EP2097273A2 - Élément de sécurité optiquement variable - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité optiquement variable

Info

Publication number
EP2097273A2
EP2097273A2 EP07846543A EP07846543A EP2097273A2 EP 2097273 A2 EP2097273 A2 EP 2097273A2 EP 07846543 A EP07846543 A EP 07846543A EP 07846543 A EP07846543 A EP 07846543A EP 2097273 A2 EP2097273 A2 EP 2097273A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
security element
optically variable
element according
color
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07846543A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Kuntz
Dieter Heinz
Ute Honeit
Burkhard Krietsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Merck Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merck Patent GmbH filed Critical Merck Patent GmbH
Publication of EP2097273A2 publication Critical patent/EP2097273A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/23—Identity cards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/24—Passports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/26—Entrance cards; Admission tickets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/415—Marking using chemicals
    • B42D2033/26—
    • B42D2035/24—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24934—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including paper layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optically variable security element, which can be used as a visible element for securing objects against forgery, a method for producing such a security element and its use.
  • Security products such as banknotes, checks, credit cards, shares, passports, identity documents, driving licenses, tickets, tokens and the like have been equipped for many years with various security elements that are to make it difficult to counterfeit these products.
  • Colored security elements are often used to create the open visible security features.
  • optically variable security features established. These change their visual appearance with changing illumination and / or viewing angle. Examples include holograms or security features that change their color and / or their brightness impression angle dependent.
  • optically variable security features are obtained by depositing multiple layers each having different refractive indices on suitable substrate surfaces, or by incorporating optically variable pigments into suitable carrier materials or by coating compositions containing optically variable pigments on substrate surfaces.
  • optically variable pigments which can be used in coating compositions for the production of counterfeit-proof optically variable color effects.
  • These pigments consist of several, predominantly metallic layers with different refractive indices and are produced in a complicated and costly evaporation process. Due to their metal core, however, they are only available opaque. A common use with optically invisible security features has not been described.
  • WO 96/39307 describes a pair of optically variable devices which comprise optically variable structures arranged next to one another on a substrate which have the same color at a certain exposure angle but different colors at all other exposure angles.
  • a security paper which is provided on different surface areas with an application of paint, which contains different iridescent pigments in the different areas, wherein the paint application is virtually invisible in direct supervision, the paint on the different surface areas, however View under at least one oblique viewing angle has a different color.
  • the iridescent pigments used are preferably TiO 2 -coated mica flakes, in which different colors can be produced by means of a different layer thickness of the TiO 2 layer.
  • US Pat. No. 5,009,486 describes a security feature which comprises on a substrate a shaped coating and a larger-area coating adjacent thereto, wherein the shaped coating comprises at least one transparent optical interference layer and wherein the coatings have a color difference when viewed from a specific angle different reflection or transmission of light through the different coatings comes about.
  • the formed transparent optical interference layer is prepared by evaporation of suitable materials by suitable masks, laser ablation of already deposited layers, laser-activated CVD or similar complicated processes. These methods are cumbersome, expensive, and do not include options for correcting color adjustment during the manufacturing process. Moreover, they do not allow additional, invisible features to be incorporated into the coating.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an optically variable security element which comprises at least two mutually distinguishable subareas which can be clearly recognized at any chosen illumination and / or viewing angle from the so-called "man from the street", small-area patterns allows good visibility, the possibility of integration of non-visible features allowed in the sub-areas, can be obtained by a simple and inexpensive manufacturing process and is versatile.
  • Another object of the invention was to provide a method for producing such a security element.
  • the object of the invention was to show the use of said security feature.
  • an optically variable security element which comprises a substrate having on at least one surface a coating consisting of at least two mutually distinguishable, simultaneously detectable with the eye, adjacent colored faces, wherein the faces inorganic platelet-shaped effect pigments or in situ polymerized and / or crosslinked mesogenic materials and at least one of the sub-surfaces depending on the illumination and / or viewing angle different colors, and wherein the colors of at least two of the sub-areas under each illumination and / or viewing angle from each other are.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a method for producing a security element in which at least two different coating compositions are applied to at least one surface of a substrate such that a coating is formed from at least two mutually distinguishable adjacent faces, wherein the coating compositions contain inorganic platelet-like effect pigments or in situ polymerizable and / or crosslinkable mesogenic materials which are selected such that at least one of the partial surfaces of the coating has different colors depending on the illumination and / or viewing angle and the colors of at least two of the partial surfaces under each illumination - and / or viewing angles are different from each other, and the coating is optionally solidified.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by the use of the described security element for securing objects against counterfeiting.
  • Another object of the present invention are banknotes, checks, credit cards, shares, passports, identity documents, driver's licenses, entrance tickets, tokens, ID cards, tickets, stamps, packaging materials, seals, labels or objects to be protected, which with said security element against counterfeiting are hedged.
  • Optically variable security elements in the sense of the present invention are those which leave a different visually perceptible color impression at least on one of their partial surfaces under different illumination and / or viewing angles. This is also called a color flop. These security elements show non-copyable color and gloss impressions, which are clearly visible to the naked eye.
  • the security elements preferably have at least two and at most four, but in particular two, different under at least two different illumination or viewing angles
  • Illumination or viewing angle two or three different illumination or viewing angles on three optically clear distinguishable discrete colors.
  • this feature makes it easier for the viewer to recognize the security element as such and, at the same time, makes it more difficult to copy the feature since color flop effects can not be copied and reproduced in the commercially available color copiers.
  • Security elements which have a color gradient when tilted over different illumination and / or viewing angles can likewise be used, since even such diffuse color changes are easily detectable by the human eye.
  • the security element according to the invention comprises a substrate which comprises a paper, a cardboard, a polymeric material, a textile material metallic material, leather, wood or a composite material of at least two of these materials.
  • the composite material may consist of at least two materials of the same or different type, ie, for example, polymeric materials with one another or one or more polymeric materials with one or more paper materials may form a composite material.
  • Preferred are all common types of papers, in particular security papers, preferably security papers with basis weights up to 200 g / m 2 , polymeric materials such as polymer films and composite materials thereof, for example the usual plastic cards used for security purposes.
  • the substrate for the security element according to the invention can be transparent, semitransparent or opaque to visible light.
  • the substrates have at least one surface, which in turn has a coating which consists of at least two mutually distinguishable, adjacent colored partial surfaces.
  • adjacent in the sense of the invention means that at least two of the subareas have such a small distance from one another that they can be detected simultaneously with the eye or possibly a reading device in focus, wherein both subareas preferably have at least one common boundary line or by a common interface with each other are connected.
  • the faces are thus either immediately adjacent to each other, ie they share at least one boundary line, or are delimited from each other by an interface that does not significantly affect the visual impression.
  • This may be, for example, a border or another color-neutral surface.
  • This interface need not contain platelet-shaped effect pigments nor liquid-crystalline compounds, but may for example be a conventional coating containing absorbing dyes. It is important that the partial surfaces are arranged so close together that they can be simultaneously in the focus of the observer when checking the security element. It goes without saying that the above information is a human eye, namely the eye of a color-conscious person.
  • Colored partial areas are those which have a colored color, but not white, gray or black areas, with the exception that with nematic mesogenic compounds coated faces also only the color of the substrate preferably reflective in this case, which silvery, golden or otherwise metallic shine, may have.
  • At least two of the patches contain platelet-shaped effect pigments or in situ crosslinked and / or polymerized mesogenic compounds.
  • the security element according to the invention is constructed so that these sub-areas under each illumination and / or viewing angle from each other have different colors.
  • the aforementioned color-capable person, who takes the security element under constant lighting conditions in view, should be regarded as a standard for the visual optical evaluation of the security element according to the invention. The observation should usually be possible without aids. Simple magnifying devices such as glasses, magnifying glasses and the like are not considered as aids, i. their use is considered as normal condition.
  • the human eye is highly sensitive and therefore able to recognize a larger color space than can be generated by current methods, such as printing.
  • color differences are already recognized in small gradations.
  • a color-able person can already recognize slight gradual gradations of brightness of the same hue, but this peculiarity of the human color sensibility is not relevant here, but rather “different colors” are to be regarded as those of the untrained observer, that is called “Man from the street” can be clearly seen as “different” after a brief examination.
  • Complementary colors are the colors that directly oppose the primary colors in the color wheel. In the red-green-blue color wheel (RGB color wheel), these are red / turquoise, green / purple and blue / yellow. The same applies to the mixed colors.
  • the different colors of the partial surfaces in the present security element have a strong color contrast or, as preferred, represent complementary colors to each other.
  • illumination and viewing angle every angle between 0 ° (direct supervision) and 90 ° (as far as possible oblique view) comes into consideration. Both the illumination and the viewing angle can be varied. However, it is advisable to vary at the same other angle either the illumination or the viewing angle. The observer can easily achieve this by, for example, inclining the security element toward him, away from him or laterally, or bringing him into different relative positions to a fixed light source. It is also possible to change the relative position of the light source, but this usually entails a greater outlay.
  • the illumination or viewing angle is not measured under the practical conditions of the "man on the road” check, so it is irrelevant whether it is Angle with integer or decimal degrees. It is important that the viewer can detect both partial surfaces under the same condition simultaneously with the eye, if possible in the focus of the visual field. At least one of the partial surfaces has different colors depending on the illumination and / or viewing angle. As previously described, such a behavior is called a color flop. As described above, these may be different discrete colors at different angles, but also a continuous color gradient with changing illumination and / or viewing angle.
  • Part surface thus has a so-called optically variable behavior.
  • This subarea exhibits different colors when viewed at different angles, while an adjacent subarea satisfying the requirements described above, in the simplest case, always has the same color at different viewing angles, but always different from the respective color of the optically variable subarea.
  • At least two partial surfaces of the coating have different colors at different illumination and / or viewing angles, i. a color flop, up.
  • the security element according to the invention is constructed so that in each case two adjacent partial surfaces of the coating have different colors under different illumination and / or viewing angles.
  • these are directly adjacent side surfaces, which have at least one common boundary line.
  • Such a common boundary line also has such arrangements of partial surfaces in which one of the partial surfaces optically forms the background for a smaller partial area enclosed therein forms.
  • the appearance of three partial surfaces, of which the first and the third under a certain illumination and / or viewing angle respectively the same color, the second, intermediate partial surface but one to the two adjacent partial surfaces respectively has different color.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention consists in that, at a first illumination and / or viewing angle, the first partial area has a first color, and at a second, different illumination and / or viewing angle has a second color, while the second partial area is below the second first viewing angle said second color and at the second viewing angle having said first color.
  • the color behavior of the two partial surfaces is thus opposite to each other.
  • the security element is particularly visible if the colors used have a high color contrast.
  • the color contrast can be used to create impressive color effects without confusing the viewer.
  • Examples of such colors are a red / gold color flop for the first face and a gold / red color flop for the second face as well as the combination of gold / green with green / gold, blue / green with green / blue and so on ,
  • At least two partial surfaces of the coating are selected such that, at a first illumination and / or viewing angle, the first partial surface has a color that corresponds to the complementary color of the second partial surface, and a second, different illumination and Viewing angle or the first and second sub-areas each having a color corresponding to the complementary color of the color, these areas each having the first viewing angle.
  • one of the partial surfaces can have a yellow color at a certain viewing angle, while a second partial surface has a blue color at this viewing angle. Under a second, different from the first viewing angle
  • Viewing angle then has the first partial area of a blue color, while the second partial area has a yellow color.
  • This example can be repeated with green / purple, red / turquoise or the mixed colors in the color wheel. Since complementary colors, as previously mentioned, each have the greatest possible color contrast to each other and the human eye perceives color contrasts particularly well, this color combination is particularly suitable for attracting high attention even with small-scale security elements or patterns with small area units and thus well-looking and to be recognizable.
  • the advantage for the production of the individual surfaces is that the pigments or mesogenic compounds used are those used for the preparation Achieving the optically variable color effects are used, only have to be coordinated so that the respective color is clearly visible.
  • the red and gold tones for a gold / red color flop on one face and a red / gold color flop on the other face need not be identical, since both reds or both gold tones will never be seen at the same time. This offers the manufacturer a wider range of options for selecting suitable pigments or mesogenic materials and possible color combinations, without neglecting the safety aspect.
  • the partial surfaces in the previously described embodiments are preferably adjacent to one another, in particular immediately adjacent to one another in at least one common borderline. Since the number of partial surfaces of the security element according to the invention is limited only by economic considerations or space requirements to be met, it is readily possible to obtain security elements according to the present invention, for example, alternately recurring the same or an opposite color effect or different optically variable effects on the same colored background demonstrate. This results in broad, clearly visible design options.
  • the platelet-shaped effect pigments or liquid-crystalline compounds used it may be appropriate to enhance the color impression which can be achieved by targeted selection or pre-coating of the substrate over the entire coated partial area or a part thereof. This can be done in the context of the invention by a wholly or partially black, gray or otherwise dark color of the substrate below the coating forming the partial surfaces.
  • this color of the substrate can be an intrinsic one, ie, the substrate can per se have a dark and thus at least partially absorbing coloring, or the substrate is provided with a corresponding precoating.
  • This can, as usual, consist of absorbing dyes or color pigments in a suitable binder with optionally further additives.
  • dark colors are to be understood as meaning all customary dark shades which have a strongly absorbing effect, that is to say different dark red, dark blue, dark green, dark violet and dark brown shades, etc. The latter not only influence the good visibility of the security element according to the invention but by their own color and the color position of the applied thereon faces, if they contain at least partially transparent platelet-shaped effect pigments or transparent polymerized or crosslinked liquid-crystalline materials.
  • black and gray substrates only enhance the color impression that can be produced directly with the materials contained in the sub-areas on it.
  • An enhancement of the color impression which is produced by the flake-form effect pigments or mesogenic materials used in the coating, can also be achieved by the deliberate admixture of black, gray or dark-colored colorants directly in the coating.
  • Such colorants may consist of organic or inorganic pigments or soluble dyes. In the case of inorganic pigments, it may also be platelet-shaped effect pigments.
  • nematic liquid-crystalline materials are used as the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable mesogenic material for the coating of a partial surface
  • a completely or partially reflecting substrate instead of an absorbing substrate.
  • an intrinsically reflective substrate can be used, or one of the substrates mentioned is wholly or partially provided with a reflective precoating. Suitable reflective substrates are described in more detail below.
  • Inorganic platelet-shaped effect pigments in the context of the invention are platelet-shaped pearlescent pigments, predominantly transparent or semitransparent interference pigments and metallic effect pigments, or mixtures of two or more of these pigments. These platelet-shaped pigments are composed of one or more layers of possibly different materials.
  • Pearlescent pigments consist of transparent platelets with high
  • interference pigments Refractive index and show in parallel orientation by multiple reflection a characteristic pearlescence.
  • pearlescent pigments which additionally show interference colors, are referred to as interference pigments.
  • classic pearlescent pigments such as TiO 2 platelets, basic lead carbonate or BiOCl pigments are in principle suitable as inorganic platelet effect pigments according to the invention preferably interference pigments or metallic effect pigments are used which on an inorganic platelet-shaped support at least one coating of a metal, metal oxide , Metal oxide hydrate or mixtures thereof, a mixed metal oxide, metal suboxide, metal oxynitride, metal fluoride, BiOCl or a polymer.
  • the metallic effect pigments preferably have at least one metal layer.
  • the inorganic platelet-shaped support preferably consists of natural or synthetic mica, kaolin, talc or another layer silicate, of glass, SiO 2 , a borosilicate, graphite platelets, of Al 2 O 3 , another metal oxide such as Fe 2 O 3 or TiO 2 , or metal flakes, such as aluminum, titanium, bronze, silver, copper, gold, steel or various metal alloys. Particular preference is given to supports of mica, glass, graphite, SiO 2 , TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 or mixtures thereof.
  • the size of these platelet-shaped supports is not critical per se. As a rule, they have a thickness of between 0.01 and 5 ⁇ m, in particular between 0.05 and 4.5 ⁇ m.
  • the extension in the length or width is usually between 1 and 250 ⁇ m, preferably between 2 and 200 ⁇ m and in particular between 2 and 100 ⁇ m. They usually have an aspect ratio (diameter to particle thickness ratio) of 2: 1 to 25000: 1, and more preferably from 3: 1 to 2000: 1.
  • a coating applied to the support consists of metals, metal oxides, metal oxide hydrates or mixtures thereof, metal mixed oxides, metal suboxides or metal fluorides and in particular of colorless or colored metal oxides selected from TiO 2 , titanium suboxides, titanium oxynitrides, Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , SnO 2 , Sb 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , B 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 , ZnO, CuO, NiO or mixtures thereof or the associated hydrates.
  • Coatings of metals are preferably of aluminum, titanium, chromium, iron, nickel, silver, zinc, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, palladium, copper, gold, platinum or alloys containing them.
  • Coatings of metal oxides which contain metals for example coatings containing metallic iron, preferably mixed with FeO and / or F 3 O 4 , are also particularly suitable.
  • the metal fluoride used is preferably MgF 2 .
  • monolayer effect pigments i. used with a layer of one of the above materials coated platelet-shaped support materials, more preferably, however, multilayer effect pigments.
  • These have on a platelet-shaped, preferably non-metallic carrier several layers, which preferably consist of the aforementioned materials and have different refractive indices in such a way that in each case at least two layers of different refractive index are alternately on the carrier, wherein the refractive indices in the individual Differentiate layers by at least 0.1 and preferably by at least 0.3.
  • the layers located on the support can be both almost transparent as well as colored or semitransparent. It is particularly preferred when pigments are used in which the layer (s) on the platelet-shaped carrier material largely completely encase it.
  • the flake-form effect pigments described above may be present in the coating in the security element according to the present invention singly or in admixture.
  • the platelet-shaped effect pigments are preferably transparent or semitransparent, ie they transmit at least 10% of the incident light.
  • Such flaky effect pigments are preferably used because their transparency in a security product comprising a security element according to the present invention contributes to a wide variety of possible background or background colors, as already mentioned above.
  • a flake-form effect pigment which has at least one metal layer or a layer containing metallic parts.
  • the aforementioned, metallic iron-containing pigments are used here.
  • other metal layers containing pigments, especially those with metallic carrier plates, are suitable.
  • Such pigments are generally almost opaque to incident light and thus have a very high hiding power.
  • angle-dependent color changes that can be generated thereby (color flop) are therefore easily visible without the need to use a black or dark-colored substrate.
  • platelet-shaped effect pigments are used, the different visually perceptible color under different lighting and / or viewing angles. and / or leave a brightness impression, that is to say have a color flop, or, in other words, are optically variable.
  • the angle-dependent different color impression results from angle-dependent different interference colors of the pigments, which optionally interact with optionally also resulting absorption colors of these pigments.
  • the optically variable platelet-shaped effect pigments preferably have at least two and at most at least two different illumination or viewing angles four, but preferably under two different illumination or viewing angles, two or three different illumination or viewing angles, three optically clearly distinguishable discrete colors.
  • the discrete hues and no intermediate stages are present, that is, a clear change from one color to another color is recognizable when the security element containing the optically variable pigments is tilted off.
  • optically variable platelet-shaped effect pigments can be used, which when tilted over different
  • Illumination and / or viewing angle have a color gradient.
  • the optical properties of the platelet-shaped effect pigments thus determine the optical properties of the coating of the partial surfaces containing them. Since not all of the partial surfaces must have an angle-dependent color behavior, the coating of the partial surfaces may also contain exclusively platelet-shaped effect pigments which are not optically variable in the sense described above but which, for example, have a high color strength, satin effects, glitter effects and the like. It goes without saying that such additional effect pigments can also be contained in the coating of the partial surfaces designated as optically variable in a mixture with the optically variable effect pigments.
  • the platelet-shaped effect pigments used according to the invention are present in the coating in the security element in an oriented form, i. they are aligned almost parallel to the substrate of the security element.
  • alignment is already effected essentially by means of the customary methods used for applying the security element, for example customary printing or coating methods.
  • platelet-shaped effect pigments it is possible to use, for example, the commercially available interference pigments which are known under the names Iriodin®, Colorstream®, Xirallic®, Lustrepak®, Colorcrypt®, Colorcode® and Securalic® from Merck KGaA, Mearlin® from Mearl, metallic effect pigments from Eckhard and goniochromic (optically variable) effect pigments such as Variochrom® from the company BASF, Chromafflair® from Flex Products Inc., as well as other similar commercially available pigments.
  • this list is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive.
  • platelet-shaped effect pigments with further additives into precursors in the form of, for example, pigment mixtures, masterbatches, pastes, pastes, granules, pellets and the like, and to use the latter for the production of, for example, printing inks or other coating compositions, which can in particular result in processing-related facilitations ,
  • the in-situ polymerized and / or crosslinked mesogenic material is a material obtained by in situ polymerization and / or crosslinking of polymerizable or crosslinkable mesogenic materials.
  • Such materials are nematic, smectic or chiral nematic (cholesteric) materials. Preference is given to using nematic or cholesteric materials which each produce different optical effects in the security element according to the invention.
  • Coatings can be obtained, which, when applied to an absorbent substrate, can lead to angle-dependent color changes of the applied layer. Therefore, the in situ polymerisable and / or crosslinkable cholesteric mesogenic materials which are used according to the invention, coated partial surfaces alone by the use of these materials have angle-dependent variable (optically variable) color effects. On the other hand, with nematic liquid-crystalline materials, in front of a reflective background, it is possible to produce coatings which themselves are colorless and thus have the color of the respective substrate visually detectable.
  • suitable dyestuffs, color pigments, effect pigments or the like are added to the nematic mesogenic materials used according to the invention or if they are applied to a colored reflective substrate, they show a uniform coloring when the security element is viewed without auxiliary means.
  • the partial surfaces of the security element according to the invention coated with nematic mesogenic materials are to have angle-dependent colors, it is necessary that they be applied to an angle-dependent color-exhibiting (optically variable) reflective substrate or that the coating composition contains optically variable platelet-shaped effect pigments.
  • the optically variable substrate may be, for example, a substrate precoated with optically variable platelet-shaped effect pigments.
  • the partial surfaces coated in this way have a hidden security feature, which can only be detected with a linear polarizer, and optionally a visually detectable color or optically variable (open) security feature.
  • the cholesteric polymerizable mesogenic materials according to the present invention are therefore preferably applied on the coating surface containing them on a black, gray or dark-colored substrate, which also has to be only partially dark in color.
  • the nematic polymerisable mesogenic materials are preferably applied to an at least partially reflective substrate in the coating of the subarea.
  • the reflective substrate may be metallic or metallized substrates, preferably having one or more metal layers. Such substrates may also be surfaces of holograms, kinegrams or hot stamping foils. Suitable metallic or metallized substrates are, for example those with layers of Al 1 Cu, Ni, Ag, Cr or alloys such as Pt-Rh or Ni-Cr. However, the reflective layers on the substrate may also be formed by applying a coating containing reflective pigments. Particularly suitable reflective pigments are metal pigments of aluminum, gold or titanium, or even the previously described platelet-shaped effect pigments, which may also have highly reflective properties. This applies in particular to the aforementioned metallic effect pigments.
  • reflective pigments When such reflective pigments are added directly to the polymerizable nematic mesogenic material in the coating composition, they also form a reflective background in the coating without the need for a separate reflective coating on the substrate.
  • in situ polymerisable or crosslinkable mesogenic materials are to be understood as those mesogenic materials which can be polymerized or crosslinked directly on a substrate.
  • the substrate can be both the substrate of the present security element and an auxiliary substrate on which a film consisting essentially of mesogenic material and optionally suitable additives is cured, which subsequently with or without the auxiliary substrate in the form of a film the substrate of the security element according to the invention is applied.
  • the latter is preferably done by means of an adhesive layer or in the form of a hot-melt adhesive film.
  • the auxiliary substrate is preferably a polymeric substrate, a metallized polymeric substrate, a metallic substrate, a common transfer element, which is usually composed of multiple layers of suitable materials such as polymer layers, paper layers, metal layers, adhesive layers, release layers, etc., or the like.
  • the mesogenic material for the coating composition is preferably an in situ polymerizable or crosslinkable material, which polymerizes and / or cross-links during or after the evaporation of a solvent and is present in the (in situ) polymerized and / or crosslinked form in the security element according to the present invention. It preferably contains at least one polymerisable mesogenic compound which has a polymerisable functional group and at least one further polymerisable mesogenic compound which has two or more polymerisable functional groups.
  • mesogenic compounds or materials are to be understood as meaning those which have one or more rod-shaped, board-shaped or disk-shaped mesogenic groups, ie those which are capable of inducing liquid-crystalline behavior. Such compounds may but need not necessarily have liquid crystalline phases themselves. It is also possible that they show a liquid-crystalline behavior only when mixed with other compounds or after polymerization.
  • the polymerizable material contains polymerizable mesogenic compounds having two or more polymerizable functional groups (di- or multireactive or di- or multifunctional compounds)
  • a three-dimensional network is formed during the polymerization which is self-supporting and has high mechanical and thermal stability as well has a low temperature dependence of its physical and optical properties.
  • the glass transition temperature which is important for mechanical stability, can be adjusted in a simple manner via the concentration of the multifunctional mesogenic compounds.
  • the polymerizable mesogenic mono-, di- or multifunctional compounds can be prepared by generally known methods. Such methods are described for example in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart. Typical examples are given in WO 93/22397; EP 0 261 712; DE 19504224; DE 4,408,171 and DE 4405316. However, the compounds described therein are merely illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting.
  • Examples of particularly suitable monoreactive polymerizable mesogenic compounds are shown in the following list of compounds. These serve to illustrate the invention and in no way to limit it.
  • P denotes a polymerizable group, preferably an acryl, methacryl, vinyl, vinyloxy, propenyl, ether, epoxy or styryl group
  • x and y independently of one another denote 1 to 12
  • A denotes 1, 4-phenylene, which is optionally mono-, di- or tri-substituted by L 1 , or means 1,4-cyclohexylene
  • v is 0 or 1
  • Z 0 is -COO-, -OCO-, -CH 2 CH 2 - or a single bond
  • Y means a polar group
  • Ter means a terpenoid residue such as menthyl
  • Chol means a cholesteric group
  • R 0 means a non-polar alkyl or alkoxy group
  • L 1 and L 2 each independently represent H, F, Cl 1 CN or an optionally halogenated alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl or alkoxy
  • polar group in this context means a group which consists of F, Cl, CN, NO 2 , OH, OCH 3 , OCN, SCN, an optionally fluorinated carbonyl or carboxyl group having up to 4 C atoms or a mono- , oligo- or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 4 C atoms is selected.
  • nonpolar group means an alkyl group having 1 or more, preferably 1 to 12 C atoms or an alkoxy group having 2 or more, preferably 2 to 12 C atoms.
  • CLC cholesteric liquid crystalline materials
  • they preferably include nematic or smectic Host material and one or more chiral dopants that induce the helical twist of the host material.
  • These chiral dopants may or may not be polymerizable. Although these may be mesogenic and also liquid-crystalline compounds, the dopants need not necessarily be liquid-crystalline.
  • chiral dopants having a high twisting power HTP
  • chiral dopants having a high twisting power are, for example, the compounds sold under the name S 1011, R 811 or CB 15 by Merck KGaA, Darmstadt.
  • E and F independently of one another have one of the meanings of A as previously described, v represents 0 or 1, Z 0 represents -COO-, -OCO-, -CH 2 CH 2 - or a single bond, and R represents alkyl, alkoxy , Carbonyl or carbonyloxy with 1 to 12 C atoms.
  • the compounds of the formula IM are described in WO 98/00428, while the synthesis of the compounds of the formula IV is disclosed in GB 2,328,207.
  • Polymerizable chiral compounds are preferably selected from the compounds of formulas Ik to Ip and Mc to Me. It is likewise possible to select compounds of the formulas Ia to II, where R 0 or Y has a chiral C atom.
  • the amount of chiral dopants in the mesogenic material is preferably less than 15% by weight, in particular less than 10% by weight, particularly preferably less than 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the mesogenic material (without solvent).
  • the polymerization of the polymerizable mesogenic material takes place by the action of heat or photochemically active radiation on the polymerizable material.
  • Photochemically effective radiation is understood to mean the influence of light, for example UV light, IR light or visible light, the influence of X-ray radiation or gamma radiation or the irradiation with high-energy particles, for example ions or electrons.
  • the polymerization is carried out by means of UV irradiation.
  • a radiation source for this purpose a single UV lamp or a set of UV lamps can be used.
  • the curing time can be reduced by a high light intensity.
  • Another source of photochemically active radiation may also be lasers, for example UV lasers, IR lasers or visible lasers.
  • the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a polymerization initiator which absorbs at the wavelength of the photochemically active radiation.
  • a polymerization initiator which absorbs at the wavelength of the photochemically active radiation.
  • a photoinitiator may be used which, under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, decomposes to form free ions or radicals which initiate the polymerization reaction.
  • a radical photoinitiator used in the polymerization of polymerizable mesogenic vinyl and epoxide groups.
  • a cationic photoinitiator is preferably used. It is also possible to use a polymerization initiator which decomposes upon exposure to heat to form free radicals or ions which initiate the polymerization.
  • the commercially available Irgacure 651®, Irgacure 184®, Darocur 1173® or Darocur 4205® (from Ciba Geigy AG) agents may, for example, be used as the photoinitiator for the free radical polymerization, while in the cationic photopolymerization, the commercially available initiator is preferably used with the Designation UVI 6974 ® (Union Carbide) can be used.
  • the polymerizable liquid-crystalline material preferably contains 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular 0.05 to 5% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight, of a polymerization initiator. UV photoinitiators are preferred, especially radical UV photoinitiators.
  • the curing time depends, among other things, on the reactivity of the polymerizable mesogenic material, the thickness of the applied layer, the nature of the photoinitiator and the strength of the UV lamp.
  • Curing time is preferably not longer than 10 minutes, especially not longer than 5 minutes, and more preferably shorter than 2 minutes.
  • short curing times of 3 minutes or shorter preferably 1 minute or shorter and more preferably 30 seconds or shorter are preferred.
  • the polymerizable mesogenic material may additionally comprise one or more suitable components, such as, for example, catalysts, sensitizers, stabilizers, inhibitors, co-reacting monomers, surface-active substances, lubricants, wetting agents, dispersants, water repellents, adhesives, flow improvers, defoamers, degassing agents, thinners, reactive thinners, auxiliaries, dyes or pigments, for example also the platelet-shaped effect pigments described above.
  • suitable components such as, for example, catalysts, sensitizers, stabilizers, inhibitors, co-reacting monomers, surface-active substances, lubricants, wetting agents, dispersants, water repellents, adhesives, flow improvers, defoamers, degassing agents, thinners, reactive thinners, auxiliaries, dyes or pigments, for example also the platelet-shaped effect pigments described above.
  • stabilizers all compounds can be used, which are known in the art for this purpose. These compounds are commercially
  • chain transfer agents may also be added to modify the physical properties of the resulting polymer film.
  • monofunctional thiol compounds such as dodecanethiol or multifunctional thiol compounds such.
  • trimethylolpropane tri-3-mercaptopropionate is added as a chain transfer agent, the length of the free polymer chains and / or the length of the polymer chains between two crosslinks can be controlled.
  • the amount of the chain transfer agent is increased, the length of the polymer chains in the resulting polymer film decreases.
  • di- or multifunctional polymerizable mesogenic compounds it is also possible to add up to 20% by weight of non-mesogenic compounds having two or more polymerisable functional groups.
  • difunctional non-mesogenic monomers are alkyl diacrylates or alkyl dimethacrylates having alkyl groups of 1 to 20C
  • non-mesogenic monomers having more than two polymerizable groups are trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate or pentaerythritol tetraacrylate.
  • the polymerizable material contains up to 70% by weight, preferably 3 to 50% by weight, of a non-mesogenic compound having a polymerizable functional group.
  • Typical representatives of monofunctional non-mesogenic monomers are alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates.
  • the polymerization is preferably carried out in the liquid-crystalline phase of the polymerizable material. For this reason, it is preferable to use polymerizable mesogenic compounds or mixtures of low melting points and broad liquid crystal phase.
  • the use of such materials allows the lowering of the polymerization temperature, which simplifies the polymerization process and is particularly advantageous for continuous production.
  • the selection of a suitable polymerization temperature depends largely on the clearing point of the polymerizable material and on the softening point of the substrate.
  • the polymerization temperature is at least 30 degrees below the clearing temperature of the polymerizable mesogenic material. Polymerization temperatures below 120 0 C are preferred, in particular temperatures below 90 0 C and particularly preferably polymerization temperatures of 60 0 C or below.
  • the partial surfaces of the coating of the security element according to the invention are in the form of a dried or otherwise cured coating composition.
  • the coating composition contains inorganic flaky effect pigments, it may be present in the form of a dried and optionally cured coating (polymeric film) containing an organic binder or in the form of a polymeric film containing the effect pigments on the substrate.
  • the coating composition contains in situ polymerized or crosslinked mesogenic compounds, it is likewise present on the substrate in the form of a polymeric film or a polymeric film, depending on the layer thickness of the coating. Since this layer, as already mentioned above, also on an auxiliary substrate, such as a hot stamping foil, can not be located directly on the substrate of the security element, but may for example be connected via an adhesive layer with this.
  • At least one of the partial surfaces of the coating has yet another security feature.
  • the other detectable security features are optical, machine or haptic detectable security features.
  • optically detectable security features are those that are visually perceptible with little or no tools, but are different from the optical, in particular optically variable, color and / or brightness impression of the security element according to the invention. However, it is not excluded that such optically detectable
  • Security features are also machine-evaluable and thus can be detected by machine.
  • This is additional visible information such as printed characters, symbols or microtexts, but in particular the additional optically detectable security feature is a laser marking.
  • the latter can be obtained by the coating of at least one partial surface containing a material suitable for the laser marking and being described with a laser beam.
  • Laser-sensitive materials which produce laser-writability of the coating are, for example, various fillers, inorganic pigments including electrically conductive pigments and / or effect pigments such as, for example, interference pigments or pearlescent pigments, as have already been described above. These can therefore both give the coatings of the partial surfaces of the security element according to the invention a characteristic coloring and also generate the laser-markability of the surface.
  • Particularly suitable fillers and inorganic pigments are particulate SiO 2 and TiO 2 as well as sheet silicates such as muscovite mica or other mica such as phlogopite and biotite, synthetic mica, talc and talc Glass scales proved. Suitable effect pigments have already been described extensively in advance. Suitable electrically conductive pigments are described below.
  • Other suitable laser-sensitive pigments are the oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, sulfates and phosphates of metals, such as. As copper, bismuth, tin, zinc, silver, antimony, manganese, iron, nickel or chromium, which are often inorganic color pigments.
  • the security elements on the laser-sensitive coating are marked with high-energy radiation in the wavelength range from 157 to 10600 nm, in particular in the range from 300 to 10600 nm.
  • Applicable here for example, known from the prior art CO 2 laser (10600 nm), Nd: YAG laser (1064 or 532 nm) or pulsed UV laser (excimer laser). Particular preference is given to using Nd: YAG lasers and CO 2 lasers.
  • the energy densities of the lasers used are generally in the range from 0.3 mJ / cm 2 to 50 mJ / cm 2 , preferably in the range from 0.3 mJ / cm 2 to 10 mJ / cm 2 .
  • Suitable machine-detectable security features are those whose luminescent, magnetic, electrically conductive, thermoelectric or piezoelectric properties can be detected by means of conventional technologies and devices.
  • the coating of at least one partial surface of the security element according to the invention additionally contains at least one material with luminescent, magnetic, electrically conductive, thermoelectric or piezoelectric properties, which may be particulate.
  • These materials may be present individually or in combination of two or more in the coating of one or more partial surfaces of the security element according to the invention.
  • Luminescent compounds are understood to be substances which, by excitation in the visible wavelength range, in the IR or in the UV wavelength range of the light, by electron beams or by X-rays, are a machine-measurable and possibly visible one Emit radiation. These also include substances which emit radiation by excitation in the electromagnetic field, the so-called electroluminescent substances, which possibly additionally luminesce by excitation in the UV or IR wavelength range. In this case, neither the irradiated nor the emitted light must be visible. Upon irradiation of UV light (ultraviolet light), fluorescent or phosphorescent substances and the so-called upconverters which emit visible radiation upon irradiation of IR light (infrared light) are preferred.
  • Suitable for this purpose are all known particulate and soluble substances having the abovementioned properties which can be incorporated into the abovementioned coatings without substantially impairing the optical effect of the platelet-shaped effect pigments or of the in situ polymerized or crosslinked mesogenic materials.
  • the particulate substances are present in a suitable particle size, ie with an average particle size of about 0.001 to about 35 .mu.m, preferably from 0.005 to 20 .mu.m and particularly preferably from 0.01 to 1 .mu.m before.
  • particulate substances need not necessarily be present in pure form but may also comprise microencapsulated particles as well as doped or coated carrier materials impregnated with luminescent substances.
  • luminescent substances besides all types of organic luminescent substances, the following compounds can be mentioned here: Ag-doped zinc sulfide ZnS: Ag, zinc silicate, SiC, ZnS,
  • ZnS, CdS which are activated with Cu or Mn, ZnS / CdS: Ag; ZnS: Cu, Al;
  • MgSiO 3 Mn; ZnO: Zn; Gd 2 O 2 STb; Y 2 O 2 STb; La 2 O 2 STb; BaFChEu; LaOBrTb; Mg-tungstate; (Zn, Be) silicate: Mn; Cd Borat: Mn; [Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 F,
  • At least one of the partial surfaces of the security element according to the invention additionally contains at least one particulate substance having electroluminescent properties, and preferably also a transparent electrically conductive pigment.
  • the substances having electroluminescent properties are generally particulate materials which contain inorganic compounds of the group II and VI of the periodic system, for example ZnS or CdS, which are doped or activated with metals such as Cu, Mn or Ag.
  • particulate luminescent substances based on predominantly with Mn, Sr or rare earth activated silicates, aluminates, phosphates, tungstates, germanates, borates, etc., in particular substances based on Zn 2 SiO 4 : Mn or particulate organic polymers or mixtures of the aforementioned compounds are used.
  • These substances emit after excitation in an alternating electric field, a visible radiation.
  • the emission of visible light takes place solely or predominantly by the excitation in an alternating electric field and to a lesser extent also by excitation in the ultraviolet or infrared spectral range.
  • the particles are present in the form of microencapsulated compounds.
  • materials for the enveloping layer in particular polymers or even various metal oxides are well suited. These protect the electroluminescent substances from various environmental influences, for example from the wet components of a printing ink, which can cause decomposition of the electroluminescent substances in the long-term effect.
  • the aging resistance of the electroluminescent substances can be increased or their light emission can be modified by filter layers.
  • the particle size of the particles is selected to suit the type of coating chosen. Since printing processes, in particular gravure printing processes, are also to be used, the average particle sizes are preferably in the range from about 0.2 to about 100 ⁇ m, preferably from 1 to 50 ⁇ m and particularly preferably from 2 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • UV filter layers In order to ensure, if necessary, that no excitation of the luminescence takes place in the ultraviolet spectral range, it is additionally possible for UV filter layers to be applied to the surface of the electroluminescent particles.
  • the particulate electroluminescent substances may be used singly or in admixture of two or more different substances. If different substances are used, it is advantageous if they emit radiation of different colors.
  • Substances with electrically conductive properties are usually particulate and consist of or contain electrically conductive substances.
  • transparent electrically conductive pigments those pigments are used which have at least one transparent electrically conductive layer. Preference is given to using those pigments which have at least one transparent electrically conductive layer on a substrate which is selected from the group consisting of TiO 2 , synthetic or natural mica, other phyllosilicates, glass, SiO 2 and / or Al 2 O 3 .
  • the substrates mentioned are platelet-shaped.
  • the use of pigments is also suitable, which have at least one transparent electrically conductive layer on a non-platelet-shaped substrate made of the abovementioned materials.
  • Transparent pigments consisting of an electrically conductive material are also suitable. It is particularly advantageous if the electrically conductive pigments have gently rounded shapes without corners, sharp edges or protruding tips, both in cross-section and in the longitudinal axis.
  • the use of the non-platelet-shaped pigments is limited only by the application properties in the security element according to the invention.
  • the electrically conductive layer or the electrically conductive material of the transparent electrically conductive pigments comprises one or more conductive doped metal oxides, such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide or titanium oxide, which with gallium, aluminum, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, phosphorus , Arsenic, antimony, selenium, tellurium and / or fluorine.
  • conductive doped metal oxides such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide or titanium oxide, which with gallium, aluminum, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, phosphorus , Arsenic, antimony, selenium, tellurium and / or fluorine.
  • the above-mentioned transparent conductive pigments may have one or more further layers above and / or below the conductive layer. These layers can Metal oxides, metal oxide hydrates, metal suboxides, metal fluorides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or mixtures of these materials.
  • the color pigments of the pigments can be adapted to the requirements of the users, in particular if the additional layers are located below the conductive layer.
  • the conductivity can be tailored to the requirements of the application.
  • a mica coated with at least one electrically conductive metal oxide layer is used.
  • a mica pigment coated with a layer of antimony-doped tin oxide is used.
  • Pigments of this type are commercially available and are offered for example by Merck KGaA.
  • electrically conductive particulate materials from other manufacturers are also suitable, in particular also the graphite or soot particles customarily used for such purposes, if no transparent electrically conductive materials are required.
  • the electrically conductive particulate materials generally have average particle sizes of from 0.001 to about 35 .mu.m, preferably from 0.005 to 20 .mu.m and more preferably from 0.10 to 10 ⁇ m. In this case, a narrow particle size distribution is preferred.
  • the electrically conductive pigment used for this purpose should preferably have sufficiently high transparency and simultaneously high electrical conductivity.
  • the particle diameter of the pigment is in a range of 1 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 to 70 ⁇ m. A narrow particle size distribution is preferred.
  • the aspect ratio i. the ratio of diameter to thickness of the pigments in the case of platelet-shaped conductive pigments is at least 2: 1, but preferably at least 10: 1 and particularly preferably at least 100: 1.
  • the number-weighted mean grain area F 50 is greater than or equal to 150 microns 2 , in particular greater than or equal to 200 microns 2 .
  • the number-weighted proportion of pigments having a particle size of less than 80 ⁇ m 2 is less than or equal to 33%, and preferably less than 25%, based on the transparent conductive pigments.
  • the number-weighted proportion of pigments having a grain area of less than 40 ⁇ m 2 is less than or equal to 15%, and preferably less than or equal to 10%, based on the transparent conductive pigments.
  • the reduction of the fines leads to a reduction of the light scattering and thus the haze in the security element according to the invention.
  • Grain area is the value for the size of the main area of the platelets, namely the area with the longest axis.
  • control of the fine fraction for example, by measuring under the microscope and counting the measured particles. This can be carried out visually, possibly simplified by comparing the samples against counted standards or automatically with the aid of a video camera and a suitable automatic image analysis software.
  • Such automatic evaluation systems for particle size analysis are known to the person skilled in the art and are commercially available. For a statistically verified grain size analysis at least 1000 and preferably 2000 particles or more should be measured.
  • the transparent electrically conductive pigment can be used individually or as a mixture of two or more different pigments in the security element according to the invention.
  • the diversity can consist both in the use of pigments of different materials, with different shapes and / or with different colors. Only the optical transparency of the material should be guaranteed.
  • Pigments are present since the presence of the latter causes an increase in the electroluminescence intensity in the former and thus generates machine readability.
  • substances with magnetic properties are usually particulate.
  • all particles which consist of magnetizable materials or contain magnetizable materials as core, coating or doping are suitable for this purpose.
  • magnetizable materials in this case all known materials such as magnetizable Metals, magnetizable metal alloys or metal oxides and oxide hydrates; such as ⁇ -Fe 2 ⁇ 3 or FeOOH can be used.
  • Their mean particle size is generally in the range of about 0.01 to about 35 microns, preferably from 0.03 to 30 microns and more preferably from 0.04 to 20 microns.
  • the magnetic properties of the particles should be so strong that they can be machine-determined.
  • Their shape is not essential, in particular also needle-shaped magnetic particles can be used.
  • the pigments already mentioned above which have at least one metallic iron-containing layer on a transparent platelet-shaped support.
  • these pigments are also optically variable because of the further layers still remaining and the layer thicknesses matched to each other. change their color with changing illumination and / or viewing angle.
  • the coating of the at least one partial surface of the security element according to the invention by the addition of a single pigment both optically variable and magnetizable configured, which is for the safety aspect of the feature of particular importance.
  • the size ratios of these pigments, as well as other platelet-shaped magnetizable pigments generally move in the ranges already described for the support materials of the platelet-shaped effect pigments.
  • thermoelectric and piezoelectric materials are also possible to incorporate thermoelectric and piezoelectric materials into the coating of the partial surfaces of the security element according to the invention.
  • thermoelectric materials while substances with high electrical, but low thermal conductivity are used, such as nanostructures of heavy elements such as cesium bismuth tellurides, lead tellurides, lead selenium selenides, bismuth tellurides, antimony tellurides, etc.
  • quartz particles are preferably used, which in deformation a generate electrical voltage or cause a voltage when creating an electrical voltage. These materials have average particle sizes of about 0.001 to about 35 microns.
  • the machine-readable components mentioned here can be present individually or in a mixture with one another in the partial surfaces of the security element according to the present invention.
  • the security element by a suitable combination of identical or different machine-readable components with a coding which allows an identification of encrypted information, for example on the manufacturer, the product nature, and the like.
  • a coding which allows an identification of encrypted information, for example on the manufacturer, the product nature, and the like.
  • forms of coding are already known per se and include, for example, differently colored luminescent particles in defined relation to one another, which can clearly identify a specific product or even a specific batch of a product.
  • the concentration of the machine readable components in the security element coating is largely determined by the degree of machine detectability.
  • the machine-readable constituents are present in an amount of from 0.01 to 12% by weight, preferably in an amount of from 0.05 to 10% by weight and more preferably from 0.1 to less than 5% by weight, in each case on the total weight of the coating, in this before.
  • the security element in addition to the optically variable coloration of at least one of the subareas, has a machine-detectable component in one or more of the subareas and can also be printed with another optically detectable security feature, such as a microtext, printed characters or symbols or a laser marking.
  • security elements are available which are optically variable and may additionally contain both a further optically detectable security feature and a machine-detectable security feature.
  • the additional optically detectable component leads to a further visible effect, which can be reliably detected by the inexperienced viewer without further aids.
  • the machine-detectable components or another security level is obtained, which is detectable only by the expert assessors with the aid of special equipment. This combination significantly increases the security against counterfeiting of security elements.
  • Haptic detectable security features are those that can be detected by the human sense of touch. This does not exclude that they can also be detected mechanically by means of suitable equipment. Haptically detectable security features are the incorporation of suitable materials into the coating, uneven coating thicknesses of the coating or subsequent mechanical treatment of the coating, for example using temperature and pressure (Debossed), available. In this way, high-low structures can be obtained in the coating.
  • the coating when it is in the form of a polymeric film, it can be provided with a high-low structure by methods such as compression, embossing, stamping and other similar processes.
  • the high-low structure is only present on the surface of the polymeric layer, the optionally present optically variable color impression of the polymeric film is not completely lost.
  • the surface of the present in the form of a polymeric film coating is partially or fully heated until a certain flowability of the upper layer is reached (partial melt). Temperatures of about 50 ° C. to about 220 ° C. are generally sufficient for this purpose.
  • the polymeric film is provided at pressures of about 100 bar to about 600 bar with a high-low structure and then allowed to cool.
  • the pre-created high-low structure manifests.
  • the person skilled in the art is quite capable here of making a suitable choice from the generally customary methods and process conditions.
  • the polymeric films described above can also be provided with high-low structures by means of suitable tools.
  • Such coatings, which in addition to the optionally present optically variable coloring also have a high-low structure, can thus be used without problems for the production of security elements according to the invention which are optically variable and at the same time have a haptically detectable security feature, since embossings, regardless of their shape and depth, usually via the human sense of touch can be detected. This does not rule out that these high-low structures can also be detected by machine.
  • the coating in the form of a polymeric film or a polymeric film is usually provided with a high-low structure only when the security element according to the invention is already in or on a product to be protected is present, for example, to prevent the high-low structure is damaged in the incorporation of the security element in the product to be protected.
  • the high-low structure can also be applied in advance to the coating if this is transferred later to the partial surface of the security element.
  • the coating for the security element according to the invention may also contain further inorganic or organic colorants on one or more of the partial surfaces. Color pigments or soluble dyes included. These can serve for the desired fine adjustment of the color properties of the partial surfaces.
  • inorganic colorants e.g. all customary transparent and opaque white, colored and black pigments, such as, for example, berlin blue, bismuth vanadate, goethite, magnetite, hematite, chromium oxide, chromium hydroxide, cobalt aluminate, ultramarine, chromium-iron mixed oxides, spinels such as Thenard blue, cadmium sulphides and selenide, Chromat-pigments or carbon black are suitable, while as organic colorants in particular quinacridones, benzimidazoles, copper phthalocyanine, azo pigments, perinones, anthanthrones, other phthalocyanines, anthraquinones, indigo, thioindigo and their derivatives, or Carmine are mentioned. In general, it is possible to use all organic or inorganic colorants which are customary in particular in the printing sector.
  • titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are given by way of example only.
  • the particle size of the inorganic and organic color pigments is not limited, but must be adapted to the requirements of the application of the coating of the security element, for example, if this is done by means of a printing process. Also when incorporated into polymers Foils are to be noted the appropriate characteristics regarding the size of the particles.
  • the present invention also provides a method for producing a security element, wherein at least one
  • the coating compositions contain inorganic platelet-shaped effect pigments or in situ polymerizable and / or crosslinkable mesogenic materials, which are selected such that at least one of the partial surfaces of the coating has different colors as a function of illumination and / or viewing angle and the colors of at least two of the partial surfaces are different from each other under each illumination and / or viewing angle, and the coating is optionally solidified.
  • two coating compositions contain mutually different inorganic platelet-shaped effect pigments or polymerizable and / or crosslinkable mesogenic materials which have different color and / or brightness impressions as a function of the illumination and / or viewing angle, and thus two or more partial areas the coating applied, wherein the colors of at least two of the partial surfaces are different from each other under each illumination and / or viewing angle.
  • three or more coating compositions contain mutually different platelet-shaped effect pigments or polymerisable and / or crosslinkable mesogenic materials which, depending on the illumination and / or viewing angles have different color and / or brightness impressions, and thus three or more sub-areas of the coating are applied, the colors of three or more of the sub-areas being different from each other at each illumination and / or viewing angle.
  • This embodiment thus permits the design of a security element according to the invention in such a way that at least three different-colored partial areas can be recognized simultaneously under any possible illumination and / or viewing angle,
  • At least two immediately adjacent partial surfaces are applied, the colors of which are different from one another at each illumination and / or viewing angle.
  • strong color contrasts and spectacular play of colors at different angles are particularly visible even on smaller surface units.
  • the coating compositions are preferably applied in the form of a paint, a printing ink, an in situ polymerizable and / or crosslinkable mesogenic composition or a polymeric film on the surface of the substrate.
  • Printing inks are usually applied to the surface of the substrate by means of the usual printing methods.
  • printing inks may contain the customary further additives.
  • These usually consist of one or more suitable organic binders which are optionally supplemented by solvents, adhesion promoters, dispersing aids, drying accelerators, photoinitiators and the like, which are generally used in printing inks. It goes without saying that the binders and additives are adapted to the printing method used and that the printing ink has an appropriate viscosity.
  • Suitable printing methods in principle are all printing processes known and customary in the production of security products, such as offset printing, letterpress printing, offset coating, flexographic printing, screen printing, sublimation printing, gravure printing, in particular gravure printing and intaglio printing, the so-called overprint varnish
  • the screen printing is used.
  • paints are usually applied are, for example, doctoring, brushing, stamping, casting methods, painting methods, flow methods, roll or screen application methods or application by means of an air brush.
  • suitable application methods with which paints are usually applied are, for example, doctoring, brushing, stamping, casting methods, painting methods, flow methods, roll or screen application methods or application by means of an air brush.
  • colors contain similar additives such as printing inks.
  • the coating of the partial surfaces of the security element according to the invention can also take place in the form of a polymeric film.
  • a polymeric film This may be, for example, a laminated or glued foil laminated on the surface of the substrate or a foil coextruded in advance with other polymer foils.
  • rigid sheets of polymeric materials are suitable, which are connected to the surface or other, optionally information-bearing layers in a conventional manner, for example by gluing.
  • the thickness of the polymeric film or polymeric film, the polymeric material, the flexibility of the layer, or the nature of the connection of that layer to the surface of the security element or other intervening layers is not limitative as long as at least the sparkleness of the layer (or angle dependent Color play) and the possibly existing additional security features in this layer can be clearly recognized and evaluated.
  • the polymeric film or sheet containing inorganic flake-form effect pigments is transparent. Therefore, transparent polymers are preferably used. This applies, for example, to polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and their copolymers and graft polymers, polyvinylidene chloride and fluoride, polyamides, polyolefins, polyacrylic and vinyl esters, thermoplastic polyurethanes, cellulose esters and the like. They can be used individually or in suitable mixtures.
  • the polymeric layer may additionally contain customary auxiliaries and additives such as fillers, UV stabilizers, inhibitors, flame retardants, lubricants, plasticizers, solvents, dispersants and additional dyes or organic and / or inorganic color pigments.
  • customary auxiliaries and additives such as fillers, UV stabilizers, inhibitors, flame retardants, lubricants, plasticizers, solvents, dispersants and additional dyes or organic and / or inorganic color pigments.
  • the polymeric films are preferably prepared by various suitable methods, such as film casting, spin coating, extrusion, calendering or compression molding, but especially by extrusion processes or by a blown film process.
  • the various starting materials are mixed together and processed in suitable, generally known systems to polymer layers in the form of films of different thickness or thin plates.
  • the platelet-shaped effect pigments present in the polymer composition and possibly also other platelet-shaped pigments which are still present are aligned on the surfaces of the tools and are therefore oriented in the resulting polymer layers substantially parallel to the surfaces of the polymer layer. Stretching and pulling operations during film blowing or as subordinate steps to extruding further reinforce this orientation of the pigments. During the subsequent cooling, this orientation is fixed.
  • the coating in the form of a polymeric film or a polymeric film can also consist to a considerable extent of in situ polymerized and / or crosslinked mesogenic materials.
  • the coating composition which contains in situ polymerizable and / or crosslinkable mesogenic materials and optionally other auxiliaries and additives, with a suitable viscosity on the surface of the Substrate applied and solidified there by drying and / or crosslinking / polymerization.
  • Suitable ingredients for the coating composition have been previously described.
  • the substrate on the surface provided with the coating is colored completely or partially black, gray or otherwise dark-colored or completely or partially reflective beneath the coating , or wholly or partially provided with a black, gray or otherwise dark colored layer or a reflective coating before it is coated with the coating composition.
  • the surface of the substrate below the coating depending on the ingredients selected in the coating, partially black, gray or dark-colored and partially reflective is formed. Details have already been described in advance.
  • At least one of the partial surfaces of the coating of the security element according to the invention has a defined shape. It can be a symbol, a stripe, a geometric shape, a fancy sign, a lettering, an alphanumeric character, the
  • the shape of these faces is not limited, except by the technical possibilities of the types of coatings used.
  • at least one of the partial surfaces has a defined shape and at least one further partial surface forms a background for the mold.
  • the background surface may in turn also have its own shape, which is different from the first shape or identical to the first shape and differs only in size from the first shape.
  • a letter or lettering or a number on a surrounding rectangular, square or round surface called, both faces are equipped according to claim 1.
  • optically variable security element is preferably in the form of a label, sticker, transfer element, security strip, imprint, a film, a window or similar embodiments. According to its shape or structure, it may cover the surface of an object to be protected over the entire surface or partially or be incorporated into such an object.
  • the security element according to the invention is preferably used to secure objects against counterfeiting, even though it may well be included in the artistic design of the corresponding subject matter because of its color design and thus can meet design requirements.
  • the items to be secured are conventional security items from the high-security area and the medium security area, such as banknotes, checks, credit cards, shares, passports, identification documents, driving licenses, stamps, seals and labels, but also packaging materials or everyday objects, such as clothing, shoes, household articles, or packaging for perfumes, pharmaceuticals, cigarettes or delicacies.
  • this list is exemplary and not to be understood as limiting. Basically, the applicability of the security element according to the invention is limited only by economic considerations.
  • the security element according to the invention provides a means of safeguarding objects against counterfeiting, which ensures good visual recognition at different illumination and / or viewing angles even for the inexperienced user, can be used on small area units, optionally the additional integration of various other security features allowed and therefore very variable in different levels of security can be used, at the same time cost over a very simple process, preferably a standard printing process, can be produced and is difficult to fake. Furthermore, the security element according to the invention can be used on almost all objects that are to be protected against counterfeiting and can also be made visually appealing. This makes it possible to respond very flexibly to the different needs of product protection.
  • the security element according to the invention can be used on the object to be protected together with further security features known from the prior art.
  • Example 1a The screen printing ink obtained in Example 1a is printed on vellum paper by means of a rectangular stencil and a screen size 77T on a manual screen printing machine (type ATMA, ESC, Bad Salzuflen) and allowed to dry. Subsequently, the screen printing ink obtained in Example 1b is also printed on the vellum paper via a rectangular stencil adjacent to the first imprint with the same hand screen printing machine and allowed to dry.
  • a manual screen printing machine type ATMA, ESC, Bad Salzuflen
  • a security element is obtained from two rectangular, immediately adjacent subareas which, when viewed almost perpendicularly (steep viewing angle), exhibit a golden color on a partial surface (1a) of a red and of the adjoining partial surface (1b). If the printed paper is slowly tipped to a flat viewing angle, this color position is initially maintained until a sudden color change takes place in such a way that on the first partial area (1a) a golden color and on the second partial area (1b) a red color is perceptible ,
  • the screen printing ink obtained in Example 2a is printed on vellum paper by means of a round stencil and a screen size 77T on a manual screen printing machine (type ATMA, ESC, Bad Salzuflen) and allowed to dry. Subsequently, the screen printing ink obtained in Example 2b is printed on the paper via an annular template having a recess in the center of the circular template in such a way that the first imprint (2a) is encircled by the second imprint (2b).
  • a manual screen printing machine type ATMA, ESC, Bad Salzuflen
  • a round security element which has a central area (2a) which, when viewed almost perpendicularly, shows a red color in the glancing angle (steep viewing angle) and a golden color on the annularly adjacent area (2b). If the printed paper is slowly tipped to a flat viewing angle, this color position is initially maintained until a sudden color change takes place in such a way that on the first partial surface (2a) a golden color and on the second partial surface (2b) a red color is perceptible ,
  • Example 3 Under UV light, the inner circular partial surface shows a green fluorescence, while on the outer annular partial surface a red fluorescence can be perceived.
  • Example 3 a)
  • Example 3a and 3b The screen printing inks obtained in Example 3a and 3b are printed on vellum paper over stencils according to Example 2 and allowed to dry.
  • a round security element is obtained which has a central area (3a) which, when viewed almost perpendicularly, exhibits a violet color in the glancing angle (steep viewing angle) and a green area on the annularly adjacent surface (3b). If the printed paper is slowly tipped to a shallow viewing angle, the mentioned remains Color setting initially obtained until a sudden color change takes place in such a way that on the first part surface (3a) a violet and on the second part surface (3b) a green color is perceptible.
  • the inner circular partial surface shows a green fluorescence, while on the outer annular partial surface a red fluorescence can be perceived.

Landscapes

  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de sécurité optiquement variable destiné à sécuriser des objets contre la contrefaçon, un procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de sécurité ainsi que son utilisation.
EP07846543A 2006-12-06 2007-11-08 Élément de sécurité optiquement variable Withdrawn EP2097273A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006057507A DE102006057507A1 (de) 2006-12-06 2006-12-06 Optisch variables Sicherheitselement
PCT/EP2007/009701 WO2008067887A2 (fr) 2006-12-06 2007-11-08 Élément de sécurité optiquement variable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2097273A2 true EP2097273A2 (fr) 2009-09-09

Family

ID=39363078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07846543A Withdrawn EP2097273A2 (fr) 2006-12-06 2007-11-08 Élément de sécurité optiquement variable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8642161B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2097273A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006057507A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008067887A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2207854B1 (fr) * 2007-10-26 2012-01-25 Basf Se Element de securite
EP2174796B1 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2012-07-25 European Central Bank Méthode de marquage par laser d'un document, le document doté d'une couleur fixe dans un environnement doté d'un effet de décalage de couleur
EP2174797A1 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-14 European Central Bank Document marqué au laser doté d'un effet de décalage de couleur
US8629784B2 (en) 2009-04-02 2014-01-14 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Peripheral salient feature enhancement on full-windshield head-up display
US8629903B2 (en) 2009-04-02 2014-01-14 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Enhanced vision system full-windshield HUD
ES2581655T3 (es) * 2009-06-22 2016-09-06 Polska Wytwornia Papierow Wartosciowych S.A. Papel de seguridad para grabado con láser, documento de seguridad y método para la fabricación de documentos de seguridad
DE102011012274A1 (de) 2010-03-18 2011-09-22 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Verfahren zum drucktechnischen Erzeugen einer strukturierten Fläche
ES1074970Y (es) * 2011-04-28 2011-10-05 Prepaytrans Gestion Empresarial S L Tarjeta bancaria
FR2992255B1 (fr) 2012-06-22 2015-09-04 Arjowiggins Security Element de securite et document securise.
FR2993798B1 (fr) * 2012-07-25 2015-03-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede de marquage d'un substrat metallique par incorporation de particules inorganiques luminescentes
ES2584727T3 (es) 2013-02-27 2016-09-28 Philip Morris Products S.A. Artículo para fumar con marca que cambia de color
US10369831B2 (en) * 2013-08-23 2019-08-06 Merck Patent Gmbh Printed image
IN2014MU03621A (fr) 2013-11-18 2015-10-09 Jds Uniphase Corp
EP2946938B1 (fr) 2014-05-23 2017-04-12 Merck Patent GmbH Procédé de traitement laser de revêtements
DE102014018512A1 (de) 2014-12-12 2016-06-16 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Optisch variables Sicherheitselement
BR112017027367B1 (pt) * 2015-06-18 2022-08-02 Sicpa Holding Sa Partícula composta, pluralidade de partículas compostas, marcação compreendendo as mesmas e artigo tendo marcação no mesmo
EP3185221B1 (fr) 2015-12-23 2023-06-07 Friedrich Kisters Dispositif d'authentification et procede de reconnaissance optique ou acoustique
DE102016106065A1 (de) * 2016-04-04 2017-10-05 Erich Utsch Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines retroreflektierenden Kfz-Kennzeichenschilds, retroreflektierendes Kfz-Kennzeichenschild sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
WO2019051472A1 (fr) 2017-09-11 2019-03-14 Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Us, Inc. Système et procédé de détection d'étanchéité
DE102018000343A1 (de) 2018-01-17 2019-07-18 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit Lumineszenz-Motivbereich
KR102008934B1 (ko) * 2018-11-26 2019-08-08 한국조폐공사 발광 물질을 포함한 플라스틱 제품 및 그 진위 판별 방법

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5766738A (en) 1979-12-28 1998-06-16 Flex Products, Inc. Paired optically variable article with paired optically variable structures and ink, paint and foil incorporating the same and method
EP0556449B1 (fr) * 1992-02-21 1997-03-26 Hashimoto Forming Industry Co., Ltd. Peinture avec dessins faits magnétiquement et objets peints ayant des dessins formés magnétiquement
US5424119A (en) * 1994-02-04 1995-06-13 Flex Products, Inc. Polymeric sheet having oriented multilayer interference thin film flakes therein, product using the same and method
US7604855B2 (en) * 2002-07-15 2009-10-20 Jds Uniphase Corporation Kinematic images formed by orienting alignable flakes
DE102004039355A1 (de) * 2004-08-12 2006-02-23 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008067887A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8642161B2 (en) 2014-02-04
WO2008067887A2 (fr) 2008-06-12
US20100072739A1 (en) 2010-03-25
DE102006057507A1 (de) 2008-06-12
WO2008067887A3 (fr) 2008-10-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2097273A2 (fr) Élément de sécurité optiquement variable
EP1748903B1 (fr) Element de securite lisible par machine pour produits de securite
EP2296911B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un produit de sécurité et/ou de valeur présentant un motif aléatoire et une chaîne de caractères d'identification corrélée
EP2217666B2 (fr) Pigment de sécurité
EP2296912B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un produit de sécurité et/ou de valeur comprenant des régions présentant une émission de luminescence différente
WO2004101890A1 (fr) Double marque de securite
DE19907697A1 (de) Wertdokument
EP2318884B1 (fr) Kinégramme binaire
WO2006045567A2 (fr) Utilisation de corps moules constitues de particules a noyau et enveloppe
WO2010040444A1 (fr) Procédé de revêtement
WO2013056782A1 (fr) Microcapsule et utilisation, élément de sécurité présentant des microcapsules et support de données équipé d'un tel élément de sécurité
EP2118855B1 (fr) Document de sécurité et/ou de valeur à cristal photonique
DE102008058397A1 (de) Wertdokument mit matten und glänzenden Oberflächenbereichen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
EP2858828A1 (fr) Procédé de réalisation de motifs macroscopiques en trois dimensions dans des revêtements à cristaux liquides
AT501989B1 (de) Sicherheitsmerkmal mit unter einem bestimmten betrachtungswinkel optisch erkennbaren merkmalen
EP1580297A2 (fr) Matériau en feuille en particulier pour éléments de securité

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20090418

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20091007

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20160601