 remains free for the visual observation of the endotracheal tube during intubation through the wall integration of the control wires.

Surgical instruments may then be inserted through the trocar 21 on the distal side 7 of the tubular body 3 as required. Since these can be made so thin in the prior art that the lumen does not experience any significant impairment for ventilation, ventilation will continue to be ensured during this time. In this case, the situs can be permanently observed by the discharge of images via the glass fibers 5c1, 5c2, 5c3, which can be led out laterally out of the tubular body. In addition, a permanent oxygen supply to the patient is ensured via the oxygen or respiratory gas supply ending in the lumen 4. Even in cases where larger foreign bodies must be removed from the bronchi, which at least largely block the proximal end of the tube after gripping with microsurgical tools, the ventilation remains until the endotracheal tube 1 of the present invention is removed via the lateral openings 3b provided in the tube jacket 3 guaranteed to the patient.

When neoplas- sion of the tube is required during the medical procedure, such as to collect tissue samples at different locations during a biopsy or an intervention along a larger distance along an airway can be done by aligning the tube end by pressing the control panel 10 a corresponding movement without the introduction of additional tools. Overall, this does not reduce the intervention time significantly, so that a patient can undergo a shorter procedure. In addition, a perfect oxygen supply is permanently guaranteed. It should be noted that in cases where the endotracheal tube 1 is used for surgery or the like such that a regular reorientation and / or relocation must be made by the surgeon, it is possible either for the anesthetist as well provide the surgeon with different, possibly hierarchically or temporarily dominating control fields 10a and / or only provide a control field which hierarchically, temporarily or selectively dominates, or separate the control means completely from the control means 10 to the anesthesiologist without intervention from the alignment after Once the first placement has taken place, only a better patient control is possible.

Unlike the above, it is not absolutely necessary to use only a single, continuous lumen. It would be possible, if appropriate, to divide the lumen and / or provide a guide device for guiding a plurality of endoscopic microsurgical instruments, so that z. B. an endoscopic scissors not hooked with a pair of pliers inside the working lumen. In addition, it should be emphasized that other endoscopic instruments can also be used in the Fibus, such as a laser device or a laser-beam output device, an electrocoagulation tip, foreign-body capture wires such as Dormia Cups, balloon catheter for dilatation and / or bronchial rinsing (Fogartykatheter), catheter for introducing radioactive isotopes and / or a device for introducing stents in tumor diseases.

Claims

claims

1. A medical interventional interventional device comprising a tubular body with an intubation enabling tubular jacket provided with an interventional function aid for performing an engagement function while leaving a ventilation enabling lumen, characterized in that the engagement function means is provided with an alignment means for the tubular body alignment during medical Engagement is designed.

2. interventional aid according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is designed for at least one medical intervention from the group bronchial lavage, bronchoscopy, biopsy, anesthesia, intensive care, intubation, suction and / or for the training of such an intervention.

3. interventional aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed for a minimally invasive procedure, preferably on or beyond the main bronchi, in particular in the segment bronchi.

4. engagement aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube body between the distal and the proximal end of an outer side cuff is provided.

5. engagement aid according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cuff has a with the Pipe body firmly connected and / or in or integrated thereon pressure line is inflatable.

6. engagement aid according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that a segmented cuff is provided and / or a cuff which is longer than at least required for sealing in an insertion position.

An interventional device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engagement function means further comprises conductor means for transmitting images from the interior of the body which are integral with the wall leaving the ventilation lumen accessible.

8. intervention aid according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the conductor means comprise a means for illumination, in particular a light-conducting fiber for illuminating at least one point in the interior of the body.

9. engagement means according to any one of the preceding claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the conductor means comprise at least one image-conducting fiber, preferably a glass fiber.

10. intervention aid according to one of the preceding claims 7-9, characterized in that the Leitermit- tel include at least one sensor signal line to analog and / or digital sensor signals, in particular for Imaging systems to lead out of the body inside.

11. ^" intervention aid according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one sensor is formed as an ultrasonic sensor and / or as a field of photosensitive elements.

12. engagement aid according to any one of the preceding claims 7-11, characterized in that a plurality of image entry or detection openings are distributed at the proximal end of the tube.

13. intervention aid according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the image entry openings for stereoscopy and / or redundancy and / or additional detection purposes are provided.

14. Intervention aid according to one of the preceding claims 7 - 13, characterized in that anti-impact agent and / or an anti-adhesive agent are provided at or at the image entry openings.

15. An intervention aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube body end-side ventilation is permitting open.

16. intervention aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube body for intubation at least up to the main dimension, preferably up to the secondary bronchi, in particular having a length greater than 50, preferably by or greater than 60 cm.

17 engaging aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one Murphy eye, preferably a plurality of lateral openings in the tube wall on the proximal (internal body) side are arranged beyond the cuff.

18. engagement aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lateral openings are dimensioned in the pipe wall for Ventilationsermδglichung.

19 engagement means according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lumen is dimensioned so that - preferably with a medium to long-term sufficient ventilation - minimal invasive elements are pushed through.

20. intervention aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixed connection between the pipe wall and at least one functional aid conductor means along the pipe wall guided further elements, by gluing and / or on or Anformung is effected.

21 engagement aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alignment means is provided for controlling a pipe movement in the interior of the body, in particular during insertion, preferably with guided on and / or in the pipe wall steering means.

22. An engagement aid according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the alignment means are designed to enable control in two orthogonal planes.

23. engagement aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a separate suction channel is provided.

24. interventional aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one proximal part for patient contact and at least one patient contact-free part, which are separable from each other.

25. intervention aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the patient contact contact-free part is formed as a control and / or operating part, in particular with connections for suction and / or respiratory means, monitors for partial gas pressures and / or or image signals received from the interior of the body are formed and / or can be connected to them and / or comprises control means for the movement of the tube.

26 intervention aid according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a trocar closure is provided for the proximal part.