EP2067620A2 - Method for drying a multicolour printed material - Google Patents
Method for drying a multicolour printed material Download PDFInfo
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- EP2067620A2 EP2067620A2 EP08105788A EP08105788A EP2067620A2 EP 2067620 A2 EP2067620 A2 EP 2067620A2 EP 08105788 A EP08105788 A EP 08105788A EP 08105788 A EP08105788 A EP 08105788A EP 2067620 A2 EP2067620 A2 EP 2067620A2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/044—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations
- B41F23/0463—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by convection
- B41F23/0466—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by convection by using heated air
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/10—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a liquid developer
- G03G15/11—Removing excess liquid developer, e.g. by heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/0403—Drying webs
- B41F23/0406—Drying webs by radiation
- B41F23/0409—Ultraviolet dryers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/0403—Drying webs
- B41F23/0406—Drying webs by radiation
- B41F23/0413—Infrared dryers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/0403—Drying webs
- B41F23/0423—Drying webs by convection
- B41F23/0426—Drying webs by convection using heated air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/044—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/044—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations
- B41F23/045—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by radiation
- B41F23/0453—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by radiation by ultraviolet dryers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/044—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations
- B41F23/045—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by radiation
- B41F23/0456—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by radiation by infrared dryers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for drying printed material, for example printed paper sheets, paper or fabric webs or plastic films, labels, etc.
- IR-absorptive inks can be dried by using a two-dimensional array of IR laser diodes while taking into account the image content, without specifying how to do this.
- a paper sheet or a web is dried by means of a one- or two-dimensional array of radiation sources.
- z. B. are used for presetting the ink fountain openings in offset printing machines, also used to dry the substrate depending on the image content. Accordingly, no sensors are required to recognize the color assignment in the print image.
- the control and control effort required to control the light sources or groups of light sources in the dryer according to the image content is of an acceptable order of magnitude because image data of reduced resolution are used and not every print dot or pixel of the rasterized bitmap must be addressed individually. The same applies to the optical effort required to focus the radiation sources on the surface of the printing substrate.
- the image data of low resolution does not necessarily correspond to the pitch of the radiation sources of the array.
- the "coarse" image data taken over by the prepress are converted into data with a further reduced resolution only in a second step, wherein the further reduced resolution corresponds to the pitch of the radiation sources.
- the advantage of this two-stage process is that data supplied by the prepress stage can be used uniformly for completely different setting or working processes in the printing press, ie multiple times.
- the radiation sources of the Arrays may be, for example, the face of waveguides or semiconductor emitters such as light or laser diodes.
- the wavelength of the radiation required for the drying process is selected: z.
- UV radiation for reactive curing inks visible light, which is tailored to the absorption by the pigments of the printed color, for offset inks, or infrared radiation in paints, which IR-absorber are mixed.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram which serves to explain the data flow from the prepress to the printing press with respect to the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is denoted by 1 the workstation on which the imposition of the image to be printed, the so-called impositioning, is performed.
- the data of the printed page are available as vector graphics, which are printed with a resolution of typically 600 dpi z. B. can be output as a proof on a printer, the pixels of the image on the proofer can typically have a color depth of 16 bits.
- These data are used, among other things, as a basis for creating the four printing plates in the colors black, cyan, magenta and yellow, which are used in the FIG. 1 denoted by 4.
- the data in the four color separations are rastered in the so-called raster image processor 2.
- the resolution of the raster pixels in the rasterized color separation is typically 2400 dpi, so is much finer, since each pixel corresponding to the color depth in a different number of Raster pixels is decomposed.
- the raster image data are transferred to a plate-setter 3, a so-called "computer-to-plate” device, in which the four printing plates in the aforementioned primary colors are successively exposed.
- the size and location of the areas to be exposed is different for the four printing plates, as in the example FIG. 2 is shown.
- FIG. 2 shows a colored picture 20 of a well-known German university city on the left side and on the right next to it shown reduced in size the color separations yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and black (B).
- Y yellow
- M magenta
- C cyan
- B black
- the areas to be inked on the corresponding printing plate are shown dark, while the color-free areas are bright.
- a pre-press workstation 5 ( FIG. 1 ), on the basis of the imposed color image, the color separations and the rasterized separations can be created, edited, stored and displayed. It is assumed that the data on this workstation 5 is in the so-called PPF format (print production format), which was generated especially for the exchange of data between the various devices used in the production of printed products. According to the CIP3 / CIP4 standard underlying this format, the generation of a so-called "rough image" (preview image) from the data of the imposed print image is furthermore provided. This thumbnail typically has a much coarser resolution of 50 dpi and is also available in the four color separations.
- the CIP3 / CIP4 specification recommends to use the data of these coarse images for presetting the ink-zone openings, of which each of the four printing units 7a to 7d of the printing press 7 or the inking unit 16a to 16d contained therein ( FIG. 5 ) typically has between 16 and 32 pieces, depending on the format width of the printing press. This is done at the various printing press manufacturers typically in a so-called pre-press interface (PPI) 6.
- PPI pre-press interface
- the data of the roughly resolved thumbnails should also be used for the sheets printed in the printing machine 7 or, in the case of a web-fed printing press, for the printed web Depending on the image to dry, ie to apply at the sites with radiation, where actually ink is located.
- FIG. 5 illustrated schematic diagram of a typical four-color sheetfed press with downstream coating unit too.
- the FIG. 5 shows an offset printing machine 7 in a row construction with a feeder 9, in which the unprinted paper stack is, as well as four printing units 7a to 7d for the four primary colors.
- Each printing unit has an impression cylinder 13a, a blanket cylinder 14a, a plate cylinder 15a and an inking unit 16a, these assemblies being provided with reference numerals only for the first printing unit 7a.
- Transferters 21a to 21d between the printing units transport the printed sheets from one printing unit to the next.
- the fourth printing unit 7d is followed by a coating unit 7e of the type "chambered doctor blade", ie it has a screen cell roller 19e and a chamber doctor blade 20e.
- 22e is a so-called "anilox roll star", which contains three further anilox rollers with different cup size, against which the anilox roller 19e can be exchanged, in order to determine the amount of lacquer to be applied in this way.
- the coating unit 7e the printed sheet of the paint application cylinder 21e is coated over its entire surface with a varnish or printed with spot varnish, depending on the type of varnish plate used (blanket or flexo-form).
- the coating unit 7e is followed by a drying tower 7f.
- this drying tower the sheet transported through is dried in the area of the cylinder 37f by hot air and infrared radiation, if e.g. B. aqueous dispersion varnish in the coating unit 7e is applied to the printed sheets.
- the printing machine 7 is to print with so-called UV inks, d. H. Colors that do not oxidize oxidatively, as in offset printing, by the action of heat or infrared radiation and by being smashed into the paper, but rather colors that are cured by exposure to ultraviolet light.
- Such inks and offset printing machines which are specially equipped for printing with UV inks, are known per se.
- a so-called intermediate deck dryer 17a to 17d which provides the required UV radiation, is arranged in the sheet transport path above the counter-pressure cylinders 13a to 13d.
- Such an intermediate deck dryer 17e is also located above the impression cylinder 13e of the coating unit 7e.
- UV spot varnish can be dried, and in the same way print image, d. H. in this case paint image dependent, as in the insects catdecktrocknern 17a to d.
- the drying tower 7f downstream of the coating unit 7e can be activated, which contains a hot air dryer 27a, with which the water vapor is expelled from the water paint.
- additional dryer 110a and 110b may be provided as known per se and generally customary in the region of the chain guide of the boom. These may be, for example, infrared dryers or UV dryers, depending on the nature of the printed colors or paints, in order to dry them even further before being deposited on the delivery stack 12. These dryers 110a and 110b are typically formed as bays, so that different types of dryers can be used as needed at the location.
- the intermediate deck dryers 17a to 17e are formed as shown in FIGS. 6a to c described. They each contain a closed and inert gas, z. B. N 2 , rinsed housing 118 each one or more array (s) 119 of UV lamps. These are light-emitting diodes 119a to n, which emit ultraviolet radiation in a wavelength range of 370 to 385 nanometers, as they are needed for the activation of photoinitiators, with their help polymerize the UV inks. These photoinitiators, such. B. Lucirin® TPO, which is offered by BASF AG in Ludwigshafen, Germany, have an absorption maximum in the wavelength range of 380 nanometers.
- UV diodes in this spectral range are currently offered with powers in a range between several microwatts to several watts and can be obtained, for example, from the company Roithner Lasertechnik in Vienna, Austria.
- UV diodes have typical housing dimensions of 3 or 5 millimeters in diameter, as far as they are single diodes and can be obtained with different beam divergences 120.
- each intermediate deck dryer associated and in FIG. 5 for the sake of clarity schematically drawn as a block diagram control computer 122, whose function will be described later.
- the housing 118 is made of solid aluminum ribbed in the area of the LED array 119 in order to ensure good cooling of the LEDs 119a to n of the array.
- the LEDs 119 a to n are used in thermal contact in bores of an intermediate plate 118.
- the LEDs 119a to n are protected by both sides projecting strips 118b and 118c against contamination, wherein the effluent from the slot between the strips inert gas N 2 prevents the penetration of paint mist or moisture in the space in front of the front side of the LEDs 119a to n.
- the strips 118b and 118c a z. B. removable radiation window may be appropriate, which protects the end faces of the LEDs 119a to 119n against contamination.
- the intermediate deck dryer 218 It is also possible to arrange a plurality of rows of LEDs 219a to n, 219b to n in the intermediate deck dryer 218. If several rows of LEDs, for example, 50 rows in the transport direction of the printed sheet are arranged one behind the other, that corresponding LEDs lie on a line, the same pixels of the printed image can be repeatedly irradiated in succession, so as to increase the performance of the dryer. Furthermore, the beam cone can be uniformed over a suitably selected coverage of the luminous density on the sheet to be dried.
- the distance a, under which the diodes 119a of the LED array 119 are arranged, is 5 millimeters, ie each cell of the auxiliary grid is swept with LEDs on by two UV light bars 129a and 129b, which partially overlap, so that the intensity drop of the central axes 130a, 130b of the light bands 129a, 129b is compensated towards the edges.
- each light bar necessary to sweep the auxiliary cell results from the machine speed, ie the speed at which the printed sheet 121 passes under the intermediate deck dryer 117 or under the UV LED array 119, and the On time of the relevant LEDs.
- the arc moves at about 5 meters / second, so that with a 2 millisecond on-time, the length of the lightbars 129a and 129b is 10 millimeters.
- This dose is already sufficient for drying UV inks.
- a higher radiation dose can be achieved by arranging several LED arrays in the sheet transport direction one behind the other.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing essential electronic components for controlling the LED arrays 119 in the intermediate deck dryers 17a-17e and exemplary signal paths for driving individual LEDs in the array of a temporary deck dryer.
- the machine control unit 8 is connected via a data line with the so-called Prepress Interface (PPI) 6 a commercial personal computer or industrial PC with appropriate image analysis software and receives from there for presetting the ink zone openings in the inking units of the printing press the values determined in PPI 6 the color zone openings.
- PPI Prepress Interface
- the motor control which are given these values, is denoted by 31. It provides the control signals for each of the z. B. 32 color zone motors with which each inking unit 16a to 16d in the four printing units 7a to d is equipped.
- the PPI 6 transfers to the machine 32 associated with the intermediate deck dryers the data describing the switching on and off of the LEDs 119a to n of the arrays in the intermediate deck dryers 17a to 17e. These data are related to the respective coordinate system of the four printing plates 4, which are connected to the precursor data after the rasterization of the images by the RIP 2 (see FIG. 1 ) were exposed in the CTP device 3 or should be exposed.
- these data are processed in a machine-specific manner and subsequently to the dryer controllers 122a to 122e in the intermediate deck dryers 17a to 17e to hand over.
- This value is calculated from the angle value ⁇ that the encoder 34 (see FIG FIG. 5 ) to the cylinder 13c, where the main drive of the printing press engages.
- the relative positions of the printing units and transport path differences of the sheets between the individual interconnected via gears printing units 7a-d are stored in the module 32, as well as the spatial assignment of the positions of the individual embdecktrockner 17a to 17e to the machine angle.
- the drying of the printed sheets also depends on the layer thickness of the ink with which they are printed. This can be determined, for example, by means of a test print with corresponding measuring devices. Accordingly, the control module 32 is connected in the machine control 8 with a photometer 33, via which the ink layer thickness ⁇ is measured. The corresponding values are used to preset the intensity of the LEDs 119 a to n in the arrays 119 and 219, respectively. Furthermore, a manual correction option for adjusting the intensity of the LEDs is provided. This may be any input tool, such as a potentiometer 39 or an input z. B. by touch screen on the screen, not shown here, the machine control. 8
- the LEDs 119a to n may be checked with regard to the radiated power emitted by them. This can be done for example by an array of photoreceivers that permanently monitors the radiation power in the area of the LED array 119 or by a regularly z. B. before each print job provided calibration
- the signal curves for the individual LEDs of the arrays 119 and 219 calculated in the PPI 6 for the respective printing plates are then transferred to the dryer controllers 122a to e of the intermediate deck dryer 17a to 17e after appropriate modification by the module 32 of the machine control 8 ,
- the time course of these signals depends on the machine speed v. The same applies to the intensity. Because with slow running machine, the sheet is longer in the range of action of the radiation of the individual LEDs of insects of insects so that the intensity of the UV LEDs can be reduced or the LEDs pulsed with longer pauses between the pulses can be operated.
- the turn-on and turn-off times for the individual LEDs are also controlled by the machine angle that the encoder 34 provides.
- the dryer controls 122a to 122e are also connected to the encoder 34 and are synchronized in this way without the detour via the control module 32 in the machine control 8 directly with the machine angle ⁇ . This ensures that the drying of the printed image takes place register-accurate, even when the machine is started up or shut down, relative to the circumferential register of the printing cylinder.
- an automated offset printing machine usually also has an automatic register control, which acts on the axial position of the printing plate cylinder and consequently is able to move the print image laterally, as well as a diagonal register adjustment.
- an automatic register control acts on the axial position of the printing plate cylinder and consequently is able to move the print image laterally, as well as a diagonal register adjustment.
- the signals .DELTA.x of the register control 36 can also be transferred directly to the dryer controls 122a to 122e. If then z.
- the register control axially shifts the plate cylinder by 5 millimeters and the grid spacing of the LEDs is 2.5 millimeters
- the stored waveforms in the dryer controls 122a-122e “are reversed two LED positions "shifted, ie reassigned by then, for example, the seventh LED with the waveform of the fifth LED is driven, etc.
- the preparation of the control data for the individual LEDs in the Swissdecktrocknern 122a to 122e in the PPI 6 takes place as follows: From the 50 dpi resolved thumbnails for the individual color separations for each UV light emitting diode z. B. 119a to n normalized waveforms over the printing plate length generated.
- the pressure plate is similar as in FIG. 3 provided with an auxiliary grid, the grid elements include, for example, in the axial direction one or more, for example, two LEDs.
- the resolution or the length of the elements of the auxiliary grid does not necessarily have to be the same as in the transverse direction, but, since this resolution is determined by the turn-on time of the LEDs, also z , B. be chosen coarser.
- a finer resolution in the transport direction only makes sense if intent optics are used, since the light fields generated by each LED are usually circular or elliptical.
- the z. B. extends over the entire length of the LED array, also produce a line-shaped focus transverse to the transport direction.
- the resolution in the transport direction can also be chosen to be lower than in the direction transverse thereto.
- control signals for the LEDs are generated from the 50 dpi preview image, which corresponds to about 20 image pixels per centimeter, however, the grid spacing of the LEDs is coarser and, for example, at 2.5 millimeters, several pixels, for example 50 x 50 pixels of the preview image , summarized into a cell and considered this cell as a unit.
- the PPI 6 determines whether at all color components are included for the considered color separation in the respective cell of the auxiliary grid or whether there are set by the imagesetter 3 grid points or were. If this is not the case, then the respective LEDs (s) remain dark for the corresponding time or machine angle interval. In the other case, if at least one grid point in the area of a cell of the Auxiliary grid, the corresponding LED is switched on for the relevant time interval or machine angle interval. In contrast to the Farbzonenvorein too it comes in the dryer control but not on the amount and size of the illuminated on the plate halftone dots, but on whether a grid point is set or not on the printing plate in the respective cell of the auxiliary grid printed sheet a corresponding color point was printed or not.
- each color point requires UV radiation to be dried, the intensity of the LEDs can only be reduced if not only the size of the screen dots, but also their layer thickness decreases. This is usually not the case.
- FIG. 4 There is shown in greatly enlarged form a section of the printed and dried sheet 4m to be dried with single LEDs.
- the spots 171 of the LEDs extend as shown in the figure over many columns of grid points. Although the color coverage at the top of the patch is much larger than at the bottom, the intensity of the LED that produces spot 171 must be maintained to ensure that all swept screen dots are sufficiently dried.
- the halftone dots become so small that the ink layer thickness of the halftone dots decreases in pressure and also the influence of scattered radiation on the curing of the UV Color increases.
- the corresponding functional relationship can also be taken into account in the PPI 6 by calculating the intensity profile I (y), which the PPI 6 calculates location-dependent in the transport direction y of the arc for the individual LEDs, with the image brightness at the relevant location with previously determined and z. B. is stored in a table stored correction values that describe the mentioned functional relationship.
- the radiation sources of adjacent LEDs overlap. It should be noted that not only the intensity in the edge regions of the irradiated field is less than in its center, on the other hand, the irradiation time on the moving arc due to the shorter secant in the edge region of the illuminated spot 171 is smaller. Therefore, it is advisable to choose the auxiliary grid so that the Cells of the auxiliary grid is smaller than the light spot generated by the respective LED, at least as far as the dimensions are perpendicular to the direction of movement.
- the invention has been described above with reference to LED diodes which emit UV light to dry sheets printed with UV inks.
- LED diodes which emit UV light to dry sheets printed with UV inks.
- arrays of radiation sources that emit infrared radiation when, for example, the wavelength of the infrared radiation is tuned to absorber substances admixed with the ink.
- the invention has been described with reference to intermediate deck dryers associated with each printing unit.
- a dryer after the z. B. four printing units to dry the printed ink in total.
- these may be the dryer trays present in the delivery 10, which in the case are designed as final UV dryers, either with individually controllable UV light sources, in order to dry image content-dependent, or optionally also over the entire surface.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Supply, Installation And Extraction Of Printed Sheets Or Plates (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von bedrucktem Material, beispielsweise bedruckten Papierbögen, Papier- oder Stoffbahnen oder auch Kunststofffolien, Etiketten etc.The invention relates to a method and a device for drying printed material, for example printed paper sheets, paper or fabric webs or plastic films, labels, etc.
Insbesondere bei Mehrfarbdruck ist es schwierig, den Bedruckstoff schnell und effektiv zu trocknen, bevor er entweder mit der nächsten Farbe bedruckt oder durch einen Lackauftrag veredelt wird oder in der Druckmaschine zum Zwecke des Bedruckens der Rückseite gewendet wird. Denn aufgrund der relativ kurzen Zeit, in denen der Bedruckstoff zwischen den Druckwerken verweilt, ist es nicht einfach, die erforderliche Strahlungsleistung auf den Bedruckstoff einwirken zu lassen, ohne das Druckbild z. B. durch Überhitzung zu schädigen.In particular, in multi-color printing, it is difficult to dry the substrate quickly and effectively, before it is either printed with the next color or finished by a paint job or is turned in the printing press for the purpose of printing the back. Because due to the relatively short time in which the substrate dwells between the printing units, it is not easy to let the required radiation power act on the substrate, without the printed image z. B. damage by overheating.
Es ist schon vorgeschlagen worden, die Trocknerleistung in der Form herabzusetzen, dass nur die tatsächlich mit Farbe bedeckten Teile des Bedruckstoffs bestrahlt werden. So ist beispielsweise in der
In der
Aus der
Des Weiteren ist aus der Patentanmeldung
Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem Bedruckstoffe schnell und effektiv getrocknet werden können.It is the object of the present invention to provide a method by which printing materials can be dried quickly and effectively.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved with the features specified in claim 1.
Der Bedruckstoff, d. h. das Material, also z. B. ein Papierbogen oder eine Materialbahn, wird mit Hilfe eines ein- oder zweidimensionalen Arrays von Strahlungsquellen getrocknet. Hierbei werden bereits in der Druckvorstufe erzeugte Bilddaten geringer Auflösung, wie sie z. B. zur Voreinstellung der Farbzonenöffnungen bei Offsetdruckmaschinen verwendet werden, auch dazu benutzt, um den Bedruckstoff abhängig vom Bildinhalt zu trocknen. Entsprechend sind keine Sensoren erforderlich, um die Farbbelegung im Druckbild erst zu erkennen. Des Weiteren ist der steuerungs- und regelungstechnische Aufwand, der vonnöten ist um die Lichtquellen bzw. Gruppen von Lichtquellen im Trockner entsprechend dem Bildinhalt zu steuern, in einer akzeptablen Größenordnung, weil Bilddaten mit reduzierter Auflösung verwendet werden und nicht jeder Druckpunkt bzw. jedes Pixel der gerasterten Bitmap einzeln adressiert werden muss. Das gleiche gilt für den optischen Aufwand, der erforderlich ist, um die Strahlungsquellen auf die Oberfläche des Bedruckstoffs zu fokussieren.The substrate, d. H. the material, so z. As a paper sheet or a web, is dried by means of a one- or two-dimensional array of radiation sources. Here are already generated in the pre-press image data low resolution, as z. B. are used for presetting the ink fountain openings in offset printing machines, also used to dry the substrate depending on the image content. Accordingly, no sensors are required to recognize the color assignment in the print image. Furthermore, the control and control effort required to control the light sources or groups of light sources in the dryer according to the image content is of an acceptable order of magnitude because image data of reduced resolution are used and not every print dot or pixel of the rasterized bitmap must be addressed individually. The same applies to the optical effort required to focus the radiation sources on the surface of the printing substrate.
Die Bilddaten geringer Auflösung müssen nicht zwangsläufig dem Rasterabstand der Strahlungsquellen des Arrays entsprechen. Denn zweckmäßigerweise werden die von der Druckvorstufe übernommenen "groben" Bilddaten erst in einem zweiten Schritt in Daten mit nochmals reduzierter Auflösung umgewandelt, wobei die dann weiter reduzierte Auflösung dem Rasterabstand der Strahlungsquellen entspricht. Der Vorteil dieses zweistufigen Verfahrens liegt darin, dass von der Druckvorstufe gelieferte Daten einheitlich für ganz unterschiedliche Einstell- bzw. Arbeitsvorgänge in der Druckmaschine, d. h. mehrfach, verwendet werden können. Bei den Strahlungsquellen des Arrays kann es sich beispielsweise um die Stirnfläche von Wellenleitern oder Halbleiterstrahlern wie Leucht- oder Laserdioden handeln. Je nach Art der verwendeten Farbe wird die Wellenlänge der für den Trocknungsprozess benötigten Strahlung gewählt: z. B. UV-Strahlung für reaktiv aushärtende Farben, sichtbares Licht, das auf die Absorption durch die Pigmente der verdruckten Farbe abgestimmt ist, für Offsetfarben, oder Infrarotstrahlung bei Farben, denen IR-Absorber zugemischt sind.The image data of low resolution does not necessarily correspond to the pitch of the radiation sources of the array. For expediently, the "coarse" image data taken over by the prepress are converted into data with a further reduced resolution only in a second step, wherein the further reduced resolution corresponds to the pitch of the radiation sources. The advantage of this two-stage process is that data supplied by the prepress stage can be used uniformly for completely different setting or working processes in the printing press, ie multiple times. At the radiation sources of the Arrays may be, for example, the face of waveguides or semiconductor emitters such as light or laser diodes. Depending on the type of color used, the wavelength of the radiation required for the drying process is selected: z. As UV radiation for reactive curing inks, visible light, which is tailored to the absorption by the pigments of the printed color, for offset inks, or infrared radiation in paints, which IR-absorber are mixed.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der
In
Die Größe und Lage der zu belichtenden Bereiche ist für die vier Druckplatten unterschiedlich, wie das in dem Beispiel nach
Noch zur Druckvorstufe gehört ebenfalls eine Arbeitsstation 5 (
Die CIP3/CIP4-Spezifikation empfiehlt, die Daten dieser Grobbilder zur Voreinstellung der Farbzonenöffnungen zu verwenden, von denen jedes der vier Druckwerke 7a bis 7d der Druckmaschine 7 bzw. das darin enthaltene Farbwerk 16a bis 16d (
Gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung sollen die Daten der grob aufgelösten Vorschaubilder auch dazu verwendet werden, die in der Druckmaschine 7 bedruckten Bögen oder - im Falle einer Rollendruckmaschine - der bedruckten Bahn bildabhängig zu trocknen, d. h. im Wesentlichen an den Stellen mit Strahlung zu beaufschlagen, an denen sich auch tatsächlich Druckfarbe befindet.According to an embodiment of the present invention, the data of the roughly resolved thumbnails should also be used for the sheets printed in the
Bevor dies im Einzelnen näher erläutert wird, wenden wir uns der in
Auf das Lackwerk 7e folgt ein Trockenturm 7f. In diesem Trockenturm wird der hindurchtransportierte Bogen im Bereich des Zylinders 37f durch Heißluft und Infrarotstrahlung getrocknet, wenn z. B. wässriger Dispersionslack im Lackwerk 7e auf die bedruckten Bögen aufgetragen wird.The
Auf den Trockner 7f folgt der Ausleger 10 der Druckmaschine. Darin laufen Greiferbrücken mittels einer Kettenführung 11 um. Diese Greiferbrücken 18 übernehmen die lackierten Bogen und führen sie unter Trocknereinschüben 110a bis b hindurch, wo die Bögen nochmals mit Infrarotstrahlung und/oder Heißluft getrocknet werden und dabei der aufgetragene Lack verfestigt wird. Die so getrockneten Bögen werden anschließend im Ausleger 10 auf dem Bogenstapel 12 abgelegt.On the
Im beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel soll die Druckmaschine 7 mit sogenannten UV-Farben drucken, d. h. Farben, die nicht wie im Offsetdruck üblich oxydativ durch Einwirkung von Wärme oder Infrarotstrahlung sowie durch das Wegschlagen ins Papier trocknen, sondern Farben, die durch das Bestrahlen mit ultraviolettem Licht ausgehärtet werden. Derartige Farben und Offsetdruckmaschinen, die speziell für das Drucken mit UV-Farben ausgerüstet sind, sind an sich bekannt. Zur Trocknung der Farben ist im Bogentransportpfad über den Gegendruckzylindern 13a bis 13d jeweils ein sogenannter Zwischendecktrockner 17a bis 17d angeordnet, der die benötigte UV-Strahlung bereitstellt. Ein solcher Zwischendecktrockner 17e befindet sich auch über dem Gegendruckzylinder 13e des Lackwerks 7e. Mit diesem Zwischendecktrockner 17e kann beispielsweise UV-Spotlack getrocknet werden und zwar in gleicher Weise druckbild-, d. h. in diesem Fall lackbildabhängig, wie in den Zwischendecktrocknern 17a bis d.In the described embodiment, the
Für den Fall, dass im Lackwerk 7e Wasserlack verdruckt wird, der beispielsweise auch ganzflächig über das Druckbild aufgetragen wird, kann der dem Lackwerk 7e nachgeordnete Trockenturm 7f aktiviert werden, der einen Heißlufttrockner 27a enthält, mit dem der Wasserdampf aus dem Wasserlack ausgetrieben wird.In the event that 7e water paint is printed in the coating unit, which is also applied over the entire surface over the printed image, the drying
Zur weiteren Trocknung der bedruckten und lackierten Bögen können wie an sich bekannt und allgemein üblich in dem Bereich der Kettenführung des Auslegers 10 zusätzliche Trockner 110a und 110b vorgesehen sein. Hierbei kann es sich beispielsweise um Infrarottrockner oder UV-Trockner handeln, je nach Art der verdruckten Farben bzw. Lacke, um diese vor dem Ablegen auf dem Auslagestapel 12 noch weiter zu trocknen. Diese Trockner 110a und 110b sind typischerweise als Einschübe ausgebildet, so dass an der Stelle unterschiedliche Trocknertypen nach Bedarf eingesetzt werden können.For further drying of the printed and varnished
In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sind die Zwischendecktrockner 17a bis 17e ausgebildet, wie anhand von
UV-Dioden in diesem Spektralbereich werden derzeit mit Leistungen in einem Bereich zwischen mehreren Mikrowatt bis mehreren Watt angeboten und können beispielsweise über die Firma Roithner Lasertechnik in Wien, Österreich bezogen werden. UV-Dioden haben typische Gehäuseabmessungen von 3 oder 5 Millimetern im Durchmesser, soweit es sich um Einzeldioden handelt und können mit unterschiedlichen Strahldivergenzen 120 bezogen werden. Mit solchen Dioden lassen sich lineare Arrays aus einzeln adressierbaren UV-Lichtquellen aufbauen, die ohne spezielle Vorsatzoptik bei einem Arbeitsabstand von mehreren Zentimetern Leuchtflecke von d = ca. 3 bis 10 Millimetern Durchmesser auf dem bedruckten Bogen 121 erzeugen, so dass der unter solch einem Array hindurchlaufende Bogen 121 seitenbreit mit Überdeckung bestrahlt werden kann.UV diodes in this spectral range are currently offered with powers in a range between several microwatts to several watts and can be obtained, for example, from the company Roithner Lasertechnik in Vienna, Austria. UV diodes have typical housing dimensions of 3 or 5 millimeters in diameter, as far as they are single diodes and can be obtained with
Im Gehäuse 118 ist auch die Elektronik 123 zur Ansteuerung der Leuchtdioden 119a bis n untergebracht, sowie der jedem Zwischendecktrockner zugeordnete und in
Es lassen sich auch mehrere Reihen von LEDs 219a bis n, 219b bis n in dem Zwischendecktrockner 218 anordnen. Wenn mehrere Reihen von LEDs beispielsweise 50 Reihen in Transportrichtung des bedruckten Bogens hintereinander so angeordnet werden, dass entsprechende LEDs auf einer Linie liegen, lassen sich die gleichen Bildpunkte des Druckbilds nacheinander mehrfach bestrahlen, um so die Leistung des Trockners zu erhöhen. Weiterhin lässt sich über eine geeignet gewählte Überdeckung der Strahlkegel die Leuchtdichte auf dem zu trocknenden Bogen vergleichmäßigen.It is also possible to arrange a plurality of rows of
Letzteres ist anhand von
Eine weitere Vergleichmäßigung lässt sich erzielen, wenn wie in
Die Länge jedes Leuchtbalkens, die nötig ist, um die Hilfszelle zu überstreichen, ergibt sich aus der Maschinengeschwindigkeit, d. h. der Geschwindigkeit, mit der sich der bedruckte Bogen 121 unter dem Zwischendecktrockner 117 bzw. unter dem UV-LED-Array 119 vorbeibewegt, und der Einschaltzeit der betreffenden LEDs. Bei voller Maschinengeschwindigkeit bewegt sich der Bogen mit etwa 5 Metern/Sekunde, so dass sich bei einer Einschaltzeit von 2 Millisekunden die Länge der Leuchtbalken 129a und 129b zu 10 Millimetern ergibt. Benutzt man LEDs, die eine Lichtleistung von 500 mW abgeben, so wird in jede Zelle des Hilfsrasters beim Durchlauf des Bodens UV-Strahlung mit einer Energie von 2 Dioden x zwei Millisekunden x 0,5 Watt = 2 Milliwattsekunden eingetragen, was einer Dosis von 2 mJ/cm2 entspricht. Diese Dosis ist für das Trocknen von UV-Farben bereits ausreichend. Eine höherer Strahlungsdosis lässt sich durch das Anordnen mehrerer LED-Arrays in Bogentransportrichtung hintereinander erreichen.The length of each light bar necessary to sweep the auxiliary cell results from the machine speed, ie the speed at which the printed
Wesentlich für die Funktion der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Synchronisation zwischen der Bewegung des bedruckten Bogens unter den Zwischendecktrocknern 17a bis 17d hindurch mit den An- bzw. Abschaltzeitpunkten der UV-LEDs des Arrays 119 sowie die korrekte Zuordnung der Dioden zum Druckbild in axialer Richtung bezogen auf die Zylinder der Druckmaschine. Dies wird nachstehend im Einzelnen anhand der
Wie schon eingangs bei der Beschreibung der
Im Steuermodul 32 werden diese Daten maschinenspezifisch aufbereitet und anschließend an die Trocknersteuerungen 122a bis 122e in den Zwischendecktrocknern 17a bis 17e übergeben. Hierzu gehört zum einen die Bestimmung des Einsatzzeitpunktes, d. h. des Zeitpunktes, zu dem der erste Bogen z. B. in das Druckwerk 7c einläuft und die Trocknung im zugehörigen Zwischendecktrockner 17c beginnt. Dieser Wert wird aus dem Winkelwert ϕ berechnet, den der Encoder 34 (siehe
Alternativ zu der rechnerischen Zuordnung des Druckbildanfangs über die Maschinenkonstanten ist es natürlich ebenfalls möglich, stattdessen in jedem Druckwerk einen Sensor vorzusehen, über den der Beginn des Druckbilds auf dem unter dem jeweiligen Zwischendecktrockner hindurchbeförderten Bogen oder die Kante des Bogens erkannt wird.As an alternative to the mathematical assignment of the print image beginning on the machine constants, it is of course also possible to provide a sensor in each printing unit over which the beginning of the printed image is detected on the under the respective Zwischendecktrockner conveyed sheet or the edge of the sheet.
Die Trocknung der bedruckten Bögen hängt außerdem von der Schichtdicke der Farbe ab, mit dem sie bedruckt sind. Diese kann beispielsweise anhand eines Probedrucks mit entsprechenden Messgeräten bestimmt werden. Entsprechend ist das Steuermodul 32 in der Maschinensteuerung 8 mit einem Photometer 33 verbunden, über das die Farbschichtdicke ρ gemessen wird. Die entsprechenden Werte dienen dazu, die Intensität der LEDs 119 a bis n in den Arrays 119 bzw. 219 voreinzustellen. Des Weiteren ist eine manuelle Korrekturmöglichkeit zur Einstellung der Intensität der LEDs vorgesehen. Hierbei kann es sich um ein beliebiges Eingabewerkzeug handeln, beispielsweise ein Potentiometer 39 oder auch um eine Eingabe z. B. per Touchscreen auf dem hier nicht dargestellten Bildschirm der Maschinensteuerung 8.The drying of the printed sheets also depends on the layer thickness of the ink with which they are printed. This can be determined, for example, by means of a test print with corresponding measuring devices. Accordingly, the
Außerdem kann es zweckmäßig sein, die LEDs 119a bis n hinsichtlich der von ihnen abgegebenen Strahlungsleistung zu überprüfen. Dies kann beispielsweise durch ein Array von Photoempfängern geschehen, das die Strahlungsleistung im Bereich des LED-Arrays 119 permanent überwacht oder durch einen regelmäßig z. B. vor jedem Druckjob vorgesehenen KalibriervorgangIn addition, it may be appropriate to check the
An die Trocknersteuerungen 122a bis e der Zwischendecktrockner 17a bis 17e werden sodann wie in dem vereinfachten Schaubild dargestellt die im PPI 6 für die jeweiligen Druckplatten berechneten Signalverläufe für die einzelnen LEDs der Arrays 119 bzw. 219 nach entsprechender Modifizierung durch das Modul 32 der Maschinensteuerung 8 übergeben. Der zeitliche Verlauf dieser Signale hängt allerdings von der Maschinengeschwindigkeit v ab. Gleiches gilt für die Intensität. Denn bei langsam laufender Maschine befindet sich der Druckbogen länger im Einwirkungsbereich der Strahlung der einzelnen LEDs der Zwischendecktrockner, so dass die Intensität der UV-Leuchtdioden vermindert oder die LEDs gepulst mit längeren Pausenzeiten zwischen den Pulsen betrieben werden können.As shown in the simplified diagram, the signal curves for the individual LEDs of the
Innerhalb des Trocknungszyklus für einen Bogen werden die An- und Abschaltzeitpunkte für die einzelnen LEDs ebenfalls über den Maschinenwinkel gesteuert, den der Encoder 34 liefert. Hierzu sind die Trocknersteuerungen 122a bis 122e ebenfalls an den Encoder 34 angeschlossen und werden auf diese Weise ohne den Umweg über das Steuermodul 32 in der Maschinensteuerung 8 direkt mit dem Maschinenwinkel ϕ synchronisiert. Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, dass auch bei einem Anfahren bzw. Herunterfahren der Maschine die Trocknung des Druckbildes registergenau erfolgt, bezogen auf das Umfangsregister der Druckzylinder.Within the drying cycle for an arc, the turn-on and turn-off times for the individual LEDs are also controlled by the machine angle that the
Darüber hinaus besitzt eine automatisierte Offsetdruckmaschine in der Regel auch eine automatische Registersteuerung, die auf die axiale Lage der Druckplattenzylinder einwirkt und demzufolge das Druckbild seitlich zu verschieben vermag, sowie eine Diagonalregisterverstellung. Um den Einfluss der Registersteuerung 36 auf das druckbildabhängige Trocknen auszuschalten oder zu kompensieren, was insbesondere dann wichtig ist, wenn die bildabhängige Trocknung mit hoher Auflösung erfolgt, können die Signale Δ x der Registersteuerung 36 ebenfalls direkt an die Trocknersteuerungen 122a bis 122e übergeben werden. Wenn dann z. B. die Registersteuerung den Plattenzylinder um 5 Millimeter axial verschiebt und der Rasterabstand der LEDs 2,5 Millimeter beträgt, werden die gespeicherten Signalverläufe in den Trocknersteuerungen 122a bis 122e "um zwei LED-Positionen" verschoben, d. h. neu zugeordnet, indem dann z. B. die siebte LED mit dem Signalverlauf der fünften LED angesteuert wird, etc.In addition, an automated offset printing machine usually also has an automatic register control, which acts on the axial position of the printing plate cylinder and consequently is able to move the print image laterally, as well as a diagonal register adjustment. In order to eliminate or compensate for the influence of the
Die Aufbereitung der Steuerdaten für die einzelnen LEDs in den Zwischendecktrocknern 122a bis 122e im PPI 6 findet folgendermaßen statt: Aus den mit 50 dpi aufgelösten Vorschaubildern für die einzelnen Farbauszüge werden für jede UV-Leuchtdiode z. B. 119a bis n normierte Signalverläufe über die Druckplattenlänge generiert. Hierzu wird die Druckplatte ähnlich wie in
Im vorliegenden Falle gehen wir von gleicher Auflösung in beiden Koordinatenrichtungen aus. Da die Steuersignale für die LEDs aus dem 50 dpi-Vorschaubild generiert werden, was etwa 20 Bildpixeln pro Zentimeter entspricht, der Rasterabstand der LEDs jedoch gröber ist und beispielsweise bei 2,5 Millimetern liegt, werden mehrere Pixel, beispielsweise 50 x 50 Bildpunkte des Vorschaubildes, zu einer Zelle zusammengefasst und diese Zelle als Einheit betrachtet.In the present case we assume the same resolution in both coordinate directions. Since the control signals for the LEDs are generated from the 50 dpi preview image, which corresponds to about 20 image pixels per centimeter, however, the grid spacing of the LEDs is coarser and, for example, at 2.5 millimeters, several pixels, for example 50 x 50 pixels of the preview image , summarized into a cell and considered this cell as a unit.
Sodann wird im PPI 6 ermittel, ob für den betrachteten Farbauszug in der jeweiligen Zelle des Hilfsrasters überhaupt Farbanteile enthalten sind bzw. ob dort vom Belichter 3 überhaupt Rasterpunkte gesetzt werden bzw. wurden. Ist das nicht der Fall, so bleiben die betreffenden LED(s) für das entsprechende Zeit- bzw. Maschinenwinkelintervall dunkel. Im anderen Fall, wenn sich mindestens ein Rasterpunkt im Bereich einer Zelle des Hilfsrasters befindet, wird die entsprechende LED für das betreffende Zeitintervall oder Maschinenwinkelintervall angeschaltet. Im Gegensatz zur Farbzonenvoreinstellung kommt es bei der Trocknersteuerung jedoch nicht auf die Menge und Größe der auf die Platte belichteten Rasterpunkte an, sondern darauf, ob bei der Belichtung auf der Druckplatte in der jeweiligen Zelle des Hilfsrasters ein Rasterpunkt gesetzt ist oder nicht bzw. auf dem bedruckten Bogen ein entsprechender Farbpunkt gedruckt wurde oder nicht. Denn da jeder Farbpunkt UV-Strahlung benötigt, um getrocknet zu werden, kann die Intensität der LEDs nur dann vermindert werden, wenn nicht nur die Größe der Rasterpunkte, sondern auch deren Schichtdicke abnimmt. Das ist in der Regel nicht der Fall. Deutlich wird das anhand der vereinfachten Skizze nach
Eine Verringerung der Intensität, mit der die LEDs strahlen bzw. der Pulsdauer bei gepulst betriebenen LEDs, ist allerdings dann möglich, wenn die Rasterpunkte so klein werden, dass die Farbschichtdicke der Rasterpunkte im Druck abnimmt und außerdem der Einfluss von Streustrahlung auf die Härtung der UV-Farbe zunimmt. Der entsprechende funktionale Zusammenhang kann ebenfalls im PPI 6 berücksichtigt werden, indem der Intensitätsverlauf I (y), den das PPI 6 ortsabhängig in Transportrichtung y des Bogens für die einzelnen LEDs berechnet, mit der Bildhelligkeit an der betreffenden Stelle mit vorher ermittelten und z. B. in einer Tabelle gespeicherten Korrekturwerten versehen wird, die den angesprochenen funktionalen Zusammenhang beschreiben.However, a reduction in the intensity with which the LEDs radiate or the pulse duration in the case of pulsed LEDs is possible if the halftone dots become so small that the ink layer thickness of the halftone dots decreases in pressure and also the influence of scattered radiation on the curing of the UV Color increases. The corresponding functional relationship can also be taken into account in the
Wie vorstehend schon ausgeführt überlappen die Strahlungsquellen benachbarter LEDs. Hierbei ist zu berücksichtigen, dass nicht nur die Intensität in den Randbereichen des bestrahlten Feldes geringer als in seinem Zentrum ist, andererseits auch die Bestrahldauer auf dem bewegten Bogen wegen der kürzeren Sekante im Randbereich des beleuchteten Spots 171 geringer ausfällt. Deshalb ist es angezeigt, das Hilfsraster so zu wählen, dass die Zellen des Hilfsrasters kleiner als der von der jeweiligen LED erzeugte Leuchtfleck ist, jedenfalls was die Abmessungen senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung anbetrifft.As stated above, the radiation sources of adjacent LEDs overlap. It should be noted that not only the intensity in the edge regions of the irradiated field is less than in its center, on the other hand, the irradiation time on the moving arc due to the shorter secant in the edge region of the illuminated
Vorstehend wurde die Erfindung anhand von LED-Dioden beschrieben, die UV-Licht emittieren, um mit UV-Farben bedruckte Bögen zu trocknen. Es ist jedoch auch möglich und liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dann, wenn mit Offsetfarben gedruckt wird, Lichtquellen bzw. LEDs zu benutzen, die im sichtbaren Wellenlängenbereich strahlen und auf das Absorptionsverhalten der Pigmente der verdruckten Farbe abgestimmt sind. Gleichfalls ist es möglich, Arrays aus Strahlungsquellen zu benutzen, die Infrarotstrahlung emittieren, wenn beispielsweise die Wellenlänge der Infrarotstrahlung auf Absorbersubstanzen abgestimmt ist, die der Druckfarbe beigemischt sind.The invention has been described above with reference to LED diodes which emit UV light to dry sheets printed with UV inks. However, it is also possible and within the scope of the invention, when printed with offset inks, to use light sources or LEDs which radiate in the visible wavelength range and are tuned to the absorption behavior of the pigments of the printed color. Likewise, it is possible to use arrays of radiation sources that emit infrared radiation when, for example, the wavelength of the infrared radiation is tuned to absorber substances admixed with the ink.
Des Weiteren wurde die Erfindung anhand von Zwischendecktrocknern beschrieben, die jedem Druckwerk zugeordnet sind. Es ist jedoch gleichfalls möglich, einen Trockner im Anschluss an die z. B. vier Druckwerke vorzusehen, um die aufgedruckte Farbe insgesamt zu trocknen. In dem Falle ist es nicht erforderlich, die Daten für die einzelnen Farbseparationen einzeln zu verarbeiten. Beispielsweise können das die im Ausleger 10 vorhandenen Trocknereinschübe sein, die in dem Falle als UV-Endtrockner ausgebildet sind, entweder mit einzeln ansteuerbaren UV-Lichtquellen versehen sein, um bildinhaltabhängig zu trocknen, oder gegebenenfalls auch vollflächig.Furthermore, the invention has been described with reference to intermediate deck dryers associated with each printing unit. However, it is also possible to use a dryer after the z. B. four printing units to dry the printed ink in total. In that case it is not necessary to process the data for the individual color separations individually. For example, these may be the dryer trays present in the
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel wird alternativ zum geschilderten Verfahren folgendermaßen vorgegangen:
- In einem ersten Schritt übernimmt das Prepress Interface
PPI vom RIP 2 gegebenenfalls auch sequentiell die Daten des bereits gerasterten Farbbildauszuges in der Auflösung des Rasterbildes von z. B. 2.400 dpi. Anschließend führt das PPI diese hoch aufgelösten Bilddaten direkt in Bilddaten über mit der groben Auflösung, die dem Rasterabstand der Leuchtdioden in etwa entspricht. Hierbei wird so vorgegangen, dass für jede Zelle des entsprechenden groben Hilfsrasters ermittelt wird, ob sich Rasterpunkte in der Hilfszelle befinden und gegebenenfalls, wie groß diese sind, damit wie anhand des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels für das Verfahren beschrieben eine Intensitätsanpassung vorgenommen werden kann. Mit diesen Informationen berechnet der Prozessor des PPI dann die Signalverläufe I (y) für die einzelnen LEDs, speichert diese ab und übergibt sie an die Maschinensteuerung 8, wo die Signalverläufe in solche abhängig vom Maschinenwinkel ϕ transformiert werden. Im Weiteren läuft das Verfahren dann so ab, wie vorstehend anhand des anderen Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben.
- In a first step, the prepress interface PPI from the
RIP 2 optionally also sequentially takes over the data of the already screened color image separation in the resolution of the raster image of z. Eg 2,400 dpi. Subsequently, the PPI translates this high-resolution image data directly into image data with the coarse resolution which approximately corresponds to the pitch of the light-emitting diodes. In this case, the procedure is such that it is determined for each cell of the corresponding coarse auxiliary grid whether grid points are located in the auxiliary cell and, if appropriate, how large these are, as described with reference to the first embodiment for the method, an intensity adjustment can be made. With this information, the processor of the PPI then calculates the signal curves I (y) for the individual LEDs, stores them and transfers them to the machine control 8, where the signal curves are transformed into those depending on the machine angle φ. In addition, the method then proceeds as described above with reference to the other embodiment.
- 11
- Arbeitsstationworkstation
- 22
- RasterimageprozessorRaster Image Processor
- 33
- Plattenbelichterplatesetter
- 44
- Druckplatteprinting plate
- 55
- Arbeitsstationworkstation
- 66
- Prepress InterfacePrepress interface
- 77
- Druckmaschinepress
- 7a - d7a - d
- Druckwerkeprinting units
- 7e7e
- Lackwerkcoating unit
- 7f7f
- Trocknerdryer
- 88th
- Maschinensteuerungmachine control
- 99
- Anlegerinvestor
- 1010
- Auslegerboom
- 1111
- Kettenführungchain guide
- 1212
- Bogenstapelsheet pile
- 13a - e13a - e
- GegendruckzylinderImpression cylinder
- 14a14a
- GummituchzylinderBlanket cylinder
- 15a15a
- Plattenzylinderplate cylinder
- 16a - d16a - d
- Farbwerkinking
- 17a - e17a - e
- ZwischendecktrocknerSteerage dryer
- 1818
- Greiferbrückegripper
- 19e19e
- RasternäpfchenwalzeRasternäpfchenwalze
- 2020
- farbiges Bildcolored picture
- 20e20e
- Kammerrakelchambered doctor blade
- 21e21e
- LackauftragszylinderCoating cylinders
- 22e22e
- RasterwalzensternAnilox roll star
- 27a27a
- HeißlufttrocknerHot air dryer
- 3131
- Motorsteuerungmotor control
- 3232
- Steuermodulcontrol module
- 3333
- Photometerphotometer
- 3434
- Encoderencoder
- 3535
- ./../.
- 3636
- Registersteuerungregister control
- 37f37f
- Zylindercylinder
- 3838
- ./../.
- 3939
- Potentiometerpotentiometer
- 110a - b110a - b
- Trocknereinschubdryer slot
- 117117
- ZwischendecktrocknerSteerage dryer
- 118118
- Gehäusecasing
- 118b - c118b - c
- LeistenAfford
- 119119
- Arrayarray
- 119a - n119a - n
- LeuchtdiodenLEDs
- 120120
- Strahldivergenzenbeam divergences
- 121121
- bedruckter Bogenprinted bow
- 122122
- Steuerrechnertax calculator
- 122a - e122a - e
- Trocknersteuerungdryer control
- 123123
- Steuerelektronikcontrol electronics
- 129a - b129a - b
- UV-LeuchtbalkenUV light bars
- 130a - b130a - b
- Mittelachsecentral axis
- 171171
- Spotcommercial
- 218218
- ZwischendecktrocknerSteerage dryer
- 219219
- LeuchtdiodenLEDs
- ρρ
- FarbschichtdickeInk layer thickness
- vv
- Maschinengeschwindigkeitmachine speed
- Δ xΔx
- Signalesignals
- II
- Intensitätsverlaufintensity curve
- yy
- Transportrichtungtransport direction
- ϕφ
- Maschinenwinkelmachine angle
- N2 N 2
- Inertgasinert gas
Claims (15)
wobei die hochaufgelösten Bilddaten in einem ersten Schritt in Bilddaten geringerer Auflösung überführt werden und die Bilddaten geringerer Auflösung in einem zweiten Schritt in Daten mit nochmals reduzierter Auflösung umgewandelt werden, die auf das Raster des Strahlungsquellenarrays (119, 219) abgestimmt ist.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the high-resolution image data are converted into lower-resolution image data in a first step, and the second-resolution image data is converted in a second step into further reduced-resolution data matched to the radiation source array (119, 219) grid.
wobei die hochaufgelösten Bilddaten die der gerasterten Farbauszüge sind und die Bilddaten geringerer Auflösung an das Raster des Strahlungsquellenarrays (119, 219) angepasst sind.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the high-resolution image data are those of the screened color separations and the image data of lower resolution are adapted to the grid of the radiation source array (119, 219).
wobei das Druckbild mit unter UV-Strahlung, sichtbarem Licht oder Infrarotstrahlung aushärtender Farbe bedruckt ist und das ein- oder zweidimensionale Strahlungsquellenarray aus den Stirnflächen von Wellenleitern oder aus Halbleiterlichtquellen (119, 219) besteht, die UV-Strahlung, sichtbares Licht oder Infrarotstrahlung emittieren, wobei die Wellenlänge des Lichts bzw. der Strahlung auf in der Farbe enthaltene Bestandteile wie Pigmente, IR-Absorber oder UV-Fotoinitiatoren abgestimmt ist.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the printed image is printed with UV-curing, visible or infrared curing ink and the one or two-dimensional radiation source array consists of the faces of waveguides or semiconductor light sources (119, 219) which emit UV, visible or infrared radiation, wherein the wavelength of the light or the radiation is tuned to components contained in the color such as pigments, IR absorbers or UV photoinitiators.
wobei die Auflösung der Bilddaten des niedriger aufgelösten Farbauszugsbildes oder die Auflösung der Steuerdaten zur Modulation der Intensität der Strahlungsquellen in Transportrichtung des Bedruckstoffes gröber als quer dazu ist.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the resolution of the image data of the lower-resolution color separation image or the resolution of the control data for modulating the intensity of the radiation sources in the transport direction of the printing substrate is coarser than transverse thereto.
wobei ein mehrdimensionales Array oder mehrere einzeln hintereinander angeordnete lineare Arrays von Lichtquellen verwendet sind und in Transportrichtung des Bedruckstoffes hintereinander angeordnete Lichtquellen derart angesteuert werden, dass sie jeweils die gleichen Bildpunkte des Druckbilds bestrahlen.Method according to claim 1,
wherein a multi-dimensional array or a plurality of linearly arranged one behind the other linear arrays of light sources are used and in the transport direction of the printing material successively arranged light sources are driven such that they each irradiate the same pixels of the printed image.
wobei die Intensität der Strahlung der Lichtquellen (119a bis n) kontinuierlich oder in Stufen steuerbar ist.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the intensity of the radiation of the light sources (119a to n) is controllable continuously or in stages.
wobei die Trocknung des Druckbilds in der Druckmaschine (7) erfolgt,
die vorzugsweise mehrere Druckwerke (7a bis d) für die verschiedenen Farben besitzt und entweder hinter oder in einzelnen Druckwerken jeweils eine Trocknereinrichtung (17a bis d) vorgesehen ist.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the drying of the printed image takes place in the printing press (7),
which preferably has a plurality of printing units (7a to d) for the different colors and either a drying device (17a to d) is provided behind or in individual printing units.
wobei die Trocknung des Druckbildes in der Druckmaschine (7) erfolgt und ein oder mehrere Trockner (17f) vorgesehen sind, die primär zur integralen Trocknung von über das Druckbild gelegten Lackschichten dienen.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the drying of the printed image takes place in the printing press (7) and one or more dryers (17f) are provided, which serve primarily for the integral drying of lacquer layers applied over the printed image.
wobei der Steuerung der Trocknereinrichtung zusätzlich Daten zugeführt werden, die ein Maß für die Schichtdicke (p) des gedruckten Bildes bzw. der gedruckten Farbauszüge (YMCB) sind oder von denen der Kontrast bzw. die lokale Variation der Schichtdicke der verdruckten Farbe beschrieben ist.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the control of the dryer device additionally data are supplied, which are a measure of the layer thickness (p) of the printed image or the printed color separations (YMCB) or of which the contrast or the local variation of the layer thickness of the printed color is described.
wobei das ein- oder zweidimensionale Array (119) von Strahlungsquellen (119a bis n) gekapselt ist und die Kapselung vorzugsweise mit einem abnehmbaren Strahlungsfenster versehen ist.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the one- or two-dimensional array (119) of radiation sources (119a to n) is encapsulated and the encapsulation is preferably provided with a removable radiation window.
wobei der Raum innerhalb der Kapselung (118) und/oder der Raum zwischen dem Array (119) und dem Bedruckstoff mit Inertgas (N2) gefüllt bzw. gespült wird.Method according to claim 11,
wherein the space within the enclosure (118) and / or the space between the array (119) and the substrate is filled with inert gas (N 2 ).
wobei die Auflösung der niedriger aufgelösten Bilddaten zwischen 5 und 100 dpi, vorzugsweise bei ca. 50 dpi, liegt.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the resolution of the lower-resolution image data is between 5 and 100 dpi, preferably about 50 dpi.
wobei der Rasterabstand der Strahlungsquellen (119a bis n) im Bereich zwischen 0,2 Millimetern bis 8 Millimetern, vorzugsweise zwischen 2 und 5 Millimetern, liegt.Method according to claim 2 or 3,
wherein the pitch of the radiation sources (119a to n) in the range between 0.2 millimeters to 8 millimeters, preferably between 2 and 5 millimeters, is located.
wobei die Lichtquellen des Arrays oder Gruppen von Lichtquellen hinsichtlich der von ihnen abgegebenen Strahlung überprüft werden.Method according to claim 1,
wherein the light sources of the array or groups of light sources are checked for the radiation emitted by them.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007058957A DE102007058957A1 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | Process for drying printed material |
Publications (3)
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EP2067620A2 true EP2067620A2 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
EP2067620A3 EP2067620A3 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
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EP08105788.7A Active EP2067620B1 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2008-11-13 | Method for drying a multicolour printed material |
Country Status (5)
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US (2) | US8326183B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2067620B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5519926B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101513804B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007058957A1 (en) |
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US10442183B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2019-10-15 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Method for configuring a dryer device in a security printing press, and a security printing press |
WO2021038039A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-04 | Esko-Graphics Imaging Gmbh | Uv led radiation sources for use in photopolymer exposure |
EP3811155B1 (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2022-07-27 | Esko-Graphics Imaging GmbH | Uv led radiation sources for use in photopolymer exposure |
EP4102298A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2022-12-14 | Esko-Graphics Imaging GmbH | Uv led radiation sources for use in photopolymer exposure |
EP4112307A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-04 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG | Device for curing a uv-curable fluid on a printing substrate with a radiator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2067620B1 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
JP2009137302A (en) | 2009-06-25 |
JP5519926B2 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
US8699921B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 |
DE102007058957A1 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
US20130021420A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
CN101513804B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
CN101513804A (en) | 2009-08-26 |
EP2067620A3 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
US20090148620A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
US8326183B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 |
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