EP2084376A1 - Ligne d'echappement des gaz pour moteur a combustion interne equipee de systemes de depollution - Google Patents
Ligne d'echappement des gaz pour moteur a combustion interne equipee de systemes de depollutionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2084376A1 EP2084376A1 EP07866511A EP07866511A EP2084376A1 EP 2084376 A1 EP2084376 A1 EP 2084376A1 EP 07866511 A EP07866511 A EP 07866511A EP 07866511 A EP07866511 A EP 07866511A EP 2084376 A1 EP2084376 A1 EP 2084376A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- line according
- exhaust line
- engine
- exhaust
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0245—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by increasing temperature of the exhaust gas leaving the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/025—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by changing the composition of the exhaust gas, e.g. for exothermic reaction on exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/06—Combinations of different methods of purification afterburning and filtering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
- F01N2430/08—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas exhaust line for a motor vehicle engine equipped with pollution control systems.
- the pollutants resulting from the combustion of a motor vehicle engine whether it is a diesel engine or gasoline are mainly unburned hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides (nitrogen monoxide NO and nitrogen dioxide NO 2 ), carbon oxides (carbon monoxide CO) and in the case of diesel engines and gasoline direct injection engines, carbonaceous solid particles.
- the clearance of motor vehicles uses different after-treatment systems to remove the pollutants produced by the engine: the catalysts, and the particulate filter in the case of diesel engines.
- the particulate filter can filter out solid particles present in the exhaust gas of diesel engines. Once trapped within the filter, the particles must be removed periodically by raising the temperature to 450-700 ° C within the filter to cause their combustion. This operation is commonly called “regeneration" of the particulate filter. Conventionally the energy required for regeneration is provided by an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- the motor it is difficult for the motor to provide such a temperature, particularly in the case of the highest temperatures of 550 to 700 ° C.
- the excess energy in the exhaust compared to the normal operation of the engine is provided by the use of post-injections, that is to say of late fuel injections, after the top dead center of the cycle, or by degradation of the combustion efficiency.
- a post-injection it may burn completely or partially in the engine, generating an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas or, if it is sufficiently late, lead to an increase in the amounts of CO and HC exhaust that oxidize upon arriving at the oxidation catalyst to generate heat.
- This method causes a strong thermal stress on the catalyst closest to the engine which is subjected to each regeneration at a high temperature rise.
- the turbocharger and the exhaust manifold are also subjected to high temperatures.
- the heating methods from the engine lead to the dilution of diesel oil in the lubricating oil thereof, which is detrimental to its life.
- This technology is of particular interest in the case where the oxidation catalyst is split into a part close to the engine outlet (called pre-catalyst) and a part further from this outlet, for example, under the vehicle body (called catalyst).
- pre-catalyst a part close to the engine outlet
- catalyst for example, under the vehicle body
- the major drawback of this technology is the very high thermal load on the catalyst generating the exotherm (up to 400 or 500 ° C exotherm) and the need for a very high HC treatment capacity for the latter. to avoid smoke and odors in the exhaust.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose, in the case of an exhaust line comprising a catalyst associated with a particulate filter, a strategy for generating, upstream of the particulate filter, a sufficiently high temperature to cause total combustion of the particles, without excessive stress on the engine or the catalyst.
- the subject of the present invention is a gas exhaust line for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle equipped with a first oxidation catalyst or pre-catalyst placed close to the exit of the engine gases and a particle filter associated with a second oxidation catalyst placed downstream of the pre-catalyst.
- it comprises first means for generating an increase in the temperature of the gases leaving the engine, second means for causing an exothermic reaction in the pre-catalyst and third means for causing an exothermic reaction in the second catalyst. so as to distribute the generation of the temperature rise of the exhaust gas, necessitated by the regeneration of the particulate filter, between the engine, the pre-catalyst and the second catalyst.
- the means for generating an increase in the temperature of the gas output of the engine are able to cause a degradation of the combustion efficiency.
- the degradation of the combustion efficiency is obtained by under-setting the main fuel injection, that is to say by a later injection with respect to the top dead center of the cycle.
- the degradation of the combustion efficiency is obtained by reducing the quantity of ai r admitted into the engine.
- the means for generating an increase in the temperature of the gases leaving the engine makes it possible to obtain, upstream of the pre-catalyst, a gas temperature of between 200 and 650 ° C.
- the means for causing an exothermic reaction in the pre-catalyst are able to trigger a post-fuel injection phase in the engine.
- the post injection is late and between 90 to 240 ° angle of the crankshaft.
- the temperature of the exothermic reaction in the precatalyst is between 20 and 200 ° C.
- the means for generating an exothermic reaction in the catalyst is a fuel introduction device disposed between the pre-catalyst and the catalyst.
- the temperature of the exothermic reaction in the catalyst is between 20 and 300 ° C.
- the three means for heating the exhaust gases are activated successively as a function of the difference between the temperature of the gases at the outlet of the engine and that necessary upstream of the particulate filter to ensure the regeneration of the latter.
- At least two of the exhaust gas heating means are activated simultaneously. "Both exothermic reactions are produced simultaneously and controlled to ensure the best compromise between HC treatment and fuel consumption.
- the means to generate a rise in the temperature of the gas output of the engine are made preponderant compared to the other two gas heating means.
- the control of the heating means is predefined by cartography.
- the control of the heating means is a closed-loop control.
- the regulation uses one or more temperatures measured, by sensor, at different points of the exhaust line.
- the regulation acts on the sub-setting angle thereof, with respect to an angle of 90.degree. ° of the crankshaft n.
- control modes are pre-determined by mapping and closed-loop control.
- a cartographic control of the motor heating is coupled to a regulation by sensor for exothermic reactions in the precatalyst and in the catalyst.
- the means for heating the exhaust gases are used either continuously, intermittently or in continuously variable amounts.
- the second catalyst is located upstream of the particulate filter or integrated on the same support.
- the fuel comprises an additive that aids the regeneration of the particulate filter.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exhaust line according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a graph of temperatures at different points of the exhaust line, depending on the speed of the engine.
- FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating an example of a change of heating mode during a load reduction of the motor.
- FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate examples of distributions of the heating modes on the motor field.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are examples of control of the various heating means and
- FIG. 9 shows examples of injection sequence.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an exhaust line according to the invention.
- This line comprises, as is known, a motor 1, for example a four-cylinder diesel engine, at the output of which there is an exhaust manifold 2 and a turbocharger 3, opening into the exhaust line.
- a motor 1 for example a four-cylinder diesel engine, at the output of which there is an exhaust manifold 2 and a turbocharger 3, opening into the exhaust line.
- This exhaust line comprises a first catalyst or pre-catalyst 4 placed near the engine gas outlet which makes it possible to treat the HC and CO emissions of the engine
- a device 5 allows the introduction of fuel such as, for example, diesel into the exhaust line.
- This device comprises, for example, introduction control means 6 from a fuel tank 7 of the vehicle or the fuel system of the vehicle.
- the fuel introduction device 5 is disposed between the pre-catalyst 4 and a second catalyst 8 associated with a particulate filter 9.
- the catalyst 8 and the particulate filter 9 are arranged at a sufficient distance from the means 5 for introducing fuel into the exhaust line to allow good homogenization of the gas / fuel mixture.
- a high temperature between 400 and 800 ° C. (preferably between 450 and 700 ° C.), upstream of the particulate filter, without excessive stress on the engine or the catalyst in order to obtain the regeneration of said filtered.
- the strategy consists of distributing the temperature rise between the engine, the pre-catalyst and the catalyst.
- the rise in the temperature of the gases at the outlet of the engine 1 can be obtained by degradation of the combustion efficiency, for example by undercooling of the injection main, that is to say by a later injection compared to top dead center (TDC), by a post-injection totally burning in the engine, by winnowing admission or any combination of these known means.
- TDC top dead center
- FIG. 9b there is shown an injection sequence with undercurrent of the main injection, it can be seen that with respect to a conventional injection, as represented in FIG. 9a, the main injection is displaced from 2 to 20 ° C. crankshaft angle.
- a gas temperature of between 200 and 650 ° C. Under the most common operating conditions of the engine this temperature range will be between 250 and 400 ° C. This corresponds to a temperature rise of 50 to 350 ° C compared to the non-regeneration mode of operation.
- the exothermic reaction on the catalyst 8 is generated by the fuel introduction device 5 which sends into the catalyst hydrocarbons whose oxidation will cause a significant release of heat. It will be sought to obtain a temperature of the exothermic reaction thus created between 20 and 300 ° C., in most cases between 50 and 200 ° C.
- the diagram of FIG. 2 represents the temperatures at the outlet of each of the elements contributing to the heating of the exhaust line, as a function of the speed of the engine: ⁇ 1 is the temperature at the outlet of the turbocharger 3, during normal engine operation, c that is, outside the regeneration phase of the particulate filter; ⁇ 2 is the temperature at the outlet of the turbocharger in the regeneration phase, ⁇ 3 is the temperature at the outlet of the pre-catalyst 4 and ⁇ 4 the temperature at the outlet of the catalyst 8. ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 are, of course, the temperatures reached according to the teachings of the present invention.
- Zone Z in gray, is the temperature zone for the regeneration of the particulate filter.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the possible modes of activation of these various means when the engine load decreases during the regeneration period of the particulate filter.
- the temperature at the motor output ⁇ 5 also decreases. In the part ® of the graph, this temperature is, however, sufficient for the temperature ⁇ 7, upstream of the particulate filter allows the regeneration thereof without the need for additional heating.
- the exothermic reaction in the catalyst 8 and in the pre-catalyst 4 can be activated simultaneously but in variable proportions to find the best compromise between the treatment of HC emissions for which warming of the pre-catalyst is preferable but which penalizes the consumption, which is less important in the case where the catalyst is heated by fuel injection to the exhaust.
- Figures 4 to 6 show such distributions on the motor field.
- zone A of the graphs of FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 normal engine warm-up is sufficient, no additional strategy is involved.
- zone D of the two graphs the motor heating is also activated.
- the generation of exotherms is only used in the zones of the engine field where engine heating is difficult and a source of dilution of the fuel in the lubricating oil (zone F). In the other zones (zone G), the heating is generated solely by the motor.
- the control of the heating means can be done in different ways.
- mapping For example, in a predetermined manner, by mapping. At the same point of the engine speed / load curve is always the same value for each of the heating means. In this case, no specific sensor is needed.
- This regulation can be done from one or more temperatures measured, by sensor, at different points of the line exhaust.
- the temperatures can be measured between the outlet of the turbocharger 3 and the pre-catalyst 4, between the pre-catalyst 4 and the catalyst 8, and downstream of the catalyst 8.
- an additional point can be raised downstream of the filter. particles 9.
- the regulation of the means generating the exothermic reactions can also take into account the exhaust gas flow rate. This flow can be measured or estimated.
- the regulation will act on the quantity and the phasing of it. If it is achieved by a delay of the main injection, the regulation will act on the sub-pitch angle and the amount thereof, with respect to a 90 ° angle of the crankshaft.
- the piloting of the average flow rate of the fuel injected into the exhaust will still make it possible to vary the exothermic reaction of the catalyst.
- This control can be performed from the temperature upstream of the particulate filter.
- FIG. 7 shows a control mode in which a cartographic control of the motor heating is coupled to a sensor regulation for the exothermic reactions: the temperature T1 upstream of the catalyst is measured and compared with the temperature T2 which one it is desired to obtain upstream of the particulate filter, the amounts of heat that must be created in the pre-catalyst (Q1) and in the catalyst (Q2) are thus adjusted continuously.
- the temperature T3 upstream of the particulate filter that allows the regulation, the quantities of heat in the pre-catalyst (Q3) and in the catalyst (Q4) are, they, piloted in all or nothing .
- the heating means can be used during the regeneration phase, in the various applicable control modes, continuously, intermittently or in continuously variable quantities of the PID type, according to the formula:
- Heating requirement Pre-positioning [motor point] + K p x (T-value) + K 1 xj (T-value) + K d x I T-value / Tm (T-value) xd (T-value) / dt
- the quantity injected is thus calculated by summing a quantity dependent on the driving point, by an amount proportional to the difference between the temperature reached and the target temperature, by an amount proportional to the derivative relative to the time of the the difference between the temperature reached and the target temperature (which will be deducted if the difference between the temperature reached and the target temperature is positive and added if the difference is negative) and a quantity proportional to the integral of the temperature. difference over a time much greater than the scale of variation of temperatures.
- the different heating means may use the same type of regulation or different modes.
- the different injections used to obtain the exothermic reactions can also be split into several injections.
- the invention makes it possible to minimize the stresses on all the elements of this line.
- the pre-catalyst which mainly contributes to the depollution on regulatory cycle, will not undergo accelerated aging.
- the amount of HC to be treated by the catalysts is low, in particular for the catalyst located upstream of the particulate filter, which receives the gases injected into the exhaust and under good conditions (hot upstream gases).
- the risk of HC emissions is therefore lower.
- This strategy also allows a limitation of heat losses and thus a gain in consumption during the regeneration phases of the particulate filter.
- the heat generated in the form of an exothermic reaction at the level of the catalysts results in less heat loss than that created at the motor level.
- the invention is applicable to all internal combustion engines equipped with a particulate filter, diesel engine, lean-burn gasoline engine ... It can also be used when the catalyst is situated upstream of the particulate filter, as in the example described above, only when the catalyst is directly impregnated in the particulate filter. In addition, and in all cases, a regeneration aid additive may be added to the fuel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0655118A FR2909123B1 (fr) | 2006-11-27 | 2006-11-27 | Ligne d'echappement des gaz pour moteur a combustion interne equipee de systemes de depolution. |
PCT/FR2007/052268 WO2008065287A1 (fr) | 2006-11-27 | 2007-10-29 | Ligne d'echappement des gaz pour moteur a combustion interne equipee de systemes de depollution |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2084376A1 true EP2084376A1 (fr) | 2009-08-05 |
Family
ID=38110702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07866511A Withdrawn EP2084376A1 (fr) | 2006-11-27 | 2007-10-29 | Ligne d'echappement des gaz pour moteur a combustion interne equipee de systemes de depollution |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100071350A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2084376A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2909123B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2008065287A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5625489B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-25 | 2014-11-19 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 高地における排ガス浄化システム |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3089989B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-18 | 2000-09-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ディーゼル機関の排気浄化装置 |
EP1205647B1 (fr) * | 2000-11-03 | 2003-03-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc., A subsidiary of Ford Motor Company | Procédé de régénération le filtre à particules d'un moteur Diesel |
US6405528B1 (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2002-06-18 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Method for determining load on particulate filter for engine exhaust, including estimation of ash content |
US6622480B2 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2003-09-23 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Diesel particulate filter unit and regeneration control method of the same |
JP2002336627A (ja) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-26 | Mitsui & Co Ltd | 炭素粒子の減少装置 |
US7137246B2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2006-11-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Control for diesel engine with particulate filter |
DE10344216A1 (de) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-05-04 | Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co | Abgasanlage mit Partikelfilter sowie zugehörige Heizeinrichtung und zugehöriges Regenerationsverfahren |
DE10361220B4 (de) * | 2003-12-24 | 2015-01-08 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zum Regenerieren eines Partikelfilters |
JP4161930B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-06 | 2008-10-08 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化システムの制御方法及び排気ガス浄化システム |
FR2880065B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-23 | 2007-02-09 | Renault Sas | Dispositif de depollution des gaz d'echappement |
US7677032B2 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2010-03-16 | Cummins, Inc. | Apparatus, system, and method for determining the distribution of particulate matter on a particulate filter |
-
2006
- 2006-11-27 FR FR0655118A patent/FR2909123B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-10-29 WO PCT/FR2007/052268 patent/WO2008065287A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2007-10-29 US US12/516,551 patent/US20100071350A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-10-29 EP EP07866511A patent/EP2084376A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008065287A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100071350A1 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
FR2909123B1 (fr) | 2012-10-05 |
WO2008065287A1 (fr) | 2008-06-05 |
FR2909123A1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 |
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