EP2087281A2 - Method and device for removing solids deposited on the bottom of a pipe - Google Patents

Method and device for removing solids deposited on the bottom of a pipe

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Publication number
EP2087281A2
EP2087281A2 EP07819879A EP07819879A EP2087281A2 EP 2087281 A2 EP2087281 A2 EP 2087281A2 EP 07819879 A EP07819879 A EP 07819879A EP 07819879 A EP07819879 A EP 07819879A EP 2087281 A2 EP2087281 A2 EP 2087281A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
radial
cooling water
outside
center
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07819879A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2087281B1 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Michel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Uhde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uhde GmbH filed Critical Uhde GmbH
Publication of EP2087281A2 publication Critical patent/EP2087281A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2087281B1 publication Critical patent/EP2087281B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/52—Washing-out devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces

Definitions

  • the blowdown is usually carried out at the bottom of the connected steam drum, possibly with an additional Abschlämmitzkeit the shell emptying of the boiler itself.
  • boiler damage Another factor influencing boiler damage is the concentration of impurities in the boiler feed water, which settle in zones of high steam production. Therefore, boiler damage is always concentrated on the hot legs of the tube bundle while the cold legs remain undamaged. An optimized design for a vertical boiler must therefore consider and optimize all these factors.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that a forced flow of the cooling water in the region of the tube bottom surface is effected by a plurality of angles to the vertical, introduced in the tube plate cooling holes.
  • the forced flow is effected from the outside to a drainage tube bottom center.
  • At least two non-rotating radial passages are provided from the outside to the center of the tube bottom in the case of an alternating-field bore, whereby a forced flow from the outside to the tubesheet center is effected in the lanes by the cooling-water bores employed at an angle.
  • a forced flow formed transversely to the radial gas flow is formed between the heat exchanger tubes due to the inclined cooling water bores in the tube bottom. This means that a flow into the radial passages is effected from the contact surfaces and from there the contaminants are removed into the center of the tube bottom and out of the system via the outlet.
  • the invention also provides in further embodiments that, with four radial no-contact streets, the transverse flow formed between each tube quadrant is formed in half between the heat exchanger tubes to the one adjacent lane and half to the other adjacent lane.
  • Another embodiment of the invention consists in a method according to the invention, which is a waste heat boiler with a Berohrungs Scheme outside at a distance used to the boiler wall inner skirt with cooling water openings in the region of the tube plate, in that the inner shirt is equipped in the region of the non-contacting radial streets withoutdeementzuströmö Maschinenen that is reinforced by the center of the Berohrungsquadranten associated cooling water inlet openings directed towards the center forced flow.
  • the inflow of the cooling water flowing between inner skirt and outer wall of the vertical waste heat boiler is used to increase the cleaning effect.
  • the invention also provides a tube sheet, in particular a vertical waste heat boiler with alternating field within a pipe surrounding inner sleeve at a distance from the boiler shell, which is characterized in that in addition to holes for the riser and downpipes in the tube sheet a variety of Angle to the vertical inclined cooling holes are provided in the pipe bend.
  • Embodiments of the tubesheet result from the other subclaims concerning the tubesheet, wherein it can be provided that the tubesheet in the center is provided with an outlet for removing deposits or sludges that have been washed away.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of a tube sheet with an arrangement scheme of horizontal bores and in
  • Fig. 4 in the same view as Fig. 3 is a plan view of the tube sheet with indicated flushing flow.
  • a generally designated 1 vertical heat boiler of FIG. 1 in addition to the heat exchanger tubes 2 a generally designated 3 tubesheet, fed via horizontal bores 4, 5 cooling holes.
  • Fig. 1 is also indicated that at a distance from the boiler outer wall 6, a riser and downpipes 2 surrounding so-called inner skirt 7 is provided, wherein the inner skirt 7 in the region of the tube bottom cooling water inlet openings 8 through which in the shell space between Kesselau spalland and inner skirt 7 down cooling water can enter the inner Bero range.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial cross section through a tube plate 3.
  • the tube plate 3 in the center of a drain 9, can be flushed through the impurities.
  • the cooling bores 5 acted upon via horizontal bores 4 are inclined according to the invention from the vertical at an angle, which is indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the horizontal bores are in each case one half of a quadrant 11 is disposed in a plane parallel to the adjacent lane 10a or 10b manner, depending in half at 90 0 C.
  • the one direction of the horizontal bores is denoted by 4a, those of the other direction by 4b.
  • the inclined cooling water holes in such a way that the inclination is aligned towards each closest non-corrugated lane 10, each results in transverse flows, represented by small arrows 12 in Fig. 4, wherein the currents in the non-annulatory radial streets 10 are indicated with small arrows 13.
  • the cooling water inlet openings 8 in the inner shirt 7 can be provided so that they act on the central region of each quadrant. This area is indicated in FIG. 4 by double arrows 14, so that an additional flow results through the inflowing cooling water, which is indicated by arrows 15 in FIG. 4.
  • cooling bores surrounding the riser and downpipes can not only be inclined in the pipe bend as described here, but they can also have different inclinations from the inside out, such that a kind of spiral flow results from the outside to the inside. like. more.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for removing solids deposited especially on a pipe bottom of a vertical waste heat boiler with the help of the cooling water that is used. The aim of the invention is to be able to generate a predetermined solid-removing flow above the pipe bottom in order to simplify the design and create an optimum cleaning effect. Said aim is achieved by a plurality of cooling bores which are arranged at an angle to the vertical line, are introduced into the pipe bottom, and generate a positive flow of the cooling water in the region of the pipe bottom surface.

Description

"Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abschlämmung von sich auf einem Rohrboden ablagernden Feststoffen'"Method and device for the sludging of solids depositing on a tube plate"
Neben konstruktiven Besonderheiten von vertikalen Wärmetauschern bzw. Abhitzekesseln liegt ein weiteres Problem darin, sich auf den Rohrböden ablagernde Feststoffe aus dem System zu entfernen, um mit den Ablagerungen verbundene Schäden, etwa durch Korrosion oder dgl . zur verhindern.In addition to design features of vertical heat exchangers or waste heat boilers is another problem is to be deposited on the tubesheets solids from the system to damage associated with the deposits, such as corrosion or the like. to prevent.
Bei horizontalen Kesseln erfolgt die Abschlämmung in der Regel am Boden der angeschlossenen Dampftrommel, eventuell mit einer zusätzlichen Abschlämmmöglichkeit über die Mantelentleerung des Kessel selbst.For horizontal boilers, the blowdown is usually carried out at the bottom of the connected steam drum, possibly with an additional Abschlämmmöglichkeit the shell emptying of the boiler itself.
Bei stehenden Abhitzekesseln erfolgt die Abschlämmung über Stutzen in Rohrbodennähe, bei dem sogenannten Springbrunnendesign über ein zentrales Abschlämmrohr im Zentrum des Rohrbündels nahe der Rohrbodenoberfläche. Bei konventioneller U-Rohrbodenaufteilung lassen sich Abschlämmungen ohne Verlust einer ganzen Rohrreihe nicht im Zentrum des Kessels, sondern nur am Rande der rohrfreien Gasse zwischen den beiden Rohrgangen anordnen.For standing waste heat boilers, the drainage via nozzles in the tube near the floor, in the so-called fountain design via a central Abschlämmrohr in the center of the tube bundle near the tube bottom surface. With conventional U-tube bottom distribution, slurries without loss of a whole row of pipes can not be arranged in the center of the boiler, but only on the edge of the pipe-free passage between the two pipe passes.
Betrachtet man den Wasserumlauf im vertikalen Kessel, so ist klar, dass die Strömung immer von außen in den heißen Bereich des Rohrbündels erfolgt, in dem aufgrund der Dampf- Produktion der Auftrieb am größten ist. Beim Springbrunnen- design ist dies der Mittelpunkt des Kessels, bei dem konventionellen U-Bündel-Design in etwa der Flächenschwerpunkt der heißen Hälfte.Looking at the water circulation in the vertical boiler, it is clear that the flow is always from the outside in the hot area of the tube bundle, in which due to the steam production of the buoyancy is greatest. In the case of the fountain design, this is the center of the boiler, with the conventional U-bundle design roughly the centroid of the hot half.
Aus der Erfahrung von Schäden aufgrund der Ablagerungen auf der Rohrbodenoberseite ist bekannt, dass der natürliche Wasserumlauf einen hervorragenden Transportmechanismus für Feststoffe im Kessel darstellt, die über eine Äbschlämmung aus dem Kessel ausgeschleust werden müssen, um Schäden zu vermeiden.From the experience of damage due to the deposits on the upper surface of the tube, it is known that the natural circulation of water is an excellent transport mechanism for Contaminated solids in the boiler, which must be discharged via a slurry from the boiler to avoid damage.
Eine weitere Einflussgröße bei Kesselschäden stellen Aufkonzentrationen von Verunreinigungen im Kesselspeisewasser dar, die sich in Zonen hoher DampfProduktion einstellen. Daher konzentrieren sich Kesselschäden immer auf die heißen Schenkel des Rohrbündels während die kalten Schenkel unge- schädigt bleiben. Ein optimiertes Design für einen vertikalen Kessel muss also alle diese Faktoren berücksichtigen und optimieren.Another factor influencing boiler damage is the concentration of impurities in the boiler feed water, which settle in zones of high steam production. Therefore, boiler damage is always concentrated on the hot legs of the tube bundle while the cold legs remain undamaged. An optimized design for a vertical boiler must therefore consider and optimize all these factors.
Hier setzt die Erfindung an, deren Aufgabe darin besteht, eine optimale Entfernung von Ablagerungen auf Rohrböden bei vertikal ausgerichteten Kesseln zu ermöglichen.This is where the invention begins, the task of which is to allow optimum removal of deposits on tube sheets in vertically oriented boilers.
Mit einem Verfahren der eingangs bezeichneten Art wird diese Aufgabe gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass durch eine Vielzahl von im Winkel zur Vertikalen angeordneten, im Rohrboden eingebrachten Kühlbohrungen eine ZwangsStrömung des Kühlwassers im Bereich der Rohrbodenoberfläche bewirkt wird.With a method of the type described, this object is achieved according to the invention in that a forced flow of the cooling water in the region of the tube bottom surface is effected by a plurality of angles to the vertical, introduced in the tube plate cooling holes.
Mit der Erfindung wird erreicht, dass eine vorbestimmbare Abschlämmströmung über dem Rohrboden bewirkt werden kann, was zu konstruktiver Vereinfachung führt bei gleichzeitiger optimaler ReinigungsWirkung.With the invention it is achieved that a predeterminable Abschlämmströmung can be effected above the tube sheet, which leads to constructive simplification while optimally cleaning effect.
Weitere Merkmale und Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus den weiteren Unteransprüchen. Dabei ist insbesondere erfindungs- gemäß vorgesehen, dass die ZwangsStrömung von außen zu einem Abfluss aufweisenden Rohrbodenzentrum bewirkt wird.Further features and details emerge from the further subclaims. In particular, it is provided according to the invention that the forced flow is effected from the outside to a drainage tube bottom center.
Diese Vorgehensweise macht es möglich, im Zentrum des Rohr- bodens einen Abfluss vorzusehen und damit die ohnehin vorhandene Strömung zu nutzen, um den Austrag von Verunreinigungen im Zentrum des Rohrbodens zu ermöglichen.This procedure makes it possible, in the center of the pipe Bodens provide a drain and thus use the already existing flow to allow the discharge of impurities in the center of the tube sheet.
Vorteilhaft kann es auch sein, wenn bei einer Wechselfeld- berohrung wenigstens zwei berohrungsfreie Radialgassen von außen zum Zentrum des Rohrbodens vorgesehen sind, wobei in den Gassen durch die im Winkel angestellten Kühlwasserbohrungen eine ZwangsStrömung von außen zum Rohrboden-Zentrum bewirkt wird.It may also be advantageous if at least two non-rotating radial passages are provided from the outside to the center of the tube bottom in the case of an alternating-field bore, whereby a forced flow from the outside to the tubesheet center is effected in the lanes by the cooling-water bores employed at an angle.
Die von außen nach innen gerichtete ZwangsStrömung durch Radialgassen führt bereits zu sehr guten Ergebnissen der Ablagerungsentfernung .The outside-in forced flow through radial streets already leads to very good results of deposition removal.
Um eine gewisse Optimierung der ReinigungsWirkung zu erreichen, kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass zwischen den Wärmetauscherrohren aufgrund der geneigten Kühlwasserbohrungen im Rohrboden dort eine quer zu der Radialgassenströmung ausgebildete ZwangsStrömung ausgebildet wird. Das heißt, aus den Berohrungsflächen wird eine Strömung in die Radial- gassen bewirkt und von dort die Verunreinigungen in das Zentrum des Rohrbodens und über den Ablauf aus dem System entfernt.In order to achieve a certain optimization of the cleaning effect, it can also be provided that a forced flow formed transversely to the radial gas flow is formed between the heat exchanger tubes due to the inclined cooling water bores in the tube bottom. This means that a flow into the radial passages is effected from the contact surfaces and from there the contaminants are removed into the center of the tube bottom and out of the system via the outlet.
Die Erfindung sieht in weiteren Ausgestaltungen auch vor, dass bei vier radialen berohrungsfreien Gassen die je Be- rohrungsquadrant ausgebildete Querströmung zwischen den Wärmetauscherrohren hälftig zu der einen angrenzenden Gasse und hälftig zu der anderen angrenzenden Gasse gebildet wird.The invention also provides in further embodiments that, with four radial no-contact streets, the transverse flow formed between each tube quadrant is formed in half between the heat exchanger tubes to the one adjacent lane and half to the other adjacent lane.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung besteht bei einem Verfahren nach der Erfindung, welches einen Abhitzekessel mit einem den Berohrungsbereich außen auf Abstand zur Kesselwand umgebenden Innenhemdblech mit Kühlwasseröffnungen im Bereich des Rohrbodens einsetzt, darin, dass das Innenhemd im Bereich der berohrungsfreien Radialgassen ohne Kühlwasserzuströmöffnungen derart ausgerüstet ist, dass durch die dem Mittenbereich der Berohrungsquadranten zugeordneten Kühlwassereintrittsöffnungen die zum Zentrum gerichtete ZwangsStrömung verstärkt wird.Another embodiment of the invention consists in a method according to the invention, which is a waste heat boiler with a Berohrungsbereich outside at a distance used to the boiler wall inner skirt with cooling water openings in the region of the tube plate, in that the inner shirt is equipped in the region of the non-contacting radial streets without Kühlwasserzuströmöffnungen that is reinforced by the center of the Berohrungsquadranten associated cooling water inlet openings directed towards the center forced flow.
Durch diese Maßnahme wird der Zulauf des Kühlwassers, das zwischen Innenhemd und Außenwand des Vertikalabhitzekessels strömt, genutzt, um die ReinigungsWirkung zu erhöhen.By this measure, the inflow of the cooling water flowing between inner skirt and outer wall of the vertical waste heat boiler is used to increase the cleaning effect.
Zur Lösung der eingangs bezeichneten Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung auch einen Rohrboden, insbesondere eines Vertikalabhitzekessels mit Wechselfeldberohrung innerhalb eines die Berohrung umgebenden Innenhemdes auf Abstand zum Kesselmantel vor, der sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass neben Bohrungen für die Steig- und Fallrohre im Rohrboden eine Vielzahl von im Winkel zur Vertikalen geneigte Kühlbohrungen im Rohrbogen vorgesehen sind.To solve the above-described problem, the invention also provides a tube sheet, in particular a vertical waste heat boiler with alternating field within a pipe surrounding inner sleeve at a distance from the boiler shell, which is characterized in that in addition to holes for the riser and downpipes in the tube sheet a variety of Angle to the vertical inclined cooling holes are provided in the pipe bend.
Ausgestaltungen des Rohrbodens ergeben sich aus den weiteren, den Rohrboden betreffenden Unteransprüchen, wobei vorgesehen sein kann, dass der Rohrboden im Zentrum mit einem Abfluss zum Entfernen von weggespülten Ablagerungen bzw. Schlämmen versehen ist.Embodiments of the tubesheet result from the other subclaims concerning the tubesheet, wherein it can be provided that the tubesheet in the center is provided with an outlet for removing deposits or sludges that have been washed away.
Vorteilhaft kann es sein, wenn zwischen wenigstens zwei Feldern von Rohrbündeln radial von außen nach innen ausgerichtete steig- und fallrohrfreie Gassen vorgesehen sind, mit Kühlbohrungen im Rohrboden zur Erzeugung einer Kühlmittelzwangsströmung von außen ins Innere des Abhitzekessels im Bereich des Rohrbodens, wie dies die Erfindung ebenfalls in Ausgestaltung vorsieht. Als zweckmäßig hat sich auch erwiesen, wenn die den Steigbzw. Fallrohren zugeordneten Kühlbohrungen im Rohrboden eine von der Vertikalen abweichende Winkelstellung aufweisen, wobei die Projektion der Kühlbohrungen in die Rohrbodenebene senkrecht zur nächstliegenden Radialgasse ausgerichtet ist und/oder dass bei durch vier Radialgassen gebildeten Berohrungsquadranten je die Hälfte der Kühlbohrungen eines Quadranten der benachbarten Radialgasse zugeordnet ist.It may be advantageous if between at least two fields of tube bundles radially outwardly inwardly aligned riser and downpipe-free lanes are provided with cooling holes in the tube sheet to produce a forced coolant flow from the outside to the inside of the waste heat boiler in the region of the tube plate, as the invention also provides in an embodiment. It has also proven to be useful if the Steigbzw. Downpipes associated cooling holes in the tubesheet have a deviating from the vertical angle position, the projection of the cooling holes is aligned in the tube bottom plane perpendicular to the nearest radial lane and / or that is associated with four radial passages Berohrungsquadranten each half of the cooling holes of a quadrant of the adjacent radial lane.
Die oben erwähnte zusätzliche Nutzung der Strömungen durch einen Naturumlauf trägt einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung auch dadurch Rechnung, dass das die Steig- und Fallrohre umgebende Innenhemd nur im Mittelbereich eines jeden Berohrungsquadranten mit bodennahen Kühlwassereinströmöffnungen ausgerüstet ist.The above-mentioned additional use of the currents through a natural circulation also takes account of an embodiment of the invention in that the inner shirt surrounding the riser and downpipes is equipped with ground-level cooling water inflow openings only in the middle region of each Berohrungsquadranten.
Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aufgrund der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie anhand der Zeichnungen. Diese zeigt inFurther features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and from the drawings. This shows in
Fig. 1 eine vereinfachte Schnittdarstellung eines Vertikalabhitzekessels ,1 is a simplified sectional view of a vertical waste heat boiler,
Fig. 2 eine Teilansicht eines Rohrbodens in vereinfachter Darstellung,2 is a partial view of a tube sheet in a simplified representation,
Fig. 3 die Aufsicht auf einen Rohrboden mit einem Anordnungsschema von Horizontalbohrungen sowie inFig. 3 is a plan view of a tube sheet with an arrangement scheme of horizontal bores and in
Fig. 4 in gleicher Ansicht wie Fig. 3 eine Aufsicht auf den Rohrboden mit angedeuteter Spülströmung. Ein allgemein mit 1 bezeichneter Vertikalabhitzekessel nach Fig. 1 weist neben den Wärmetauscherrohren 2 einen allgemein mit 3 bezeichneten Rohrboden auf, der gespeist über Horizontalbohrungen 4, Kühlbohrungen 5 aufweist.Fig. 4 in the same view as Fig. 3 is a plan view of the tube sheet with indicated flushing flow. A generally designated 1 vertical heat boiler of FIG. 1, in addition to the heat exchanger tubes 2 a generally designated 3 tubesheet, fed via horizontal bores 4, 5 cooling holes.
In Fig. 1 ist auch angedeutet, dass auf Abstand zur Kessel- außenwand 6 ein die Steig- und Fallrohre 2 umgebendes sogenanntes Innenhemd 7 vorgesehen ist, wobei das Innenhemd 7 im Bereich des Rohrbodens Kühlwassereintrittsöffnungen 8 aufweist, durch die das im Mantelraum zwischen Kesselaußenwand 6 und Innenhemd 7 nach unten strömende Kühlwasser in den inneren Berohrungsbereich eintreten kann.In Fig. 1 is also indicated that at a distance from the boiler outer wall 6, a riser and downpipes 2 surrounding so-called inner skirt 7 is provided, wherein the inner skirt 7 in the region of the tube bottom cooling water inlet openings 8 through which in the shell space between Kesselaußenwand and inner skirt 7 down cooling water can enter the inner Bero range.
Fig. 2 zeigt einen Teil-Querschnitt durch einen Rohrboden 3. Dabei weist der Rohrboden 3 im Zentrum einen Abfluss 9 auf, durch den Verunreinigungen ausgespült werden können.2 shows a partial cross section through a tube plate 3. In this case, the tube plate 3 in the center of a drain 9, can be flushed through the impurities.
Zur Erzeugung einer ZwangsStrömung von außen zum Zentrum des Rohrbodens und damit zum Abfluss 9, sind die über Horizontalbohrungen 4 beaufschlagten Kühlbohrungen 5 erfindungsgemäß aus der Vertikalen im Winkel geneigt, was in Fig. 2 angedeutet ist.To generate a forced flow from the outside to the center of the tube bottom and thus to the drain 9, the cooling bores 5 acted upon via horizontal bores 4 are inclined according to the invention from the vertical at an angle, which is indicated in FIG. 2.
In der AufsiehtZeichnung der Fig. 3 ist angedeutet, dass zwischen den Steig- und Fallrohren vier radial ausgebildete berohrungsfreie Gassen, in Fig. 4 mit 10 bezeichnet, ausgebildet sind, so dass sich Berohrungsquadrante, durch 11 in Fig. 3 angedeutet, ausbilden.In the AufsätzZeichnung of Fig. 3 it is indicated that between the riser and downcomers four radially formed no-hole streets, in Fig. 4 denoted by 10, are formed, so that Berohrungsquadrante, indicated by 11 in Fig. 3, formed.
Wie sich ebenfalls aus Fig. 3 ergibt, sind die Horizontal- bohrungen in jeweils einer Hälfte eines Quadranten 11 in einer zur benachbarten Gasse 10a bzw. 10b parallelen Weise angeordnet, und zwar je hälftig um 900C versetzt. So ist in Fig. 3 die eine Richtung der Horizontalbohrungen mit 4a bezeichnet, diejenigen der anderen Richtung mit 4b. Schließen sich an diese Horizontalbohrungen die schräggestellten Kühlwasserbohrungen in der Weise an, dass die Schrägstellung in Richtung auf die jeweils nächstliegende berohrungsfreie Gasse 10 ausgerichtet ist, ergeben sich jeweils QuerStrömungen, dargestellt durch kleine Pfeile 12 in Fig. 4, wobei die Strömungen in den berohrungsfreien Radialgassen 10 mit kleinen Pfeilen 13 angedeutet sind.As is also apparent from Fig. 3, the horizontal bores are in each case one half of a quadrant 11 is disposed in a plane parallel to the adjacent lane 10a or 10b manner, depending in half at 90 0 C. Thus, in Fig. 3, the one direction of the horizontal bores is denoted by 4a, those of the other direction by 4b. Close to these horizontal bores, the inclined cooling water holes in such a way that the inclination is aligned towards each closest non-corrugated lane 10, each results in transverse flows, represented by small arrows 12 in Fig. 4, wherein the currents in the non-annulatory radial streets 10 are indicated with small arrows 13.
Zur Verstärkung des Spüleffektes können die Kühlwassereintrittsöffnungen 8 im Innenhemd 7 so vorgesehen sein, dass sie den Mittelbereich eines jeden Quadranten beaufschlagen. Dieser Bereich ist in Fig. 4 mit Doppelpfeilen 14 angedeutet, so dass sich durch das einströmende Kühlwasser eine Zusatzströmung ergibt, die mit Pfeilen 15 in Fig. 4 angedeutet ist.To enhance the rinsing effect, the cooling water inlet openings 8 in the inner shirt 7 can be provided so that they act on the central region of each quadrant. This area is indicated in FIG. 4 by double arrows 14, so that an additional flow results through the inflowing cooling water, which is indicated by arrows 15 in FIG. 4.
Natürlich ist das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vielfältig abzuändern, ohne den Grundgedanken zu verlassen. So können die die Steig- und Fallrohre umgebenden Kühlbohrungen nicht nur in der hier beschriebenen Weise geneigt im Rohrbogen eingebracht sein, sie können auch von innen nach außen abweichende Schrägstellungen derart aufweisen, dass sich eine Art SpiralStrömung von außen nach innen ergibt u. dgl . mehr . Of course, the described embodiment of the invention is variously modify without departing from the spirit. Thus, the cooling bores surrounding the riser and downpipes can not only be inclined in the pipe bend as described here, but they can also have different inclinations from the inside out, such that a kind of spiral flow results from the outside to the inside. like. more.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
1. Verfahren zur Abschlämmung von sich insbesondere auf einem Rohrboden eines Vertikalabhitzekessels ablagernden Feststoffen mit Hilfe des eingesetzten Kühlwassers, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch eine Vielzahl von im Winkel zur Vertikalen angeordneten, im Rohrboden eingebrachten Kühlbohrungen eine ZwangsStrömung des Kühlwassers im Bereich der Rohrbodenoberfläche bewirkt wird.1. A method for the bleaching of particular depositing on a tube plate of a vertical waste heat boiler solids using the cooling water used, characterized in that a forced flow of the cooling water in the region of the tube bottom surface is effected by a plurality of angles to the vertical, introduced in the tube plate cooling holes.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ZwangsStrömung von außen zu einen Abfluss aufweisenden Rohrbodenzentrum bewirkt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the forced flow from the outside to a drain having tube bottom center is effected.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Wechselfeldberohrung wenigstens zwei beroh- rungsfreie Radialgassen von außen zum Zentrum des Rohrbodens vorgesehen sind, wobei in den Gassen durch die im Winkel angestellten Kühlwasserbohrungen eine ZwangsStrömung von außen zum Rohrbodenzentrum bewirkt wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in an AC field at least two beroh- rungsfreie radial streets are provided from the outside to the center of the tube sheet, wherein in the lanes by the angled annealed cooling water bores a forced flow from the outside to the tube plate center is effected.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen den Wärmetauscherrohren aufgrund der geneigten Kühlwasserbohrungen im Rohrboden dort eine quer zu der Radialgassenströmung ausgebildete ZwangsStrömung ausgebildet wird.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that formed between the heat exchanger tubes due to the inclined cooling water bores in the tube plate there formed a transverse to the radial gas flow forced flow.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei vier radialen berohrungsfreien Gassen die je Be- rohrungsquadrant ausgebildete Querströmung zwischen den Wärmetauscherrohren hälftig zu der einen angrenzenden Gasse und hälftig zu der anderen angrenzenden Gasse gebildet wird.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the case of four radial borehole-free passages, the transverse flow formed between each of the heat exchanger tubes per filling quadrant is formed in half to the one adjacent lane and half to the other adjacent lane.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche bei einem Abhitzekessel mit einem den Berohrungsbereich außen auf Abstand zur Kesselaußenwand umgebenden Innenhemdblech mit Kühlwassereintrittsöffnungen im Bereich des Rohrbodens, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Innenhemd im Bereich der berohrungsfreien Radial- gassen ohne Kühlwasserzuströmöffnungen derart ausgerüstet ist, dass durch die dem Mittenbereich der Berohrungsqua- dranten zugeordneten Kühlwassereintrittsöffnungen die zum Zentrum gerichtete ZwangsStrömung verstärkt wird.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims in a waste heat boiler with a Berohrungsbereich outside at a distance to the boiler outer wall surrounding Innenhemdblech with cooling water inlet openings in the region of the tube plate, characterized in that the inner shirt in the region of the non-contacting radial streets without Kühlwasserzuströmöffnungen is equipped such that by the cooling water inlet openings assigned to the central area of the tubing quadrants amplify the forced flow directed towards the center.
7. Rohrboden (3), insbesondere eines Vertikalabhitzkessels mit Wechselfeldberohrung innerhalb eines die Berohrung umgebenden Innenhemdes auf Abstand zum Kesselmantel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass neben Bohrungen für die Steig- und Fallrohre (2) im Rohrboden (3) eine Vielzahl von im Winkel zur Vertikalen geneigte Kühlbohrungen (5) vorgesehen sind.7. tube sheet (3), in particular a Vertikalabhitzkessels with alternating field within a pipe surrounding inner sleeve at a distance from the boiler shell, characterized in that in addition to holes for the riser and downpipes (2) in the tube sheet (3) a plurality of angles to the vertical inclined cooling holes (5) are provided.
8. Rohrboden nach Anspruch 7 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rohrboden (3) im Zentrum mit einem Abfluss (9) zum Entfernen von weggespülten Ablagerungen bzw. Schlämmen versehen ist.8. tubesheet according to claim 7, characterized in that the tube plate (3) is provided in the center with a drain (9) for removing weggespülten deposits or sludges.
9. Rohrboden nach Anspruch 7 oder 8 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen wenigstens zwei Feldern von Rohrbündeln radial von außen nach innen ausgerichtete steig- und fallrohr- freie Gassen (10) vorgesehen sind mit Kühlbohrungen (5) im Rohrboden (3) zur Erzeugung einer Kühlmittelzwangsströmung von außen ins Innere des Abhitzekessels (1) im Bereich des Rohrbodens (3) .9. tubesheet according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that between at least two fields of tube bundles radially from outside to inside aligned riser and downpipe free lanes (10) are provided with cooling holes (5) in the tube sheet (3) for generating a forced coolant flow from the outside into the interior of the waste heat boiler (1) in the region of the tube bottom (3).
10. Rohrboden nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den Steig- bzw. Fallrohren (2) zugeordneten Kühl- bohrungen (5) im Rohrboden eine von der Vertikalen abweichende Winkelstellung aufweisen, wobei die Projektion der Kühlbohrungen (5) in die Rohrbodenebene senkrecht zur nächstliegenden Radialgasse (10) ausgerichtet ist.10. tube plate according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the riser or down pipes (2) associated cooling holes (5) in the tube bottom have a deviating from the vertical angular position, the projection of the cooling holes (5) is aligned in the tube bottom plane perpendicular to the nearest radial lane (10).
11. Rohrboden nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei durch vier Radialgassen (10) gebildeten Beroh- rungsquadranten (11) je die Hälfte der Kühlbohrungen (4a, 4b) eines Quadranten der benachbarten Radialgasse (10) zugeordnet ist.11. tube sheet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in four by four radial streets (10) formed Beroh- quadrature (11) each half of the cooling holes (4a, 4b) of a quadrant of the adjacent radial lane (10) is associated.
12. Rohrboden nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das die Steig- und Fallrohre umgebende Innenhemd (7) nur im Mittelbereich (14) eines jeden Berohrungsquadranten (11) mit bodennahen Kühlwassereinströmöffnungen (8) ausgerüstet ist. 12. tubesheet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the riser and downpipes surrounding inner skirt (7) only in the central region (14) of each Berohrungsquadranten (11) with ground-level Kühlwassereinströmöffnungen (8) is equipped.
EP07819879.3A 2006-12-07 2007-11-21 Method and device for removing solids deposited on a tube bottom Active EP2087281B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006057734.5A DE102006057734B4 (en) 2006-12-07 2006-12-07 Method and apparatus for the sludging of solids depositing on a tube sheet
PCT/EP2007/010060 WO2008067908A2 (en) 2006-12-07 2007-11-21 Method and device for removing solids deposited on the bottom of a pipe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2087281A2 true EP2087281A2 (en) 2009-08-12
EP2087281B1 EP2087281B1 (en) 2014-10-01

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EP07819879.3A Active EP2087281B1 (en) 2006-12-07 2007-11-21 Method and device for removing solids deposited on a tube bottom

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EP (1) EP2087281B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2010521640A (en)
KR (1) KR101385415B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101809367B (en)
DE (1) DE102006057734B4 (en)
HK (1) HK1142944A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008067908A2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102305395B (en) * 2011-07-19 2014-05-07 贵州电力试验研究院 Water washing method of concurrent boiler provided with boiler water pump

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190414833A (en) * 1904-07-01 1905-01-26 Marcel Deprez Improvements in Steam Boilers.
GB170991A (en) * 1920-08-26 1921-11-10 Henry Broscombe Improved apparatus for use in washing out locomotive or other boilers
US3913531A (en) * 1974-06-20 1975-10-21 Combustion Eng Sediment blowdown arrangement for a shell and tube vapor generator
CA994622A (en) * 1974-08-15 1976-08-10 Foster Wheeler Limited Heat exchangers
FR2487043A1 (en) * 1980-07-18 1982-01-22 Framatome Sa DEVICE FOR DECOLMAGING AND RECOVERING SLUDGE ON THE TUBULAR PLATE OF A STEAM GENERATOR
US4566406A (en) * 1983-07-13 1986-01-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Sludge removing apparatus for a steam generator
US4715324A (en) * 1985-11-26 1987-12-29 Apex Technologies, Inc. Nuclear steam generator sludge lancing method and apparatus
ES2017781B3 (en) * 1987-11-11 1991-03-01 Siemens Ag STEAM PRODUCER
US4972804A (en) * 1989-04-25 1990-11-27 Alexander T. Kindling Method and apparatus for organizing the flow of fluid in a vertical steam generator
CN2172834Y (en) * 1993-09-30 1994-07-27 杭州极致过滤器制造有限公司 Discharging device for salt-removing system of boiler
JP2589872Y2 (en) * 1993-12-31 1999-02-03 株式会社千石 Defrosting structure of heat exchanger

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Title
See references of WO2008067908A2 *

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EP2087281B1 (en) 2014-10-01
KR101385415B1 (en) 2014-04-14
DE102006057734A1 (en) 2008-06-26
WO2008067908A3 (en) 2010-04-29
HK1142944A1 (en) 2010-12-17
WO2008067908A2 (en) 2008-06-12
DE102006057734B4 (en) 2014-09-11
JP2010521640A (en) 2010-06-24
CN101809367B (en) 2012-12-26
CN101809367A (en) 2010-08-18
KR20090096447A (en) 2009-09-10

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