EP2073077A1 - Shockproof device for a timepiece control element - Google Patents

Abstract

The timepiece has a case (11) in which components such as clock movement (3), time setting system, chronograph mechanism (7) and display system (9), are mounted. The movement is adjusted using the system by manipulation of a crown projecting from the case. The mechanism is controlled by two push buttons (19, 21). The buttons respectively have anti-impact devices (33, 35) that are mounted in the case. The anti-impact devices decouple the buttons and the crown from the components of the case when a force greater than a preset threshold is exerted on the buttons and the crown.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to an anti-shock device for a control member of a function of a timepiece and in particular such a device for preventing a shock on said member actuates its associated function.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the case in particular of chronograph mechanism, it is known that too great a force exerted on a control member such as a pusher can too violently urge the functions associated with it. Thus, for example, on a crown or a pusher associated with the activation of a chronograph, it can happen that the violence of the force transmitted to the mechanism of the chronograph damages it which can force to change parts.

To avoid such problems, it is known to protect the pushers or crowns using shoulders to border or even using a frame, fixed or removable, which surrounds them totally or partially. This prevents a shock accidentally moving the pushers or crowns to preserve the mechanism. However, the case of the timepiece becomes complex and much more cumbersome. Incidentally, it can also become unattractive which is contrary to what is sought for mid or high-end timepieces.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages mentioned above by providing an anti-shock device belonging to the movement of the timepiece and which selectively protects each control member.

For this purpose, the invention relates to a timepiece comprising a housing in which are mounted systems for operating said workpiece and controlled by control members protruding from said housing characterized in that at least one of control members cooperates with an anti-shock device mounted in the housing and intended to decouple said at least one control member of each of the systems to which it is attached when a force greater than a predetermined threshold is exerted on said at least one control member .

• chaque dispositif antichoc comporte une liaison mécanique qui se découple de manière réversible lorsqu'une force correspondant audit seuil prédéterminée lui est soumise ;
• ledit au moins un organe de commande est monté à translation ou à rotation sur le boîtier ;
• le dispositif antichoc comporte une pièce principale montée dans le boîtier de la même manière que la partie dudit chacun des systèmes auxquels il est rattaché ;
• la pièce principale coopère avec ledit chacun des systèmes auxquels il est rattaché au moyen de ladite liaison mécanique qui est du type à glissement ;
• la liaison du type à glissement comporte un sautoir monté élastiquement par rapport à une cheville ;
• la pièce d'horlogerie comporte deux organes de commande du type poussoir qui contrôlent un système du type mécanisme de chronographe, chacun des poussoirs comportant un dispositif antichoc permettant de protéger le mécanisme de chronographe ;
• la pièce d'horlogerie comporte en outre un dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts reliant les deux poussoirs afin de garder une différence de résistance à l'enfoncement desdits poussoirs sensiblement équivalente au cours du temps ;
• le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts comporte une bascule destinée à écarter un sautoir afin de permettre la fourniture d'une force de résistance à l'enfoncement sensiblement équivalente pour les deux poussoirs ;
• la force de résistance du dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts est inférieure audit seuil prédéterminé d'effort nécessaire pour débrayer chaque dispositif antichoc ;
• la force de découplage de la liaison mécanique est sensiblement égale à 25 N afin d'éviter toute détérioration dudit chacun des systèmes.

According to other advantageous features of the invention:

• each shockproof device comprises a mechanical connection which is reversibly cut off when a force corresponding to said predetermined threshold is subjected to it;
• said at least one control member is mounted in translation or rotation on the housing;
• the shockproof device comprises a main part mounted in the housing in the same manner as the part of each of the systems to which it is attached;
• the main part cooperates with said each of the systems to which it is attached by means of said mechanical connection which is of the sliding type;
• the sliding type connection comprises a jumper mounted elastically relative to an ankle;
• the timepiece comprises two push-type control members which control a system of the chronograph mechanism type, each of the pushers comprising an anti-shock device for protecting the chronograph mechanism;
• the timepiece further comprises a force equalization device connecting the two pushers to maintain a difference in resistance to the depression of said pushers substantially equivalent over time;
• the force equalization device comprises a rocker for moving a jumper to allow the provision of a force of resistance to the substantially equivalent depression for the two pushers;
• the resistance force of the force equalization device is less than said predetermined threshold force required to disengage each shockproof device;
• the decoupling force of the mechanical connection is substantially equal to 25 N to prevent any deterioration of each of the systems.

SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

• la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une représentation schématique centrée sur le mécanisme de chronographe selon l'invention ;
• la figure 3 est une vue d'ensemble d'un mécanisme de chronographe dans sa position inactive ;
• la figure 4 est une vue d'ensemble du mécanisme de chronographe dans sa position extrême d'actionnement par le poussoir arrêt/départ ;
• la figure 5 est une vue d'ensemble du mécanisme de chronographe dans sa position débrayée lorsque l'actionnement par le poussoir arrêt/départ est excessif ;
• la figure 6 est une vue d'ensemble d'un mécanisme de chronographe dans sa position active ;
• la figure 7 est une vue d'ensemble du mécanisme de chronographe dans sa position extrême d'actionnement par le poussoir de remise à zéro ;
• la figure 8 est une vue d'ensemble du mécanisme de chronographe dans sa position débrayée lorsque l'actionnement par le poussoir de remise à zéro est excessif.

Other particularities and advantages will emerge clearly from the description which is given hereinafter, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

• the figure 1 is a schematic representation of a timepiece according to the invention;
• the figure 2 is a schematic representation centered on the chronograph mechanism according to the invention;
• the figure 3 is an overview of a chronograph mechanism in its inactive position;
• the figure 4 is an overview of the chronograph mechanism in its extreme position of actuation by the push stop / departure;
• the figure 5 is an overview of the chronograph mechanism in its disengaged position when actuation by the stop / start pusher is excessive;
• the figure 6 is an overview of a chronograph mechanism in its active position;
• the figure 7 is an overview of the chronograph mechanism in its extreme position of actuation by the reset pushbutton;
• the figure 8 is an overview of the chronograph mechanism in its disengaged position when actuation by the reset pushbutton is excessive.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As illustrated in figure 1 the invention relates to a timepiece 1 whose housing 11 comprises a watch movement 3, a time setting system 5, a chronograph mechanism 7 and a display system 9.

The watch movement 3, preferably of the mechanical type, is intended to move an indicating device 13 of the display system 9 which may, for example, comprise a dial equipped with a lathe hours and needles which, moving above the dial, are connected to the watch movement 3. The latter can be adjusted through the time setting system 5 by manipulation, for example, a ring 15 projecting from the housing 11. The watch movement 3 not doing the object of protection according to the invention, it will not be of advantage explained below.

The chronograph mechanism 7, of the two-stroke type, is intended to move a second indicator device 17 comprising at least one counter belonging to the display system 9. The chronograph mechanism 7 is controlled by two control members 19, 21 and has, as visible in figure 2 , a control system 23, a reset device 25, a gear device 27, a clutch device 29, an immobilizer 31, two shockproof devices 33, 35 and a force equalization device 37.

Preferably, according to the invention, the control members 19 and 21 are push-buttons projecting from the housing 11. Only one of the push-buttons 19 thus cooperates with the control system 23 in order to alternately actuate the stopping and the departure of the indicator device 17 The first pusher 19 also makes it possible, when it triggers the start of the chronograph mechanism 7, to deactivate the reset device 25. The second pusher 21 controls only the activation of the resetting device 25.

The control system 23 controls the clutch 29 and immobilizer 31 as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 by short broken lines. Upon actuation of the start command (i.e., the first pusher 19), the control system 23 controls the clutch device 29 so that, selectively, the gear device 27 is secured to a gear. wheel of the watch movement 3 to divert some of the driving force. The control system 23 also controls the immobilizer 31 in order selectively to make the gear device 27 static so as to hold the indicator device 17 stationary and thus facilitate its reading when the stop command is actuated (c that is, the pusher 19).

The control system 23 also indirectly controls the resetting device 25 as illustrated in FIG. figure 2 by short broken lines. Indeed, it prevents the actuation of the resetting device 25 when the chronograph mechanism 7 is in operation so that its actuation is feasible only when the chronograph mechanism 7 is stopped as explained below.

The clutch devices 29 and immobilization 31 not being protected according to the invention, they will not be explained further below. It is however specified that they can be of several types such as, for example, the friction type or blocking.

The resetting device 25 is intended to act on the gear device 27 to reset the indicating device 17. Thus, when the reset control (i.e. the pusher 21) is actuated, the reset device 25 is activated via the control system 23 as explained above. In addition, the reset device 25 is deactivated at the same time that the operation of the start command (i.e., the first pusher 19) is performed.

Preferably according to the invention, each pusher 19, 21 respectively comprises an anti-shock device 35, 33 intended to protect the chronograph mechanism 7 against violent shocks exerted on the pushers 19, 21. Such impacts may, for example, be generated by the abutment of one of the pushers 19, 21 against the ground following the fall of the timepiece 1. For example, the acceleration of such a shock, caused by the fall of a height of one meter, can indeed reach 5000 g. The shock devices 35, 33 are explained in more detail below.

Preferably, the chronograph mechanism 7 also comprises a force equalization device 37 for rendering reproducible over time the force to be exerted on each pusher 19, 21 in order to activate the appropriate functions. Without necessarily being identical, said forces must thus vary substantially over time according to the same factor which may be less than or greater than 1. The force equalization device 37 is explained in more detail below.

The control system 23, the shock resetting 25, shockproof 33, 35 and stress equalizing devices 37 will now be explained with reference to FIGS. Figures 3 to 8 .

The control system 23 comprises a control 41, a control hook 43 and a column wheel 45. The essentially flat control 41 is rotatably mounted against a pivot 101 forming an axis A1. At one end of the control 41, near the pivot 101, is arranged a light 47 in which slides a pin 49 attached to the hook 43. As visible in the figure 3 at the other end of the control 41 is mounted substantially perpendicularly a pin 51 fixed. Preferably, a roller 53 is mounted loosely on the outer diameter of a portion of the pin 51.

The substantially plane control hook 43 is also rotatably mounted against the pivot 101 at one of its ends. By its tenon 49, mounted substantially perpendicularly, the control hook 43 is driven by the trigonometric or retrograde rotation of the control 41. At the other end of the control hook 43, is arranged the useful part forming a hook 44 via a bend 42 adapted to orient substantially tangentially the useful hook portion 44 relative to the teeth of the column wheel 45.

As visible at figure 3 , the column wheel 45 is rotatably mounted against a pivot 103 forming the axis A2. The column wheel 45 comprises a ratchet wheel 46 above which is mounted a crenellated wheel 48 whose crenellations are used as columns. As seen in the same figure, the hook 44 faces a tooth of the ratchet wheel 46.

The resetting device 25 comprises a hammer 61, a reset lever 63, a hammer rocker 65 and a hammer hammer 67. Usually, the hammer 61 is intended to strike the peripheral wall of cores 55, 57, 59 integral with the gear device 27 in order to mechanically force the hearts to return to the reset position of the indicator device 17.

As visible at figure 3 preferably, the gear device 27 comprises three cores 55, 57 and 59, which means that the indicator device 17 comprises three counters such as, for example, the seconds, the minutes and the hours. Preferably, the hammer 61, according to the invention, comprises two arms 60 and 62 articulated with respect to each other in order to obtain a better distribution of the striking forces.

The first substantially L-shaped arm 60 comprises at the end of the vertical portion a stop 58 intended to strike a first core 59. In the vicinity of this stop 58 is mounted a pin 64 which passes through the thickness of the first arm 60. Thus, the lower part slidably engages in a slot 71 of the hammer rocker 65 and the top part slidably engages in another slot 100 provided in a piece above the chronograph mechanism 7.

Preferably, in order to reduce friction, the bottom part and the top part each comprise an idle roller mounted on their outer surface as for the pin 51. In addition, the light 100, as visible at Figures 3 to 8 , has an enlargement at its lower vertical end to give more freedom to the roller of the upper part of the post 64 when the latter sits there. This makes it particularly advantageous to allow the hammer 61 to be able to print a slight rotation capable of compensating for the slight time offsets of hammer strikes 61.

The end of the horizontal portion of the first arm 60 has a second pin 66 of the same type as the first 64, that is to say through completely through the first arm 60. The bottom portion is rotatably mounted by relative to the second arm 62 and the top portion is slidably mounted in a slot 102 provided in a room above the chronograph mechanism 7. In the same preferred manner as for the post 64, the post 66 comprises coaxially with the part of the top a roller mounted crazy.

The second substantially wave-shaped arm 62 has two stops 54 and 56 respectively intended to strike each of the last two cores 55 and 57. In order to limit the amplitude of the relative movements between the first 60 and second arms 62, it is intended to on the second arm 62, a finger 68 for sliding in the groove 69 of the first arm 60. This configuration of the hammer 61 also allows a tolerance of movements during the reset phases which makes the hammer 61 adapted to compensate for slight time differences between the strikes of each stop 54, 56, 58 against their associated core 55, 57, 59.

The hammer rocker 65 is intended to move the hammer 61 between its active position (that is to say when the stops 54, 56 and 58 are against the hearts 55, 57 and 59 as in FIGS. figures 3 , 5 and 7 ) and its inactive position (i.e. when the stops 54, 56 and 58 are away from the cores 55, 57 and 59 as figures 4 , 6 and 8 ). The hammer rocker 65 is rotatably mounted against a pivot 105 forming an axis A3. It comprises an ankle 72 at one end and an arm 73 at the other end. The pin 72 is fixedly mounted on the flank of the rocker 65 and is oriented substantially parallel to the pin 51 of the control 41. The pin 72 is intended to come into contact with the hammer jumper 67. Preferably, the pin 72 also comprises a coaxial roller intended to reduce friction.

The arm 73 is substantially perpendicularly oriented relative to the end comprising the pin 72 by means of a bend 74. The end of the arm 73 comprises the slot 71 intended to cooperate preferentially with the roller of the lower part of the post 64. L the orientation of the arm 73 associated with the clearance allowed by the light 71 allows, in particular, during a rotation of the lever 65 along the axis A3, to optimize the thrust of the hammer 61 by orienting it substantially parallel to the lights 100 and 102.

The reset lever 63 is intended to move the hammer 61 from its inactive position (that is to say when the stops 54, 56 and 58 are away from the cores 55, 57 and 59 as figures 4 , 6 and 8 ) to its active position (that is to say when the stops 54, 56 and 58 are against the hearts 55, 57 and 59 as figures 3 , 5 and 7 ). The reset lever 63 is rotatably mounted on the pivot 107 forming an axis A4. It is substantially W-shaped and comprises, at one of its ends, an arm 81 intended to come into contact preferentially with a second roller of the post 66 in order to move hammer 61.

Preferably, the resetting lever 63 comprises substantially at its central end a finger 83 intended to limit its rotation according to the operating mode of the chronograph mechanism 7, that is to say according to whether it is in stop or start position. The finger 83 is thus intended to cooperate with the castellated wheel 48 in order to mechanically limit the rotation of the reset lever 63 when the finger 83 faces one of the columns of the castellated wheel 48 (as illustrated in FIGS. figures 4 and 6 ) and allow said rotations when between two columns (as shown in figures 3 , 5 , 7 and 8 ).

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the hammer jumper 67 is of the bistable type, that is to say that it is capable of making the hammer 61 stable when it is in its active position and when it is in its inactive position. It is generally U-shaped, one of the vertical parts 82 is very rigid and is intended to come into contact with the peg of the peg 72 of the flip-flop 65. The vertical part 82 is thus elastically able to move away from approaching the other vertical part following the stresses of the pin 72 by rotation around the pivot 109 forming an axis A5. Preferably, the second vertical portion 85 is thinner than the first in order to provide the latter with the necessary elasticity.

As a result, the hammer jumper 67 is used to generate an opposing force during the upward movement M of the vertical portion 82, i.e. the force required by the ankle 72 to move the hammer rocker 65 when from the beginning of displacement. Advantageously, the hammer jumper 67 is also used to generate a driving force during the elastic expansion, that is to say that the jumper 67 provides sufficient force to recover its equilibrium position which is able to finish the movement of the peg 72 as explained below.

In the example shown in figures 3 , 5 and 7 , we see the stable position when the hammer 61 is active, that is to say when the hammer rocker 65 is held by its peg 72 in position against the face upper 86 of the vertical portion 82 of the hammer jumper 67. The hammer hammer 67 thus allows to exert a force by its upper face 86 adapted to counter the L & K movement of the hammer 61 to its inactive position.

In the example shown in figures 4 , 6 and 8 the stable position is seen when the hammer 61 is inactive, that is to say when the hammer rocker 65 is held by its peg 72 in position against a notch arranged on a lateral face 88 of the vertical part 82 of the jumper The hammer jumper 67 thus allows a force to be exerted by its lateral face 88 (oriented substantially perpendicular to that exerted by the upper face 86 in the active position) capable of counteracting the movement of the hammer 61 towards its position. active. Of course, the slopes of each useful face 86, 88 of the jumper 67 can be adapted according to the mechanism on which they are applied by increasing and / or decreasing and / or making them more or less rectilinear.

According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the timepiece 1 comprises shockproof devices 33 and 35 adapted to disengage control members of their associated mechanism when a force exerted is greater than a predetermined force. In the following example, the pushers 19 and 21 serve to explain the operation of anti-shock devices according to the invention. However, the presentation can not be limited to these embodiments alone. Thus, such devices could also be provided to secure another control member such as, for example, the crown 15 controlling the time setting device 5 of the timepiece 1.

• gorge 94 et une pièce principale 91 sensiblement en forme de C dont une extrémité comporte une zone de frappe 93 et dont l'autre extrémité comporte un ensemble cheville 96 - sautoir 95. La pièce 91 est destinée à servir de pièce intermédiaire entre le poussoir 21 et le levier de remise à zéro 63 afin de pouvoir les découpler.
  La zone de frappe 93 comporte un flaque sensiblement perpendiculaire par rapport au plan principal de la pièce 91 et fait face à l'arrière du poussoir 21. Elle est destinée à entrer en contact avec le poussoir 21 afin de lui transmettre sa force à la pièce 91. L'ensemble doigt 92 - gorge 94 est destiné à limiter les déplacements relatifs entre le levier de remise à zéro 63 et la pièce principale 91. Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 3, le doigt 92 est solidaire de la pièce 91 et la gorge 94, du levier de remise à zéro 63. Cependant, un montage inverse est évidemment possible. De plus préférentiellement, le doigt 92 est également monté dans un trou 87 supérieur, sensiblement monté dans le même plan que les lumières 100 et 102, afin de limiter globalement son déplacement.
  Enfin, avantageusement, le dispositif antichoc 33 comporte un ensemble cheville 96 - sautoir 95. Un tel ensemble selon la configuration de l'invention est destiné à détecter mécaniquement les forces transmises successivement par le poussoir 21, la zone de frappe 93, la pièce 91 comme trop intenses, c'est-à-dire détecter lorsque la force transmise risque de détériorer le mécanisme de chronographe 7.
  En effet, la liaison mécanique entre une cheville 96 et le cran du sautoir 95 est adaptée pour se découpler, préférentiellement, lorsqu'un effort supérieur à 25 N lui est transmis par le poussoir 21. Bien entendu, dans le cas contraire, c'est-à-dire si la force est inférieure audit effort prédéterminé, le levier de remise à zéro 63 est actionné en même temps que la pièce principale 91.
  De manière préférée, l'ensemble cheville 96 - sautoir 95 est sélectionné car, en position normale, il n'exerce aucune contrainte sur le mécanisme de chronographe 7 ce qui lui permet de le solliciter au minimum. De plus, la force de découplage est très facile à configurer car elle dépend principalement de la géométrie du cran par rapport au reste du sautoir 95 ce qui rend très reproductible la force de découplage. Il peut bien sûr, être envisagé d'autres liaisons en fonction de l'application prévue.
  Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 3, la cheville 96 est montée sur l'extrémité du levier de remise à zéro 63 opposée à celle comprenant le bras 81 et le sautoir 95 est aménagé sur l'extrémité de la pièce 91 opposée à celle comprenant la zone de frappe 93. Cependant, un montage inverse de l'ensemble cheville 96 - sautoir 95 est évidemment possible.
  L'autre dispositif antichoc 35 est destiné à protéger le mécanisme de chronographe 7 contre l'actionnement intempestif de la commande 41. Il est monté à rotation selon le même axe A1 que la commande 41. Le dispositif antichoc 35 comporte un ensemble doigt 112 - gorge 114 et une pièce principale 111 sensiblement en forme d'arc de cercle dont une extrémité comporte une zone de frappe 113 et dont l'autre extrémité comporte un ensemble cheville 116 - sautoir 115. La pièce 111 est destinée à servir de pièce intermédiaire entre le poussoir 19 et la commande 41 afin de pouvoir les découpler.
  La zone de frappe 113 comporte un flasque sensiblement perpendiculaire par rapport au plan principal de la pièce 111 et fait face à l'arrière du poussoir 19. Elle est destinée à entrer en contact avec le poussoir 19 afin de lui transmettre sa force à la pièce 111. L'ensemble doigt 112 - gorge 114 est destiné à limiter les déplacements relatifs entre le la commande 41 et la pièce principale 111. Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 3, le doigt 112 est solidaire de la pièce 111 et la gorge 114, de la commande 41. Cependant, un montage inverse est évidemment possible. De plus comme pour le doigt 92, le doigt 112 est également monté dans un trou 89 supérieur, sensiblement monté dans le même plan que les lumières 100 et 102, afin de limiter globalement son déplacement.
  Avantageusement, le dispositif antichoc 35 comporte un ensemble cheville 116 - sautoir 115. Un tel ensemble selon la configuration de l'invention est destiné à détecter mécaniquement les forces transmises successivement par le poussoir 19, la zone de frappe 113, la pièce 111 comme trop intenses, c'est-à-dire détecter lorsque la force transmise risque de détériorer le mécanisme de chronographe 7.
  Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 3, la cheville 116 est montée sur l'extrémité, opposée celle montée sur l'axe A1, de la pièce principale 111 de façon sensiblement perpendiculaire. Le sautoir 115 est monté rapporté sur la commande 41. Préférentiellement, le montage est réalisé au moyen d'un flasque (non représentée pour ne pas alourdir les figures) qui est reliée à la commande 41 grâce à des goupilles 117 et 118 de manière à emprisonner le sautoir 115 entre ladite platine et ladite commande. La liaison mécanique entre une cheville 116 et le cran du sautoir 115 est adaptée pour se découpler, préférentiellement, lorsqu'un effort supérieur à 25 N lui est transmis par le poussoir 19.
  Bien entendu, dans le cas contraire, c'est-à-dire si la force est inférieure audit effort prédéterminé, la commande 41 est actionnée en même temps que la pièce principale 111. Enfin, de la même manière que pour le dispositif antichoc 33, un montage inverse de l'ensemble cheville 116 - sautoir 115 est évidemment possible.
  Préférentiellement, les pièces principales 91 et 111 sont d'épaisseur sensiblement équivalente à celle respectivement du levier de remise à zéro 63 et de la commande 41. L'épaisseur de chacune des pièces principales peut être ainsi inférieure à 0,5 mm.
  Selon une caractéristique avantageuse supplémentaire, la pièce d'horlogerie 1 comporte un dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 entre deux de ses organes de commande. Dans l'exemple illustré aux figures 2 à 8, le dispositif d'uniformisation d'effort 37 est destiné à personnaliser le toucher à l'enfoncement des poussoirs 19 et 21 commandant le mécanisme de chronographe 7. Cependant, le dispositif d'uniformisation d'effort 37 peut être envisagé entre deux autres organes de commande de la pièce d'horlogerie 1. Avantageusement selon l'invention, ladite personnalisation consiste à générer une force antagoniste lors de l'enfoncement de chaque poussoir 19, 21 à l'aide d'un seul et même dispositif.
  Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 3, le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 comporte une bascule intermédiaire 121, un sautoir 123, un premier ensemble doigt 122 - gorge 120 et un deuxième ensemble doigt 126 - gorge 124. La bascule intermédiaire 121 est montée sensiblement médianement à rotation contre l'axe A1. La bascule intermédiaire 121 est destinée à sélectivement transmettre ladite force antagoniste à la cinématique dédiée du poussoir 19, 21 qui est actionné comme expliqué ci-après. La force antagoniste est induite par le déplacement relatif entre l'extrémité sensiblement en pointe 125 de la bascule 121 et le cran du sautoir 123 rapporté sur la commande 41.
  Afin que le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 fonctionne à partir de l'enfoncement des deux poussoirs 19 et 21, la bascule 121 utilise les deux ensembles doigt - gorge afin de respectivement relier la commande 41, c'est-à-dire une partie de la cinématique associée au poussoir 19, et le levier de remise à zéro 63, c'est-à-dire une partie de la cinématique associée au poussoir 21.
  Ainsi, le doigt 122 est monté sur la même extrémité de la bascule 121 que la pointe 125 de façon sensiblement perpendiculaire et glisse dans la gorge 120 aménagée dans la commande 41. De plus, le doigt 126 est monté sur l'autre extrémité, opposée à celle de la pointe 125, de façon sensiblement perpendiculaire et glisse dans la gorge 124 aménagée dans le levier de remise à zéro 63.
  Avantageusement selon l'invention, le sautoir 115 du dispositif antichoc 35 et le sautoir 123 du dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 partagent les mêmes moyens de fixations 117, 118 montés sur la commande 41. Ils forment ainsi une pièce monobloc 127 formant un double sautoir.
  Comme visible notamment à la figure 3, par les représentations diverses de traits, au niveau de la région de l'axe A1, il y a au moins quatre pièces au moins partiellement empilées l'une sur l'autre. De manière préférée, l'empilement consécutif est à une extrémité la bascule intermédiaire 121 puis la commande 41, la pièce principale 111 et le crochet de commande 43.
  Le fonctionnement de la pièce d'horlogerie 1 et plus particulièrement du mécanisme de chronographe 7 va maintenant être expliqué en référence aux figures 3 à 8. Dans ces figures, seulement une partie du mécanisme de chronographe 7 est représenté afin de faciliter la compréhension de l'invention. De plus, afin de mieux se rendre compte de la quantité de déplacement des poussoirs 19 et 21 effectués entre les figures, lesdits poussoirs 19 et 21 sont volontairement toujours placés à la même position non enfoncée.
  La figure 3 représente le mécanisme de chronographe 7 lorsqu'il est inactif, c'est-à-dire lorsque le dispositif indicateur 17 n'est pas utilisé. On remarque que le dispositif de remise à zéro 25 est actif, c'est-à-dire que le dispositif indicateur 17 est initialisé, et que cette position est rendue stable par contact préférentiellement du galet de la cheville 72 contre la face supérieure 86 du sautoir 67.
  De plus, les dispositifs antichoc 33 et 35 sont dans leur position normale, c'est-à-dire couplés respectivement avec le levier de remise à zéro 63 et la commande 41. En outre, le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 est dans sa position d'équilibre, c'est-à-dire que la pointe 125 de la bascule intermédiaire 121 siège dans le cran du sautoir 123. Enfin, la roue à colonnes 45 du système de commande 23 est dans sa position autorisant l'activation du dispositif de remise à zéro 25.
  Dans un fonctionnement normal du mécanisme de chronographe 7, l'utilisateur actionne le poussoir arrêt/départ 19 selon la flèche B visible à la figure 3. Dans une première phase, le poussoir 19 se déplace sensiblement selon une translation B jusqu'à ce que l'arrière du poussoir 19 entre en contact avec la zone de frappe 113 du dispositif antichoc 35. Dans une deuxième phase, le mouvement du poussoir 19 est transmis à la pièce principale 111 du dispositif antichoc 35 qui imprime alors une rotation C autour de l'axe A1.
  Si la vitesse du mouvement B exercée sur le poussoir 19 induit une force sur la liaison sautoir 115 - cheville 116, préférentiellement, supérieure à 25 N, le dispositif antichoc 35 passe en position débrayée. Cela signifie que la liaison entre la cheville 116 de la pièce principale 111 et le cran du sautoir 115 monté sur la commande 41 se désolidarise. Par conséquent, la translation B du poussoir 19, sensiblement orientée vers le coeur 59, induit uniquement la rotation C de la pièce principale 111 du dispositif antichoc 35 dans le sens rétrograde. La rotation C de la pièce principale 111 est limitée lorsque le doigt 112 rencontre l'extrémité de la gorge 114 comme illustré dans la figure 5.
  Préférentiellement, à ce stade ou sensiblement avant, une collerette 129 du poussoir 19 bute contre le boîtier 11 de la pièce d'horlogerie 1 ce qui limite de manière plus sure la course du poussoir 19. A titre d'alternative ou d'élément complémentaire, il peut également être prévu une butée de fin de course de la zone de frappe 113. A tout moment, lorsque le poussoir 19 est relâché, la force de détente du sautoir 115 ramène la cheville 116 vers le cran du sautoir 115. Le dispositif antichoc 35 permet ainsi de protéger la cinématique rattachée à la commande 41 et se repositionne automatiquement de manière mécanique.
  Si la vitesse du mouvement B exercée sur le poussoir 19 induit une force sur la liaison sautoir 115 - cheville 116, préférentiellement, inférieure à 25 N, le dispositif antichoc 35 reste en position normale et, dans une troisième phase, transmet à la commande 41 son mouvement. La commande 41 est entraînée selon la même rotation C rétrograde autour de l'axe A1. L'amplitude la rotation C réalisée lors de la troisième phase permet, pendant la course de la commande 41, de déplacer la bascule de marteau 65 par le mouvement D de sa cheville 51 et, le crochet de commande 43, par le mouvement E de sa lumière 47.
  Par conséquent, dans une quatrième phase, le tenon 49 du crochet de commande 43, emprisonné dans la lumière 47, entraîne également le crochet de commande 43 en rotation C rétrograde autour de l'axe A1. Le crochet 44 se rapproche donc de la dent de la roue à rochet 46 qui lui fait face par un mouvement F sensiblement tangentiel. Dans une cinquième phase, le crochet 44 entre en contact avec la roue à rochet 46 et force la roue à colonnes 45 à imprimer une rotation G trigonométrique autour de l'axe A2.
  A la fin de la cinquième phase correspondant à la course maximale du crochet 44, comme illustré à la figure 4, la roue à colonnes 45 a pivoté selon un angle sensiblement égal 30 degrés de façon à ce qu'une colonne de la roue crénelée 48 face vis-à-vis avec le doigt 83 du levier de remise à zéro 63. Cela permet au système de commande 23 de changer d'état en empêchant, notamment, l'activation du dispositif de remise à zéro 25.
  De manière non visible afin de ne pas alourdir les figures, ledit changement d'état contrôle l'activation du dispositif d'embrayage 29, c'est-à-dire que le mécanisme de chronographe 7 est rendu solidaire avec le mouvement horloger 3 et la désactivation du dispositif d'immobilisation 31, c'est-à-dire que le dispositif de rouages 27 n'est pas immobilisé. En effet, préférentiellement, la roue à colonne 45 comporte une troisième roue dentée, en dessous de la roue à rochet 46, qui permet de commander lesdits dispositifs.
  Pendant lesdites quatrième et cinquième phases, la bascule de marteau 65 est déplacée par le mouvement D de poussée de la cheville 51. Le déplacement de la bascule de marteau 65 est du type à rotation rétrograde H autour de l'axe A3. Dans un premier temps qui est préférentiellement postérieur au début de la quatrième phase, la cheville 51, préférentiellement par l'intermédiaire de son galet 53, entre en contact avec l'extrémité de la bascule de marteau 65 qui lui fait face, ladite bascule étant en position stable grâce au contact de sa cheville 72 contre la face supérieure 86 du sautoir 67.
  Ainsi, de manière avantageuse, pendant le début de la rotation C de la commande 41 (c'est-à-dire avant la cinquième phase et le premier temps), le retour d'effort sur le poussoir 19 ressenti par l'utilisateur est généré principalement par le déplacement relatif du sautoir 123, qui est entraîné selon le mouvement J autour de l'axe A1 par la commande 41, par rapport à la pointe 125 de la bascule intermédiaire 121.
  Au début du premier temps, l'effort de poussée sur le poussoir 19 doit donc contrer les efforts antagonistes conjugués exercés principalement par l'écartement J du sautoir 123 par rapport à la pointe 125 et l'écartement M de la partie verticale 82 du sautoir 67 par rapport à la cheville 72.
  Préférentiellement aux deux tiers de la course de la commande 41, le deuxième temps est initié. Il correspond au moment où, préférentiellement, le galet de la cheville 72 de la bascule 65 dépasse le bord commun entre la face supérieure 86 et la face latérale 88 de la partie verticale 82 du sautoir 67. En effet, à ce moment, le mouvement B du poussoir 19 n'oblige plus le sautoir 67 à s'écarter selon le mouvement M mais au contraire autorise à ce que le sautoir 67 tende à revenir en position d'équilibre.
  Par conséquent sensiblement au début du deuxième temps, la bascule de marteau 65 n'est plus déplacée par l'effort exercé sur le poussoir 19 mais sensiblement par la force exercée par la rotation trigonométrique de détente de la partie verticale 82 du sautoir 67 autour de l'axe A5. La fin du mouvement (H, K, L) du dispositif de remise à zéro 25 est alors « automatiquement » réalisé.
  Comme visible à la figure 4, à la fin du deuxième temps (correspondant sensiblement à la fin de la cinquième phase), le galet 53 de la cheville 51 n'est plus en contact avec la bascule de marteau 65 et le galet de la cheville 72 de ce dernier siège dans le cran de la partie latérale 88 du sautoir 67. Le mouvement de la bascule 65 a entraîné directement le tenon 64 du marteau 61 selon la translation K dans la lumière 100 et, indirectement, le deuxième tenon 66 du marteau 61 selon la translation L dans la lumière 102 de sorte que le marteau 61 s'est éloigné des coeurs 55, 57 et 59. Par conséquent, le dispositif de remise à zéro 25 illustré à la figure 6 est dans sa position stable désactivée.
  On comprend donc qu'aux fins respectives, qui sont sensiblement simultanées, de la cinquième phase et du deuxième temps, le mécanisme de chronographe 7 est activé, c'est-à-dire que le dispositif indicateur 17 commence à visualiser le temps écoulé. Néanmoins, à tout moment, si l'effort exercé sur le poussoir 19 induit une force sur la liaison sautoir 115 - cheville 116 qui excède sensiblement 25 N, la commande 41 n'est plus entraînée par le dispositif antichoc 35.
  On peut voir également à la figure 4 que le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 est dans sa position la plus éloignée par rapport à celle d'équilibre visible à la figure 3. On voit notamment que le déplacement relatif de la pointe 125 de la bascule intermédiaire 121 par rapport au sautoir 123 a été entièrement réalisé par le déplacement commun dudit sautoir 123 avec la commande 41. Cela est rendu possible par le déplacement de la gorge 120 aménagée sur la commande 41 contre le doigt 122 de la bascule intermédiaire 121.
  Par conséquent, un simple relâchement du poussoir 19 va mécaniquement libérer la contrainte entre la pointe 125 de la bascule intermédiaire 121 et la sautoir 123. Le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 tend alors à retrouver sa position d'équilibre et entraîne dans son déplacement la commande 41 et, incidemment par la cinématique expliquée ci-dessus, le crochet de commande 43 et la pièce principale 111 sans que le dispositif de remise à zéro 25 ne modifie son fonctionnement.
  Comme visible à la figure 6, le mécanisme de chronographe 7 est donc activé, c'est-à-dire que le dispositif indicateur 17 continue de mesurer le temps écoulé, le dispositif de remise à zéro 25 est dans sa position inactive stable, le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 est dans sa position d'équilibre et les cinématiques reliées aux poussoirs 19 et 21 dans leur position de repos. A ce stade, grâce à la roue à colonnes 45 du système de commande 23, il n'est pas possible d'activer le dispositif de remise à zéro 25, de plus comme expliqué ci-avant, le dispositif d'embrayage 29 est activé et le dispositif d'immobilisation 31 désactivé.
  Lorsque l'utilisateur souhaite arrêter la mesure du temps, c'est-à-dire arrêter le dispositif indicateur 17, il appuie de nouveau sur le poussoir 19. Comme expliqué précédemment, si l'effort exercé sur le poussoir 19 engendre une force sur la liaison sautoir 115 - cheville 116 sensiblement supérieure à 25 N, le dispositif antichoc 35 passe en position débrayée et n'entraîne pas la commande 41. Si l'appui sur le poussoir 19 est inférieur à l'effort prédéterminé, la cinématique, expliquée ci-dessus, entraîne le crochet de commande 43 selon le mouvement tangentiel F apte à faire imprimer une rotation G trigonométrique, sur sensiblement un angle de 30 degrés, à la roue à colonne 45.
  Par conséquent, le système de commande 23 revient à un état sensiblement symétrique à celui de la figure 3 ce qui implique qu'il permet à nouveau l'activation du dispositif de remise à zéro 25 (le doigt 83 du levier de remise à zéro 63 fait de nouveau face à un espace entre deux colonnes de la roue crénelée 48). Cet état désactive, également, le dispositif d'embrayage 29 (c'est-à-dire désolidarise le mécanisme de chronographe 7 du mouvement horloger 3) et active le dispositif d'immobilisation 31 (c'est-à-dire rend statique le dispositif de rouages 27) par exemple au moyen de ladite troisième roue de la roue à colonne 45 comme expliqué ci-dessus. L'utilisateur peut alors lire confortablement, par le dispositif indicateur 17 (rendu immobile) du système d'affichage 9, le temps écoulé qu'il a souhaité mesurer.
  Si l'utilisateur veut redémarrer le mécanisme de chronographe 7, il appuie sur le poussoir 19 afin de faire à nouveau changer d'état le système de commande 23 en ayant un ressenti identique que s'il actionnait pour la première fois le mécanisme de chronographe 7. Cela est rendu possible grâce au dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37.
  S'il souhaite réinitialiser le dispositif indicateur 17 afin, par exemple, d'effectuer une nouvelle mesure de temps, l'utilisateur appuie sur le poussoir 21 comme visible à la figure 7. Dans une première étape, le poussoir 21 se déplace sensiblement selon une translation N jusqu'à ce que l'arrière du poussoir 21 entre en contact avec la zone de frappe 93 du dispositif antichoc 33. Dans une deuxième étape, le mouvement du poussoir 21 est transmis à la pièce principale 91 du dispositif antichoc 33 qui imprime alors une rotation P rétrograde autour de l'axe A4.
  Si la vitesse du mouvement N exercée sur le poussoir 21 induit une force sur la liaison sautoir 95 - cheville 96, préférentiellement, supérieure à 25N, le dispositif antichoc 33 passe en position débrayée. Cela signifie que la liaison entre la cheville 96 du levier de remise à zéro 63 et le cran du sautoir 95 aménagé sur la pièce principale 91 se désolidarise. Par conséquent, la translation N du poussoir 21, sensiblement orientée vers le coeur 59, induit uniquement la rotation P de la pièce principale 91 du dispositif antichoc 33 dans le sens rétrograde. La rotation P de la pièce principale 91 est limitée lorsque le doigt 92 rencontre l'extrémité de la gorge 94 comme illustré dans la figure 8.
  Préférentiellement, à ce stade ou sensiblement avant, une collerette 131 du poussoir 21 bute contre le boîtier 11 de la pièce d'horlogerie 1 ce qui limite de manière plus sure la course du poussoir 21. A titre d'alternative ou d'élément complémentaire, il peut également être prévu une butée de fin de course de la zone de frappe 93. A tout moment, lorsque le poussoir 21 est relâché, la force de détente du sautoir 95 le ramène vers la cheville 96. Le dispositif antichoc 33 permet ainsi de protéger la cinématique rattachée au levier de remise à zéro 63 et se repositionne automatiquement de manière mécanique.
  Si la vitesse du mouvement N exercée sur le poussoir 21 induit une force sur la liaison sautoir 95 - cheville 96, préférentiellement, inférieure à 25 N, le dispositif antichoc 33 reste en position normale et, dans une troisième étape, transmet au levier de remise à zéro 63 son mouvement. Le levier de remise à zéro 63 est entraîné selon la même rotation P rétrograde autour de l'axe A4 et, incidemment, son doigt 83 et son bras 81.
  Dans une quatrième étape, le bras 81, par son mouvement ○ sensiblement orienté vers les coeurs 55, 57 et 59, entre en contact avec le deuxième galet du tenon 66 et commence à l'entraîner. Par la cinématique du dispositif de remise à zéro 25, le mouvement ○ du bras 81 du levier de remise à zéro 63 se traduit successivement par les mouvements L' (sensiblement inverse à L expliqué ci-dessus) du tenon 66, K' du tenon 64 (sensiblement inverse à K expliqué ci-dessus) et H' de la bascule de marteau 65 (sensiblement inverse à H expliqué ci-dessus). Cependant, la bascule de marteau 65 étant en position stable grâce au contact du galet de sa cheville 72 contre la face latérale 88 du sautoir 67, elle exerce une force antagoniste au mouvement ○.
  De manière avantageuse, pendant le début de la rotation P du levier de remise à zéro 63 (c'est-à-dire avant la quatrième étape), le retour d'effort sur le poussoir 21 ressenti par l'utilisateur est généré principalement par le déplacement relatif de la pointe 125 de la bascule intermédiaire 121, qui est entraînée selon le mouvement R autour de l'axe A1 par le levier de remise à zéro 63 au moyen de l'ensemble doigt 126 - gorge 124, par rapport au sautoir 123.
  Au début de la quatrième étape, l'effort de poussée sur le poussoir 21 doit donc contrer les efforts antagonistes conjugués exercés principalement par l'écartement J du sautoir 123 par rapport à la pointe 125 et l'écartement M de la partie verticale 82 du sautoir 67 par rapport à la cheville 72.
  Préférentiellement aux deux tiers de la course du levier de remise à zéro 63, la cinquième étape est initiée. Elle correspond au moment où le galet de la cheville 72 de la bascule 65 dépasse le bord commun entre la face supérieure 86 et la face latérale 88 de la partie verticale 82 du sautoir 67. En effet, à ce moment, le mouvement N du poussoir 21 n'oblige plus le sautoir 67 à s'écarter selon le mouvement M mais au contraire autorise à ce que le sautoir 67 tende à revenir en position d'équilibre.
  Par conséquent sensiblement au début de la cinquième étape, la bascule de marteau 65 n'est plus déplacée par l'effort exercé sur le poussoir 21 mais sensiblement par la force exercée par la rotation trigonométrique de détente de la partie verticale 82 du sautoir 67 autour de l'axe A5. La fin du parcours du mouvement (H', K', L') du dispositif de remise à zéro 25 est alors « automatiquement » réalisé.
  Comme visible à la figure 7, à la fin de la cinquième étape, le bras 81 du levier de remise à zéro 63 n'est plus en contact avec le deuxième galet du tenon 66 du marteau 61 et le galet de la cheville 72 de la bascule de marteau 65 siège contre la partie supérieure 86 du sautoir 67. Le mouvement de la bascule 65 a entraîné directement le tenon 64 du marteau 61 selon la translation K' dans la lumière 100 et, indirectement, le deuxième tenon 66 du marteau 61 selon la translation L' dans la lumière 102 de sorte que le marteau 61 est entré en contact avec les coeurs 55, 57 et 59. Le dispositif de remise à zéro 25 est donc à nouveau activé.
  La configuration à double bras 60, 62 du marteau 61 comme expliqué ci-dessus permet d'améliorer l'équilibrage des forces de frappe des coeurs 55, 57, 59 par les butées 54, 56, 58 du marteau 61. De plus, avantageusement, les forces de frappe ne sont plus dépendantes de la force exercée sur la poussoir 21 mais de la force de détente du sautoir 67.
  On comprend donc, qu'à la fin de la cinquième étape, le mécanisme de chronographe 7 est désactivé et son dispositif indicateur 17 réinitialisé. Néanmoins, à tout moment, si l'effort exercé sur le poussoir 21 induit une force sur la liaison sautoir 95 - cheville 96 qui excède sensiblement 25 N, le levier de remise à zéro 63 n'est plus entraîné par le dispositif antichoc 33.
  Les dispositifs antichoc 33 et 35 protègent ainsi le mécanisme de chronographe 7 contre les actionnements violents des poussoirs 19 et 21. Les dispositifs 33 et 35 protège le mécanisme de chronographe 7 également dans le cas où les deux poussoirs 119 et 21 sont actionnés en même temps. En effet, l'un 19 va tendre à rendre inactif le système de remise à zéro 25 et l'autre 21, tendre à rendre actif le même système. Grâce aux dispositifs 33 et 35, dès qu'au moins une des liaisons 116 - 115 et 95 - 96 atteint son seuil de contrainte prédéterminé, préférentiellement égal à 25 N, elle se débraye et laisse à l'autre la commande du dispositif de remise à zéro 25. De la même manière, la roue crénelée 48 de la roue à colonne 45 ne risque pas d'être endommagée par un appui violent du doigt 83 du levier de remise à zéro 63.
  On peut voir également à la figure 7 que le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 est dans sa position la plus éloignée par rapport à celle d'équilibre visible à la figure 3. On voit notamment que le déplacement relatif de la pointe 125 de la bascule intermédiaire 121 par rapport au sautoir 123 a été entièrement réalisé par le déplacement de la bascule intermédiaire 121. Cela est rendu possible par le déplacement de son doigt 122 dans la gorge 120 aménagée sur la commande 41.
  Avantageusement, un simple relâchement du poussoir 21 va mécaniquement libérer la contrainte entre la pointe 125 de la bascule intermédiaire 121 et le sautoir 123. Le dispositif d'uniformisation d'efforts 37 tend alors à retrouver sa position d'équilibre et entraîne dans son déplacement le levier de remise à zéro 63 par l'ensemble doigt 126 - gorge 124 et, incidemment, la pièce principale 91 par l'ensemble cheville 96
• sautoir 95.

The shockproof device 33 is intended to protect the chronograph mechanism 7 against inadvertent actuation of the reset lever 63. It is rotatably mounted along the same axis A4 as the reset lever 63. The shockproof device 33 comprises a finger assembly 92

• groove 94 and a substantially C-shaped main part 91, one end of which has a striking zone 93 and the other end The piece 91 is intended to act as an intermediate piece between the pusher 21 and the reset lever 63 so as to be able to uncouple them.
  The striking zone 93 comprises a puddle substantially perpendicular to the main plane of the part 91 and faces the rear of the pusher 21. It is intended to come into contact with the pusher 21 in order to transmit its force to the workpiece 91. The finger assembly 92 - groove 94 is intended to limit the relative movements between the reset lever 63 and the main part 91. In the example illustrated in FIG. figure 3 , the finger 92 is secured to the workpiece 91 and the groove 94 of the reset lever 63. However, a reverse assembly is obviously possible. More preferably, the finger 92 is also mounted in an upper hole 87, substantially mounted in the same plane as the lights 100 and 102, in order to limit its overall displacement.
  Finally, advantageously, the anti-shock device 33 comprises a set of pins 96 - jumper 95. Such an assembly according to the configuration of the invention is intended to mechanically detect the forces transmitted successively by the pusher 21, the strike zone 93, the piece 91 as too intense, ie detect when the transmitted force may deteriorate the chronograph mechanism 7.
  Indeed, the mechanical connection between an ankle 96 and the notch of the jumper 95 is adapted to decouple, preferably, when a force greater than 25 N is transmitted to it by the pusher 21. Of course, in the opposite case, it is that is, if the force is less than said predetermined force, the reset lever 63 is actuated at the same time as the main piece 91.
  Preferably, the 96-jumper assembly 95 is selected because, in the normal position, it does not exert any constraint on the chronograph mechanism 7 which allows him to solicit at least. In addition, the decoupling force is very easy to configure because it depends mainly on the geometry of the notch relative to the rest of the jumper 95 which makes the decoupling force very reproducible. It can of course, be considered other links depending on the intended application.
  In the example shown in figure 3 , the pin 96 is mounted on the end of the resetting lever 63 opposite that comprising the arm 81 and the jumper 95 is arranged on the end of the part 91 opposite to that comprising the striking zone 93. However, a reverse assembly of the assembly 96 - jumper 95 is obviously possible.
  The other anti-shock device 35 is intended to protect the chronograph mechanism 7 against inadvertent actuation of the control 41. It is rotatably mounted along the same axis A1 as the control 41. The shockproof device 35 comprises a finger assembly 112 - groove 114 and a main part 111 substantially in the form of a circular arc, one end of which has a striking zone 113 and the other end of which has an assembly 116 - jumper 115. The piece 111 is intended to serve as an intermediate piece between the pusher 19 and the control 41 in order to decouple them.
  The striking zone 113 comprises a flange substantially perpendicular to the main plane of the piece 111 and faces the rear of the pusher 19. It is intended to come into contact with the pusher 19 in order to transmit its force to the piece 111. The finger 112 - throat assembly 114 is intended to limit the relative movements between the control 41 and the main part 111. In the example illustrated in FIG. figure 3 , the finger 112 is secured to the workpiece 111 and the groove 114 of the control 41. However, a reverse assembly is obviously possible. In addition, as for the finger 92, the finger 112 is also mounted in an upper hole 89, substantially mounted in the same plane as the lights 100 and 102, in order to limit its movement globally.
  Advantageously, the anti-shock device 35 comprises an anchor assembly 116 - jumper 115. Such an assembly according to the configuration of the invention is intended to mechanically detect the forces transmitted successively by the pusher 19, the striking zone 113, the piece 111 as too intense, ie detect when the transmitted force may deteriorate the chronograph mechanism 7.
  In the example shown in figure 3 , the pin 116 is mounted on the end, opposite that mounted on the axis A1, of the main part 111 substantially perpendicularly. The jumper 115 is mounted mounted on the control 41. Preferably, the assembly is carried out by means of a flange (not shown so as not to weigh down the figures) which is connected to the control 41 by means of pins 117 and 118 so as to trap jumper 115 between said platen and said control. The mechanical connection between an anchor 116 and the notch of the jumper 115 is adapted to decouple, preferably, when a force greater than 25 N is transmitted to it by the pusher 19.
  Of course, in the opposite case, that is to say if the force is less than said predetermined force, the control 41 is actuated at the same time as the main part 111. Finally, in the same way as for the shockproof device 33 , a reverse assembly of the entire anchor 116 - jumper 115 is obviously possible.
  Preferably, the main parts 91 and 111 are of substantially equivalent thickness to that respectively of the reset lever 63 and the control 41. The thickness of each of the main parts can thus be less than 0.5 mm.
  According to an additional advantageous characteristic, the timepiece 1 comprises a force equalization device 37 between two of its control members. In the example shown in Figures 2 to 8 , the force equalizing device 37 is intended to personalize the touch at the depression of the pushers 19 and 21 controlling the chronograph mechanism 7. However, the force equalization device 37 may be envisaged between two other organs 1. Advantageously according to the invention, said customization is to generate an antagonistic force during the depression of each pusher 19, 21 with the aid of a single device.
  In the example shown in figure 3 , the force equalization device 37 comprises an intermediate lever 121, a jumper 123, a first finger 122 - throat assembly 120 and a second finger 126 - throat assembly 124. The intermediate lever 121 is mounted substantially medially rotation against axis A1. The intermediate flip-flop 121 is intended to selectively transmit said counterforce to the dedicated kinematics of the pusher 19, 21 which is actuated as explained hereinafter. The counterforce is induced by the relative displacement between the substantially pointed end 125 of the flip-flop 121 and the notch of the jumper 123 attached to the control 41.
  So that the force equalization device 37 operates from the depression of the two pushers 19 and 21, the latch 121 uses the two finger-throat assemblies to respectively connect the control 41, that is to say a portion of the kinematic associated with the pusher 19, and the reset lever 63, that is to say a portion of the kinematic associated with the pusher 21.
  Thus, the finger 122 is mounted on the same end of the latch 121 as the tip 125 substantially perpendicular and slides in the groove 120 arranged in the control 41. In addition, the finger 126 is mounted on the other end, opposite at that of the tip 125, substantially perpendicular and slides in the groove 124 arranged in the reset lever 63.
  Advantageously according to the invention, the jumper 115 of the anti-shock device 35 and the jumper 123 of the force equalization device 37 share the same fastening means 117, 118 mounted on the control 41. They thus form a one-piece piece 127 forming a double jumper.
  As visible in particular figure 3 by the various representations of lines, at the region of the axis A1, there are at least four pieces at least partially stacked one on the other. Preferably, the consecutive stack is at one end the flip-flop intermediate 121 then the control 41, the main part 111 and the control hook 43.
  The operation of the timepiece 1 and more particularly of the chronograph mechanism 7 will now be explained with reference to the Figures 3 to 8 . In these figures, only part of the chronograph mechanism 7 is shown to facilitate understanding of the invention. In addition, to better understand the amount of movement of the pushers 19 and 21 made between the figures, said pushers 19 and 21 are always intentionally always in the same position not depressed.
  The figure 3 represents the chronograph mechanism 7 when it is inactive, that is to say when the indicator device 17 is not used. Note that the resetting device 25 is active, that is to say that the indicator device 17 is initialized, and that this position is made stable by preferentially contacting the roller of the peg 72 against the upper face 86 of the jumper 67.
  In addition, the anti-shock devices 33 and 35 are in their normal position, that is, respectively coupled with the reset lever 63 and the control 41. In addition, the force equalizing device 37 is in its position of equilibrium, that is to say that the tip 125 of the intermediate lever 121 sits in the notch of the jumper 123. Finally, the column wheel 45 of the control system 23 is in its position allowing the activation of the reset device 25.
  In normal operation of the chronograph mechanism 7, the user actuates the stop / start pushbutton 19 according to the arrow B visible at the figure 3 . In a first phase, the pusher 19 moves substantially in a translation B until the rear of the pusher 19 comes into contact with the striking zone 113 of the shockproof device 35. In a second phase, the movement of the pusher 19 is transmitted to the main part 111 of the shockproof device 35 which then prints a rotation C about the axis A1.
  If the speed of the movement B exerted on the pusher 19 induces a force on the jumper 115 - pin 116, preferably greater than 25 N, the shockproof device 35 goes into the disengaged position. This means that the connection between the peg 116 of the main part 111 and the notch 115 of the jumper mounted on the control 41 is disengaged. Consequently, the translation B of the pusher 19, substantially oriented towards the core 59, only induces the rotation C of the main part 111 of the anti-shock device 35 in the retrograde direction. The rotation C of the main part 111 is limited when the finger 112 meets the end of the groove 114 as illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .
  Preferably, at this stage or substantially before, a flange 129 of the pusher 19 abuts against the housing 11 of the timepiece 1 which more surely limits the stroke of the pusher 19. As an alternative or complementary element , it can also be provided a limit stop of the strike zone 113. At any time, when the pusher 19 is released, the expansion force of the jumper 115 returns the pin 116 to the notch of the jumper 115. The device shockproof 35 thus protects the kinematics attached to the control 41 and is automatically repositioned mechanically.
  If the speed of the movement B exerted on the pusher 19 induces a force on the jumper 115 - pin 116, preferably less than 25 N, the shockproof device 35 remains in the normal position and, in a third phase, transmits to the control 41 his movement. The control 41 is driven in the same retrograde rotation C around the axis A1. The amplitude C rotation performed during the third phase allows, during the travel of the control 41, to move the hammer rocker 65 by the movement D of its pin 51 and, the control hook 43, the movement E of its light 47.
  Therefore, in a fourth phase, the pin 49 of the control hook 43, trapped in the slot 47, also causes the control hook 43 in rotation C retrograde about the axis A1. The hook 44 is thus closer to the tooth of the ratchet wheel 46 which faces it by a substantially tangential movement F. In a fifth phase, the hook 44 comes into contact with the ratchet wheel 46 and forces the column wheel 45 to print a trigonometric rotation G about the axis A2.
  At the end of the fifth phase corresponding to the maximum stroke of the hook 44, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 the column wheel 45 has pivoted at an angle substantially equal to 30 degrees so that a column of the castellated wheel 48 faces vis-à-vis the finger 83 of the reset lever 63. This allows the system control 23 to change state by preventing, in particular, the activation of the resetting device 25.
  In a manner that is not visible so as not to weigh down the figures, said change of state controls the activation of the clutch device 29, that is to say that the chronograph mechanism 7 is made integral with the watch movement 3 and the deactivation of the immobilizer 31, that is to say that the gear device 27 is not immobilized. Indeed, preferably, the column wheel 45 comprises a third gear, below the ratchet wheel 46, for controlling said devices.
  During said fourth and fifth phases, the hammer rocker 65 is moved by the thrust movement D of the pin 51. The movement of the hammer rocker 65 is of the retrograde rotation type H about the axis A3. In a first step which is preferably subsequent to the beginning of the fourth phase, the pin 51, preferably via its roller 53, comes into contact with the end of the hammer rocker 65 which faces it, said rocker being in stable position thanks to the contact of its ankle 72 against the upper face 86 of the jumper 67.
  Thus, advantageously, during the start of the rotation C of the control 41 (that is to say before the fifth phase and the first time), the force feedback on the pusher 19 felt by the user is generated mainly by the relative movement of the jumper 123, which is driven according to the movement J about the axis A1 by the control 41, relative to the tip 125 of the intermediate lever 121.
  At the beginning of the first step, the thrust force on the pusher 19 must therefore counteract the conjugate antagonistic efforts exerted mainly by the spacing J of the jumper 123 relative to the tip 125 and the spacing M of the vertical portion 82 of the jumper 67 to the ankle 72.
  Preferably to two thirds of the race of the command 41, the second time is initiated. It corresponds to the moment when, preferably, the roller of the peg 72 of the rocker 65 exceeds the common edge between the upper face 86 and the lateral face 88 of the vertical part 82 of the jumper 67. Indeed, at this moment, the movement B of the pusher 19 no longer requires the jumper 67 to move away according to the movement M but on the contrary allows the jumper 67 tends to return to the equilibrium position.
  Therefore substantially at the beginning of the second time, the hammer rocker 65 is no longer displaced by the force exerted on the pusher 19 but substantially by the force exerted by the trigger trigonometric rotation of the vertical portion 82 of the jumper 67 around the axis A5. The end of the movement (H, K, L) of the resetting device 25 is then "automatically" performed.
  As visible at figure 4 at the end of the second time (corresponding substantially to the end of the fifth phase), the roller 53 of the pin 51 is no longer in contact with the hammer rocker 65 and the peg of the pin 72 of the latter seat in the notch of the lateral portion 88 of the jumper 67. The movement of the rocker 65 has driven directly the pin 64 of the hammer 61 according to the translation K in the light 100 and, indirectly, the second pin 66 of the hammer 61 according to the translation L in the light 102 so that the hammer 61 has moved away from the cores 55, 57 and 59. Therefore, the reset device 25 illustrated in FIG. figure 6 is in its stable position deactivated.
  It is therefore understood that for the respective purposes, which are substantially simultaneous, the fifth phase and the second time, the chronograph mechanism 7 is activated, that is to say that the indicator device 17 begins to visualize the elapsed time. Nevertheless, at any time, if the force exerted on the pusher 19 induces a force on the jumper 115 - pin 116 which substantially exceeds 25 N, the control 41 is no longer driven by the shockproof device 35.
  We can also see figure 4 that the force equalization device 37 is in its furthest position relative to that of equilibrium visible at the figure 3 . It is seen in particular that the relative displacement of the tip 125 of the intermediate lever 121 relative to the jumper 123 has been entirely achieved by the common movement of said jumper 123 with the control 41. This is made possible by the displacement of the groove 120 arranged on the control 41 against the finger 122 of the intermediate lever 121.
  Therefore, a simple release of the pusher 19 will mechanically release the stress between the tip 125 of the intermediate lever 121 and the jumper 123. The effort equalizing device 37 then tends to return to its equilibrium position and leads in its displacing the control 41 and, incidentally by the kinematics explained above, the control hook 43 and the main part 111 without the resetting device 25 modifies its operation.
  As visible at figure 6 , the chronograph mechanism 7 is therefore activated, that is to say that the indicator device 17 continues to measure the elapsed time, the reset device 25 is in its stable inactive position, the standardization device of efforts 37 is in its equilibrium position and the kinematics connected to the pushers 19 and 21 in their rest position. At this stage, thanks to the column wheel 45 of the control system 23, it is not possible to activate the reset device 25, moreover as explained above, the clutch device 29 is activated and the immobilizer 31 deactivated.
  When the user wishes to stop the measurement of the time, that is to say stop the indicator device 17, it again presses the pushbutton 19. As explained above, if the force exerted on the pushbutton 19 generates a force on the jumper 115 - pin 116 substantially greater than 25 N, the shockproof device 35 goes into the disengaged position and does not cause the control 41. If the support on the pusher 19 is less than the predetermined force, the kinematics, explained above, causes the control hook 43 according to the tangential movement F able to print a trigonometric rotation G, at a substantially 30 degree angle, to the column wheel 45.
  Therefore, the control system 23 returns to a state substantially symmetrical to that of the figure 3 which implies that it again allows the activation of the resetting device 25 (the finger 83 of the reset lever 63 is again facing a space between two columns of the castellated wheel 48). This state also deactivates the clutch device 29 (that is, disengages the chronograph mechanism 7 from the watch movement 3) and activates the immobilizer 31 (that is, makes the device static). gear device 27) for example by means of said third wheel of the column wheel 45 as explained above. The user can then comfortably read, by the indicating device 17 (made immobile) of the display system 9, the elapsed time that he wished to measure.
  If the user wants to restart the chronograph mechanism 7, he presses the pusher 19 to make again change the control system 23 having the same feeling as if he operated for the first time the chronograph mechanism 7. This is made possible by the effort equalization device 37.
  If it wishes to reset the indicator device 17 to, for example, perform a new measurement of time, the user presses the pusher 21 as visible in FIG. figure 7 . In a first step, the pusher 21 moves substantially in a translation N until that the rear of the pusher 21 comes into contact with the striking zone 93 of the shockproof device 33. In a second step, the movement of the pusher 21 is transmitted to the main part 91 of the shockproof device 33 which then prints a retrograde rotation P around from the A4 axis.
  If the speed of the movement N exerted on the pusher 21 induces a force on the jumper 95 - pin 96, preferably greater than 25N, the shockproof device 33 goes into the disengaged position. This means that the connection between the peg 96 of the reset lever 63 and the notch of the jumper 95 formed on the main part 91 dissociates. Therefore, the translation N of the pusher 21, substantially oriented towards the core 59, only induces the rotation P of the main part 91 of the shockproof device 33 in the retrograde direction. The rotation P of the main part 91 is limited when the finger 92 meets the end of the groove 94 as shown in FIG. figure 8 .
  Preferably, at this stage or substantially before, a collar 131 of the pusher 21 abuts against the housing 11 of the timepiece 1 which more surely limits the stroke of the pusher 21. As an alternative or complementary element , it can also be provided a limit stop of the striking zone 93. At any time, when the pusher 21 is released, the relaxation force of the jumper 95 brings it back to the ankle 96. The shockproof device 33 and allows to protect the kinematics attached to the reset lever 63 and is automatically repositioned mechanically.
  If the speed of the movement N exerted on the pusher 21 induces a force on the jumper 95 - pin 96, preferably less than 25 N, the shockproof device 33 remains in the normal position and, in a third step, transmits to the delivery lever at zero 63 his movement. The resetting lever 63 is driven in the same retrograde rotation P around the axis A4 and, incidentally, its finger 83 and its arm 81.
  In a fourth step, the arm 81, by its movement ○ substantially oriented towards the cores 55, 57 and 59, comes into contact with the second roller of the post 66 and begins to train. By the kinematics of the resetting device 25, the movement ○ of the arm 81 of the reset lever 63 is successively translated by the movements L '(substantially opposite to L explained above) of the tenon 66, K' of the tenon 64 (substantially inverse to K explained above) and H 'of the hammer rocker 65 (substantially reverse to H explained above). However, the hammer rocker 65 is in a stable position by contacting the roller of its peg 72 against the lateral face 88 of the jumper 67, it exerts a counteracting force to the movement ○.
  Advantageously, during the start of the rotation P of the reset lever 63 (that is to say before the fourth step), the force feedback on the pusher 21 felt by the user is generated mainly by the relative displacement of the tip 125 of the intermediate lever 121, which is driven according to the movement R around the axis A1 by the reset lever 63 by means of the finger assembly 126 - groove 124, relative to the jumper 123.
  At the beginning of the fourth step, the thrust force on the pusher 21 must therefore counteract the conjugate antagonistic efforts exerted mainly by the spacing J of the jumper 123 with respect to the tip 125 and the spacing M of the vertical portion 82 of the jumper 67 with respect to the ankle 72.
  Preferably to two thirds of the race of the reset lever 63, the fifth step is initiated. It corresponds to the moment when the roller of the peg 72 of the rocker 65 exceeds the common edge between the upper face 86 and the lateral face 88 of the vertical part 82 of the jumper 67. Indeed, at this moment, the movement N of the pusher 21 no longer requires the jumper 67 to move away according to the movement M but on the contrary allows that the jumper 67 tends to return to the equilibrium position.
  Therefore substantially at the beginning of the fifth step, the hammer rocker 65 is no longer displaced by the force exerted on the pusher 21 but substantially by the force exerted by the rotation. trigonometric relaxation of the vertical portion 82 of the jumper 67 about the axis A5. The end of the movement path (H ', K', L ') of the reset device 25 is then "automatically" performed.
  As visible at figure 7 at the end of the fifth step, the arm 81 of the reset lever 63 is no longer in contact with the second roller of the post 66 of the hammer 61 and the peg of the peg 72 of the hammer rocker 65 seat against the upper part 86 of the jumper 67. The movement of the rocker 65 has driven directly the pin 64 of the hammer 61 according to the translation K 'in the light 100 and, indirectly, the second pin 66 of the hammer 61 according to the translation L' in the light 102 so that the hammer 61 has contacted the cores 55, 57 and 59. The resetting device 25 is therefore activated again.
  The double-arm configuration 60, 62 of the hammer 61 as explained above makes it possible to improve the balancing of the striking forces of the cores 55, 57, 59 by the stops 54, 56, 58 of the hammer 61. Moreover, advantageously the striking forces are no longer dependent on the force exerted on the pusher 21 but on the relaxation force of the jumper 67.
  It is therefore understood that at the end of the fifth step, the chronograph mechanism 7 is deactivated and its indicator device 17 reset. Nevertheless, at any time, if the force exerted on the pusher 21 induces a force on the jumper 95 - pin 96 which substantially exceeds 25 N, the reset lever 63 is no longer driven by the shockproof device 33.
  The shockproof devices 33 and 35 thus protect the chronograph mechanism 7 against the violent actuations of the pushers 19 and 21. The devices 33 and 35 protect the chronograph mechanism 7 also in the case where the two pushers 119 and 21 are actuated at the same time . Indeed, one 19 will tend to make inactive the reset system 25 and the other 21, tend to make active the same system. Thanks to the devices 33 and 35, as soon as at least one of the links 116 - 115 and 95 - 96 reaches its predetermined stress threshold, preferentially equal to 25 N, it disengages and leaves the other control of the reset device 25. Similarly, the castellated wheel 48 of the column wheel 45 is not likely to be damaged by a violent support the finger 83 of the reset lever 63.
  We can also see figure 7 that the force equalization device 37 is in its furthest position relative to that of equilibrium visible at the figure 3 . It can be seen in particular that the relative displacement of the tip 125 of the intermediate lever 121 relative to the jumper 123 has been entirely achieved by the movement of the intermediate lever 121. This is made possible by the movement of its finger 122 in the groove 120 arranged on the control 41.
  Advantageously, a simple release of the pusher 21 will mechanically release the stress between the tip 125 of the intermediate lever 121 and the jumper 123. The effort equalization device 37 then tends to return to its equilibrium position and causes its displacement. the reset lever 63 by the finger assembly 126 - groove 124 and, incidentally, the main piece 91 by the ankle assembly 96
• jumper 95.

The chronograph mechanism 7 is therefore found again in its configuration of the figure 3 . The chronograph mechanism 7 is therefore inactive, the resetting device 25 is in its stable active position, the force equalization device 37 is in its equilibrium position and the kinematics connected to the pushers 19 and 21 in their position. rest position.

Preferably, so that the feel of the pushers 19 and 21 are substantially equivalent over time, the uncoupling force of the jumper assemblies 115/95 - peg 116/96 of the shockproof device 35/33 is greater than that of the assembly 125 - jumper 123 which is, itself, greater than that of the sets of ankle 72 - 86/88 faces of the jumper 67.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example but is susceptible of various variations and modifications that will occur to those skilled in the art. In particular, the mounting of the light assemblies 47 - pin 49 and / or finger 68 - groove 69 can be reversed without the operation of the timepiece 1 is affected. This is of course valid for other sets of sets of the timepiece.

In addition, the movements B, N actuating the pushers 19, 21 can not be limited to a translation, any movement and / or control member other than a pusher can be envisaged.

To simplify the timepiece 1, it can also be envisaged that one of the two pushers 19, 21 control, that is to say, directly push their associated functions, that is to say without anti-shock device 35 , 33 intermediate.

The use of rollers can not be limited to the example of the figures as explained above but any timepiece may comprise less or more and / or different configuration (diameter of the axis on which it is mounted, thickness of the roller, etc.).

In order to make each state of the column wheel 45 stable, it may be provided a jumper which cooperates with one of its teeth. In addition, the initiation of the second time can be performed before or after two-thirds of the stroke of the control 41. Similarly, the initiation of the second time can be performed before or after two-thirds of the stroke of the lever reset 63.

Finally, a cam may be fitted on the end of the hammer rocker 65 which comes into contact with the peg of the peg 51 in order to modify the evolution and the intensity of the force required to pivot said hammer lever by the command 41.

Claims (12)

Timepiece (1) comprising a housing (11) in which are mounted systems (3, 5, 7, 9) for operating said workpiece and controlled by control members (15, 21, 19) projecting of said housing characterized in that at least one of the control members (15, 19, 21) cooperates with an anti-shock device (33, 35) mounted in the housing (11) and for decoupling said at least one control member ( 15, 19, 21) of each of the systems to which it is attached when a force greater than a predetermined threshold is exerted on said at least one control member. Timepiece (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that each anti-shock device (33, 35) comprises a mechanical connection which is reversibly decoupling when a force corresponding to said predetermined threshold is subjected to it. Timepiece (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said at least one control member is mounted in translation on the housing (11). Timepiece (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said at least one control member is rotatably mounted on the housing (11). Timepiece (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the anti-shock device (33, 35) comprises a main part (91, 111) mounted in the housing (11) in the same way ( A4, A1) than the portion (63, 41) of each of the systems (25, 23) to which it is attached. Timepiece (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the main part (91, 111) cooperates with said each of the systems (25, 23) to which it is attached by means of said mechanical connection which is of the type to sliding. Timepiece (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the sliding type connection comprises a jumper (95, 115) elastically mounted relative to an ankle (96, 116). Timepiece (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two control members (19, 21) of the pusher type which control a system of the chronograph mechanism type (7), each of the pushers (19, 21) comprising an anti-shock device (35, 33) for protecting the chronograph mechanism (7). Timepiece (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises a force equalization device (37) connecting the two pushers (19, 21) in order to maintain a difference in resistance to pressure. depressing said pushers substantially equivalent over time. Timepiece (1) according to claim 9 characterized in that the force equalization device (37) comprises a rocker (121) for spacing (J) a jumper (123) to allow the supply of a substantially equivalent resistance to driving force for the two pushers (19, 21). Timepiece (1) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the resistance force of the force equalization device (37) is less than said predetermined threshold force required to disengage each shockproof device (33, 35). Timepiece (1) according to one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that the decoupling force of the mechanical connection is substantially equal to 25 N to prevent any deterioration of each of the systems.

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