EP2082182A1 - Recoil absorbing firearm - Google Patents

Recoil absorbing firearm

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Publication number
EP2082182A1
EP2082182A1 EP07817389A EP07817389A EP2082182A1 EP 2082182 A1 EP2082182 A1 EP 2082182A1 EP 07817389 A EP07817389 A EP 07817389A EP 07817389 A EP07817389 A EP 07817389A EP 2082182 A1 EP2082182 A1 EP 2082182A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carriage
housing
counterweight
closure
return spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07817389A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2082182B1 (en
Inventor
Svatopluk Petruj
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2082182A1 publication Critical patent/EP2082182A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2082182B1 publication Critical patent/EP2082182B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/54—Bolt locks of the unlocked type, i.e. being inertia operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/10—Spring-operated systems
    • F41A25/12—Spring-operated systems using coil springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/02—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated
    • F41A5/10—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated having a movable inertia weight, e.g. for storing energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to firearms, which are formed by a housing in which an assembly of carriage and barrel with muzzle brake and a closure are slidably mounted, which is provided with a, which is supported on a rear support surface of the housing return spring.
  • the counterweight is connected to the barrel so that it is set in countermovement during the return movement of the barrel.
  • a mechanism is proposed in GB 2256263. It is formed by a weight which is displaceably mounted outside the weapon frame parallel to the barrel axis. On the weight piece is a loose roll, while at the front end of the frame a fixed role is attached. A rope, one end of which is attached to the frame and the other end to the barrel, so spans the two rollers that, as the run decreases, the weight is pulled forward. The weight with the loose roller is constantly pulled by a spring attached to the frame in the rear position. The recoil force during firing is absorbed in part by the movement of the counterweight forwards and partly by the spring.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is obviously located outside the frame rope drive with rollers. The rope itself is an inappropriate and dangerous element and due to the rope elasticity, the compensation effect occurs with delay.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to design a firearm with a useful recoil compensation.
  • a firearm which is formed by a housing in which an assembly of carriage and barrel with M ⁇ ndungsbremse and a closure are slidably mounted, wherein the closure is provided with a, based on a rear support surface of the housing return spring.
  • a counterweight is slidably mounted on the support surface, the rear end of the return spring is supported and which rests in its front position on a front stop surface of the carriage, wherein the closure in its rear position a rear abutment surface of the carriage is seated, the return spring is supported with its front end in the front position of the closure on a front support surface of the housing, and wherein in the path of the closure protrudes a transfer element, which at the same time on the carriage and on the counterweight supports and presses in its outer position, the counterweight against a front abutment surface of the carriage.
  • a transfer element inter alia, a wedge with double-sided suit or a cam can be used.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an automatic firearm in longitudinal section before shooting, with a cartridge in the chamber
  • Fig. 2 shows the weapon of FIG. 1 after firing, at the moment where the projectile the
  • Fig. 3 shows a detailed illustration of an alternative transfer element.
  • the firearm according to the invention is formed by a housing 1, are slidably mounted in the following parts: a carriage 2 with a screwed barrel 3, which is provided with a muzzle brake 4, and an unlocked closure 5.
  • a counterweight 6 is slidably mounted in an elongated, through the housing 1 and the closure 5 delimited space. Its task is to partially compensate for the recoil of the weapon by its forward movement, u.z. in the period between the launch and the moment the projectile leaves run 3.
  • the shutter 5 is pressed by a supportive on the housing 1 return spring 7 in the forward position.
  • the run 3 together with the carriage 2 and the muzzle brake 4 forms an assembly 8.
  • a transfer element which is in its lower position the closure 5 in the way and the upwardly movable is.
  • a wedge 9 with double-sided suit as a transfer element. This is supported simultaneously on the carriage 2 and the counterweight 6.
  • a cam 10 serves as a transfer element. This is rotatably mounted in the carriage 2 and also relies on the counterweight 6.
  • the transfer element may also have other shapes, e.g. Ball, cylinder, double lever, or screw, wheel or even hydraulic transmission.
  • the unlocked closure 5 Before the launch, s. 1, the unlocked closure 5 is in its front position relative to the housing 1 and the carriage 2. In this position, the closure 5 closes off the cartridge with the projectile 11 in the chamber.
  • the transfer element ie the wedge 9 or the cam 10 - s. Fig. 3, protrudes in the path of the shutter 5 down, rests on the carriage 2 and sits on the rear beveled surface of the counterweight 6 and on the closure 5.
  • the return spring 7 is based on a support surface 12 of the front closure fifth and at the same time on a front support surface 13 of the housing 1 and at the rear on a support surface 14 of the counterweight 6 and at the same time on a rear support surface 15 of the housing 1.
  • the return spring 7 then resets all moving parts back to their original position and thereby the weapon is loaded.
  • the projectile 11 After firing, the projectile 11 begins to move forward, and at the same time all moving parts of the weapon begin to move at different speeds.
  • the direction of movement of the closure 5, the assembly 8 and the transmission element is opposite to the direction of movement of the projectile 11.
  • the path of the counterweight 6 is dimensioned so that it strikes the front abutment surface 19 of the carriage 2 at the moment where the projectile 11 leaves the barrel 3. This is how it happens mutual compensation of the movement variables of the counterweight 6 and the assembly 8 including transmission element.
  • the shutter 5 continues its movement and its upper wall closes by means of the transmission element, the counterweight 6 in the forward position, so at this moment represent the masses of the assembly 8, the counterweight 6 and the transmission element an integrated mass.
  • the powder gases cause the muzzle brake 4, which gives the integral mass of the assembly 8, the counterweight 6 and the transmission element a movement amount equal to, but opposite, the amount of movement of the shutter 5.
  • the muzzle brake 4 must be designed so that it gives the integrated mass the desired amount of movement. This can only be done experimentally, by gradual adjustment of the muzzle brake 4.
  • the efficiency of the known muzzle brakes is up to 70% and the amount of movement of the shutter 5 is about 15 to 30% of the amount of movement of the projectile 11 (depending on mutual ratios of the motion variables individual moving parts of the weapon and the transfer ratio of the transfer element), the mutual compensation of the mentioned movement variables is possible.
  • mi iv- ⁇ HTi 5 V 5 + (m 8 + m 9 ) v 8 + m 6 v 6 (1)
  • V 8 V 8 relation b

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)

Abstract

A firearm formed by a housing, in which an assembly of a carriage and a barrel with a muzzle brake, and a breech block are slidingly supported, wherein the breech block is equipped with a return spring that is supported on a rear support surface of the housing, has a counter weight slidingly disposed in a longitudinal space located between the housing and the carriage and has a support surface which leans against a rear end of the return spring, the said counter weight being seated in its front position on a front stop surface of the carriage. The breach block is seated in its rear position on a rear stop surface of the carriage, a front end of the return spring also leans against a front support surface of the housing in the front position of the breech block, whereby a transfer element protrudes into the path of the breech block, the transfer element being simultaneously supported on the carriage and on the counter weight, and in an outer position pushes the counter weight against a front stop surface of the carriage.

Description

Rückstoß absorbierende Schusswaffe Recoil absorbing firearm
Technisches GebietTechnical area
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Schusswaffen, die durch ein Gehäuse gebildet sind, in dem eine Baugruppe von Schlitten und Lauf mit Mündungsbremse und ein Verschluss verschiebbar gelagert sind, der mit einer, sich auf eine hintere Stützfläche des Gehäuses stützenden Rückholfeder versehen ist.The invention relates to firearms, which are formed by a housing in which an assembly of carriage and barrel with muzzle brake and a closure are slidably mounted, which is provided with a, which is supported on a rear support surface of the housing return spring.
Bisheriger Stand der TechnikPrevious state of the art
Konstrukteure von Schusswaffen, insbesondere von automatischen Schusswaffen, widmen große Aufmerksamkeit der Rückstoßwirkung, die die Genauigkeit des Schießens wesentlich beeinträchtigt. Als allgemein bekanntes Mittel in dieser Richtung wird die Mündungsbremse benutzt, die die Rücklaufwucht des Laufes mindert, indem die sich im Lauf vor dem Projektil befindliche und stark verdichtete Luft sowie die ausgestoßenen Pulvergase auf eine oder mehrere Prallflächen strömen, die mit dem Lauf fest verbunden sind. Die Mündungsbremse selbst hat zum Nachteil, dass der Bremseffekt erst dann auftritt, nachdem das den Lauf verlassende Projektil dem Lauf seine Bewegungsgröße übergeben hat. Die Rückstoßwirkung wird also gemindert, jedoch nicht eliminiert. Es wurden Schusswaffen entworfen, bei denen diese Problematik durch ein Gegengewicht gelöst wird, das außerhalb des Waffengehäuses verschiebbar angebracht ist. Das Gegengewicht ist so mit dem Lauf verbunden, dass es bei der Rückbewegung des Laufes in Gegenbewegung versetzt wird. Ein solcher Mechanismus wird in der GB 2256263 vorgeschlagen. Es ist durch ein Gewichtstück gebildet, das außerhalb des Waffenrahmens parallel zur Laufachse verschiebbar gelagert ist. An dem Gewichtstück ist eine lose Rolle, während am vorderen Ende des Rahmens eine feste Rolle angebracht ist. Ein Seil, dessen ein Ende am Rahmen und das andere Ende am Lauf befestigt ist, umspannt derart die beide Rollen, dass beim Rückgang des Laufes das Gewichtstück nach vorne gezogen wird. Das Gewichtstück mit der losen Rolle wird durch eine am Rahmen befestigte Feder ständig in die hintere Stellung gezogen. Die Rücklaufwucht beim Schuss wird zum Teil durch die Bewegung des Gegengewichts nach vorne und zum Teil durch die Feder absorbiert. Nachteilig an dieser Lösung ist offensichtlich der außerhalb des Rahmens befindliche Seiltrieb mit Rollen. Das Seil selbst stellt ein unzweckmäßiges und gefährliches Element dar und infolge der Seilelastizität tritt der Kompensationseffekt mit Verspätung ein.Designers of firearms, particularly automatic firearms, pay close attention to the recoil effect, which significantly affects the accuracy of firing. As a well-known means in this direction, the muzzle brake is used, which reduces the return force of the barrel by flowing in the run in front of the projectile and highly compressed air and the ejected powder gases flow on one or more baffles, which are firmly connected to the barrel , The muzzle brake itself has the disadvantage that the braking effect only occurs after the projectile leaving the barrel has transferred its movement size to the barrel. The recoil effect is thus reduced, but not eliminated. It firearms were designed in which this problem is solved by a counterweight, which is slidably mounted outside the weapon housing. The counterweight is connected to the barrel so that it is set in countermovement during the return movement of the barrel. Such a mechanism is proposed in GB 2256263. It is formed by a weight which is displaceably mounted outside the weapon frame parallel to the barrel axis. On the weight piece is a loose roll, while at the front end of the frame a fixed role is attached. A rope, one end of which is attached to the frame and the other end to the barrel, so spans the two rollers that, as the run decreases, the weight is pulled forward. The weight with the loose roller is constantly pulled by a spring attached to the frame in the rear position. The recoil force during firing is absorbed in part by the movement of the counterweight forwards and partly by the spring. A disadvantage of this solution is obviously located outside the frame rope drive with rollers. The rope itself is an inappropriate and dangerous element and due to the rope elasticity, the compensation effect occurs with delay.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Schusswaffe mit einer brauchbaren Rückstoßkompensation zu entwerfen.The invention is therefore based on the object to design a firearm with a useful recoil compensation.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Schusswaffe gelöst, die durch ein Gehäuse gebildet ist, in dem eine Baugruppe von Schlitten und Lauf mit Mϋndungsbremse und ein Verschluss verschiebbar gelagert sind, wobei der Verschluss mit einer, sich auf eine hintere Stützfläche des Gehäuses stützenden Rückholfeder versehen ist. In einem länglichen, zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem Schlitten befindlichen Raum ist ein Gegengewicht verschiebbar gelagert, auf dessen Stützfläche sich das hintere Ende der Rückholfeder stützt und das in seiner vorderen Stellung auf einer vorderen Anschlagfläche des Schlittens aufsitzt, wobei der Verschluss in seiner hinteren Stellung auf einer hinteren Anschlagfläche des Schlittens aufsitzt, die Rückholfeder sich mit ihrem vorderen Ende in der vorderen Stellung des Verschlusses auch auf eine vordere Stützfläche des Gehäuses stützt, und wobei in den Weg des Verschlusses ein Überleitungselement hineinragt, der sich gleichzeitig auf den Schlitten und auf das Gegengewicht stützt und in seiner äußeren Stellung das Gegengewicht gegen eine vordere Anschlagfläche des Schlittens drückt.This object is achieved by a firearm, which is formed by a housing in which an assembly of carriage and barrel with Mϋndungsbremse and a closure are slidably mounted, wherein the closure is provided with a, based on a rear support surface of the housing return spring. In an elongated, located between the housing and the carriage space a counterweight is slidably mounted on the support surface, the rear end of the return spring is supported and which rests in its front position on a front stop surface of the carriage, wherein the closure in its rear position a rear abutment surface of the carriage is seated, the return spring is supported with its front end in the front position of the closure on a front support surface of the housing, and wherein in the path of the closure protrudes a transfer element, which at the same time on the carriage and on the counterweight supports and presses in its outer position, the counterweight against a front abutment surface of the carriage.
Als Überleitungselement kann unter anderem ein Keil mit doppelseitigem Anzug oder ein Nocken eingesetzt werden.As a transfer element, inter alia, a wedge with double-sided suit or a cam can be used.
Kurze Beschreibung der AusbildungenShort description of the training
Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellt. Es zeigen: Fig. 1 schematische Darstellung einer automatischen Schusswaffe im Längsschnitt vor dem Abschuss, mit einer Patrone im Patronenlager, Fig. 2 die Waffe nach Fig. 1 nach dem Abschuss, im Moment, wo das Projektil denThe invention is illustrated in the drawing with reference to embodiments. Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an automatic firearm in longitudinal section before shooting, with a cartridge in the chamber, Fig. 2 shows the weapon of FIG. 1 after firing, at the moment where the projectile the
Lauf verläset, und Fig. 3 eine detaillierte Darstellung eines alternativen Überleitungselements. Ausführungsbeispiele der ErfindungFig. 3 shows a detailed illustration of an alternative transfer element. Embodiments of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Schusswaffe ist durch ein Gehäuse 1 gebildet, in dem folgende Teile verschiebbar gelagert sind: ein Schlitten 2 mit einem eingeschraubten Lauf 3, der mit einer Mündungsbremse 4 versehen ist, und ein unverriegelter Verschluss 5. In einem länglichen, durch das Gehäuse 1 und den Verschluss 5 abgegrenzten Raum, ist ein Gegengewicht 6 verschiebbar gelagert. Seine Aufgabe ist, durch seine Vorwärtsbewegung den Rückstoß der Waffe teilweise zu kompensieren, u.z. in dem Zeitraum zwischen dem Abschuss und dem Moment, wo das Projektil den Lauf 3 verlässt. Der Verschluss 5 wird durch eine sich auf das Gehäuse 1 stützende Rückholfeder 7 in die vordere Stellung gedrückt. Der Lauf 3 zusammen mit dem Schlitten 2 und der Mündungsbremse 4 bildet eine Baugruppe 8. Zur Übertragung der rückwärtigen Bewegung des Verschlusses 5 in die Vorwärtsbewegung des Gegengewichts 6 dient ein Überleitungselement, der in seiner unteren Stellung dem Verschluss 5 im Wege steht und der aufwärts beweglich ist. Bei der Waffenausführung nach Fig. 1 und 2 dient ein Keil 9 mit doppelseitigem Anzug als Überleitungselement. Dieser stützt sich gleichzeitig auf den Schlitten 2 und auf das Gegengewicht 6. Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 3 dient ein Nocken 10 als Überleitungselement. Dieser ist im Schlitten 2 drehbar gelagert und stützt sich gleichfalls auf das Gegengewicht 6. Der Überleitungselement kann auch andere Formen haben, z.B. Kugel, Zylinder, Doppelarmhebel, oder Schrauben-, Rad- oder sogar hydraulisches Getriebe.The firearm according to the invention is formed by a housing 1, are slidably mounted in the following parts: a carriage 2 with a screwed barrel 3, which is provided with a muzzle brake 4, and an unlocked closure 5. In an elongated, through the housing 1 and the closure 5 delimited space, a counterweight 6 is slidably mounted. Its task is to partially compensate for the recoil of the weapon by its forward movement, u.z. in the period between the launch and the moment the projectile leaves run 3. The shutter 5 is pressed by a supportive on the housing 1 return spring 7 in the forward position. The run 3 together with the carriage 2 and the muzzle brake 4 forms an assembly 8. To transmit the rearward movement of the closure 5 in the forward movement of the counterweight 6 is a transfer element which is in its lower position the closure 5 in the way and the upwardly movable is. In the weapon design of Fig. 1 and 2 is a wedge 9 with double-sided suit as a transfer element. This is supported simultaneously on the carriage 2 and the counterweight 6. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, a cam 10 serves as a transfer element. This is rotatably mounted in the carriage 2 and also relies on the counterweight 6. The transfer element may also have other shapes, e.g. Ball, cylinder, double lever, or screw, wheel or even hydraulic transmission.
Vor dem Abschuss, s. Fig 1 , befindet sich der unverriegelte Verschluss 5 in seiner vorderen Stellung gegenüber dem Gehäuse 1 und dem Schlitten 2. In dieser Stellung schließt der Verschluss 5 die Patrone mit dem Projektil 11 im Patronenlager ab. Der Überleitungselement, d.h. der Keil 9 bzw. die Nocke 10 - s. Fig. 3, ragt in den Weg des Verschlusses 5 nach unten, stützt sich auf den Schlitten 2 und sitzt auf der hinteren abgeschrägten Fläche des Gegengewichts 6 und auf der des Verschlusses 5. Die Rückholfeder 7 stützt sich vorne auf eine Stützfläche 12 des Verschlusses 5 und gleichzeitig auf eine vordere Stützfläche 13 des Gehäuses 1 und hinten auf eine Stützfläche 14 des Gegengewichts 6 und gleichzeitig auf eine hintere Stützfläche 15 des Gehäuses 1. Dadurch kontrolliert sie die Lage aller beweglichen Teile der Waffe untereinander und in Bezug auf das Gehäuse 1, d.h. die Lage des Verschlusses 5 und dadurch die Lage der Baugruppe 8 vorne, die Lage des Gegengewichts 6 hinten und dadurch auch die Lage des Überleitungselements in seiner unteren Stellung.Before the launch, s. 1, the unlocked closure 5 is in its front position relative to the housing 1 and the carriage 2. In this position, the closure 5 closes off the cartridge with the projectile 11 in the chamber. The transfer element, ie the wedge 9 or the cam 10 - s. Fig. 3, protrudes in the path of the shutter 5 down, rests on the carriage 2 and sits on the rear beveled surface of the counterweight 6 and on the closure 5. The return spring 7 is based on a support surface 12 of the front closure fifth and at the same time on a front support surface 13 of the housing 1 and at the rear on a support surface 14 of the counterweight 6 and at the same time on a rear support surface 15 of the housing 1. Thus, it controls the position of all movable Parts of the weapon with each other and with respect to the housing 1, ie the position of the closure 5 and thereby the position of the assembly 8 front, the position of the counterweight 6 behind and thereby also the position of the transfer element in its lower position.
Beim Abschuss wird der Verschluss 5 nach rückwärts beschleunigt, er drückt den Überleitungselement aufwärts und dieser drückt das Gegengewicht 6 vorwärts, bis es mit seiner Stirnfläche 18 gegen eine vordere Anschlagfläche 19 des Schlittens 2 stößt und dem Schlitten 2 seine Bewegungsgröße übergibt. Wenn z.B. die Anzugswinkel des Keils 9 gleich sind - s. Fig. 1 und 2 - gleicht der Weg t, auf dem der Verschluss 5 den Keil 6 in Bewegung setzt, dem Gesamtweg des Gegengewichts 6.When shooting the shutter 5 is accelerated backwards, he pushes the transfer element upwards and this presses the counterweight 6 forward until it abuts with its end face 18 against a front abutment surface 19 of the carriage 2 and the carriage 2 passes its motion size. If e.g. the tightening angles of the wedge 9 are the same - s. Figs. 1 and 2 - the path t, on which the shutter 5 sets the wedge 6 in motion, is similar to the total path of the counterweight 6.
In der hinteren Stellung sitzt nach dem Abschuss eine Rückseite 16 des Verschlusses 5 auf einer hinteren Anschlagfläche 17 des Schlittens 2, das Patronenlager ist offen, der Überleitungselement ist aus dem Weg des Verschlusses 5 weggedrängt und drückt das Gegengewicht 6 gegen eine vordere Anschlagfläche 19 des Schlittens 2. Der Verschluss 5, nachdem er an dem Überleitungselement vorbeigefahren ist, schließt diesen Element gemeinsam mit dem Gegengewicht 6 ab. Die Baugruppe 8 tritt gemeinsam mit dem Gegengewicht 6 und dem Überleitungselement in diesem Moment als kompaktes Körper auf. Die Rückholfeder 7 ist zwischen der Stützfläche 12 des Verschlusses 5 und der Stützfläche 14 des Gegengewichts 6 zusammengedrückt.In the rear position sits after firing a back 16 of the closure 5 on a rear abutment surface 17 of the carriage 2, the chamber is open, the transfer element is pushed away from the path of the shutter 5 and presses the counterweight 6 against a front abutment surface 19 of the carriage 2. The closure 5, after having passed the transfer element, closes this element together with the counterweight 6. The assembly 8 occurs together with the counterweight 6 and the transfer element at this moment as a compact body. The return spring 7 is compressed between the support surface 12 of the closure 5 and the support surface 14 of the counterweight 6.
Die Rückholfeder 7 setzt dann alle beweglichen Teile wieder in ihre Ausgangsstellung zurück und dabei wird die Waffe geladen.The return spring 7 then resets all moving parts back to their original position and thereby the weapon is loaded.
Nach dem Abschuss beginnt das Projektil 11 sich nach vorne zu bewegen und gleichzeitig beginnen sich auch alle beweglichen Teile der Waffe mit verschiedenen Geschwindigkeiten zu bewegen. Die Bewegungsrichtung des Verschlusses 5, der Baugruppe 8 und des Übertragungselements ist dabei der Bewegungsrichtung des Projektils 11 entgegengesetzt. Die Richtung des Gegengewichts 6, dessen Bewegung von dem Verschluss 5 mittels des Übertragungselements abgeleitet ist, stimmt mit der Richtng des Projektils 11 überein. Der Weg des Gegengewichts 6 ist so bemessen, dass es auf die vordere Anschlagfläche 19 des Schlittens 2 in dem Moment aufschlägt, wo das Projektil 11 den Lauf 3 verlässt. Dadurch kommt es zur gegenseitigen Kompensation der Bewegungsgrößen des Gegengewichts 6 und der Baugruppe 8 samt Übertragungselement. Der Verschluss 5 setzt seine Bewegung fort und seine obere Wand verschließt mittels des Übertragungselements das Gegengewicht 6 in der vorderen Stellung, sodass in diesem Moment die Massen der Baugruppe 8, des Gegengewichts 6 und des Übertragungselements eine integrierte Masse darstellen. In dem Moment, wo das Projektil 11 den Lauf 3 verlässt, bewirken die Pulvergase die Mündungsbremse 4, die der integralen Masse der Baugruppe 8, des Gegengewichts 6 und des Übertragungselements eine Bewegungsgröße gibt, die der Bewegungsgröße des Verschlusses 5 gleich ist, jedoch entgegensetzt. Die Mündungsbremse 4 muss so ausgelegt werden, dass sie der integrierten Masse die gewünschte Bewegungsgröße gibt. Das kann nur experimentell durchgeführt werden, u.z. durch stufenweise Anpassung der Mündungsbremse 4. Da der Wirkungsgrad der bekannten Mündungsbremsen bis zu 70 % ist und die Bewegungsgröße des Verschlusses 5 ca 15 bis 30 % der Bewegungsgröße des Projektils 11 beträgt (abhängig von gegenseitigen Verhältnissen der Bewegungsgrößen einzelner beweglichen Teile der Waffe und vom Überleitungsverhältnis des Überleitungselements), ist die gegenseitige Kompensation der erwähnten Bewegungsgrößen möglich.After firing, the projectile 11 begins to move forward, and at the same time all moving parts of the weapon begin to move at different speeds. The direction of movement of the closure 5, the assembly 8 and the transmission element is opposite to the direction of movement of the projectile 11. The direction of the counterweight 6, the movement of which is derived from the shutter 5 by means of the transmission element, coincides with the direction of the projectile 11. The path of the counterweight 6 is dimensioned so that it strikes the front abutment surface 19 of the carriage 2 at the moment where the projectile 11 leaves the barrel 3. This is how it happens mutual compensation of the movement variables of the counterweight 6 and the assembly 8 including transmission element. The shutter 5 continues its movement and its upper wall closes by means of the transmission element, the counterweight 6 in the forward position, so at this moment represent the masses of the assembly 8, the counterweight 6 and the transmission element an integrated mass. At the moment when the projectile 11 leaves the barrel 3, the powder gases cause the muzzle brake 4, which gives the integral mass of the assembly 8, the counterweight 6 and the transmission element a movement amount equal to, but opposite, the amount of movement of the shutter 5. The muzzle brake 4 must be designed so that it gives the integrated mass the desired amount of movement. This can only be done experimentally, by gradual adjustment of the muzzle brake 4. Since the efficiency of the known muzzle brakes is up to 70% and the amount of movement of the shutter 5 is about 15 to 30% of the amount of movement of the projectile 11 (depending on mutual ratios of the motion variables individual moving parts of the weapon and the transfer ratio of the transfer element), the mutual compensation of the mentioned movement variables is possible.
Bevor der Verschluss 5 mit seiner Rückseite 16 gegen die hintere Anschlagfläche 17 des Schlittens 2 stößt, haben also die Masse des Verschlusses 5 einerseits und die integrale Masse der Baugruppe 8, des Gegengewichts 6 und des Übertragungselements andererseits die gleichen Bewegungsgrößen, nur entgegengesetzt orientiert. Im Moment des Stoßes bleiben alle beweglichen Massen stehen, also die des Verschlusses 5, der Baugruppe 8, des Übertragungselements und des Gegengewichts 6, und der ganze Zyklus beginnt umgekehrt zu verlaufen, wobei eine neue Patrone in das Patronenlager eingezogen wird.Before the closure 5 abuts with its back 16 against the rear abutment surface 17 of the carriage 2, so the mass of the closure 5 on the one hand and the integral mass of the assembly 8, the counterweight 6 and the transmission element on the other hand, the same motion variables, only oppositely oriented. At the moment of impact, all the moving masses remain, that is, the shutter 5, the assembly 8, the transmission element and the counterweight 6, and the whole cycle begins to run in reverse, with a new cartridge being drawn into the chamber.
Im weiterem werden die physikalischen Vorgänge beschrieben. Es bedeuten: mn - Masse des Projektils 11, V11 - Geschwindigkeit des Projektils 11 beimIn the following, the physical processes are described. It means: mn - mass of the projectile 11, V 11 - velocity of the projectile 11 at
Verlassen des Laufes ITi5 - Masse des Verschlusses 5, V5 - Geschwindigkeit des Verschlusses 5 ms - Masse der Baugruppe 8, V8 - Geschwindigkeit der Baugruppe 8 mg - Masse des ÜbertragungselementsLeaving the barrel ITi 5 - mass of the shutter 5, V 5 - speed of the shutter 5 ms - Mass of the module 8, V 8 - Speed of the module 8 mg - Mass of the transmission element
ITi6 - Masse des Gegengewichts 6, V6 - Geschwindigkeit des Gegengewichts 6 v - relative Geschwindigkeit des Verschlusses 5 und des Gegengewichts 6 gegenüber der Baugruppe 8, im Falle, dass p = q p a q - Koeffiziente, die den Übertragungsfaktor des Übertragungselements bezeichnen, wobei gilt immer: p + q = 2ITi 6 - mass of the counterweight 6, V 6 - counterweight 6 v - relative velocity of the shutter 5 and the counterweight 6 with respect to the assembly 8, in the case where p = qpaq - coefficients denoting the transmission factor of the transmission element, where always: p + q = 2
Für die Beziehung der Bewegungsgrößen untereinander gilt: m-i iv-π= HTi5V5 + (m8 + m9 )v8 + m6v6 (1)For the relationship of the motion quantities between one another: mi iv-π = HTi 5 V 5 + (m 8 + m 9 ) v 8 + m 6 v 6 (1)
Für die Geschwindigkeiten der einzelnen beweglichen Teile der Waffe gilt: v5 = pv + V8 Relation aFor the velocities of the individual moving parts of the weapon: v 5 = pv + V 8 relation a
V8 = V8 Relation bV 8 = V 8 relation b
V6 = qv - v8 Relation c Es gilt gleichzeitig:V 6 = qv - v 8 Relation c The same applies at the same time:
(m8 +ITIg)V8 = ITl6V6 (2) davon V6 = ( m8 + m9 )v8 : m6 (2.1)(m 8 + ITIg) V 8 = ITl 6 V 6 (2) of which V 6 = (m 8 + m 9 ) v 8 : m 6 (2.1)
durch Vergleichen der Relation c mit der Gleichung (2.1):by comparing the relation c with the equation (2.1):
V6 = V6 qv - V8 = ( m8 + m9 )v8 : m6 v = (m8 + m9 + ITi6)V8 : qm6 V 6 = V 6 qv - V 8 = (m 8 + m 9 ) v 8 : m 6 v = (m 8 + m 9 + ITi 6 ) V 8 : qm 6
und davon durch Einsetzen in die Gleichung (1): m-iiVn = m5 (pv + V8) + ( m8 + m9 )v8 + m6 (qv - V8)and by substituting it into equation (1): m-iiVn = m 5 (pv + V 8 ) + (m 8 + m 9 ) v 8 + m 6 (qv -V 8 )
Da es gilt: ( m8 + m9 )v8 = m6v6, eliminieren sich diese zwei Bewegungsgrößen gegenseitig und es bleibt nur die Bewegungsgröße m5v5, die bei geignet gewählten Massen m5) m8, mg, m6 und Übertragungskoeffizienten p, q, weniger als 20 % der Bewegungsgröße ΓΠ-HVH betragen kann. Die Bewegungsgröße In5Vs1 die Reibungskräfte und die Widerstände beim Ausziehen und Auswerfen der Hülse, beim Einziehen der Patrone in das Patronenlager und der Widerstand der Schlagstückfeder werden durch eine einfache Mündungsbremse 4 eliminiert, die an der Mündung des Laufes 3 montiert ist und einen entsprechenden Wirkungsgrad besitzt. So bleiben bei einzelnen Abchschüssen sowie bei Dauerfeuer das Gehäuse 1 und eigentlich die ganze Waffe in Ruhe, was Resultat einer kompletten Eliminierung des Rückstoßes ist. Since (m 8 + m 9 ) v 8 = m 6 v 6 , these two quantities of motion eliminate each other and only the quantity of motion m 5 v 5 remains, which with suitably chosen masses m 5) m 8 , mg, m 6 and transfer coefficients p, q may be less than 20% of the amount of movement ΓΠ-HVH. The amount of movement In 5 Vs 1, the frictional forces and the resistances when pulling out and ejecting the sleeve, when drawing the cartridge into the cartridge chamber and the resistance of the percussion spring are eliminated by a simple muzzle brake 4, which is mounted at the mouth of the barrel 3 and a corresponding Has efficiency. Thus, with individual shots as well as with continuous fire, the case 1 and actually the entire weapon remain at rest, which is the result of a complete elimination of the recoil.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Schusswaffe, die durch ein Gehäuse gebildet ist, in dem eine Baugruppe von Schlitten und Lauf mit Mündungsbremse und ein Verschluss verschiebbar gelagert sind, wobei der Verschluss mit einer, sich auf eine hintere Stützfläche des Gehäuses stützende Rückholfeder versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem länglichen, zwischen dem Gehäuse (1) und dem Schlitten (2) befindlichen Raum ein Gegengewicht (6) verschiebbar gelagert ist, auf dessen Stützfläche sich das hintere Ende der Rückholfeder (7) stützt und das in seiner vorderen Stellung auf einer vorderen Anschlagfläche (19) des Schlittens (2) aufsitzt, wobei der Verschluss (5) in seiner hinteren Stellung auf einer hinteren Anschlagfläche (17) des Schlittens (2) aufsitzt, die Rückholfeder (7) sich mit ihrem vorderen Ende in der vorderen Stellung des Verschlusses (5) auch auf eine vordere Stützfläche (13) des Gehäuses (1) stützt, und wobei in den Weg des Verschlusses (5) ein Überleitungselement hineinragt, der sich gleichzeitig auf den Schlitten (2) und auf das Gegengewicht (6) stützt und in seiner äußeren Stellung das Gegengewicht (6) gegen eine vordere Anschlagfläche (19) des Schlittens (2) drückt.A firearm, which is formed by a housing in which an assembly of slide and barrel with muzzle brake and a closure are slidably mounted, wherein the closure is provided with a, on a rear support surface of the housing supporting return spring, characterized in that in a longitudinal, between the housing (1) and the carriage (2) located space a counterweight (6) is slidably mounted on the support surface, the rear end of the return spring (7) is supported and in its front position on a front stop surface (19) of the carriage (2), wherein the closure (5) in its rear position on a rear stop surface (17) of the carriage (2) is seated, the return spring (7) with its front end in the front position of the closure (5) also on a front support surface (13) of the housing (1) is supported, and wherein in the path of the closure (5) protrudes a transfer element, d it simultaneously supports itself on the carriage (2) and on the counterweight (6) and in its outer position presses the counterweight (6) against a front abutment surface (19) of the carriage (2).
2. Schusswaffe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Überleitungselement ein Keil (9) mit doppelseitigem Anzug eingesetzt ist.2. Firearm according to claim 1, characterized in that as a transfer element a wedge (9) is used with double-sided suit.
3. Schusswaffe nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Überleitungselement ein Nocken (10) eingesetzt ist. 3. Firearm according to claim 1, characterized in that a cam (10) is used as the transfer element.
EP07817389A 2006-10-25 2007-10-24 Recoil absorbing firearm Active EP2082182B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ20060677A CZ300114B6 (en) 2006-10-25 2006-10-25 Firearm with elimination of recoil
PCT/CZ2007/000093 WO2008049378A1 (en) 2006-10-25 2007-10-24 Recoil absorbing firearm

Publications (2)

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EP2082182A1 true EP2082182A1 (en) 2009-07-29
EP2082182B1 EP2082182B1 (en) 2011-07-20

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US (1) US8074391B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2082182B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE517305T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ300114B6 (en)
RU (1) RU2410623C1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2008049378A1 (en)

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RU2520638C1 (en) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-27 Ильдар Канифович Галиев Automatic gun
AT513605B1 (en) * 2013-06-21 2014-06-15 Christian Kada Conversion kit for a firearm and method for converting a firearm
US9810496B2 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-11-07 Savage Arms, Inc. Semiautomatic firearm
JP5739569B1 (en) * 2014-06-27 2015-06-24 晃久 古庄 Gun recoil reduction device when firing firearm bullets
US9909835B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2018-03-06 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Recoil abatement stock with reduced rattle
JP2017129306A (en) 2016-01-20 2017-07-27 晃久 古庄 Low reaction gun firearm
US10006739B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2018-06-26 Outdoor Sport Innovations, Llc Firearm recoil absorber
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US20100088942A1 (en) 2010-04-15
CZ300114B6 (en) 2009-02-11
UA95118C2 (en) 2011-07-11
EP2082182B1 (en) 2011-07-20
WO2008049378A1 (en) 2008-05-02
ATE517305T1 (en) 2011-08-15
RU2009118185A (en) 2010-11-27
US8074391B2 (en) 2011-12-13
RU2410623C1 (en) 2011-01-27
WO2008049378B1 (en) 2008-07-24
CZ2006677A3 (en) 2008-05-07

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