EP2082841A1 - Device for aligning fastening means on a workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

The tool for assisting in fastening timber together at an angle using screws (38) comprises a base plate (12), on which a swiveling plate (20) is mounted. This has surfaces (30, 32) which act as a guide for the screw. The guide plate can be swiveled to the desired angle and fastened in position with a catch (36).

Description

The invention relates to a device for aligning a fastening means relative to a workpiece. Fasteners, especially screws or nails, are used for example in timber construction to connect workpieces such as rafters or timber beams together.

Typically, such workpieces are joined together without special preparations being made for the fasteners. The respective fastening means are usually held by the craftsman with one hand, while the other hand, the corresponding tool is operated. A correct alignment of the fasteners against the workpiece to ensure a correct workpiece connection is thus carried out by the craftsman.

Already an introduction of the fastener perpendicular to a flat surface of a workpiece, in particular for long fasteners, cause considerable difficulties. These are due to both handling errors as well as the sometimes quite large forces for driving or screwing the fasteners.

When creating timber truss constructions, it is aggravating that in order to produce a correct connection of workpieces, it may be necessary to align the fastener at an angle deviating from 90 degrees to the workpiece surface. Here must be the artisan prove considerable skill to properly introduce the fastener into the workpiece.

The object underlying the invention is to provide a device which allows a simple and reliable handling of fasteners.

This object is achieved with a device having the features of claim 1.

The device according to the invention comprises a workpiece support, which has at least one bearing surface. The workpiece support serves to align the device on the workpiece and may preferably be formed as a flat plate. The workpiece support is preferably placed flat on a surface of the workpiece. Alternatively, the support surface at least three support points, such as short spikes, which ensure a non-slip support on wooden workpieces. If, in addition, a compressive force is exerted on the workpiece support in the direction of the workpiece, the frictional forces that occur will ensure a sufficient fixation of the device on the workpiece for carrying out the processing operation. The workpiece support is associated with a guide device which serves for the temporary guidance of the fastening means. The guide device allows a reproducible orientation of the fastener relative to the workpiece at the beginning of the processing operation. This orientation of the fastening means is at least as long as important until the fastening means is introduced so far into the workpiece that it will no longer significantly change its orientation during the further introduction process.

In order to allow an adjustment of the orientation of the fastening means relative to the workpiece, the guide device is mounted in a relatively movable manner on the workpiece support. This allows an individual adaptation of the device to the circumstances of the workpieces to be provided with the fastening means. In this case, the guide means is pivotally mounted on the workpiece support. This allows a particularly simple adjustment of the angular alignment between the fastener and the workpiece.

Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

In an embodiment of the invention, the guide device is pivotable in an angular range of at least 60 degrees, preferably at least 75 degrees, in particular at least 90 degrees, relative to the workpiece support. As a result, almost all applications for the introduction of such fasteners can be covered in workpieces. Preferably, the angular range extends from the solder on the workpiece support in a single direction, so that at an angular range of 75 degrees both an orientation of the fastener orthogonal to the workpiece surface and at an acute angle of about 15 degrees to the workpiece surface can be made. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the angular range extends at least regionally, for example by 30 degrees, beyond the perpendicular of the workpiece support. Thus, the orientation of the fastener can be changed without changing the position of the device in an acute as well as at an obtuse angle to the workpiece support.

It is advantageous if locking means for locking the guide device relative to the workpiece support, in particular in predefinable pivot angle positions, are provided. Thereby, a desired orientation of the guide means can be reliably maintained even with a variety of fasteners to be processed. The locking means can cause a frictional connection between guide means and workpiece support, which is particularly advantageous for a stepless pivot angle adjustment. Preferably, one or more preferred pivoting angle positions are particularly easy to find with the aid of suitable devices. For example, latching means such as ball pressure pins between the guide device and workpiece support may be provided, which exert a perceptible for the user locking force on the guide device upon reaching predetermined pivot angle and thus signal the achievement of a preferred position.

The guide device can be provided with at least one guide surface for aligning a central longitudinal axis of the fastening means with respect to the workpiece support. The fasteners are usually slim, elongated screws or nails. These have a central longitudinal axis in the direction of their longest extent, even if they are not formed rotationally symmetrical to this central longitudinal axis. The guide surface is used as a bearing surface for the fastening means to the central longitudinal axis of the fastening means to align in a reproducible manner with respect to the workpiece. The guide surface may be a plane surface or a curved surface. Preferably, at least two guide surfaces are provided in order to ensure a contact of the fastening means in at least two spatial directions.

In a further embodiment of the invention, provided between the guide device and workpiece support geometric pivot axis is arranged such that an alignable on the at least one guide surface fastener cuts the support surface regardless of the pivot angle in the same point. As a result, the fastening means can be placed on its end region, in particular with its tip, on a workpiece surface, possibly marked by marking, impact or screw-in point and subsequently changed in its orientation, without the end region of the fastener on the workpiece surface of the original deviates selected insertion or screw-in point. The geometric pivot axis is that axis about which the pivoting of the guide device actually takes place, but it does not necessarily have to be a physically present axis.

If the support surface lies in a plane, the geometric pivot axis is aligned at least substantially parallel to this plane. Preferably, the geometric pivot axis is arranged in the plane in which the support surface is located. Particularly preferably, the at least one guide surface is aligned such that the central longitudinal axis of the fastener to be processed is aligned orthogonal to the pivot axis.

The guide device can be provided with prismatically arranged guide surfaces. The guide surfaces are each configured as plane surfaces and enclose an angle, preferably a right angle, particularly preferably an obtuse angle. Normal vectors on the guide surfaces are preferably in a common plane. With such an arrangement of guide surfaces fastening means with different cross-section, in particular with different diameters, can be aligned exactly on the guide device and thus with respect to the workpiece surface.

It is advantageous if the guide device has at least one pressure device for applying a contact pressure, which is aligned at least substantially in the direction of the guide surface. The pressure device is to ensure that the fastening means rests as possible over a considerable part of its length on the guide surface to ensure reliable alignment. In a prismatic arrangement of the guide surfaces, the contact force is preferably oriented such that a resulting force vector of the contact force forms the bisector for the normal vectors of the adjacent guide surfaces and intersects the intersection of the guide surfaces. Preferably, the resulting force vector of the contact force is aligned parallel to the pivot axis.

The pressure device may have at least one spring-loaded pressure ram. The pressure stamp is acted upon by an elastic element, in particular by a helical spring, with a contact pressure in the direction of the guide surface and thus makes it possible to fix a fastening means to the guide device. Preferably, a spring characteristic of the elastic element is chosen so that on the one hand a reliable fixing of the fastening means can take place, and on the other hand a relative movement (a translational movement in a nail, a combined translational and rotational movement in a screw) can take place between the fastening means and guide means.

It is advantageous if at least one actuating device is provided for deflecting the spring-biased pressure ram from a pressure position into a release position. The actuating device allows a simple insertion of the fastening means in the guide means by the or the pressure pads are disengaged and thus sufficient space for applying the fastening means is ensured to the at least one guide surface. As soon as the fastening means bears against the guide surface (s), the pressure stamp (s) can again be brought from the release position into the pressure position by means of the actuating means and then exert the corresponding pressure forces on the fastening means.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the actuating device is designed as a rotatably mounted, coupled to the at least one Andruckstempel eccentric. An eccentric element allows a simple implementation of a rotation in a translation and can be designed self-holding with a suitable selection of the eccentric pivot point in the release position. This ensures a reliable fixing of the pressure pistons in the release position and thus a simple application of the fastening means to the guide device.

The at least two pressure punches can be coupled via a connecting element which can be activated by the actuating device. The actuating device can thus move a plurality of pressure punches at least substantially synchronously with one another.

It is advantageous if the pressure pistons are each pivotably coupled to the connecting element. As a result, a positional offset of the pressure punches for compensating for differences in cross-section between the fastening means to be held can occur, in particular with two pressure punches resting on the surface of the fastening means.

In a further embodiment of the invention, at least one pressure stamp on one of the guide surface facing end side at least one, in particular adapted to a thread pitch and / or a thread profile of the fastener, guide groove. This facilitates screwing in screws into the workpiece. The thread of the screw is positively coupled with the at least one pressure ram before engaging in the workpiece. Thus, upon rotation of the screw, a resultant force acts in the direction of the workpiece. With a designed in this way stamping the required for the screwing, usually to be provided by the craftsman pressure force is significantly reduced. This applies in particular to self-tapping screws, which have formed a short drill on the screw tip in order to expose a minimum cross section for the screw core during the screwing process in the workpiece. These are to be acted upon at the beginning of the screwing with considerable pressure, which can be significantly reduced by the threaded engagement in the Andruckstempel.

It is advantageous if at least one pressure pad is secured against rotation in the pressure device or on the connecting element. This ensures that the pressure stamp provided with the guide groove can not escape even when the reaction forces occurring due to the threaded engagement occur.

The position of at least one guide surface can be adjustable translationally parallel to the geometric pivot axis. Thus, an adjustment of the position of the guide surface can be made to different cross sections of the fastening means. For example, the workpiece support can be provided with an adjustable stop strip attached to the edge, in order to ensure a reproducible introduction of the fastening means relative to an edge of the workpiece. If fasteners with different cross-section, in particular diameter, are processed, their central longitudinal axis lies at a different distance from the surface of the guide surface and the stop bar. Due to the translational adjustability of the position of the guide surface can cross-sectional differences the fastener can be compensated in a simple manner.

It is advantageous if the position of the guide surface is gradually adjustable according to a predefinable pitch. Typically, fasteners are processed, the cross-sections, in particular diameter, according to a predetermined grid, for example in millimeter increments have. In order to ensure rapid adjustability and an exact position of the guide surface, the adjustment is possible with a predetermined pitch, for example in millimeter increments.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische und schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Ausrichten einer Schraube gegenüber einem Werkstück mit einem von 90 Grad abweichend eingestellten Schwenkwinkel,

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem eingestellten Schwenkwinkel von 90 Grad,

Fig. 3

eine bereichsweise geschnittene Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer derartigen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 4

eine bereichsweise geschnittene Vorderansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

eine teilweise geschnittene Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3,

Fig. 6

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Führungsschiene in einer Vorderansicht,

Fig. 7

die Führungsschiene gemäß Fig. 6 in einer Schnittdarstellung.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing. In this show:

Fig. 1

a perspective and schematic representation of an apparatus for aligning a screw relative to a workpiece with a non-90 degree pivot angle set,

Fig. 2

a side view of the device according to Fig. 1 with a set tilt angle of 90 degrees,

Fig. 3

a partially sectioned side view of another embodiment of such a device,

Fig. 4

a partially sectioned front view of the device according to Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5

a partially sectioned plan view of the device according to Fig. 3 .

Fig. 6

another embodiment of a guide rail in a front view,

Fig. 7

the guide rail according to Fig. 6 in a sectional view.

The in the Fig. 1 and 2 The alignment device 10 shown schematically in a simplified manner comprises a base plate 12 and a bearing block 14 attached thereto. The base plate 12 is provided with a notch 16 adjacent to the bearing block 14. The bearing block 14 has a circular arc segment-shaped groove 18, in which an integrally formed on a guide rail 20 is formed sliding block 22 slidably. The surfaces of the sliding block 22 that are in contact with the lateral groove boundaries 24, 26 each have substantially the same radii of curvature as the corresponding groove boundaries 24, 26. In addition, the radii of curvature 24, 26 of the groove boundaries and the sliding block 22 have a common center. In some areas, the groove 18 is interrupted by a recess 28 whose curved side surfaces also have the same center as the groove boundaries 24, 26.

The guide rail 20 has an L-shaped profiling and thus forms a first bearing surface 30 and a second bearing surface 32 for the fastener 34 designed as a fastener. At the guide rail 20 facing away from the end of the sliding block 22, an operating lever 36 is screwed, the frictional fixing of the guide rail 20 on the bearing block 14 allows.

The contact surfaces 30, 32 are aligned so that the adjacent screw 34 can be pivoted in a normal to the base plate 12 aligned plane.

The recess 28 is dimensioned so that the screw 34 can be pivoted in an angular range between 45 degrees and 90 degrees relative to the base plate 12. In the Fig. 1 the guide rail 20 is pivoted such that the screw 34 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the base plate 12. In the Fig. 2 the guide rail 20 is pivoted such that the screw 34 is aligned orthogonal to the base plate 12.

The in the Fig. 3 to 5 Aligning device 10 a shown has some structural variations with respect to in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown alignment device 10. Functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals, the same applies to the 6 and 7 ,

In the Fig. 3 are already out of the Fig. 1 and 2 known pivot positions represented by solid and dashed lines. From the Fig. 3 also shows that the central longitudinal axis 38 of the screw 34 regardless of the pivot position always the same point in the determined by the bottom 40 of the flat base plate 12, perpendicular to the plane of the Fig. 3 aligned support plane intersects. In contrast to the Fig. 1 and 2 is provided in the alignment device 10 a instead of an L-shaped guide rail 20, a guide rail 20 a, the a guide block 62 is associated with at an angle to each other bearing surfaces 30a, 32a, as to the Fig. 5 will be described in more detail.

In the Fig. 4 the construction of the guide rail 20a is shown in more detail. As with the guide rail 20 according to the Fig. 1 and 2 the guide rail 20a is provided with an integrally formed sliding block 22, which is guided in the groove 18 of the bearing block 14. A threaded bolt 42 extending from the operating lever 36 engages the guide rail 20a and enables the provision of a releasable clamping connection between the bearing block 14 and the guide rail 20a.

The centers of curvature of the groove boundaries 24, 26 and the sliding block 22 coincide in a common point through which the geometric pivot axis 25 extends and lies in the plane of the bottom 40 of the base plate 12. This ensures that the tip of the screw 34 always impinges on the workpiece surface independently of the pivot angle position of the guide rail 20a relative to the base plate 12 at the same point.

The guide rail 20a is associated with a clamping device 44, the two pressure rams 46, 48 for temporarily fixing the screw 34 includes. The pressure punches 46, 48 are actuated by an eccentric element 50, which acts on a coupling web 52 fastened in each case at the end to the pressure punches 46, 48. The coupling web 52 and the pressure pads 46, 48 coupled thereto can be moved by means of the eccentric element 50 from the pressure position shown by solid lines into a partially dashed line Lines shown release position can be brought. For this purpose, the eccentric element 50 is pivoted about the eccentric pin 56 by means of the pivoting lever 54. In this case, due to the eccentricity of the eccentric element 50, an implementation of a rotational movement takes place in a translation movement acting on the coupling web 52. As a result, the two pressure pistons 46, 48 are transferred against the spring forces of the coil springs 58, 60 from the pressure position into the release position. The eccentricity of the eccentric element 52 and the position of the eccentric pin 56 are selected so that a pivoting of the eccentric element 52 can take place beyond a vertex. There, the eccentric member 52 is held by the coil springs 58, 60 in a self-holding position. Only by renewed actuation of the pivoting lever 54, now in the opposite direction, is again a transfer of the Andruckstempel 46, 48 instead of in the pressure position.

While in the embodiment according to the Fig. 3 to 5 is provided that the pressure rams 46, 48 are screwed into the coupling web 52, alternatively, in the Fig. 6 shown in detail, pivotable connection between Andruckstempeln 46b, 48b and coupling web 52b are used. For this purpose, the pressure punches 46b, 48b are connected to the coupling web 52b with bearing pins 72 running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. As a result, compensation for differences in cross-section of the screw can take place since the pressure punches 46b, 48b, as shown in FIG Fig. 6 is shown schematically without inserted screw, can take different translational positions.

From the top view of Fig. 5 shows that the contact surfaces 30a and 32a are formed on a separately executed guide block 62, which in turn is provided on a side surface with a toothing 64. This toothing 64 is designed corresponding to a toothing 66 on the guide rail 20 a, which is perpendicular to the plane of the Fig. 5 extends. The guide block 62 is fixed by a screw 68 on the guide rail 20a. In this case, the corresponding teeth 64, 66 ensure a positive alignment of the guide block 62 relative to the guide rail 20a by positive locking. In the Fig. 5 is the angled arrangement of the two contact surfaces 30a, 32a visible. These include an obtuse angle.

To screw a screw 34 into a workpiece, not shown, the base plate 12 of the alignment device 10a is first placed on the surface of the workpiece. In order to prevent slippage of the alignment device 10a, the user can, for example with the knee exert a pressing force on the base plate 12 in the direction of the workpiece. Subsequently, the pivot lever 54 of the eccentric 50 as shown in the Fig. 4 brought from the pressure position shown by solid lines in the release position shown in dashed lines, in which the eccentric 50 remains self-holding. The two pressure punches 46, 48 provide a sufficient cross-section for inserting the screw 34 free. After the insertion of the screw 34, the pivot lever 54 is again in the in Fig. 4 brought by solid lines shown pressure position. The two pressure punches 46, 48 exercise due to the in the coil springs 58, 60 stored energy a pressing force on the screw 34 from. Subsequently, an adjustment of the desired angle between the screw 34 and the base plate 12 or workpiece by loosening, pivoting and locking the guide rail 20a by means of the operating lever 36 done. Subsequently, a screwdriver, in particular a cordless screwdriver, placed on the end facing away from the workpiece of the screw 34 and the screwing started. Once the screw 34 has penetrated sufficiently far into the workpiece, the alignment device 10a is removed and the screw 34 can now be fully screwed into the workpiece.

Due to the lateral clamping of the screw 34, which results from the position of the pressure rams 46, 48 perpendicular to the pivot plane, a particularly space-saving design of the device 10 a and easy handling of the controls and the screw 34 can be ensured.

In the embodiment of the guide rail 20b according to the 6 and 7 is in addition to the pivotal connection between the Andruckstempeln 46b, 48b and the coupling web 52b and a twist-proof design of the upper Andruckstempels 46b provided, which is realized by an embodiment of this Andruckstempels 46b with square cross-section. In addition, the pressure punch 46b is equipped with an end guide groove 70, which allows engagement of a thread of the screw 34 in the Andruckstempel 46b and thus ensures propulsion of the screw 34 regardless of a force applied by the operator and engagement of the screw thread in the workpiece.

Claims (18)

Device (10, 10a) for aligning a
Fastening means (34) opposite a workpiece, with a workpiece support (12) having at least one bearing surface (40) and with a guide means (20, 20a, 20b) for temporary guidance of the fastening means (34), wherein the guide means (20, 20a , 20b) is mounted in a relatively movable manner on the workpiece support (12), characterized in that the guide device (20, 20a, 20b) is mounted pivotably on the workpiece support (12). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that
in that the guide device (20, 20a, 20b) is pivotable relative to the workpiece support (12) in an angular range of at least 60 degrees, preferably at least 75 degrees, in particular at least 90 degrees. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized
in that locking means (36) are provided for locking the guide device (20, 20a, 20b) relative to the workpiece support (12), in particular in predefinable swivel angle positions. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the guide means (20, 20a, 20b) at least one guide surface (30, 30a, 32, 30a) for alignment of the central longitudinal axis (38) of the fastening means (34) relative to the workpiece support (12). Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that between the guide means (20, 20a, 20b) and workpiece support (12) provided geometric pivot axis (25) arranged in such a manner in that a fastening means (34) which can be aligned with the at least one guide surface (30, 30a, 32, 32a) intersects the bearing surface (40) at the same point independently of the pivoting angle. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that
that the geometric pivot axis (25) is aligned at least substantially parallel to a plane in which the bearing surface (40) lies. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that
that the pivot axis (25) is arranged in the plane in which the bearing surface (40) lies. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the guide means (20, 20a, 20b) prismatically arranged guide surfaces (30a, 32a). Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the guide means (20, 20a, 20b) at least one pressure device (44) for applying a contact pressure, which is at least substantially aligned in the direction of the guide surface (30, 30a, 32, 32a). Device according to claim 9, characterized in that
that the contact pressure device (44) at least one spring-loaded pressure pad (46, 46b, 48, 48b). Device according to claim 10, characterized in that
in that at least one actuating device (50) for deflecting the spring-biased pressure ram (46, 46b, 48, 48b) from a pressure position into a release position is provided. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that
in that the actuating device (50) is designed as a rotatably mounted eccentric element coupled to the at least one pressure stamp (46, 46b, 48, 48b). Device according to one of claims 10 to 12,
characterized in that at least two pressure punches (46, 46b, 48, 48b) are coupled to one another by the actuating device (50) controllable connecting element (52). Device according to claim 13, characterized in that
in that the pressure stamps (46, 46b, 48, 48b) are each pivotally coupled to the connecting element (52). Device according to one of claims 10 to 14,
characterized in that at least one pressure punch (46b) on the guide surface (30, 30a, 32, 32a) facing the end face at least one, in particular to a thread pitch and / or a thread profile of the fastening means (34) adapted, guide groove (70). Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that at least one pressure punch (46b) is secured against rotation in the pressure device or on the connecting element (52). Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the position of at least one guide surface (30, 30a, 32, 32a) is translationally parallel to the geometric pivot axis (25) adjustable. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that
that the position of the guide surface (30, 30a, 32, 32a) is translationally adjustable stepwise according to a predetermined pitch.

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